20-F 1 d1081452_20-f.htm d1081452_20-f.htm

UNITED STATES
  SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC. 20549

 
FORM 20-F

 
(Mark One)

 
o
REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g)
 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
OR
 
   
x
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
   
OR
 
   
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
OR
 
   
o
SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
 
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
Date of event requiring this shell company report  _______________________________
   

For the transition period from _________________ to _________________

Commission file number
000-29106
   

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
 
(Translation of Registrant's name into English)
 
 
Bermuda
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
 
Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
 
Georgina Sousa, Telephone: (1) 441 295 6935, Facsimile: (1) 441 295 3494,
Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
 


 
 

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act

Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
     
Common  Shares, $0.01 Par Value
 
NASDAQ Global Select Market

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act.
 
 
None
(Title of Class)
 

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

 
Common Shares, $0.01 Par Value
(Title of Class)

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer's classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.

17,100,000 Common Shares, $0.01 Par Value

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

 
Yes o
 
No x

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

 
Yes x
 
No o
 
Note – Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

 
Yes x
 
No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

 
Yes  o
 
No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  o
 
Accelerated filer  x
 
Non-accelerated filer  o

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP x
 
International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board o
 
Other o
 
If "Other" has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:

 
Item 17 o
 
Item 18 o
 
If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

 
Yes o
 
No x

 
 

 

INDEX TO REPORT ON FORM 20-F


 
 
PAGE
PART I
 
 
Item 1.
Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
1
Item 2.
Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
1
Item 3.
Key Information
1
Item 4.
Information on the Company
15
Item 4A.
Unresolved Staff Comments
20
Item 5.
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
20
Item 6.
Directors, Senior Management and Employees
27
Item 7.
Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
30
Item 8.
Financial Information
30
Item 9.
The Offer and Listing
31
Item 10.
Additional Information
32
Item 11.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
38
Item 12.
Description of Securities other than Equity Securities
38
 
PART II
 
 
 
Item 13.
Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies
39
Item 14.
Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds
39
Item 15.
Controls and Procedures
39
Item 16A.
Audit Committee Financial Expert
40
Item 16B.
Code of Ethics
40
Item 16C.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
40
Item 16D.
Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees
40
Item 16E.
Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
40
Item 16F.
Change in Registrant's Certifying Accountant
40
Item 16G.
Corporate Governance
41
 
PART III
 
 
 
Item 17.
Financial Statements
42
Item 18.
Financial Statements
42
Item 19.
Exhibits
42


 
 

 


  CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Matters discussed in this report may constitute forward-looking statements. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides safe harbor protections for forward-looking statements in order to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their business. Forward-looking statements include statements concerning plans, objectives, goals, strategies, future events or performance, and underlying assumptions and other statements, which are other than statements of historical facts.
 
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its subsidiaries, or the Company, desires to take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and is including this cautionary statement in connection with this safe harbor legislation. This report and any other written or oral statements made by us or on our behalf may include forward-looking statements, which reflect our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. When used in this report, the words "believe," "anticipate," "intend," "estimate," "forecast," "project," "plan," "potential," "will," "may," "should," "expect" and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements.
 
The forward-looking statements in this report are based upon various assumptions, many of which are based, in turn, upon further assumptions, including without limitation, management's examination of historical operating trends, data contained in our records and other data available from third parties. Although we believe that these assumptions were reasonable when made, because these assumptions are inherently subject to significant uncertainties and contingencies which are difficult or impossible to predict and are beyond our control, we cannot assure you that we will achieve or accomplish these expectations, beliefs or projections.
 
In addition to these important factors and matters discussed elsewhere herein and in the documents incorporated by reference herein, important factors that, in our view, could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include the strength of world economies, fluctuations in currencies and interest rates, general market conditions, including fluctuations in charterhire rates and vessel values, changes in demand in the tanker market, changes in world wide oil production and consumption and storage, changes in the Company's operating expenses, including bunker prices, drydocking and insurance costs, changes in governmental rules and regulations or actions taken by regulatory authorities, potential liability from pending or future litigation, general domestic and international political conditions, potential disruption of shipping routes due to accidents, political events or acts by terrorists, and other important factors described from time to time in the reports filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission or Commission.

 
 

 

PART I

ITEM 1.  IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2.  OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

ITEM 3.  KEY INFORMATION

Throughout this report, the "Company," "we," "us" and "our" all refer to Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its subsidiaries. We use the term deadweight ton, or dwt, in describing the size of vessels. Dwt, expressed in metric tons, each of which is equivalent to 1,000 kilograms, refers to the maximum weight of cargo and supplies that a vessel can carry. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to "USD,""US$" and "$" in this report are to, and amounts are presented in, U.S. dollars.

A.  SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The selected statement of operations data of the Company with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, and the selected balance sheet data of the Company with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, have been derived from the Company's consolidated financial statements included herein and should be read in conjunction with such statements and the notes thereto. The selected statement of operations data with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the selected balance sheet data with respect to the fiscal years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 have been derived from consolidated financial statements of the Company not included herein. The following table should also be read in conjunction with Item 5. "Operating and Financial Review and Prospects" and the Company's consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included herein. The Company's accounts are maintained in U.S. dollars.
 
 
 
Fiscal year ended December 31,
 
 
 
2009
 
 
2008
 
 
2007
 
 
2006
 
 
2005
 
(in thousands of $, except shares, per share data and ratios)
 
Statement of Operations Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total operating revenues
 
 
67,339
 
 
 
82,914
 
 
 
88,160
 
 
 
105,728
 
 
 
100,179
 
Total operating expenses
 
 
43,583
 
 
 
33,796
 
 
 
46,913
 
 
 
54,463
 
 
 
51,778
 
Net operating income
 
 
23,756
 
 
 
49,118
 
 
 
90,366
 
 
 
51,265
 
 
 
48,401
 
Net income
 
 
21,680
 
 
 
48,054
 
 
 
84,836
 
 
 
45,717
 
 
 
43,967
 
Earnings per common share
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
- basic and diluted
 
 
1.27
 
 
 
2.81
 
 
 
4.96
 
 
 
2.67
 
 
 
2.57
 
Cash dividend declared per share
 
 
0.25
 
 
 
2.75
 
 
 
2.50
 
 
 
3.60
 
 
 
4.55
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance Sheet Data (at end of year):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
 
7,964
 
 
 
77,998
 
 
 
82,143
 
 
 
8,538
 
 
 
12,634
 
Restricted cash
 
 
10,000
 
 
 
10,000
 
 
 
10,000
 
 
 
10,000
 
 
 
10,000
 
Newbuildings
 
 
-
 
 
 
51,305
 
 
 
33,459
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Vessels, net
 
 
344,399
 
 
 
187,360
 
 
 
201,072
 
 
 
267,949
 
 
 
285,070
 
Total assets
 
 
374,946
 
 
 
331,685
 
 
 
342,166
 
 
 
301,499
 
 
 
323,159
 
Current portion of long-term debt
 
 
13,960
 
 
 
42,560
 
 
 
8,960
 
 
 
11,211
 
 
 
11,200
 
Long-term debt
 
 
106,520
 
 
 
60,480
 
 
 
103,040
 
 
 
98,000
 
 
 
109,200
 
Share capital
 
 
171
 
 
 
171
 
 
 
171
 
 
 
171
 
 
 
171
 
Stockholders' equity
 
 
239,710
 
 
 
222,305
 
 
 
221,276
 
 
 
179,190
 
 
 
195,033
 
Common shares outstanding
 
 
17,100,000
 
 
 
17,100,000
 
 
 
17,100,000
 
 
 
17,100,000
 
 
 
17,100,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other Financial Data:
                                       
                                         
Equity to assets ratio (percentage) (1)
   
63.9
   
67.0
   
64.7
   
59.4
   
60.4
Debt to equity ratio (2)
   
0.5
     
0.5
     
0.5
     
0.6
     
0.6
 
Price earnings ratio (3)
   
10.4
     
5.2
     
4.9
     
8.9
     
9.4
 
Time charter equivalent revenue (4)
   
58,751
     
78,902
     
75,288
     
85,713
     
83,720
 
 

 
1

 

(1)
Equity to assets ratio is calculated as total stockholders' equity divided by total assets.
(2)
Debt to equity ratio is calculated as total interest bearing current and long-term liabilities, including obligations under capital leases, divided by stockholders' equity.
(3)
Price earnings ratio is calculated using the year end share price divided by basic earnings per share.
(4)
A reconciliation of time charter equivalent revenues to total operating revenues as reflected in the consolidated statements of operation is as follows:

 
 
2009
 
 
2008
 
 
2007
 
 
2006
 
 
2005
 
(in thousands of $)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total operating revenues
 
 
67,339
 
 
 
82,914
 
 
 
88,160
 
 
 
105,728
 
 
 
100,179
 
Less: Voyage expense
 
 
(8,588
 
 
(4,012
)
 
 
(12,872
)
 
 
(20,015
)
 
 
(16,459
)
Time charter equivalent revenue
 
 
58,751
 
 
 
78,902
 
 
 
75,288
 
 
 
85,713
 
 
 
83,720
 

Our vessels may operate under time charters, bareboat charters, voyage charters, pool arrangements and contracts of affreightment, or COAs. Under a time charter, the charterer pays substantially all of the vessel voyage costs which are primarily fuel and port charges. Under a bareboat charter, the charterer pays substantially all of the vessel voyage and operating costs. Under a voyage charter, the vessel owner pays such costs. Under contracts of affreightment, the owner carries an agreed upon quantity of cargo over a specified route and time period. In order to compare vessels trading under different types of charters, it is standard industry practice to measure the revenue performance of a vessel in terms of time charter equivalent revenue, or TCE. Total TCE is the sum of time charter, voyage charter and bareboat charter revenues, less voyage expenses. Total TCE, which is not covered by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, provides more meaningful information to us than total operating revenues, the most directly comparable GAAP measure. Average daily TCEs are also widely used by investors and analysts in the shipping industry for comparing financial performance between companies and to industry averages. Other companies may calculate TCE using a different method.

B.  CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

Not applicable.

C.  REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

D. RISK FACTORS

We are engaged in the seaborne transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes. We own and operate, through our subsidiaries, a fleet of six vessels, consisting of four double hull Very Large Crude Carrier oil tankers, or VLCCs, and two Capesize dry bulk carriers. The following summarizes some of the risks that may materially affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Industry

Tankers

The cyclical nature of the tanker industry may lead to volatile changes in charter rates and vessel values which may adversely affect our earnings

Historically, the tanker industry has been highly cyclical, with volatility in profitability and asset values resulting from changes in the supply of, and demand for, tanker capacity. When the tanker market is depressed our earnings and available cash flow may decrease. Our ability to re-charter our vessels on the expiration or termination of their current spot and time and bareboat charters and the charter rates payable under any renewal or replacement charters will depend upon, among other things, economic conditions in the tanker market. Fluctuations in charter rates and vessel values result from changes in the supply and demand for tanker capacity and changes in the supply and demand for oil and oil products.

The factors affecting the supply and demand for oil tankers are outside of our control, and the nature, timing and degree of changes in industry conditions are unpredictable. The factors that influence demand for tanker capacity include:

 
demand for oil and oil products;
 
 
global and regional economic and political conditions;
 
 
changes in oil production and refining capacity;
 

 
2

 


 
 
environmental and other regulatory developments;
 
 
the distance oil and oil products are to be moved by sea; and
 
 
changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns.
 
The factors that influence the supply of tanker capacity include:

 
the number of newbuilding deliveries;
 
 
the scrapping rate of older vessels;
 
 
port or canal congestion;
 
 
vessel casualties;
 
 
price of steel;
 
 
potential conversion of vessels to alternative use;
 
 
the number of vessels that are out of service; and
 
 
changes in environmental and other regulations that may effectively cause reductions in the carrying capacity of vessels or early obsolescence of tonnage.
 
Historically, the tanker markets have been volatile as a result of the many conditions and factors that can affect the price, supply and demand for tanker capacity. The current global economic crisis may reduce demand for transportation of oil over longer distances and supply of tankers to carry that oil, which may materially affect our revenues, profitability and cash flows.

The international tanker industry has experienced volatile charter rates and vessel values and there can be no assurance that these charter rates and vessel values will return to their previous high values

Charter rates in the tanker industry are volatile. We anticipate that future demand for our vessels, and in turn our future charter rates, will be dependent upon economic growth in the world's economy as well as seasonal and regional changes in demand and changes in the capacity of the world's fleet. We believe that these charter rates are the result of economic growth in the world economy that exceeds growth in global vessel capacity. There can be no assurance that economic growth will not stagnate or decline leading to a further decrease in vessel values and charter rates. A further decline in vessel values and charter rates could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and ability to pay dividends.

Any decrease in shipments of crude oil may adversely affect our financial performance

The demand for our oil tankers derives primarily from demand for Arabian Gulf and West African crude oil, which, in turn, primarily depends on the economies of the world's industrial countries and competition from alternative energy sources. A wide range of economic, social and other factors can significantly affect the strength of the world's industrial economies and their demand for crude oil from the mentioned geographical areas. One such factor is the price of worldwide crude oil. The world's oil markets have experienced high levels of volatility in the last 25 years. In July 2008, oil prices rose to a high of approximately $143 per barrel before decreasing to approximately $38 per barrel by the end of December 2008, and rising to approximately $75 per barrel in mid-February 2010.

Any decrease in shipments of crude oil from the above mentioned geographical areas would have a material adverse effect on our financial performance. Among the factors which could lead to such a decrease are:

 
increased crude oil production from other areas;
 
 
increased refining capacity in the Arabian Gulf or West Africa;
 
 
increased use of existing and future crude oil pipelines in the Arabian Gulf or West Africa;
 
 
a decision by Arabian Gulf or West African oil-producing nations to increase their crude oil prices or to further decrease or limit their crude oil production;
 
 
armed conflict in the Arabian Gulf and West Africa and political or other factors; and
 

 
3

 


 
 
the development and the relative costs of nuclear power, natural gas, coal and other alternative sources of energy.
 
An over-supply of tanker capacity may lead to reductions in charter rates, vessel values and profitability

Currently, shipyards are booked to produce a large number of new tankers. If the capacity of new vessels delivered exceeds the capacity of tankers being scrapped and converted to non-trading tankers, tanker capacity will increase. If the supply of tanker capacity increases and the demand for tanker capacity does not increase correspondingly, charter rates could materially decline. A reduction in charter rates and the value of our vessels may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, our ability to pay dividends and our compliance with loan covenants.

Dry Bulk

Charter hire rates for dry bulk vessels may decrease in the future, which may adversely affect our earnings

The dry bulk shipping industry is cyclical with attendant volatility in charterhire rates and profitability. The degree of charter hire rate volatility among different types of dry bulk vessels has varied widely, and charterhire rates for dry bulk vessels have declined significantly from historically high levels. Fluctuations in charter rates result from changes in the supply and demand for vessel capacity and changes in the supply and demand for the major commodities carried by water internationally. Because the factors affecting the supply and demand for vessels are outside of our control and are unpredictable, the nature, timing, direction and degree of changes in industry conditions are also unpredictable.

Factors that influence demand for vessel capacity include:

 
supply and demand for energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
 
 
changes in the exploration or production of energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
 
 
the location of regional and global exploration, production and manufacturing facilities;
 
 
the location of consuming regions for energy resources, commodities, semi-finished and finished consumer and industrial products;
 
 
the globalization of production and manufacturing;
 
 
global and regional economic and political conditions, including armed conflicts and terrorist activities; embargoes and strikes;
 
 
developments in international trade;
 
 
changes in seaborne and other transportation patterns, including the distance cargo is transported by sea;
 
 
environmental and other regulatory developments;
 
 
currency exchange rates; and
 
 
weather.
 
Factors that influence the supply of vessel capacity include:

 
number of newbuilding deliveries;
 
 
scrapping of older vessels;
 
 
vessel casualties; and
 
 
number of vessels that are out of service.
 
Demand for our dry bulk vessels is dependent upon economic growth in the world's economies, seasonal and regional changes in demand, changes in the capacity of the global dry bulk fleet and the sources and supply of dry bulk cargo transported by sea. Given the large number of new dry bulk carriers currently on order with shipyards, the capacity of the global dry bulk carrier fleet seems likely to increase and economic growth may not resume in areas that have experienced a recession or continue in other areas. Adverse economic, political, social or other developments could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

 
4

 


A continued downturn in the dry bulk carrier charter market may have an adverse effect on our earnings and our ability to comply with our loan covenants

The Baltic Exchange Capesize Index, or CS4TC, a daily equally weighted average of the four main Capesize routes declined from a high of approximately $222,800 per day in May 2008 to a low of approximately $2,400 per day in November 2008, which represents a decline of 99%. From November 2008, it rose to approximately $52,700 per day in October 2009, which emphasizes the volatility of this market. The general decline in the dry bulk carrier charter market has resulted in lower charter rates for vessels exposed to the spot market and time charters linked to the CS4TC. Our ability to obtain renewal charters upon the expiration of our current charters or charters for new vessels that we may acquire in the future will be directly impacted by prevailing charter rates.

Dry bulk carrier values have also declined both as a result of a slowdown in the availability of global credit and the significant deterioration in charter rates. Charter rates and vessel values have been affected in part by the lack of availability of credit to finance both vessel purchases and purchases of commodities carried by sea, resulting in a decline in cargo shipments, and the excess supply of iron ore in China which resulted in falling iron ore prices and increased stockpiles in Chinese ports. There can be no assurance as to how long charter rates and vessel values will remain at their currently low levels or whether the recent improvement will continue. Charter rates may remain at low levels for some time which will adversely affect our revenue and profitability and could affect compliance with the covenants in our loan agreements.

In addition, because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may incur losses when we sell vessels, which may adversely affect our earnings. If we sell vessels at a time when vessel prices have fallen and before we have recorded an impairment adjustment to our financial statements, the sale may be at less than the vessel's carrying amount in our financial statements, resulting in a loss and a reduction in earnings.

An over-supply of dry bulk carrier capacity may prolong or further depress the current low charter rates and, in turn, adversely affect our profitability

The market supply of dry bulk carriers has been increasing, and the number of dry bulk carriers on order is near historic highs. Dry bulk newbuildings were delivered in significant numbers starting at the beginning of 2006 and continue to be delivered in significant numbers. As of September 30, 2009, Capesize newbuilding orders had been placed for an aggregate of more than 77% of the current global Capesize fleet, with deliveries expected during the next 36 months. According to market sources approximately 60% is contracted at established yards, while the other 40% is contracted at yards that are less established and whose viability may be uncertain. Due to lack of financing many analysts expect significant cancellations and/ or slippage of newbuilding orders. While vessel supply will continue to be affected by the delivery of new vessels and the removal of vessels from the global fleet, either through scrapping or accidental losses, an over-supply of dry bulk carrier capacity, particularly in conjunction with the currently low level of demand, could exacerbate the recent decrease in charter rates or prolong the period during which low charter rates prevail. If the current low charter rate environment persists, or a further reduction occurs, during a period when the current charters for our dry bulk carriers expire or are terminated, we may only be able to recharter those vessels at reduced rates or we may not be able to charter our vessels at all.

Shipping Generally

Risks involved with operating ocean-going vessels could affect our business and reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition

The operation of an ocean-going vessel carries inherent risks. These risks include the possibility of:

 
a marine disaster;
 
 
piracy;
 
 
environmental accidents;
 
 
cargo and property losses or damage; and
 
 
business interruptions caused by mechanical failure, human error, war, terrorism, piracy, political action in various countries, labor  strikes, or adverse weather conditions.
 
Any of these circumstances or events could increase our costs or lower our revenues. The involvement of our vessels in an oil spill or other environmental disaster may harm our reputation as a safe and reliable tanker operator.

