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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Note 12 – Fair Value Measurements

Accounting guidance under GAAP defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. This accounting guidance also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as impaired loans, loans held for sale and other real estate owned (foreclosed assets). These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower of cost or market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

Under fair value accounting guidance, assets and liabilities are grouped at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine their fair values. These hierarchy levels are:

Level 1 inputs – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 inputs – Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These might include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

Level 3 inputs – Unobservable inputs for determining the fair values of assets or liabilities that reflect an entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities.

Below is a discussion on the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Investment Securities Available for Sale

Fair value measurement for investment securities available for sale is based on quoted prices from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include present value of future cash flows, prepayment assumptions, credit loss assumptions and other factors. The Company classifies its investments in U.S. Treasury securities, if any, as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy, and it classifies its investments in U.S. Government agencies securities and mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. Government sponsored entities as Level 2.

Equity Securities

Fair value measurement for equity securities is based on quoted market prices retrieved by the Company via on-line resources. Although these securities have readily available fair market values, the Company determined that they should be classified as level 2 investments in the fair value hierarchy due to not being considered traded in a highly active market.

The tables below present the recorded amount of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020. No assets were transferred from one hierarchy level to another during the first nine months of 2021 or 2020.

Significant

Other

Significant

Quoted

Observable

Unobservable

Prices

Inputs

(Dollars in thousands)

Fair Value

(Level 1)

(Level 2)

(Level 3)

September 30, 2021

Securities available for sale:

U.S. Government agencies

17,983

—

17,983

—

Mortgage-backed

87,142

—

87,142

—

105,125

—

105,125

—

Equity

1,384

—

1,384

—

Total

106,509

—

106,509

—


					Significant
					Other		Significant
			Quoted		Observable		Unobservable
			Prices		Inputs		Inputs
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
December 31, 2020
Securities available for sale:
U.S. Government agencies	$	23,537	$	—	$	23,537	$	—
Mortgage-backed		116,031		—		116,031		—
		139,568		—		139,568		—

Equity		1,395		—		1,395		—
Total	$	140,963	$	—	$	140,963	$	—

Below is a discussion on the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis.

Impaired Loans

Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement when due. Loan impairment is measured using the present value of expected cash flows, the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of the collateral (less selling costs) if the loans are collateral dependent and these are considered Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable. The value of business equipment, inventory and accounts receivable, discounted on management’s review and analysis. Appraised and reported values may be discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the client and the client’s business.

Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on at least a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the factors identified above. Valuation techniques are consistent with those techniques applied in prior periods.

Other Real Estate Owned (Foreclosed Assets)

Foreclosed assets are adjusted for fair value upon transfer of loans to foreclosed assets establishing a new cost basis. Subsequently, foreclosed assets are carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value. The estimated fair value for foreclosed assets included in Level 3 are determined by independent market based appraisals and other available market information, less costs to sell, that may be reduced further based on market expectations or an executed sales agreement. If the fair value of the collateral deteriorates subsequent to the initial recognition, the Company records the foreclosed asset as a non-recurring Level 3 adjustment. Valuation techniques are consistent with those techniques applied in prior periods.

The following tables set forth the Company’s financial and nonfinancial assets subject to fair value adjustments (impairment) on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, that are valued at the lower of cost or market. Assets are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.


	Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
								Weighted
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Valuation Technique		Unobservable Input		Range	Average (3)
September 30, 2021
Nonrecurring measurements:

Impaired loans	$	617	Appraisal of collateral	(1)	Liquidation expense	(2)	10%	(10%)

Impaired loans	$	408	Discounted cash flow analysis	(1)	Discount rate		4% - 7.25%	(6%)

Other real estate owned	$	203	Appraisal of collateral	(1)	Appraisal adjustments	(2)	0% - 19%	(1%)


	Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
								Weighted
(Dollars in thousands)	Fair Value		Valuation Technique		Unobservable Input		Range	Average (3)
December 31, 2020
Nonrecurring measurements:

Impaired loans	$	610	Appraisal of collateral	(1)	Liquidation expense	(2)	10%	(10%)

Impaired loans	$	1,110	Discounted cash flow analysis	(1)	Discount rate		6% - 7.25%	(6%)

(1)Fair value is generally determined through independent appraisals of the underlying collateral (impaired loans and OREO) or discounted cash flow analyses (impaired loans), which generally include various level III inputs which are not identifiable.

(2)Appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. The range and weighted average of liquidation expenses and other appraisal adjustments are presented as a percent of the appraisal.

(3)Unobservable inputs were weighted by the relative fair value of the instruments.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments not carried at fair value on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets are presented in the following table. Fair values for September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were estimated using an exit price notion.


	September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020
			Estimated				Estimated
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
(Dollars in thousands)	Amount		Value		Amount		Value
Financial assets
Level 1 inputs
Cash and cash equivalents	$	310,852	$	310,852	$	186,917	$	186,917

Level 2 inputs
Investment securities held to maturity	$	250,501	$	247,835	$	65,706	$	65,828
Restricted securities		3,189		3,189		3,626		3,626
Cash surrender value on life insurance		41,949		41,949		31,018		31,018

Level 3 inputs
Loans, net	$	1,479,372	$	1,475,793	$	1,440,368	$	1,436,292

Financial liabilities
Level 2 inputs
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing demand	$	554,902	$	554,902	$	509,091	$	509,091
Checking plus interest		515,796		515,796		446,243		446,243
Money market		443,270		443,270		292,974		292,974
Savings		220,346		220,346		177,524		177,524
Club		1,490		1,490		392		392
Certificates of deposit, $100,000 or more		140,390		141,610		129,623		131,271
Other time		141,871		142,450		144,858		146,137
Securities sold under retail repurchase agreement		3,501		3,501		1,050		1,050
Subordinated debt		24,521		26,903		24,429		25,745

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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