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Commitments and Contingencies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
As a result of issues generated in the ordinary course of business, Dominion and Virginia Power are involved in legal proceedings before various courts and are periodically subject to governmental examinations (including by regulatory authorities), inquiries and investigations. Certain legal proceedings and governmental examinations involve demands for unspecified amounts of damages, are in an initial procedural phase, involve uncertainty as to the outcome of pending appeals or motions, or involve significant factual issues that need to be resolved, such that it is not possible for the Companies to estimate a range of possible loss. For such matters that the Companies cannot estimate, a statement to this effect is made in the description of the matter. Other matters may have progressed sufficiently through the litigation or investigative processes such that the Companies are able to estimate a range of possible loss. For legal proceedings and governmental examinations for which the Companies are able to reasonably estimate a range of possible losses, an estimated range of possible loss is provided, in excess of the accrued liability (if any) for such matters. Estimated ranges of loss are inclusive of legal fees and net of any anticipated insurance recoveries. This estimated range is based on currently available information and involves elements of judgment and significant uncertainties. This estimated range of possible loss does not represent the Companies' maximum possible loss exposure. The circumstances of such legal proceedings and governmental examinations will change from time to time and actual results may vary significantly from the current estimate. For current proceedings not specifically reported below, management does not anticipate that the liabilities, if any, arising from such proceedings would have a material effect on Dominion's or Virginia Power's financial position, liquidity or results of operations.
Environmental Matters
Dominion and Virginia Power are subject to costs resulting from a number of federal, state and local laws and regulations designed to protect human health and the environment. These laws and regulations affect future planning and existing operations. They can result in increased capital, operating and other costs as a result of compliance, remediation, containment and monitoring obligations.
Air
On December 21, 2011, the EPA issued MATS for coal and oil-fired electric utility steam generating units. The rule establishes strict emission limits for mercury, particulate matter as a surrogate for toxic metals and hydrogen chloride as a surrogate for acid gases. The rule includes a limited use provision for oil-fired units with annual capacity factors under 8% that provides an exemption from emission limits, and allows compliance with operational work practice standards. Compliance will be required by Spring 2015, with certain limited exceptions. In December 2011, Virginia Power recorded a $228 million ($139 million after-tax) charge reflecting plant balances that are not expected to be recovered in future periods due to the anticipated retirement of certain regulated coal units, primarily as a result of the issuance of the final MATS. Dominion continues to be governed by individual state mercury emission reduction regulations in Massachusetts and Illinois that are largely unaffected by this rule.
In July 2011, the EPA issued a final replacement rule for CAIR, called CSAPR, that requires 28 states to reduce power plant emissions that cross state lines. CSAPR establishes new SO2 and NOx emissions cap and trade programs that are completely independent of the current ARP. Specifically, CSAPR requires reductions in SO2 and NOx emissions from fossil fuel-fired electric generating units of 25 MW or more through annual NOx emissions caps, NOx emissions caps during the ozone season (May 1 through September 30) and annual SO2 emission caps with differing requirements for two groups of affected states.
Prior to the issuance of CSAPR, Dominion and Virginia Power held $57 million and $43 million, respectively, of SO2 emissions allowances obtained for ARP and CAIR compliance. Due to CSAPR's establishment of a new allowance program and the elimination of CAIR, Dominion and Virginia Power have more SO2 emissions allowances than needed for ARP compliance, which resulted in the impairment of these allowances in the third quarter of 2011. See Note 7 for further details of the impairments.
With respect to Dominion's generation fleet, the cost to comply with the rule is not expected to be material. However, following numerous petitions for review and motions for stay, in December 2011, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit issued a ruling to stay CSAPR pending judicial review. Also, in the fourth quarter of 2011, the EPA proposed technical revisions to CSAPR. Accordingly, future outcomes of litigation and/or final action to modify the rule could affect this assessment. While the stay of CSAPR is in effect, the EPA will continue to administer CAIR.
The CAA is a comprehensive program utilizing a broad range of regulatory tools to protect and preserve the nation's air quality. At a minimum, states are required to establish regulatory programs to address all requirements of the CAA. However, states may choose to develop regulatory programs that are more restrictive. Many of Dominion's and Virginia Power's facilities are subject to the CAA's permitting and other requirements.
