0001144204-13-016811.txt : 20130322 0001144204-13-016811.hdr.sgml : 20130322 20130322094120 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001144204-13-016811 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 12 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 20121231 FILED AS OF DATE: 20130322 DATE AS OF CHANGE: 20130322 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: Axion Power International, Inc. CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001028153 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: MISCELLANEOUS ELECTRICAL MACHINERY, EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIES [3690] IRS NUMBER: 650774638 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: 1934 Act SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-22573 FILM NUMBER: 13709406 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3601 CLOVER LANE CITY: NEW CASTLE STATE: PA ZIP: 16105 BUSINESS PHONE: 905-264-1991 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 3601 CLOVER LANE CITY: NEW CASTLE STATE: PA ZIP: 16105 FORMER COMPANY: FORMER CONFORMED NAME: TAMBORIL CIGAR CO DATE OF NAME CHANGE: 19961204 10-K 1 v332634_10k.htm FORM 10-K

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

 

x ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE   SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012

o TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from ___ until ___

Commission File Number 000-22573

AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware   65-0774638
(State or other jurisdiction of   (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation organization)   Identification No.)
     
3601 Clover Lane    
New Castle, Pennsylvania   16105
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code   (724) 654-9300

 

Securities Registered under Section 12(b) of the Act

None

Securities Registered under Section 12(g) of the Act

Common Stock, par value $.0001 per share

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨   No x

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨   No x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the issuer (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes    x    No  o

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

  Large accelerated filer ¨ Accelerated filer ¨
  Non-accelerated filer ¨ Smaller reporting company x

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ¨ No x

 

The aggregate market value of the 103,882,830 shares of voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant based on the closing price on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board on June 30, 2012 was $35,320,162

 

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

 

    Shares Outstanding
Title of Class   February 28, 2013
Common Stock   113,290,364

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Definitive Proxy Statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference in Part III hereof.

 

 
 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I    
     
Item 1. Business. 3
     
Item 1A. Risk Factors. 12
     
Item 2. Properties. 15
     
Item 3. Legal Proceedings. 15
     
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 16
     
PART II    
     
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases Equity of Securities. 16
     
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 17
     
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 24
     
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 39
     
Item 9A Controls and Procedures. 39
     
PART III    
     
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance. 40
     
Item 11. Executive Compensation. 45
     
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. 49
     
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence. 49
     
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services. 49
     
PART IV    
     
Item 15. Exhibits. 51

 

2
 

 

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Information

 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, in particular the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contains certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended(the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements represent our expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies concerning future events, including, but not limited to, any statements regarding our assumptions about financial performance; the continuation of historical trends; the sufficiency of our cash balances for future liquidity and capital resource needs; the expected impact of changes in accounting policies on our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows; anticipated problems and our plans for future operations; and the economy in general or the future of the energy storage device industry, all of which are subject to various risks and uncertainties.

 

When used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K as well as in reports, statements, and information we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission” or “SEC”), in our press releases, presentations to securities analysts or investors, in oral statements made by or with the approval of an executive officer, the words or phrases “believes,” “may,” “will,” “expects,” “should,” “continue,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “will likely result,” “estimates,” “projects” or similar expressions and variations thereof are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. However, any statements contained in this periodic report that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. We caution that these statements by their nature involve risks and uncertainties, certain of which are beyond our control, and actual results may differ materially depending on a variety of important factors.

 

PART I

 

Item 1   Description of Business

 

Axion Power International, Inc. (the “Company”, Axion, “we”, “our”, or “us”) is a company whose primary purpose is to develop, design, manufacture and sell advanced energy storage devices and components that are based on our patented PbC Technology. In addition we manufacture standard and specialty lead-acid batteries. Our new PbC® batteries and components, which are manufactured primarily through the use of activated carbon as an alternative to lead in the battery’s negative electrode, have application to virtually all energy system storage functions. It is the Company’s long term goal to become a primary supply source of PbC negative electrodes to established battery manufacturers.  

 

The Battery Industry

 

There are two principal types of lead-acid batteries: flooded batteries and valve regulated lead-acid. The choice of battery depends mainly on the specific application that the battery serves. Typical standby or stationary applications use valve regulated lead-acid batteries due to their inherent advantages, including spill proof design, low maintenance, and compact form, low self-discharge and high performance. On the other hand, applications like industrial equipment are better served by the flooded lead-acid battery types due to their superior performance in continuous deep discharge applications and at high operating temperatures, among other features. Technology within the lead-acid battery industry has remained relatively stable for the last 30 years, and an industry-wide lack of innovation has generally restrained growth into new applications and emerging markets.

 

Alternative energy applications like wind and solar power require an energy storage solution that combines low cost and long deep discharge cycle life. Lead-acid batteries are currently one of the gold standards in large-scale power storage applications, but the low charge acceptance and short cycle-life of lead-acid chemistry at deep discharge levels is a primary inhibitor to growth. Due primarily to these limitations, a number of battery manufacturers are experimenting with alternative battery technologies that are far more expensive to implement, but offer substantial cycle-life advantages.

 

The North American lead-acid battery industry is mature with a few leading vendors that have a global presence and a larger number of smaller regional and local vendors that cater to the needs of the North American market. The first tier companies that have a global presence include EnerSys, Exide Technologies and Johnson Controls.  The second tier companies that cater mainly to the North American market include, among others, East Penn Manufacturing, GS Batteries, and Trojan Battery. The user segments that rely on lead-acid batteries include internal combustion engine automotive applications, standby applications ranging from uninterruptible power supplies to telecommunication applications, limited power storage for wind and solar systems and motive power for heavy-duty equipment and railroad applications.

 

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Our Corporate History

 

Axion Power Corporation, our wholly owned subsidiary, was formed in September of 2003 to acquire and develop certain innovative battery technology. Since inception Axion Power Corporation has been engaged in research and development (“R&D”) of new technology for the production of our PbC batteries. On December 31, 2003, Axion Power Corporation engaged in a reverse acquisition with Tamboril Cigar Company (“Tamboril”), a public shell company whereby Axion Power Corporation became a wholly owned subsidiary of Tamboril. Tamboril was originally incorporated in Delaware in January 1997 and operated a wholesale cigar business until December 1998, after which date it was an inactive public shell until the reverse acquisition and subsequent name change to Axion Power International, Inc.

 

In February 2006, we acquired use of our Clover Lane facility. We have utilized this space to manufacture our specialty lead-acid battery products and to produce and test prototypes which incorporate our new technology. Our Clover Lane plant provides us the opportunity to manufacture batteries for sale under the Axion brand name; to manufacture for third parties under a specific contract arrangements; or to manufacture prototypes for our own use and testing, or for testing by our customers. Our facility has been fully tested and was found to be in compliance with emission standards established by new federal guidelines in accordance with the Clean Air Act–Title III.

 

Since inception, our operations have been financed through the sale of equity and debt instruments to investors, as well as loans and proceeds from government grants, and with minimal revenue generated from our operations. We believe that a successful transition from an R&D to development stage company to a PbC commercial manufacturing company was achieved in 2012 and it will provide us the growth opportunities to commercialize our PbC technology and thereby improve our financial condition, cash flow and market profile.

 

Developments Since 2008

 

Since 2008, we have devoted a significant portion of our time and financial resources to upgrading, and where necessary, replacing existing battery manufacturing equipment as part of our long range business plan.   Our business plan anticipated utilizing upgraded equipment to manufacture our proprietary PbC lead carbon products. During 2009, we continued to make improvements to our production processes through purchases of equipment and the early stage of quality control systems. We also installed and continued to engineer our first prototype automated PbC negative electrode manufacturing line.

 

On December 22, 2009, we sold 45,757,572 shares of our common stock at a price of $0.57 per share for total gross proceeds of $26,081,816 and net cash proceeds of $24,928,323 after “breakup” fees and cash offering costs.

 

During 2010, we continued to improve and utilize our new prototype line which, together with certain manual processes, allowed us to manufacture our PbC negative electrodes for sale and for use in ongoing prototype testing. We then incorporated our knowledge and experience into the design of a second generation automated robotic line. There were two main challenges we needed to address in order to ready our product for commercial production quantities – (i) implementation of improved quality control; and (ii) increase in quantity production to targeted levels. We began discussions with a major “design and equipment manufacture” firm early in 2010 which, in the summer of 2010, led to a design and build contract for a robotic carbon electrode manufacturing line. The complete new line was delivered to us in 2011 and was put in place at our Green Ridge Road facility in New Castle, PA. We anticipate that the carbon electrode component of our PbC batteries for our various planned PowerCubeTM projects, for our hybrid locomotive Norfolk Southern project, for our automotive strategic partners and for testing on various other customer oriented projects will be manufactured with robotic precision on this second generation line. We also continue to identify further improvements to the new line which will be incorporated into the next generation.

 

Our upgrade and replacement of battery manufacturing equipment, begun in 2010, was completed in 2011 and included the installation of a new automatic paste mixer and a fixed orifice pasting line that will improve the quality and dimensional tolerances of battery plates. In addition, the assembly operation added an automatic stacker that will provide the precise wrap and alignment of absorbed glass matt separator that is needed for the production of our premium PbC products. 2011 also saw us complete the modernization of our second lead-acid production line; the rebuild of five casting machines; the addition of new welding equipment; and a 35% expansion of our formation area.

