8. Equity Compensation Plans and Equity

Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plans

We have several stock option and restricted stock plans. In connection with our acquisition of Synos Technology, Inc. on October 1, 2013, the Board of Directors granted equity awards to the Synos employees. Pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rules, the equity awards were granted under our 2013 Inducement Stock Incentive Plan (the “Inducement Plan”), which the Board of Directors adopted to facilitate the granting of equity awards as an inducement to these employees to commence employment with us. We issued 124,500 stock options and 87,000 restricted stock units under this plan. The stock options will vest over a three year period and have a 10-year term and the restricted stock units will vest over a two or four year period. As of December 31, 2013, the Inducement Plan was effectively merged into the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended to date, the “2010 Plan”), and is therefore considered an inactive plan with no further shares available for future grant. As of December 31, 2013, there are 124,500 options outstanding under the Inducement Plan.

On April 1, 2010, our Board of Directors, and on May 14, 2010, our shareholders, approved the 2010 Plan. The 2010 Plan replaced the 2000 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2000 Plan”), as the Company’s active stock plan. Our employees, directors and consultants are eligible to receive awards under the 2010 Plan. The 2010 Plan permits the granting of a variety of awards, including both non-qualified and incentive stock options, share appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units and dividend equivalent rights. We are authorized to issue up to 6,750,000 shares under the 2010 Plan, including an additional 3,250,000 shares (including up to 2,995,000 shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the 2010 Plan and up to 255,000 shares underlying awards granted under the Inducement Plan) that were approved by the shareholders on December 10, 2013. Option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the closing price of our stock on the trading day prior to the date of grant; those option awards generally vest over a 3 year period and have a 7 or 10-year term. Restricted share awards generally vest over 1-5 years. Certain option and share awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control, as defined in the 2010 Plan. As of December 31, 2013, there are 1,746,092 options outstanding under the 2010 Plan.

The 2000 Plan was approved by our Board of Directors and shareholders in May 2000. The 2000 Plan provides for the grant to officers and key employees of stock awards, either in the form of options to purchase shares of our common stock or restricted stock awards. Stock awards granted pursuant to the 2000 Plan expire after seven years and generally vest over a two-year to five-year period following the grant date. In addition, the 2000 Plan provides for automatic annual grants of restricted stock to each member of our Board of Directors who is not an employee. As of December 31, 2013, there are 727,552 options outstanding under the 2000 Plan.

Equity-Based Compensation Expense, Stock Option and Restricted Stock Activity

Equity-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as expense over the employee requisite service period. We recorded equity compensation expense of $13.1 million, $14.3 million and $12.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We did not capitalize any equity compensation in the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011.

During the year ended December 31, 2011, we discontinued our CIGS solar systems business and as a result the equity-based compensation expense related to each CIGS solar systems business employee has been classified as discontinued operations in determining the consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2011. For the year ended December 31, 2011 discontinued operations included compensation expense of $0.7 million.

As of December 31, 2013, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested stock awards and option awards expected to vest is $33.2 million and $12.3 million, respectively, and the related weighted average period over which it is expected that such unrecognized compensation costs will be recognized is approximately 3.1 years and 2.2 years for the nonvested stock awards and for option awards, respectively.

The fair value of each option granted during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

	For the year ended December 31,
	2013		2012		2011
Weighted-average expected stock-price volatility	48	%	59	%	55	%
Weighted-average expected option life	5 years		5 years		4 years
Average risk-free interest rate	1.27	%	0.70	%	1.40	%
Average dividend yield	0	%	0	%	0	%

A summary of our restricted stock awards including restricted stock units as of December 31, 2013 is presented below:

			Weighted-
			Average
	Shares		Grant-Date
	(000’s)		Fair Value
Nonvested as of December 31, 2012	693		$	36.11
Granted	798		33.16
Vested	(207	)	32.44
Forfeited (including cancelled awards)	(126	)	34.33
Nonvested as of December 31, 2013	1,158		$	34.93

During the year ended December 31, 2013, we granted 797,583 shares of restricted common stock and restricted stock units to key employees, which generally vest over a four year period. Included in this grant were 16,165 shares of restricted common stock granted to the non-employee members of the Board of Directors, which vest over the lesser of one year or at the time of the next annual meeting. The vested shares include the impact of 71,342 shares of restricted stock which were cancelled in 2013 due to employees electing to receive fewer shares in lieu of paying withholding taxes. The total fair value of shares that vested during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $7.9 million, $5.4 million and $9.7 million, respectively.

A summary of our stock option plans as of the year ended December 31, 2013 is presented below:

							Weighted-
							Average
			Weighted-				Remaining
			Average		Aggregate		Contractual
	Shares		Exercise		Intrinsic		Life
	(000’s)		Price		Value (000’s)		(in years)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2012	2,322		$	28.63
Granted	539		32.68
Exercised	(149	)	14.74
Forfeited (including cancelled options)	(114	)	35.22
Outstanding as of December 31, 2013	2,598		$	29.98	$	14,277	6.5
Options exercisable as of December 31, 2013	1,567		$	27.19	$	13,208	4.7

The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $13.47, $15.56 and $21.90 per option, respectively. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011 was $2.5 million, $6.8 million and $22.8 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2013:

	Options Outstanding				Options Exercisable
	Number	Weighted-Average	Weighted-		Number	Weighted-
	Outstanding at	Remaining	Average		Exercisable at	Average
	December 31,	Contractual Life	Exercise		December 31,	Exercise
Range of Exercise Prices	2013 (000s)	(in years)	Price		2013 (000s)	Price
$8.82 - 16.37	432	2.4	$	10.98	432	$	10.98
17.48 - 26.69	296	2.2	19.85		278	19.55
28.60 - 42.96	1,601	8.2	33.43		674	34.27
44.09 - 51.70	269	7.4	51.02		183	50.96
	2,598	6.5	$	29.98	1,567	$	27.19

Shares Reserved for Future Issuance

As of December 31, 2013, we have 5,856,268 shares reserved for future issuance upon exercise of stock options and grants of restricted stock.

Preferred Stock

Our Board of Directors has authority under our Certificate of Incorporation to issue shares of preferred stock with voting and economic rights to be determined by the Board of Directors.

Treasury Stock

On August 24, 2010, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $200 million of our common stock. All funds for this repurchase program were exhausted as of August 19, 2011. Repurchases were made from time to time on the open market in accordance with applicable federal securities laws. During 2011, we purchased 4,160,228 shares for $162 million (including transaction costs) under the program at an average cost of $38.96 per share. During 2010, we purchased 1,118,600 shares for $38 million (including transaction costs) under the program at an average cost of $34.06 per share. This stock repurchase is included as treasury stock in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2011. During the year ended December 31, 2012, we cancelled and retired the 5,278,828 shares of treasury stock we purchased under this repurchase program. As a result of this transaction, we recorded a reduction in treasury stock of $200.2 million and a corresponding reduction of $200.1 million and $0.1 million in retained earnings and common stock, respectively.