In February 2008, Dominion received a request for information pursuant to Section 114 of the CAA from the EPA. The request concerns historical operating changes and capital improvements undertaken at State Line and Kincaid. In April 2009, Dominion received a second request for information. Dominion provided information in response to both requests. Also in April 2009, Dominion received a Notice and Finding of Violations from the EPA claiming violations of the CAA New Source Review requirements, New Source Performance Standards, the Title V permit program and the stations' respective State Implementation Plans. The Notice states that the EPA may issue an order requiring compliance with the relevant CAA provisions and may seek injunctive relief and/or civil penalties, all pursuant to the EPA's enforcement authority under the CAA.
Dominion believes that it complied with applicable laws and the EPA regulations and interpretations in effect at the time the work in question took place. The CAA authorizes maximum civil penalties of $25,000 to $37,500 per day, per violation at each generating unit, depending on the date of the alleged violation. In addition to any such penalties that may be awarded, an adverse outcome could require substantial capital expenditures or affect the timing of currently budgeted capital expenditures that cannot be determined at this time. Such expenditures could affect future results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Dominion is currently unable to make an estimate of the potential financial statement impacts related to these matters.
In June 2010, the Conservation Law Foundation and Healthlink Inc. filed a Complaint in the District Court of Massachusetts against Dominion Energy New England, Inc. alleging that Salem Harbor units 1, 2, 3, and 4 have been and are in violation of visible emissions standards and monitoring requirements of the Massachusetts State Implementation Plan and the station's state and federal operating permits. In February 2012, the court entered a consent decree among the parties, pursuant to which Dominion will retire Salem Harbor. The consent decree is not expected to have a material effect on Dominion's operations, financial statements or cash flows.
Water
The CWA is a comprehensive program requiring a broad range of regulatory tools including a permit program to authorize and regulate discharges to surface waters with strong enforcement mechanisms. Dominion and Virginia Power must comply with all aspects of the CWA programs at their operating facilities.
In October 2003, the EPA and the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection each issued new NPDES permits for Brayton Point. The new permits contained identical conditions that in effect require the installation of cooling towers to address concerns over the withdrawal and discharge of cooling water. Currently, Dominion is constructing the cooling towers and estimates the total cost to install these cooling towers at approximately $570 million, with remaining expenditures of approximately $65 million included in its planned capital expenditures through 2012.
In October 2007, the VSWCB issued a renewed VPDES permit for North Anna. BREDL, and other persons, appealed the VSWCB's decision to the Richmond Circuit Court, challenging several permit provisions related to North Anna's discharge of cooling water. In February 2009, the court ruled that the VSWCB was required to regulate the thermal discharge from North Anna into the waste heat treatment facility. Virginia Power filed a motion for reconsideration with the court in February 2009, which was denied. The final order was issued by the court in September 2009. The court's order allowed North Anna to continue to operate pursuant to the currently issued VPDES permit. In October 2009, Virginia Power filed a Notice of Appeal of the court's order with the Richmond Circuit Court, initiating the appeals process to the Virginia Court of Appeals. In June 2010, the Virginia Court of Appeals reversed the Richmond Circuit Court's September 2009 order. The Virginia Court of Appeals held that the lower court had applied the wrong standard of review, and that the VSWCB's determination not to regulate the station's thermal discharge into the waste heat treatment facility was lawful. In July 2010, BREDL and the other original appellants filed a petition for appeal to the Supreme Court of Virginia requesting that it review the Court of Appeals' decision. In December 2010, the Supreme Court of Virginia granted BREDL's petition. In January 2012, the Supreme Court of Virginia upheld the Virginia Court of Appeals' June 2010 ruling for Dominion and the VSWCB.
 In September 2010, Millstone's NPDES permit was reissued under the CWA. The conditions of the permit require an evaluation of control technologies that could result in additional expenditures in the future, however, Dominion cannot currently predict the outcome of this evaluation. In October 2010, the permit issuance was appealed to the state court by a private plaintiff. The permit is expected to remain in effect during the appeal. Dominion is currently unable to make an estimate of the potential financial statement impacts related to this matter.
Solid and Hazardous Waste
The CERCLA, as amended, provides for immediate response and removal actions coordinated by the EPA in the event of threatened releases of hazardous substances into the environment and authorizes the U.S. government either to clean up sites at which hazardous substances have created actual or potential environmental hazards or to order persons responsible for the situation to do so. Under the CERCLA, as amended, generators and transporters of hazardous substances, as well as past and present owners and operators of contaminated sites, can be strictly, jointly and severally liable for the cost of cleanup. These potentially responsible parties can be ordered to perform a cleanup, be sued for costs associated with an EPA-directed cleanup, voluntarily settle with the U.S. government concerning their liability for cleanup costs, or voluntarily begin a site investigation and site remediation under state oversight.