 

As a result of our having invested in the reconfiguration of our manufacturing space and in the training of our workforce, we have been able to seize an evolving opportunity to increase revenue and cash flow generated from specialty lead-acid batteries. On March 8, 2011, we announced that we had received a series of purchase orders for the production and immediate delivery of specialty flooded lead-acid batteries. The batteries will be branded by the purchaser. These shipments generated $7.9 million and $6.4 million, respectively in 2012 and 2011 product sales. The flooded lead-acid batteries were built by us, with the purchaser carrying the cost of inventory and providing the raw materials required. The battery order was, and remains, well-suited for production on our renovated, and under-utilized, manufacturing facilities at Clover Lane. This initiative is not a deviation from our long-term strategy which is focused on PbC battery and component production. Rather, it provided us with an opportunity to enhance that strategy by further training our factory personnel, while at the same time allowing us to make production and quality improvements. A further benefit was the generation of cash flow to reduce our cash burn rate as we moved forward toward the ready state for commercialization of our PbC products in 2012.

 

4
 

 

In 2011, our automotive work incorporated new OEM partners to the ongoing mix. An increasing body of empirical evidence is presented with respect to the lack of merit, and/or practicality, of existing stop-start battery solutions, the potential of our PbC product gains more and more traction. The clock is running for the US and European automotive manufacturers as they seek to comply with upcoming governmental regulations and consumer expectations for increased miles per gallon. European OEM’s in particular have made commitments to fleet wide adoption of hybridization for their future manufactured vehicles. This commitment was strongly influenced by European Union (EU) legislation that requires reductions in CO2 emissions for all new passenger vehicle production in Europe beginning in 2012. In most cases 2012 requirements that 65% of the fleet (average) is required to reduce CO2 emissions to 130 grams per kilometer, have been met by the OEM’s because their smaller engine cars brought the fleet average down to the required level. It will be far more difficult going forward as the required average percentage for the fleet ratchets up to 75% in 2013, 80% in 2014 and a full 100% (average) in 2015. Failure to comply with the regulation will result in a fine based on the number of grams of CO2 that were emitted above the 130 gram limit. The assessment begins with 5 euros for the first gram; 15 euros for the second; 25 euros for the third; 95 euros for the fourth; and 95 euros for every subsequent gram of CO2 over the 130 gram limit. This fine will be assessed against the entire new manufactured fleet of an OEM. In real terms it means that if an OEM manufactured one million vehicles for European consumption in 2015 (and there are several that do) and that if that manufacturer was 5 grams of CO2 over the limit (at the 135 grams of CO2 per kilometer level), then that manufacturer would be fined 235 million euros for the year 2015, and for every subsequent year of non-compliance (European Parliament regulation EC443/2009).

 

We and others believe that the fastest, and least expensive, method of reducing CO2 emissions from an internal combustion engine vehicle is to equip the vehicle with stop-start technology. Simply put, in stop-start, every time the vehicle comes to rest the engine shuts off. When the operator takes their foot off the brake and re-engages, the engine comes back on. CO2 emission reductions, and the “hand in hand” fuel savings, are directly proportional to the time the engine is at rest. But, while the engine is off, there is still an ancillary load in the car that must be powered (headlights, heater/air conditioning, radio, power brakes, windshield wipers, door locks, dash board lights, power windows, etc.). The car battery will have to power this load, and it will have to do so without charge from the alternator, or integrated starter generator, because the engine is at rest. Several battery technologies can be utilized - expensive lithium ion, nickel metal hydride, supercapacitors in various forms and combinations, but these solutions all add four figures to the cost when the necessary ancillary equipment, required by these chemistries, is included in the equation. Prospective solutions in the form of conventional lead-acid batteries would cost a few hundred dollars but lead-acid batteries, in flooded, VRLA or AGM constructs, do not allow the vehicle to come close to fully functioning in accordance with stop/start design requirements. This is true because the lead-acid battery develops poor charge acceptance early in its life cycle resulting in extended charge time requirements between stop-start events. The result is a charging event that takes minutes, during which time, the vehicle engine cannot shut off and therefore does not reduce CO2 emissions, nor does it increase mpg, in conformance with government regulations. The solution offered by our PbC technology combines low cost, with a fast rate of charge acceptance and achieves the specified stop-start performance that is needed to comply with CO2 emissions regulations, while at the same time improving miles per gallon performance. We feel we have the best potential product for the emerging micro-hybrid (stop-start) market and therefore we have devoted considerable time and money in working with our strategic partners and prospective customers in this area. In 2012, two new major players in the automotive and truck manufacturing industry, joined our programs. Since the end of 2012, two additional OEM’s have moved into programs with us.

 

A major focus in 2011 was our continued effort in the hybrid locomotive application. Similar to the hybrid vehicle market, battery charge acceptance and ability to take advantage of opportunity charging are key elements in providing a product for the hybrid locomotive market. If one adds to the equation the hybrid locomotive’s need for a product that also has a “high cycle life” component, you can easily see why we feel our PbC battery, with high charge acceptance, fast re-charge ability and high cycle life, has a significant advantage in this market. Most of our work over the last three years has been with Norfolk Southern, with whom we forged a partnership after the early battery technologies they chose to work with proved to be inadequate for the unique needs of that hybrid technology. After initial testing confirmed that our PbC product demonstrated great potential for the hybrid locomotive market, we entered into a 12 month service and supply agreement with Norfolk Southern, under which we initially provided engineering expertise and small quantities of batteries for their in house testing. This arrangement evolved into the sale of a much greater quantity of batteries for their use in large string testing. That string testing proved out well in 2012 and in the 4th quarter, we shipped all the batteries required for Norfolk Southern to rebuild their NS-999 all electric “yard slug” locomotive. When road worthiness is confirmed, the yard slug will go into yard service moving shipments and railroad cars into new train, and other yard configurations. Our work continues in the development and commissioning of an “over the road” hybrid locomotive that has been on a parallel path with the yard slug application.

 

5
 

 

With the financial assistance provided by the Pennsylvania Energy Development Authority and Commonwealth Financing Authority grants we were awarded, we commissioned our first PowerCube™ product onsite at our Clover Lane facility in November of 2011. The PowerCube was fully integrated by us and, in addition to the batteries, contains a racking system, electronics and power equipment, battery management system, climate control and fire suppression systems. As part of this undertaking, we entered into a partnership with Viridity Energy and PJM (the largest Regional Transmission Organization in the US). Basically through this arrangement, the PowerCube was network connected to the PJM system and allowed us to respond through Viridity to curtailment and demand response signals from PJM. Our strategic partnerships with Viridity and PJM were originally formed partially in response to anticipated new rulings from the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). The new rulings took place in October of 2011 and basically allowed power sources, of 500kW down to 100kW, to be connected to the grid. They also ruled that “pay for performance” provisions would be phased in during calendar year 2012, and they were in October of 2012. “Pay for performance” translates into “the faster one responds the higher rate the utility will pay on a per kilowatt basis based on three performance metrics”. Our metrics have averaged close to 95%, and as a result our reimbursement rate is approximately 1.9 times greater than it was at the beginning of the program. In addition, in 2012 we increased our participation rate from a couple of hours per day, to 50 plus hours per week. More is possible but we are currently limited by the times that the signal channel is available. The available times have been increasing subsequent to the end of 2012. Our cube not only allows us to fully test our system, but it also allows network testing. Of course a main focus of the onsite PowerCube is still its function as a test bed for several of our applications that incorporate large strings of batteries. We have added to those applications in 2012 and in the first quarter of 2013.

 

Since the PowerCube can be scaled, we began a parallel path development of smaller PowerCube units (mini-cubes) in 2011. These mini-cube applications include residential storage (at levels down to 10kW) and small commercial storage. The units can be connected to wind and solar power sources in addition to filtering power directly from the grid. The end product will provide backup power, power quality, power smoothing, and potential peak shaving. In 2012 we entered into a distribution agreement with Rosewater Energy, a group that will take this product to market in North America.

 

We completed our work on a $1.0 million grant from the Office of Naval Research (ONR) in 2011. This project was aimed at developing a product for the Navy and Marine Corps silent watch program and their assault vehicle program. This program provided us with valuable information that we will utilize across the spectrum of our products. We have billed $1.0 million and collected all monies less a 1% service fee as of December 31, 2012.   

 

On February 3, 2012, we completed a registered direct common stock offering at a per share price of $0.35 per share. This straight equity transaction, at a 10% discount to market based on trailing average, provided total gross proceeds of $9.4 million and net cash proceeds of $8.6 million to us after allowing for placement fees and expenses of the offering.

 

A grant for the deployment of solar panels at our Greenridge facility was received from the Commonwealth Financing Authority of Pennsylvania. The project was completed and was signed off on in February of 2012 and the final $41,171 was collected in May of 2012. The solar panels provide an energy offset to power used in our Greenridge building.

 

In May of 2012, we were awarded a $150,000 Phase I grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to fund a commercialization plan for the use of its PbC batteries in a “low-cost, high-efficiency” dual battery architecture for micro-hybrid vehicles. We have begun work on this nine month Phase I grant, the completion of which will enable us to apply for a Phase II grant. We were advised that approximately ten percent of the Phase I grant applicants were accepted and received awards. It has been confirmed to us that Phase II grants, of approximately $1,000,000 each, will be made to approximately fifty percent of the applying applicants. Phase II grants normally will not exceed 24 months and those successfully completing Phase II grants will be eligible to apply for Phase III grants which it is our understanding will have award sizes several times the size of the Phase II grants. As of December 31, 2012, $74,878 of the Phase I grant money was billed and received.

