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Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
NOTE 2:                SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

The Company’s accounts include those of all its wholly-owned subsidiaries, which are more fully described in the Company’s 2012 Annual Report filed on Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and have been prepared in conformity with (i) accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; and (ii) the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.  All significant intercompany accounts and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated in consolidation.

UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Pursuant to such rules and regulations, certain financial information and footnote disclosures normally included in the consolidated financial statements have been condensed or omitted. The results for the periods indicated are unaudited, but reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normally recurring adjustments) which management considers necessary for a fair presentation of operating results.

The operating results for the three month period ended March 31, 2013 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year-ended December 31, 2013. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2012.

ESTIMATES IN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and footnotes thereto.  Significant estimates incorporated in our financial statements include the recorded allowance for doubtful accounts, the estimate of the appropriate amortization period of our intangible assets, the evaluation of whether our intangible assets have suffered any impairment, the allocation of revenues under multiple-element customer contracts, royalty-based patent liabilities, the value of derivatives associated with debt issued by the Company and the valuation of any corresponding discount to the issuance of our debt.  Actual results may differ from those estimates.

RECLASSIFICATIONS

Certain reclassifications have been made in the 2012 financial statements to conform to the 2013 presentation.  These reclassifications did not have any effect on our net loss or shareholders’ deficit.

FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated in accordance with ASC 830-30, Foreign Currency Matters—Translation of Financial Statements. The reporting currency for the Company is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiaries, OmniComm Europe GmbH in Germany and OmniComm Spain S.L. in Spain is the Euro. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiary OmniComm Ltd., in the United Kingdom, is the British Pound Sterling. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rate in effect at each balance sheet date. Revenue and expense accounts of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are translated using an average rate of exchange during the period. Foreign currency translation adjustments are accumulated as a component of other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in foreign currencies are primarily related to intercompany accounts that have been determined to be temporary in nature and accordingly, are recorded directly to the statement of operations.  We record translation gains and losses in accumulated other comprehensive income as a component of stockholders’ equity. We recorded a translation loss of $15,513 and a translation gain of $1,222 for the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012 respectively.

REVENUE RECOGNITION POLICY

The Company derives revenues from software licenses and services of its EDC products and services which can be purchased on a stand-alone basis. License revenues are derived principally from the sale of term licenses for the following software products offered by the Company: TrialMaster, TrialOne and eClinical Suite (the “EDC Software”). Service revenues are derived principally from the Company's delivery of the hosted solutions of its TrialMaster and eClinical Suite software products, and consulting services and customer support, including training, for all of the Company's products.

The Company recognizes revenues when all of the following conditions are satisfied: (1) there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement; (2) the product or service has been provided to the customer; (3) the collection of fees is probable; and (4) the amount of fees to be paid by the customer is fixed or determinable.

The Company operates in one reportable segment which is the delivery of EDC Software and services to clinical trial sponsors.  The Company segregates its revenues based on the activity cycle used to generate its revenues.  Accordingly, revenues are currently generated through four main activities. These activities include hosted applications, licensing, professional services and maintenance-related services.

Hosted Application Revenues

The Company offers its TrialMaster and eClinical Suite software products as hosted application solutions delivered through a standard Web-browser, with customer support and training services. The Company's TrialOne solution is presently available only on a licensed basis. To date, hosted applications revenues have been primarily related to TrialMaster.

Revenues resulting from TrialMaster and eClinical Suite application hosting services consist of three components of services for each clinical trial: the first component is comprised of application set up, including design of electronic case report forms and edit checks, installation and server configuration of the system.  The second component involves application hosting and related support services as well as billable change orders which consist of amounts billed to customers for functionality changes made. The third stage involves services required to close out, or lock, the database for the clinical trial.

Fees charged and costs incurred for the trial system design, set up and implementation are amortized and recognized ratably over the estimated hosting period.  Work performed outside the original scope of work is contracted for separately as an additional fee and is generally recognized ratably over the remaining term of the hosting period. Fees for the first and third stages of the service are billed based upon milestones.  Revenues earned upon completion of a contractual milestone are deferred and recognized over the estimated remaining hosting period.   Fees for application hosting and related services in the second stage are generally billed quarterly in advance.  Revenues resulting from hosting services for the eClinical Suite products consist of installation and server configuration, application hosting and related support services. Services for this offering are generally charged as a fixed fee payable on a quarterly or annual basis. Revenues are recognized ratably over the period of the service.