From time to time, Dominion or Virginia Power may be identified as a potentially responsible party to a Superfund site. The EPA (or a state) can either allow such a party to conduct and pay for a remedial investigation, feasibility study and remedial action or conduct the remedial investigation and action itself and then seek reimbursement from the potentially responsible parties. Each party can be held jointly, severally and strictly liable for the cleanup costs. These parties can also bring contribution actions against each other and seek reimbursement from their insurance companies. As a result, Dominion or Virginia Power may be responsible for the costs of remedial investigation and actions under the Superfund law or other laws or regulations regarding the remediation of waste. Except as noted below, the Companies do not believe this will have a material effect on results of operations, financial condition and/or cash flows.
 In September 2011, the EPA issued a UAO to Virginia Power and 22 other parties, ordering specific remedial action of certain areas at the Ward Transformer Superfund site located in Raleigh, North Carolina.  Virginia Power does not believe it is a liable party under CERCLA based on its alleged connection to the site. In November 2011 Virginia Power and a number of other parties notified the EPA that they are declining to undertake the work set forth in the UAO. 
The EPA may seek to enforce a UAO in court pursuant to its enforcement authority under CERCLA, and may seek recovery of its costs in undertaking removal or remedial action.  If the court determines that a respondent failed to comply with the UAO without sufficient cause, the EPA may also seek civil penalties of up to $37,500 per day for the violation and punitive damages of up to three times the costs incurred by the EPA as a result of the party's failure to comply with the UAO. Virginia Power is currently unable to make an estimate of the potential financial statement impacts related to the Ward Transformer matter.
Dominion has determined that it is associated with 17 former manufactured gas plant sites. Studies conducted by other utilities at their former manufactured gas plant sites have indicated that those sites contain coal tar and other potentially harmful materials. None of the 17 former sites with which Dominion is associated is under investigation by any state or federal environmental agency. At one of the former sites, Dominion is conducting a state-approved post closure groundwater monitoring program and an environmental land use restriction has been recorded. Another site has been accepted into a state-based voluntary remediation program and Dominion has not yet estimated the future remediation costs. Due to the uncertainty surrounding these sites, Dominion is unable to make an estimate of the potential financial statement impacts related to these sites.
Climate Change Legislation and Regulation
Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut, among other states, have joined RGGI, a multi-state effort to reduce CO2 emissions in the Northeast implemented through state specific regulations. Under the initiative, aggregate CO2 emissions from power plants in participating states are required to be stabilized at current levels from 2009 to 2015. Further reductions from current levels would be required to be phased in starting in 2016 such that by 2019 there would be a 10% reduction in participating state power plant CO2 emissions. During 2012, RGGI will undergo a program review which could impact regulations and implementation of RGGI. The impact of this program review on Dominion's fossil fired generation operations in RGGI states is unknown at this time. Dominion is currently unable to make an estimate of the potential financial statement impacts related to these matters.
 Three of Dominion's facilities, Brayton Point, Salem Harbor and Manchester Street, are subject to RGGI. Beginning with calendar year 2009, RGGI requires that Dominion cover each ton of CO2 direct stack emissions from these facilities with either an allowance or an offset. The allowances can be purchased through auction or through a secondary market. Dominion has participated in RGGI allowance auctions to date and has procured allowances to meet its estimated compliance requirements under RGGI for 2009 through 2013 and partially for 2014, therefore Dominion does not expect compliance with RGGI to have a material impact on its results of operations or financial condition. However, during June 2011, a lawsuit was filed in New York seeking to retroactively rescind RGGI participation by that state. Currently, a percentage of Dominion's RGGI allowances have been acquired from New York. The allocated value of these allowances totaled approximately $38 million, of which the majority have been expensed as consumed. Dominion anticipates that it will surrender New York RGGI allowances for purposes of compliance prior to the issuance of a court decision in the lawsuit, should Dominion continue to hold New York allowances at such time that the court issues a decision that is adverse to New York, and RGGI does not exchange these allowances for other state allowances, replacement allowances would have to be purchased. Dominion cannot predict the outcome of the case and is currently unable to make an estimate of the potential financial statement impacts related to these matters.
Long-Term Purchase Agreements
At December 31, 2011, Virginia Power had the following long-term commitments that are noncancelable or are cancelable only under certain conditions, and that third parties have used to secure financing for the facilities that will provide the contracted goods or services:
 