 

Our Business and Products

 

More than eight years have been devoted to research and development on various aspects of our PbC technology. Our work has focused on developing our intellectual property, characterizing baseline performance, developing proprietary treatment processes for the activated carbon we use in our electrodes, developing proprietary designs and manufacturing techniques for electrode assemblies and fabricating a series of material and design evaluation prototypes that range from single cell to multi-cell batteries.

 

Our PbC energy storage device is a hybrid battery supercapacitor that combines the simplicity of lead-acid batteries with the faster recharge rate, longer cycle life and greater charge acceptance of supercapacitors. The result is a relatively low cost device that has versatility of design that will allow differing iterations to deliver maximum power; maximum energy; or a range of balances between the two. 

 

6
 

 

Our PbC technology is protected by thirteen issued U.S. patents and other proprietary features and structures and we typically have a number of additional patent applications in process at any point in time. The resulting devices are technically sophisticated and yet simple in design. The carbon negative electrode assemblies are fabricated from readily available raw materials using, for the most part, standard industrial processes and techniques. The PbC negative electrodes that are then assembled into PbC batteries can employ the same cases, covers, positive electrodes, separators and electrolyte that are used in conventional lead-acid batteries. Our PbC batteries can be assembled with the same equipment and methodology used throughout the world for manufacturing conventional lead-acid batteries. PbC batteries use significantly less lead than standard lead-acid batteries with a comparable footprint, and the lead, plastics and acid employed, just like lead-acid batteries, can be routinely and profitably recycled at existing recycling facilities around the world. As is the case with the lead-acid battery, we expect that in the United States our PbC battery will be fully recycled 99.1% of the time (United States Environmental Protection Agency, Solid Waste and Energy Response [5306P]).

  

We believe our advanced battery technologies are uniquely situated to answer the current challenges facing the lead acid battery industry and the battery industry, including the new chemistries (such as lithium-ion, nickel metal hydride, etc.) as a whole. While we explore the various potential applications for our PbC technology, two facilities in New Castle, Pennsylvania provide us with both an excellent R&D facility and a production plant in which to produce our advanced energy storage devices. In manufacturing our PbC battery using conventional lead-acid battery production methods, we provide proof to our future PbC negative electrode customers that our product is suitable to immediate use in their factories.

 

The PbC battery production was limited by our inability to make the carbon electrodes in large numbers and with full automated quality control. As part of our plan to transition from pilot production of PbC negative electrodes to commercial manufacturing, in 2010 we entered into a long term lease for an additional New Castle, Pennsylvania facility that we had been subleasing since 2008 (our Green Ridge Road facility). This 45,000 square foot facility currently houses our Gen II robotic PbC negative electrode production line. In addition, during this transition we:

 

·refined our fabrication methods for carbon sheeting, packet assembly and other key components of our carbon electrode assemblies;

 

·demonstrated the feasibility of manufacturing our PbC device and our other technologies, using standard techniques and equipment;

 

·demonstrated that the proper quality control can be achieved on our robotic PbC negative electrode manufacturing line;

 

·demonstrated and documented the performance of our products in key applications; and

 

·Demonstrated that we can respond appropriately to anticipated and unanticipated technical and manufacturing challenges.

 

Our Clover Lane facility has a permitted manufacturing capacity of 3,000 batteries per day, so we currently have excess battery manufacturing capacity. This allows us to dedicate a portion of this production capacity to direct sale high margin specialty batteries that are required in relatively small numbers, as well as have the flexibility to respond to industry requests to provide contract manufacturing. We are also able to respond quickly as other opportunities to manufacture traditional products present themselves.

 

Meanwhile, we plan to develop our lead carbon technology for use in a variety of applications in different markets including:

 

·Motive Power;

 

·Utility Grid Connected Power;

 

·Standby Power (UPS); and

 

·Military applications. 

 

We believe demand for cost-effective energy storage systems produced using our PbC technology will grow rapidly. We also believe that our technologies can be among the leaders in the high performance battery market, and that our competitive advantages will include:

 

·excellent partial state –of-charge performance when compared to advanced lead acid and lithium ion products;

 

·significantly longer life in string applications with minimal battery management when compared to advanced lead acid;

 

·dramatically better charge acceptance when compared to advanced lead acid;

 

·significantly faster recharge rate when compared to advanced lead acid and lithium ion and other storage chemistries;

 

·significantly longer cycle lives in deep discharge applications when compared to advanced lead acid and similar life when compared to lithium ion;

 

7
 

 

·significantly better ability to be recycled and end of life value ($.30~ value per pound compared to $.45 cost per pound cost to be disposed of compared to lithium ion;

 

We anticipate our ability to establish and maintain a competitive position will be dependent on several factors, including:

 

·the availability of raw materials and key components;

 

·our ability to design and manufacture commercial carbon electrode assemblies;

 

·our ability to establish and operate facilities that can fabricate PbC negative electrode assemblies and commercially manufacture our PbC device with consistent quality at a predictable cost;

 

·our ability to establish and expand a customer base;

 

·our ability to execute and perform on any future strategic distribution agreements with tier one and/or tier two battery manufacturers;

 

·our ability to compete against established, emerging, and other storage technologies;

 

·the market for batteries in general; and

 

·our ability to retain key personnel.

 

Our objective is to become an industry leader in the development and production of components for low cost, high performance energy storage systems. We plan to achieve this objective by pursuing the following core strategies:

 

·Platform technology business model. We plan to implement a platform technology business model that will focus on developing and manufacturing carbon electrode assemblies that we can offer for sale to established battery manufacturers who want to use our PbC carbon electrode products in their batteries.

 

·Leverage relationships with thought leaders. We are engaged in discussions with industry consortia, research institutions, automotive OEM’s, rail transportation providers and other thought leaders in the fields of utility applications and hybrid electric vehicle technology. As we develop our relationships in the field of energy research, we believe the opportunities for government funding and consortia participation will expand and improve our access to potential suppliers and customers.

 

·Leverage relationships with battery manufacturers. Our business model is based on the premise that, as we continue forward, we can most effectively address the needs of the market by selling PbC negative electrode assemblies to established lead-acid battery manufacturers who want to add advanced battery technology to their existing product lines. This business model should allow us to leverage the business abilities, manufacturing facilities and distribution networks of established manufacturers in order to reduce our time to market and increase our potential market penetration.

 

·Build a recognized brand. We believe strong brand name recognition is important in order to increase product awareness and to effectively penetrate the mass market. We intend to differentiate our brand by emphasizing our combination of high performance and low total cost of ownership per storage cycle.

 

·Focus on specific markets. Markets for motive power, utility grid connected power, standby power (UPS) and military applications are becoming increasingly attractive. We are actively pursuing the use of our lead carbon technology products in these emerging market sectors.

 

·Maintain our technical advantage and reduce manufacturing costs. We intend to maintain our technical advantage by continuing to invest in R&D in order to improve the performance of our PbC devices and other technologies and to continue to lower our manufacturing costs. Our R&D focus will now be working with prospective customers on the commercial application of our PbC technology to fit their unique requirements`

 

 The battery industry is mature, capital intensive, heavily regulated, highly competitive and averse to product performance risks associated with radical departures from established technology. We do not believe we will be able to make a credible entry into the battery market until we continue to prove the advantages of our PbC device technology in projects with end users in our targeted markets. Therefore, our business plan contemplates two discrete phases: the development phase (including prototype and demonstration) and the commercialization phase. 

 

8
 

 

Commercialization Phase. During the commercialization phase, formally begun in 2012, we started to implement a platform technology business model where we will develop and manufacture the PbC carbon electrode assemblies that are unique to our PbC batteries. In addition to using these assemblies in our batteries, we eventually intend to sell our proprietary assemblies to other established battery manufacturers who are seeking to market more advanced batteries. We believe a platform technology business model will reduce our time to market, allow us to rely on the established business abilities of existing manufacturers and forge a strong brand identity for our PbC products, while, at the same time, allowing us to focus on a narrow band of value-added activities that should minimize our investment and maximize our profitability.

 

Until we complete initial planned commercial projects in our targeted markets, our negotiation position with respect to developing customer relationships with established battery manufacturers may be impaired. Even if our initial planned commercial projects are successful, we may be unable to negotiate manufacturing relationships on terms acceptable to us.

 

We plan to initially focus on high-value market segments where the total cost of ownership is the primary determining factor in product selection. We believe our commercial PbC device will be most appealing where longer life, high performance, and low maintenance are fully valued.

 

Our Patents and Intellectual Property

 

We own thirteen issued U.S. patents at the date of this report covering various aspects of our PbC technologies, and we typically have a number of patent applications in process at any point in time. There is no assurance that any of the pending patent applications will ultimately be granted. Our issued patents are:

 

·        U.S. Patent No. 6,466,429 (expires May 2021) - Electric double layer capacitor;

·        U.S. Patent No. 6,628,504 (expires May 2021) - Electric double layer capacitor;

·        U.S. Patent No. 6,706,079 (expires May 2022) - Method of formation and charge of the negative polarizable carbon electrode in an electric double layer capacitor;

·        U.S. Patent No. 7,006,346 (expires April 2024) - Positive Electrode of an electric double layer capacitor;

·        U.S. Patent No. 7,110,242 (expires February 2021) - Electrode for electric double layer capacitor and method of fabrication thereof;

·        U.S. Patent No. 7,119,047 (expires February 2021) - Modified activated carbon for carbon for capacitor electrodes and method of fabrication thereof;

·        U.S. Patent No. 7,569,514 (expires May 22, 2021) - Method of Fabrication of Modified Activated Carbon

·        U.S. Patent No. 7,881,042(expires March 2027) – Activated Carbon Electrode with PTFE B

·        U.S. Patent No. 8,023,251(expires November 2028) – Hybrid Energy Storage Device and Method of Making Same

·        U.S. Patent No. 7,998,616(expires February 2028) – Negative Electrode for a Hybrid Energy Storage Device

·        U.S. Patent No. 8,202,653 (expires February 2028) – Electrode Grid Structure

·        U.S. Patent No. 8,192,865 (expires October 2027) – Negative Electrode for a Hybrid Energy Storage Device

·        U.S. Patent No. 8,347,468 (expires February 2031) – Method of Making a Current Collector

 

Presently, we have no obligation to pay any royalties or license fees with respect to the commercialization of our PbC device technology, and we are not subject to any field of use restrictions. We believe our patents and patent applications, along with our trade secrets, know-how and other intellectual property, will be critical to our success.

