EX-99.1 2 a17-10872_2ex99d1.htm EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

 

CELESTICA INC.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2017

 

The following Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) should be read in conjunction with our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements, and our March 31, 2017 unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements, which we prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). Unless otherwise noted, all dollar amounts are expressed in U.S. dollars. The information in this discussion is provided as of April 19, 2017 unless we indicate otherwise.

 

Certain statements contained in this MD&A constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (U.S. Exchange Act), and contain forward-looking information within the meaning of Canadian securities laws. Such forward-looking information includes, without limitation, statements related to: our future growth; trends in the electronics manufacturing services (EMS) industry; our anticipated financial and/or operational results; the impact of acquisitions and program wins or losses on our financial results and working capital requirements; anticipated expenses, restructuring actions and charges, and capital expenditures, including the anticipated timing thereof, and our ability to fund, and the method of funding these costs, capital expenditures and other anticipated working capital requirements; the anticipated repatriation of undistributed earnings from foreign subsidiaries; the impact of tax and litigation outcomes; our cash flows, financial targets and priorities; changes in our mix of revenue by end market; our ability to diversify and grow our customer base and develop new capabilities; the effect of the pace of technological changes, customer outsourcing and program transfers, and the global economic environment on customer demand; the timing and extent of the expected recovery of cash advances made to a former solar supplier, and recoveries from the sale of inventory and manufacturing equipment related to our exit from the solar panel manufacturing business, and the possibility of future write downs on amounts not recoverable; the anticipated termination and settlement of our solar equipment leases; the impact of outstanding indebtedness under our credit facility on our liquidity, future operations and financial condition; the timing and terms of the sale of our real property in Toronto and related transactions, including the expected lease of our corporate head office (collectively, the “Toronto Real Property Transactions”); if the Toronto Real Property Transactions are completed, our ability to secure on commercially acceptable terms an alternate site for our existing Toronto manufacturing operations and the transition costs for such expected relocation; the impact of Britain’s intention to leave the European Union (Brexit) and the new administration in the U.S., on the economy, financial markets, currency exchange rates and potentially our business; our expectations with respect to future pioneer incentives for limited portions of our Malaysian business; the timing of an anticipated program transfer to us; the impact of our acquisition of the assets of Karel (defined below); and the potential impact of new accounting standards on our consolidated financial statements. Such forward-looking statements may, without limitation, be preceded by, followed by, or include words such as “believes”, “expects”, “anticipates”, “estimates”, “intends”, “plans”, “continues”, “project”, “potential”, “possible”, “contemplate”, “seek”, or similar expressions, or may employ such future or conditional verbs as “may”, “might”, “will”, “could”, “should” or “would”, or may otherwise be indicated as forward-looking statements by grammatical construction, phrasing or context. For those statements, we claim the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and applicable Canadian securities laws.

 

Forward-looking statements are provided for the purpose of assisting readers in understanding management’s current expectations and plans relating to the future. Readers are cautioned that such information may not be appropriate for other purposes. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks that could cause actual results to differ materially from conclusions, forecasts or projections expressed in such forward-looking statements, including, among others, risks related to: our customers’ ability to compete and succeed in the marketplace with the services we provide and the products we manufacture; changes in our mix of customers and/or the types of products or services we

 

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provide; price and other competitive factors generally affecting, and the highly competitive nature of, the EMS industry; managing our operations and our working capital performance during uncertain market and economic conditions; responding to changes in demand, rapidly evolving and changing technologies, and changes in our customers’ business and outsourcing strategies, including the insourcing of programs; customer concentration and the challenges of diversifying our customer base and replacing revenue from completed or lost programs, or customer disengagements; customer, competitor and/or supplier consolidation; changing commodity, material and component costs, as well as labor costs and conditions; disruptions to our operations, or those of our customers, component suppliers and/or logistics partners, including as a result of global or local events outside our control, including as a result of Brexit and/or significant developments stemming from the new administration in the U.S.; retaining or expanding our business due to execution issues relating to the ramping of new or existing programs or new offerings; the incurrence of future impairment charges; recruiting or retaining skilled talent; transitions associated with our Global Business Services (GBS) initiative, our Organizational Design (OD) initiative, and/or other changes to our company’s operating model; current or future litigation, governmental actions and/or changes in legislation; the timing and extent of recoveries from the sale of inventory and manufacturing equipment relating to our exit from the solar panel manufacturing business, and our ability to recover amounts outstanding from a former solar supplier; delays in the delivery and availability of components, services and materials, including from suppliers upon which we are dependent for certain components; non-performance by counterparties; our financial exposure to foreign currency volatility, including fluctuations that may result from Brexit and/or the new administration in the U.S.; our dependence on industries affected by rapid technological change; the variability of revenue and operating results; managing our global operations and supply chain; increasing income taxes, tax audits, and challenges of defending our tax positions, and obtaining, renewing or meeting the conditions of tax incentives and credits; completing restructuring actions, including achieving the anticipated benefits therefrom, and integrating any acquisitions; defects or deficiencies in our products, services or designs; computer viruses, malware, hacking attempts or outages that may disrupt our operations; any failure to adequately protect our intellectual property or the intellectual property of others; compliance with applicable laws, regulations and social responsibility initiatives; any U.S. government shutdown; our having sufficient financial resources and working capital to fund currently anticipated financial obligations and to pursue desirable business opportunities; the potential that conditions to closing the Toronto Real Property Transactions may not be satisfied on a timely basis or at all; and if the Toronto Real Property Transactions are completed, our ability to secure on commercially acceptable terms an alternate site for our existing Toronto manufacturing operations, and the costs, timing and/or execution of such relocation proving to be other than anticipated. The foregoing and other material risks and uncertainties are discussed in our public filings at www.sedar.com and www.sec.gov, including in this MD&A, our Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with, and subsequent reports on Form 6-K furnished to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and as applicable, the Canadian Securities Administrators.

 

Our forward-looking statements are based on various assumptions, many of which involve factors that are beyond our control. Our material assumptions include those related to the following: production schedules from our customers, which generally range from 30 days to 90 days and can fluctuate significantly in terms of volume and mix of products or services; the timing and execution of, and investments associated with, ramping new business; the success in the marketplace of our customers’ products; the pace of change in our traditional end markets and our ability to retain programs and customers; the stability of general economic and market conditions, currency exchange rates, and interest rates; our pricing, the competitive environment and contract terms and conditions; supplier performance, pricing and terms; compliance by third parties with their contractual obligations, the accuracy of their representations and warranties, and the performance of their covenants; the costs and availability of components, materials, services, plant and capital equipment, labor, energy and transportation; operational and financial matters including the extent, timing and costs of replacing revenue from completed or lost programs, or customer disengagements; technological developments; the timing and extent of recoveries from the sale of inventory and manufacturing equipment related to our exit from the solar panel manufacturing business and our ability to recover amounts outstanding from a former solar supplier; the timing, execution, and effect of restructuring actions; our having sufficient financial resources and working capital to fund currently anticipated financial obligations and to pursue desirable business opportunities; and our ability to diversify our customer base and develop new capabilities. While management believes these assumptions to be reasonable under the current circumstances, they may prove to be inaccurate. Forward-looking statements

 

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speak only as of the date on which they are made, and we disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.

 

All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified by these cautionary statements.

 

Overview

 

What Celestica does:

 

We deliver innovative supply chain solutions globally to customers in the following end markets: Communications (comprised of enterprise communications and telecommunications), Advanced Technology Solutions (ATS) (comprised of our former Diversified and Consumer end markets, and consisting of aerospace and defense, industrial, healthcare, smart energy, semiconductor equipment, and consumer), and Enterprise (comprised of servers and storage). See “Recent developments” below for details regarding changes to our end markets. We believe our services and solutions create value for our customers by accelerating their time-to-market, and by providing higher quality, lower cost and reduced cycle times in our customers’ supply chains, resulting in lower total cost of ownership, greater flexibility, higher return on invested capital and improved competitive advantage for our customers in their respective markets.

 

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Our global headquarters is located in Toronto, Canada. We operate a network of sites in various geographies with specialized end-to-end supply chain capabilities tailored to meet specific market and customer product lifecycle requirements. In an effort to drive speed, quality and flexibility for our customers, we execute our business in centers of excellence strategically located in North America, Europe and Asia.

 

We offer a range of services to our customers, including design and development (such as our Joint Design and Manufacturing (JDM) offering, which consists of developing design solutions in collaboration with customers, as well as managing aspects of the supply chain and manufacturing), engineering services, supply chain management, new product introduction, component sourcing, electronics manufacturing, assembly and test, complex mechanical assembly, systems integration, precision machining, order fulfillment, logistics and after-market repair and return services.

 

The products and services we provide serve a wide variety of applications, including: servers; networking and telecommunications equipment; storage systems; optical equipment; aerospace and defense electronics; healthcare products and applications; semiconductor equipment; and a range of industrial and alternative energy products.

 

In order to increase the value we deliver to our customers, we continue to make investments in people, value-added service offerings, new capabilities, capacity, technology, IT systems, software and tools. We continuously work to improve our productivity, quality, delivery performance and flexibility in our efforts to be recognized as one of the leading companies in the EMS industry. In connection therewith, we have commenced organizational and operational improvements. Our Global Business Services (GBS) initiative focuses on integrating, standardizing and optimizing end-to-end business processes. Our Organizational Design (OD) initiative involves redesigning our organizational structure, with the goal of increasing the overall effectiveness of our organization by improving internal alignment, reducing complexity and increasing our speed to outcome. Further to these goals, we will continue to make investments in automation and the connected factory in order to streamline our processes and reduce costs.

 

Our current priorities include (i) evolving and diversifying our customer and product portfolios in order to drive consistent revenue growth and strong operating margins, (ii) improving the overall profitability of our ATS end market (described in “Recent developments” below), while continuing to make investments therein, (iii) continuing to generate strong annual free cash flow and adjusted return on invested capital (“adjusted ROIC”) and (iv) continuing to improve our execution by driving increased productivity and simplification throughout our organization. We believe that continued investments in these areas support our long-term growth strategy, and will strengthen our competitive position, enhance customer satisfaction, and increase long-term shareholder value. Operating margin, adjusted ROIC and free cash flow are non-IFRS measures without standardized meanings and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. See “Non-IFRS measures” below for a discussion of the non-IFRS measures included herein, and a reconciliation of our non-IFRS measures to comparable IFRS measures.

 

We believe that profitable revenue growth depends significantly on increasing sales to existing customers for their current and future product generations and expanding the range of services we provide to these customers. In connection therewith, we will continue to focus on expanding our revenue base in higher-value added services, such as design and development, engineering, and after-market services. In addition, we have been experiencing lower growth rates and increased pricing pressures in our traditional markets, which continue to account for a substantial portion of our revenue. As a result, we will also focus on expanding our business beyond our traditional end markets, including by pursuing new customers and acquisition opportunities in our ATS businesses to expand our end market penetration, to diversify our end market mix, and to enhance and add new technologies and capabilities to our offerings.

 

Overview of business environment:

 

The EMS industry is highly competitive, with multiple global EMS providers competing for customers and programs. Although the industry is characterized by a large revenue base and new business opportunities, demand can be volatile from period to period, and aggressive pricing is a common business dynamic. Capacity utilization, customer mix and the types of products and services we provide are important factors affecting our financial performance. The number and location of

 

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qualified personnel, manufacturing capacity, and the mix of business through that capacity are vital considerations for EMS providers. The EMS industry is also working capital intensive. As a result, we believe that adjusted ROIC (discussed in “Non-IFRS measures” below), which is primarily based on non-IFRS operating earnings and investments in working capital and equipment, is an important metric for measuring an EMS provider’s financial performance.

 

EMS companies provide a range of services to a variety of customers and end markets. Demand patterns are volatile, making customer revenue and mix, and revenue by end market difficult to forecast. Product lifecycles in the markets we serve, production lead times required by our customers, rapid shifts in technology, model obsolescence, commoditization of certain products, the emergence of new business models, shifting patterns of demand, such as the shift from traditional network infrastructures to highly virtualized and cloud-based environments, as well as the proliferation of software-defined networks and software-defined storage, increased competition, oversupply of products and pricing pressures, and the volatility of the economy, are all contributing factors. The global economy and financial markets may negatively impact end market demand and the operations of EMS providers, including Celestica. Uncertainty in the global economy may impact current and future demand for our customers’ products and services. We continue to monitor the dynamics and impacts of the global economic environment and work to manage our priorities, costs and resources to anticipate and prepare for any required changes.

