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Fair Value Measurements
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements

5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The use of fair value to measure the financial instruments held by the Company is fundamental to its consolidated financial statements and is a critical accounting estimate. The application of fair value measurements may be on a recurring or nonrecurring basis depending on the accounting principles applicable to the specific asset or liability or whether management has elected to carry the item at its estimated fair value.

The hierarchy of valuation techniques is based on whether the inputs to those techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments or liabilities.

Level 2 — Prices determined using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that other market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability and are developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. These may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk, and market-corroborated inputs.

Level 3 — Prices determined using significant unobservable inputs. In situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity for an investment at the end of the period), unobservable inputs may be used. Unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the factors that market participants use in pricing an asset or liability and are based on the best information available in the circumstances.

This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when estimating fair value. The valuation method used to estimate fair value may produce a fair value measurement that may not be indicative of ultimate realizable value. Furthermore, while management believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those used by other market participants, the use of different methods or assumptions to estimate the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. Those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market for such loans or investments existed, or had such loans or investments been liquidated, and those differences could be material to the financial statements.

Fair valued assets consist of shares of marketable equity securities and an interest rate cap. The value of the equity securities is based on a traded market price and is considered to be a level 1 measurement, and the value of the interest rate cap is based on its maturity and observable market-based inputs including interest rate curves and is considered to be a level 2 measurement.

The following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis including assets valued at zero:

June 30, 2023

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable equity securities

 

$

2,612,856

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,612,856

 

Interest rate cap derivative

 

 

 

 

116,915

 

 

 

 

 

 

116,915

 

Total assets at fair value

 

$

2,612,856

 

 

$

116,915

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,729,771

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2022

 

Level 1

 

 

Level 2

 

 

Level 3

 

 

Total

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketable equity securities

 

$

2,366,153

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,366,153

 

Interest rate cap derivative

 

 

 

 

123,152

 

 

 

 

 

 

123,152

 

Total assets at fair value

 

$

2,366,153

 

 

$

123,152

 

 

$

 

 

$

2,489,305

 

 

There were no assets transferred from level 1 to level 2 as of June 30, 2023. The Company did not have any level 3 assets or liabilities that are re-measured on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs as of June 30, 2023.

 

The fair values of financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximated their respective carrying values as of June 30, 2023. The estimated fair value of the Company’s outstanding debt was approximately $15,883,218 as of June 30, 2023. This estimate was based on market interest rates for comparable obligations, general market conditions, and maturity.