 
5

 


World events could affect our results of operations and financial condition

Terrorist attacks in New York on September 11, 2001, in London on July 7, 2005 and in Mumbai on November 26, 2008 and the continuing response of the United States and others to these attacks, as well as the threat of future terrorist attacks in the United States or elsewhere, continues to cause uncertainty in the world's financial markets and may affect our business, operating results and financial condition. The continuing presence of United States and other armed forces in Iraq and Afghanistan may lead to additional acts of terrorism and armed conflict around the world, which may contribute to further economic instability in the global financial markets. These uncertainties could also adversely affect our ability to obtain additional financing on terms acceptable to us or at all. In the past, political conflicts have also resulted in attacks on vessels, mining of waterways and other efforts to disrupt international shipping, particularly in the Arabian Gulf region. Acts of terrorism and piracy have also affected vessels trading in regions such as the South China Sea and the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse impact on our operating results, revenues and costs.

Terrorist attacks on vessels, such as the October 2002 attack on the M.V. Limburg, a very large crude carrier not related to us, may in the future also negatively affect our operations and financial condition and directly impact our vessels or our customers. Future terrorist attacks could result in increased volatility and turmoil of the financial markets in the United States and globally. Any of these occurrences could have a material adverse impact on our revenues and costs.

Acts of piracy on ocean-going vessels have recently increased in frequency, which could adversely affect our business

Acts of piracy have historically affected ocean-going vessels trading in regions of the world such as the South China Sea and in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. Throughout 2008 and 2009, the frequency of piracy incidents against commercial shipping vessels increased significantly, particularly in the Gulf of Aden off the coast of Somalia. For example, in November 2008, the M/V Sirius Star, a tanker vessel not affiliated with us, was captured by pirates in the Indian Ocean while carrying crude oil estimated to be worth $100 million. If these pirate attacks result in regions in which our vessels are deployed being characterized as "war risk" zones by insurers, as the Gulf of Aden temporarily was in May 2008, premiums payable for such coverage could increase significantly and such insurance coverage may be more difficult to obtain. In addition, crew costs, including due to employing onboard security guards, could increase in such circumstances. We may not be adequately insured to cover losses from these incidents, which could have a material adverse effect on us. In addition, any of these events may result in loss of revenues, increased costs and decreased cash flows to our customers, which could impair their ability to make payments to us under our charters.

Safety, environmental and other governmental requirements expose us to liability, and compliance with current and future regulations could require significant additional expenditures, which could have a material adverse affect on our business and financial results

Our operations are affected by extensive and changing international, national, state and local laws, regulations, treaties, conventions and standards in force in international waters, the jurisdictions in which our tankers and other vessels operate and the country or countries in which such vessels are registered, including those governing the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes, the cleanup of oil spills and other contamination, air emissions, and water discharges and ballast water management. These regulations include the United States Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, the United States Clean Air Act and United States Clean Water Act, the United States Marine Transportation Security Act of 2002, the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage of 1969, as amended, or CLC, the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, of 1975, the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea of 1974, or SOLAS, the International Convention on Load Lines of 1966 or LL Convention, and implementing regulations adopted by the International Maritime Organization, or the IMO (the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of pollution by vessels), the European Union, or the EU, and other international, national and local regulatory bodies.

In addition, vessel classification societies also impose significant safety and other requirements on our vessels. In complying with current and future environmental requirements, vessel owners and operators such as ourselves may also incur significant additional costs in meeting new maintenance and inspection requirements, in developing contingency arrangements for potential spills and in obtaining insurance coverage. Government regulation of vessels, particularly in the areas of safety and environmental requirements, can be expected to become stricter in the future and require us to incur significant capital expenditures on our vessels to keep them in compliance, or even to scrap or sell certain vessels altogether. For example, various jurisdictions, including the United States, are considering or have enacted legislation imposing more stringent requirements on air emissions and ballast water discharges from vessels.

Many of these requirements are designed to reduce the risk of oil spills and other pollution, and our compliance with these requirements can be costly. These requirements can also affect the resale value or useful lives of our vessels, require a reduction in cargo-capacity, ship modifications or operational changes or restrictions, lead to decreased availability of insurance coverage for environmental matters or result in the denial of access to certain jurisdictional waters or ports, or detention in, certain ports.

 
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Under local, national and foreign laws, as well as international treaties and conventions, we could incur material liabilities, including cleanup obligations, natural resource damages and third-party claims for personal injury or property damages, in the event that there is a release of petroleum or other hazardous substances from our vessels or otherwise in connection with our current or historic operations. We could also incur substantial penalties, fines and other civil or criminal sanctions, including in certain instances seizure or detention of our vessels, as a result of violations of or liabilities under environmental laws, regulations and other requirements. For example, OPA affects all vessel owners shipping oil to, from or within the United States. OPA allows for potentially unlimited liability without regard to fault for owners, operators and bareboat charterers of vessels for oil pollution in United States waters. Similarly, the CLC, which has been adopted by most countries outside of the United States, imposes liability for oil pollution in international waters. OPA expressly permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to hazardous materials and oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries. Coastal states in the United States have enacted pollution prevention liability and response laws, many providing for unlimited liability.

OPA also provides for the scheduled phase-out of all non-double-hull tankers that carry oil in bulk in United States waters. The IMO and the EU have adopted separate phase-out schedules applicable to single-hull tankers operating in international and EU waters, respectively. These regulations could reduce the demand for single-hull tankers, force the remaining single-hull vessels into less desirable trading routes, increase the number of vessels trading in routes open to single-hull vessels and could increase demands for further restrictions in the remaining jurisdictions that permit the operation of these vessels. As a result, single-hull vessels are likely to be chartered less frequently and at lower rates.

In recent years, the IMO and EU have both accelerated their existing non-double-hull phase-out schedules in response to highly publicized oil spills and other shipping incidents involving companies unrelated to us. Future accidents may be expected in the industry, and such accidents or other events may be expected to result in the adoption of even stricter laws and regulations, which could limit our operations or our ability to do business and which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.

Maritime claimants could arrest one or more of our vessels, which could interrupt our cash flow

Crew members, suppliers of goods and services to a vessel, shippers of cargo and other parties may be entitled to a maritime lien against a vessel for unsatisfied debts, claims or damages. In many jurisdictions a claimant may seek to obtain security for its claim by arresting a vessel through foreclosure proceedings. The arrest or attachment of one or more of our vessels could interrupt our cash flow and require us to pay large sums of money to have the arrest or attachment lifted. In addition, in some jurisdictions, such as South Africa, under the "sister ship" theory of liability, a claimant may arrest both the vessel which is subject to the claimant's maritime lien and any "associated" vessel, which is any vessel owned or controlled by the same owner. Claimants could attempt to assert "sister ship" liability against one vessel in our fleet for claims relating to another of our vessels.

Governments could requisition our vessels during a period of war or emergency resulting in a loss of earnings

A government could requisition for title or seize one of more of our vessels. Requisition for title occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and becomes her owner. Also, a government could requisition one or more of our vessels for hire. Requisition for hire occurs when a government takes control of a vessel and effectively becomes her charterer at dictated charter rates. This amount could be materially less than the charterhire that would have been payable otherwise. In addition, we would bear all risk of loss or damage to a vessel under requisition for hire. Government requisition of one or more of our vessels would negatively impact our revenues and therefore impact our ability to service our debt.

Our vessels may call on ports located in countries that are subject to restrictions imposed by the United States government, which could adversely affect investor perceptions

From time to time, vessels in our fleet may call on ports located in countries subject to sanctions and embargoes imposed by the United States government and countries identified by the United States government as state sponsors of terrorism. Although these sanctions and embargoes do not prevent our vessels from making calls to ports in these countries, potential investors could view such port calls negatively, which could adversely affect our reputation and the market for our shares. Investor perception of the value of our shares may be adversely affected by the consequences of war, the effects of terrorism, civil unrest and governmental actions in these and surrounding countries.

Disruptions in world financial markets and the resulting governmental action in the United States and in other parts of the world could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, and could cause the market price of our ordinary shares to decline

Over the last year, global financial markets have experienced extraordinary disruption and volatility following adverse changes in the global credit markets. The credit markets in the United States have experienced significant contraction, deleveraging and reduced liquidity, and governments around the world have taken highly significant measures in response to such events, and may implement other significant responses in the future.

 
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Securities and futures markets and the credit markets are subject to comprehensive statutes, regulations and other requirements. The Commission, other regulators, self-regulatory organizations and exchanges have enacted temporary emergency regulations and may take other extraordinary actions in the event of market emergencies and may effect permanent changes in law or interpretations of existing laws. Recently, a number of financial institutions have experienced serious financial difficulties and, in some cases, have entered into bankruptcy proceedings or are in regulatory enforcement actions. These difficulties have resulted, in part, from declining markets for assets held by such institutions, particularly the reduction in the value of their mortgage and asset-backed securities portfolios. These difficulties have been compounded by a general decline in the willingness by banks and other financial institutions to extend credit. These difficulties may adversely affect the financial institutions that provide our credit facilities and may impair their ability to continue to perform under their financing obligations to us, which could have an impact on our ability to fund current and future obligations.

We face risks attendant to changes in economic environments, changes in interest rates and instability in securities markets around the world, among other factors. Major market disruptions and the current adverse changes in market conditions and regulatory climate in the United States and worldwide may adversely affect our business or impair our ability to borrow amounts under our credit facilities or any future financial arrangements. We cannot predict how long the current market conditions will last. However, these recent and developing economic and governmental factors, including proposals to reform the financial system, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows and could cause the price of our shares to decline significantly or impair our ability to make distributions to our shareholders.

Risks Related to Our Business

A drop in spot charter rates may provide an incentive for some charterers to default on their charters
 
When we enter into a time charter, charter rates under that charter are fixed for the term of the charter. If the spot charter rates or short-term time charter rates in the tanker or dry bulk shipping industry, as applicable, become significantly lower than the time charter equivalent rates that some of our charterers are obligated to pay us under our existing charters, the charterers may have incentive to default under that charter or attempt to renegotiate the charter. If our charterers fail to pay their obligations, we would have to attempt to re-charter our vessels at lower charter rates, which would affect our ability to comply with our loan covenants and operate our vessels profitably. If we are not able to comply with our loan covenants and our lenders choose to accelerate our indebtedness and foreclose their liens, we could be required to sell vessels in our fleet and our ability to continue to conduct our business would be impaired.
 
The operation of dry bulk carriers and tankers each involve certain unique operational risks
 
The operation of dry bulk carriers has certain unique operational risks. With a dry bulk carrier, the cargo itself and its interaction with the ship can be a risk factor.  By their nature, dry bulk cargoes are often heavy, dense, easily shifted, and react badly to water exposure. In addition, dry bulk carriers are often subjected to battering treatment during unloading operations with grabs, jackhammers (to pry encrusted cargoes out of the hold), and small bulldozers. This treatment may cause damage to the dry bulk carrier. Dry bulk carriers damaged due to treatment during unloading procedures may be more susceptible to a breach to the sea.  Hull breaches in dry bulk carriers may lead to the flooding of their holds. If a dry bulk carrier suffers flooding in its forward holds, the bulk cargo may become so dense and waterlogged that its pressure may buckle the dry bulk carrier's bulkheads leading to the loss of the dry bulk carrier.
 
The operation of tankers has unique operational risks associated with the transportation of oil. An oil spill may cause significant environmental damage, and a catastrophic spill could exceed the insurance coverage available. Compared to other types of vessels, tankers are exposed to a higher risk of damage and loss by fire, whether ignited by a terrorist attack, collision, or other cause, due to the high flammability and high volume of the oil transported in tankers.
 
If we are unable to adequately maintain or safeguard our vessels we may be unable to prevent these events. Any of these circumstances or events could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations. In addition, the loss of any of our vessels could harm our reputation as a safe and reliable vessel owner and operator.
 
Purchasing and operating previously owned, or secondhand, vessels may result in increased drydocking costs and vessels off-hire, which could adversely affect our earnings
 
Even following a physical inspection of secondhand vessels prior to purchase, we do not have the same knowledge about their condition and cost of any required (or anticipated) repairs that we would have had if these vessels had been built for and operated exclusively by us.  Accordingly, we may not discover defects or other problems with such vessels prior to purchase. Defects or problems discovered after purchase may be expensive to repair, and if not detected, may result in accidents or other incidents for which we may become liable to third parties. We may not receive the benefit of warranties on secondhand vessels. Increased drydocking costs or vessels off-hire may adversely affect our earnings.
 

 
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The volatility in both dry bulk and tanker charter rates, and vessel values, may affect our ability to comply with various covenants in our loan agreements
 
Our loan agreements for our borrowings, which are secured by liens on our vessels, contain various financial covenants. Among those covenants are requirements that relate to our financial position, operating performance and liquidity.  For example, there are financial covenants that require us to maintain (i) a minimum value adjusted equity that is based, in part, upon the market value of the vessels securing the loans, (ii) minimum levels of free cash, and (iii) a positive working capital.  The market value of dry bulk and tanker vessels is sensitive, among other things, to changes in the dry bulk and tanker charter markets, respectively, with vessel values deteriorating in times when dry bulk and tanker charter rates, as applicable, are falling and improving when charter rates are anticipated to rise. Such conditions may result in our not being in compliance with these loan covenants. In such a situation, unless our lenders were willing to provide waivers of covenant compliance or modifications to our covenants, or would be willing to refinance our indebtedness, we may have to sell vessels in our fleet and/or seek to raise additional capital in the equity markets in order to comply with our loan covenants. Furthermore, if the value of our vessels deteriorates significantly, we may have to record an impairment adjustment in our financial statements, which would adversely affect our financial results and further hinder our ability to raise capital.
 
If we are not in compliance with our covenants and are not able to obtain covenant waivers or modifications, our lenders could require us to post additional collateral, enhance our equity and liquidity, increase our interest payments or pay down our indebtedness to a level where we are in compliance with our loan covenants, sell vessels in our fleet, or they could accelerate our indebtedness, which would impair our ability to continue to conduct our business. In such an event, our auditors may give either an unqualified opinion with an explanatory paragraph relating to the disclosure in the notes to our financial statements as to the substantial doubt of our ability to continue as a going concern, or a qualified, adverse or disclaimer of opinion, which could lead to additional defaults under our loan agreements. If our indebtedness is accelerated, we might not be able to refinance our debt or obtain additional financing and could lose our vessels if our lenders foreclose their liens. In addition, if we find it necessary to sell our vessels at a time when vessel prices are low, we will recognize losses and a reduction in our earnings, which could affect our ability to raise additional capital necessary for us to comply with our loan agreements.
 
Our ability to obtain additional debt financing may be dependent on the performance of our then existing charters and the creditworthiness of our charterers
 
The actual or perceived credit quality of our charterers, and any defaults by them, may materially affect our ability to obtain the additional capital resources required to purchase additional vessels or may significantly increase our costs of obtaining such capital.  Our inability to obtain additional financing at anticipated costs or at all may materially affect our results of operation and our ability to implement our business strategy.
 
Our revenues experience seasonal variations that may affect our income

We operate our tankers in markets that have historically exhibited seasonal variations in demand and, therefore, charter rates. Historically, oil trade and therefore charter rates increased in the winter months and eased in the summer months as demand for oil in the Northern Hemisphere rose in colder weather and fell in warmer weather. In addition, unpredictable weather patterns in the winter months tend to disrupt vessel scheduling. The tanker industry in general is less dependent on the seasonal transport of heating oil than a decade ago as new uses for oil and oil products have developed, spreading consumption more evenly over the year. Most apparent is a higher seasonal demand during the summer months due to energy requirements for air conditioning and motor vehicles. The oil price volatility resulting from these factors has historically led to increased oil trading activities and demand for vessels. The change in demand for vessels may affect the charter rates that we receive.

Because the market value of our vessels may fluctuate significantly, we may incur losses when we sell vessels which may adversely affect our earnings

The fair market value of vessels may increase and decrease depending on but not limited to the following factors:

 
general economic and market conditions affecting the shipping  industry;
 
 
competition from other shipping companies;
 
 
types and sizes of vessels;
 
 
other modes of transportation;
 
 
cost of newbuildings;
 
 
shipyard capacity;
 

 
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governmental or other regulations;
 
 
age of vessels;
 
 
prevailing level of charter rates; and
 
 
technological advances.
 
If we sell a vessel at a time when ship prices have fallen, the sale may be at less than the vessel's carrying amount on our financial statements, with the result that we could incur a loss and a reduction in earnings. In addition, if we determine at any time that a vessel's future limited useful life and earnings require us to impair its value on our financial statements, that could result in a charge against our earnings and a reduction of our shareholders' equity. It is possible that the market value of our vessels will decline in the future and this will also have an adverse effect on some of the financial covenants in our loan agreements.

We may be unable to successfully compete with other vessel operators for charters, which would adversely affect our results of operations and financial position

The operation of tankers and dry bulk vessels and transportation of crude and petroleum products and dry bulk cargoes is extremely competitive. Through our operating subsidiaries we compete with other vessel owners (including major oil companies as well as independent companies), and, to a lesser extent, owners of other size vessels. The tanker and dry bulk markets are highly fragmented. It is possible that we could not obtain suitable employment for our vessels, which would adversely affect our results of operations and financial position.

We receive a portion of our charterhire revenue from a limited number of customers including Frontline

We will derive a significant portion of our revenues from charters with Frontline Ltd, or Frontline, a publicly-traded shipping company, which is the parent of our Manager, for two of our six vessels.  If we were to lose one or both of our charters with Frontline, or any of our other customers, we may be unable to find a suitable replacement charter for the related vessel on terms as favorable to us as under our current charters. The loss of any of our customers could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations.

Our time charters may limit our ability to benefit from any improvement in charter rates, and at the same time, our revenues may be adversely affected if we do not successfully employ our vessels on the expiration of our charters

Currently, five of our six vessels are contractually committed to time charters, with the remaining terms of these charters expiring on dates between 2010 and 2014. Our sixth vessel, a tanker, is currently operating in the spot market. Although our time charters generally provide reliable revenues, they also limit the portion of our fleet available for spot market voyages during an upswing in the tanker industry cycle, when spot market voyages might be more profitable. By the same token, we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully employ our vessels in the future or renew our existing charters at rates sufficient to allow us to operate our business profitably or meet our obligations. A decline in charter or spot rates or a failure to successfully charter our vessels could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and ability to pay dividends.

We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance indebtedness incurred under our current credit facilities

We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance our indebtedness on terms that are acceptable to us or at all. If we are not able to refinance our indebtedness, we will have to dedicate a greater portion of our cash flow from operations to pay the principal and interest of this indebtedness. We cannot assure you that we will be able to generate cash flow in amounts that are sufficient for these purposes. If we are not able to satisfy these obligations, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans or sell our assets. In addition, debt service payments under our credit facilities may limit funds otherwise available for working capital, capital expenditures, payment of dividends and other purposes. If we are unable to meet our debt obligations, or if we otherwise default under our credit facilities, our lenders could declare the debt, together with accrued interest and fees, to be immediately due and payable and foreclose on our fleet, which could result in the acceleration of other indebtedness that we may have at such time and the commencement of similar foreclosure proceedings by other lenders.

As we expand our fleet, we may not be able to recruit suitable employees and crew for our vessels which may limit our growth and cause our financial performance to suffer

We have recently expanded our fleet from four to six vessels and diversified from a pure tanker fleet to a fleet of which one-third are dry bulk carriers. We may not be able to continue to hire suitable employees as we expand our fleet and diversify.  If we are unable to recruit suitable employees and crews, we may not be able to provide our services to customers, our growth may be limited and our financial performance may suffer.