 

External factors that could impact the EMS industry and our business include natural disasters and related disruptions, political instability, terrorism, armed conflict, labor or social unrest, criminal activity, disease or illness that affects local, national or international economies, unusually adverse weather conditions, and other risks present in the jurisdictions in which we, our customers, our suppliers, and/or our logistics partners operate. These types of events could disrupt operations at one or more of our sites or those of our customers, component suppliers and/or our logistics partners. These events could lead to higher costs or supply shortages or may disrupt the delivery of components to us, or our ability to provide finished products or services to our customers, any of which could adversely affect our operating results. We carry insurance to cover damage to our sites and interruptions to our operations, including those that may occur as a result of natural disasters, such as flooding and earthquakes, or other events. Our insurance policies, however, are subject to deductibles, coverage limitations and exclusions, and may not provide adequate coverage should such events occur. Uncertainties resulting from Brexit and from the new administration in the U.S. may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Given the lack of comparable precedent, it is unclear what financial, trade and legal implications the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union would have and how such withdrawal would affect us, our customers and their demand for our services. In addition, the new U.S. administration has created uncertainty with respect to, among other things, existing and proposed trade agreements, free trade generally, and potentially significant increases on tariffs on goods imported into the U.S., particularly from Mexico, Canada and China. We currently ship a significant portion of our worldwide production to customers in the U.S. from other countries. Changes to U.S. laws or policies may impact the pace of outsourcing by U.S. customers in the future, including the possibility of such customers’ insourcing programs that were previously outsourced (including to companies like ours). It is unknown at this time to what extent new legislation, or pending or new regulatory proposals will be adopted in the U.S., if any, or the effect that such adoption may have on our business. However, changes in U.S. social, political, regulatory and economic conditions or in laws and policies governing foreign trade, manufacturing, clean energy, the healthcare industry, development and investment in the jurisdictions in which we, and/or our customers or suppliers operate, could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

We have significant suppliers that are important to our sourcing activities. If a key supplier (or any company within our supply chain) experiences financial difficulties, this may affect its ability to supply us with materials, components or services, which could halt or delay the production of a customer’s product, and/or have a material adverse impact on our operations, financial results and customer relationships, and in the case of a former solar supplier (discussed below), to pay amounts owing to us.  In addition, our ability to collect our accounts receivable and future sales depends, in part, on the financial strength of our customers. If any of our customers have insufficient liquidity, we could encounter significant delays or defaults in payments owed to us by such customers, or we may extend our payment terms, which could adversely impact our short-term cash flows, financial condition and/or operating results. In addition, customer financial difficulties may result in order cancellations and higher than expected levels of inventory, which could in turn have a material adverse impact on our operating results and working capital performance. We may not be able to return or re-sell this inventory, or we may be required to hold the inventory for a period of time, any of which may result in our having to record additional reserves for the

 

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inventory. We also may be unable to recover all of the amounts owed to us by a customer, including amounts to cover unused inventory or capital investments we incurred to support that customer’s business. Furthermore, if a customer bankruptcy occurs, our profitability may be adversely impacted by our failure to collect our accounts receivable in excess of our estimated allowance for uncollectible accounts or amounts insured. Additionally, our future revenues could be reduced by the loss of a customer due to bankruptcy. Our failure to collect accounts receivable and/or the loss of one or more major customers could have an adverse effect on our operating results, financial position and cash flows. We cannot reliably determine if and to what extent customers or suppliers may have financial difficulties, whether we will be required to adjust our prices or the amount we pay for materials and components, or face collection issues with customers, or if customer or supplier bankruptcies will occur.

 

Our business is also affected by customers who may shift production between EMS providers for a number of reasons, including pricing concessions, more favorable terms and conditions, their preference or need to consolidate their supply chain capacity or the number of supply chain partners, or consolidation among customers. Customers may also choose to increase the amount of business they outsource, insource previously outsourced business, or change the concentration or location of their EMS suppliers to better manage their supply continuity risk. These customer decisions may impact, among other items, our revenue and margins, the need for future restructuring, the level of capital expenditures and our cash flows.

 

Demand can be volatile across our end markets. Our revenue and margins are impacted by overall end market demand, our mix of programs, the timing, extent and pricing of new or follow-on business, including the costs, terms, timing and execution of ramping new business, and program completions, losses, or customer disengagements.

 

Despite a dynamic demand environment, we remain committed to making the investments we believe are required to support our long-term objectives and to create shareholder value. These efforts include evolving and diversifying our customer and product portfolios to address changing needs, and broadening our businesses, including expanding our smart energy (including energy conversion, energy controls, storage and monitoring), aerospace and defense, healthcare, and industrial offerings, as well as expanding the breadth of our JDM offerings in the areas of storage, network switching and converged storage and servers. The costs of these investments and ramping activities may be significant and could negatively impact our margins in the short and medium term. Simultaneously, we intend to continue to manage our costs and resources to maximize our efficiency and productivity.

 

To reduce our reliance on any one customer or end market, we continue to target new customers and services, including through our efforts to expand our ATS end market (discussed below). As we expand our business and open new sites, we may encounter difficulties that result in higher than expected costs associated with such activities. Potential difficulties related to such activities include our ability: to manage growth effectively; to maintain existing business relationships during periods of transition; to anticipate disruptions in our operations that may impact our ability to deliver to customers on time, produce quality products and ensure overall customer satisfaction; and to respond rapidly to changes in customer demand or volumes. We may also encounter difficulties in ramping and executing new programs. We may require significant investments to support these new programs, including increased working capital requirements, and may generate lower margins or losses during and/or following the ramp period. There can be no assurance that our increased investments will benefit us or result in business growth. As we pursue opportunities in new markets or technologies, we may encounter challenges due to our limited knowledge or experience in these areas. In addition, the success of new business models or programs depends on a number of factors including: understanding the new business or markets; timely and successful product development; market acceptance; the effective management of purchase commitments and inventory levels in line with anticipated demand; the development or acquisition of appropriate intellectual property and capital investments, to the extent required; the availability of materials in adequate quantities and at appropriate costs to meet anticipated demand; and the risk that new offerings may have quality or other defects in the early stages of introduction. Any of these factors could prevent us from realizing the anticipated benefits of growth in new markets or technologies, which could materially adversely affect our business and operating results.

 

Recent developments:

 

Opening of Customer Experience Center:

 

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In March 2017, we opened a customer experience center in Santa Clara, California, located in the heart of Silicon Valley. This new state-of-the-art facility is intended to showcase our capabilities, and provide a place to collaborate with our customers, both locally and remotely with our sites around the world.

 

Update on Timing of Toronto Real Property Sale:

 

In April 2017, we received notice from the intended purchaser of our Toronto corporate headquarters and manufacturing operations that the municipal zoning approval process required to complete the transaction will take longer than originally anticipated. As a result, the purchaser has exercised its option under the relevant sale agreement to extend the approvals period by one year. Assuming the timely satisfaction of various conditions, we currently expect the transaction to close during 2018, extended from our original estimate of the second half of 2017.  See “Liquidity — Cash requirements” below. There can be no assurance that this transaction will be completed within the expected time period, or at all.

 

Renaming of our End Markets:

 

As part of our recent organizational initiatives, we have aligned our end markets into two customer focused areas: Advanced Technology Solutions (ATS) and Connectivity & Cloud Solutions (CCS). ATS consists of our former Diversified and Consumer end markets, and CCS consists of our existing Communications end market and our new Enterprise end market (defined below). Due to the decreasing size of our Consumer end market, we combined it with our previously-reported Diversified end market to form our ATS end market commencing in the first quarter of 2017. As a result, this end market consists of aerospace and defense, industrial, smart energy, healthcare, semiconductor equipment and consumer. Also in the first quarter of 2017, due to the converging technologies of our Storage and Servers end markets, we combined them into a single “Enterprise” end market for reporting purposes. All period percentages herein reflect these changes. We believe these changes further align our organization with our customers and the markets we serve. Although we have regrouped and renamed our end markets to enhance customer focus, we continue to operate in one reportable segment, electronics manufacturing services.

 

See “Summary of Q1 2017” below for an update on our exit from the solar panel manufacturing business.

 

Summary of Q1 2017

 

Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB and accounting policies we adopted in accordance with IFRS. These unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly our financial position as at March 31, 2017 and the financial performance, comprehensive income and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017. See “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” below.

 

The following table sets forth certain key operating results and financial information for the periods indicated (in millions, except per share amounts):

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

Revenue

 

$

1,353.3

 

$

1,469.9

 

Gross profit

 

92.8

 

102.9

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses (SG&A)

 

52.0

 

53.7

 

Other charges

 

1.7

 

7.6

 

Net earnings

 

$

25.6

 

$

22.8

 

Diluted earnings per share

 

$

0.18

 

$

0.16

 

 

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December 31
2016

 

March 31
2017

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

557.2

 

$

558.0

 

Borrowings under credit facility

 

227.5

 

206.3

 

Total assets

 

2,822.3

 

2,814.6

 

 

Revenue of $1.47 billion for the first quarter of 2017 increased 9% compared to the first quarter of 2016. Compared to the same period in 2016, revenue dollars in the first quarter of 2017 from our communications end market increased 20%, primarily driven by demand strength and new programs; and revenue dollars from our enterprise end market increased  6%, primarily driven by new programs.  Revenue dollars from our ATS end market remained relatively flat in the first quarter of 2017 compared to the same period in 2016, as growth primarily from our semiconductor and smart energy (other than solar panels) businesses was offset by a decrease in our solar panel revenue (which reflected a 13% decrease in total ATS revenue from the prior year period) due to our exit from the solar panel manufacturing business.

 

Gross profit of $102.9 million (7.0% of total revenue) for the first quarter of 2017 increased 11% compared to $92.8 million (6.9% of total revenue) for the first quarter of 2016, primarily driven by higher revenue levels and margin improvements in our ATS end market, including our semiconductor business, partially offset by unfavorable changes in program mix and pricing pressures primarily in our communications and enterprise end markets. SG&A for the first quarter of 2017 of $53.7 million increased $1.7 million compared to $52.0 million in the first quarter of 2016. Net earnings for the first quarter of 2017 of $22.8 million decreased $2.8 million compared to the first quarter of 2016, primarily due to $5.9 million in higher restructuring and other  charges and $4.5 million in higher income tax expense, which more than offset the higher gross profit for the first quarter of 2017.

 

We made a decision in the fourth quarter of 2016 to exit the solar panel manufacturing business. As a part of this exit, we terminated (prior to its scheduled expiration) a supply agreement with an Asian-based solar cell supplier under which we had made specific cash advances. Under this agreement, we also manufactured and sold completed solar panels to them as a customer. The advances which remain unpaid are anticipated to be repaid through quarterly repayment installments during 2017. As of March 31, 2017, advances of $5.7 million remain recoverable, and accounts receivable of $9.0 million are due, from this solar supplier. In connection with our exit from this business, we also wrote down the carrying values of our solar panel manufacturing equipment and inventories during 2016.  We completed production of the final solar panels in the first quarter of 2017, and are actively engaged in the disposition of the manufacturing equipment and any remaining solar panel inventory. If we are unable to recover all of the amounts owed to us by our solar customers, a customer cancels its purchase orders, or the proceeds from the sale of such equipment or inventory are lower than our carrying values, we will incur additional asset write downs in future periods. As of March 31, 2017, we have $12.8 million of remaining solar panel inventory, and $6.4 million of solar panel manufacturing equipment available for sale. A substantial portion of our solar panel manufacturing equipment is subject to finance lease agreements. As of March 31, 2017, we had outstanding obligations of $14.3 million under such leases.  We intend to terminate these leases upon the disposition of the underlying equipment and settle the remaining lease obligations in 2017.

 

Our cash and cash equivalents at March 31, 2017 were $558.0 million (December 31, 2016 — $557.2 million). Our cash provided by operating activities was $35.6 million for the first quarter of 2017, compared to cash used in operating activities of $18.3 million for the first quarter of 2016, primarily due to improved working capital in the first quarter of 2017 (discussed below).

 

At March 31, 2017, we sold $50.0 million (December 31, 2016 — $50.0 million) of accounts receivable (A/R) under our A/R sales facility and sold $44.5 million of A/R (December 31, 2016 — $51.4 million) to a third-party bank under a customer’s supplier financing program, both of which have been de-recognized from our accounts receivable balances.  We utilized a customer’s supplier financing program to substantially offset the effects of extended payment terms required by such customer on our working capital for the period. See “Capital Resources” below.

