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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
NOTE
2:
                
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
 
The Company
’s accounts include those of all its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in conformity with (i) accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; and (ii) the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
ESTIMATES IN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and footnotes thereto.
  Significant estimates incorporated in our financial statements include the recorded allowance for doubtful accounts, the estimate of the appropriate amortization period of our intangible assets, the evaluation of whether our intangible assets have suffered any impairment, the allocation of revenues under multiple-element customer contracts, royalty-based patent liabilities, the value of derivatives associated with debt issued by the Company and the valuation of any corresponding discount to the issuance of our debt.  Actual results
may
differ from those estimates.
 
RECLASSIFICATIONS
 
Certain reclassifications have been made in the
2015
financial statements to conform to the
2016
presentation.  These reclassifications did not have any effect on our net income/(loss) or shareholders’ (deficit).
 
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION
 
The financial statements of the Company
’s foreign subsidiaries are translated in accordance with ASC
830
-
30,
Foreign Currency Matters—Translation of Financial Statements
. The reporting currency for the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries, OmniComm Europe GmbH in Germany, OmniComm Spain S.L. in Spain and OmniComm Systems B.V. in the Netherlands is the Euro. The functional currency of the Company's subsidiary, OmniComm Ltd. in the United Kingdom is the British Pound Sterling. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate in effect at each balance sheet date. Revenue and expense accounts of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated using an average rate of exchange during the period. Foreign currency translation adjustments are accumulated as a component of other comprehensive income/(loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in foreign currencies are primarily related to intercompany accounts that have been determined to be temporary in nature and accordingly, are recorded directly to the statement of operations.  We record translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders’ equity. We recorded a translation loss of
$44,150
for the year ended
December
31,
2016
and a translation loss of
$122,528
for the year ended
December
31,
2015.
 
REVENUE RECOGNITION POLICY
 
The Company derives revenues from software licenses and services of its EDC products and services which can be purchased on a stand-alone basis. License revenues are derived principally from the sale of term licenses for the following software products offered by the Company:
TrialMaster, TrialOne
, Promasys
and
eClinical Suite (
the
“EDC Software”).
Service revenues are derived principally from the Company's delivery of the hosted solutions of its
TrialMaster
and
eClinical Suite
software products, and consulting services and customer support, including training, for all of the Company's products.
 
The Company recognizes revenues when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
(1)
 there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement;
(2)
 the product or service has been provided to the customer;
(3)
 the collection of fees is probable; and
(4)
 the amount of fees to be paid by the customer is fixed or determinable.
 
The Company operates in
one
reportable segment which is the delivery of EDC Software and services to clinical trial sponsors.
  The Company segregates its revenues based on the activity cycle used to generate its revenues.  Accordingly, revenues are currently generated through
four
main activities. These activities include hosted applications, licensing, professional services and maintenance-related services.
 
Hosted Application Revenues
 
The Company offers its
TrialMaster
and
eClinical Suite
software products as hosted application solutions delivered through a standard web-browser, with customer support and training services. 
 
Revenues resulting from
TrialMaster
and
eClinical Suite
application hosting services consist of
three
components of services for each clinical trial: the
first
component is comprised of application set up, including design of electronic case report forms and edit checks, installation and server configuration of the system.  The
second
component involves application hosting and related support services as well as billable change orders which consist of amounts billed to customers for functionality changes made. The
third
stage involves services required to close out, or lock, the database for the clinical trial.
 
Fees charged and costs incurred for the trial system design, set up and implementation are amortized and recognized ratably over the estimated hosting period.
  Work performed outside the original scope of work is contracted for separately as an additional fee and is generally recognized ratably over the remaining term of the hosting period. Fees for the
first
and
third
stages of the service are billed based upon milestones.  Revenues earned upon completion of a contractual milestone are deferred and recognized over the estimated remaining hosting period.   Fees for application hosting and related services in the
second
stage are generally billed quarterly in advance.  Revenues resulting from hosting services for the
eClinical Suite
products consist of installation and server configuration, application hosting and related support services. Services for this offering are generally charged as a fixed fee payable on a quarterly or annual basis. Revenues are recognized ratably over the period of the service.
 
Licensing Revenues
 
The Company's software license revenues are earned from the sale of off-the-shelf software.
  From time-to-time a client might require significant modification or customization subsequent to delivery to the customer.  The Company generally enters into software term licenses for its EDC Software products with its customers for
3
to
5
 year periods, although customers have entered into both longer and shorter term license agreements.  These arrangements typically include multiple elements: software license, consulting services and customer support. The Company bills its customers in accordance with the terms of the underlying contract. Generally, the Company bills license fees in advance for each billing cycle of the license term which typically is either on a quarterly or annual basis. Payment terms are generally net
30
or net
45
 days.
 
