Loans Held for Investment

The following table sets forth the composition of our loan portfolio in dollar amounts at the dates indicated:



	June 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
	(in thousands)
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	508,141		$	309,741
Franchise	403,855			328,925
Commercial owner occupied (1)	443,060			294,726
SBA	86,076			62,256
Warehouse facilities	—			143,200
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	526,362			421,583
Multi-family	613,573			429,003
One-to-four family (2)	106,538			80,050
Construction	215,786			169,748
Land	18,341			18,340
Other loans	5,822			5,111
Total gross loans (3)	2,927,554			2,262,683
Less Loans held for sale, net	10,116			8,565
Total gross loans held for investment	2,917,438			2,254,118
Less:
Deferred loan origination costs/(fees) and premiums/(discounts), net	3,181			197
Allowance for loan losses	(18,955		)	(17,317		)
Loans held for investment, net	$	2,901,664		$	2,236,998

______________________________

(1) Majority secured by real estate.

(2) Includes second trust deeds.

(3) Total gross loans for June 30, 2016 are net of the unaccreted mark-to-market discounts of $12.7 million.

From time to time, we may purchase or sell loans in order to manage concentrations, maximize interest income, change risk profiles, improve returns and generate liquidity.

The Company makes residential and commercial loans held for investment to customers located primarily in California. Consequently, the underlying collateral for our loans and a borrower’s ability to repay may be impacted unfavorably by adverse changes in the economy and real estate market in the region.

Under applicable laws and regulations, the Bank may not make secured loans to one borrower in excess of 25% of the Bank’s unimpaired capital plus surplus and likewise in excess of 15% for unsecured loans. These loans-to-one borrower limitations result in a dollar limitation of $128.4 million for secured loans and $77.0 million for unsecured loans at June 30, 2016. At June 30, 2016, the Bank’s largest aggregate outstanding balance of loans to one borrower was $40.0 million of secured credit.

Purchased Credit Impaired

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s principal investment in purchased credit impaired loans, acquired from Canyon National Bank, IDPK and SCAF as of the period indicated:



	June 30, 2016
	Canyon National		IDPK		SCAF		Total
	(in thousands)
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	87	$	159	$	4,162	$	4,408
Commercial owner occupied	517		—		1,105		1,622
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	879		626		—		1,505
Other loans	—		—		418		418
Total purchase credit impaired	$	1,483	$	785	$	5,685	$	7,953

On the acquisition date, the amount by which the undiscounted expected cash flows of the purchased credit impaired loans exceed the estimated fair value of the loan is the “accretable yield.” The accretable yield is measured at each financial reporting date and represents the difference between the remaining undiscounted expected cash flows and the current carrying value of the purchased credit impaired loan. At June 30, 2016, the Company had $8.0 million of purchased credit impaired loans, of which $580,000 were placed on nonaccrual status.

The following table summarizes the accretable yield on the purchased credit impaired loans for the six months ended June 30, 2016:



	Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2016
	Canyon National			IDPK			SCAF			Total
	(in thousands)
Balance at the beginning of period	$	1,130		$	1,596		$	—		$	2,726
Accretable yield at acquisition	—			—			788			788
Accretion	(98		)	(8		)	(170		)	(276		)
Disposals and other	(30		)	(419		)	—			(449		)
Change in accretable yield	—			192			—			192
Balance at the end of period	$	1,002		$	1,361		$	618		$	2,981

Impaired Loans

The following tables provide a summary of the Company’s investment in impaired loans as of the period indicated:



	Impaired Loans
	Contractual Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		With Specific Allowance		Without Specific Allowance		Specific Allowance for Impaired Loans
	(in thousands)
June 30, 2016
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	1,519	$	1,051	$	—	$	1,051	$	—
Franchise	2,225		1,461		1,461		—		731
Commercial owner occupied	865		486		—		486		—
SBA	1,394		328		—		329		—
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	—		—		—		—		—
One-to-four family	181		137		—		137		—
Land	37		18		—		18		—
Totals	$	6,221	$	3,481	$	1,461	$	2,021	$	731



	Impaired Loans
	Contractual Unpaid Principal Balance		Recorded Investment		With Specific Allowance		Without Specific Allowance		Specific Allowance for Impaired Loans		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
December 31, 2015
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	578	$	313	$	—	$	313	$	—	$	90	$	29
Franchise	2,394		1,630		1,461		169		731		1,386		3
Commercial owner occupied	883		536		—		536		—		415		67
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	329		214		—		214		—		430		19
One-to-four family	98		70		—		70		—		204		5
Land	37		21		—		21		—		13		—
Totals	$	4,319	$	2,784	$	1,461	$	1,323	$	731	$	2,538	$	123



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
June 30, 2016
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	350	$	8	$	329	$	13
Franchise	1,461		24		1,546		51
Commercial owner occupied	494		9		506		18
SBA	247		4		135		4
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	—		—		71		2
One-to-four family	393		5		322		10
Land	19		1		19		1
Totals	$	2,964	$	51	$	2,928	$	99



	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
	(in thousands)
June 30, 2015
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	74	$	—	$	4	$	—
Franchise	1,723		—		1,171		—
Commercial owner occupied	373		15		378		22
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	446		21		456		33
One-to-four family	222		10		228		15
Land	8		—		4		—
Totals	$	2,846	$	46	$	2,241	$	70

The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement or it is determined that the likelihood of the Company receiving all scheduled payments, including interest, when due is remote. The Company has no commitments to lend additional funds to debtors whose loans have been impaired.