 

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At March 31, 2017, we had $206.3 million outstanding under the term loan portion of our credit facility (Term Loan) (December 31, 2016 — $212.5 million) and no amounts outstanding under the revolving portion of our credit facility (Revolving Facility). During the first quarter of 2017, we made a scheduled quarterly principal repayment of $6.25 million under the Term Loan and we repaid $15.0 million under the Revolving Facility.  See “Liquidity and Capital Resources — Liquidity — Cash requirements” below.

 

In February 2016, we launched a normal course issuer bid (2016 NCIB). During the term of the 2016 NCIB, which expired in February 2017, we paid $34.3 million (including transaction fees) to repurchase and cancel 3.2 million subordinate voting shares at a weighted average price of $10.69 per share, including 2.8 million subordinate voting shares repurchased under a $30.0 million program share repurchase (PSR) we funded in March 2016.

 

Certain of our employees in the United Kingdom (U.K.) participate in a defined benefit pension plan. The U.K. defined benefit pension plans are comprised of a Main pension plan and a Supplemental pension plan. In March 2017, the Trustees of the U.K. Main pension plan entered into an agreement with a third party insurance company to purchase an annuity for participants of the Main plan who have retired.  The cost of the annuity was £123.7 million (approximately $154.3 million at the exchange rate at the time of recording) and was funded with existing plan assets. Although we retain ultimate responsibility for the payment of benefits to plan participants, the annuity substantially hedges the financial risk component of the associated pension obligations for such retired participants. The purchase of the annuity resulted in a non-cash loss of $17.0 million which we recorded in other comprehensive income and simultaneously re-classified to deficit during the first quarter of 2017.  We also reduced the value of our pension assets by $17.0 million which is recorded in other non-current assets on our consolidated balance sheet.

 

Other performance indicators:

 

In addition to the key operating results and financial information described above, management reviews the following measures (which are not measures defined under IFRS):

 

 

 

1Q16

 

2Q16

 

3Q16

 

4Q16

 

1Q17

 

Cash cycle days:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Days in A/R

 

45

 

43

 

43

 

42

 

47

 

Days in inventory

 

60

 

59

 

58

 

55

 

62

 

Days in A/P

 

(58

)

(55

)

(55

)

(53

)

(59

)

Cash cycle days

 

47

 

47

 

46

 

44

 

50

 

Inventory turns

 

6.1x

 

6.2x

 

6.3x

 

6.6x

 

5.9x

 

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

 

 

March
31

 

June
30

 

September
30

 

December
31
(i)

 

March
31
(i)

 

Amount of A/R sold (in millions)

 

$

60.0

 

$

60.0

 

$

50.0

 

$

101.4

 

$

94.5

 

 


(i)  Includes $44.5 million of A/R sold to a third party bank ($51.4 million at December 31, 2016) in connection with a customer’s uncommitted supplier financing program that we joined in the fourth quarter of 2016. We utilized this program to receive earlier payment on such customer’s A/R, thereby substantially offsetting the effect on our working capital of its required extended payment terms.

 

Days in A/R is calculated as the average A/R for the quarter divided by the average daily revenue. Days in inventory is calculated as the average inventory for the quarter divided by the average daily cost of sales. Days in accounts payable (A/P) is calculated as the average A/P for the quarter divided by average daily cost of sales. Cash cycle days is calculated as the sum of days in A/R and days in inventory, minus the days in A/P. Inventory turns is calculated as 365 divided by the number of days in inventory. A lower number of days in A/R, days in inventory, and cash cycle days, and a higher number of days in A/P and inventory turns generally reflect improved cash management performance.

 

9



 

We believe that cash cycle days (and the components thereof) and inventory turns are useful measures in providing investors with information regarding our cash management performance and are accepted measures of working capital

management efficiency in our industry. These are not measures of performance under IFRS, and may not be defined and calculated in the same manner by other companies. These measures should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to working capital as an indicator of performance.

 

Management also reviews other non-IFRS measures including adjusted net earnings, operating margin, adjusted ROIC and free cash flow. See “Non-IFRS measures” below.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates and assumptions. We review our estimates and underlying assumptions on an ongoing basis and make revisions as determined necessary by management. Revisions are recognized in the period in which the estimates are revised and may impact future periods as well. Significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements are described in note 2 to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements. The following identifies those accounting policies which management considers to be “critical,” defined as accounting policies that management believes are both most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results and require application of management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain. There have been no significant changes during the first quarter of 2017 to such policies, which are discussed in Item 5 of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2016.

 

Key sources of estimation uncertainty and judgment: We have applied significant estimates and assumptions in the following areas which we believe could have a significant impact on our reported results and financial position: our valuations of inventory, assets held for sale and income taxes; the amount of our restructuring charges or recoveries; the measurement of the recoverable amounts of our cash generating units (CGUs, as defined below), which includes estimating future growth, profitability, and discount rates, and the fair value of our real property; our valuations of financial assets and liabilities, pension and non-pension post-employment benefit costs, employee stock-based compensation expense, provisions and contingencies; and the allocation of the purchase price and other valuations related to our business acquisitions.

 

We define a CGU as the smallest identifiable group of assets that cannot be tested individually and that generates cash inflows that are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. CGUs can be comprised of a single site, a group of sites, or a line of business.

 

We have also applied significant judgment in the following areas: the determination of our CGUs and whether events or changes in circumstances during the relevant period are indicators that a review for impairment should be conducted, and the timing of the recognition of charges or recoveries associated with our restructuring actions. The near-term economic environment could also impact certain estimates necessary to prepare our consolidated financial statements, in particular, the estimates related to the recoverable amounts used in our impairment testing of our non-financial assets (see note 16(b) to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements), and the discount rates applied to our net pension and non-pension post-employment benefit assets or liabilities (see note 19 to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements). We did not identify any triggering event during the first quarter of 2017 that would indicate the carrying amount of our assets or CGUs may not be recoverable.

 

See note 2 to our March 31, 2017 unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements.

 

10



 

Operating Results

 

Our annual and quarterly operating results, including our product and service volumes, revenues, and working capital performance, vary from period-to-period as a result of the level and timing of customer orders, mix of revenue, and fluctuations in materials and other costs and expenses. The level and timing of customer orders vary due to changes in demand for, and success in the marketplace of, their products, general economic conditions, their attempts to balance their inventory, availability of components and materials, and changes in their supply chain strategies or suppliers. Our annual and quarterly operating results are specifically affected by, among other factors: our mix of customers and the types of products or services we provide; the rate at which, the costs associated with, and the execution of, new program ramps; volumes and the seasonality of our business; price competition; the mix of manufacturing or service value-add; capacity utilization; manufacturing efficiency; the degree of automation used in the assembly process; the availability of components or labor; the timing of receiving components and materials; costs and inefficiencies of transferring programs between sites; program completions or losses, or customer disengagements and the timing and the margin of any replacement business; the impact of foreign exchange fluctuations; the performance of third-party providers; our ability to manage inventory, production location and equipment effectively; our ability to manage changing labor, component, energy and transportation costs effectively; fluctuations in variable compensation costs; the timing of our expenditures in anticipation of forecasted sales levels; and the timing of any acquisitions and related integration costs. Our operations may also be affected by natural disasters or other local risks present in the jurisdictions in which we, our suppliers, logistics partners, and/or our customers operate. These events could lead to higher costs or supply shortages or may disrupt the delivery of components to us or our ability to provide finished products or services to our customers, any of which could adversely affect our operating results.

 

In the EMS industry, customers award new programs or shift programs to other EMS providers for a number of reasons, including changes in demand for the customers’ products, pricing benefits offered by other EMS providers, execution or quality issues, preference for consolidation or a change in their supplier base, re-balancing the concentration or location of their EMS providers, consolidation among customers, and decisions to adjust the volume of business being outsourced. Customer or program transfers between EMS providers are part of the competitive nature of our industry. Some customers use more than one EMS provider to manufacture a product and/or may have the same EMS provider support them from more than one geographic location. Customers may choose to change the allocation of demand among their EMS providers and/or may shift programs from one region to another region within an EMS provider’s global network. Customers may also decide to insource production they had previously outsourced to utilize their internal capacity or for other reasons. Our operating results for each period include the impacts associated with new program wins, follow-on business, program completions or losses, as well as any acquisitions. The volume, profitability and the location of new business awards will vary from period-to-period and from program-to-program. Significant period-to-period variations can also result from the timing of new programs reaching full production or programs reaching end-of-life, the timing of follow-on or next generation programs and/or the timing of existing programs being fully or partially transferred internally or to a competitor.

 

Operating results expressed as a percentage of revenue:

 

11



 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

Revenue

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

Cost of sales

 

93.1

 

93.0

 

Gross profit

 

6.9

 

7.0

 

SG&A

 

3.8

 

3.7

 

Research and development costs

 

0.4

 

0.4

 

Amortization of intangible assets

 

0.2

 

0.1

 

Other charges

 

0.1

 

0.5

 

Finance costs

 

0.2

 

0.2

 

Earnings before income tax

 

2.2

 

2.1

 

Income tax expense

 

0.3

 

0.5

 

Net earnings

 

1.9

%

1.6

%

 

12



 

Revenue:

 

Revenue of $1.47 billion for the first quarter of 2017 increased 9% compared to the same period in 2016.

 

The following table sets forth revenue from our end markets as a percentage of our total revenue for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

 

 

Q1

 

Q2

 

Q3

 

Q4

 

FY

 

Q1

 

Communications

 

38

%

41

%

43

%

44

%

42

%

42

%

Advanced Technology Solutions (ATS)

 

37

%

33

%

32

%

29

%

32

%

34

%

Enterprise

 

25

%

26

%

25

%

27

%

26

%

24

%

Revenue (in billions)

 

$

1.35

 

$

1.49

 

$

1.55

 

$

1.62

 

$

6.02

 

$

1.47

 

 

From time to time, we experience some level of seasonality in our quarterly revenue patterns across some of the end markets we serve. However, the numerous factors described above that affect our period-to-period results make it difficult to isolate the impact of seasonality and other external factors on our business. In the past, revenue from our storage business has increased in the fourth quarter of the year compared to the third quarter, and then decreased in the first quarter of the following year, reflecting the increase in customer demand we typically experience in this business in the fourth quarter. In addition, we typically experience our lowest overall revenue levels during the first quarter of each year. There is no assurance that these patterns will continue.

 

Our communications end market represented 42% of total revenue for the first quarter of 2017, up from 38% of total revenue for the first quarter of 2016. Revenue dollars from this end market in the first quarter of 2017 increased 20% compared to the same period in 2016, primarily driven by demand strength from certain existing customer programs and new programs.

 

Our ATS end market represented 34% of total revenue for the first quarter of 2017, down from 37% of total revenue in the first quarter of 2016. Revenue dollars from our ATS end market for the first quarter of 2017 remained relatively flat compared to the same period in 2016, as growth primarily from our semiconductor and smart energy (other than solar panels) businesses was offset by a decrease in our solar panel revenue (which reflected a 13% decrease in total ATS revenue from the prior year period) due to our exit from the solar panel manufacturing business. Solar panel revenue, as a percentage of our total ATS revenue, was minimal for the first quarter of 2017 compared to 15% of total ATS revenue for the same period in 2016.

 

Our enterprise end market represented 24% of total revenue for the first quarter of 2017, down from 25% of total revenue in the first quarter of 2016. Revenue dollars from our enterprise end market increased 6% in the first quarter of 2017 compared to the same period in 2016, primarily driven by new programs.

 

For the first quarter of 2017, we had two customers that individually represented more than 10% of total revenue (first quarter of 2016 — two customers).

 

Although we supply products and services to over 100 customers, we depend upon a small number of customers for a substantial portion of our revenue. In the aggregate, our top 10 customers represented 70% of total revenue for the first quarter of 2017 (first quarter of 2016 — 65%; fourth quarter of 2016 —72%). We are dependent to a significant degree upon continued revenue from our largest customers. We generally enter into master supply agreements with our customers that provide the framework for our overall relationship. These agreements typically do not guarantee a particular level of business or fixed pricing. Instead, we bid on a program-by-program basis and typically receive customer purchase orders for specific quantities and timing of products. There can be no assurance that revenue from any of our major customers will continue at historical levels or will not decrease in absolute terms or as a percentage of total revenue. A significant revenue decrease or pricing pressures from these or other customers, or a loss of a major customer or program, could have a material adverse impact on our business, our operating results and our financial position. Some of our customer agreements require us to provide specific price reductions to our customers over the term of the contracts. To the extent we cannot compensate for such reductions, by

 

13



 

lowering our costs or raising prices elsewhere in an equivalent amount, these price reduction terms will negatively impact our margins and our operating results for any period during which unmitigated reductions are in effect.  In addition, as longer-term contracts are becoming more prevalent, we anticipate that these adverse effects will increasingly impact our business in future periods.