In the past the Company has sold perpetual licenses for EDC Software products in certain situations to existing customers with the option to purchase customer support, and
may
in the future do so for new customers based on customer requirements or market conditions. The Company has established vendor specific objective evidence of fair value for the customer support. Accordingly, license revenues are recognized upon delivery of the software and when all other revenue recognition criteria are met. Customer support revenues are recognized ratably over the term of the underlying support arrangement.
  The Company generates customer support and maintenance revenues from its perpetual license customer base.
 
Professional Services
 
The Company
may
also enter into arrangements to provide consulting services separate from a license arrangement. In these situations, revenue is recognized on a time-and-materials basis. Professional services can be deemed to be as essential to the functionality of the software at inception and typically are for initial trial configuration, implementation planning, loading of software, building simple interfaces and running test data and documentation of procedures.
  Subsequent additions or extensions to license terms do not generally include additional professional services.
 
Maintenance Revenues
 
Maintenance includes telephone-based help desk support and software maintenance. The Company generally bundles customer support with the software license for the entire term of the arrangement. As a result, the Company generally recognizes revenues for both maintenance and software licenses ratably over the term of the software license and support arrangement. The Company allocates the revenues recognized for these arrangements to the different elements based on management's estimate of the relative fair value of each element.
  The Company generally invoices each of the elements based on separately quoted amounts and thus has a fairly accurate estimate of the relative fair values of each of the invoiced revenue elements.
 
The fees associated with each business activity for the years ended
December
31,
2016
and
December
31,
2015,
respectively are:
 
   
For the year ended
 
Revenue activity
 
December 31, 2016
   
December 31, 2015
 
Set-up fees
  $
6,658,987
    $
6,649,762
 
Change orders
   
1,212,153
     
846,464
 
Maintenance
   
4,803,171
     
5,107,764
 
Software licenses
   
7,885,023
     
3,975,549
 
Professional services
   
3,843,641
     
3,145,883
 
Hosting
   
1,016,535
     
985,415
 
Total
  $
25,419,510
    $
20,710,837
 
 
 
COST OF GOODS SOLD
 
Cost of goods sold primarily consists of costs related to hosting, maintaining and supporting the Company
’s application suite and delivering professional services and support. These costs include salaries, benefits, bonuses and stock-based compensation for the Company’s professional services staff. Cost of goods sold also includes outside service provider costs
.  
Cost of goods sold is expensed as incurred.
 
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
 
Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid, short-term investments with maturities of
90
days or less.
  The carrying amount reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximates fair value.
 
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
 
Accounts receivable are judged as to collectability by management and an allowance for bad debts is established as necessary. The allowance is based on an evaluation of the collectability of accounts receivable and prior bad debt experience.
  The Company had recorded an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable of
$179,813
as of
December
31,
2016
and
$116,834
as of
December
31,
2015.
 
The following table summarizes activity in the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts for the years presented.
 
   
December 31, 2016
   
December 31, 2015
 
Beginning of period
  $
116,834
    $
186,085
 
Bad debt expense
   
132,767
     
14,939
 
Write-offs
   
(69,788
)    
(84,190
)
End of period
  $
179,813
    $
116,834
 
 
CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are deposited with major financial institutions and, at times, such balances with any
one
financial institution
may
be in excess of FDIC-insured limits. As of
December
31,
2016,
$1,237,118
was deposited in excess of FDIC-insured limits.  Management believes the risk in these situations to be minimal.
 
Except as follows, the
Company has no significant off balance sheet risk or credit risk concentrations. Financial instruments that subject the Company to potential credit risks are principally cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Concentrated credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited to creditworthy customers. The Company's customers are principally located in the United States, Europe and East Asia.   The Company is directly affected by the overall financial condition of the pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device industries and management believes that credit risk exists and that any credit risk the Company faces has been adequately reserved for as of
December
31,
2016.
  The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based on accounts past due according to contractual terms and historical collection experience. Actual losses when incurred are charged to the allowance. The Company's losses related to collection of accounts receivable have consistently been within management's expectations.  As of
December
31,
2016,
the Company believes no additional credit risk exists beyond the amounts provided for in our allowance for uncollectible accounts.  The Company evaluates its allowance for uncollectable accounts on a monthly basis based on a specific review of receivable aging and the period that any receivables are beyond the standard payment terms. The Company does not require collateral from its customers in order to mitigate credit risk.
 
