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Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2011
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
1.
Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a)
The Company and Basis of Presentation

AeroCentury Corp., a Delaware corporation incorporated in 1997, acquires used regional aircraft and engines for lease to foreign and domestic regional carriers.

The condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X.  Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.  In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.  Operating results for the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2011.

For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.

(b)
Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.  The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable for making judgments that are not readily apparent from other sources.

The most significant estimates with regard to these financial statements are the residual values of the aircraft, the useful lives of the aircraft, the amount and timing of cash flow associated with each aircraft that are used to evaluate whether assets are impaired, accrued maintenance costs, the estimated fair value of financial instruments, accounting for income taxes, and the amounts recorded as allowances for doubtful accounts.

(c)
Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs, to the extent possible. The standard describes a fair value hierarchy based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, that may be used to measure fair value which are the following:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
 
(c)
Fair Value Measurements (continued)

Assets and Liabilities Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table shows by level, within the fair value hierarchy, the Company's assets at fair value as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

   
June 30, 2011
  
December 31, 2010
 
   
Total
  
Level
1
  
Level
2
  
Level
3
  
Total
  
Level
1
  
Level
2
  
Level
3
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 $1,464,800  $1,464,800  $-  $-  $1,949,400  $1,949,400  $-  $- 
                                  
Total
 $1,464,800  $1,464,800  $-  $-  $1,949,400  $1,949,400  $-  $- 

As of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, there were no liabilities that are required to be measured and recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.

Assets Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company determines fair value of long-lived assets held and used, such as aircraft and aircraft engines held for lease, by reference to independent appraisals, quoted market prices (e.g. an offer to purchase) and other factors. An impairment charge is recorded when the Company believes that the carrying value of an asset will not be recovered through future cash flows and that carrying value exceeds its fair value. During the three months and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, there was no write-down of long-lived assets recorded.

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

The Company's financial instruments, other than cash and cash equivalents, consist principally of accounts receivable, accounts payable, amounts borrowed under a credit facility and borrowings under notes payable.  The fair value of accounts receivable and accounts payable approximates the carrying value of these financial instruments because of their short-term nature.

Borrowings under the Company's credit facility bear floating rates of interest that reset periodically to a market benchmark rate plus a credit margin.  The Company believes the effective interest rates of its various debt agreements approximate current market rates for such indebtedness at the balance sheet date.  The Company believes the carrying amount of its floating and fixed rate debt at the balance sheet dates approximates their fair values, which were estimated by calculation of the present value of future repayment obligations using estimates of borrowing rates that would be available to the Company for such instruments.  
 
(d)
Reclassifications

Certain of the prior period financial statement amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.  These reclassifications had no impact on previously reported net income or cash flows.  Amounts reported for maintenance expense for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2010 in the accompanying condensed statements of operations include $283,800 of bad debt expense recognized in June 2010.   Such amount was related to maintenance paid on behalf of a lessee, for which the Company recorded a bad debt allowance at June 30, 2010.  This amount has been reclassified to maintenance expense, as the Company believes that this classification better describes the nature of the expense.
 
(e)
Finance Leases

The lease for one of the Company's aircraft contains a purchase option for the lessee for an amount substantially below the estimated residual value of the asset at the date for purchase under such option.  Consequently, the Company considers the purchase option to be a “bargain purchase option” and has classified such lease as a finance lease for financial accounting purposes.  As discussed in note 2, the Company previously had a second finance lease.  The Company does not include the value, purchase price or accumulated depreciation of finance lease assets on its balance sheet.  Instead, for any finance lease, the discounted present value of (i) future minimum lease payments (including bargain purchase options) and (ii) any residual value not subject to a bargain purchase option are reported as a finance lease receivable.  Rental revenue and depreciation expense are not recognized on finance leases.  Rather, the Company accrues interest on the balance of the finance lease receivable based on the interest rate inherent in the lease.