 

Our ability to compete effectively with other companies will depend on our ability to maintain and protect the PbC device intellectual property and technology. We plan to file additional patent applications in the future. However, the degree of protection offered by our existing patents or the likelihood that our future applications will be granted, or the degree of protection afforded by future patents, if granted, is uncertain. Competitors in both the United States and foreign countries, many of which have substantially greater resources and have made substantial investment in competing technologies, may have, or may apply for and obtain patents that will prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make and sell products based on our PbC device technology. Competitors may also intentionally infringe on our patents. The prosecution and defense of patent litigation is both costly and time-consuming, even if the outcome is favorable to us. An adverse outcome in the defense of a patent infringement suit could subject us to significant liabilities to third parties and prevent us from using all or any portion of the technology covered by such a patent. Although third parties have not asserted any infringement claims against us, there is no assurance that third parties will not assert such claims in the future.

 

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We also rely on trade secrets and know-how, and there is no assurance that others will not independently develop the same or similar technology or obtain unauthorized access to our trade secrets, know-how and other unpatented technology. To protect our rights in these areas, we require all employees, consultants, advisors and collaborators to enter into strict confidentiality agreements. These agreements may not provide meaningful protection for our unpatented technology in the event of an unauthorized use, misappropriation or disclosure. While we have attempted to protect the unpatented proprietary technology that we develop or acquire, and will continue to attempt to protect future proprietary technology through patents, copyrights and trade secrets, we believe that our success will depend, to a large extent, upon continued innovation and technological expertise.

 

We may need to license additional technologies to optimize the performance of our products. We may not be able to license these technologies on commercially reasonable terms or at all. In addition, we may fail to successfully integrate any licensed technology into our proposed products. Our inability to obtain any necessary licenses could delay our product development and testing until alternative technologies can be identified, licensed and integrated.

 

In general, the level of protection afforded by a patent is directly proportional to the ability of the patent owner to protect and enforce those rights through legal action. Since our financial resources are limited, and patent litigation can be both expensive and time consuming, there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully prosecute an infringement claim in the event that a competitor develops a technology or introduces a product that infringes on one or more of our patents or patent applications. There can be no assurance that our competitors will not independently develop other technologies that render our proposed products obsolete. In general, we believe the best protection of our proprietary technology will come from market position, technical innovation, speed-to-market, and product performance. There is no assurance that we will realize any benefit from our intellectual property rights.

 

Our Competition

 

Our PbC technology is potentially competitive with technologies being developed by a number of new and established companies engaged in the manufacture of storage devices or components for storage devices. In addition, many universities, research institutions and other companies are developing advanced energy storage technologies including:

 

·symmetric supercapacitors;
·asymmetric supercapacitors with organic electrolytes;
·nickel metal hydride batteries;
·lithium-ion batteries;
·other advanced lead-acid devices; and
·flow batteries.

  

Other business entities are developing advanced energy production technologies like fuel cells, solar cells and windmills which may use our products, or, in some cases, compete with our products. Since some of our competitors are developing technologies that may ultimately have costs similar to, or lower than, our projected costs, there can be no assurance we will be able to compete effectively.

  

Our competitors with more diversified product offerings may be better positioned to withstand changing market conditions. Some of our competitors own, partner with, have longer term or stronger relationships with suppliers of raw materials and components, which could result in them being able to obtain raw materials on a more favorable basis than us. It is possible that new competitors or alliances among existing competitors could emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share, which would harm our business.

 

The development of technology, equipment and manufacturing techniques and the operation of a facility for the automated production of rechargeable batteries require large capital expenditures. In order to minimize our capital investment in manufacturing facilities and establish strong brand name recognition for our products, our overall strategy is to negotiate strategic alliances and other production agreements with established battery manufacturers that want to add high-performance co-branded products to their existing product lines. There can be no assurance, however, that our PbC platform technology business model will succeed in the battery industry.

 

Raw Materials

 

During the research stage, we used readily available raw materials, off-the-shelf components manufactured by others and hand-made components fabricated by our staff. When we begin manufacturing our PbC products in large commercial quantities, we will need to establish reliable supply channels for commercial quantities of raw materials and components. We believe established suppliers of raw materials and components will be able to satisfy our requirements on a timely basis. However, we do not have any long-term supply contracts and the unavailability of necessary raw materials or components could delay the production of our products and adversely impact our results of operations.

 

Lead is the primary raw material in lead-acid batteries and currently accounts for 80% of our raw material and component costs in the specialty conventional lead-acid batteries we now manufacture. Lead prices have fluctuated dramatically over the last three years, similar to other industrial grade commodity metals. Although our PbC battery does not require as much lead as a conventional lead-acid battery, lead is still a major raw material component.

 

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Environmental Protection

 

Lead is a toxic material that is a primary raw material in our PbC batteries. We also use, generate and discharge other toxic, volatile and hazardous chemicals and wastes in our research, development and manufacturing activities. We comply with federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding pollution control and environmental protection. Under some statutes and regulations, a government agency, or other parties, may seek to recover response costs from operators of property where releases of hazardous substances have occurred or are ongoing, even if the operator was not responsible for such release or otherwise at fault. In addition, more stringent laws and regulations may be adopted in the future, and the costs of complying with those laws and regulations could be substantial. If we fail to control the use of, or to adequately restrict the discharge of, hazardous substances, we could be subject to significant monetary damages and fines, or forced to suspend certain operations. Our facility was previously tested and found to be in compliance with emission standards as established by new federal guidelines in accordance with the Clean Air Act – Title III.

 

Our Research and Development

 

We engage in extensive R&D activities for the purpose of improving our PbC technology and our proposed products. Our goal is to continue to increase efficiency and reduce costs in order to maximize our competitive advantage. Our R&D organization works closely with our engineering and business development teams, our suppliers and our potential customers to improve our product design and lower manufacturing costs. Going forward R&D will be primarily focused working with prospective customers to determine how our PbC technology best fits their unique requirements. During 2012 and 2011, we spent $4.9 million and $5.1 million, respectively, on R&D. While our limited financial resources and brief operating history makes it difficult for us to estimate our future expenditures, we expect to incur R&D expenditures of consistent magnitude for the foreseeable future.

 

Our Employees

 

As of December 31, 2012 we employed a staff of 80, including an 11 member scientific and engineering team, and 53 people who are involved principally in manufacturing. We are not subject to any collective bargaining agreements, and we believe we have a good relationship with our employees.

 

Description of Properties

 

On March 28, 2010, we renewed our lease for existing space at our manufacturing plant located at 3601 Clover Lane in New Castle, Pennsylvania. The salient terms of the renewal lease are as follows:

 

·The term commenced on April 3, 2010 with an initial term of three years.
·The renewal lease may be extended for two successive five-year renewal options with future rent to be negotiated at a commercially reasonable rate.
·The battery manufacturing facility includes 70,438 square feet of floor space, including 7,859 square feet of office, locker, lab and lunch area, 46,931 square feet of manufacturing space, 1,488 square feet of dedicated lab space, 9,200 square feet of storage buildings and 5,000 square feet of basement area.
·The rental amount for the initial term is $16,700 per month, which is fixed through 2013. In addition to the monthly rental, we are obligated to pay all required maintenance costs, taxes and special assessments, maintain public liability insurance, and maintain fire and casualty insurance for an amount equal to 100% of the replacement value of the leased premises.
·On May 26, 2011 we executed an addendum to the existing lease agreement which resulted in the lease of an additional 2,160 square feet of additional space for $500.00 per month. There were no other changes to the existing lease.
·With the execution of the addendum we now lease 72,598 square feet for a monthly rent of $17,200.

 

On November 4, 2010, the Company entered into a Commercial Lease (“Lease”) with Becan Development, LLC (“Lessor”) to lease a 45,000 square foot building, located at 209 Green Ridge Road in New Castle PA, (the “Property”), which the Company currently occupies to house various offices and manufacturing facilities. The salient terms of the Lease are as follows:

 

·The Lease term commenced on January 1, 2011 and the term expires on December 31, 2015.
·The Lease may be extended for two 5-year terms, by giving notice not less than 30 nor more than 120 days before the expiration of the initial term or first renewal term (as applicable). The renewal leases shall be on terms substantially similar to the terms of the initial Lease except for any adjustment to rent, if warranted, as mutually agreed upon by Lessor and the Company.