Licensing Revenues

The Company's software license revenues are earned from the sale of off-the-shelf software.  From time-to-time a client might require significant modification or customization subsequent to delivery to the customer.  The Company generally enters into software term licenses for its EDC Software products with its customers for three to five year periods, although customers have entered into both longer and shorter term license agreements.  These arrangements typically include multiple elements: software license, consulting services and customer support. The Company bills its customers in accordance with the terms of the underlying contract. Generally, the Company bills license fees in advance for each billing cycle of the license term, which typically is either on a quarterly or annual basis. Payment terms are generally net 30 days.

In the past the Company has sold perpetual licenses for EDC Software products in certain situations to existing customers with the option to purchase customer support, and may, in the future, do so for new customers based on customer requirements or market conditions. The Company has established vendor specific objective evidence of fair value for the customer support. Accordingly, license revenues are recognized upon delivery of the software and when all other revenue recognition criteria are met. Customer support revenues are recognized ratably over the term of the underlying support arrangement.  The Company generates customer support and maintenance revenues from its perpetual license customer base.

Professional Services

The Company may also enter into arrangements to provide consulting services separate from a license arrangement. In these situations, revenue is recognized on a time-and-materials basis. Professional services can be deemed to be as essential to the functionality of the software at inception and typically are for initial trial configuration, implementation planning, loading of software, building simple interfaces and running test data and documentation of procedures.  Subsequent additions or extensions to license terms do not generally include additional professional services.

Pass-through Revenue and Expense

The Company accounts for pass-through revenue and expense in accordance with ASC 605-45, Principal Agent Considerations. In accordance with ASC 605-45, Principal Agent Consideration, these amounts are recorded as revenue in the statement of operations with a corresponding expense recorded in cost of goods sold.  Pass-through revenues and expenses include amounts associated with third-party services provided to our customers by our service and product partners.  These third-party services are primarily comprised of Interactive Voice and Web Response software services (IVR and IWR), travel and shipping that are incurred on our clients’ behalf.

Maintenance Revenues

Maintenance includes telephone-based help desk support and software maintenance. The Company generally bundles customer support with the software license for the entire term of the arrangement. As a result, the Company generally recognizes revenues for both maintenance and software licenses ratably over the term of the software license and support arrangement. The Company allocates the revenues recognized for these arrangements to the different elements based on management's estimate of the relative fair value of each element.  The Company generally invoices each of the elements based on separately quoted amounts and thus has a fairly accurate estimate of the relative fair values of each of the invoiced revenue elements.

The fees associated with each business activity for the periods ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively are:

   
For the three months ended
 
Revenue activity
 
March 31, 2013
   
March 31, 2012
 
Set-up fees
  $ 817,190     $ 1,148,177  
Change orders
    94,782       91,756  
Maintenance
    1,207,843       1,315,647  
Software licenses
    961,153       767,082  
Professional services
    491,715       285,157  
Hosting
    176,140       161,675  
Total
  $ 3,748,823     $ 3,769,494  

COST OF REVENUES

Cost of revenues primarily consists of costs related to hosting, maintaining and supporting the Company’s application suite and delivering professional services and support. These costs include salaries, benefits, bonuses and stock-based compensation for the Company’s professional services staff. Cost of revenues also includes outside service provider costs.  Cost of revenues is expensed as incurred.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid, short-term investments with maturities of 90 days or less.  The carrying amount reported in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets approximates fair value.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts receivable are judged as to collectability by management and an allowance for bad debts is established as necessary. The allowance is based on an evaluation of the collectability of accounts receivable and prior bad debt experience.  The Company had recorded an allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable of $143,330 as of March 31, 2013 and $84,210 as of December 31, 2012, respectively.

The following table summarizes activity in the Company's allowance for doubtful accounts for the periods presented.

   
March 31, 2013
   
December 31, 2012
 
Beginning of period
  $ 84,210     $ 142,444  
Bad debt expense
    89,120       (58,234 )
Write-offs
    (30,000 )     -0-  
End of period
  $ 143,330     $ 84,210  

CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are deposited with major financial institutions and, at times, such balances with any one financial institution may be in excess of FDIC-insured limits. As of March 31, 2013, no funds were deposited in excess of FDIC-insured limits.  Management believes the risk in these situations to be minimal.

