Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and to the general practices within the banking industry. In management’s opinion, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements, have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or for any other interim periods. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. Certain amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements of prior periods have been reclassified to conform to current year presentations. The reclassifications had no effect on net income, net income per share, or shareholders’ equity as previously reported. All dollar amounts included in the tables in these notes are in thousands, except per share data, unless otherwise stated.
Loans	Loans are reported at their recorded investment, which is the outstanding principal balance net of any unearned income and costs, such as deferred fees and costs, charge-offs, and discounts or premiums on acquired or purchased loans. Interest on loans is recognized in earnings over the contractual term of the loan and is calculated using the effective interest method on principal amounts outstanding. Loan fees and certain direct origination costs are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield over the contractual term of the loan, adjusted for early pay-offs or principal curtailments, as applicable. All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off are reversed against interest income at the time the loans are placed in nonaccrual or charged-off. Any subsequent interest received on these loans is recognized as interest income under the cash basis method of accounting until the loan qualifies for return to accrual status. Generally, a loan is returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured, or the loan becomes well-secured and in the process of collection.
Internal Risk Rating Grades	Internal Risk Rating Grades Loans in the Company’s loan portfolio are risk rated on a periodic basis by experienced credit personnel. Risk rating categories are as follows: Pass – Several pass credit grades comprise loans in this category, which are assigned based on varying levels of risk, ranging from credits that are secured by cash or marketable securities, to management attention credits that have all characteristics of an acceptable credit risk but warrant more than the normal level of monitoring. Special Mention – Adverse trends in the borrower’s financial position are evident and warrant management’s close attention. Any collateral may not be fully adequate to secure the loan balance. Substandard – A loan in this category has a well-defined weakness in the primary repayment source that jeopardizes the timely collection of the loan. There is a distinct possibility that a loss may result if the weakness is not corrected. Doubtful – Default has already occurred and it is likely that foreclosure or repossession procedures have begun or will begin in the near future. Weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, based on currently existing information, highly questionable and improbable. Loss – Uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as an asset is not warranted.
Allowance for Loan Losses	The allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) reflects management’s judgment of probable loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Management uses a disciplined process and methodology to establish the ALL each quarter-end. To determine the total ALL, the Company estimates the reserves needed for each homogenous type of the loan portfolio, in addition to loans analyzed individually for impairment. Depending on the nature of each loan type, considerations include historical loss experience, adverse situations that may affect a borrower’s ability to repay, credit scores, past due history, estimated value of any underlying collateral, prevailing local and national economic conditions, and internal policies and procedures including credit risk management and underwriting. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as conditions change. The ALL consists of specific, general, and unallocated components. The specific component is determined by identifying impaired loans (as described below) then evaluating each one individually to calculate the amount of impairment. Impaired loans measured individually for impairment generally include (1) any loan risk rated Special Mention or worse where the borrower has filed for bankruptcy; (2) all loans risk rated Substandard or worse with balances of $400 thousand or more; and (3) all loans classified as a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). For the general component of the ALL, the Company collectively evaluates any loans not evaluated individually for a specific reserve, including impaired loans risk rated Substandard or worse with balances less than $400 thousand. All loans evaluated collectively are grouped into types, and historical loss experience is calculated and applied to each loan type and the resultant reserve is adjusted for qualitative factors. Qualitative factors include changes in local and national economic indicators, such as unemployment rates, interest rates, gross domestic product growth, and real estate market trends; the level of past due and nonaccrual loans; risk ratings on individual loans; strength of credit policies and procedures; loan officer experience; borrower credit scores; and other intrinsic risks related to the types and geographic locations of loans. These qualitative adjustments reflect management’s judgment of risks inherent in the loan types. An unallocated component is maintained, if needed, to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses.
Troubled Debt Restructuring	Troubled Debt Restructurings For economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial condition, management may grant a concession to a borrower that it would not otherwise consider. In cases where borrowers are experiencing financial difficulties and are granted new terms that provide for a reduction of either interest or principal or an extension of the maturity date at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risks, the related loan is classified as a troubled debt restructuring. Management strives to identify borrowers in financial difficulty early and may work with them to modify their loan(s) to more affordable terms before their loan reaches nonaccrual status. These modified terms may include rate reductions, principal forgiveness, payment forbearance, and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss to the Company and are classified as TDRs.
Leases	On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted the requirements of ASU 2016-02. As part of the adoption of this accounting standard, the Company evaluated its population of existing real estate and equipment leases as of January 1, 2019. The purpose was to determine whether the Company’s existing contractual arrangements constitute a lease, or contains an embedded lease, which would be in scope under ASU 2016-02, and whether such leases would meet the requirements of an operating or financing lease under the new accounting standard. Based on this evaluation, the Company identified 16 operating leases for land, buildings, and equipment with remaining lease terms ranging from one to 10 years. Most of the Company’s leases include renewal options, with renewal terms extending the lease obligation up to as much as five years. Lease terms may include renewal or extension options to the extent they are reasonably certain to be exercised as assessed at lease commencement. As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company did not have any leases that met the standard definition of a finance lease nor did it engage in any sale-leaseback transactions, have any short-term leases, or have any sublease income. For operating leases, ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the respective lease. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use leased assets over the term of the lease. Lease liabilities represent the Company’s contractual obligation to make lease payments over the lease term and are measured as the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are measured as the amount of the lease liability adjusted for certain items such as prepaid lease payments, unamortized lease incentives, and unamortized direct costs. ROU assets are amortized on a straight-line basis less the periodic interest expense adjustment of the lease liability and the amortization is included in occupancy expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, operating lease expense totaled $233 thousand and $460 thousand, respectively. The discount rate used for the present value calculations for lease liabilities was the rate implicit in the lease if determinable, and when the rate was not determinable, the Company used its incremental, collateralized borrowing rate with the FHLB for the period that most closely coincided with the respective lease term as of the commencement date of the lease. As part of the implementation of ASU 2016-02, the Company elected the following practical expedients. The Company elected to retain the operating lease classification for all of its existing leases as of January 1, 2019 under the former lease accounting standard. The Company elected not to reassess whether existing leases contained embedded lease arrangements or whether there were initial directs costs that should have been considered as part of the transition to ASU 2016-02. The Company also elected not to recognize an ROU asset and lease obligation for contracts with an initial term of twelve months or less. The expense associated with these short-term leases is included in noninterest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. To the extent that a lease arrangement includes both lease and non-lease components, the Company has elected not to account for these separately. Lastly, the Company has elected in its accounting policies to utilize a fair value threshold, such that a contract with an ROU asset or lease obligation below a minimum threshold of $7.5 thousand is excluded from the provisions of ASU 2016-02.

Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2019

The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and to the general practices within the banking industry. In management’s opinion, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements, have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or for any other interim periods. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.

Certain amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements of prior periods have been reclassified to conform to current year presentations. The reclassifications had no effect on net income, net income per share, or shareholders’ equity as previously reported.

All dollar amounts included in the tables in these notes are in thousands, except per share data, unless otherwise stated.

Loans

Loans are reported at their recorded investment, which is the outstanding principal balance net of any unearned income and costs, such as deferred fees and costs, charge-offs, and discounts or premiums on acquired or purchased loans. Interest on loans is recognized in earnings over the contractual term of the loan and is calculated using the effective interest method on principal amounts outstanding. Loan fees and certain direct origination costs are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield over the contractual term of the loan, adjusted for early pay-offs or principal curtailments, as applicable.

All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off are reversed against interest income at the time the loans are placed in nonaccrual or charged-off. Any subsequent interest received on these loans is recognized as interest income under the cash basis method of accounting until the loan qualifies for return to accrual status. Generally, a loan is returned to accrual status when all principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured, or the loan becomes well-secured and in the process of collection.

Internal Risk Rating Grades

Loans in the Company’s loan portfolio are risk rated on a periodic basis by experienced credit personnel.

Risk rating categories are as follows:

Pass – Several pass credit grades comprise loans in this category, which are assigned based on varying levels of risk, ranging from credits that are secured by cash or marketable securities, to management attention credits that have all characteristics of an acceptable credit risk but warrant more than the normal level of monitoring.

Special Mention – Adverse trends in the borrower’s financial position are evident and warrant management’s close attention. Any collateral may not be fully adequate to secure the loan balance.

Substandard – A loan in this category has a well-defined weakness in the primary repayment source that jeopardizes the timely collection of the loan. There is a distinct possibility that a loss may result if the weakness is not corrected.

Doubtful – Default has already occurred and it is likely that foreclosure or repossession procedures have begun or will begin in the near future. Weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, based on currently existing information, highly questionable and improbable.

Loss – Uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as an asset is not warranted.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses (“ALL”) reflects management’s judgment of probable loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Management uses a disciplined process and methodology to establish the ALL each quarter-end. To determine the total ALL, the Company estimates the reserves needed for each homogenous type of the loan portfolio, in addition to loans analyzed individually for impairment. Depending on the nature of each loan type, considerations include historical loss experience, adverse situations that may affect a borrower’s ability to repay, credit scores, past due history, estimated value of any underlying collateral, prevailing local and national economic conditions, and internal policies and procedures including credit risk management and underwriting. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as conditions change.