The Company reviews loans for impairment when the loan is classified as substandard or worse, delinquent 90 days, or determined by management to be collateral dependent, or when the borrower files bankruptcy or is granted a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”). Measurement of impairment is based on the loan’s expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, measured by reference to an observable market value, if one exists, or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is deemed collateral dependent. All loans are generally charged-off at such time the loan is classified as a loss. Valuation allowances are determined on a loan-by-loan basis or by aggregating loans with similar risk characteristics.

The following table provides additional detail on the components of impaired loans at the period end indicated:



	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
	(in thousands)
Nonaccruing loans	$	3,481	$	2,736
Accruing loans	—		48
Total impaired loans	$	3,481	$	2,784

When loans are placed on nonaccrual status all accrued interest is reversed from earnings. Payments received on nonaccrual loans are generally applied as a reduction to the loan principal balance. If the likelihood of further loss is remote, the Company will recognize interest on a cash basis only. Loans may be returned to accruing status if the Company believes that all remaining principal and interest is fully collectible and there has been at least three months of sustained repayment performance since the loan was placed on nonaccrual.

The Company does not accrue interest on loans 90 days or more past due or when, in the opinion of management, there is reasonable doubt as to the collection of interest. The Company had impaired loans on nonaccrual status of $3.5 million at June 30, 2016 and $2.7 million at December 31, 2015. The Company had no loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

The Company had no TDRs at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. In addition, the Company had no foreclosed residential real estate property or a recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property for which formal foreclosure proceedings were in process as of June 30, 2016.

Concentration of Credit Risk

As of June 30, 2016, the Company’s loan portfolio was collateralized by various forms of real estate and business assets located predominately in California. The Company’s loan portfolio contains concentrations of credit in multi-family real estate, commercial non-owner occupied real estate and commercial owner occupied business loans. The Bank maintains policies approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors (the “Bank Board”) that address these concentrations and continues to diversify its loan portfolio through loan originations, purchases and sales to meet approved concentration levels. While management believes that the collateral presently securing these loans is adequate, there can be no assurances that a significant deterioration in the California real estate market or economy would not expose the Company to significantly greater credit risk.

Credit Quality and Credit Risk Management

The Company’s credit quality is maintained and credit risk managed in two distinct areas. The first is the loan origination process, wherein the Bank underwrites credit quality and chooses which risks it is willing to accept. The second is in the ongoing oversight of the loan portfolio, where existing credit risk is measured and monitored, and where performance issues are dealt with in a timely and comprehensive fashion.

The Company maintains a comprehensive credit policy which sets forth minimum and maximum tolerances for key elements of loan risk. The policy identifies and sets forth specific guidelines for analyzing each of the loan products the Company offers from both an individual and portfolio wide basis. The credit policy is reviewed annually by the Bank Board. The Bank’s seasoned underwriters ensure all key risk factors are analyzed with nearly all underwriting including a comprehensive global cash flow analysis of the prospective borrowers.

Credit risk is managed within the loan portfolio by the Company’s Portfolio Management department based on a comprehensive credit and investment review policy. This policy requires a program of financial data collection and analysis, comprehensive loan reviews, property and/or business inspections and monitoring of portfolio concentrations and trends. The Portfolio Management department also monitors asset-based lines of credit, loan covenants and other conditions associated with the Company’s business loans as a means to help identify potential credit risk. Individual loans, excluding the homogeneous loan portfolio, are reviewed at least biennially, and in most cases more often, including the assignment of a risk grade.

Risk grades are based on a six-grade Pass scale, along with Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss classifications as such classifications are defined by the regulatory agencies. The assignment of risk grades allows the Company to, among other things, identify the risk associated with each credit in the portfolio, and to provide a basis for estimating credit losses inherent in the portfolio. Risk grades are reviewed regularly by the Company’s Credit and Portfolio Review committee, and are reviewed annually by an independent third-party, as well as by regulatory agencies during scheduled examinations.

The following provides brief definitions for risk grades assigned to loans in the portfolio:


•	Pass classifications represent assets with a level of credit quality which contain no well-defined deficiency or weakness.


•	Special Mention assets do not currently expose the Bank to a sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the adverse categories, but possess correctable deficiencies or potential weaknesses deserving management’s close attention.