 
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We are subject to certain risks with respect to our counterparties on contracts, and failure of such counterparties to meet their obligations could cause us to suffer losses or otherwise adversely affect our business

We have entered into various contracts, including charterparties with our customers and our credit facilities. These agreements subject us to counterparty risks. The ability of each of our counterparties to perform its obligations under a contract with us will depend on a number of factors that are beyond our control and may include, among other things, general economic conditions, the condition of the maritime and offshore industries, the overall financial condition of the counterparty, charter rates received for specific types of vessels, and various expenses. Should a counterparty fail to honor its obligations under agreements with us, we could sustain significant losses which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Declines in charter rates and other market deterioration could cause us to incur impairment charges

The carrying values of our vessels are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the vessel may no longer be recoverable. We assess recoverability of the carrying value by estimating the future net cash flows expected to result from the vessel, including eventual disposal If the future net undiscounted cash flows and the estimated fair market value of the vessel are less than the carrying value an impairment loss is recorded equal to the difference between the vessel's carrying value and fair value. Any impairment charges incurred as a result of declines in charter rates and other market deterioration could negatively affect our business, financial condition, operating results or the trading price of our Ordinary Shares.

Fuel or bunker prices, may adversely affect our profits

For vessels on voyage charters, fuel oil, or bunkers, is a significant, if not the largest, expense. Changes in the price of fuel may adversely affect our profitability to the extent we have vessels on voyage charters. The price and supply of fuel is unpredictable and fluctuates based on events outside our control, including geopolitical developments, supply and demand for oil and gas, actions by OPEC and other oil and gas producers, war and unrest in oil producing countries and regions, regional production patterns and environmental concerns. Further, fuel may become much more expensive in the future, which may reduce the profitability and competitiveness of our business versus other forms of transportation, such as truck or rail.

Operational risks and damage to our vessels could adversely impact our performance

If our vessels suffer damage due to inherent operational risks, we may experience unexpected drydocking costs and delays or total loss of our vessels, which may adversely affect our revenues and business and financial condition.
 
Our vessels and their cargoes will be at risk of being damaged or lost because of events such as marine disasters, bad weather, business interruptions caused by mechanical failures, grounding, fire, explosions and collisions, human error, war, terrorism, piracy and other circumstances or events. These hazards may result in death or injury to persons, loss of revenues or property, environmental damage, higher insurance rates, damage to our customer relationships, delay or rerouting.
 
In addition, the operation of tankers has unique operational risks associated with the transportation of oil. An oil spill may cause significant environmental damage, and the costs associated with a catastrophic spill could exceed the insurance coverage available to us.  Compared to other types of vessels, tankers are exposed to a higher risk of damage and loss by fire, whether ignited by a terrorist attack, collision, or other cause, due to the high flammability and high volume of the oil transported in tankers.
 
If our vessels suffer damage, they may need to be repaired at a drydocking facility. The costs of drydock repairs are unpredictable and may be substantial. We may have to pay drydocking costs that our insurance does not cover in full. The loss of earnings while these vessels are being repaired and repositioned, as well as the actual cost of these repairs, may adversely affect our business and financial condition. In addition, space at drydocking facilities is sometimes limited and not all drydocking facilities are conveniently located. We may be unable to find space at a suitable drydocking facility or our vessels may be forced to travel to a drydocking facility that is not conveniently located to our vessels' positions. The loss of earnings while these vessels are forced to wait for space or to travel to more distant drydocking facilities may adversely affect our business and financial condition. Further, the total loss of any of our vessels could harm our reputation as a safe and reliable vessel owner and operator.  If we are unable to adequately maintain or safeguard our vessels, we may be unable to prevent any such damage, costs or loss which could negatively impact our business, financial condition, results of operations and ability to pay dividends.
 
Increased inspection procedures and tighter import and export controls could increase costs and disrupt our business
 
International shipping is subject to various security and customs inspection and related procedures in countries of origin and destination. Inspection procedures can result in the seizure of contents of our vessels, delays in the loading, offloading or delivery and the levying of customs duties, fines or other penalties against us.
 

 
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Changes to inspection procedures could impose additional financial and legal obligations on us. Furthermore, changes to inspection procedures could also impose additional costs and obligations on our customers and may, in certain cases, render the shipment of certain types of cargo uneconomical or impractical. Any such changes or developments may have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Company

Incurrence of expenses or liabilities may reduce or eliminate distributions

Our policy is to make distributions to shareholders based on earnings and cash flow. The amount and timing of dividends will depend on our earnings, financial condition, cash position, Bermuda law affecting the payment of distributions and other factors. However, we could incur other expenses or contingent liabilities that would reduce or eliminate the cash available for distribution by us as dividends. Our loan agreements require the bank's written consent prior to a dividend payment.  In addition, the declaration and payment of dividends is subject at all times to the discretion of our Board of Directors, or Board.  We cannot assure you that we will pay dividends.

Our financing obligations could affect our ability to incur additional indebtedness or engage in certain transactions

Our existing and future financing agreements impose operational and financing restrictions on us which may significantly limit or prohibit, among other things, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, create liens, sell capital shares of subsidiaries, make certain investments, engage in mergers and acquisitions, purchase and sell vessels, enter into time or consecutive voyage charters or pay dividends without the consent of our lenders. In addition, our lenders may accelerate the maturity of indebtedness under our financing agreements and foreclose on the collateral securing the indebtedness upon the occurrence of certain events of default, including our failure to comply with any of the covenants contained in our financing agreements, not rectified within the permitted time. For instance, declining vessel values could lead to a breach of covenants under our financing agreements. If we are unable to pledge additional collateral or obtain waivers from our lenders, our lenders could accelerate our debt and foreclose on our vessels. In addition, if the lenders accelerate the debt outstanding under one facility in default, it could result in a default on our other facilities.

We may not be able to finance our future capital commitments

We cannot guarantee that we will be able to obtain additional financing at all or on terms acceptable to us. If adequate funds are not available, we may have to reduce expenditures for investments in new and existing projects, which could hinder our growth and prevent us from realizing potential revenues from prior investments which will have a negative impact on our cash flows and results of operations.

If the volatility in LIBOR resumes, it could affect our profitability, earnings and cash flow

The London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, has shown high volatility in 2008 and 2009, with the spread between LIBOR and the prime lending rate widening significantly at times. These conditions are the result of the recent disruptions in the international credit markets. Because the interest rates borne by our outstanding indebtedness fluctuate with changes in LIBOR, if this volatility were to continue, it would affect the amount of interest payable on our debt, which in turn, could have an adverse effect on our profitability, earnings and cash flow.

If we do not set aside funds and are unable to borrow or raise funds for vessel replacement at the end of a vessel's useful life our revenue will decline, which would adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends

If we do not set aside funds and are unable to borrow or raise funds for vessel replacement, we will be unable to replace the vessels in our fleet upon the expiration of their remaining useful lives. Our cash flows and income are dependent on the revenues earned by the chartering of our vessels. If we are unable to replace the vessels in our fleet upon the expiration of their useful lives, our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to pay dividends would be adversely affected. Any funds set aside for vessel replacement will not be available for dividends.

We may not have adequate insurance to compensate us if our vessels are damaged or lost

We procure insurance for our fleet against those risks that we believe the shipping industry commonly insures against. These insurances include hull and machinery insurance, protection and indemnity insurance, which include environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage, and war risk insurance. We can give no assurance that we are adequately insured against all risks. We may not be able to obtain adequate insurance coverage at reasonable rates for our fleet in the future. Additionally, our insurers may not pay particular claims. Our insurance policies contain deductibles for which we will be responsible, limitations and exclusions which, although we believe are standard in the shipping industry, may nevertheless increase our costs or lower our revenue.

 
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Our operations outside the United States expose us to global risks that may interfere with the operation of our vessels

We are an international company and primarily conduct our operations outside of the United States. Changing economic, regulatory, political and governmental conditions in the countries where we are engaged in business or where our vessels are registered affect us. Hostilities or other political instability in regions where our vessels trade could affect our trade patterns and adversely affect our operations and performance. The terrorist attacks against targets in the United States on September 11, 2001 and the military response by the United States has increased the likelihood of acts of terrorism worldwide. Acts of terrorism, regional hostilities or other political instability, as shown by the attack on the Limburg in Yemen in October 2002, attacks on oil pipelines during and subsequent to the Iraq war in 2003 and attacks on expatriate workers in the Middle East could adversely affect the oil trade and reduce our revenue or increase our expenses.

Because we are a foreign corporation, you may not have the same rights that a shareholder in a United States corporation may have

We are a Bermuda company. Our memorandum of association and bye-laws and the Bermuda Companies Act 1981, as amended, govern our affairs. Investors may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions by management, directors or controlling shareholders than would shareholders of a corporation incorporated in a United States jurisdiction. Under Bermuda law a director generally owes a fiduciary duty only to the company; not to the company's shareholders. Our shareholders may not have a direct course of action against our directors. In addition, Bermuda law does not provide a mechanism for our shareholders to bring a class action lawsuit under Bermuda law. Further, our bye-laws provide for the indemnification of our directors or officers against any liability arising out of any act or omission except for an act or omission constituting fraud, dishonesty or illegality.

United States tax authorities could treat the Company as a "passive foreign investment company," which could have adverse United States federal income tax consequences to United States holders

A foreign corporation will be treated as a "passive foreign investment company," or PFIC, for United States federal income tax purposes if either (1) at least 75% of its gross income for any taxable year consists of certain types of "passive income" or (2) at least 50% of the average value of the corporation's assets produce or are held for the production of those types of "passive income."  For purposes of these tests, "passive income" includes dividends, interest, and gains from the sale or exchange of investment property and rents and royalties other than rents and royalties which are received from unrelated parties in connection with the active conduct of a trade or business.  For purposes of these tests, income derived from the performance of services does not constitute "passive income."  United States shareholders of a PFIC are subject to a disadvantageous United States federal income tax regime with respect to the income derived by the PFIC, the distributions they receive from the PFIC and the gain, if any, they derive from the sale or other disposition of their shares in the PFIC.

Prior to its 2004 taxable year, the Company was treated as a PFIC. As a result of a change in its operations, the Company should not be a PFIC with respect to any taxable year beginning with its 2004 taxable year. In the opinion of Seward & Kissel LLP, based upon the Company's operations as described herein, its income from time charters should not be treated as passive income for purposes of determining whether it is a passive foreign investment company. Accordingly, the Company's income from its time chartering activities should not constitute "passive income," and the assets that the Company owns and operates in connection with the production of that income should not constitute passive assets.

There is substantial legal authority supporting this position consisting of case law and United States Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes. However, it should be noted that there is also authority which characterizes time charter income as rental income rather than services income for other tax purposes. Accordingly, no assurance can be given that the IRS or a court of law will accept this position, and there is a risk that the IRS or a court of law could determine that the Company is a PFIC.  Moreover, no assurance can be given that the Company would not constitute a PFIC for any future taxable year if the nature and extent of the Company's operations changed.

If the IRS were to find that the Company is a PFIC for any taxable year, United States shareholders of the Company who held shares during such taxable year would face adverse United States federal income tax consequences.  Under the PFIC rules, unless those shareholders make an election available under the Code (which election could itself have adverse consequences for such shareholders, as discussed below under "Taxation Considerations – United States Federal Income Taxation – United States Federal Income Taxation of United States Holders "), such shareholders would be liable to pay United States federal income tax at the then prevailing income tax rates on ordinary income plus interest upon excess distributions and upon any gain from the disposition of their common shares, as if the excess distribution or gain had been recognized ratably over the shareholder's holding period of the common shares.  See "Taxation Considerations – United States Federal Income Taxation – United States Federal Income Taxation of United States Holders" for a more comprehensive discussion of the United States federal income tax consequences to United States shareholders if the Company is treated as a PFIC.

 
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The Company may have to pay tax on United States source income, which would reduce its earnings

Under the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or the Code, 50% of the gross shipping income of a vessel owning or chartering corporation, such as the Company and its subsidiaries, that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States may be subject to a 4% United States federal income tax without allowance for deduction, unless that corporation qualifies for exemption from tax under section 883 of the Code and the applicable Treasury Regulations recently promulgated thereunder.

In the opinion of Seward & Kissel LLP, the Company and its subsidiaries should qualify for this statutory tax exemption. The Company will take this position for United States federal income tax return reporting purposes. However, there are factual circumstances beyond the Company's control that could cause it to lose the benefit of this tax exemption and thereby become subject to United States federal income tax on its United States source income. For example, the Company would no longer qualify for exemption under Code section 883 for a particular taxable year if shareholders with a five percent or greater interest in the Company's stock owned, in the aggregate, 50% or more of the outstanding shares of the Company's common stock for more than half the days during the taxable year.  Due to the factual nature of the issues involved, there can be no assurances on the tax-exempt status of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.

If the Company or its subsidiaries were not entitled to exemption under Section 883 for any taxable year, they could be subject for those years to 4% United States federal income tax on the shipping income these companies derive during the year which is attributable to the transport of cargoes to or from the United States. The imposition of this taxation would have a negative effect on the Company's business and would result in decreased earnings available for distribution to the Company's shareholders.

Our Liberian subsidiaries may not be exempt from Liberian taxation, which would materially reduce our Liberian subsidiaries', and consequently our, net income and cash flow by the amount of the applicable tax

The Republic of Liberia enacted an income tax law generally effective as of January 1, 2001, or the New Act, which repealed, in its entirety, the prior income tax law in effect since 1977, pursuant to which our Liberian subsidiaries, as non-resident domestic corporations, were wholly exempt from Liberian tax.

In 2004, the Liberian Ministry of Finance issued regulations, or the New Regulations, pursuant to which a non-resident domestic corporation engaged in international shipping, such as our Liberian subsidiaries, will not be subject to tax under the New Act retroactive to January 1, 2001. In addition, the Liberian Ministry of Justice issued an opinion that the New Regulations were a valid exercise of the regulatory authority of the Ministry of Finance. Therefore, assuming that the New Regulations are valid, our Liberian subsidiaries will be wholly exempt from tax as under prior law.

If our Liberian subsidiaries were subject to Liberian income tax under the New Act, our Liberian subsidiaries would be subject to tax at a rate of 35% on their worldwide income. As a result, their, and subsequently our, net income and cash flow would be materially reduced by the amount of the applicable tax. In addition, we, as a shareholder of the Liberian subsidiaries, would be subject to Liberian withholding tax on dividends paid by the Liberian subsidiaries at rates ranging from 15% to 20%.

Because our offices and most of our assets are outside the United States, you may not be able to bring suit against us, or enforce a judgment obtained against us in the United States

Our executive offices, administrative activities and assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be more difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us, or to enforce both in the United States and outside the United States judgments against us in any action, including actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States.

Investor confidence and the market price of our ordinary shares may be adversely impacted if we are unable to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

We are subject to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which requires us to include in our Annual Report on Form 20-F our management's report on, and assessment of the effectiveness of, our internal controls over financial reporting. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm is required to attest to and report on management's assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. If we fail to maintain the adequacy of our internal controls over financial reporting, we will not be in compliance with all of the requirements imposed by Section 404. Any failure to comply with Section 404 could result in an adverse reaction in the financial marketplace due to a loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our financial statements, which ultimately could harm our business and could negatively impact the market price of our common stock.

 
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ITEM 4.  INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

A.  HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited was incorporated in Bermuda on September 18, 1996. The Company's registered and principal executive offices are located at Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, HM 08, Bermuda, and its telephone number is +1 (441) 295-6935. References herein to the Company or to "we" or "us" include the Company and all of its subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated. The Company was incorporated for the purpose of the acquisition, disposition, ownership, leasing and chartering of, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, five very large crude oil carriers. The Company used the net proceeds of its initial public offering and bank debt to fund the purchase of these vessels. Upon their purchase from their previous owners on February 27, 1997 until March 2004, the Company chartered its vessels to Shell International on long-term bareboat charters. The term of each of these charters was a minimum of seven years, with options for Shell International to extend the period for each vessel's charter. Shell International did not extend the bareboat charters for any of the vessels.  Consequently, the charters expired for all five vessels, in accordance with their terms, during March 2004 and the vessels were redelivered to the Company.

Following the redelivery of its original vessels, we entered into a five year time charter for one of our vessels, which expired in March 2009, while two of our vessels were time chartered for a period of three years, which expired in May 2007. We then entered into four and five year time charter agreements with Frontline Ltd. (NYSE: FRO; OSE: FRO), a Bermuda based publicly listed tanker owner and operator, which is the parent of our Manager as described below to replace the charters which expired in May 2007. Our remaining two vessels had been trading on the spot market and from April 2005, participated in a pooling arrangement with Frontline. During March 2007, the pooling arrangement with Frontline was terminated, and we commenced a three year time charter for one of the vessels, leaving one vessel trading in the spot market. That vessel was sold in December 2007. We currently own and operate six vessels, five of which are employed on time charters. One vessel, which has been operating in the spot market, will be operating under a 30-month bareboat charter contract from late March 2010.

In May 2007, we entered into agreements for the construction of two Capesize dry bulk carriers, each with a cargo-carrying capacity of approximately 170,000 dwt, with Daehan Shipbuilding Co Ltd in the Republic of Korea. Both of the vessels commenced five-year time charters following their delivery to us in August and October 2009.

B.  BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Our primary business activity is currently the international seaborne transportation of crude oil and dry bulk cargoes. Our current fleet consists of four double-hull VLCCs, one of which was built in 1996 and three of which were built in 1995, and two Capesize dry bulk carriers that were delivered to us in 2009. Each of our vessels is owned by a subsidiary and has been flagged in the Marshall Islands.  In addition to the VLCCs, the Company charters two Capesize dry bulk carriers Our total carrying capacity is 1.53 million dwt. The following chart provides information on the deployment of our vessels as of December 31, 2009:
 
 
Vessel Name
Type
Employment
Expiration Date
       
Camden (1)
VLCC
Spot
n/a
Mayfair
VLCC
Time charter
April 2010
Hampstead
VLCC
Time charter
May 2012
Kensington
VLCC
Time charter
May 2011
Battersea (2)
Capesize
Time charter
August 2014
Belgravia (3)
Capesize
Time charter
October 2014

(1)  We have entered into a 30-month bareboat charter contract for this vessel, which is scheduled to commence late March 2010.
(2)  This vessel was delivered to us in August 2009.
(3)  This vessel was delivered to us in October 2009.

Our principal executive offices are located in Hamilton, Bermuda.

Strategy

Our business strategy is to operate a diversified fleet of VLCCs and Capesize dry bulk carriers with flexibility to adjust our exposure to the tanker and dry bulk markets depending on existing factors such as charter rates, newbuilding costs, vessel resale and scrap values and vessel operating expenses resulting from, among other things, changes in the supply of and demand for tanker and dry bulk capacity. We may adjust our exposure through time charters, bareboat charters, sale and leasebacks, sales and purchases of vessels, newbuilding contracts and acquisitions.

Our goal is to generate competitive returns for our shareholders. In February 2010, our Board, determined to resume the payment of quarterly dividend distributions and declared a dividend of $0.30 per share with respect to the fourth quarter of 2009. We did not declare a dividend with respect to the first, second or third quarter of 2009 and we cannot guarantee that we will pay a dividend in any future quarters. The level of any future dividend will be guided by present earnings, market prospects, current capital expenditure programs as well as investment opportunities.

 
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Management Structure

Our Board decided, at the incorporation of the Company, to contract the day-to-day management services of the Company and its subsidiaries, rather than to establish a proprietary management organization. This policy was based on the availability of such services in the market on terms which we consider more cost efficient to us than the alternative. The Board has not seen any reason to change this policy since it was formulated. All of the management services contracted in by the Company and its subsidiaries are subject to the Board's or, as the case may be, the board of the relevant subsidiary's, sole right to determine the overall objectives and policies of the Company and its subsidiaries. Further, all matters of material importance to or of an extraordinary nature in respect of our business are decided by the Board.