 

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·The rental amount for the initial term is $19,297 per month and is on a “triple net” basis.
·If the Company is able to obtain sufficient funding from either the federal or state government or agencies, and it enters into a binding agreement to purchase the Property, the Lease shall be immediately terminated and Lessor shall credit the most recent 6 months of actual rental payments made to Lessor against the purchase price of the Property
·The Company also has a right of first refusal to purchase the property within 30 days of receipt of notice of a third party offer from Lessor upon substantially the same terms as those offered by the third party
·The Lease contains market terms on standard provisions such as defaults and maintenance

 

Item 1A Risk Factors

 

Investing in our common stock is very speculative and involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider all of the information in this report before making an investment decision. The following are among the risks we face related to our business, assets and operations. They are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also arise. Any of these risks could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition, which in turn could materially and adversely affect the trading price of our common stock. You should not purchase our shares unless you can afford to lose your entire investment.

 

There is an addition to the risk factors disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012 as follows:

 

Our business may not be able to continue as a going concern and we will need to raise additional capital to continue operations beyond April 30, 2013.

 

We believe that our current financial resources will support ongoing operations, working capital, and capital expenditures through the first four months of 2013. However, we will not be able to continue operations beyond April 30, 2013 without raising additional financing. We do not believe that we will be able to sufficiently increase our revenues to cover our costs of operations, working capital, and capital expenditures without raising additional capital.  We cannot assure you that any additional capital will be available to us on favorable terms, or at all. If we are unable to obtain additional capital when needed, our research, development and testing, and other pre-commercialization activities will be materially and adversely affected, and we may be unable to take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures or to continue our operations at all beyond April 30, 2013. The inability to raise capital in sufficient amounts and on acceptable terms would have a material adverse effect on our ability to continue operations and could result in our inability to continue as a going concern which would mean that we would need to wind down our business.

 

We are subject to stringent environmental regulation.

 

We use or generate certain hazardous substances in our research and manufacturing facilities. We do not carry environmental impairment insurance. We believe that all permits and licenses required for our current business activities are in place. Although we do not know of any material environmental, safety or health problems in our property or processes, there can be no assurance that problems will not develop in the future which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operation, or financial condition. 

 

Our products contain hazardous materials including lead.

 

Lead is a toxic material that is a primary raw material in our batteries. We also use, generate and discharge other toxic, volatile and hazardous chemicals and wastes in our research, development and manufacturing activities. We are required to comply with federal, state and local laws and regulations regarding pollution control and environmental protection. Under some statutes and regulations, a government agency, or other parties, may seek to recover response costs from operators of property where releases of hazardous substances have occurred or are ongoing, even if the operator was not responsible for such release or otherwise at fault. In addition, more stringent laws and regulations may be adopted in the future, and the costs of complying with those laws and regulations could be substantial. If we fail to control the use of, or inadequately restrict the discharge of, hazardous substances, we could be subject to significant monetary damages and fines, or be forced to suspend certain operations.

 

As we sell our products, we may become the subject of product liability claims.

 

Due to the hazardous nature of many of the key materials used in the manufacturing of our batteries, the producers of such products may be exposed to a greater number of product liability claims, including possible environmental claims. We currently have product liability insurance up to $1,000,000 per occurrence and $5,000,000 in the aggregate to protect us against the risk that in the future a product liability claim or product recall could materially and adversely affect our business operations. Inability to obtain sufficient insurance coverage at an acceptable cost or otherwise to protect against potential product liability claims could prevent or inhibit the commercialization of our product. We cannot assure you that as we continue distribution of our products that we will be able to obtain or maintain adequate coverage on acceptable terms, or that such insurance will provide adequate coverage against all potential claims. Even if we maintain adequate insurance, any successful claim could materially and adversely affect our reputation and prospects, and divert management’s time and attention. If we are sued for any injury allegedly caused by our future products our liability could exceed our total assets and our ability to pay such liability.

 

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We depend on key personnel, and our business may be severely disrupted if we lose the services of our key executives, employees, and consultants.

 

Our business is dependent upon the knowledge and experience of our key scientists, engineers, manufacturing staff and executive officers. Given the competitive nature of our industry, there is the risk that one or more of our key scientists or engineers will resign their positions, which could have a disruptive impact on our operations. If any of our key scientists, engineers or executive officers do not continue in their present positions, we may not be able to easily replace them and our business may be severely disrupted. If any of these individuals joins a competitor or forms a competing company, we could lose important know-how and experience and incur substantial expense to recruit and train suitable replacements. Our Compensation Committee remains committed to keeping our key team members in place as we move forward into greater commercialization of our PbC product. Currently, all of our key employees have employment contracts that include non-compete provisions.

 

We have limited manufacturing experience with respect to our PbC technology, which may translate into cost overruns in manufacturing our products.

 

We do not have extensive manufacturing experience with respect to production of our commercial PbC negative electrode prototypes in quantities required to achieve our operational goals, and there is no assurance that we will be able to retain a qualified manufacturing staff or effectively manage the manufacturing of our proposed products when we are ready to do so.

 

We began the commercial production of our energy storage devices in 2012. We may in the future experience cost overruns in manufacturing our PbC products, and we may not have sufficient capital in the future to successfully complete such tasks. In addition, we may not be able to manufacture our products because of industry conditions, general economic conditions, and/or competition from potential manufacturers and distributors. These inabilities could cause us to abandon our current business plan and may cause our operations to eventually fail.

 

Risks related to our PbC Technology

 

We need to continue to improve the performance of our commercial PbC products before we commit to achieve large scale production.

 

We need to continue to improve various aspects of our PbC technology as we move forward with larger scale production of our commercial prototypes. There is no assurance that we will be able to resolve technical issues. Future developments may reveal additional technical issues that are not currently recognized as obstacles. If we cannot continue to improve the performance of our products in a timely manner, we may be forced to redesign or delay large scale production or possibly abandon our product development efforts altogether.

 

 We do not have any long-term vendor contracts.

 

We currently purchase the raw materials for our carbon electrodes and a variety of other components from third parties. We then fabricate our carbon electrodes and build our products in-house. We do not have any long-term contracts with suppliers of raw materials and components, and our current suppliers may be unable to satisfy our future requirements on a timely basis. Moreover, the price of purchased raw materials and components could fluctuate significantly due to circumstances beyond our control. If our current suppliers are unable to satisfy our long-term requirements on a timely basis, we may be required to seek alternative sources for necessary materials and components or redesign our proposed products to accommodate available substitutes.

 

We will be a small player in an intensely competitive market and may be unable to compete.

 

The lead-acid battery industry is large, intensely competitive and resistant to technological change. Even if our product development efforts are successful, we will have to compete or enter into further strategic relationships with well-established companies that are much larger and have greater financial capital and other resources than we do. We may be unable to convince end users that products based on our PbC technology are superior to available alternatives. Moreover, if competitors introduce similar products, they may have a greater ability to withstand price competition and finance their marketing programs. There is no assurance that we will be able to compete effectively.

 

13
 

 

To the extent we enter into strategic relationships, we will be dependent upon our partners.

 

Some of our products are not intended for direct sale to end users and our business may require us to enter into strategic relationships with manufacturers of other power industry equipment that use batteries and other energy storage devices as important components of their finished products. The agreements governing any future strategic relationships may not provide us with control over the activities of any strategic relationship we negotiate and our future partners, if any, could retain the right to terminate the strategic relationship at their option. Our future partners will have significant discretion in determining the efforts and level of resources that they dedicate to our products and may be unwilling or unable to fulfill their obligations to us. In addition, our future partners may develop and commercialize, either alone or with others, products that are similar to or competitive with the products that we intend to produce.

 

Risks relating to our intellectual property

 

We may rely on licenses for our PbC technology, which may affect our continued operations with respect thereto.

 

As we develop our PbC technology, we may need to license additional technologies to optimize the performance of our products. We may not be able to license these technologies on commercially reasonable terms or at all. In addition, we may fail to successfully integrate any licensed technology into our proposed products. Our inability to obtain any necessary licenses could delay our product development and testing until alternative technologies can be identified, licensed and integrated. The inability to obtain any necessary third-party licenses could cause us to abandon a particular development path, which could seriously harm our business, financial position and results of our operations.

 

New technology may lead to our competitors developing superior products which would reduce demand for our products.

 

Research into the electrochemical applications for carbon nanotechnology and other storage technologies is proceeding at a rapid pace, and many private and public companies and research institutions are actively engaged in the development of new battery technologies based on carbon nanotubes, nanostructured carbon materials and other non-carbon materials. These new technologies may, if successfully developed, offer significant performance or price advantages when compared with our technologies. There is no assurance that our existing patents or our pending and proposed patent applications will offer meaningful protection if a competitor develops a novel product based on a new technology.

 

If we are unable to protect our proprietary technology and preserve our trade secrets, we will increase our vulnerability to competitors which could materially adversely impact our ability to remain in business.

 

Our ability to successfully commercialize our products will depend on our ability to protect those products and our technology with domestic and foreign patents. We will also need to continue to preserve our trade secrets. The issuance of a patent is not conclusive as to its validity or as to the enforceable scope of the claims of the patent. The patent positions of technology companies, including us, are uncertain and involve complex legal and factual issues.

 

We cannot assure you that our patents will prevent other companies from developing similar products or products which produce benefits substantially the same as our products, or that other companies will not be issued patents that may prevent the sale of our products or require us to pay significant licensing fees in order to market our products.  

 

From time to time, we may need to obtain licenses to patents and other proprietary rights held by third parties in order to develop, manufacture and market our products. If we are unable to timely obtain these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, our ability to commercially exploit such products may be inhibited or prevented. Additionally, we cannot assure investors that any of our products or technology will be patentable or that any future patents we obtain will give us an exclusive position in the subject matter claimed by those patents. Furthermore, we cannot assure investors that our pending patent applications will result in issued patents, that patent protection will be secured for any particular technology, or that our issued patents will be valid or enforceable or provide us with meaningful protection.