 

In the EMS industry, customers may cancel contracts and volume levels can be changed or delayed. Customers may also shift business to a competitor or bring programs in-house to improve their own utilization or to adjust the concentration of their supplier base to manage supply continuity risk. We cannot assure the replacement of completed, delayed, cancelled or reduced orders with new business. In addition, we cannot assure that any of our current customers will continue to utilize our services. Order cancellations and changes or delays in production could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and working capital performance, including requiring us to carry higher than expected levels of inventory. Order cancellations and delays could also lower our asset utilization, resulting in lower margins. Significant period-to-period changes in margins can also result if new program wins or follow-on business are more competitively priced than past programs.

 

Gross profit:

 

The following table shows gross profit and gross margin (gross profit as a percentage of total revenue) for the periods indicated:

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

Gross profit (in millions)

 

$

92.8

 

$

102.9

 

Gross margin

 

6.9

%

7.0

%

 

Compared to the first quarter of 2016, gross profit for the first quarter of 2017 increased 11%, primarily driven by higher revenue levels and margin improvements in our ATS end market, including in our semiconductor business, partially offset by unfavorable changes in program mix and pricing pressures primarily in our communications and enterprise end markets.

 

In general, multiple factors cause gross margin to fluctuate including, among others: volume and mix of products or services; higher/lower revenue concentration in lower gross margin products and end markets; pricing pressures; contract terms and conditions; production efficiencies; utilization of manufacturing capacity; changing material and labor costs, including variable labor costs associated with direct manufacturing employees; manufacturing and transportation costs; start-up and ramp-up activities; new product introductions; disruption in production at individual sites, including as a result of program transfers; cost structures at individual sites; foreign exchange volatility; and the availability of components and materials.

 

Our gross profit and SG&A (discussed below) are also impacted by the level of variable compensation expense we record in each period. Variable compensation expense includes expense related to awards under our team incentive plans available to eligible employees, our sales incentive plans, and our stock-based compensation plans, including stock options, PSUs and RSUs. See “Stock-based compensation” below. The amount of variable compensation expense related to performance-based compensation varies each period depending on the level of achievement of pre-determined performance goals and financial targets.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses:

 

SG&A for the first quarter of 2017 of $53.7 million (3.7% of total revenue) increased compared to $52.0 million (3.8% of total revenue) for the first quarter of 2016, primarily due to higher investments in our sales organization in the first quarter of 2017.

 

Stock-based compensation:

 

14



 

Our employee stock-based compensation expense, which excludes deferred share unit (DSU) expense, varies each period, and includes mark-to-market adjustments for any awards we settle in cash and any plan amendments. The portion of our expense that relates to performance-based compensation generally varies depending on our level of achievement of pre-determined performance goals and financial targets. The following table shows employee stock-based compensation for the periods indicated (in millions):

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

Employee stock-based compensation in cost of sales

 

$

4.5

 

$

5.1

 

Employee stock-based compensation in SG&A

 

4.9

 

5.9

 

Total

 

$

9.4

 

$

11.0

 

 

Compared to the first quarter of 2016, our employee stock-based compensation expense for the first quarter of 2017 increased by $1.6 million, primarily due to higher grant date fair values used to expense new grants in 2017, as well as higher accelerated recognition of stock-based compensation expense for employees eligible for retirement. Management currently intends to settle all outstanding share unit awards with subordinate voting shares purchased in the open market by a broker or by issuing subordinate voting shares from treasury.

 

In the first quarter of 2017, we also recorded DSU expense of $0.6 million (first quarter of 2016 — $0.5 million) through SG&A.

 

Other charges:

 

We have recorded the following restructuring and other charges (recoveries) for the periods indicated (in millions):

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

Restructuring charges (recoveries)

 

$

2.0

 

$

5.8

 

Other

 

(0.3

)

1.8

 

 

 

$

1.7

 

$

7.6

 

 

We perform ongoing evaluations of our business, operational efficiency and cost structure, and implement restructuring actions as we deem necessary. In connection therewith, we recorded restructuring charges of $5.8 million in the first quarter of 2017 consisting of employee termination costs resulting from the implementation of our Organizational Design and Global Business Services initiatives. Our restructuring provision at March 31, 2017 was $6.9 million (December 31, 2016 — $6.6 million) which we currently expect to pay during the remainder of 2017. All cash outlays have been, and the balance is expected to be, funded with cash on hand.

 

In order to further streamline our business and improve margin performance, we expect to continue to implement restructuring actions during the remainder of 2017.

 

We may also propose additional future restructuring actions or divestitures as a result of changes in our business (including as a result of our GBS and OD initiatives and/or other changes to our operating model), the marketplace and/or our exit from less profitable, under-performing, non-core or non-strategic operations. In addition, an increase in the frequency of customers transferring business to our EMS competitors, changes in the volumes they outsource, pricing pressures, or requests to transfer their programs among our sites or to lower-cost locations, may also result in our taking future restructuring actions. We may incur higher operating expenses during periods of transitioning programs within our network or to our competitors.

 

15



 

Any such restructuring activities, if undertaken at all, could adversely impact our operating and financial results, and may require us to further adjust our operations and internal processes and controls.

 

The recognition of restructuring charges requires us to make certain judgments and estimates regarding the nature, timing and amounts associated with our restructuring actions. Our major assumptions include the number of employees to be terminated and the timing of such terminations, the measurement of termination costs, the timing and amount of lease obligations and any sublease recoveries from exited sites, and the timing of disposition and estimated fair values of assets available for sale, as applicable. We develop detailed plans and record termination costs for employees informed of their termination. For leased facilities that we intend to exit, the lease obligation costs represent future contractual lease payments and cancellation fees, if any, less estimated sublease recoveries. We may engage independent brokers to determine the estimated fair values less costs to sell for assets we no longer use and which are available for sale. We recognize an impairment loss for assets whose carrying amount exceeds their respective fair values less costs to sell as determined by such independent brokers. We also record adjustments to reflect actual proceeds on disposition of these assets. At the end of each reporting period, we evaluate the appropriateness of our restructuring charges and balances. Further adjustments may be required to reflect actual experience or changes in estimates.

 

Other charges for the first quarter of 2017 represented $0.6 million in integration and transaction costs related to an acquisition we completed in the fourth quarter of 2016, as well as costs related to a prior legal matter.

 

16



 

Income taxes:

 

For the first quarter of 2017, we had a net income tax expense of $8.1 million on earnings before tax of $30.9 million, compared to a net income tax expense of $3.6 million on earnings before tax of $29.2 million for the first quarter of 2016.

 

Our current income tax expense for the first quarter of 2017 of $14.2 million consisted primarily of tax expense recorded in jurisdictions with current taxes payable and $4.4 million in withholding tax on dividends repatriated from one of our Chinese subsidiaries. Our deferred income tax benefit of $6.1 million for the first quarter of 2017 related to changes in temporary differences in various jurisdictions and the reversal of $4.4 million previously accrued in our deferred tax liabilities for the withholding taxes discussed above. Upon repatriation of the dividends, we reversed our previous provisions in deferred taxes and recorded a current income tax expense for withholding taxes.  The net effect of the dividend payment on our income tax expense for the first quarter of 2017 was nil. The impact of taxable foreign exchange on our net income tax expense for the first quarter of 2017 was minimal.

 

Our current income tax expense for the first quarter of 2016 of $9.0 million consisted primarily of tax expense recorded in jurisdictions with current taxes payable. Our deferred income tax recovery for the first quarter of 2016 of $5.4 million consisted primarily of net deferred income tax for changes in temporary differences in various jurisdictions. Our net income tax expense of $3.6 million for the first quarter of 2016 was favorably impacted by taxable foreign exchange benefits arising from the strengthening of the Malaysian ringgit and Chinese renminbi relative to the U.S. dollar.

 

We conduct business operations in a number of countries, including countries where tax incentives have been extended to encourage foreign investment or where income tax rates are low. Our effective tax rate can vary significantly from period to period for various reasons, including as a result of the mix and volume of business in various tax jurisdictions, and in jurisdictions with tax holidays and tax incentives that have been negotiated with the respective tax authorities (see discussion below). Our effective tax rate can also vary as a result of restructuring charges, foreign exchange fluctuations, operating losses, cash repatriations, certain tax exposures, the time period in which losses may be used under tax laws and whether management believes it is probable that future taxable profit will be available to allow us to recognize deferred income tax assets.

 

Certain countries in which we do business grant tax incentives to attract and retain our business. Our tax expense could increase significantly if certain tax incentives from which we benefit are retracted. A retraction could occur if we fail to satisfy the conditions on which these tax incentives are based, or if they are not renewed or replaced upon expiration. Our tax expense could also increase if tax rates applicable to us in such jurisdictions are otherwise increased, or due to changes in legislation or administrative practices. Changes in our outlook in any particular country could impact our ability to meet the required conditions.

 

We are currently negotiating Malaysian income tax incentives and expect to be granted new pioneer incentives for only limited portions of our Malaysian business. Since the expiry of our previous incentives at the end of 2014, we have been recording Malaysian income taxes at full statutory tax rates. As we continue to negotiate tax incentives with Malaysian authorities, including the activities covered, exemption levels, incentive conditions or commitments, and the effective commencement date of the incentive, we are currently unable to quantify the benefits or applicable periods of any such incentives, and there can be no assurance that any such incentives will be granted.

 

We have multiple income tax incentives in Thailand with varying exemption periods. These incentives initially allow for a 100% income tax exemption (including distribution taxes), which after eight years transition to a 50% income tax exemption for the next five years. Upon full expiry of each of the incentives, taxable profits associated with such expired tax incentives become fully taxable. Two of our remaining four Thailand tax incentives expire between 2019 and 2020, while the other two incentives will transition to the 50% exemption in 2022 and 2023, and expire in 2027 and 2028.

 

In certain jurisdictions, primarily in the Americas and Europe, we currently have significant net operating losses and other deductible temporary differences, which we expect will be used to reduce taxable income in these jurisdictions in future periods, although not all are currently recognized as deferred tax assets.

 

17



 

We develop our tax filing positions based upon the anticipated nature and structure of our business and the tax laws, administrative practices and judicial decisions currently in effect in the jurisdictions in which we have assets or conduct business, all of which are subject to change or differing interpretations, possibly with retroactive effect. We are subject to tax audits of historical information by tax authorities in various jurisdictions which could result in additional tax expense in future periods relating to prior results. Reviews by tax authorities generally focus on, but are not limited to, the validity of our inter-company transactions, including financing and transfer pricing policies which generally involve subjective areas of taxation and a significant degree of judgment. Any such increase in our income tax expense and related interest and/or penalties could have a significant adverse impact on our future earnings and future cash flows.

 

Certain of our subsidiaries provide financing, or products and services to, and may from time-to-time undertake certain significant transactions with other subsidiaries in different jurisdictions. Moreover, several jurisdictions in which we operate have tax laws with detailed transfer pricing rules which require that all transactions with non-resident related parties be priced using arm’s-length pricing principles, and that contemporaneous documentation must exist to support such pricing. As previously disclosed, Canadian tax authorities withdrew their position related to certain transfer pricing matters involving one of our Canadian subsidiaries and reversed their adjustments for the years 2001 through 2004. In connection therewith, in the second half of 2016, we recorded aggregate current income tax recoveries of $45 million Canadian dollars (approximately $34 million at the exchange rates at the time of recording) to reverse previously recorded provisions for tax uncertainties related to transfer pricing, as well as aggregate refund interest income of $19 million Canadian dollars (approximately $14 million at the exchange rates at the time of recording) for cash held on account with the tax authorities in connection with such matters. As previously disclosed, Canadian tax authorities had also taken an unfavorable position relating to the deductibility of certain Canadian interest amounts, which we successfully appealed. The Canadian tax authorities issued revised reassessments and the matter was closed in the fourth quarter of 2016. As a result of the resolution of the above tax matters, we received $70 million Canadian dollars (approximately $52 million at year-end exchange rates) during the fourth quarter of 2016, and $6 million Canadian dollars (approximately $4 million at settlement-date exchange rates) in January 2017. The aggregate amount of cash refunds received represented the return of all deposits and related refund interest in respect of the Canadian tax matters.