General Management Agreement

We are provided with general administrative services by ICB Shipping (Bermuda) Limited, or the Manager, on the terms set forth in a management agreement dated February 12, 1997, as subsequently amended by an amendment no. 1 thereto dated March 1, 2004, or the Management Agreement. The Manager is a wholly owned subsidiary of Frontline. The Manager subcontracts all the services delivered to the Company and its subsidiaries to Frontline Management (Bermuda) Limited, another wholly owned subsidiary of Frontline. The fee payable to the Manager pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement is $1.15 million per annum plus a commission of 1.25% on gross freight revenues and 1% of proceeds on the sale of vessels. We are responsible for paying all administrative expenses incurred from third parties such as audit, legal and other professional fees, registration fees and directors' and officers' fees and expenses. The Board believes that the fee level (and other terms of the Management Agreement) are substantially similar to those that can be obtained in the market. The Company may terminate the Management Agreement at any time upon 30 days notice to the Manager provided such termination has been approved by the affirmative vote of shareholders holding at least 66 2/3 per cent of the Company's outstanding common shares in a shareholders meeting. The Company may, furthermore, terminate the Management Agreement subject to five business day's prior written notice to the Manager in the event:

 
of a material breach of the terms thereof by the Manager occurs and remains unremedied for 30 days;
 
 
any material consent, authorization, license, approval or similar requirement for the Manager's activities as such is modified, terminated, revoked or expires;
 
 
the Manager becomes subject to an insolvency event;
 
 
it becomes unlawful for the Manager to perform the services to be provided there under; or
 
 
the Manager ceases to be a wholly owned subsidiary of Frontline.
 
The Manager may terminate the Management Agreement upon 10 business days notice in the event the Company undergoes "a change of control" (which shall mean the election of a director to the Board who is not recommended by the then current Board). The Management Agreement terminates automatically in 2012 unless earlier terminated as per above. The Board believes that, in the case of any termination of the Management Agreement, we can obtain an appropriate alternative arrangement for our management requirements although there can be no assurance that such alternative arrangement would not cause the Company to incur additional expenses.

Technical Management of Vessels

Technical management of our vessels is provided by ship mangers subcontracted by the Manager to oversee the technical elements of running the vessels.

Commercial Management of Capesize Vessels

KTL Belgravia I Inc. and KTL Belgravia II Inc., our dry bulk owning subsidiaries and Golden Ocean Management AS, or the Commercial Manager, have negotiated the terms of a commercial management agreement in respect of our dry bulk carriers. These services commenced on delivery of the dry bulk carriers and, subject to the overall authority of the boards of the two subsidiaries, include the authority to charter out the carriers. The remuneration of the Commercial Manager is 1.25 % of all gross freights earned by the vessels. The agreement can be terminated by either party subject to one month's written notice. The Commercial Manager is a wholly owned subsidiary of Golden Ocean Group Limited., a Bermuda company listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange. Golden Ocean Group Limited is related to Frontline.

 
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Seasonality
 
Historically, oil trade and therefore charter rates increased in the winter months and eased in the summer months as demand for oil in the Northern Hemisphere rose in colder weather and fell in warmer weather. The tanker industry in general is less dependent on the seasonal transport of heating oil than a decade ago as new uses for oil and oil products have developed, spreading consumption more evenly over the year. Most apparent is a higher seasonal demand during the summer months due to energy requirements for air conditioning and motor vehicles.
 
Customers
 
Our customers include major oil companies, tanker companies, dry bulk carriers, petroleum products traders, government agencies and various other entities. During the year ended December 31, 2009, two customers accounted for 66% of our consolidated operating revenues.
 
Competition
 
The market for international seaborne crude oil and dry bulk transportation services is highly fragmented and competitive. Seaborne crude oil transportation services generally are provided by two main types of operators: major oil company captive fleets (both private and state-owned) and independent ship-owner fleets. In addition, many owners and operators in each of the tanker and dry bulk industries pool their vessels together on an ongoing basis, and such pools are available to customers to the same extent as independently owned and operated fleets. Many major oil companies and other oil trading companies, the primary charterers of the tankers owned or controlled by us, also operate their own vessels and use those vessels not only to transport their own crude oil but also to transport crude oil for third party end-users in direct competition with independent owners and operators in the tanker charter market. Competition for charters is intense and is based upon price, location, size, age, condition and acceptability of the vessel and its manager. Competition is also affected by the availability of other size vessels to compete in the trades in which we engage. Charters are to a large extent brokered through international independent brokerage houses that specialize in finding the optimal ship for any particular cargo based on the aforementioned criteria. Brokers may be appointed by the cargo shipper or the ship owner.
 
Environmental and Other Regulations

Government regulations and laws significantly affect the ownership and operation of our vessels. We are subject to international conventions, national, state and local laws and regulations in force in the countries in which our vessels may operate or are registered and compliance with such laws, regulations and other requirements may entail significant expense.

Our vessels are subject to both scheduled and unscheduled inspections by a variety of government, quasi-governmental and private organizations including the local port authorities, national authorities, harbor masters or equivalent, classification societies, flag state administrations (countries of registry) and charterers. Our failure to maintain permits, licenses, certificates or other approvals required by some of these entities could require us to incur substantial costs or temporarily suspend operation of one or more of our vessels.

We believe that the heightened levels of environmental and quality concerns among insurance underwriters, regulators and charterers have led to greater inspection and safety requirements on all vessels and may accelerate the scrapping of older vessels throughout the industry. Increasing environmental concerns have created a demand for vessels that conform to stricter environmental standards.  We believe that the operation of our vessels is in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and that our vessels have all material permits, licenses, certificates or other authorizations necessary for the conduct of our operations; however, because such laws and regulations are frequently changed and may impose increasingly stricter requirements, we cannot predict the ultimate cost of complying with these requirements, or the impact of these requirements on the resale value or useful lives of our vessels. In addition, additional legislation or regulation applicable to the operation of our vessels that may be implemented in the future could negatively affect our profitability.

International Maritime Organization

The International Maritime Organization, the United Nations agency for maritime safety and the prevention of pollution by ships or the IMO, has adopted several international conventions that regulate the international shipping industry, including the International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, and the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, or the MARPOL Convention. The MARPOL Convention establishes environmental standards relating to oil leakage or spilling, garbage management, sewage, air emissions, handling and disposal of noxious liquids and the handling of , harmful substances in packaged form.

 
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The operation of our vessels is also affected by the requirements contained in the International Safety Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention, or ISM Code, promulgated by the IMO under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, or SOLAS. The ISM Code requires the party with operational control of a vessel to develop an extensive safety management system that includes, among other things, the adoption of a safety and environmental protection policy setting forth instructions and procedures for operating its vessels safely and describing procedures for responding to emergencies. We intend to rely upon the safety management system that our appointed ship managers have developed.
 
Noncompliance with the ISM Code or with other IMO regulations may subject a shipowner or bareboat charterer to increased liability, may lead to decreases in available insurance coverage for affected vessels and may result in the denial of access to, or detention in, some ports including United States and European Union ports.

United States

The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act

The U.S. Oil Pollution Act of 1990, or OPA, is an extensive regulatory and liability regime for environmental protection and cleanup of oil spills. OPA affects all owners and operators whose vessels trade with the United States or its territories or possessions, or whose vessels operate in the waters of the United States, which include the U.S. territorial sea and the 200 nautical mile exclusive economic zone around the United States. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, or CERCLA, imposes liability for cleanup and natural resource damage from the release of hazardous substances (other than oil) whether on land or at sea. Both OPA and CERCLA impact our operations.

Under OPA, vessel owners, operators and bareboat charterers are responsible parties who are jointly, severally and strictly liable (unless the spill results solely from the act or omission of a third party, an act of God or an act of war) for all containment and clean-up costs and other damages arising from oil spills from their vessels.OPA limits the liability of responsible parties with respect to tankers over 3,000 gross tons to the greater of $3,000 per gross tons or $22.0 million per single hull tanker, and $1,900 per gross ton or $16.0 million per double hull tanker, respectively, and permits individual states to impose their own liability regimes with regard to oil pollution incidents occurring within their boundaries. Some states have enacted legislation providing for unlimited liability for discharge of pollutants within their waters, however, in some cases, states which have enacted this type of legislation have not yet issued implementing regulations defining tanker owners' responsibilities under these laws. CERCLA, which applies to owners and operators of vessels, contains a similar liability regime and provides for cleanup, removal and natural resource damages. Liability under CERCLA is limited to the greater of $300 per gross ton or $5.0 million for vessels carrying a hazardous substance as cargo and the greater of $300 per gross ton or $0.5 million for any other vessel.

These limits of liability do not apply, however, where the incident is caused by violation of applicable U.S. federal safety, construction or operating regulations, or by the responsible party's gross negligence or willful misconduct. These limits also do not apply if the responsible party fails or refuses to report the incident or to cooperate and assist in connection with the substance removal activities. OPA and CERCLA each preserve the right to recover damages under existing law, including maritime tort law. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with OPA, CERCLA and all applicable state regulations in the ports where our vessels call.

OPA also requires owners and operators of vessels to establish and maintain with the U.S. Coast Guard evidence of financial responsibility sufficient to meet the limit of their potential strict liability under the act. Under the regulations, evidence of financial responsibility may be demonstrated by insurance, surety bond, self-insurance or guaranty. Under OPA regulations, an owner or operator of more than one tanker is required to demonstrate evidence of financial responsibility for the entire fleet in an amount equal only to the financial responsibility requirement of the tanker having the greatest maximum strict liability under OPA and CERCLA. We have provided such evidence and received certificates of financial responsibility from the U.S. Coast Guard for each of our vessels required to have one.

Other U.S. Environmental Initiatives

The U.S. Clean Water Act, or CWA, prohibits the discharge of oil, hazardous substances, and ballast water  in U.S. navigable waters unless authorized by a duly-issued permit or exemption, and imposes strict liability in the form of penalties for any unauthorized discharges. The CWA also imposes substantial liability for the costs of removal, remediation and damages and complements the remedies available under OPA and CERCLA. Furthermore, most U.S. states that border a navigable waterway have enacted environmental pollution laws that impose strict liability on a person for removal costs and damages resulting from a discharge of oil or a release of a hazardous substance. These laws may be more stringent than U.S. federal law.


 
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The U.S. Clean Air Act of 1970, as amended by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977 and 1990, or the CAA, requires the EPA to promulgate standards applicable to emissions of volatile organic compounds and other air contaminants. Our vessels are subject to vapor control and recovery requirements for certain cargoes when loading, unloading, ballasting, cleaning and conducting other operations in regulated port areas. Our vessels that operate in such port areas with restricted cargoes are equipped with vapor recovery systems that satisfy these requirements. The CAA also requires states to draft State Implementation Plans, or SIPs, designed to attain national health-based air quality standards in primarily major metropolitan and/or industrial areas. Several SIPs regulate emissions resulting from vessel loading and unloading operations by requiring the installation of vapor control equipment. As indicated above, our vessels operating in covered port areas are already equipped with vapor recovery systems that satisfy these existing requirements.

European Union

The European Union has adopted legislation that would: (1) ban manifestly sub-standard vessels (defined as those over 15 years old that have been detained by port authorities at least twice in a six month period) from European waters and create an obligation of port states to inspect vessels posing a high risk to maritime safety or the marine environment; and (2) provide the European Union with greater authority and control over classification societies, including the ability to seek to suspend or revoke the authority of negligent societies. In addition, European Union regulations enacted in 2003 now prohibit all single hull tankers from entering into its ports or offshore terminals.

Greenhouse Gas Regulation

The IMO is evaluating mandatory measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping, which may include market-based instruments or a carbon tax. Any passage of climate control legislation or other regulatory initiatives by the IMO, EU, the U.S. or other countries where we operate that restrict emissions of greenhouse gases could require us to make significant financial expenditures that we cannot predict with certainty at this time.

Vessel Security Regulations

Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, there have been a variety of initiatives intended to enhance vessel security including the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002, or MTSA, amendments to SOLAS and a requirement that any vessel trading internationally obtain an International Ship Security Certificate from a recognized security organization approved by the vessel's flag state. We believe that our fleet is currently in compliance with applicable security requirements.

Inspection by Classification Societies

Every oceangoing vessel must be "classed" by a classification society. The classification society certifies that the vessel is "in-class," signifying that the vessel has been built and maintained in accordance with the rules of the classification society and complies with applicable rules and regulations of the vessel's country of registry and the international conventions of which that country is a member. In addition, where surveys are required by international conventions and corresponding laws and ordinances of a flag state, the classification society will undertake them on application or by official order, acting on behalf of the authorities concerned.

Most insurance underwriters make it a condition for insurance coverage that a vessel be certified as "in-class" by a classification society which is a member of the International Association of Classification Societies. All our vessels are certified as being "in-class" by a recognized classification society.

Risk of loss and insurance

Our business is affected by a number of risks, including mechanical failure of the vessels, collisions, property loss to the vessels, cargo loss or damage and business interruption due to political circumstances in foreign countries, hostilities and labor strikes. In addition, the operation of any ocean-going vessel is subject to the inherent possibility of catastrophic marine disaster, including oil spills and other environmental mishaps, and the liabilities arising from owning and operating vessels in international trade.  OPA, which imposes virtually unlimited liability upon owners, operators and demise charterers of any vessel trading in the United States exclusive economic zone for certain oil pollution accidents in the United States, has made liability insurance more expensive for ship owners and operators trading in the United States market.

Our Manager is responsible for arranging the insurance of our vessels in line with standard industry practice. In accordance with that practice, we maintain marine hull and machinery and war risks insurance, which include the risk of actual or constructive total loss, and protection and indemnity insurance with mutual assurance associations. We carry insurance covering the loss of hire resulting from marine casualties or hull and marine particular damages on our vessels. Currently, the amount of coverage for liability for pollution, spillage and leakage available to us on commercially reasonable terms through protection and indemnity associations and providers of excess coverage is $1.0 billion per vessel per occurrence. Protection and indemnity associations are mutual marine indemnity associations formed by shipowners to provide protection from large financial loss to one member by contribution towards that loss by all members.

We believe that our current insurance coverage is adequate to protect us against the accident-related risks involved  in the conduct of our business and that we maintain appropriate levels of environmental damage and pollution insurance coverage, consistent with standard industry practice. However, there is no assurance that all risks are adequately insured against, that any particular claims will be paid or that we will be able to procure adequate insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates in the future.

 
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C.  ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

See Exhibit 8.1 for a list of our significant subsidiaries.

D.  PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

We operate a modern fleet of four tankers and two Capesize dry bulk carriers. The name, dwt, flag and date of original delivery from the Builder's yard are set forth below.

Vessel name
Type
Approx. dwt
Flag
Year Built
 
 
 
 
 
Camden
VLCC
298,000
Marshall Islands
1995
Mayfair
VLCC
298,000
Marshall Islands
1995
Kensington
VLCC
298,000
Marshall Islands
1995
Hampstead
VLCC
298,000
Marshall Islands
1996
Belgravia
Capesize
170,500
Marshall Islands
2009
Battersea
Capesize
170,500
Marshall Islands
2009

Our VLCCs are of double hull construction designed for enhanced safety and reliability.

Other than its interests in the vessels, the Company has no interest in any other property.

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

ITEM 5.  OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

Overview

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Item 3 "Selected Financial Data" and the Company's audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included herein.

In February 1997, the Company's five wholly-owned subsidiaries each purchased one VLCC. From their purchase in February 1997 until March 2004, the Company chartered the VLCCs to Shell International on long-term bareboat charters. The charters expired for all five VLCCs, in accordance with their terms, in March 2004 and the VLCCs were redelivered to the Company and subsequently chartered out on time and spot markets.

In May 2007, the Company entered into agreements for the construction of two Capesize dry bulk carriers, each with a cargo-carrying capacity of approximately 170,000 dwt, with Daehan Shipbuilding Co Ltd in the Republic of Korea. Both of the vessels commenced five-year time charters following their delivery to us in August and October 2009.

One of the Company's VLCCs is currently operating in the spot market. The remaining five vessels are currently operating under the following time charter agreements:

 
Time Charter Terms
Length of Charter
Expiration date
Hampstead
$37,750 per day plus profit share*
5 year
May 2012
Kensington
$37,750 per day plus profit share*
4 year
May 2011
Mayfair
$45,000 per day
3 year
April 2010
Battersea
$40,000 per day
5 year
August 2014
Belgravia
$52,670 per day
5 year
October 2014

* Profit share is calculated and settled on a quarterly basis for earnings in excess of $37,750 per vessel per day calculated by reference to the Baltic International Trading Route (BITR) Index.

We have entered into a 30-month bareboat charter contract, which is scheduled to commence late March 2010, for the VLCC currently operating in the spot market.


 
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Market Overview and Trend Information

According to industry sources, the average TCE rate for a modern VLCC in the first quarter of 2009 was $55,400/day, ranging between $83,000/day in January to $36,500/day at the end of March. For the second, third and fourth quarter, the average TCE rate was $27,700/day, $23,400/day and $39,500/day, respectively. For the full year, the average TCE rate was $36,500/day.

The tanker market began the year rather strongly, as the world economic downturn did not have a significant effect on tanker rates. The demand for oil remained high and the supply of tonnage remained tight. In addition, primarily due to "contango" in the oil markets, some 45 to 50 VLCCs on average throughout this period were employed in storage of oil.  This, in conjunction with weak fleet growth for 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, positioned owners for increased rates. However, significant factors, such as projections of reduced global oil demand and a high and steady influx of new tonnage, inevitably tended to have a countervailing negative impact.

Transport distances fell sharply in the first half of the year but recovered substantially throughout the second half due to China's large crude oil importing program and build up of reserves. Industry sources estimate that 2009 experienced a reduction of 4.3% in total tanker ton-mile demand compared with 2008. In contrast, the fourth quarter remained relatively steady (-0.1%) year-on-year. Storage was at the level of the first half of the year, but oil demand decreased and newbuilding deliveries began to increase in frequency. Removals from the fleet were below expectations, but fleet growth should slow down as the 2010 phase out deadline for single hull vessels approaches. Delays in the Turkish straits increased towards the end of the year with approximately 6 to 7 days waiting time through the Bosporus and Dardanelles through much of November and all of December. Port strikes in Fos and Lavera also contributed to a tightening tonnage supply.

Global oil demand remains the most important driver for ton-mile demand, and as oil demand decreased by 1.5% in 2009, ton-miles subsequently dropped by about 4.3%. However, the average transportation distance is increasing year-on-year as China and India are enhancing their West Africa and Central and South American crude programs. Furthermore, expected increased trade volume between the Persian Gulf and the U.S. should also help boost the 2010 ton-mile demand, which industry sources currently estimate at approximately 7% larger than in 2009.

The dry bulk shipping market opened 2009 in a highly depressed state. After the all-time high of $234,000 per day for spot earnings for a capsize vessel in June 2008, the spot market declined by more than 99% in just six months.  However, the dramatic fall of the costs of transportation and of commodity prices in general served as incentives for the rapidly growing Chinese economy to secure raw materials at considerably lower delivered cost than that which had been experienced in recent years.

Global steel production fell by 110 million mt during 2009 while China's steel production rose by 67 million mt. China's iron ore imports increased by 187 million mt, or 41%.  In addition, the dry bulk market was unexpectedly bolstered by strong Chinese coal imports. China is the biggest coal producer in the world and has traditionally been a net exporter, but, in 2009, China suddenly became a substantial net importer.

The supply of new dry bulk vessels entering the market remains a concern. Due to delays and cancellations, actual deliveries fell about 40% short of expectations. As a consequence, the utilization of the dry bulk fleet from the second quarter onward exceeded 90%, and spot earnings as well as the period time charter market outperformed expectations.

The average spot rate for a Capesize bulker in 2009 was $42,650 per day, representing a 60% decrease from 2008, though still high from a historic perspective.

According to the February 2010 report from the International Energy Agency, or "IEA", average OPEC production is estimated at 28.7 million barrels per day in 2009. The expected 2010 OPEC production output figure has not yet been published by the IEA.  However, the IEA estimates a production figure of 29.1 million barrels per day for January 2010, which is equivalent to their production output in January 2009.

The IEA further estimates that the average world oil demand was 84.9 million barrels per day in 2009, which represents a decrease of 1.5% or 1.3 million barrels per day from 2008. For 2010, the world oil demand is estimated at 86.5 million barrels per day, representing an increase of 1.8% or 1.6 million barrels per day from 2009.