 
2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Thereafter

Total

(millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Purchased electric capacity(1)
$
347

$
351

$
359

$
339

$
275

$
507

$
2,178

(1)
Commitments represent estimated amounts payable for capacity under power purchase contracts with qualifying facilities and independent power producers, the last of which ends in 2021. Capacity payments under the contracts are generally based on fixed dollar amounts per month, subject to escalation using broad-based economic indices. At December 31, 2011, the present value of Virginia Power's total commitment for capacity payments is $1.7 billion. Capacity payments totaled $338 million, $344 million, and $356 million, and energy payments totaled $275 million, $303 million, and $254 million for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Lease Commitments
Dominion and Virginia Power lease various facilities, vehicles and equipment primarily under operating leases. Payments under certain leases are escalated based on an index such as the consumer price index. Future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating and capital leases that have initial or remaining lease terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2011 are as follows:
 
 
2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

Thereafter

Total

(millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dominion
$
83

$
79

$
68

$
60

$
52

$
185

$
527

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Virginia Power
$
28

$
28

$
22

$
18

$
15

$
29

$
140


Rental expense for Dominion totaled $155 million, $171 million, and $172 million for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Rental expense for Virginia Power totaled $50 million, $50 million, and $49 million for 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively. The majority of rental expense is reflected in other operations and maintenance expense.

 
Nuclear Operations
Nuclear Decommissioning - Minimum Financial Assurance
The NRC requires nuclear power plant owners to annually update minimum financial assurance amounts for the future decommissioning of their nuclear facilities. Decommissioning involves the decontamination and removal of radioactive contaminants from a nuclear power station once operations have ceased, in accordance with standards established by the NRC. The 2011 calculation for the NRC minimum financial assurance amount, aggregated for Dominion's and Virginia Power's nuclear units, was $3.2 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively, and has been satisfied by a combination of the funds being collected and deposited in the nuclear decommissioning trusts and the real annual rate of return growth of the funds allowed by the NRC. The 2011 NRC minimum financial assurance amounts shown were calculated using preliminary December 31, 2011 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics indices. Dominion believes that the amounts currently available in its decommissioning trusts and their expected earnings will be sufficient to cover expected decommissioning costs for the Millstone and Kewaunee units. Virginia Power also believes that the decommissioning funds and their expected earnings for the Surry and North Anna units will be sufficient, particularly when combined with future ratepayer collections and contributions to these decommissioning trusts, if such future collections and contributions are required. This reflects a positive long-term outlook for trust fund investment returns as the units will not be decommissioned for decades. Dominion and Virginia Power will continue to monitor these trusts to ensure they meet the minimum financial assurance requirement, which may include the use of parent company guarantees, surety bonding or other financial guarantees recognized by the NRC.
Nuclear Insurance
The Price-Anderson Amendments Act of 1988 provides the public up to $12.6 billion of liability protection per nuclear incident, via obligations required of owners of nuclear power plants, and allows for an inflationary provision adjustment every five years. Dominion and Virginia Power have purchased $375 million of coverage from commercial insurance pools for each reactor site with the remainder provided through a mandatory industry risk-sharing program. In the event of a nuclear incident at any licensed nuclear reactor in the U.S., the Companies could be assessed up to $118 million for each of their licensed reactors not to exceed $18 million per year per reactor. There is no limit to the number of incidents for which this retrospective premium can be assessed.
The current level of property insurance coverage for Dominion's and Virginia Power's nuclear units is as follows:
 
 
Coverage

(billions)
 
Dominion
 
Millstone
$
2.75

Kewaunee
1.80

 
 
Virginia Power(1)
 

Surry
$
2.55

North Anna
2.55

(1)
Surry and North Anna share a blanket property limit of $1 billion.