•	Substandard assets are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. These assets are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. OREO acquired from foreclosure is also classified as substandard.


•	Doubtful credits have all the weaknesses inherent in substandard credits, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.


•	Loss assets are those that are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as assets is not warranted. Amounts classified as loss are promptly charged off.

The Portfolio Management department also manages loan performance risks, collections, workouts, bankruptcies and foreclosures. Loan performance risks are mitigated by our portfolio managers acting promptly and assertively to address problem credits when they are identified. Collection efforts are commenced immediately upon non-payment, and the portfolio managers seek to promptly determine the appropriate steps to minimize the Company’s risk of loss. When foreclosure will maximize the Company’s recovery for a non-performing loan, the portfolio managers will take appropriate action to initiate the foreclosure process.

When a loan is graded as special mention or substandard or doubtful, the Company obtains an updated valuation of the underlying collateral. If the credit in question is also identified as impaired, a valuation allowance, if necessary, is established against such loan or a loss is recognized by a charge to the allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) if management believes that the full amount of the Company’s recorded investment in the loan is no longer collectable. The Company typically continues to obtain or confirm updated valuations of underlying collateral for special mention and classified loans on an annual basis in order to have the most current indication of fair value. Once a loan is identified as impaired, an analysis of the underlying collateral is performed at least quarterly, and corresponding changes in any related valuation allowance are made or balances deemed to be fully uncollectable are charged-off.

The following tables stratify the loan portfolio by the Company’s internal risk grading system as well as certain other information concerning the credit quality of the loan portfolio as of the periods indicated:



	Credit Risk Grades
	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total Gross Loans
June 30, 2016	(in thousands)
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	498,556	$	3,694	$	5,891	$	—	$	508,141
Franchise	402,394		—		—		1,461		403,855
Commercial owner occupied	432,542		1,413		9,105		—		443,060
SBA	85,747		—		329		—		86,076
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	522,108		—		4,254		—		526,362
Multi-family	611,143		—		2,430		—		613,573
One-to-four family	105,619		—		919		—		106,538
Construction	215,786		—		—		—		215,786
Land	18,323		—		18		—		18,341
Other loans	5,404		—		418		—		5,822
Totals	$	2,897,622	$	5,107	$	23,364	$	1,461	$	2,927,554



	Credit Risk Grades
	Pass		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total Gross Loans
December 31, 2015	(in thousands)
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	306,513	$	73	$	3,155	$	—	$	309,741
Franchise	327,295		—		169		1,461		328,925
Commercial owner occupied	286,270		627		7,829		—		294,726
SBA	62,256		—		—		—		62,256
Warehouse facilities	143,200		—		—		—		143,200
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	418,917		—		2,666		—		421,583
Multi-family	425,616		—		3,387		—		429,003
One-to-four family	78,997		—		1,053		—		80,050
Construction	169,748		—		—		—		169,748
Land	18,319		—		21		—		18,340
Other loans	5,111		—		—		—		5,111
Totals	$	2,242,242	$	700	$	18,280	$	1,461	$	2,262,683

The following tables set forth delinquencies in the Company’s loan portfolio at the dates indicated:



			Days Past Due								Non-
	Current		30-59		60-89		90+		Total		Accruing
June 30, 2016	(in thousands)
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	506,965	$	1,144	$	—	$	32	$	508,141	$	1,220
Franchise	402,394		—		—		1,461		403,855		1,461
Commercial owner occupied	443,060		—		—		—		443,060		486
SBA	85,830		—		—		246		86,076		329
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	523,875		—		2,487		—		526,362		411
Multi-family	613,573		—		—		—		613,573		—
One-to-four family	106,498		—		—		40		106,538		137
Construction	215,786		—		—		—		215,786		—
Land	18,323		—		—		18		18,341		18
Other loans	5,822		—		—		—		5,822		—
Totals	$	2,922,126	$	1,144	$	2,487	$	1,797	$	2,927,554	$	4,062



			Days Past Due								Non-
	Current		30-59		60-89		90+		Total		Accruing
December 31, 2015	(in thousands)
Business loans:
Commercial and industrial	$	309,464	$	20	$	—	$	257	$	309,741	$	463
Franchise	327,295		—		—		1,630		328,925		1,630
Commercial owner occupied	294,371		—		355		—		294,726		536
SBA	62,256		—		—		—		62,256		—
Warehouse facilities	143,200		—		—		—		143,200		—
Real estate loans:
Commercial non-owner occupied	421,369		214		—		—		421,583		1,164
Multi-family	429,003		—		—		—		429,003		—
One-to-four family	79,915		89		—		46		80,050		155
Construction	169,748		—		—		—		169,748		—
Land	18,319		—		—		21		18,340		21
Other loans	5,111		—		—		—		5,111		1
Totals	$	2,260,051	$	323	$	355	$	1,954	$	2,262,683	$	3,970