 

If we are required to engage in expensive and lengthy litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights, the costs of such litigation could be material to our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity and, if we are unsuccessful, the results of such litigation could materially adversely impact our entire business.

 

We may find it necessary to initiate litigation to enforce our patent rights, to protect our trade secrets or know-how or to determine the scope and validity of the proprietary rights of others. We plan to aggressively defend our proprietary technology and any issued patents if funding is available to do so. Litigation concerning patents, trademarks, copyrights and proprietary technologies can often be time-consuming and expensive and, as with litigation generally, the outcome is inherently uncertain.

 

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Although we have entered into invention assignment agreements with our employees and with certain advisors, if those employees or advisors develop inventions or processes independently which may relate to products or technology under development by us, disputes may also arise about the ownership of those inventions or processes. Time-consuming and costly litigation could be necessary to enforce and determine the scope of our rights under these agreements.

 

We also rely on confidentiality agreements with our strategic partners, customers, suppliers, employees and consultants to protect our trade secrets and proprietary know-how. We may be required to commence litigation to enforce such agreements, and it is certainly possible that we will not have adequate remedies for breaches of our confidentiality agreements.

 

Other companies may claim that our technology infringes on their intellectual property or proprietary rights and commence legal proceedings against us which could be time-consuming and expensive and could result in our being prohibited from developing, marketing, selling or distributing our products.

 

Because of the complex and difficult legal and factual questions that relate to patent positions in our industry, we cannot assure you that our products or technology will not be found to infringe upon the intellectual property or proprietary rights of others. Third parties may claim that our products or technology infringe on their patents, copyrights, trademarks or other proprietary rights and demand that we cease development or marketing of those products or technology or pay license fees. We may not be able to avoid costly patent infringement litigation, which will divert the attention of management away from the development of new products and the operation of our business. We cannot assure investors that we would prevail in any such litigation. If we are found to have infringed on a third party’s intellectual property rights, we may be liable for money damages, encounter significant delays in bringing products to market or be precluded from manufacturing particular products or using particular technology.

 

Other parties may challenge certain of our foreign patent applications. If such parties are successful in opposing our foreign patent applications, we may not gain the protection afforded by those patent applications in particular jurisdictions and may face additional proceedings with respect to similar patents in other jurisdictions, as well as related patents. The loss of patent protection in one jurisdiction may influence our ability to maintain patent protection for the same technology in other jurisdictions.

 

Risks relating to our common stock

 

We have issued a large number of warrants and options, which if exercised would substantially increase the number of common shares outstanding.

 

On February 28, 2013, we had 113,290,364 shares of common stock outstanding, and (a) we have warrants outstanding that, if fully exercised, would generate proceeds of $9,720,623 and cause us to issue up to an additional 11,712,315 shares of common stock, with 1,085,714 of these warrants classified as derivative liabilities, and (b) we have options outstanding to purchase common stock that, if fully exercised, would generate proceeds of $6,920,017 and result in the issuance of an additional 4,076,145 shares of common stock.

 

As a key component of our growth strategy we have provided and intend to continue offering compensation packages to our management and employees that emphasize equity-based compensation and would thus cause further dilution.

 

Our stock price may not stabilize at current levels.

 

Our common stock is quoted on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board. Since trading in our common stock began in January 2004, trading has been sporadic, trading volumes have been low and the market price has been volatile. The closing price reported as of March 6, 2013, the latest practicable date, was $0.32 per share. Current quotations are not necessarily a reliable indicator of value and there is no assurance that the market price of our stock will stabilize at or near current levels.

 

Item 2 Properties

 

The terms of the Leases are set forth above in Item 1. Business (Description of Properties).

 

Item 3 Legal Proceedings

 

From time to time, we are involved in lawsuits, claims, investigations and proceedings, including pending opposition proceedings involving patents that arise in the ordinary course of business. There are no matters pending that we expect to have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

 

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Item 4 Mine Safety Disclosures

 

Not Applicable

 

PART II

 

Item 5 Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Market information

 

Our common stock trades on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board under the symbol “AXPW”.  Trading in our common stock has historically been sporadic, trading volumes have been low, and the market price has been volatile.

 

The following table shows the range of high and low bid prices for our common stock as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board. The quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail markup, markdown or commission and may not represent actual transactions.

 

Period  High   Low 
First Quarter 2011  $1.27   $0.55 
Second Quarter 2011  $1.20   $0.60 
Third Quarter 2011  $0.73   $0.42 
Fourth Quarter 2011  $0.55   $0.25 
First Quarter 2012  $0.64   $0.28 
Second Quarter 2012  $0.47   $0.30 
Third Quarter 2012  $0.36   $0.25 
Fourth Quarter 2012  $0.34   $0.20 

 

On March 6, 2013, the sale price for our common stock as reported on the Over the Counter Bulletin Board was $0.32 per share.

 

Securities outstanding and holders of record

 

On December 31, 2012 there were 406 holders of record for our common stock and 113,260,006 shares of our common stock outstanding.

 

Dividends

 

We have never paid dividends.

 

Information respecting equity compensation plans

 

Summary Equity Compensation Plan Information: The following table provides summary information on our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2012:

 

Equity Compensation Plan category:  Number of shares
Issuable on exercise of
Outstanding options		   Weighted  average
exercise price of
outstanding options		   Number of shares
available for future
issuance under
equity
compensation  plans		 
Compensation plans approved by stockholders               
2004 Incentive Stock Plan   -   $-    2,000,000 
2004 Directors’ Option Plan   759,901   $1.01    24,256 
                
Compensation not approved by stockholders               
Options held by officers, employees, and consultants   1,340,500   $2.38    210,534 
2010 Employees and Officers Stock Option Plan   1,975,744    1.50    1,379,000 
Total equity awards   4,076,145   $1.70      

 

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The Company has two stockholder approved equity compensation plans, and on September 28, 2010, the board of directors amended the 2004 Director’s Option Plan without stockholder approval. For certain positions, the Company enters into employment and other contracts that provide for equity compensation arrangements other than those contemplated by the stockholder approved plans.

 

Item 7 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes that are set forth in our financial statements elsewhere in this annual report.

 

Overview

 

Axion Power International, Inc. (the “Company”, Axion, “we”, “our”, or “us”) is a company whose primary purpose is to develop, design, manufacture and sell advanced energy storage devices and components that are based on our patented PbC Technology™. In addition we manufacture standard and specialty lead-acid batteries. Our new PbC® batteries and components, which are manufactured primarily through the use of activated carbon as an alternative to lead in the battery’s negative electrode, have application virtually all energy system storage functions. It is the Company’s long term goal to become a primary supply source of PbC negative electrodes to established battery manufacturers.  

 

From 2003 through 2012, we have received $69.2 million in cash generated from financing activities of which $67.1 million was used to fund research and development activities, capital expenditures, infrastructure, operations and working capital.

 

Key Performance Indicators, Material Trends and Uncertainties

 

We utilize appropriate non-financial measures to evaluate the performance of our R&D and engineering activities and projects with prospective customers. Our demonstration projects entail extended periods of time to assess our energy devices over multiple charge and discharge cycles. Further, the results of our demonstration projects do not lend themselves to simple measurement and presentation.

  

The three most significant financial metric for our business as we moved into our initial commercialization phase in 2012 are:

·Revenue growth of our PbC technologies.
·Extracting an acceptable and competitive level of operating profit from our revenue (as measured by EBITDA).
·Ensuring we can access the growth capital required to fund our short and long-term business requirements.

 

We believe we will need to continue to characterize and perfect our products through working with prospective customers in a limited number of projects before moving into full commercial production. While the results of this work are moving toward that goal, we cannot provide assurances that the products will be successful in their present design or that further R&D will not be needed. The successful completion of present and future characterization and demonstration projects is critical to the development and acceptance of our technology.

 

We must continue to improve methodologies for manufacturing carbon electrode assemblies for our energy storage devices in commercial quantities. While we have assembled an engineering team that we believe can accomplish this goal, and are adding to it as we go forward, there is no assurance that we will be able to successfully commercialize our produce in large quantities.

 

Financing Activities

 

There were no financing activities during 2011. On February 3, 2012, the Company completed a registered direct common stock offering providing gross proceeds of approximately $9.4 million and net proceeds were approximately $8.6 million after the expenses of the offering and placement fees.

 

Award Activities: Grants and Contracts

 

The $298,605 solar energy program grant from the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development was completed during 2011. Final payment of $41,171 was received in May of 2012.

 

In May of 2012, we were awarded a $150,000 Phase I grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to fund a commercialization plan for the use of its PbC batteries in a “low-cost, high-efficiency” dual battery architecture for micro-hybrid vehicles. We completed a substantial amount of work on this program in 2012 and successfully completed review of that work and of our overall program. We plan on applying for Phase II early in the 2nd quarter of 2013. We were advised that approximately ten percent of the Phase I grant applicants were accepted and received awards. It has been confirmed to us that Phase II grants, of approximately $1,000,000 each, will be made to approximately fifty percent of the applying applicants that have successfully completed Phase I. Phase II grants normally will not exceed 24 months and those successfully completing Phase II grants will be eligible to apply for Phase III grants which it is our understanding will have award sizes several times the size of the Phase II grants. In December of 2012, Axion invoiced and received payment for $74,878 from this grant.

 

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Results of Operations

 

Our strategy for some time has been to utilize traditional production to train our work force, test our systems and incorporate quality improvements that we believe will ultimately benefit future PbC production. We continued that strategy in 2012.

