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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES
INCOME TAXES
 
FirstEnergy’s interim effective tax rates reflect the estimated annual effective tax rates for 2018 and 2017. These tax rates are affected by estimated annual permanent items, such as AFUDC equity and other flow-through items, as well as discrete items that may occur in any given period, but are not consistent from period to period.

FirstEnergy’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, was 58.7% and 37.2%, respectively. The increase in effective tax rate is primarily due to the legal and financial separation of FES and FENOC from FirstEnergy. This separation officially eroded the ties between FES, FENOC and other FirstEnergy subsidiaries doing business in West Virginia. As such, FES and FENOC were removed from the West Virginia unitary group when calculating West Virginia state income taxes, resulting in a $126 million charge to income tax expense in continuing operations associated with the re-measurement in state deferred taxes. This increase was partially offset by the decrease in the corporate federal income tax rate from 35% to 21%, which became effective January 1, 2018.

At December 31, 2017, FirstEnergy recorded provisional income tax amounts in its accounting for certain effects of the provisions of the Tax Act as allowed under SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 (SAB 118). In addition, SAB 118 allowed for a measurement period for companies to finalize the provisional amounts recorded as of December 31, 2017, not to exceed one year. As of March 31, 2018, FirstEnergy has not yet finalized its assessment of the provisional amounts and there were no significant adjustments recorded in the first quarter of 2018. FirstEnergy expects to complete its assessment and record any final adjustments to the provisional amounts by the fourth quarter of 2018, which could result in a material impact to FirstEnergy’s income tax provision or financial position.

FirstEnergy's assessment of accounting for the Tax Act are based upon management's current understanding of the Tax Act. However, it is expected that further guidance will be issued during 2018, which may result in adjustments that could have a material impact to FirstEnergy's future results of operations, cash flows, or financial position.

In March 2018, FirstEnergy recorded unrecognized tax benefits of $49 million which relates primarily to the tax benefit recognized for the investment in FES and FENOC. The tax impact is reflected in discontinued operations.

On October 18, 2017, the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania affirmed the Commonwealth Court’s holding that the state’s net loss carryover provision violated the Pennsylvania Uniformity Clause and was unconstitutional. However, the court also opined that the portion of the net loss carryover provision that created the violation may be severed from the statute, enabling the statute to operate as the legislature intended, and on October 30, 2017, the Pennsylvania Governor signed House Bill 542 into law, which, among other things, amended Pennsylvania’s limitation on net loss deductions to remove the flat-dollar limitation. On January 4, 2018, the court declined to further hear any arguments related to the matter and, as a result, FirstEnergy withdrew its protective refund claims from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on January 30, 2018. Upon doing so, FirstEnergy reversed a previously recorded unrecognized tax benefit of approximately $45 million in the first quarter of 2018, none of which impacted FirstEnergy’s effective tax rate.

As of March 31, 2018, it was reasonably possible that approximately $2 million of unrecognized tax benefits may be resolved within the next twelve months as a result of the statute of limitations expiring, none of which would affect FirstEnergy's effective tax rate.

In January 2018, the IRS completed its examination of FirstEnergy’s 2016 federal income tax return and issued a Full Acceptance Letter with no changes or adjustments to FirstEnergy’s taxable income.