One customer accounted
for
16%
of our revenue during the year ended
December
31,
2016
or approximately
$4,167,000,
respectively. One customer accounted for
16%
of our revenues during the year ended
December
31,
2015
or approximately
$3,237,000.
  The following table summarizes the number of customers who individually comprise greater than
10%
of total revenue and/or total accounts receivable and their aggregate percentage of the Company's total revenue and gross accounts receivable for the years presented.
 
Two customers each individually accounted for approximately
11%
of our accounts receivables as of
December
31,
2016.
  One customer accounted for approximately
16%
of our accounts receivable as of
December
31,
2015.
 
   
Revenues
   
Accounts receivable
 
For the year ended
 
Number of customers
   
Percentage of
total revenues
   
Number of customers
   
Percentage of
accounts receivable
 
December 31, 2016
   
1
     
16%
     
2
     
21%
 
December 31, 2015
   
1
     
16%
     
3
     
42%
 
 
The table below provides revenues from European customers for the years ended
December
31,
2016
and
December
31,
2015,
respectively.
 
European revenues
 
For the year ended
 
December 31, 2016
   
December 31, 2015
 
European revenues
   
% of Total revenues
   
European revenues
   
% of Total revenues
 
$ 2,702,660      
11%
    $
2,150,096
     
10%
 
 
The Company serves all of its hosting customers from
third
-party web hosting facilities located in the United States. The Company does not control the operation of these facilities, and they are vulnerable to damage or interruption. The Company maintains redundant systems that can be used to provide service in the event the
third
-party web hosting facilities become unavailable, although in such circumstances, the Company's service
may
be interrupted during the transition.
 
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
 
Property and equipment are recorded at cost.
  Additions and betterments are capitalized; maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.  Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life, which is
5
years for leasehold improvements, computers, equipment and furniture and
3
years for software.  Gains or losses on disposal are charged to operations.
 
ASSET IMPAIRMENT
 
Acquisitions and Intangible Assets
 
We account for acquisitions in accordance with ASC
805,
Business Combinations
(“ASC
805”)
and ASC
350,
Intangibles- Goodwill and Other
(“ASC
350”).
The acquisition method of accounting requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their fair values on the date of a business acquisition. Our consolidated financial statements and results of operations reflect an acquired business from the completion date of an acquisition.
 
The judgments that we make in determining the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, can materially impact net income in periods following an asset acquisition. We generally use either the income, cost or market approach to aid in our conclusions of such fair values and asset lives. The income approach presumes that the value of an asset can be estimated by the net economic benefit to be received over the life of the asset, discounted to present value. The cost approach presumes that an investor would pay no more for an asset than its replacement or reproduction cost. The market approach estimates value based on what other participants in the market have paid for reasonably similar assets. Although each valuation approach is considered in valuing the assets acquired, the approach ultimately selected is based on the characteristics of the asset and the availability of information.
 
Long-lived Assets
 
We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts
may
not be recoverable. Determining whether an impairment has occurred typically requires various estimates and assumptions, including determining which cash flows are directly related to the potentially impaired asset, the useful life over which cash flows will occur, their amount and the asset
’s residual value, if any. In turn, measurement of an impairment loss requires a determination of fair value, which is based on the best information available. We use quoted market prices when available and independent appraisals and management estimates of future operating cash flows, as appropriate, to determine fair value.
 
DEFERRED REVENUE
 
Deferred revenue represents cash advances received in excess of revenue earned on on-going contracts.
  Payment terms vary with each contract but
may
include an initial payment at the time the contract is executed, with future payments dependent upon the completion of certain contract phases or targeted milestones.  In the event of contract cancellation, the Company is generally entitled to payment for all work performed through the point of cancellation.  As of
December
31,
2016,
the Company had
$9,539,230
in deferred revenues relating to contracts for services to be performed over periods ranging from
1
month to
5
years.  The Company had
$7,250,061
in deferred revenues that are expected to be recognized in the next
twelve
fiscal months.
 
ADVERTISING
 
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.
  Advertising costs were
$712,179
for the year ended
December
31,
2016
and
$635,267
for the year ended
December
31,
2015
 and are included under selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated financial statements.
 