 The Companies' coverage exceeds the NRC minimum requirement for nuclear power plant licensees of $1.06 billion per reactor site and includes coverage for premature decommissioning and functional total loss. The NRC requires that the proceeds from this insurance be used first, to return the reactor to and maintain it in a safe and stable condition and second, to decontaminate the reactor and station site in accordance with a plan approved by the NRC. Nuclear property insurance is provided by NEIL, a mutual insurance company, and is subject to retrospective premium assessments in any policy year in which losses exceed the funds available to the insurance company. Dominion's and Virginia Power's maximum retrospective premium assessment for the current policy period is $78 million and $40 million, respectively. Based on the severity of the incident, the Board of Directors of the nuclear insurer has the discretion to lower or eliminate the maximum retrospective premium assessment. Dominion and Virginia Power have the financial responsibility for any losses that exceed the limits or for which insurance proceeds are not available because they must first be used for stabilization and decontamination.
Dominion and Virginia Power also purchase insurance from NEIL to mitigate certain expenses, including replacement power costs, associated with the prolonged outage of a nuclear unit due to direct physical damage. Under this program, the Companies are subject to a retrospective premium assessment for any policy year in which losses exceed funds available to NEIL. Dominion's and Virginia Power's maximum retrospective premium assessment for the current policy period is $31 million and $19 million, respectively.
ODEC, a part owner of North Anna, and Massachusetts Municipal Wholesale Electric Company and Central Vermont Public Service Corporation, part owners of Millstone's Unit 3, are responsible to Dominion and Virginia Power for their share of the nuclear decommissioning obligation and insurance premiums on applicable units, including any retrospective premium assessments and any losses not covered by insurance.
Spent Nuclear Fuel
Under provisions of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982, Dominion and Virginia Power entered into contracts with the DOE for the disposal of spent nuclear fuel. The DOE failed to begin accepting the spent fuel on January 31, 1998, the date provided by the Nuclear Waste Policy Act and by the Companies' contracts with the DOE. In January 2004, Dominion and Virginia Power filed lawsuits in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims against the DOE requesting damages in connection with its failure to commence accepting spent nuclear fuel. In October 2008, the court issued an opinion and order for Dominion in the amount of approximately $155 million, which includes approximately $112 million in damages incurred by Virginia Power for spent fuel-related costs at Surry and North Anna and approximately $43 million in damages incurred for spent nuclear fuel-related costs at Millstone through June 30, 2006. In December 2008, the government appealed the judgment to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. The government's initial brief in the appeal was filed in June 2010. The issues raised by the government on appeal pertained to the damages awarded to Dominion for Millstone. The government did not take issue with the damages awarded to Virginia Power for Surry or North Anna. As a result, Virginia Power recognized a receivable in the amount of $174 million, largely offset against property, plant and equipment and regulatory assets and liabilities, representing certain spent nuclear fuel-related costs incurred through June 30, 2010.
 In the second quarter of 2011, the Federal Appeals Court issued a decision affirming the trial court's damages award. The government did not seek rehearing of the Federal Appeals Court decision or seek review by the U.S. Supreme Court. As a result, Dominion recognized a receivable in the amount of $64 million for certain Millstone spent nuclear fuel-related costs incurred through June 30, 2011 that were considered probable of recovery. Dominion recognized a pre-tax benefit of $24 million, with $17 million recorded in other operations and maintenance expense and $7 million recorded in depreciation, depletion and amortization expense during 2011, with the remainder largely offset against property, plant and equipment. Dominion received payment of the $155 million damages award, including $112 million of damages incurred by Virginia Power, during the third quarter of 2011.
A lawsuit was also filed for Kewaunee. In August 2010, Dominion and the federal government reached a settlement resolving Dominion's claims for damages incurred at Kewaunee through December 31, 2008. The approximately $21 million settlement payment was received in September 2010.
 The Companies continue to recognize receivables for certain spent nuclear fuel-related costs that they believe are probable of recovery from the DOE. At December 31, 2011, Dominion's and Virginia Power's receivables for spent nuclear fuel-related costs totaled $102 million and $76 million, respectively. The Companies will continue to manage their spent fuel until it is accepted by the DOE.
Guarantees, Surety Bonds and Letters of Credit
DOMINION
At December 31, 2011, Dominion had issued $82 million of guarantees, primarily to support equity method investees. No significant amounts related to these guarantees have been recorded. As of December 31, 2011, Dominion's exposure under these guarantees was $49 million, primarily related to certain reserve requirements associated with non-recourse financing.
In addition to the above guarantees, Dominion and its partners, Shell and BP, may be required to make additional periodic equity contributions to NedPower and Fowler Ridge in connection with certain funding requirements associated with their respective non-recourse financings. As of December 31, 2011, Dominion's maximum remaining cumulative exposure under these equity funding agreements is $123 million through 2019 and its maximum annual future contributions could range from approximately $4 million to $19 million.
Dominion also enters into guarantee arrangements on behalf of its consolidated subsidiaries, primarily to facilitate their commercial transactions with third parties. To the extent that a liability subject to a guarantee has been incurred by one of Dominion's consolidated subsidiaries, that liability is included in Consolidated Financial Statements. Dominion is not required to recognize liabilities for guarantees issued on behalf of its subsidiaries unless it becomes probable that it will have to perform under the guarantees. Terms of the guarantees typically end once obligations have been paid. Dominion currently believes it is unlikely that it would be required to perform or otherwise incur any losses associated with guarantees of its subsidiaries' obligations.
At December 31, 2011, Dominion had issued the following subsidiary guarantees:
 