 

Software improvements and mechanical tweaking continued to improve throughput on our automated robotic electrode production line in 2012. We are currently satisfied with the production from this line and we will utilize what we have learned in future electrode production lines. The line currently runs end to end and provides us more than enough capacity for our short term needs.

 

We continued work on our automated “continuous roll carbon sheeting” line in 2012 and made enormous improvements to the process both in terms of thru-put and quality control. We completed this line in the first quarter of 2013 and began producing carbon sheeting for our PbC batteries. This is a giant leap forward for us and the last step in automating our negative carbon electrode manufacturing. Completion of this line brings us quality control, meaningful production quantities (this line currently outpaces the full electrode production line while utilizing one shift) and significant labor cost reduction. A crew of two running this line can produce more carbon sheet product than could our previous crew of ten operating a manual process. In addition, utilizing this line has resulted in no loss of carbon sheet “energy capacity”. In fact it has resulted in a modest gain due in part to the more uniform disbursement of activated carbon in the sheet. The waste created by the process has also been reduced. The obvious result of commissioning this line is an improved product at a reduced cost.

 

Work continues with the hybrid vehicle manufacturers we have been working with for the past several years. Third party testing continues under protocol developed with our longest standing OEM partner. We have also been in discussions with a new top 5 vehicle manufacturer regarding partnering with them on advanced stage testing of a two battery system. As we have previously reported, the interest of several OEM’s has been fueled by our White Paper that highlights the importance of “charge acceptance” in battery products designed for the micro hybrid and stop start markets.

 

Our onsite PowerCube™ (“Cube”) project continues to respond to signals from the grid in conjunction with our partnership arrangement with Viridity and PJM. There is a high interest level in our Cube technology for several applications. In addition to dispatchable power, we will be proving out the Cube’s ability to provide power quality, back- up power, power smoothing, and load leveling. Our .5MW Cube is a building block size unit that can easily be scaled up or down.

 

We continue to evaluate the market for smaller Cubes for residential and community storage and larger Cubes for utilities, oil rigs and other larger applications such as solar and wind.

 

Other highlights for 2012 included:

 

·In January, we were awarded a purchase order from Siltek, Inc. confirming their participation in a Zero Energy Building in the Washington D.C. Naval Yard. We completed and commissioned this project in August of 2012. Axion has provided an array of its PbC batteries, system electronics and battery management system that together will serve as an example of Axion’s “mini-cube” and, together with our onsite PowerCube, it has brought us numerous new requests for proposals, on and off shore, encompassing cube sizes from 50 kwh up to 4MWH.

 

·In March 2011, we announced that we had received a series of orders for the production and immediate delivery of flooded lead-acid batteries. The batteries are purchaser branded, and do not carry an Axion Power identification label. Orders through the end of 2012 were 100% on time. We have been advised by the purchaser that their purchase of these products is expected to continue in 2013.

 

·On April 26th, Norfolk Southern (“NS”) issued us an order for the first $400,000 of a $475,000 total purchase order for PbC batteries for use in their initial all electric, battery powered “yard slug” locomotive. In October we received a purchase order for the remaining $75,000. In December we shipped the remainder of the batteries to NS to complete this purchase order. On a parallel path, development of an “over the road” hybrid locomotive continues. As part of our agreement with NS, Penn State University is performing duplicate string testing on our PbC batteries that so far have confirmed our claims of string “self equalization”. Simply stated, this means that one of the unique characteristics of our PbC batteries is its inherent ability to equalize battery (even cell) voltage during charging at any rate. This is particularly important when the PbC is used in large string configurations (such as the locomotive, or the PowerCube) where the string is only as strong as its weakest (lowest voltage) battery (i.e. the string output is reduced by the lowest performing battery). The success of this testing will continue to allow us to expand the locomotive application to include other locomotive end users and locomotive integrators.

 

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·In May, we were awarded a $150,000 Phase I grant from the U.S. Department of Energy to fund a commercialization plan for the use of our PbC batteries in a “low-cost, high-efficiency” dual battery architecture for micro-hybrid vehicles. We have begun work on this nine month Phase I grant, the completion of which will enable us to apply for a Phase II grant. We were advised that approximately ten percent of the Phase I grant applicants were accepted and received awards. It has been confirmed to us that Phase II grants, of approximately $1,000,000 each, will be made to approximately fifty percent of the applying applicants who must first successfully complete their Phase I grant. Phase II grants will not exceed 24 months and those successfully completing Phase II grants will be eligible to apply for Phase III grants, which it is our understanding will have award sizes several times the size of the Phase II grants. As of December 31, 2012, we completed work and received payment for $74,878 (approximately 50% of the grant).

 

·At our annual meeting in June, we announced that we had engaged with a marketing strategic partner, Rosewater Energy, LLC (“Rosewater”) to bring our residential energy “HUB” to market. We feel, once again, that the unique characteristics of our PbC battery (charge acceptance, fast recharge and battery string equalization) make our product ideally suited for this market. In August, we executed an exclusive Global Distribution Agreement (“Agreement”) with Rosewater. Rosewater has proven expertise in the distribution and marketing of electronic systems to the consumer retail markets in the United States and access to a network of installers for such electronic systems which we feel will be beneficial to the distribution of our “HUB”. This Agreement is for a three year term subject to the attainment of agreed upon annual sales objectives. Subsequent to the implementation of this agreement, Axion and Rosewater introduced the residential energy “HUB” at the CEDIA show in Indianapolis (September 2012). The reception of this product was very positive and the “HUB” won two awards at the show including one for ‘best new product’. We look forward to the full marketing of this product in 2013.

 

·August also saw us revisit an initiative that we spent some time on two years earlier. At the urging of our potential customer, and with the full backing of our VP of sales (Vani Dantam), who has an extensive history of providing products to the trucking industry, we began discussions and testing aimed at using our PbC batteries for “boost up-hill performance” and overall voltage control for 18- wheel over the road heavy duty trucks. That process evolved into the October signing of an MOU with ePower that provides for the exclusive use of PbC batteries in all ePower conversions going forward. In December we outfitted a truck with 56 of our batteries and subsequent testing indicates a substantial increase in miles per gallon is possible when combining ePower’s proprietary engine system with Axion’s PbC batteries. The requirements for fast recharge, high rate of charge acceptance and string stability make the PbC the battery of choice in this application.

 

·Also in August, relying further on Vani Dantam’s trucking experience and reputation, we began exploratory talks with an OEM leader in the heavy duty trucking industry. We resurrected an initiative aimed at providing a product that would be a well - suited solution to the issues that arose in the trucking industry because of “anti-idling” legislation. These discussions have further evolved into a stop/start two battery system initiative which has continued into 2013.

Overview

 

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is written to help the reader understand our Company. The MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our unaudited consolidated financial statements, the accompanying consolidated financial statement notes appearing elsewhere in this report and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

·Our primary activity is the development, design, manufacture and marketing of advanced energy storage devices and components that are primarily based on our patented PbC Technology™. Net sales are derived from the sale of lead acid batteries for specialty collector and racing cars; sales of AGM batteries and flooded lead acid batteries; sales of PbC batteries and PbC energy storage components and devices and from sales of product and services related to advanced battery applications for our PbC® technology.

 

·Product costs include raw materials, components, labor, and allocated manufacturing overhead to produce batteries and to provide components for PbC energy storage devices sold to customers. Current product costs represented in our current financial statements may not be indicative of the future costs to produce batteries and provide components for PbC energy storage devices. Product costs also include provisions for inventory valuation and obsolescence reserves.

 

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·Research & development includes expenses to design, develop, and test advanced batteries and carbon electrode assemblies for our energy storage products with prospective customers based on our patented lead carbon technology. Also included in R&D are the materials consumed in production of pilot products, manufacturing costs not assigned to product sales and costs attributable to service sales.

 

·Selling, general and administrative expenses include business development, sales and marketing expenses and the general and administrative expenses associated with being a public company.

 

Summarized selected Statement of Operations data for the year's ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

   2012   2011 
Product  sales  $9,779,711   $7,631,529 
Service  sales   -    459,645 
Total sales   9,779,711    8,091,174 
Product costs   9,044,441    6,799,302 
Research & development expenses   4,883,033    5,060,036 
Selling, general & administrative  expenses   4,404,041    4,463,269 
Loss before income tax
  $(8,553,281)  $(8,311,890)

 

Reconciliation of net loss to EBITDA

 

   2012   2011 
GAAP loss before income taxes  $(8,553,281)  $(8,311,890)
Plus: Interest   17,594    10,193 
  Depreciation   1,320,594    1,014,661 
  Share based compensation   445,966    453,770 
  Derivative revaluations (income)   (14,626)   (238,618)
  Impairment of assets   -    308,882 
EBITDA (1)  $(6,783,583)  $(6,763,002)

 

(1)EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, is defined as earnings before interest expense and interest income, taxes, depreciation, amortization, share based compensation, derivative revaluations, and impairment of assets. EBITDA is used by management to internally measure our operating and management performance and by investors as a supplemental financial measure to evaluate the performance of our business that, when viewed with our GAAP results and the accompanying reconciliation, we believe provides additional information that is useful to gain an understanding of the factors and trends affecting our business.

 

Summary of Consolidated Operating Results for the Year Ended December 31, 2012 compared with the Year Ended December 31, 2011

 

Product Sales

 

Product sales for the year ended December 31, 2012 were $9.8 million compared to $7.6 million for the same period in 2011. We have one customer that accounted for 80.7% of product sales in 2012 and one customer that accounted for 84% of product sales in 2011. The increase in net product sales in 2012 compared to 2011 is due to a series of orders for the production and immediate delivery of specialty flooded lead acid batteries with the purchaser financing the cost of inventory and providing the raw materials required for production.