Throughout 2009, the oil majors continued to discriminate against single hull tankers. An increasing number of port and flag states also announced their reluctance to accept such vessels beginning in January 2010. Subsequently, the market for these vessels has started to diminish, leaving only a few areas in East Asia where they are still allowed to trade.

The bunker (vessel fuel oil) market followed movements in the oil market closely in 2009. The average bunker price in Fujairah was approximately $370/mt, which represents a decrease of $137/mt from 2008. The prices ranged from a low of $226/mt in the middle of March to a high of $485/mt at the end of December.

 
21

 


According to the 'World Economic Outlook - Update' published by The International Monetary Fund, or "IMF", in January 2010, World Output, or GDP, decreased 0.8% in 2009, which was a substantial downward shift compared to the 2009 3% growth estimate as reported in October 2008. For 2010 and 2011, however, the IMF forecasts World GDP growth of 3.9% and 4.3%, respectively.

Furthermore, the IMF reported a U.S. GDP decrease of 2.5% for 2009, down from the 2008 increase of 0.4%. It is, however, estimated that U.S. GDP will increase by 2.7% in 2010.

While the Euro area (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) and Japan both experienced a decrease in GDP throughout 2009 of 3.9% and 5.3%, respectively, they are also expected to report GDP growth for both 2010 and 2011.

The emerging and developing economies increased their GDP by 2% for 2009, which represents a decrease from their 2008 growth of 6%. Current estimates, however, estimate a healthier economy in the next four years with a predicted growth rate of approximately 6% for 2010 and 2011, according to the IMF.

China reported figures consistent with expectations. After an unprecedented domestic industry build-up, China's GDP increased by 8.7% throughout 2009. While this represents a small decrease in growth relative to the 9.6% growth experienced in 2008, the IMF has forecast GDP growth of about 10% for 2010 and 2011.

The total VLCC fleet increased by approximately 8% in 2009 to 529 vessels. Throughout the year, a total of 54 new vessels were delivered to owners and 12 new orders were placed. The total order book consisted of 178 vessels at the end of the year, representing approximately 34% of the existing fleet.

Throughout 2010, it is estimated that 67 VLCCs will enter the market, including 20 in the first quarter. This substantial amount of new tonnage will be cushioned, to some extent, by the expected phase-out program of single hull vessels which, at the end of 2009, consisted of 84 VLCCs. Finally, to help mitigate the future influx of vessels, we expect further changes to orders such as cancellations, delays and deferrals.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires that management make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
 
Management believes that the following accounting policies are the most critical in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results as they require a higher degree of judgment in their application resulting from the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. See Note 2 to our audited Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for details of all of our material accounting policies.
 
Revenue and expense recognition
 
Revenues are generated from freight billings and time charter hires. Time charter revenues are recorded over the term of the charter as service is provided. Under a voyage charter the revenues and associated voyage costs are recognized ratably over the estimated duration of the voyage, which is measured from completion of discharge to completion of discharge. Voyage revenues and expenses are recognized ratably over the estimated length of each voyage and, therefore, are allocated between reporting periods based on the relative transit time in each period. The impact of recognizing voyage expenses ratably over the length of each voyage is not materially different on a quarterly and annual basis from a method of recognizing such costs as incurred. Probable losses on voyages are accrued in full at the time such losses can be estimated. Amounts receivable from profit sharing arrangements are accrued based on the time charter equivalent rates achieved through vessel deployment over the preceding quarter in the market for certain key routes and are not contingent on the performance of the Company. This amount is calculated and accounted for on a quarterly basis and is received on a quarterly basis. Each quarterly settlement is final and does not get carried forward to the next quarter. There is no consideration of future performance in the recording of profit sharing revenue.

Vessels and depreciation
 
Vessels are stated at cost less accumulated deprecation. Depreciation is calculated based on cost less estimated residual value, using the straight-line method, over the useful life of each vessel. The useful life of each vessel is deemed to be 25 years.

The carrying value of each of the Company's vessels represents its original cost at the time it was delivered or purchased less depreciation calculated using an estimated useful life of 25 years from the date such vessel was originally delivered from the shipyard. Effective July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its four VLCCs from $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting increase in salvage value reduced depreciation by

 
22

 

approximately $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The Company's assumptions used in the determination of estimated salvage value took into account then current scrap prices, the historic pattern of scrap rates over the ten years ended December 31, 2008, estimated changes in future market demand for scrap steel and estimated future demand for vessels. Management believes that $281 per lightweight ton is a reasonable estimate of future scrap prices, taking into consideration the cyclicality of the nature of future demand for scrap steel. Although management believes that the assumptions used to determine the scrap rate are reasonable and appropriate, such assumptions are highly subjective, in part, because of the cyclicality of the nature of future demand for scrap steel.

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets that are held and used by the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If such a review indicates impairment, an impairment charge is recognized based on the difference between carrying value and fair value. Fair value is typically established using an average of three independent valuations. In addition, long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell.

Factors Affecting Our Results

The principal factors which affect our results of operations and financial position include:

 
the earnings of our vessels in the charter market;
 
 
the earnings from the sale of assets;
 
 
vessel operating expenses;
 
 
administrative expenses;
 
 
depreciation; and
 
 
interest expense.
 
Operating costs are the direct costs associated with running a vessel and include crew costs, vessel supplies, repairs and maintenance, drydockings, lubricating oils and insurance. We bear the operating costs for our vessels which operate under time charter.

Administrative expenses are composed of general corporate overhead expenses, including audit fees, directors' fees and expenses, registrar fees, investor relations and publication expenses, legal and professional fees and other general administrative expenses.

Depreciation, or the periodic cost charged to our income for the reduction in usefulness and long-term value of our vessels, is also related to the number of vessels we own. We depreciate the cost of our vessels, less their estimated residual value, over their estimated useful life on a straight-line basis.

Interest expense depends on our overall borrowing levels and will change with prevailing interest rates, although the effect of these changes may be reduced by interest rate swaps or other derivative instruments. At December 31, 2009, all of our debt was floating rate debt. We may enter into interest rate swap arrangements if we believe it is advantageous to do so.

Inflation
 
Although inflation has had a moderate impact on our vessel operating expenses and corporate overheads, management does not consider inflation to be a significant risk to direct costs in the current and foreseeable economic environment. It is anticipated that insurance costs, which have risen over the last three years, may well continue to rise moderately over the next few years. Oil transportation is a specialized area and the number of vessels is increasing. There will therefore be an increased demand for qualified crew and this has and will continue to put inflationary pressure on crew costs. However, in a shipping downturn, costs subject to inflation can usually be controlled because shipping companies typically monitor costs to preserve liquidity and encourage suppliers and service providers to lower rates and prices in the event of a downturn.
 

 
23

 


 
Year ended December 31, 2009 compared with year ended December 31, 2008

Operating revenues
 
(in thousands of $)     2009       2008       Change  
Time charter revenues
 
 
54,892
 
 
 
74,837
 
 
 
(26.7%
Voyage charter revenues
 
 
12,447
 
 
 
8,077
 
 
 
54.1%
 
Total operating revenues
 
 
67,339
 
 
 
82,914
 
 
 
(18.8%

Time charter revenues decreased in the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the year ended December 31, 2008 primarily due to a decrease in profit share payments of $18.9 million received from the time charters for the Hampstead and Kensington due to the weaker spot market and a decrease in time charter earnings from the Camden of $9.1 million, which was operated in the spot market after its five year time charter ended March 2009, offset by time charter earnings from the Battersea and Belgravia, which commenced five year time charters upon delivery to the Company in August and October 2009, respectively.

Voyage charter revenues in the year ended December 31, 2009 relate to the Camden, which operated in the spot market from March 2009 whereas voyage charter revenues in the year ended December 31, 2008 relate to the Chelsea, which was sold in December 2007 and delivered in February 2008.

Operating expenses

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
 
 
2008
 
 
Change
 
Voyage expenses and commission
 
 
8,588
 
 
 
4,012
 
 
 
114.1
Ship operating expenses
 
 
18,829
 
 
 
14,535
 
 
 
29.5
Administrative expenses
 
 
1,823
 
 
 
1,538
 
 
 
18.5
Depreciation
 
 
14,343
 
 
 
13,711
 
 
 
4.6
Total operating expenses
 
 
43,583
 
 
 
33,796
 
 
 
29.0

The increase in voyage expenses in the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the year ended December 31, 2008 is primarily due to the Camden, which traded in the spot market from March 2009 compared to the Chelsea, which traded in the spot market for six weeks at the beginning of 2008 before delivery to its new owners.

Ship operating expenses increased in the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the year ended December 31, 2008 primarily due to an increase in crew expenses, repairs and maintenance and spares on our VLCCs and operating costs for the Battersea and Belgravia. There were no drydocking costs during 2009 (2008: nil).

Depreciation increased in the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the year ended December 31, 2008 primarily due to the Battersea and Belgravia offset by the effect of an increase in estimated residual values of our four VLCCs, effective July 1, 2009, which reduced depreciation on those vessels by $1.0 million in the final two quarters of 2009.

Other income (expenses)

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
 
 
2008
 
 
Change
 
Interest income
 
 
123
 
 
 
2,336
 
 
 
(94.7%
Interest expense
 
 
(1,895
)
 
 
(3,216
)
 
 
(41.1%
Other financial items
   
(304
)
   
(184
)
   
65.2%
 
Net other expenses
 
 
(2,076
)
 
 
(1,064
)
 
 
95.1%
 

Interest income decreased in the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the year ended December 31, 2008 primarily due to a decrease in interest rates and a decrease in cash due to the funding of our newbuilding program.

Interest expense decreased in the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the year ended December 31, 2008 primarily due a decrease in interest rates.

The increase in other financial items in the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to the year ended December 31, 2008 is primarily due to fees paid on the repayment of predelivery loans for the Battersea and Belgravia and an increase in the amortization of deferred charges resulting from charges capitalized in the third quarter of 2009 relating to a new $60 million loan.

 
24

 


Results of Operations

Year ended December 31, 2008 compared with year ended December 31, 2007

Operating revenues

(in thousands of $)
 
2008
 
 
2007
 
 
 
Change
 
Time charter revenues
 
 
74,837
 
 
 
53,814
 
 
 
39.1
Voyage charter revenues
 
 
8,077
 
 
 
34,346
 
 
 
(76.5
)% 
Total operating revenues
 
 
82,914
 
 
 
88,160
 
 
 
(6.0
)% 

The increase in time charter revenues is due to the full year impact of three vessels, which entered into new time charter agreements during 2007. The rate for Hampstead and Kensington increased by $7,750 per day from June 2007. In addition, the profit share for the two vessels was much higher compared to 2007, due to increases in the spot market related index which is used to calculate profit share allocations. The rate for the Camden increased by $14,000 per day from April 2007.

Due to the sale of the only vessel trading in the spot market, there has been a sharp fall in voyage charter revenues. Although the vessel was sold in December 2007, the revenue has been recognized ratably over the length of the last voyage. The voyage ended in February 2008 and the vessel was promptly delivered to its new owners.

Operating expenses

(in thousands of $)
 
2008
 
 
2007
 
 
Change
 
Voyage expenses and commission
 
 
4,012
 
 
 
12,872
 
 
 
(68.8
)% 
Ship operating expenses
 
 
14,535
 
 
 
15,544
 
 
 
(6.5
)% 
Administrative expenses
 
 
1,538
 
 
 
1,481
 
 
 
3.9
Depreciation
 
 
13,711
 
 
 
17,016
 
 
 
(19.4
)% 
Total operating expenses
 
 
33,796
 
 
 
46,913
 
 
 
(28.0
)% 

50.0% (2007: 91.9%) of voyage expenses and commissions relates to the vessels that operated in the spot market.  The decrease in voyage expenses and commissions in 2008 is due primarily to the sale of one vessel and the delivery to its new owner in February 2008.

Ship operating expenses fell by 6.5% during 2008, primarily due the sale of one vessel and the delivery to its new owner in February 2008 offset by an increase in crew costs. There were no dry docking costs during 2008 (2007: nil).

The decrease in depreciation is due to having one less vessel in the fleet.

Gain on sale of assets

(in thousands of $)
 
2008
 
 
2007
 
 
Change
 
Gain on sale of assets
 
 
-
 
 
 
49,119
 
 
 
-
 

No assets were sold during the year. The gain on sale of assets in 2007 relates to the sale of the VLCC Chelsea in December 2007.

Interest income and expenses

(in thousands of $)
 
2008
 
 
2007
 
 
Change
 
Interest income
 
 
2,336
 
 
 
1,026
 
 
 
127.7
Interest expense
 
 
(3,216
)
 
 
(6,373
)
 
 
(49.5
)% 
Net interest expense
 
 
(880
)
 
 
(5,347
)
 
 
(83.5
)% 

The increase in interest income during 2008 is primarily due to larger amounts invested for longer periods resulting from the sale of the VLCC Chelsea in December 2007 for net proceeds of $99.0 million.

Interest expense consists of interest paid in relation to the $140.0 million loan facility. The decrease in interest expense in 2008 is due to the lower average debt outstanding, which is largely a result of a $20.2 million repayment in December 2007 following the sale of a vessel, and lower interest rates during the year. The average three month LIBOR rate during the year was 3.52% (2007: 5.32%). The interest expense of $1.4 million on the newbuilding financing has been capitalized (2007: $1.0 million).

 
25

 


Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In May 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") established principles and requirements for disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. This guidance was updated in February 2010 and is effective for interim and annual periods ending after June 15, 2009. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued ASC 105-10. ASC 105-10 stipulates that the FASB Accounting Standards Codification is the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. ASC 105-10 is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. The implementation of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company operates in a capital intensive industry and has historically financed its purchase of vessels through a combination of equity capital and borrowings from commercial banks. Our ability to generate adequate cash flows on a short and medium term basis depends substantially on the trading performance of our vessels in the market.  Periodic adjustments to the supply of and demand for oil tankers cause the industry to be cyclical in nature.

The Company's funding and treasury activities are conducted within corporate policies to maximize investment returns while maintaining appropriate liquidity for the Company's requirements. Cash and cash equivalents are held primarily in United States dollars.

Short-term liquidity requirements of the Company relate to servicing our debt, payment of operating costs, funding working capital requirements and maintaining cash reserves against fluctuations in operating cash flows. Sources of short-term liquidity include cash balances, restricted cash balances, short-term investments and receipts from our customers. Revenues from time charters are generally received monthly or bi-weekly in advance while revenues from voyage charters are received upon completion of the voyage.

We estimated the cash breakeven average daily TCE rate in February 2010 for our VLCCs and Capesize vessels to be $19,300 and $16,900, respectively. This represents the daily rate our vessels must earn to cover payment of budgeted operating costs (including corporate overheads), estimated interest and scheduled loan principal repayments.  These rates do not take into account loan balloon repayments at maturity, which we expect to refinance with new loans. We believe our working capital is sufficient for the Company's present requirements; however, we may not be able to refinance our current borrowings or enter into future borrowings at an interest rate or on terms that are acceptable to us or at all.  See "Risk Factors - We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance indebtedness incurred under our current credit facilities."

Medium and long-term liquidity requirements of the Company include funding the replacement of vessels through the acquisition of second hand vessels or newbuilding vessels and the repayment of long-term debt balances. The Company's sources of capital have been the proceeds of its initial public offering, bank loans, proceeds from the sale of vessels and charterhire income. The Company expects that charterhire paid from time charters or voyage charter income in the spot market will be sufficient sources of income for the Company to continue to pay ordinary recurring expenses including installments due on outstanding borrowings. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to pay or refinance its borrowings when the debt becomes due, or that it will not incur extraordinary expenses.

As of December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $8.0 million, $78.0 million and $82.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, the Company had restricted cash of $10.0 million.  The restricted cash balance is a result of a minimum liquidity balance which we are required to maintain at all times in conjunction with the $140.0 million loan facility with the Royal Bank of Scotland. The cash position at the end of 2009 is significantly lower than 2008 due to payments relating to the newbuilding program.

During the year ended December 31, 2009, we paid total cash dividends of $4.3 million.

Borrowing activities

In March 2004, we refinanced our prior debt facility with a $140.0 million credit facility, or the $140 million loan. The original repayment schedule was twenty-eight quarterly installments of $2.8 million and a final settlement of $61.6 million. Following a $20.1 million repayment in December 2007, we are obligated to repay the $140 million loan in 14 quarterly installments of $2.2 million and a final installment of $49.3 million.  The $140 million loan requires payment of interest on the outstanding principal balance, quarterly in arrears at the annual rate of LIBOR plus a margin.  We have not entered into any interest rate swap agreements in respect to the variable rate on the $140 million loan. The original credit facility did not have principal installments and was due for repayment in its entirety in August 2004. At the time of entering into the credit facility, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement that provided for a fixed rate payment of 6.74% on notional principal of $125.4 million, which matured in August 2004.

 
26

 


During 2007, we obtained an extension of the $140 million loan with two tranches of $16.8 million each, subject to the same covenants as the $140 million loan, in order to fund the first installments on the two Capesize newbuildings. These tranches were repaid upon delivery of the Capesize vessels, which took place in August and October 2009.

In August 2009, we entered into a four-year term loan facility consisting of two tranches of $30.0 million each, or the $60M Loan. In August 2009, we drew down $30.0 million to fund the final installment due on delivery of the first Capesize newbuilding and the repayment of the first tranche of the predelivery loan. In October 2009, we drew down the second tranche of $30.0 million to fund the final installment due on delivery of the second Capesize newbuilding and the repayment of the second tranche of the predelivery loan. The loans are secured by, among other things, a mortgage on the Capesize vessels and an assignment of any charters in respect of those vessels.

The $60M Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and contains a minimum market value covenant on the Capesize vessels and covenants requiring us to maintain a certain minimum level of cash and positive working capital.

Although the Company's activities are conducted worldwide, the international shipping industry's functional currency is the United States Dollar and virtually all of the Company's operating revenues and most of its anticipated cash expenses are expected to be denominated in United States Dollars. Accordingly, the Company's operating revenues are not expected to be adversely affected by movements in currency exchange rates or the imposition of currency controls in the jurisdictions in which the vessels operate.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

None.

Tabular disclosure of contractual obligations

At December 31 2009, the Company had the following contractual obligations:

 
 
Payment due by period
 
 
 
Total
 
 
Less than one year
 
 
1-3 years
 
 
3-5 years
 
 
More than 5 years
 
(In thousands of $)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt (1)
 
 
120,480
     
13,960
     
106,520
     
-
     
-
 
Total contractual cash obligations
 
 
120,480
     
13,960
     
106,520
     
-
     
-
 

(1) All of the Company's loan facilities are at floating interest rates based on LIBOR plus a margin and the Company has not entered into any interest rate swaps. The amounts included above do not include interest payments.

Safe harbor
 
Forward-looking information discussed in this Item 5 includes assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events. These statements are intended as "forward-looking statements." We caution that assumptions, expectations, projections, intentions and beliefs about future events may and often do vary from actual results and the differences can be material. Please see "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" in this report.
 

ITEM 6.  DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

A.  DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

Set forth below are the names and positions of the directors and executive officers of the Company.

The Company
 
 
Name
 
Age
 
Position
Ola Lorentzon
 
60
 
Director and Chairman
Douglas C. Wolcott
 
78
 
Director and Audit Committee member
David M. White
 
69
 
Director and Audit Committee Chairman
Hans Petter Aas
 
64
 
Director
Inger M. Klemp
 
47
 
Chief Financial Officer
Georgina Sousa
 
60
 
Company Secretary


 
27

 


Pursuant to the Management Agreement with the Company, the Manager provides management and advisory services to the Company.  Set forth below are the names and positions of the directors, executive officers and officers of the Manager.

Name
 
Age
 
Position
Inger M. Klemp
 
47
 
Director and President
Kate Blankenship
 
45
 
Director
Graham Baker
 
50
 
Director

Directors of both the Company and the Manager are elected annually, and each director elected holds office until a successor is elected.  Officers of both the Company and the Manager are elected from time to time by vote of the respective board of directors and hold office until a successor is elected.  Certain biographical information with respect to each director and executive officer of the Company and the Manager is set forth below.