 
Stated Limit

Value(1)

(millions)
 
 
Subsidiary debt(2)
$
363

$
363

Commodity transactions(3)
3,238

330

Nuclear obligations(4)
231

60

Other(5)
485

82

Total
$
4,317

$
835

(1)
Represents the estimated portion of the guarantee's stated limit that is utilized as of December 31, 2011 based upon prevailing economic conditions and fact patterns specific to each guarantee arrangement. For those guarantees related to obligations that are recorded as liabilities by Dominion's subsidiaries, the value includes the recorded amount.
(2)
Guarantees of debt of certain DEI subsidiaries. In the event of default by the subsidiaries, Dominion would be obligated to repay such amounts.
(3)
Guarantees related to energy trading and marketing activities and other commodity commitments of certain subsidiaries, including subsidiaries of Virginia Power and DEI. These guarantees were provided to counterparties in order to facilitate physical and financial transactions in gas, oil, electricity, pipeline capacity, transportation and related commodities and services. If any of these subsidiaries fail to perform or pay under the contracts and the counterparties seek performance or payment, Dominion would be obligated to satisfy such obligation. Dominion and its subsidiaries receive similar guarantees as collateral for credit extended to others. The value provided includes certain guarantees that do not have stated limits.
(4)
Guarantees related to certain DEI subsidiaries' potential retrospective premiums that could be assessed if there is a nuclear incident under Dominion's nuclear insurance programs and guarantees for a DEI subsidiary's and Virginia Power's commitment to buy nuclear fuel. Excludes Dominion's agreement to provide up to $150 million and $60 million to two DEI subsidiaries to pay the operating expenses of Millstone and Kewaunee, respectively, in the event of a prolonged outage, as part of satisfying certain NRC requirements concerned with ensuring adequate funding for the operations of nuclear power stations.
(5)
Guarantees related to other miscellaneous contractual obligations such as leases, environmental obligations and construction projects. Also includes guarantees related to certain DEI subsidiaries' obligations for equity capital contributions and energy generation associated with Fowler Ridge and NedPower.
Additionally, as of December 31, 2011 Dominion had purchased $151 million of surety bonds and authorized the issuance of letters of credit by financial institutions of $36 million to facilitate commercial transactions by its subsidiaries with third parties. Under the terms of surety bonds, Dominion is obligated to indemnify the respective surety bond company for any amounts paid.
VIRGINIA POWER
As of December 31, 2011, Virginia Power had issued $14 million of guarantees primarily to support tax-exempt debt issued through conduits. Virginia Power had also purchased $62 million of surety bonds for various purposes, including providing workers' compensation coverage, and authorized the issuance of letters of credit by financial institutions of $15 million to facilitate commercial transactions by its subsidiaries with third parties. Under the terms of surety bonds, Virginia Power is obligated to indemnify the respective surety bond company for any amounts paid.
Indemnifications
As part of commercial contract negotiations in the normal course of business, Dominion and Virginia Power may sometimes agree to make payments to compensate or indemnify other parties for possible future unfavorable financial consequences resulting from specified events. The specified events may involve an adverse judgment in a lawsuit or the imposition of additional taxes due to a change in tax law or interpretation of the tax law. Dominion and Virginia Power are unable to develop an estimate of the maximum potential amount of future payments under these contracts because events that would obligate them have not yet occurred or, if any such event has occurred, they have not been notified of its occurrence. However, at December 31, 2011, Dominion and Virginia Power believe future payments, if any, that could ultimately become payable under these contract provisions, would not have a material impact on their results of operations, cash flows or financial position.
Workforce Reduction Program