 

The successful pursuit of assertions made by any taxing authority could result in our owing significant amounts of tax, interest and possibly penalties. We believe we adequately accrue for any probable potential adverse tax ruling. However, there can be no assurance as to the final resolution of any claims and any resulting proceedings. If any claims and any ensuing proceedings are determined adversely to us, the amounts we may be required to pay could be material, and could be in excess of amounts accrued.

 

Acquisitions:

 

We may, at any time, be engaged in ongoing discussions with respect to possible acquisitions that could expand our service offerings, increase our penetration in various industries, establish strategic relationships with new or existing customers and/or enhance our global supply chain network. In November 2016, we acquired the business assets of Lorenz, Inc. and Suntek Manufacturing Technologies, SA de CV, collectively known as Karel Manufacturing (Karel) for a cash purchase price of $14.9 million. Karel is a manufacturing services company that specializes in complex wire harness assembly, systems integration, sheet metal fabrication, welding and machining, serving primarily aerospace and defense customers. This acquisition is intended to support our strategy to accelerate our growth in the aerospace and defense market through the addition of value-add capabilities and services.

 

In order to enhance our competitiveness and expand our revenue base or the services we offer our customers, we may also seek to grow our services or capabilities beyond our traditional areas of EMS expertise. There can be no assurance that any of these discussions will result in a definitive purchase agreement and, if they do, what the terms or timing of any such agreement would be. There can also be no assurance that an acquisition will be successfully integrated or will generate the returns we expect.

 

18



 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Liquidity

 

The following tables set forth key liquidity metrics for the periods indicated (in millions):

 

 

 

December 31

 

March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

557.2

 

$

558.0

 

Borrowings under credit facility

 

227.5

 

206.3

 

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

Cash provided by (used in) operating activities

 

$

(18.3

)

$

35.6

 

Cash used in investing activities

 

(12.9

)

(18.1

)

Cash used in financing activities

 

(2.6

)

(16.7

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Changes in non-cash working capital items (included in operating activities above):

 

 

 

 

 

A/R

 

$

26.6

 

$

65.2

 

Inventories

 

(61.3

)

(65.5

)

Other current assets

 

4.9

 

(8.4

)

A/P, accrued and other current liabilities and provisions

 

(31.2

)

(10.1

)

Working capital changes

 

$

(61.0

)

$

(18.8

)

 

Cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

 

In the first quarter of 2017, we generated $35.6 million of cash from operating activities compared to $18.3 million used in operating activities in the first quarter of 2016. The increase in cash generated from operating activities as compared to the first quarter of 2016 was primarily due to $42.2 million in lower working capital requirements in the first quarter of 2017, resulting most significantly from the timing of revenue and collections. This was offset by higher inventory levels in first quarter of 2017 as compared to the prior year period required primarily to support new customer programs.  Higher inventory levels in the first quarter of 2017 also resulted from demand changes from certain customers late in the quarter, and to a lesser extent, from delays in the availability of specific components required to complete certain of our products.

 

From time to time, we extend payment terms applicable to certain customers. If this becomes our practice, it could adversely impact our working capital requirements, and increase our financial exposure and credit risk. During the fourth quarter of 2016, the payment terms of one of our significant customers was extended. In connection therewith, we registered for that customer’s supplier financing program pursuant to which participating suppliers may sell A/R from such customer to a third-party bank on an uncommitted basis in order to receive earlier payment. At March 31, 2017, we sold $44.5 million of A/R under this program (March 31, 2016 — nil; December 31, 2016 — $51.4 million). We utilized this program to substantially offset the effect of the extended payment terms on our working capital for the period. We pay interest with respect to this arrangement, which we record in finance costs in our consolidated statement of operations.

 

Free cash flow (non-IFRS):

 

Our non-IFRS free cash flow of $13.5 million for the first quarter of 2017 increased $48.3 million compared to the first quarter of 2016, primarily due to a $53.9 million improvement in cash from operating activities in the first quarter of 2017 as compared to the same period of 2016, offset in part by $9.4 million in higher capital expenditures in the first quarter of 2017. Non-IFRS free cash flow is defined as cash provided by or used in operations after the purchase of property, plant and

 

19



 

equipment (net of proceeds from the sale of certain surplus equipment and property), finance lease payments, repayments from a former solar supplier, and finance costs paid. In periods where it is relevant (the third quarter of 2015), non-IFRS free cash flow also includes deposits received on the anticipated sale of our Toronto real property. Note, however, that non-IFRS free cash flow does not represent residual cash flow available to Celestica for discretionary expenditures.  Management uses non-IFRS free cash flow as a measure, in addition to IFRS cash provided by or used in operations, to assess our operational cash flow performance. We believe non-IFRS free cash flow provides another level of transparency to our liquidity. A reconciliation of this measure to cash provided by operating activities measured under IFRS is set forth below:

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

IFRS cash provided by (used in) operations

 

$

(18.3

)

$

35.6

 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment, net of sales proceeds

 

(15.9

)

(24.9

)

Finance lease payments

 

(1.3

)

(1.5

)

Repayments from solar supplier

 

3.0

 

6.8

 

Finance costs paid

 

(2.3

)

(2.5

)

Non-IFRS free cash flow

 

$

(34.8

)

$

13.5

 

 

Cash used in investing activities:

 

Our capital expenditures for the first quarter of 2017 was $25.5 million compared to $16.1 million for the first quarter of 2016, primarily as a result of increased investments and the timing of payments. The capital expenditures were incurred primarily to enhance our manufacturing capabilities in various geographies and to support new customer programs. We funded these capital expenditures from cash on hand.

 

In 2015, we entered into a supply agreement with a solar supplier that included a commitment by us to provide cash advances to help secure our solar cell supply. We received cash repayments of $6.8 million from this solar supplier in the first quarter of 2017 (first quarter of 2016 — $3.0 million).

 

Cash used in financing activities:

 

Share repurchases for cancellation:

 

During the first quarter of 2016, we paid $34.3 million (including transaction fees) to repurchase and cancel 3.2 million subordinate voting shares under our 2016 NCIB at a weighted average price of $10.69 per share, including 2.8 million subordinate voting shares repurchased under a $30.0 million PSR we funded in March 2016. Our 2016 NCIB expired in February 2017. We did not repurchase any shares for cancellation during the first quarter of 2017.

 

Financing:

 

During the first quarter of 2016, we borrowed $40.0 million under the Revolving Facility in order to fund the share repurchases under our 2016 NCIB (see above), and we made a scheduled quarterly principal repayment of $6.25 million under the Term Loan. During the first quarter of 2017, we made a scheduled quarterly principal repayment of $6.25 million under the Term Loan and a $15.0 million repayment under the Revolving Facility. During the first quarter of 2017, we paid finance costs of $1.7 million (first quarter of 2016 — $1.7 million) under our credit facility.

 

Treasury share repurchases:

 

During the first quarter of 2017, we paid $1.3 million (including transaction fees) for a broker to purchase 0.09 million subordinate voting shares in the open market to satisfy our obligations under our stock-based compensation plans (first quarter of 2016 — nil).

 

20



 

Finance lease payments:

 

During the first quarter of 2017, we paid $1.5 million under our finance lease agreements (see “Cash Requirements” below). Payments under these leases reduce our non-IFRS free cash flow. At March 31, 2017, we had a total of $22.1 million of finance lease obligations outstanding, of which $14.3 million relate to manufacturing equipment for our former solar panel business. As discussed above, we intend to terminate these leases upon disposition of the underlying solar equipment and settle the remaining lease obligations in 2017. See “Summary of Q1 2017” above.

 

21



 

Cash requirements:

 

We maintain a revolving credit facility, uncommitted bank overdraft facilities, and an A/R sales program, and participate in a customer’s supplier financing program, to provide short-term liquidity and to have funds available for working capital and other investments to support our strategic priorities. Our working capital requirements can vary significantly from month-to-month due to a range of business factors, including the ramping of new programs, expansion of our services and business operations, timing of purchases, higher levels of inventory for new programs and anticipated customer demand, timing of payments and A/R collections, and customer forecasting variations. The international scope of our operations may also create working capital requirements in certain countries while other countries generate cash in excess of working capital needs. Moving cash between countries on a short-term basis to fund working capital is not always expedient due to local currency regulations, tax considerations, and other factors. To meet our working capital requirements and to provide short-term liquidity, we may draw on our Revolving Facility or sell A/R through our A/R sales program or participate in a customer’s supplier financing program, while available. The timing and the amounts we borrow or repay under these facilities can vary significantly from month-to-month depending upon our cash requirements. In addition, since our A/R sales program and the supplier financing program are both on an uncommitted basis, there can be no assurance that any participant bank will purchase the accounts receivable we wish to sell to them under these programs. See “Capital Resources” below.

 

We do not believe that the aggregate amounts outstanding under our credit facility have had or will have a material adverse impact on our liquidity, our results of operations or financial condition. We are required to make quarterly principal payments on the Term Loan of $6.25 million. We anticipate that interest on the Term Loan, based on current interest rates, will be approximately $2 million per quarter. Any increase in prevailing interest rates or margins could cause this amount to increase. See “Capital Resources — Financial risks — Interest rate risk” below.  We believe that cash flow from operating activities, together with cash on hand, remaining availability under our Revolving Facility and intra-day and overnight bank overdraft facilities, and cash from the sale of A/R, will be sufficient to fund our currently anticipated working capital needs and planned capital spending (including the commitments described elsewhere herein).

 

We may issue debt, convertible debt or equity securities in the future to fund operations or make acquisitions. Equity or convertible debt securities could dilute current shareholders’ positions; debt or convertible debt securities could have rights and privileges senior to those of equity holders and the terms of these debt securities could impose restrictions on our operations. The pricing of any such securities would be subject to market conditions at the time of issuance.

 

As at March 31, 2017, a significant portion of our cash and cash equivalents was held by foreign subsidiaries outside of Canada. Most of these amounts, however, are subject to withholding taxes upon repatriation under current tax laws. Cash and cash equivalents held by subsidiaries related to undistributed earnings that are considered indefinitely reinvested outside of Canada (which we do not intend to repatriate in the foreseeable future) are not subject to these withholding taxes. We currently expect to repatriate approximately $34 million from our Chinese subsidiaries in the near term and have recorded the anticipated future withholding taxes as deferred income tax liabilities. While some of our subsidiaries are subject to local governmental restrictions on the flow of capital into and out of their jurisdictions (including in the form of cash dividends, loans or advances to us), which is required or desirable from time to time to meet our international working capital needs and other business objectives (as described above), these restrictions have not had a material impact on our ability to meet our cash obligations.

 

Our capital spending varies each period based on the timing of new business wins and forecasted sales levels. Based on our current operating plans, we anticipate capital spending for 2017 to be approximately 1% to 1.5% of revenue, and expect to fund these expenditures from cash on hand and through the financing agreements described below under “Capital Resources”.

 

Customer or program transfers between EMS providers are part of the competitive nature of our industry. From time-to-time, we make commitments to purchase assets, primarily inventory, or fund certain costs, as part of transitioning programs from a customer or a competitor.   In the fourth quarter of 2016, we made a commitment to one of our customers to purchase approximately $30 million of inventory and assume the relevant workforce in connection with a program that is currently

 

22



 

anticipated to transfer to us in the third quarter of 2017, however the final amount will be determined at the time of the program transfer.

 

We have entered into financing agreements for the lease of machinery and equipment. For leases where the risks and rewards of ownership have substantially transferred to us, we capitalize the leased asset and record a corresponding liability on our consolidated balance sheet. In relation to our former solar business, we entered into five-year lease agreements in April 2015, pursuant to which we leased $19.3 million of manufacturing equipment for our solar operations in Asia. At March 31, 2017, our remaining solar equipment lease obligations totaled $14.3 million, which we have recorded as current liabilities as we intend to terminate and settle these leases in 2017.