Ola Lorentzon has been a director of the Company since September 18, 1996 and Chairman since May 26, 2000.  Mr. Lorentzon is also a director of Erik Thun AB, Crew Chart Ship Management AB, Sea Bird Exploration Ltd and is the Chairman Stockholm Chartering AB.  Mr. Lorentzon was the Managing Director of Frontline Management AS, a subsidiary of Frontline, from April 2000 until September 2003.

Douglas C. Wolcott has been a director of the Company since September 18, 1996.  Mr. Wolcott has also served as President of Chevron Shipping Corporation until 1994.  Mr. Wolcott previously served as Deputy Chairman and director of the United Kingdom Protection and Indemnity Club and as a director of London & Overseas Freighters Limited.  He is currently a director of the American Bureau of Shipping.

David M. White has been a director of the Company since September 18, 1996.  Mr. White was Chairman of Dan White Investment Limited which is now closed.  Mr. White has also served as a director of NatWest Equity Primary Markets Limited from January 1992 to March 1996, and was previously a director of both NatWest Markets Corporate Finance Limited and NatWest Markets Securities Limited until December 1991.

Hans Petter Aas has been a Director of the Company since September 2008. Mr. Aas has been a Director of Ship Finance International Limited since August 2008 and Chairman since January 2009. Mr. Aas has a long career as banker in the international shipping and offshore market, and retired from his position as Global Head of the Shipping, Offshore and Logistics Division of DnB NOR Bank ASA ("DnB NOR") in August 2008. He joined DnB NOR (then Bergen Bank) in 1989, and has previously worked for the Petroleum Division of the Norwegian Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Energy, as well as for VestaInsurance and Nevi Finance.

Inger M. Klemp has served as Chief Financial Officer of the Company since September 2007. Mrs. Klemp has served as Chief Financial Officer of Frontline Management AS and has been a director of the Manager since June 1, 2006. Mrs. Klemp has served as a director of Independent Tankers Corporation Limited since February 2008. Mrs. Klemp served as Vice President Finance of Frontline Management AS from August 2001 until she was promoted in May 2006. Mrs. Klemp graduated as MSc in Business and Economics from the Norwegian School of Management (BI) in 1986. Mrs. Klemp served as Assistant Director Finance in Color Group ASA from 1998 to 2001 and as Group Financial Manager in Color Line ASA from 1992 to 1998, a Norwegian based cruise operator which was stock exchange listed until October 1999. From 1989 to 1992 Mrs. Klemp served as Assistant Vice President in Nordea Bank Norge ASA handling structuring and syndication of loan facilities in the international banking market. From 1986 to 1989, Mrs. Klemp served as a lending officer of Fokus Bank ASA.

Kate Blankenship was Chief Financial Officer of the Company from April 2000 to September 2007 and served as Secretary of the Company from December 2000 to March 2007. Mrs. Blankenship has been a director of the Manager since March 2000. Mrs. Blankenship served as the Chief Accounting Officer and Secretary of Frontline between 1994 and October 2005. Mrs. Blankenship also serves as a director of Golar LNG Limited, Ship Finance International Limited, Seadrill Limited, Golden Ocean Group Limited and Independent Tankers Corporation Limited. She is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales.

Graham Baker has been a director of the Manager since December 6, 2006. Mr. Baker is Chief Accounting Officer of Frontline having joined the company in July 2006. Mr. Baker has worked in various senior financial roles and most recently was the Head of Group Reporting at NTL Inc., a large NASDAQ listed company and before that the European Chief Financial Officer of DVI Inc., a NYSE listed group. He is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and the Association of Corporate Treasurers.

Georgina E. Sousa has served as Secretary of the Company since March 15, 2007 and has been employed by Frontline since February 2007.  Prior to joining Frontline, Mrs. Sousa was Vice-President-Corporate Services of Consolidated Services Limited, a Bermuda management company having joined that firm in 1993 as Manager of Corporate Administration.  From 1976 to 1982 she was employed by the Bermuda law firm of Appleby, Spurling & Kempe as a Company Secretary and from 1982 to 1993 she was employed by the Bermuda law firm of Cox & Wilkinson as Senior Company Secretary.

 
28

 



B.  COMPENSATION

The Company incurred directors' fees of $340,000 in 2009. No separate compensation was paid to the Company's officers.

C.  BOARD PRACTICES

As provided in the Company's bye-laws, each director shall hold office until the next Annual General Meeting following his election or until his successor is elected.  The officers of the Company are elected by the Board as soon as possible following each Annual General Meeting and shall hold office for such period and on such terms as the Board may determine.

The Company has established an audit committee comprised of Messrs. White and Wolcott, independent directors of the Company. The audit committee is responsible for assisting the Board with its oversight responsibilities regarding the integrity of our financial statements, our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, our independent registered public accounting firm's qualifications and independence, and the performance of our internal audit functions.

There are no service contracts between us and any of our directors providing for benefits upon termination of their employment.

Board practices and exemptions from the NASDAQ corporate governance rules

We have certified to NASDAQ that our corporate governance practices are in compliance with, and are not prohibited by, the laws of Bermuda. Therefore, we are exempt from many of NASDAQ's corporate governance practices other than the requirements regarding the disclosure of a going concern audit opinion, submission of a listing agreement, notification of material non-compliance with NASDAQ corporate governance practices and the establishment and composition of an audit committee and a formal written audit committee charter. The practices that we follow in lieu of NASDAQ's corporate governance rules are as follows:

 
Our Board is currently comprised by a majority of independent directors.  Under Bermuda law, we are not required to have a majority of independent directors and cannot assure you that we will continue to do so.
 
 
In lieu of holding regular meetings at which only independent directors are present, our entire Board may hold regular meetings as is consistent with Bermuda law.
 
 
In lieu of an audit committee comprised of three independent directors, our audit committee has two members, which is consistent with Bermuda law.  Both members of the audit committee currently meet NASDAQ's requirement of independence.
 
 
In lieu of a nomination committee comprised of independent directors, our Board is responsible for identifying and recommending potential candidates to become board members and recommending directors for appointment to board committees. There is nothing to prohibit shareholders identifying and recommending potential candidates to become board members, but pursuant to the bye-laws, directors are elected by the shareholders in duly convened annual or special general meetings.
 
 
In lieu of a compensation committee comprised of independent directors, our Board is responsible for establishing the executive officers' compensation and benefits. Under Bermuda law, compensation of the executive officers is not required to be determined by an independent committee.
 
 
In lieu of obtaining an independent review of related party transactions for conflicts of interests, consistent with Bermuda law requirements, our bye-laws do not prohibit any director from being a party to, or otherwise interested in, any transaction or arrangement with the Company or in which the Company is otherwise interested, provided that the director makes proper disclosure of same as required by the bye-laws and Bermuda law.
 
 
Prior to the issuance of securities, we are required to obtain the consent of the Bermuda Monetary Authority as required by law. We have obtained blanket consent from the Bermuda Monetary Authority for the issue and transfer of the Company's securities provided that such securities remain listed.
 
 
Pursuant to NASDAQ corporate governance rules and as a foreign private issuer, we are not required to solicit proxies or provide proxy statements to NASDAQ. Bermuda law does not require that we solicit proxies or provide proxy statements to NASDAQ. Consistent with Bermuda law and as provided in our bye-laws, we are also required to notify our shareholders of meetings no less than five days before the meeting.  Our bye-laws also provide that shareholders may designate a proxy to act on their behalf.
 
Other than as noted above, we are in full compliance with all other applicable NASDAQ corporate governance standards.

 
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D.  EMPLOYEES

We have not had any employees since inception as the Manager is responsible for the management and administration of the Company.

E.  SHARE OWNERSHIP

As of March 17, 2010, none of the directors or officers of the Company owned any common shares of the Company.

ITEM 7.  MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

A.  MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

The following table presents certain information as of March 17, 2010 regarding the ownership of our shares of common stock with respect to each shareholder, who we know to beneficially own more than five percent of our outstanding shares of common stock.

Beneficial Owner
Amount of Common Shares
Percentage Ownership
Oceanic Investment Management Ltd. (1)
953,303
5.57%

(1) Information derived from the Schedule 13G of Oceanic Investment Management Ltd. which was filed with the Commission on June 18, 2009.

The Company is not directly or indirectly controlled by another corporation, by a foreign government or by any other natural or legal person. We are not aware of any arrangements, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in control of the Company.

B.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

None.

C.  INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

Not applicable.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

A.  CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

See Item 18.

Legal Proceedings

To the best of our knowledge, there are no legal or arbitration proceedings existing or pending which have had or may have significant effects on our financial position or profitability and no such proceedings are pending or known to be contemplated.

Dividend Policy

The Company's policy is to make distributions to shareholders based on the Company's earnings and cash flow. As of the first quarter of 2010, the Board has resumed the declaration of a dividend. The amount and timing of dividends will depend on the Company's earnings, financial condition, cash position, Bermuda law affecting the payment of distributions and other factors. There will be no guaranteed minimum hire and the Company may not be able to make distributions in quarters where the earnings are low and where cash flow is insufficient. The Company's financing may also restrict distributions in certain circumstances. The declaration and payment of dividends will be subject at all times to the discretion of our Board.

 
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In 2009, 2008 and 2007, the Company paid the following distributions to shareholders.

Record Date
Payment Date
  Amount per share
2009
 
 
 
February 18, 2009
March 4, 2009
  $ 0.25
         
2008
 
     
February 26, 2008
March 7, 2008
  $ 0.75
May 27, 2008
June 9, 2008
  $ 0.75
August 22, 2008
September 9, 2008
  $ 0.75
December 9, 2008
December 22, 2008
  $ 0.50
         
2007
 
     
February 26, 2007
March  9, 2007
  $ 0.80
May 26, 2007
June 11, 2007
  $ 0.60
August 23, 2007
September 7, 2007
  $ 0.60
November 23, 2007
December 7, 2007
  $ 0.50

On February 9, 2010, the Board declared a cash dividend of $0.30 per share for the fourth quarter of 2009 that was paid on March 4, 2010.

B.  SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

Not applicable.

ITEM 9.  THE OFFER AND LISTING

The following table sets forth, for the five most recent fiscal years during which the Company's Common Shares were traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, the annual high and low prices for the Common Shares as reported by the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

Fiscal year ended December 31,
 
High
 
 
Low
 
2009
 
$
17.16
   
$
11.00
 
2008
 
$
35.00
   
$
10.01
 
2007
 
$
34.00
 
 
$
23.01
 
2006
 
$
30.78
 
 
$
20.42
 
2005
 
$
47.50
 
 
$
23.76
 

The following table sets forth, for the two most recent fiscal years, the high and low prices for the Common Shares as reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market.

Fiscal year ended December 31, 2009
 
High
 
 
Low
 
First quarter
 
$
17.16
 
 
$
11.00
 
Second quarter
 
$
16.95
 
 
$
12.34
 
Third quarter
 
$
16.20
 
 
$
12.70
 
Fourth quarter
 
$
13.72
 
 
$
12.06
 
 
Fiscal year ended December 31, 2008
 
High
 
 
Low
 
First quarter
 
$
28.79
 
 
$
20.25
 
Second quarter
 
$
35.00
 
 
$
26.00
 
Third quarter
 
$
33.83
 
 
$
23.30
 
Fourth quarter
 
$
26.47
 
 
$
10.01
 

The following table sets forth, for the most recent six months, the high and low prices for the Common Shares as reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market.

Month
 
High
 
 
Low
 
February 2010
 
$
15.84
   
$
13.49
 
January 2010
 
$
15.84
   
$
13.36
 
December 2009
 
$
13.72
 
 
$
12.90
 
November 2009
 
$
13.49
 
 
$
12.06
 
October 2009
 
$
13.50
 
 
$
12.55
 
September 2009
 
$
13.67
 
 
$
12.78
 


 
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The Company's shares of common stock have been quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol "VLCCF" since its initial public offering in February 1997.
 
ITEM 10.  ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

A.  SHARE CAPITAL

Not applicable.

B.  MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

Incorporated by reference to "Description of Capital Stock" in the prospectus contained in the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1, filed December 13, 1996 (File No. 333-6170).

At the 2005 Annual General Meeting of the Company the shareholders voted to amend the Company's bye-laws 83 and 85 by removing the restrictions that limited the Company's business activities.  The changes to the bye-laws removed restrictions on the Company's activities such as rechartering the VLCCs, refinancing or replacing the credit facility, acting in connection with the management agreement, offering Common Shares and listing them, enforcing its rights in connection with the Charters, the Credit Facility, the UK Finance Leases, the management agreement and other agreements into which the Company and its subsidiaries entered at the time of its initial public offering, and leasing, selling or otherwise disposing of a VLCC (or VLCC owning subsidiaries) on termination of the Charters or subsequent charters. The amended bye-laws of the Company as adopted on June 27, 2005, have been filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, filed with Securities and Exchange Commission on June 15, 2006, and are hereby incorporated by reference into this Annual Report.

On September 25, 2009, at the 2009 Annual General Meeting of the Company the shareholders approved an increase of the Company's authorized common shares, par value $0.01, from 20,000,000 to 35,000,000. The Company currently has issued and outstanding 17,100,000 common shares.

C.  MATERIAL CONTRACTS

In May 2007, the Company announced that it had agreed to purchase two newbuilding contracts, each for a Capesize dry bulk carrier of approximately 170,000 dwt. The vessels were built at Daehan Shipbuilding Co. Ltd. in the Republic of Korea. The first Capesize newbuilding from Daehan, the MV Battersea, was delivered on August 26, 2009 and the second, the MV Belgravia, was delivered on October 29, 2009.  Both carriers have commenced five year time charters. The newbuilding contracts have been acquired from Golden Ocean Group Limited, a company which has ordered a series of sister ships at the same yard. The contract price for the two vessels is $81 million per vessel and the Company has paid a 1% commission to GOGL. GOGL is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange and is an affiliate of Frontline, the parent company of the Manager. The supervision of the vessels' construction was carried out by Frontline Management (Bermuda) Ltd. a subsidiary of Frontline, and the commercial operation was contracted to Golden Ocean Management AS, a subsidiary of GOGL that operates the GOGL fleet.

D.  EXCHANGE CONTROLS

The Company is classified by the Bermuda Monetary Authority as a non-resident of Bermuda for exchange control purposes.
 
The transfer of ordinary shares between persons regarded as residing outside Bermuda for exchange control purposes may be effected without specific consent under the Exchange Control Act of 1972 and regulations thereunder and the issuance of ordinary shares to persons regarded as residing outside Bermuda for exchange control purposes may be effected without specific consent under the Exchange Control Act of 1972 and regulations thereunder. Issues and transfers of ordinary shares involving any person regarded as residing in Bermuda for exchange control purposes requires specific prior approval under the Exchange Control Act of 1972.
 
The owners of ordinary shares who ordinarily reside outside Bermuda are not subject to any restrictions on their rights to hold or vote their shares. Because the Company has been designated as a non-resident for Bermuda exchange control purposes, there are no restrictions on its ability to transfer funds in and out of Bermuda or to pay dividends to U.S. residents who are holders of ordinary shares, other than in respect of local Bermuda currency.
 

 
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E.  TAXATION

United States Taxation

The following discussion is based upon the provisions of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended or the "Code", existing and proposed United States Treasury Department regulations, administrative rulings, pronouncements and judicial decisions, all as of the date of this Annual Report.  Unless otherwise noted, references to the "Company" include the Company's Subsidiaries.  This discussion assumes that the Company does not have an office or other fixed place of business in the United States.

Taxation of the Company's Shipping Income: In General

The Company anticipates that it will derive substantially all of its gross income from the use and operation of vessels in international commerce and that this income will principally consist of freights from the transportation of cargoes, charterhire or lease from time or voyage charters and the performance of services directly related thereto, which the Company refers to as "shipping income."

Shipping income that is attributable to transportation that begins or ends, but that does not both begin and end, in the United States will be considered to be 50% derived from sources within the United States. Shipping income attributable to transportation that both begins and ends in the United States will be considered to be 100% derived from sources within the United States. The Company is not permitted by law to engage in transportation that gives rise to 100% United States source income.

Shipping income attributable to transportation exclusively between non-United States ports will be considered to be 100% derived from sources outside the United States. Shipping income derived from sources outside the United States will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.

Based upon the Company's anticipated shipping operations, the Company's vessels will operate in various parts of the world, including to or from United States ports. Unless exempt from United States federal income taxation under Section 883 of the Code, or Section 883, the Company will be subject to United States federal income taxation, in the manner discussed below, to the extent its shipping income is considered derived from sources within the United States.

Application of Section 883

Under the relevant provisions of Section 883, the Company will be exempt from United States federal income taxation on its United States source shipping income if:

 
(i)
It is organized in a "qualified foreign country", which is one that grants an equivalent exemption from taxation to corporations organized in the United States in respect of the shipping income for which exemption is being claimed under Section 883, and which the Company refers to as the "country of organization requirement"; and

 
(ii)
It can satisfy any one of the following two stock ownership requirements for more than half the days during the taxable year:

 
the Company's stock is "primarily and regularly" traded on an established securities market located in the United States or a qualified foreign country, which the Company refers to as the "Publicly-Traded Test"; or
 
 
more than 50% of the Company's stock, in terms of value, is beneficially owned by any combination of one or more individuals who are residents of a qualified foreign country or foreign corporations that satisfy the country of organization requirement and the Publicly-Traded Test, which the Company refers to as the "50% Ownership Test."
 
The United States Treasury Department has recognized Bermuda, the country of incorporation of the Company, as a qualified foreign country. In addition, the U.S. Treasury Department has recognized Liberia, the country of incorporation of certain of the Company's vessel-owning subsidiaries, as a qualified foreign country.  Accordingly, the Company and its vessel owning subsidiaries satisfy the country of organization requirement.

Therefore, the Company's eligibility for exemption under Section 883 is wholly dependent upon being able to satisfy one of the stock ownership requirements.

For the 2009 taxable year, the Company satisfied the Publicly-Traded Test since, on more than half the days of the taxable year, the Company's Ordinary Shares were primarily and regularly traded on the NASDAQ.

 
33

 


Taxation in Absence of Section 883 Exemption

To the extent the benefits of Section 883 are unavailable with respect to any item of United States source income, the Company's United States source shipping income, would be subject to a 4% tax imposed by Section 887 of the Code on a gross basis, without the benefit of deductions, which the Company refers to as the "4% gross basis tax regime". Since under the sourcing rules described above, no more than 50% of the Company's shipping income would be treated as being derived from United States sources, the maximum effective rate of United States federal income tax on the Company's shipping income would never exceed 2% under the 4% gross basis tax regime.

Gain on Sale of Vessels

Regardless of whether the Company qualifies for exemption under Section 883, the Company will not be subject to United States federal income taxation with respect to gain realized on a sale of a vessel, provided the sale is considered to occur outside of the United States under United States federal income tax principles.  In general, a sale of a vessel will be considered to occur outside of the United States for this purpose if title to the vessel, and risk of loss with respect to the vessel, pass to the buyer outside of the United States.  It is expected that any sale of a vessel by the Company will be considered to occur outside of the United States.

Taxation of United States Holders

The following is a discussion of the material United States federal income tax considerations relevant to an investment decision by a United States Holder, as defined below, with respect to the Ordinary Shares.  This discussion does not purport to deal with the tax consequences of owning Ordinary Shares to all categories of investors, some of which, such as dealers in securities, tax-exempt organizations, investors whose functional currency is not the United States dollar and investors that own, actually or under applicable constructive ownership rules, 10% or more of the Company's common shares may be subject to special rules.  You are encouraged to consult your own tax advisors concerning the overall tax consequences arising in your own particular situation under United States federal, state, local or foreign law of the ownership of Ordinary Shares.