RESEARCH AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES
 
Software development costs are included in research and product development
and are expensed as incurred.  
ASC
985.20,
Software Industry Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased or Marketed
, requires the capitalization of certain development costs of software to be sold once technological feasibility is established, which the Company defines as completion to the point of marketability.  The capitalized cost is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated product life.  To date, the period between achieving technological feasibility and the general availability of such software has been short and software development costs qualifying for capitalization have been immaterial.  Accordingly, the Company has not capitalized any software development costs under ASC
985.20.
  During the year ended
December
31,
2016
we spent approximately
$2,598,962
and during the year ended
December
31,
2015
we spent approximately
$2,639,577,
on
research and product development
activities, which include costs associated with the development of our software products and services for our client’s projects and which are primarily comprised of salaries and related expenses for our software developers and consulting fees paid to
third
-party consultants.  R
esearch and product development
costs are primarily included under Salaries, benefits and related taxes in our Statement of Operations.
 
EMPLOYEE EQUITY INCENTIVE PLANS
 
The OmniComm Systems, Inc.
2016
Equity Incentive Plan (the 
“2016
 Plan”) was approved at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on
June
16,
2016.
  The
2016
Plan provides for the issuance of up to
10,000,000
shares of our common stock. In addition, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the
2016
Plan shall automatically increase on
January
1st
of each year for a period of
nine
(9)
years commencing on
January
1,
2017
and ending on (and including)
January
1,
2025,
in an amount equal to
five
percent
(5%)
of the total number of shares authorized under the
2016
Plan.
The predecessor plan, the OmniComm Systems, Inc.
2009
Equity Incentive Plan (the
“2009
Plan”) was approved at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on
July
10,
2009
and terminated on
June
16,
2016
upon the approval of the
2016
Plan. 
The
2009
Plan provided for the issuance of up to
7.5
million shares to employees, directors and key consultants in accordance with the terms of the
2009
Plan documents.  
Each plan is more fully described in “Note
13,
Employee Equity Incentive Plans.”  The Company accounts for its employee equity incentive plans under
ASC
718,
Compensation – Stock Compensation
which addresses the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, with a primary focus on transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions.
 
ASC
718
requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company
’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company currently uses the Black Scholes option pricing model to determine grant date fair value.
 
EARNINGS/(LOSS)
 PER SHARE
 
The Company accounts for Earnings/(loss) Per Share using ASC
260
– Earnings per Share.  Unlike diluted earnings per share, basic earnings per share excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants, and convertible securities.
 
INCOME TAXES
 
The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with 
ASC
740,
Income Taxes.
  ASC
740
has as its basic objective the recognition of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities based upon all events that have been recognized in the financial statements as measured by the provisions of the enacted tax laws
 
Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the estimated amount to be realized.
  Income tax expense represents the tax payable for the current period and the change during the period in the deferred tax assets and liabilities.
 
IMPACT OF NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
 
During fiscal
2016,
we adopted the following new accounting pronouncements:
 
In
February
2016,
the FASB issued accounting standard update (“
ASU”) No.
2016
-
02,
“Leases (Topic
842)”
, (“ASU
2016
-
02”).
This ASU requires that an entity should recognize assets and liabilities for leases with a maximum possible term of more than
12
months. A lessee would recognize a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the leased asset (the underlying asset) for the lease term. This guidance also provides accounting updates with respect to lessor accounting under a lease arrangement. This new lease guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after
December
15,
2019.
Entities have the option of using either a full retrospective or a modified approach (cumulative effect adjustment in period of adoption) to adopt the new guidance. Early adoption is permitted for all entities. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance in our consolidated financial statements.
 
In
March
2016,
the FASB issued
ASU No.
2016
-
09,
“Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic
718)”,
(“ASU
2016
-
09”).
This
guidance which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, and statutory tax withholding requirements, as well as classification in the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after
December
15,
2016,
including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the full impact of the new standard.
 
In
March
2016,
April
2016,
and
December
2016,
the FASB issued ASU
2016
-
08,
"
Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net)
", (“ASU
2016
-
08”),
ASU
2016
-
10,
"
Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing
", (“ASU
2016
-
10”),
and ASU 
2016
-
20,
 "
Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic
606,
Revenue from Contracts with Customers"
, (“ASU
2016
-
20”)
 respectively, which further clarify the guidance for those specific topics within ASU
2014
-
09.
In
May
2016,
the FASB issued ASU
2016
-
12,
"
Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients
", to reduce the risk of diversity in practice for certain aspects in ASU
2014
-
09,
including collectability, noncash consideration, presentation of sales tax and transition. These updates permit the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. Early application is permitted as of the original effective date for annual reporting periods beginning after
December
15,
2016,
including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Based on current estimates, we do not expect these provisions of the ASUs to have a material impact on our financial statements. The Company is continuing to evaluate which transition approach it will utilize and the impact these standards will have on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.
 
Accounting standards-setting organizations frequently issue new or revised accounting rules. We regularly
 review all new pronouncements to determine their impact, if any, on our financial statements.