In the first quarter of 2010, Dominion and Virginia Power announced a workforce reduction program that reduced their total workforces by approximately 9% and 11%, respectively, during 2010. The goal of the workforce reduction program was to reduce operations and maintenance expense growth and further improve the efficiency of the Companies. In the first quarter of 2010, Dominion recorded a $338 million ($206 million after-tax) charge, including $202 million ($123 million after-tax) at Virginia Power, primarily reflected in other operations and maintenance expense in their Consolidated Statements of Income due to severance pay and other benefits related to the workforce reduction program. During 2010, Dominion and Virginia Power paid $109 million and $104 million, respectively, of costs related to the program. The terms of the workforce reduction program were consistent with the Companies' existing severance plan.
Merchant Generation Operations
Dominion continually reviews its portfolio of assets to determine which assets fit strategically and support its objectives to
improve return on invested capital and shareholder value. If Dominion identifies assets that do not support its objectives and
believes they may be of greater value to another owner, Dominion may consider such assets for divestiture. In connection with
this effort, in the first quarter of 2011, Dominion decided to pursue the sale of Kewaunee. If these efforts are successful,
Dominion may be required to present Kewaunee's assets and liabilities that are subject to sale as held for sale in its
Consolidated Balance Sheet and Kewaunee's results of operations in discontinued operations in its Consolidated Statements of
Income. Held for sale classification would require that amounts be recorded at the lower of book value or sale price less costs
to sell and could result in the recording of an impairment charge. Any sale of Kewaunee would be subject to the approval of
Dominion's Board of Directors, as well as applicable state and federal approvals.
During the second quarter of 2011, Dominion announced that State Line would be retired by mid-2014, and that it would retire two of the four units at Salem Harbor by the end of 2011 and plans to retire the remaining units on June 1, 2014. In the second quarter of 2011, Dominion recorded a $17 million ($11 million after-tax) charge in other operations and maintenance expense for severance costs related to the expected closings of these merchant generation facilities. In August 2011, Dominion announced that State Line would be retired in the first quarter of 2012, given a continued decline in power prices and the expected cost to comply with CSAPR. During the third quarter of 2011, Dominion recorded a $15 million ($10 million after-tax) charge in other operations and maintenance expense related to the accelerated closure of State Line.
MF Global
Prior to October 31, 2011, certain of Dominion's subsidiaries executed certain commodity transactions on exchanges using MF Global, an FCM registered with the CFTC. In order to secure its potential exposure on these commodity transactions, Dominion posted certain required margin collateral with MF Global. The parent company of MF Global, MF Global Holdings Ltd., filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code on October 31, 2011. On the same date, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York appointed a trustee to oversee the liquidation of MF Global pursuant to the Securities Investor Protection Act.
In accordance with court-approved procedures, Dominion transferred to other FCMs all open positions executed using MF Global. The initial margin posted for these open positions at October 31, 2011 was approximately $73 million. Dominion has received approximately $8 million of this amount through the liquidation process to date. 
At this time, the MF Global trustee is determining the final amounts that will be recoverable and ultimately distributed to MF Global's customers.  As part of this process, the trustee has filed claims in the insolvency proceeding of MF Global affiliates in various foreign jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom, which claims are still pending.  Due to the uncertainty surrounding the ultimate recovery on the claims filed by the MF Global trustee in the United Kingdom and elsewhere and the potential dilution of such recovered funds in the liquidation process, Dominion is unable to estimate the loss, if any, associated with its remaining margin claims.