As used herein, the term "United States Holder" means a beneficial owner of Ordinary Shares that (i) is a United States citizen or resident, a United States corporation or other United States entity taxable as a corporation, an estate, the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source, or a trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary jurisdiction over the administration of the trust and one or more United States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust and (ii) owns the Ordinary Shares as a capital asset, generally, for investment purposes.

If a partnership holds Ordinary Shares, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and upon the activities of the partnership.  If you are a partner in a partnership holding Ordinary Shares, you are encouraged to consult your own tax advisor regarding the United States federal income tax consequences of owning an interest in a partnership that holds Ordinary Shares.

Distributions

Subject to the discussion of passive foreign investment companies below, any distributions made by the Company with respect to Ordinary Shares to a United States Holder will generally constitute dividends, which may be taxable as ordinary income or "qualified dividend income" as described in more detail below, to the extent of the Company's current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under United States federal income tax principles.  Distributions in excess of the Company's earnings and profits will be treated first as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the United States Holder's tax basis in his Ordinary Shares on a dollar-for-dollar basis and thereafter as capital gain.  Because the Company is not a United States corporation, United States Holders that are corporations will not be entitled to claim a dividends-received deduction with respect to any distributions they receive from the Company.

Dividends paid on Ordinary Shares to a United States Holder which is an individual, trust or estate (a "United States Non-Corporate Holder") will generally be treated as "qualified dividend income" that is taxable to such shareholders at preferential United States federal income tax rates (currently through 2010) provided that (1) Ordinary Shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States (such as the NASDAQ Global Select Market on which the Ordinary Shares are listed); (2) the Company is not a passive foreign investment company for the taxable year during which the dividend is paid or the immediately preceding taxable year (which the Company does not believe it is, has been since the beginning of its 2004 taxable year, or will be); and (3) the United States Non-Corporate Holder has owned the Ordinary Shares for more than 60 days in the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the date on which the Ordinary Shares become ex-dividend.

Legislation has been previously introduced in the United States Congress which, if enacted in its present form, would preclude the dividends paid by the Company from qualifying for such preferential rates prospectively from the date of the enactment. Any dividends paid by the Company which are not eligible for these preferential rates will be taxed as ordinary income to a United States Holder.

 
34

 

Sale, Exchange or other Disposition of Common Stock

Assuming the Company does not constitute a passive foreign investment company for any taxable year, a United States Holder generally will recognize taxable gain or loss upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of the Company's Ordinary Shares in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized by the United States Holder from such sale, exchange or other disposition and the United States Holder's tax basis in the Ordinary Shares.  Such gain or loss will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the United States Holder's holding period in the Ordinary Shares is greater than one year at the time of the sale, exchange or other disposition.  A United States Holder's ability to deduct capital losses is subject to certain limitations.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Status and Significant Tax Consequences

Special United States federal income tax rules apply to a United States Holder that holds stock in a foreign corporation classified as a passive foreign investment company, or a PFIC, for United States federal income tax purposes.  In general, the Company will be treated as a PFIC with respect to a United States Holder if, for any taxable year in which such holder held the Company's Ordinary Shares, either;

 
at least 75% of the Company's gross income for such taxable year consists of passive income (e.g., dividends, interest, capital gains and rents derived other than in the active conduct of a rental business), or
 
 
at least 50% of the average value of the assets held by the Company during such taxable year produce, or are held for the production of, passive income.
 
For purposes of determining whether the Company is a PFIC, the Company will be treated as earning and owning its proportionate share of the income and assets, respectively, of any of its subsidiary corporations in which it owns at least 25% of the value of the subsidiary's stock.  Income earned, or deemed earned, by the Company in connection with the performance of services would not constitute passive income.  By contrast, rental income would generally constitute "passive income" unless the Company is treated under specific rules as deriving its rental income in the active conduct of a trade or business.

The Company was a PFIC for United States federal income tax purposes through its 2003 taxable year. The Company has not been a PFIC beginning with its 2004 taxable year.  United States Holders who held the Company's Ordinary Shares prior to the 2004 taxable year are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the proper tax treatment of any dispositions of Ordinary Shares and any distributions by the Company.
 
Based on the Company's current operations and future projections, the Company does not believe that it is or that it was since the beginning of its 2004 taxable year, nor does it expect to become, a PFIC with respect to any taxable year.  Although there is no legal authority directly on point, the Company's belief is based principally on the position that, for purposes of determining whether the Company is a PFIC, the gross income the Company derives or is deemed to derive from the time chartering and voyage chartering activities should constitute services income, rather than rental income.  Correspondingly, the Company believes that such income does not constitute passive income, and the assets that the Company or its wholly-owned subsidiaries own and operate in connection with the production of such income, in particular, the vessels, do not constitute assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income for purposes of determining whether the Company is a PFIC.

Although there is no direct legal authority under the PFIC rules, the Company believes there is substantial legal authority supporting its position consisting of case law and United States Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, pronouncements concerning the characterization of income derived from time charters and voyage charters as services income for other tax purposes.  However, there is also authority which characterizes time charter income as rental income rather than services income for other tax purposes. Accordingly, in the absence of any legal authority specifically relating to the Code provisions governing PFICs, the IRS or a court could disagree with our position.  In addition, although the Company intends to conduct its affairs in such a manner as to avoid being classified as a PFIC with respect to any taxable year, there can be no assurance that the nature of its operations will not change in the future.

As discussed more fully below, if the Company were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a United States Holder would be subject to different taxation rules depending on whether the United States Holder makes an election to treat the Company as a "Qualified Electing Fund," which the Company refers to as a "QEF election." As an alternative to making a QEF election, a United States  Holder should be able to elect to mark-to-market the Company's Ordinary Shares, which the Company refers to as a "Mark-to-Market Election" as discussed below.

Taxation of United States Holders Making a Timely QEF Election

If a United States  Holder makes a timely QEF election, which United States  Holder is referred to by the Company as an "Electing United States Holder," the Electing United States Holder must report each year for United States  federal income tax purposes its pro rata share of the Company's ordinary earnings and its net capital gain, if any, for the Company's taxable year that ends with or within the taxable year of the Electing United States Holder, regardless of whether or not distributions were received from the Company by the Electing United States Holder. The Electing United States Holder's adjusted tax basis in the Ordinary Shares will be increased to reflect taxed but undistributed earnings and profits.  Distributions of earnings and profits that had been previously taxed will result in a corresponding reduction in the adjusted tax basis in the Ordinary Shares and will not be taxed again once distributed.  An Electing United States Holder would generally recognize capital gain or loss on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the Ordinary Shares. A United States Holder will be eligible to make a QEF Election with respect to its Ordinary Shares only if the Company provides the United States Holder with annual tax information relating to the Company. There can be no assurance that the Company will provide such tax information on an annual basis.
 

 
35

 

 

Taxation of United States Holders Making a "Mark-to-Market" Election

Alternatively, if the Company were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year and, as anticipated, the Ordinary Shares are treated as "marketable stock," a United States  Holder would be allowed to make a Mark-to-Market election with respect to the Company's Ordinary Shares.  If that election is made, the United States Holder generally would include as ordinary income in each taxable year the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the Ordinary Shares at the end of the taxable year over such holder's adjusted tax basis in the Ordinary Shares.  The United States Holder would also be permitted an ordinary loss in respect of the excess, if any, of the United States Holder's adjusted tax basis in the Ordinary Shares over its fair market value at the end of the taxable year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the Mark-to-Market election.  A United States Holder's tax basis in his Ordinary Shares would be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amount.  Gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the Ordinary shares would be treated as ordinary income, and any loss realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the Ordinary Shares would be treated as ordinary loss to the extent that such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included by the United States Holder.

Taxation of United States Holders Not Making a Timely QEF or Mark-to-Market Election

Finally, if the Company were to be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year, a United States  Holder who does not make either a QEF election or a Mark-to-Market election for that year, whom is referred to as a "Non-Electing United States Holder," would be subject to special rules with respect to (1) any excess distribution (i.e., the portion of any distributions received by the Non-Electing United States Holder on the Ordinary Shares in a taxable year in excess of 125% of the average annual distributions received by the Non-Electing United States Holder in the three preceding taxable years, or, if shorter, the Non-Electing United States Holder's holding period for the Ordinary Shares), and (2) any gain realized on the sale, exchange or other disposition of the Ordinary Shares.  Under these special rules:

 
the excess distribution or gain would be allocated ratably over the Non-Electing United States Holders' aggregate holding period for the Ordinary Shares;
 
 
the amount allocated to the current taxable year and any taxable years before the Company became a PFIC would be taxed as ordinary income; and
 
 
the amount allocated to each of the other taxable years would be subject to tax at the highest rate of tax in effect for the applicable class of tax payer for that year, and an interest charge for the deemed tax deferral benefit would be imposed with respect to the resulting tax attributable to each such other taxable year.
 
These penalties would not apply to a pension or profit sharing trust or other tax-exempt organization that did not borrow funds or otherwise utilize leverage in connection with its acquisition of the Ordinary Shares.  If a Non-Electing United States Holder who is an individual dies while owning the Ordinary Shares, the successor of such deceased Non-Electing United States Holder generally would not receive a step-up in tax basis with respect to such stock.

Backup Withholding and Information Reporting

In general, dividend payments, or other taxable distributions, made within the United States to a holder of Ordinary Shares will be subject to information reporting requirements.  Such payments will also be subject to "backup withholding" if paid to a non-corporate United States Holder who:

 
fails to provide an accurate tax payer identification number;
 
 
is notified by the IRS that he has failed to report all interest or dividends required to be shown on his United States federal income tax returns; or
 
 
in certain circumstances, fails to comply with applicable certification requirements.
 
If a holder sells his Ordinary Shares to or through a United States office or broker, the payment of the proceeds is subject to both United States information reporting and backup unless the holder establishes an exemption.  If a holders sells his Ordinary Shares through a non-United States office of a non-United States broker and the sales proceeds are paid to the holder outside the United States then information reporting and backup withholding generally will not apply to that payment.  However, United States  information reporting requirements, but not backup withholding, will apply to a payment of sales proceeds, including a payment made to a holder outside the United States, if the holder sells his Ordinary Shares through a non- United States  office of a broker that is a United States  person or has some other contacts with the United States.

 
36

 


Backup withholding is not an additional tax.  Rather, a tax payer generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld under backup withholding rules that exceed then tax payer's income tax liability by filing a refund claim with the IRS.

Bermuda Taxation

Bermuda currently imposes no tax  (including a tax in the nature of an income, estate  duty,  inheritance,  capital  transfer or  withholding  tax) on profits, income,  capital  gains or  appreciations  derived  by,  or  dividends  or other distributions paid to holders of Ordinary Shares. Bermuda has undertaken not to impose any such Bermuda taxes on holders of Ordinary Shares prior to 2016 except in so far as such tax applies to  persons  ordinarily resident in Bermuda. The Company is not eligible for the benefits of any tax treaty between the United States and Bermuda.

Liberian Taxation

The Republic of Liberia enacted a new income tax act effective as of January 1, 2001, or the New Act.  In contrast to the income tax law previously in effect since 1977, or the Prior Law, which the New Act repealed in its entirety, the New Act does not distinguish between the taxation of a non-resident Liberian corporation, such as the Company's Liberian subsidiaries, which conduct no business in Liberia and were wholly exempted from tax under the Prior Law, and the taxation of ordinary resident Liberian corporations.

In 2004, the Liberian Ministry of Finance issued regulations pursuant to which a non-resident domestic corporation engaged in international shipping, such as the Company's Liberian subsidiaries, will not be subject to tax under the New Act retroactive to January 1, 2001, or the New Regulations.  In addition, the Liberian Ministry of Justice issued an opinion that the New Regulations were a valid exercise of the regulatory authority of the Ministry of Finance.  Therefore, assuming that the New Regulations are valid, the Company's Liberian subsidiaries will be wholly exempt from Liberian income tax as under the Prior Law.

If the Company's Liberian subsidiaries were subject to Liberian income tax under the New Act, the Company's Liberian subsidiaries would be subject to tax at a rate of 35% on their worldwide income.  As a result, their, and subsequently the Company's, net income and cash flow would be materially reduced by the amount of the applicable tax.  In addition, the Company, as shareholder of the Liberian subsidiaries, would be subject to Liberian withholding tax on dividends paid by the Liberian subsidiaries at rates ranging from 15% to 20%.

F.  DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS

Not applicable.

G.  STATEMENT BY EXPERTS

Not applicable.

H.  DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY

We are subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In accordance with these requirements, we file reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These materials, including this annual report and the accompanying exhibits, may be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580 Washington, D.C. 20549.  You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference room by calling 1 (800) SEC-0330, and you may obtain copies at prescribed rates from the public reference facilities maintained by the Commission at its principal office in Washington, D.C. 20549.  The Commission maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov.) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the Commission. In addition, documents referred to in this annual report may be inspected at our principal executive offices at Par-la-Ville Place, 14 Par-la-Ville Road, Hamilton, Bermuda HM 08.
 
I.  SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION

Not applicable.

 
37

 


ITEM 11.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates primarily resulting from the floating rate of the Company's borrowings.  The Company does not currently utilize interest rate swaps to manage such interest rate risk.  The Company has not entered into any financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.

The Company's borrowings as of December 31, 2009 of $120.5 million (December 31, 2008: $103.0 million) bear interest at LIBOR plus a margin. A 1% change in interest rates would increase or decrease interest expense by $1.2 million per year as of December 31, 2009. The fair value of the loan facility at December 31, 2009 was equal to the carrying amount of the facility at the same date.

ITEM 12.  DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

Not applicable.


 
38

 


PART II

ITEM 13.  DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

None.

ITEM 14.  MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 15.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

a)   Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Management assessed the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of the end of the period covered by this annual report as of December 31, 2009. Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the evaluation date.
 
b)   Management's annual report on internal controls over financial reporting
 
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
 
Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company's principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company's Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:
 
 
Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company;
 
 
Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of Company's management and directors; and
 
 
Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree or compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
Management conducted the evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal controls over financial reporting using the control criteria framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) published in its report entitled Internal Control-Integrated Framework.
 
Our management with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer assessed the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as of December 31, 2009. Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company's internal controls over financial reporting are effective as of December 31, 2009.
 
The effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009 has been audited by MSPC Certified Public Accountants and Advisors, a Professional Corporation, ("MSPC"), an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.
 
c)   Changes in internal control over financial reporting
 
There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this annual report that have materially effected or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

 
39

 


ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

The Board has determined that the Company's audit committee has one audit committee financial expert. Mr. David White is an independent director and is the audit committee financial expert.

ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS

The Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to all entities controlled by the Company and all employees, directors, officers and agents of the Company, including representatives and agents of the Company's Manager. The code of ethics has previously been filed as Exhibit 11.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31 2003, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 2, 2004, and is hereby incorporated by reference into this annual report.

The Company has posted a copy of its code of ethics on its website at www.knightsbridgetankers.com. The Company will provide any person, free of charge, a copy of its code of ethics upon written request to the Company's registered office.

ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Our independent registered public accounting firm for 2009 and 2008 was MSPC. The following table sets forth for the two most recent fiscal years the fees paid or accrued for audit and services provided by MSPC.

(in $)
 
2009
 
 
2008
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Audit Fees (a)
 
 
241,950
 
 
 
220,000
 
Audit-Related Fees (b)
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
Tax Fees (c)
 
 
-
 
 
 
-
 
All Other Fees (d)
 
 
-
 
 
 
3,738
 
Total
 
 
241,950
 
 
 
223,738
 

(a)           Audit Fees
Audit fees represent professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements and services provided by the principal accountant in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.

(b)           Audit–Related Fees
Audit-related fees consisted of assurance and related services rendered by the principal accountant related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements which have not been reported under Audit Fees above.

(c)           Tax Fees
Tax fees represent fees for professional services rendered by the principal accountant for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning.

(d)           All Other Fees
All other fees include services other than audit fees, audit-related fees and tax fees set forth above.

Our Board has adopted pre-approval policies and procedures in compliance with paragraph (c) (7)(i) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X that require the Board to approve the appointment of the independent auditor of the Company before such auditor is engaged and approve each of the audit and non-audit related services to be provided by such auditor under such engagement by the Company. All services provided by the principal auditor in 2009 were approved by the Board pursuant to the pre-approval policy.

ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

Not applicable.

ITEM 16E.  PURCHASE OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

None.

ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT'S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

Not applicable.

 
40

 


ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Pursuant to the NASDAQ listing standards available to foreign private issuers, we are not required to comply with all of the corporate governance practices followed by U.S. companies under the NASDAQ listing standards.  The significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NASDAQ standards applicable to listed U.S. companies are set forth below.
 
Executive Sessions. NASDAQ requires that non-management directors meet regularly in executive sessions without management.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, our non-management directors do not regularly hold executive sessions without management and we do not expect them to do so in the future.
 
Audit Committee.  NASDAQ requires, among other things, that a listed U.S company have an audit committee with a minimum of three independent members.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, our audit committee consists of two members which currently meets the NASDAQ independence requirements.
 
Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee.  NASDAQ requires that a listed U.S. company have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed solely of independent directors.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, we do not currently have a nominating or corporate governance committee.  Our Board is responsible for identifying and recommending potential candidates to become board members and recommending directors for appointment to board committees.
 
Compensation Committee.  NASDAQ requires that a listed U.S. company have a compensation committee composed solely of independent directors.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, compensation of executive officers is not required to be determined by a committee composed of independent members.
 
Related Party Transactions.  NASDAQ requires that a listed U.S. company conduct appropriate review and oversight of all related party transactions for potential conflict of interest situations on an ongoing basis by the company's audit committee or another independent body of the board of directors.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, our directors are not prohibited from being a party to, or otherwise interested in, any transaction or arrangement with us or in which we are otherwise interested, provided that the director makes proper disclosure of same as required by our byelaws and Bermuda law.
 
Proxy Materials.  NASDAQ requires that a listed U.S. company solicit proxies and provide proxy statements for all shareholder meetings. Such company must also provide copies of its proxy solicitation to NASDAQ.  As permitted under Bermuda law and our byelaws, we do not currently solicit proxies or provide proxy materials to NASDAQ.  Our byelaws also require that we notify our shareholders of meetings no less than 5 days before the meeting.
 

 
41

 

PART III

ITEM 17.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 18.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following financial statements listed below and set forth on pages F-1 through F-12 are filed as part of this annual report:

Consolidated Financial Statements of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
 
F-1
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
F-2
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
 
F-3
 
 
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008
 
F-4
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
 
F-5
 
 
 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended
 
F-6
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
F-7
 
 
 

ITEM 19.  EXHIBITS

Number
 
Description of Exhibit
     
1.1
 
Memorandum of Association of the Company. *
     
1.2
 
Amended Bye-Laws of the Company. **
     
4.1
 
Form of Shipbuilding Contract.
     
8.1
 
Significant Subsidiaries at March 17, 2010
     
11.1
 
Code of Ethics.***
     
12.1
 
Certification of the Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
     
12.2
 
Certification of the Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, as amended.
     
13.1
 
Principal Executive Officer Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
13.2
 
Principal Financial Officer Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
23.1
 
Consent of MSPC Certified Public Accountants and Advisors, a Professional Corporation to the incorporation by reference of its audit report into the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-3, File No. 333-164007.
     
*
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.1 in the Company's Registration Statement on Form F-1, filed December 13, 1996.
     
**
 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.2 in the Company's Annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005.
     
***
 
Incorporated by reference to the same Exhibit No. of the Company's Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003.



