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Share-Based Compensation - Additional Information (Detail) (USD $)
In Millions, except Share data, unless otherwise specified
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2012
Apr. 25, 2013
Apr. 24, 2013
May 31, 2013
Jan. 31, 2013
Oct. 31, 2009
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised under stock option plans $ 146.2us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue $ 130.2us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue $ 375.7us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue          
Cash received from option exercises and employee stock purchase plans 283.6us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSharesUnderIncentiveAndShareBasedCompensationPlansIncludingStockOptions 160.6us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSharesUnderIncentiveAndShareBasedCompensationPlansIncludingStockOptions 263.3us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfSharesUnderIncentiveAndShareBasedCompensationPlansIncludingStockOptions          
Number of options vested and expected to vest 4,800,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber              
Weighted average remaining contractual life of shares vested and expected to vest, years 6 years 6 months              
Aggregate intrinsic value of shares vested and expected to vest 672.2us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestExercisableAggregateIntrinsicValue              
Options vested and expected to vest, weighted-average exercise price per share $ 393.76us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice              
Excess tax benefit from employee stock plans 24.0us-gaap_ExcessTaxBenefitFromShareBasedCompensationFinancingActivities 38.0us-gaap_ExcessTaxBenefitFromShareBasedCompensationFinancingActivities 94.2us-gaap_ExcessTaxBenefitFromShareBasedCompensationFinancingActivities          
Share-based compensation charges, income tax effect 53.5us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationTaxBenefitFromCompensationExpense 58.5us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationTaxBenefitFromCompensationExpense 47.5us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationTaxBenefitFromCompensationExpense          
2010 Plan                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Share-based compensation, options, expiration term (in years) 10 years              
Number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance       4,850,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_AmendedAndRestatedTwentyTenStockIncentivePlanMember
3,650,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_AmendedAndRestatedTwentyTenStockIncentivePlanMember
     
Shares were reserved for future issuance 1,000,000us-gaap_CommonStockCapitalSharesReservedForFutureIssuance
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_AmendedAndRestatedTwentyTenStockIncentivePlanMember
             
2009 Plan                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Share-based compensation, options, expiration term (in years) 10 years              
Number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance           1,155,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_AmendedAndRestatedTwentyZeroNineStockIncentivePlanMember
855,000us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAuthorized
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_AmendedAndRestatedTwentyZeroNineStockIncentivePlanMember
 
Shares were reserved for future issuance 100,000us-gaap_CommonStockCapitalSharesReservedForFutureIssuance
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_AmendedAndRestatedTwentyZeroNineStockIncentivePlanMember
             
2000 Equity Incentive Plan                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Share-based compensation, options, expiration term (in years) 10 years              
Minimum exercise price of NSOs, percentage of fair value 85.00%isrg_MinimumExercisePriceOfNsosPercentageOfFairValue
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_TwoThousandEquityIncentivePlanMember
             
2000 Non-Employee Directors' Stock Option Plan                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Share-based compensation, options, expiration term (in years) 10 years              
Shares were reserved for future issuance 58,000us-gaap_CommonStockCapitalSharesReservedForFutureIssuance
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_TwoThousandNonEmployeeDirectorsStockOptionPlanMember
             
Reduction under Directors' plan, shares               150,000isrg_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesReduction
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_TwoThousandNonEmployeeDirectorsStockOptionPlanMember
Annual Grant Options                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Percentage vesting upon six months of service 12.50%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingUponSixMonthsofService
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_AnnualGrantOptionsMember
             
Percentage vesting per month after six months of service 2.0833%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingPerMonthAfterSixMonthsofService
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_AnnualGrantOptionsMember
             
Annual Grant Options | 2010 Plan                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Share based vesting period 3 years 6 months              
Annual Grant Options | 2000 Non-Employee Directors' Stock Option Plan                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Share based vesting period 1 year              
New Hire Options                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Percentage vesting upon one year of service 25.00%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingUponOneYearofService
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_NewHireOptionsMember
             
Percentage vesting per month after one year 2.0833%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingPerMonthAfterOneYear
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_NewHireOptionsMember
             
Initial Grant Options | 2000 Non-Employee Directors' Stock Option Plan                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Percentage vesting upon one year of service 33.3333%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingUponOneYearofService
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_InitialGrantOptionsMember
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_TwoThousandNonEmployeeDirectorsStockOptionPlanMember
             
Percentage vesting per month after one year 2.7778%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingPerMonthAfterOneYear
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_InitialGrantOptionsMember
/ us-gaap_PlanNameAxis
= isrg_TwoThousandNonEmployeeDirectorsStockOptionPlanMember
             
Stock options granted initial vesting period, years 3 years              
Employee Stock                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Shares were reserved for future issuance 300,000us-gaap_CommonStockCapitalSharesReservedForFutureIssuance
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
             
Minimum hours employed per week 20 hours              
Minimum months employed per year 5 months              
Maximum percentage of employees on stockholders to participate in ESPP 5.00%isrg_MaximumPercentageOfEmployeesOnStockholdersToParticipateInEmployeeStockPurchasePlan
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
             
Percentage of employee payroll deduction under the stock plan, maximum 15.00%isrg_MaximumPercentageOfPayrollDeductionUnderEspp
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
             
Duration for each offering period 24 months              
Number of shorter purchase periods that each offering period is divided into 4isrg_OfferingPeriodNumberofPurchasePeriodsOfferingDividedIntoEmployeeStockPurchasePlans
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
             
Duration of each shorter offering period 6 months              
Discount on fair market value on the offering date 85.00%us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPriceOfferingDate
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
             
Discount on fair market value on the purchase date 85.00%us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardDiscountFromMarketPricePurchaseDate
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
             
Period of look-back that could cause offering period to reset 2 years              
Employee stock purchase plan, shares issued 100,000us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
100,000us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
100,000us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockPurchasePlans
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
         
Employee stock purchase plan, value of shares issued 29.4us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
28.8us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
27.8us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockPurchasePlan
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
         
Total unrecognized compensation expense 7.3us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember
             
Weighted average period unrecognized compensation expenses are expected to be recognized, years 8 months 12 days              
Nonvested Stock Option                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Total unrecognized compensation expense 177.1us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_NonvestedStockOptionMember
             
Weighted average period unrecognized compensation expenses are expected to be recognized, years 2 years 3 months              
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Share based vesting period 4 years              
Total unrecognized compensation expense $ 65.9us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember
             
Weighted average period unrecognized compensation expenses are expected to be recognized, years 3 years 2 months 12 days              
February Grant | Annual Grant Options                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Percentage vesting upon six months of service 12.50%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingUponSixMonthsofService
/ us-gaap_AwardDateAxis
= isrg_FebruaryGrantMember
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_AnnualGrantOptionsMember
             
Percentage vesting per month after six months of service 2.0833%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingPerMonthAfterSixMonthsofService
/ us-gaap_AwardDateAxis
= isrg_FebruaryGrantMember
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_AnnualGrantOptionsMember
             
August Grant | Annual Grant Options                
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]                
Percentage vesting at the end of one month 14.5833%isrg_SharebasedCompensationArrangementbySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentageVestingattheEndofOneMonth
/ us-gaap_AwardDateAxis
= isrg_AugustGrantMember
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_AnnualGrantOptionsMember
             
Percentage vesting per month after one month 2.0833%us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingRightsPercentage
/ us-gaap_AwardDateAxis
= isrg_AugustGrantMember
/ us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis
= isrg_AnnualGrantOptionsMember