 

On July 23, 2015, we entered into a property sale agreement (the Property Sale Agreement) to sell our real property located in Toronto, Ontario, which includes the site of our corporate headquarters and our Toronto manufacturing operations, to a special purpose entity (the Property Purchaser) to be formed by a consortium of three real estate developers. Subject to completion of the transaction, the purchase price is approximately $137 million Canadian dollars (approximately $103 million at period-end exchange rates), exclusive of applicable taxes and subject to certain adjustments. Upon execution of the Property Sale Agreement, the Property Purchaser paid us a cash deposit of $15 million Canadian dollars ($11.2 million at the then-prevailing exchange rate), which is non-refundable except in limited circumstances. Upon closing, which is subject to various conditions, including municipal approvals, and is currently anticipated to occur in 2018, the Property Purchaser is to pay us an additional $53.5 million Canadian dollars in cash (approximately $40 million at period-end exchange rates). The balance of the purchase price is to be satisfied upon closing by an interest-free, first-ranking mortgage in the amount of $68.5 million Canadian dollars (approximately $51 million at period-end exchange rates) to be registered on title to the property and having a term of two years from the closing date. There can be no assurance that this transaction will be completed within the expected time period, or at all. As part of the transaction, we have agreed, upon closing, to enter into an interim lease for our existing corporate head office and manufacturing premises on a portion of the real estate for an initial two-year term on a rent-free basis (subject to certain payments including taxes and utilities), which is to be followed by a longer-term lease for our new corporate headquarters, on commercially reasonable arm’s-length terms. Should the transaction close, we expect to be able to find a replacement site on commercially acceptable terms for our Toronto manufacturing operations, but there can be no assurance that this will be the case. Should the transaction close, we expect to incur significant transition costs to transfer the manufacturing operations to an alternate location and to prepare and customize the new site to meet our manufacturing needs. The costs, timing, and execution of this relocation could have a material adverse impact on our business, our operating results and our financial position.

 

We have granted share unit awards to employees under our stock-based compensation plans. Under one such plan, we have the option to satisfy the delivery of shares upon vesting of the awards by purchasing subordinate voting shares in the open market or by settling such awards in cash, although we currently expect to satisfy these awards with subordinate voting shares purchased in the open market. Under our other stock-based compensation plan, we may (at the time of grant) authorize the grantee to elect to settle awards in either cash or subordinate voting shares. Absent such permitted election, grants will be settled in subordinate voting shares, which may be purchased in the open market or issued from treasury, subject to certain limits. The timing of, and the amounts paid for, these purchases can vary from period to period. We have funded, and expect to continue to fund, share repurchases for this purpose from cash on hand.

 

Historically, we have funded share repurchases under our NCIBs and our substantial issuer bids (SIB) from cash on hand, borrowings under our credit facility, or a combination thereof. During the first quarter of 2017, we did not repurchase any subordinate voting shares in the open market for cancellation. In the first quarter of 2016, we funded our share repurchases under the 2016 NCIB including a $30.0 million PSR thereunder, from borrowings under our Revolving Facility.

 

We provide routine indemnifications, the terms of which range in duration and often are not explicitly defined. These may include indemnifications against third-party intellectual property infringement claims and certain third-party negligence claims for property damage. We have also provided indemnifications in connection with the sale of certain businesses and real property. The maximum potential liability from these indemnifications cannot be reasonably estimated. In some cases, we have

 

23



 

recourse against other parties to mitigate our risk of loss from these indemnifications. Historically, we have not made significant payments relating to these types of indemnifications.

 

Litigation and contingencies:

 

In the normal course of our operations, we may be subject to lawsuits, investigations and other claims, including environmental, labor, product, customer disputes and other matters. Management believes that adequate provisions have been recorded in the accounts where required. Although it is not always possible to estimate the extent of potential costs, if any, management believes that the ultimate resolution of all such pending matters will not have a material adverse impact on our financial performance, financial position or liquidity.

 

In 2007, securities class action proceedings were initiated against us and our former Chief Executive and Chief Financial Officers in the Ontario Superior Court of Justice. The proceedings were finally dismissed on January 16, 2017 with no payments by the defendants.

 

See “Operating Results — Income taxes” above for a description of the status of certain income tax settlements and contingencies.

 

24



 

Capital Resources

 

Our capital resources consist of cash, short-term investments, access to a revolving credit facility, intraday and overnight bank overdraft facilities, an A/R sales program, a customer’s supplier financing program and capital stock. We regularly review our borrowing capacity and make adjustments, as permitted, for changes in economic conditions and changes in our requirements. We centrally manage our funding and treasury activities in accordance with corporate policies, the main objectives of which are to ensure appropriate levels of liquidity, to have funds available for working capital or other investments we determine are required to grow our business, to comply with debt covenants, to maintain adequate levels of insurance, and to balance our exposures to market risks.

 

At March 31, 2017, we had cash and cash equivalents of $558.0 million (December 31, 2016 — $557.2 million), of which approximately 88% was cash and 12% was cash equivalents, consisting of bank deposits. The majority of our cash and cash equivalents was denominated in U.S. dollars, and the remainder was held primarily in Canadian dollars and Chinese renminbi.

 

The majority of our cash and cash equivalents is held with financial institutions each of which had at March 31, 2017 a Standard and Poor’s short-term rating of A-1 or above. Our cash and cash equivalents are subject to intra-quarter swings, generally related to the timing of A/R collections, inventory purchases and payments, and other capital uses.

 

We are party to an amended and restated credit agreement that consists of a $300.0 million Revolving Facility and a $250.0 million non-revolving Term Loan (which is fully drawn), each of which matures in May 2020. The Term Loan was used to fund a portion of our share repurchases under a 2015 SIB.  The remainder of the SIB was funded with, $25.0 million drawn on the Revolving Facility and $75.0 million in cash. The Revolving Facility has an accordion feature that allows us to increase the $300.0 million limit by an additional $150.0 million on an uncommitted basis upon satisfaction of certain terms and conditions. The Revolving Facility also includes a $25.0 million swing line, subject to the overall revolving credit limit, that provides for short-term borrowings up to a maximum of seven days. The Revolving Facility permits us and certain designated subsidiaries to borrow funds for general corporate purposes, including acquisitions. Borrowings under the Revolving Facility bear interest for the period of the draw at various base rates selected by us consisting of LIBOR, Prime, Base Rate Canada, and Base Rate (each as defined in the amended credit agreement), plus a margin. The margin for borrowings under the Revolving Facility ranges from 0.6% to 1.4% (except in the case of the LIBOR base rate, in which case, the margin ranges from 1.6% to 2.4%), based on a specified financial ratio based on indebtedness. Outstanding amounts under the Revolving Facility are due at maturity (but are required to be repaid prior thereto under specified circumstances). Amounts under the Revolving Facility are generally drawn for fixed periods of time, and if repaid, can be redrawn until the maturity date of the facility. The Term Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin ranging from 2.0% to 3.0% based on the same financial ratio. The Term Loan requires quarterly principal repayments of $6.25 million, with the remainder due at maturity. We are permitted to make voluntary prepayments of the Term Loan, subject to certain terms and conditions. Prepayments on the Term Loan are also required under certain circumstances. Repaid amounts on the Term Loan may not be re-borrowed. During the first quarter of 2016, we borrowed $40.0 million under the Revolving Facility to fund share repurchases under our 2016 NCIB, including a $30.0 million PSR thereunder. In 2016, we repaid a total of $50.0 million under the Revolving Facility and $25.0 million under the Term Loan. During the first quarter of 2017, we repaid the remaining $15.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility, made a scheduled principal payment of $6.25 million under the Term Loan, and incurred $1.7 million in interest expense under our credit facility (first quarter of 2016 — $1.7 million in interest expense).

 

We are required to comply with certain restrictive covenants under the credit facility, including those relating to the incurrence of senior ranking indebtedness, the sale of assets, a change of control, and certain financial covenants related to indebtedness and interest coverage. Certain of our assets are pledged as security for borrowings under this facility. If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the administrative agent may declare all advances on the facility to be immediately due and payable and may cancel the lenders’ commitments to make further advances thereunder. At March 31, 2017, there was $206.3 million outstanding under our credit facility, all under the Term Loan, and we were in compliance with all restrictive and financial covenants thereunder. At December 31, 2016, there was $227.5 million outstanding under our credit facility, including

 

25



 

$15.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Facility, and we were in compliance with all restrictive and financial covenants thereunder. The credit facility is scheduled to mature in May 2020.

 

At March 31, 2017, we had $22.2 million (December 31, 2016 — $25.8 million) outstanding in letters of credit under the Revolving Facility. We also arrange letters of credit and surety bonds outside of the Revolving Facility. At March 31, 2017, we had $12.3 million (December 31, 2016 — $12.0 million) of such letters of credit and surety bonds outstanding.

 

At March 31, 2017, we had $277.8 million available under the Revolving Facility for future borrowings. We also have a total of $73.5 million of uncommitted bank overdraft facilities available for intraday and overnight operating requirements. There were no amounts outstanding under these overdraft facilities at March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016.

 

We have an accounts receivable sales agreement to sell up to $200.0 million (reduced from $250.0 million on March 23,  2017 based on a review of our requirements under this agreement) at any one time in accounts receivable on an uncommitted basis (subject to pre-determined limits by customer) to two third-party banks. Each of these banks had a Standard and Poor’s short-term rating of A-2 or above and a long-term rating of A- or above at March 31, 2017. The term of this agreement has been annually extended in recent years for additional one-year periods (and is currently extendable to November 2018 under specified circumstances), but may be terminated earlier as provided in the agreement. At March 31, 2017, $50.0 million (December 31, 2016 — $50.0 million) of A/R were sold under this facility, and de-recognized from our accounts receivable balance. As our A/R sales program is on an uncommitted basis, there can be no assurance that any of the banks will purchase the A/R we intend to sell to them under this program.

 

We have entered into an agreement with a third-party bank as part of a customer’s supplier financing program. The successor company in an August 2016 acquisition of one of our significant customers (Successor Customer) has required longer than historical payment terms commencing with orders after October 1, 2016. In connection therewith, we registered for the Successor Customer’s supplier financing program pursuant to which participating suppliers may sell accounts receivable from the Successor Customer to a third-party bank on an uncommitted basis in order to receive earlier payment. At March 31, 2017, we sold $44.5 million of accounts receivable under this program (December 31, 2016 — $51.4 million). We utilized this program to substantially offset the effect of the extended payment terms on our working capital for the period. As the supplier financing program is on an uncommitted basis, there can be no assurance that the bank will purchase the A/R we intend to sell to them thereunder.

 

The timing and the amounts we borrow and repay under our revolving credit and overdraft facilities, or sell under our A/R sales program or the supplier financing program, can vary significantly from month-to-month depending upon our working capital and other cash requirements.

 

Our strategy on capital risk management has not changed significantly since the end of 2016. Other than the restrictive and financial covenants associated with our credit facility noted above, we are not subject to any contractual or regulatory capital requirements. While some of our international operations are subject to government restrictions on the flow of capital into and out of their jurisdictions, these restrictions have not had a material impact on our operations or cash flows.

 

Financial instruments:

 

Our short-term investment objectives are to preserve principal and to maximize yields without significantly increasing risk, while at the same time not materially restricting our short-term access to cash. To achieve these objectives, we maintain a portfolio consisting of a variety of securities, including bank deposits and certain money market funds that primarily hold U.S. government securities, as applicable.  A U.S. government shutdown could result in a default by the U.S. government on such securities, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

 

The majority of our cash balances are held in U.S. dollars. We price the majority of our products in U.S. dollars and the majority of our materials costs are also denominated in U.S. dollars. However, a significant portion of our non-materials costs (including payroll, pensions, site costs and costs of locally sourced supplies and inventory) are denominated in various

 

26



 

other currencies. As a result, we may experience foreign exchange gains or losses on translation or transactions due to currency fluctuations.

 

We have a foreign exchange risk management policy in place to govern our hedging activities. We do not enter into speculative trades. Our current hedging activity is designed to reduce the variability of our foreign currency costs where we have local manufacturing operations. We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge our cash flow exposures and foreign currency swaps to hedge our balance sheet exposures. Balance sheet hedges are based on our forecasts of the future position of net monetary assets or liabilities denominated in foreign currencies and, therefore, may not mitigate the full impact of any translation impacts in the future. There can be no assurance that our hedging transactions will be successful in mitigating our foreign exchange risk.