 
42

 

SIGNATURES

The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

KNIGHTSBRIDGE TANKERS LIMITED



/s/ Inger M. Klemp         
Inger M. Klemp
Chief Financial Officer
Dated:  March 17, 2010




 
43

 

 
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
F-2
     
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
 
F-3
     
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008
 
F-4
     
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
 
F-5
     
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
 
F-6
     
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
F-7
     
     
     
     



 
 

 

 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Knightsbridge Tankers Limited

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009.  We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework  issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's annual report on internal controls over financial reporting.  Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.  Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation.  Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk.  Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.  A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.  Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework  issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
 
 

/S/  MSPC
Certified Public Accountants and Advisors
A Professional Corporation
New York, New York
March 17, 2010



 
F-2

 

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
(in thousands of $, except per share data)
 


   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Operating revenues
 
Time charter revenues
    54,892       74,837       53,814  
Voyage charter revenues
    12,447       8,077       34,346  
Total operating revenues
    67,339       82,914       88,160  
Gain on sale of assets
    -       -       49,119  
Operating expenses
                       
Voyage expenses and commission
    8,588       4,012       12,872  
Ship operating expenses
    18,829       14,535       15,544  
Administrative expenses
    1,823       1,538       1,481  
Depreciation
    14,343       13,711       17,016  
Total operating expenses
    43,583       33,796       46,913  
Net operating income
    23,756       49,118       90,366  
Other income (expenses)
                       
Interest income
    123       2,336       1,026  
Interest expense
    (1,895 )     (3,216 )     (6,373 )
Other financial items
    (304 )     (184 )     (183 )
Net other expenses
    (2,076 )     (1,064 )     (5,530 )
Net income
    21,680       48,054       84,836  
Per share information:
                       
Earnings per share: basic and diluted
  $ 1.27     $ 2.81     $ 4.96  
Cash dividends per share declared
  $ 0.25     $ 2.75     $ 2.50  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.






 
F-3

 

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2009 and 2008
(in thousands of $)

   
2009
   
2008
 
ASSETS
           
Current assets
           
Cash and cash equivalents
    7,964       77,998  
Restricted cash
    10,000       10,000  
Trade accounts receivable, net
    4,437       2,745  
Other receivables
    662       446  
Inventories
    3,167       1,222  
Voyage in progress
    2,679       -  
Prepaid expenses and accrued income
    418       475  
Total current assets
    29,327       92,886  
           Vessels, net
    344,399       187,360  
           Newbuildings
    -       51,305  
           Deferred charges
    1,220       134  
Total assets
    374,946       331,685  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
               
Current liabilities
               
Current portion of long-term debt
    13,960       42,560  
Trade accounts payable
    3,664       1,820  
Accrued expenses
    6,841       2,111  
Other current liabilities
    4,251       2,409  
Total current liabilities
    28,716       48,900  
Long-term liabilities
               
Long-term debt
    106,520       60,480  
Total liabilities
    135,236       109,380  
Stockholders' equity
               
Share capital
    171       171  
Contributed capital surplus
    179,019       179,019  
Retained earnings
    60,520       43,115  
Total stockholders' equity
    239,710       222,305  
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
    374,946       331,685  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-4

 

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
(in thousands of $)
 
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
                   
Net income
    21,680       48,054       84,836  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
                       
provided by operating activities:
                       
Depreciation
    14,344       13,712       17,016  
Amortization of deferred charges
    188       148       148  
Gain on sale of assets
    -       -       (49,119 )
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
                       
  Trade accounts receivable, net
    (1,692 )     2,097       3,330  
  Other receivables
    (215 )     5,389       (5,170 )
  Inventories
    (1,945 )     2,702       (1,302 )
  Voyages in progress
    (2,679 )     -       2,273  
  Prepaid expenses and accrued income
    59       133       20  
  Trade accounts payable
    (1,761 )     1,201       (7,112 )
  Accrued expenses
    4,741       (3,749 )     2,789  
  Other current liabilities
    1,842       -       477  
Net cash provided by operating activities
    34,562       69,687       48,186  
Investing activities
                       
Additions to newbuildings
    (116,475 )     (17,847 )     (33,459 )
Proceeds from sale of asset
    -       -       98,980  
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
    (116,475 )     (17,847 )     65,521  
Financing activities
                       
Proceeds from long-term debt and credit facilities
    60,000       -       33,600  
Repayments of long-term debt and credit facilities
    (42,560 )     (8,960 )     (30,811 )
Debt fees paid
    (1,286 )     -       (141 )
Dividends paid
    (4,275 )     (47,025 )     (42,750 )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
    11,879       (55,985 )     (40,102 )
                         
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents
    (70,034 )     (4,145 )     73,605  
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
    77,998       82,143       8,538  
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
    7,964       77,998       82,143  
                         
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
                       
Interest paid, net of capitalized interest
    1,364       3,219       6,416  




The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-5

 

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007
(in thousands of $, except number of shares)

   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
NUMBER OF SHARES OUTSTANDING
                 
Balance at beginning and end of year
    17,100,000       17,100,000       17,100,000  
                         
SHARE CAPITAL
                       
Balance at beginning and end of year
    171       171       171  
                         
CONTRIBUTED CAPITAL SURPLUS
                       
Balance at beginning and end of year
    179,019       179,019       179,019  
                         
RETAINED EARNINGS
                       
Balance at beginning of year
    43,115       42,086       -  
Net income
    21,680       48,054       84,836  
Dividends paid
    (4,275 )     (47,025 )     (42,750 )
Balance at end of year
    60,520       43,115       42,086  
Total Stockholders' Equity
    239,710       222,305       221,276  

 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
F-6

 

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements


 
1.
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Knightsbridge Tankers Limited (the "Company") was incorporated in Bermuda in September, 1996. The Company was originally founded for the purpose of the acquisition, disposition, ownership, leasing and chartering of five very large crude oil carriers, or VLCCs and certain related activities. The Company has subsequently expanded its scope of activities and has taken delivery of two Capesize newbuilding dry bulk vessels of approximately 170,000 dwt in August 2009 and October 2009, respectively. The Company's shares are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.

The business of the Company is managed by ICB Shipping (Bermuda) Limited (the "Manager"), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Frontline Ltd.

In December 2007, one vessel was sold with delivery taking place during February 2008. Two VLCCs are on time charters that commenced in 2007 with initial terms of four and five years respectively, each earning a rate of $37,750 per day plus a market-based profit sharing payment computed as 50% of the difference between the related spot market index rate and the base rate. One VLCC is on a three year time charter earning a rate of $45,000 per day that is due to expire in 2010. The remaining VLCC has been operating in the spot market following the expiry of its time charter in March 2009. The Company's two Capesize newbuilding dry bulk carriers commenced five year time charters upon their deliveries in August 2009 and October 2009 earning rates of $40,000 and $52,670 per day gross less 1.25% broker commission.
 
 
2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The consolidated financial statements include the assets and liabilities of Knightsbridge Tankers Limited and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles requires that management make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Effective July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its VLCC vessels from $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting increase in salvage value has been applied prospectively and reduced depreciation by $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. This change also resulted in an increase in net income of $1.0 million and an increase of $0.06 in earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2009.

The Company evaluated events and transactions occurring after the balance sheet date and through the day the financials statements were filed.

Reporting currency
The Company's functional currency is the United States dollar as all revenues are received in United States dollars and a majority of the Company's expenditures are made in United States dollars. The Company and its subsidiaries report in United States dollars.

Transactions in foreign currencies during the year are translated into United States dollars at the rates of exchange in effect at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency monetary assets and liabilities are translated using rates of exchange at the balance sheet date. Foreign currency non-monetary assets and liabilities are translated using historical rates of exchange. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are included in the consolidated statements of operations.

Revenue and expense recognition
Revenues are generated from freight billings and time charter hires. Time charter revenues are recorded over the term of the charter as service is provided. Under a voyage charter the revenues and associated voyage costs are recognized ratably over the estimated duration of the voyage, which is measured from completion of discharge to completion of discharge. Voyage revenues and expenses are recognized ratably over the estimated length of each voyage and, therefore, are allocated between reporting periods based on the relative transit time in each period. The impact of recognizing voyage expenses ratably over the length of each voyage is not materially different on a quarterly and annual basis from a method of recognizing such costs as incurred. Probable losses on voyages are accrued in full at the time such losses can be estimated. Amounts receivable from profit sharing arrangements are accrued based on the time charter equivalent rates achieved through vessel deployment over the preceding quarter in the market for certain key routes and are not contingent on the performance of the Company. This amount is calculated and accounted for on a quarterly basis and is received on a quarterly basis. Each quarterly settlement is final and does not get carried forward to the next quarter. There is no consideration of future performance in the recording of profit sharing revenue.

 
F-7

 


Leases
The current charters for the Company's six vessels are classified as operating leases by the Company.

Cash and cash equivalents
All demand and time deposits and highly liquid, low risk investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase are considered equivalent to cash.

Restricted cash
Restricted cash consists of bank deposits maintained in accordance with contractual loan arrangements.

Trade accounts receivable
Trade and other receivables are presented net of allowances for doubtful balances. If amounts become uncollectible, they are charged against income when that determination is made.

Inventories
Inventories, which are comprised principally of fuel and lubricating oils, are stated at the lower of cost and market value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis.

Newbuildings
The carrying value of the vessels under construction, or newbuildings, represents the accumulated costs through the balance sheet date including capitalized loan interest and associated finance costs. No charge for depreciation is made until a vessel is put into operation.

Vessel purchase expenditures are capitalized at the time vessel purchase contracts are acquired or entered into. The Company reviews expected future cash flows, which would result from each contract on a contract by contract basis to determine whether the carrying value is recoverable. If the expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the contract plus further costs to delivery, impairment is recorded to write down the carrying value to the recoverable amount. Capitalized amounts are transferred to cost of vessels, upon delivery of a vessel to the Company.

Vessels and depreciation
Vessels are stated at cost less accumulated deprecation. Depreciation is calculated based on cost less estimated residual value, using the straight-line method, over the useful life of each vessel. The useful life of each vessel is deemed to be 25 years.

On July 1, 2009, the Company effected a change in estimate related to the estimated scrap rate for its four VLCCs. The scrap rate was amended from an average of $149 per lightweight ton to $281 per lightweight ton. The resulting change in salvage value has been applied prospectively and reduced depreciation by approximately $1.0 million for the six months and year ended December 31, 2009. This change also resulted in an increase in net income of approximately $1.0 million for the six months and year ended December 31, 2009.

Deferred charges
Loan costs, including debt arrangement fees, are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the loan. Amortization of loan costs is included in interest expense.  If the loan is repaid early, any unamortized portion of the related deferred charges is charged against income in the period in which the loan is repaid.

Earnings per share
Earnings per share are based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period presented. For all periods presented, the Company had no potentially dilutive securities outstanding and therefore basic and diluted earnings per share are the same.

Impairment of long-lived assets
Long-lived assets that are held and used by the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If such a review indicates impairment, an impairment charge is recognized based on the difference between carrying value and fair value. Fair value is typically established using an average of three independent valuations. In addition, long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell.

Distributions to shareholders
Distributions to shareholders are applied first to retained earnings. When retained earnings are not sufficient, distributions are applied to the contributed capital surplus account.

 
F-8

 


Drydocking
Normal vessel repair and maintenance costs are expensed when incurred. The Company recognizes the cost of a drydocking at the time the drydocking takes place, that is, it applies the "expense as incurred" method.

 
3.
NEWLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

In May 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") established principles and requirements for disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. This guidance was updated in February 2010 and is effective immediately. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued ASC 105-10. ASC 105-10 stipulates that the FASB Accounting Standards Codification is the source of authoritative U.S. GAAP recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities. ASC 105-10 is effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. The implementation of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

 
4.
TAXATION

The Company is incorporated in Bermuda. Under current Bermuda law, the Company is not required to pay taxes in Bermuda on either income or capital gains. The Company has received written assurance from the Minister of Finance in Bermuda that, in the event of any such taxes being imposed, the Company will be exempted from taxation until the year 2016. Based upon review of applicable laws and regulations, and after consultation with counsel, the Company does not believe it is subject to material income taxes in any jurisdiction.

 
5.
SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company and the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") measure performance based on the Company's overall return to shareholders based on consolidated net income. The CODM does not review a measure of operating result at a lower level than the consolidated group. Consequently, the Company has only one reportable segment: tankers.  The tankers segment includes crude oil tanker vessels and dry bulk vessels. Both types of vessel are managed as part of this one segment.
 
The Company's management does not evaluate performance by geographical region as this information is not meaningful.
 
With the introduction of two Capsize vessels in 2009, the company has been operating in two markets, the wet market whereby crude oil is transported and the dry market whereby dry cargo is transported. An analysis of revenues from these services is as follows:

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Total operating revenues – wet market
    58,860       82,914       88,160  
Total operating revenues – dry market
    8,479       -       -  


 
6.
LEASES

The minimum future revenues to be received on time charters which are accounted for as operating leases as of December 31, 2009 are as follows:

Year ending December 31,
     
(in thousands of $)
     
2010
    70,610  
2011
    61,226  
2012
    44,617  
2013
    33,824  
2014
    25,426  
Thereafter
    -  
Total minimum lease revenues
    235,703  

The cost and accumulated depreciation of vessels leased to third parties at December 31, 2009 was $523.7 million and $179.3 million, respectively, and at December 31, 2008 were $352.3 million and $164.9 million, respectively.

 
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7.
TRADE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET

Trade accounts receivable are presented net of allowance for doubtful accounts amounting to $0.2 million (2008: $0.2 million).


 
8.
NEWBUILDINGS

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
   
2008
 
Newbuildings
    -       51,305  

The carrying value of newbuildings represents accumulated costs paid in purchase installments, other capital expenditures and capitalized loan interest.  Interest capitalized in the cost of newbuildings during the year totaled $0.5 million. (2008: $1.4 million).


 
9.
VESSELS

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
   
2008
 
Cost
    523,689       352,308  
Accumulated depreciation
    (179,291 )     (164,948 )
Net book value at end of year
    344,398       187,360  

During 2009, $88.7 million and $82.7 million were removed from newbuildings and added to the cost of vessels upon the delivery of the first and second Capesize newbuildings, respectively. $17.3 million and $34.0 million of these amounts were recorded in newbuildings at December 31, 2008.

Depreciation expense was $14.3 million, $13.7 million and $17.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.


 
10.
DEFERRED CHARGES

 (in thousands of $)
 
2009
   
2008
 
Capitalized financing fees and expenses
    1,655       523  
Accumulated amortization
    (435 )     (389 )
Net book value at end of year
    1,220       134  

Debt arrangement fees of $1.3 million were capitalized during the year. In addition, fully amortized costs of $0.1 million were removed from cost and accumulated amortization.


 
11.
ACCRUED EXPENSES

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
   
2008
 
Voyage expenses
    2,889       417  
Ship operating expenses
    1,304       1,369  
Administrative expenses
    2,293       313  
Interest expense
    355       12  
      6,841       2,111  


 
12.
OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
   
2008
 
Deferred income
    1,457       2,409  
Newbuilding accrual
    2,794       -  
      4,251       2,409  


 
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13.
DEBT

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
   
2008
 
US dollar denominated floating rate debt
           
-$140 Million Loan
    60,480       69,440  
-Predelivery Loan
    -       33,600  
-$60 Million Loan
    60,000       -  
Total debt
    120,480       103,040  
Less: Current portion
    (13,960 )     (42,560 )
      106,520       60,480  

The average interest rate for the floating rate debt was 2.41% for the year ended December 31, 2009 and 4.3% for the year ended December 31, 2008.

$140 Million Loan
In March 2004, the Company refinanced a prior debt facility with a $140.0 million credit facility in the form of five tranches of $28.0 million, each in respect to a vessel in the fleet at the time (including all VLCC vessels in the current fleet). One tranche was repaid upon the sale of the related vessel in 2007. The credit facility is secured by, among other things, a mortgage on each VLCC and an assignment of any charter in respect to that VLCC. The repayment terms of the facility is seven years so that the facility is due to be repaid in 2011.

The credit facility bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and contains a minimum market value covenant on the vessels and a covenant requiring us to maintain a certain minimum level of cash.

Predelivery Loan
In May 2007, the Company entered into an extension of the credit facility and drew two tranches of $16.8 million each to fund installment payments on two newbuilding contracts. The facility was secured on the same basis as the original loan and was subject to the same covenants as the original loan. The tranches were repaid on delivery of the Capesize vessels to the Company, in August and October 2009.

$60 Million Loan
In August 2009, the Company entered into a four year term loan facility agreement consisting of two tranches of $30.0 million each.  In August 2009, the Company drew down $30.0 million to fund the final installment due on delivery of the first Capesize newbuilding and the repayment of the first tranche of the Predelivery Loan. In October 2009, the Company drew down the second tranche of $30.0 million under the term loan to fund the final installment due on delivery of the second Capesize newbuilding and the repayment of the second tranche of the Predelivery Loan. The loans are secured by, among other things, a mortgage on the Capesize vessels and an assignment of any charters in respect to those vessels.

The $60 Million Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus a margin and contains a minimum market value covenant on the Capesize vessels and covenants requiring us to maintain a certain minimum level of cash and positive working capital.

The outstanding debt as of December 31, 2009 is repayable as follows:

Year ending December 31,
     
(in thousands of $)
     
2010
    13,960  
2011
    56,520  
2012
    5,000  
2013
    45,000  
Thereafter
    -  
Total debt
    120,480  


 
14.
SHARE CAPITAL

The authorized share capital consists of 35,000,000 (2008: 20,000,000) ordinary shares of $0.01 each. The increase in the authorized share capital was approved at the Company's Annual General Meeting on September 25, 2009. The issued and fully paid share capital consists of:

(in thousands of $)
 
2009
   
2008
 
17,100,000 ordinary shares of $0.01 each
    171       171  


 
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15.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Interest rate risk management
In certain situations, the Company may enter into financial instruments to reduce the risk associated with fluctuations in interest rates. The Company does not hold or issue instruments for speculative or trading purposes. As at December 31, 2009, the Company is not party to any interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate exposure.

Foreign currency risk
The majority of the Company's transactions, assets and liabilities are denominated in United States dollars, the functional currency of the Company. There is no significant risk that currency fluctuations will have a negative effect of the value of the Company's cash flows.

Fair values
The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company's financial instruments at December 31, 2009 and 2008 are as follows:

   
2009
   
2009
   
2008
   
2008
 
 
(in thousands of $)
 
Fair
Value
   
Carrying Value
   
Fair
Value
   
Carrying
 Value
 
Cash and cash equivalents
    7,964       7,964       77,998       77,998  
Restricted cash
    10,000       10,000       10,000       10,000  
Floating rate debt
    120,480       120,480       103,040       103,040  

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash, is a reasonable estimate of fair value.

The estimated fair value for floating rate long-term debt is considered to be equal to the carrying value since it bears variable interest rates, which are reset on a quarterly basis.

Concentrations of risk
There is a concentration of credit risk with respect to cash and cash equivalents to the extent that substantially all of the amounts are carried with Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken, The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, DnB NOR and Nordea Bank Norge ASA. The Company does not require collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk.

In 2009, two customers accounted for $45.0 million, or 67% of gross revenue, whilst in 2008 three customers accounted for $74.8 million or 91% of gross revenue. In 2007, four customers accounted for $81.0 million or 92% of gross revenues. Customers with revenues of more than 10% of the total revenue earned in 2009 are listed below.

   
Revenue
(in thousands of $)
   
Percentage
of revenue
 
Frontline Ltd
    28,563       43 %
Great Elephant Corporation
    16,425       24 %
      44,988       67 %


 
16.
MANAGEMENT OF COMPANY

On February 12, 1997, the Company entered into a management agreement with the Manager under which the Manager provided certain administrative, management and advisory services to the Company for an amount of $750,000 per year. Effective February 2004, the Company entered into an amendment to the agreement with the Manager. The management fee has been amended to $630,000 per year, in addition to a commission of 1.25 per cent on gross freight revenues. Pursuant to the terms of the amendment, the Company is now responsible for paying its own administrative expenses. In February 2006, the management fee was increased to $1,150,000 per annum.

 
17.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

In January 2010, the Company entered into a 30 month bareboat contract for the MT Camden with commencement late March 2010 at a rate, which is deemed by the Company to be equivalent to at least $32,000 per day on a time charter basis.

In February 2010, the Board declared a dividend of $0.30 per share which was paid on March 4, 2010.


 
F-12