Except as follows, the Company has no significant off-balance-sheet risk or credit risk concentrations. Financial instruments that subject the Company to potential credit risks are principally cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Concentrated credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited to creditworthy customers. The Company's customers are principally located in the United States and Europe.   The Company is directly affected by the overall financial condition of the pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device industries and management believes that credit risk exists and that any credit risk the Company faces has been adequately reserved for as of March 31, 2013.  The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts based on accounts past due according to contractual terms and historical collection experience. Actual losses when incurred are charged to the allowance. The Company's losses related to collection of accounts receivable have consistently been within management's expectations.  As of March 31, 2013, the Company believes no additional credit risk exists beyond the amounts provided for in our allowance for uncollectible accounts.  The Company evaluates its allowance for uncollectable accounts on a monthly basis based on a specific review of receivable agings and the period that any receivables are beyond the standard payment terms. The Company does not require collateral from its customers in order to mitigate credit risk.

One customer accounted for 11% of our revenues during the three month period ended March 31, 2013 or approximately $415,055. One customer accounted for 17% of our revenues during the three month period ended March 31, 2012 or approximately $635,000 and another customer accounted for 16% or approximately $602,879.  The following table summarizes the number of customers who individually comprise greater than 10% of total revenue and/or total accounts receivable and their aggregate percentage of the Company's total revenue and gross accounts receivable for the periods presented.

   
Revenues
 
For the three month period ended
 
Number of customers
   
Percentage of total revenues
 
March 31, 2013
    1       11%  
March 31, 2012
    2       33%  

   
Accounts receivable
 
For the period ended
 
Number of customers
   
Percentage of accounts receivable
 
March 31, 2013
    3       65%  
December 31, 2012
    3       54%  
March 31, 2012
    3       49%  

The table below provides revenues from European customers for the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively.

European revenues
For the three months ended
March 31, 2013
March 31, 2012
 
European revenues
   
% of Total revenues
   
European revenues
   
% of Total revenues
 
$ 362,941       10 %   $ 352,738       9 %

The Company serves all of its hosting customers from third-party web hosting facilities located in the United States. The Company does not control the operation of these facilities, and they are vulnerable to damage or interruption. The Company maintains redundant systems that can be used to provide service in the event the third-party web hosting facilities become unavailable, although in such circumstances, the Company's service may be interrupted during the transition.

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment are recorded at cost.  Additions and betterments are capitalized; maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.  Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life, which is 5 years for leasehold improvements, computers, equipment and furniture and 3 years for software.  Gains or losses on disposal are charged to operations.

ASSET IMPAIRMENT

Acquisitions and Intangible Assets

We account for acquisitions in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations (“ASC 805”) and ASC 350, Intangibles- Goodwill and Other (“ASC 350”). The acquisition method of accounting requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their fair values on the date of a business acquisition. Our consolidated financial statements and results of operations reflect an acquired business from the completion date of an acquisition.

The judgments that we make in determining the estimated fair value assigned to each class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as well as asset lives, can materially impact net income in periods following an asset acquisition. We generally use either the income, cost or market approach to aid in our conclusions of such fair values and asset lives. The income approach presumes that the value of an asset can be estimated by the net economic benefit to be received over the life of the asset, discounted to present value. The cost approach presumes that an investor would pay no more for an asset than its replacement or reproduction cost. The market approach estimates value based on what other participants in the market have paid for reasonably similar assets. Although each valuation approach is considered in valuing the assets acquired, the approach ultimately selected is based on the characteristics of the asset and the availability of information.

Long-lived Assets

We review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Determining whether an impairment has occurred typically requires various estimates and assumptions, including determining which cash flows are directly related to the potentially impaired asset, the useful life over which cash flows will occur, their amount and the asset’s residual value, if any. In turn, measurement of an impairment loss requires a determination of fair value, which is based on the best information available. We use quoted market prices when available and independent appraisals and management estimates of future operating cash flows, as appropriate, to determine fair value.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

OmniComm’s capital structure includes the use of warrants and convertible debt features that are classified as derivative financial instruments.  Derivative financial instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities and are measured at fair value under ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging. ASC 815 requires that changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments with no hedging designation be recognized as gains/(losses) in the earnings statement.  The fair value measurement is determined in accordance with ASC 820 Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.