 

At March 31, 2017, we had foreign exchange forwards and swaps to trade U.S. dollars in exchange for the following currencies:

 

Currency

 

Contract amount
in
U.S. dollars (in
millions)

 

Weighted
average
exchange rate
of U.S. dollars

 

Maximum
period in
months

 

Fair value
gain (loss) (in
millions)

 

Canadian dollar

 

$

221.8

 

$

0.76

 

13

 

$

(0.8

)

Thai baht

 

78.8

 

0.03

 

12

 

1.8

 

Malaysian ringgit

 

47.9

 

0.23

 

12

 

(1.2

)

Mexican peso

 

22.7

 

0.05

 

12

 

1.4

 

British pound

 

55.1

 

1.24

 

4

 

(1.2

)

Chinese renminbi

 

72.3

 

0.15

 

12

 

(0.7

)

Euro

 

38.8

 

1.07

 

12

 

(0.4

)

Romanian leu

 

22.3

 

0.24

 

12

 

(0.5

)

Singapore dollar

 

20.6

 

0.71

 

12

 

0.1

 

Other

 

5.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

$

585.8

 

 

 

 

 

$

(1.5

)

 

These contracts, which generally extend for periods of up to 13 months, will expire by the end of the second quarter of 2018. The fair value of the outstanding contracts at March 31, 2017 was a net unrealized loss of $1.5 million (December 31, 2016 — net unrealized loss of $9.6 million). The unrealized gains or losses are a result of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates between the date the currency forward contracts were entered into and the valuation date at period end.

 

Financial risks:

 

We are exposed to a variety of risks associated with financial instruments and otherwise.

 

Currency risk: Due to the global nature of our operations, we are exposed to exchange rate fluctuations on our financial instruments denominated in various currencies. The majority of our currency risk is driven by operational costs, including income tax expense, incurred in local currencies by our subsidiaries. As part of our risk management program, we attempt to mitigate currency risk through a hedging program using forecasts of our anticipated future cash flows and balance sheet exposures denominated in foreign currencies. We enter into foreign exchange forward contracts, generally for periods up to 13 months, to lock in the exchange rates for future foreign currency transactions, which is intended to reduce the variability of our operating costs and future cash flows denominated in local currencies. While these contracts are intended to reduce the effects of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, our hedging strategy does not mitigate the longer-term impacts of changes to foreign exchange rates. Although our functional currency is the U.S. dollar, currency risk on our income tax expense arises as we are generally required to file our tax returns in the local currency for each particular country in which we have operations. While our hedging program is designed to mitigate currency risk vis-à-vis the U.S. dollar, we remain subject to taxable foreign exchange impacts in our translated local currency financial results relevant for tax reporting purposes. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.

 

27



 

We cannot predict changes in currency exchange rates, the impact of exchange rate changes on our operating results, nor the degree to which we will be able to manage the impact of currency exchange rate changes. Such changes, including as a result of Brexit or other global events impacting currency exchange rates could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

Interest rate risk: Borrowings under our credit facility bear interest at specified rates, plus specified margins (as described above). Our borrowings under this facility, expose us to interest rate risk due to potential increases to the specified rates and margins. A one-percentage point increase in these rates would increase interest expense, based on outstanding borrowings of $206.3 million at March 31, 2017, by approximately $2.1 million annually.

 

Credit risk: Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty may default on its contractual obligations resulting in a financial loss to us. We believe our credit risk of counterparty non-performance is relatively low, however, if a key supplier (or any company within our supply chain) or customer experiences financial difficulties or fails to comply with their contractual obligations, this could result in a financial loss to us. See “Overview of business environment” above. With respect to our financial market activities, we have adopted a policy of dealing only with credit-worthy counterparties to help mitigate the risk of financial loss from defaults. We monitor the credit risk of the counterparties with whom we conduct business, through a combined process of credit rating reviews and portfolio reviews. To attempt to mitigate the risk of financial loss from defaults under our foreign currency forward exchange contracts, our contracts are held by counterparty financial institutions, each of which had at March 31, 2017 a Standard and Poor’s rating of A-2 or above. In addition, we maintain cash and short-term investments in highly rated investments or on deposit with major financial institutions. Each financial institution with which we have our A/R sales program and the supplier financing program had a Standard and Poor’s short-term rating of A-2 or above and a long-term rating of A- or above at March 31, 2017. Each financial institution from which annuities have been purchased for the defined benefit component of a pension plan had an A.M. Best or Standard and Poor’s long-term rating of A-1 or above at March 31, 2017. We also provide unsecured credit to our customers in the normal course of business. From time to time, we extend the payment terms applicable to certain customers. If this becomes our practice, it could adversely impact our working capital requirements, and increase our financial exposure and credit risk. We attempt to mitigate customer credit risk by monitoring our customers’ financial condition and performing ongoing credit evaluations as appropriate. We may also purchase credit insurance from a financial institution to reduce our credit exposure to certain customers. We consider credit risk in determining our allowance for doubtful accounts and we believe our allowances are adequate.

 

Liquidity risk: Liquidity risk is the risk that we may not have cash available to satisfy our financial obligations as they come due. The majority of our financial liabilities recorded in accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities and provisions are due within 90 days. We believe that cash flow from operating activities, together with cash on hand, cash from the sale of A/R, and borrowings available under our Revolving Facility and intraday and overnight bank overdraft facilities are sufficient to fund our currently anticipated financial obligations.

 

See note 21 to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements for further details.

 

Related Party Transactions

 

Onex Corporation (Onex) beneficially owns or controls, directly or indirectly, all of our outstanding multiple voting shares. Accordingly, Onex has the ability to exercise significant influence over our business and affairs and generally has the power to determine all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders where the subordinate voting shares and multiple voting shares vote together as a single class. Mr. Gerald Schwartz, the Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of Onex, was also one of our directors (until December 31, 2016), and holds, directly or indirectly, shares representing the majority of the voting rights of Onex.

 

In January 2009, we entered into a Services Agreement with Onex for the services of Mr. Schwartz as a director of Celestica, pursuant to which Onex received compensation for such services. The initial term of this agreement was one year and it automatically renews for successive one-year terms unless either party provides a notice of intent not to renew. In

 

28



 

connection with the retirement of Mr. Schwartz from our Board of Directors as of December 31, 2016, and the appointment of Mr. Tawfiq Popatia (also an officer of Onex) as his replacement effective January 1, 2017, the Services Agreement was amended as of such date to replace all references to Mr. Schwartz therein with references to Mr. Popatia, and to increase the annual fee payable to Onex thereunder from $200,000 per year to $235,000 per year (to be consistent with current annual Board retainer fees), payable in DSUs in equal quarterly installments in arrears. The Services Agreement terminates automatically and the rights of Onex to receive compensation (other than accrued and unpaid compensation) will terminate (a) 30 days after the first day on which Onex ceases to hold at least one multiple voting share of Celestica or any successor company or (b) the date Mr. Popatia ceases to be a director of Celestica for any reason.

 

Also see discussion in “Cash requirements” above for a description of the Property Sale Agreement (and expected lease arrangements) with respect to our real property located in Toronto, Ontario (which includes our corporate headquarters and our Toronto manufacturing operations). Approximately 30% of the interests in the Property Purchaser are to be held by a privately-held company in which Mr. Schwartz has a material interest. Mr. Schwartz also has a non-voting interest in an entity which is to have an approximate 25% interest in the Property Purchaser.

 

Outstanding Share Data

 

As of April 13, 2017, we had 124,276,149 outstanding subordinate voting shares and 18,946,368 outstanding multiple voting shares. As of such date, we also had 864,828 outstanding stock options, 3,902,287 outstanding RSUs, 5,766,364 outstanding PSUs (assuming a maximum payout), and 1,496,065 outstanding DSUs, each vested option or unit entitling the holder thereof to receive one subordinate voting share (or in certain cases, cash) pursuant to the terms thereof (subject to certain time or performance-based vesting conditions).

 

29



 

Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures:

 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining a system of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the U.S. Exchange Act) designed to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the U.S. Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the U.S. Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and principal financial officer or officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

Under the supervision of and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2017. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of March 31, 2017, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to meet the requirements of Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the U.S. Exchange Act.

 

A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that its objectives are met. Due to inherent limitations in all such systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues within a company have been detected. Accordingly, our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of our disclosure control system are met.

 

Changes in internal control over financial reporting:

 

We did not identify any change in our internal control over financial reporting in connection with our evaluation thereof, that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting:

 

Reference is made to our Management’s Report on page F-1 of our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2016. Our auditors, KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, have issued an audit report on our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016. This report appears on page F-2 of such Annual Report.

 

Unaudited Quarterly Financial Highlights (in millions, except percentages and per share amounts):

 

30



 

 

 

2015

 

2016

 

2017

 

 

 

Second
Quarter

 

Third
Quarter

 

Fourth
Quarter

 

First
Quarter

 

Second
Quarter

 

Third
Quarter

 

Fourth
Quarter

 

First
Quarter

 

Revenue

 

$

1,417.3

 

$

1,408.5

 

$

1,514.9

 

$

1,353.3

 

$

1,485.5

 

$

1,554.0

 

$

1,623.7

 

$

1,469.9

 

Gross profit %

 

6.9

%

7.2

%

6.7

%

6.9

%

7.5

%

7.1

%

6.9

%

7.0

%

Net earnings

 

$

24.2

 

$

10.9

 

$

12.1

 

$

25.6

 

$

36.2

 

$

53.6

 

$

20.9

 

$

22.8

 

Weighted average # of basic shares

 

164.9

 

143.0

 

143.1

 

143.5

 

142.1

 

140.8

 

140.9

 

142.1

 

Weighted average # of diluted shares

 

166.9

 

145.3

 

145.2

 

145.2

 

144.1

 

143.0

 

143.4

 

144.0

 

# of shares outstanding

 

142.9

 

143.0

 

143.5

 

143.3

 

140.7

 

140.8

 

140.9

 

143.2

 

IFRS earnings per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

basic

 

$

0.15

 

$

0.08

 

$

0.08

 

$

0.18

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.38

 

$

0.15

 

$

0.16

 

diluted

 

$

0.14

 

$

0.08

 

$

0.08

 

$

0.18

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.37

 

$

0.15

 

$

0.16

 

 

Comparability quarter-to-quarter:

 

The quarterly data reflects the following: the fourth quarters of 2015 and 2016 include the results of our annual impairment testing of goodwill, intangible assets and property, plant and equipment; and all quarters have been impacted by our restructuring actions. The amounts attributable to these items vary from quarter-to-quarter.

 

First quarter 2017 compared to fourth quarter 2016:

 

Revenue of $1.47 billion for the first quarter of 2017 decreased 9% compared to the fourth quarter of 2016. Compared to the previous quarter, revenue dollars from our enterprise end market decreased 19%, and revenue dollars from our communications end market decreased 13%, primarily due in each case to seasonal demand reductions in the first quarter of 2017. These decreases were offset in part by a 4% sequential revenue increase in our ATS end market, primarily due to strong demand in our semiconductor business and new programs in our smart energy (excluding solar panels) business. Gross margin for the first quarter of 2017 increased to 7.0% of total revenue compared to 6.9% of total revenue for the fourth quarter of 2016. Although revenue was lower in the first quarter of 2017, gross margin was positively impacted by changes in program mix and improved performance of our semiconductor business. Net earnings for the first quarter of 2017 of $22.8 million were $1.9 million higher compared to the previous quarter, as the benefits from $18.2 million in lower restructuring and other charges in the first quarter of 2017 were substantially offset by lower gross profit in the first quarter of 2017 (notwithstanding an increase in gross margin for the same period), and the $8.3 million of refund interest income recorded in the fourth quarter of 2016.

 

First quarter 2017 actual compared to guidance:

 

IFRS earnings per share (EPS) for the first quarter of 2017 was $0.16 on a diluted basis. IFRS EPS for the first quarter of 2017 reflected an aggregate charge of $0.13 (pre-tax) per share for employee stock-based compensation expense, amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software) and restructuring charges, which was within the range we provided on January 26, 2017 of an aggregate charge of between $0.11 and $0.17 per share for these items. IFRS earnings before income taxes as a percentage of revenue for the first quarter of 2017 was 2.1%.

 

On January 26, 2017, we provided the following guidance for the first quarter of 2017:

 

 

 

Q1 2017

 

 

 

Guidance

 

Actual

 

IFRS revenue (in billions)

 

$1.4 to $1.5

 

$1.47

 

Non-IFRS operating margin

 

3.5% at the mid-point of expectations

 

3.6%

 

Non-IFRS adjusted earnings per share (diluted)

 

$0.24 to $0.30

 

$0.29

 

 

31



 

For the first quarter of 2017, revenue of $1.47 billion was above the mid-point of our guidance range. Our non-IFRS operating margin of 3.6% for the first quarter of 2017 was above the mid-point of our expectations. Our non-IFRS adjusted EPS of $0.29 per share for the first quarter of 2017 was towards the high end of our guidance range.