The ALL consists of specific, general, and unallocated components. The specific component is determined by identifying impaired loans (as described below) then evaluating each one individually to calculate the amount of impairment. Impaired loans measured individually for impairment generally include (1) any loan risk rated Special Mention or worse where the borrower has filed for bankruptcy; (2) all loans risk rated Substandard or worse with balances of $400 thousand or more; and (3) all loans classified as a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). For the general component of the ALL, the Company collectively evaluates any loans not evaluated individually for a specific reserve, including impaired loans risk rated Substandard or worse with balances less than $400 thousand. All loans evaluated collectively are grouped into types, and historical loss experience is calculated and applied to each loan type and the resultant reserve is adjusted for qualitative factors. Qualitative factors include changes in local and national economic indicators, such as unemployment rates, interest rates, gross domestic product growth, and real estate market trends; the level of past due and nonaccrual loans; risk ratings on individual loans; strength of credit policies and procedures; loan officer experience; borrower credit scores; and other intrinsic risks related to the types and geographic locations of loans. These qualitative adjustments reflect management’s judgment of risks inherent in the loan types. An unallocated component is maintained, if needed, to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses.

Troubled Debt Restructuring

Troubled Debt Restructurings

For economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial condition, management may grant a concession to a borrower that it would not otherwise consider. In cases where borrowers are experiencing financial difficulties and are granted new terms that provide for a reduction of either interest or principal or an extension of the maturity date at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risks, the related loan is classified as a troubled debt restructuring. Management strives to identify borrowers in financial difficulty early and may work with them to modify their loan(s) to more affordable terms before their loan reaches nonaccrual status. These modified terms may include rate reductions, principal forgiveness, payment forbearance, and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss to the Company and are classified as TDRs.

Leases

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted the requirements of ASU 2016-02. As part of the adoption of this accounting standard, the Company evaluated its population of existing real estate and equipment leases as of January 1, 2019. The purpose was to determine whether the Company’s existing contractual arrangements constitute a lease, or contains an embedded lease, which would be in scope under ASU 2016-02, and whether such leases would meet the requirements of an operating or financing lease under the new accounting standard. Based on this evaluation, the Company identified 16 operating leases for land, buildings, and equipment with remaining lease terms ranging from one to 10 years. Most of the Company’s leases include renewal options, with renewal terms extending the lease obligation up to as much as five years. Lease terms may include renewal or extension options to the extent they are reasonably certain to be exercised as assessed at lease commencement. As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company did not have any leases that met the standard definition of a finance lease nor did it engage in any sale-leaseback transactions, have any short-term leases, or have any sublease income.

For operating leases, ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the respective lease. ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use leased assets over the term of the lease. Lease liabilities represent the Company’s contractual obligation to make lease payments over the lease term and are measured as the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. ROU assets are measured as the amount of the lease liability adjusted for certain items such as prepaid lease payments, unamortized lease incentives, and unamortized direct costs. ROU assets are amortized on a straight-line basis less the periodic interest expense adjustment of the lease liability and the amortization is included in occupancy expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, operating lease expense totaled $233 thousand and $460 thousand, respectively. The discount rate used for the present value calculations for lease liabilities was the rate implicit in the lease if determinable, and when the rate was not determinable, the Company used its incremental, collateralized borrowing rate with the FHLB for the period that most closely coincided with the respective lease term as of the commencement date of the lease.

As part of the implementation of ASU 2016-02, the Company elected the following practical expedients. The Company elected to retain the operating lease classification for all of its existing leases as of January 1, 2019 under the former lease accounting standard. The Company elected not to reassess whether existing leases contained embedded lease arrangements or whether there were initial directs costs that should have been considered as part of the transition to ASU 2016-02. The Company also elected not to recognize an ROU asset and lease obligation for contracts with an initial term of twelve months or less. The expense associated with these short-term leases is included in noninterest expense in the consolidated statements of operations. To the extent that a lease arrangement includes both lease and non-lease components, the Company has elected not to account for these separately. Lastly, the Company has elected in its accounting policies to utilize a fair value threshold, such that a contract with an ROU asset or lease obligation below a minimum threshold of $7.5 thousand is excluded from the provisions of ASU 2016-02.

- Definition

Disclosure of accounting policy for finance, loan and lease receivables, including those held for investment and those held for sale. This disclosure may include (1) the basis at which such receivables are carried in the entity's statements of financial position (2) how the level of the allowance for loan and lease losses is determined (3) when impairments, charge-offs or recoveries are recognized for such receivables (4) the treatment of origination fees and costs, including the amortization method for net deferred fees or costs (5) the treatment of any premiums or discounts or unearned income (6) the entity's income recognition (revenues, expenses and gains and losses arising from committing to issue, issuing, granting, collecting, terminating, modifying and holding loans) policies for such receivables, including those that are impaired, past due or placed on nonaccrual status and (7) the treatment of foreclosures or repossessions.

+ References + Details