DEFERRED REVENUE

Deferred revenue represents cash advances and amounts in accounts receivable as of the balance sheet date received in excess of revenue earned on on-going contracts.  Payment terms vary with each contract but may include an initial payment at the time the contract is executed, with future payments dependent upon the completion of certain contract phases or targeted milestones.  In the event of contract cancellation, the Company is generally entitled to payment for all work performed through the point of cancellation.  As of March 31, 2013, the Company had $4,839,945 in deferred revenues relating to contracts for services to be performed over periods ranging from one month to five years.  The Company had $3,891,578 in deferred revenues that are expected to be recognized in the next twelve fiscal months.

ADVERTISING

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.  Advertising costs were $57,442 and $74,489 for the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012, respectively and are included under selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated financial statements.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES

Software development costs are included in research and development and are expensed as incurred.  ASC 985.20, Software Industry Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased or Marketed, requires the capitalization of certain development costs of software to be sold once technological feasibility is established, which the Company defines as completion to the point of marketability.  The capitalized cost is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated product life.  To date, the period between achieving technological feasibility and the general availability of such software has been short and software development costs qualifying for capitalization have been immaterial.  Accordingly, the Company has not capitalized any software development costs under ASC 985.20.  During the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and March 31, 2012 we spent approximately $585,946 and $560,404 respectively, on research and development activities, which include costs associated with the development of our software products and services for our clients’ projects and which are primarily comprised of salaries and related expenses for our software developers and consulting fees paid to third-party consultants.  Research and development costs are primarily included under Salaries, benefits and related taxes in our Statement of Operations.

EMPLOYEE EQUITY INCENTIVE PLANS

The OmniComm Systems, Inc. 2009 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2009 Plan”) was approved at our Annual Meeting of Shareholders on July 10, 2009.  The 2009 Plan provides for the issuance of up to 7,500,000 shares to employees, directors and key consultants in accordance with the terms of the 2009 Plan documents.  The predecessor plan, the OmniComm Systems, Inc., 1998 Stock Incentive Plan (the “1998 Plan”) expired on December 31, 2008.  The 1998 Plan provided for the issuance of up to 12,500,000 shares in accordance with the terms of the 1998 Plan document.  Each plan is more fully described in “Note 14, Employee Equity Incentive Plans.”  The Company accounts for its employee equity incentive plans under ASC 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation which addresses the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, with a primary focus on transactions in which an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions.

ASC 718 requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The Company currently uses the Black Scholes option pricing model to determine grant date fair value.

EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company accounts for Earnings per Share using ASC 260 – Earnings per Share.  Unlike diluted earnings per share, basic earnings per share excludes any dilutive effects of options, warrants, and convertible securities.

INCOME TAXES

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, Income Taxes.  ASC 740 has as its basic objective the recognition of current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities based upon all events that have been recognized in the financial statements as measured by the provisions of the enacted tax laws.

Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the estimated amount to be realized.  Income tax expense represents the tax payable for the current period and the change during the period in the deferred tax assets and liabilities.

IMPACT OF NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

During the first three months of 2013, we adopted the following new accounting pronouncements:

In July 2012, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2012-02, Balance Sheet- Intangibles- Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment (“ASU 2012-02”). ASU 2012-002 is an Amendment to FASB Accounting Standards Update 2011-08. The objective of the amendments in this Update is to reduce the cost and complexity of performing an impairment test for indefinite-lived intangible assets by simplifying how an entity tests those assets for impairment and to improve consistency in impairment testing guidance among long-lived asset categories. The amendments permit an entity first to assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that an indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative impairment test in accordance with Subtopic 350-30, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—General Intangibles Other than Goodwill. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. The amendments are effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. The Company adopted ASU 2012-02 on January 1, 2013, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In February 2013, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2013-02, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) (“ASU 2013-02”).  ASU 2013-002 provides guidance on the presentation of amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income. This update requires an entity to provide information about the amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income by component. In addition, an entity is required to present, either on the face of the income statement or in the notes, significant amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income by the net income line item. The Company adopted ASU 2013-02 as of January 1, 2013, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Accounting standards-setting organizations frequently issue new or revised accounting rules. We regularly review all new pronouncements to determine their impact, if any, on our financial statements.