 

Our guidance includes a range for adjusted EPS (which is a non-IFRS measure and is defined below). Management considers non-IFRS adjusted EPS to be an important measure for investors to understand our core operating performance. A reconciliation of non-IFRS adjusted net earnings to IFRS net earnings is set forth below.

 

Non-IFRS measures:

 

Management uses adjusted net earnings and the other non-IFRS measures described herein (i) to assess operating performance and the effective use and allocation of resources, (ii) to provide more meaningful period-to-period comparisons of operating results, (iii) to enhance investors’ understanding of the core operating results of our business, and (iv) to set management incentive targets. We believe the non-IFRS measures we present herein are useful to investors, as they enable investors to evaluate and compare our results from operations and cash resources generated from our business in a more consistent manner (by excluding specific items that we do not consider to be reflective of our ongoing operating results) and provide an analysis of operating results using the same measures our chief operating decision makers use to measure performance. In addition, management believes that the use of a non-IFRS adjusted effective tax rate provides improved insight into the tax effects of our ongoing business operations, and is useful to management and investors for historical comparisons and forecasting. These non-IFRS financial measures result largely from management’s determination that the facts and circumstances surrounding the excluded charges or recoveries are not indicative of the ordinary course of the ongoing operation of our business.

 

We believe investors use both IFRS and non-IFRS measures to assess management’s past, current and future decisions associated with our priorities and our allocation of capital, as well as to analyze how our business operates in, or responds to, swings in economic cycles or to other events that impact our core operations.

 

In addition to cash cycle days (including the components thereof) and inventory turns (each described under the caption “Other Performance Indicators” above), which have no defined meanings under IFRS, we use the following non-IFRS measures: adjusted gross profit, adjusted gross margin (adjusted gross profit as a percentage of revenue), adjusted SG&A, adjusted SG&A as a percentage of revenue, operating earnings (adjusted EBIAT), operating margin (operating earnings as a percentage of revenue), adjusted net earnings, adjusted EPS, adjusted ROIC, free cash flow and adjusted effective tax rate. Adjusted EBIAT, adjusted ROIC, free cash flow and adjusted effective tax rate are further described in the tables below. In calculating these non-IFRS financial measures, management excludes the following items, where applicable: employee stock-based compensation expense, amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software), restructuring and other charges, net of recoveries, the write-down of goodwill, intangible assets and property, plant and equipment, all net of associated tax adjustments, and deferred tax write-offs or recoveries associated with restructuring actions or restructured sites.

 

Non-IFRS measures do not have any standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS and may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Non-IFRS measures are not measures of performance under IFRS and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for any standardized measure under IFRS. The most significant limitation to management’s use of non-IFRS financial measures is that the charges or credits excluded from the non-IFRS measures are nonetheless charges or credits that are recognized under IFRS and that have an economic impact on us. Management compensates for these limitations primarily by issuing IFRS results to show a complete picture of our performance, and reconciling non-IFRS results back to IFRS results.

 

The economic substance of these exclusions and management’s rationale for excluding them from non-IFRS financial measures is provided below:

 

Employee stock-based compensation expense, which represents the estimated fair value of stock options, RSUs and PSUs granted to employees, is excluded because grant activities vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter in both quantity and

 

32



 

fair value. In addition, excluding this expense allows us to better compare core operating results with those of our competitors who also generally exclude employee stock-based compensation expense in assessing their operating performance, who may have different granting patterns and types of equity awards, and who may use different valuation assumptions than we do.

 

Amortization charges (excluding computer software) consist of non-cash charges against intangible assets that are impacted by the timing and magnitude of acquired businesses. Amortization of intangible assets varies among our competitors, and we believe that excluding these charges permits a better comparison of core operating results with those of our competitors who also generally exclude amortization charges in assessing operating performance.

 

Restructuring and other charges, net of recoveries, include costs relating to employee severance, lease terminations, site closings and consolidations, write-downs of owned property and equipment which are no longer used and are available for sale, reductions in infrastructure, and acquisition-related transaction costs. We exclude restructuring and other charges, net of recoveries, because we believe that they are not directly related to ongoing core operating results and do not reflect expected future operating expenses after completion of these activities. We believe these exclusions permit a better comparison of our core operating results with those of our competitors who also generally exclude these charges, net of recoveries, in assessing operating performance.

 

Impairment charges, which consist of non-cash charges against goodwill, intangible assets and property, plant and equipment, result primarily when the carrying value of these assets exceeds their recoverable amount. Our competitors may record impairment charges at different times, and we believe that excluding these charges permits a better comparison of our core operating results with those of our competitors who also generally exclude these charges in assessing operating performance.

 

Deferred tax write-offs or recoveries associated with restructuring actions or restructured sites are excluded, as we believe that these write-offs or recoveries do not reflect core operating performance and vary significantly among those of our competitors who also generally exclude these charges or recoveries in assessing operating performance.

 

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the various non-IFRS measures discussed above, and a reconciliation of IFRS to non-IFRS measures, (in millions, except percentages and per share amounts):

 

33



 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

 

 

 

 

% of

 

 

 

% of

 

 

 

 

 

revenue

 

 

 

revenue

 

IFRS revenue

 

$

1,353.3

 

 

 

$

1,469.9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IFRS gross profit

 

$

92.8

 

6.9

%

$

102.9

 

7.0

%

Employee stock-based compensation expense

 

4.5

 

 

 

5.1

 

 

 

Non-IFRS adjusted gross profit

 

$

97.3

 

7.2

%

$

108.0

 

7.3

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IFRS SG&A

 

$

52.0

 

3.8

%

$

53.7

 

3.7

%

Employee stock-based compensation expense

 

(4.9

)

 

 

(5.9

)

 

 

Non-IFRS adjusted SG&A

 

$

47.1

 

3.5

%

$

47.8

 

3.3

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IFRS earnings before income taxes

 

$

29.2

 

2.2

%

$

30.9

 

2.1

%

Finance costs

 

2.2

 

 

 

2.6

 

 

 

Employee stock-based compensation expense

 

9.4

 

 

 

11.0

 

 

 

Amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software)

 

1.5

 

 

 

1.5

 

 

 

Net restructuring, impairment and other charges

 

1.7

 

 

 

7.6

 

 

 

Non-IFRS operating earnings (adjusted EBIAT) (1) 

 

$

44.0

 

3.3

%

$

53.6

 

3.6

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IFRS net earnings

 

$

25.6

 

1.9

%

$

22.8

 

1.6

%

Employee stock-based compensation expense

 

9.4

 

 

 

11.0

 

 

 

Amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software)

 

1.5

 

 

 

1.5

 

 

 

Net restructuring, impairment and other charges

 

1.7

 

 

 

7.6

 

 

 

Adjustments for taxes (2) 

 

(0.6

)

 

 

(0.8

)

 

 

Non-IFRS adjusted net earnings

 

$

37.6

 

 

 

$

42.1

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted EPS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average # of shares (in millions)

 

145.2

 

 

 

144.0

 

 

 

IFRS earnings per share

 

$

0.18

 

 

 

$

0.16

 

 

 

Non-IFRS adjusted earnings per share

 

$

0.26

 

 

 

$

0.29

 

 

 

# of shares outstanding at period end (in millions)

 

143.3

 

 

 

143.2

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IFRS cash provided by (used in) operations

 

$

(18.3

)

 

 

$

35.6

 

 

 

Purchase of property, plant and equipment, net of sales proceeds

 

(15.9

)

 

 

(24.9

)

 

 

Finance lease payments

 

(1.3

)

 

 

(1.5

)

 

 

Repayments from solar supplier

 

3.0

 

 

 

6.8

 

 

 

Finance costs paid

 

(2.3

)

 

 

(2.5

)

 

 

Non-IFRS free cash flow (3) 

 

$

(34.8

)

 

 

$

13.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IFRS ROIC % (4) 

 

11.6

%

 

 

11.4

%

 

 

Non-IFRS adjusted ROIC % (4)

 

17.4

%

 

 

19.8

%

 

 

 


(1)   Management uses non-IFRS operating earnings (adjusted EBIAT) as a measure to assess our operational performance related to our core operations. Non-IFRS adjusted EBIAT is defined as earnings before finance costs (consisting of interest and fees related to our credit facility, our accounts receivable sales program, and a customer’s supplier financing program), amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software) and income taxes. Non-IFRS adjusted EBIAT also excludes, in periods where such charges have been recorded, employee stock-based compensation expense, restructuring and other charges, including acquisition-related transaction costs (net of recoveries), impairment charges, and refund interest income with respect to amounts previously  held on account with Canadian tax authorities.

 

34



 

(2)   The adjustments for taxes, as applicable, represent the tax effects on the non-IFRS adjustments.

 

Our effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2017 was 26%. After excluding the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation expense of $11.0 million, amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software) of $1.5 million, net restructuring, impairment and other charges of $7.6 million, and other tax recoveries related to restructured sites of $0.2 million, our non-IFRS adjusted effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2017 was 17%. Our effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2016 was 12%. After excluding the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation expense of $9.4 million, amortization of intangible assets (excluding computer software) of $1.5 million, net restructuring, impairment and other charges of $1.7 million, our non-IFRS adjusted effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2016 was 10%.

 

(3)  Management uses non-IFRS free cash flow as a measure, in addition to IFRS cash flow provided by (used in) operations, to assess our operational cash flow performance. We believe non-IFRS free cash flow provides another level of transparency to our liquidity. Non-IFRS free cash flow is defined as cash provided by (used in) operations after the purchase of property, plant and equipment (net of proceeds from the sale of certain surplus equipment and property), finance lease payments, repayments from a former solar supplier, and finance costs paid. In periods when it is relevant (the third quarter of 2015), non-IFRS free cash flow also includes deposits received on the anticipated sale of real property (see note 18 to our 2016 audited consolidated financial statements). Note that non-IFRS free cash flow, however, does not represent residual cash flow available to Celestica for discretionary expenditures.

 

(4)  Management uses non-IFRS adjusted ROIC as a measure to assess the effectiveness of the invested capital we use to build products or provide services to our customers, by quantifying how well we generate earnings relative to the capital we have invested in our business. Our non-IFRS adjusted ROIC measure reflects non-IFRS operating earnings, working capital management and asset utilization. Non-IFRS adjusted ROIC is calculated by dividing non-IFRS adjusted EBIAT by average net invested capital. Net invested capital (calculated in the table below) consists of the following IFRS measures: total assets less cash, accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities and provisions, and income taxes payable. We use a two-point average to calculate average net invested capital for the quarter. A comparable measure under IFRS would be determined by dividing IFRS earnings before income taxes by net invested capital (which we have set forth in the charts above and below), however, this measure (which we have called IFRS ROIC), is not a measure defined under IFRS.

 

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our calculation of IFRS ROIC % and non-IFRS adjusted ROIC % (in millions, except IFRS ROIC % and non-IFRS adjusted ROIC %):

 

35



 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

IFRS earnings before income taxes

 

$

29.2

 

$

30.9

 

Multiplier to annualize earnings

 

4

 

4

 

Annualized IFRS earnings before income taxes

 

$

116.8

 

$

123.6

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average net invested capital for the period

 

$

1,009.5

 

$

1,083.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

IFRS ROIC % (1) 

 

11.6

%

11.4

%

 

 

 

Three months ended March 31

 

 

 

2016

 

2017

 

Non-IFRS operating earnings (adjusted EBIAT)

 

$

44.0

 

$

53.6

 

Multiplier to annualize earnings

 

4

 

4

 

Annualized non-IFRS adjusted EBIAT

 

$

176.0

 

$

214.4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Average net invested capital for the period

 

$

1,009.5

 

$

1,083.3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Non-IFRS adjusted ROIC % (1) 

 

17.4

%

19.8

%

 

 

 

December 31 
2016

 

March 31 
2017

 

Net invested capital consists of:

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

2,822.3

 

$

2,814.6

 

Less: cash

 

557.2

 

558.0

 

Less: accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities, provisions and income taxes payable

 

1,189.7

 

1,165.5

 

Net invested capital at period end (1) 

 

$

1,075.4

 

$

1,091.1

 

 

 

 

December 31 
2015

 

March 31 
2016

 

Net invested capital consists of:

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

2,612.0

 

$

2,621.9

 

Less: cash

 

545.3

 

511.5

 

Less: accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities, provisions and income taxes payable

 

1,104.3

 

1,053.8

 

Net invested capital at period end (1) 

 

$

962.4

 

$

1,056.6

 

 


(1)           See footnote 4 of the previous table.

 

36