 

Service Sales

 

There were no service sales for the year ended December 31, 2012 compared to $0.5 million for the same period in 2011. We have two customers that accounted for the service sales during 2011.

 

Total Sales

 

Total sales for the year ended December 31, 2012 were $9.8 million compared to $8.1 million for the same period in 2011.

 

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Product Cost

 

Product costs for the year ended December 31, 2012 were $9.0 million compared to $6.8 million for the same period in 2011. The increase in product costs resulted primarily from an increase in product sales.

 

Research & Development Expenses

 

Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 were $4.9 million compared to $5.1 million for the same period in 2011.

 

Selling, General & Administrative Expenses

 

Selling, general & administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 were $4.4 million compared to $4.5 million for the same period in 2011.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Our primary source of liquidity has historically been cash generated from issuances of our equity securities. From inception through December 31, 2012, we have generated revenue from operations that was not significant enough to produce an operating profit.

 

We believe that the currently available funds at December 31, 2012, which includes the net proceeds of $8.6 million from our February 2012 registered direct common stock offering and internally generated funds from products sales will provide sufficient financial resources for our operations, working capital and will fund our anticipated continued growth of sales in traditional batteries and PbC products and maintain our anticipated capital expenditures through April 30, 2013.

 

Subsequent sources of outside funding will be required to fund the Company’s working capital, capital expenditures and corporate operations beyond April 30, 2013. No assurances can be given that the Company will be successful in arranging the further funding needed to continue the execution of its business plan including the development and commercialization of new products, or if successful, on what terms. Failure to obtain such funding will require management to substantially curtail, if not cease operations, which will result in a material adverse effect on the financial position and results of operations of the Company.

 

Management, with the advice and consent our Board of Directors, has taken actions to attempt to raise additional funds from sources that are in alignment with our business objectives and strategies, in order to continue operations beyond April 30, 2013.

 

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Working Capital

 

At year end December 31, 2012 and 2011, we had $2.0 million of cash and cash equivalents.  At December 31, 2012 working capital was $4.8 million compared to a working capital of $4.3 million at December 31, 2011. Cash equivalents consist of short-term liquid investments with original maturities of no more than six months and are readily convertible into cash.

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

 

In 2012, $7.7 million was used by operating activities. Of the net cash used in 2012, $6.8 million was used to fund the operations of the business while $.9 million was used to fund changes in operating assets and liabilities.

 

In 2011, $8.2 million was used to fund operating activities. Of the net cash used of $8.2 million in 2011, $6.7 million was used to fund the operations of the business while $1.5 million was used to fund changes in operating assets and liabilities

 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

 

Net cash used by investing activities for year ended December 31, 2012 was $0.9 million compared to net cash used by investing activities of $3.0 million for the same period in 2011. Investing activities were for purchases of property and equipment.

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

 

Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2012 was $8.5 million compared to net cash used by financing activities of $0.1 million for the same period in 2011.

 

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Significant Financing Arrangements

 

On February 3, 2012, we completed a registered direct common stock offering at a per share price of $0.35 per share. This straight equity transaction, at a 10% discount to market based on trailing average, provided total gross proceeds of $9.4 million and net cash proceeds of $8.6 million to us after allowing for placement fees and expenses of the offering.

 

The “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition or Plan of Operation” section of this Annual Report discusses our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. To prepare these financial statements, we must make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. These estimates also affect our reported revenues and expenses. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgment, including those related to revenue recognition, accrued expenses, financing operations and contingencies and litigation. Management bases its estimates and judgment on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. The following represents a summary of our critical accounting policies, defined as those policies that we believe are the most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and that require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effects of matters that are inherently uncertain.

 

Critical Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates

 

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the estimates.

 

Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Axion Power Battery Manufacturing, Inc., APC and C&T. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Derivative Financial Instruments:  The Company’s objective in using derivative financial instruments is to obtain the lowest cash cost-source of funds. Derivative liabilities are recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value based on the criteria specified in FASB ASC topic 815-40 " Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s own Equity ". The estimated fair value of derivative liabilities is calculated using the Black-Scholes-Merton method where applicable and such estimates are revalued at each balance sheet date, with changes in value recorded as income or expense in the consolidated statement of operations.

 

Inventory: Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost or market value, and adjusted as appropriate for changes in valuation and obsolescence. Adjustments to the valuation and obsolescence reserves are made after analyzing market conditions, current and projected sales activity, inventory costs and composition to determine appropriate reserve levels.

 

Revenue Recognition:   The Company recognizes revenue when there is persuasive evidence of an agreement, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the sales price to the buyer is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Evidence of an agreement and fixed or determinable sales price is predominantly based on a customer purchase order or other form of written sales order or written agreement. Sales on account are approved only for credit-worthy customers; otherwise payment is generally received prior to shipment. Shipping terms are generally FOB shipping point and revenue is recognized when product is shipped to the customer. In limited cases, if terms are FOB destination or contingent upon collection by a prime contractor, then in these cases, revenue is recognized when the product is delivered to the customer’s delivery site or the conditions for collection have been fulfilled. The Company records sales net of discounts and estimated customer allowances and returns. We offer a 90 day free replacement warranty on some specialty collector car and motorsports products. Collector car products also carry a four year prorated warranty that begins at the end of the 90 days.  To date, our warranty exposure on these products has been minimal. Flooded battery sales do not have standard warranty provisions and instead are sold at a discount in lieu of warranty.  There are no other post shipment obligations that may impact the timing of revenue recognition for the year ending December 31, 2012.

 

Grants: We recognize government grants when there is a reasonable assurance that we will comply with the conditions attached to the grant arrangement and the grant will be received. For reimbursements of expenses, the government grants are recognized as reduction of the related expense. For reimbursements of capital expenditures, the grants are recognized as a reduction of the basis of the asset. The grant is recognized in profit or loss over the life of a depreciable asset as reduced depreciation expense.

 

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Stock-Based Compensation: Stock-based compensation related to employee and non-employees is recognized as compensation expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and is based on the fair value of the services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more readily determinable. Our accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in exchange for goods and services follows the provisions of FASB ASC 505-50 “Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees”. The measurement date for the fair value of the equity instruments issued is determined at the earlier of (1) the date at which a commitment for performance by the consultant or vendor is reached or (2) the date at which the consultant or vendor’s performance is complete. In the case of equity instruments issued to consultants, the fair value of the equity instrument is recognized over the term of the consulting agreement.

 

Research and Development: R&D costs are recorded in accordance with FASB ASC topic 730, “Accounting for Research and Development Costs,” which requires that costs incurred in R&D activities covering basic scientific research and the application of scientific advances to the development of new and improved products and their uses be expensed as incurred. The policy of expensing the costs of R&D activities relate to (1) in-house work conducted by us, (2) costs incurred in connection with contracts that outsource R&D to third party developers and (3) costs incurred in connection with the acquisition of intellectual property that is properly classified as in-process R&D. R&D includes the conceptual formulation, design and testing of product alternatives, construction of prototypes, and operation of pilot plants.

 

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements. 

 

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Item 8   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Board of Directors and

Stockholders of Axion Power International, Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Axion Power International, Inc. as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2012. Axion Power International, Inc.’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Axion Power International, Inc. as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2012 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements, these conditions raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 3. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of asset carrying amounts or the amount and classification of liabilities that might result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

 

/s/ EFP Rotenberg, LLP

 

EFP Rotenberg, LLP

Rochester, New York

March 22, 2013

 

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AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

   December 31, 2012   December 31, 2011 
           
ASSETS          
Current Assets          
Cash and cash equivalents  $2,004,391   $1,987,637 
Accounts receivable   771,410    309,354 
Other receivables   21,860    162,249 
Prepaid expenses   173,115    145,442 
Inventory, net   2,838,791    2,717,173 
Total current assets   5,809,567    5,321,855 
           
Property & equipment, net   7,963,041    8,417,163 
Other receivables   41,000    53,000 
TOTAL ASSETS  $13,813,608   $13,792,018 
           
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY          
Current Liabilities          
Accounts payable  $581,503   $520,358 
Other liabilities   305,510    429,432 
Notes payable   113,921    104,777 
Total current liabilities   1,000,934    1,054,567 
           
Deferred revenue   1,262,295    1,573,962 
Derivative liabilities   1,217    15,843 
Notes payable   331,247    439,480 
Total liabilities   2,595,693    3,083,852 
           
Stockholders' Equity          
Convertible preferred stock-12,500,000 shares authorized Series-A preferred – 2,000,000 shares designated 0 shares issued and outstanding   -    - 
Common stock-200,000,000 shares authorized $0.0001 par value 113,260,006 issued & outstanding (85,531,114  in 2011)   11,326    8,552 
Additional paid in capital   96,013,439    86,953,180 
Retained Earnings(Deficit)   (84,555,174)   (76,001,894)
Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment   (251,676)   (251,672)
Total stockholders' equity   11,217,915    10,708,166 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND  STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY  $13,813,608   $13,792,018 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

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AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS and COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

 

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2012   2011 
Product  $9,779,711   $7,631,529 
Service   -    459,645 
Net  sales   9,779,711    8,091,174 
           
Costs and expenses          
Product costs   9,044,441    6,799,302 
Research & development   4,883,033    5,060,036 
Selling, general & administrative   4,404,040    4,463,269 
Interest expense   17,594    18,863 
Impairment of assets   -    308,882 
Derivative revaluations (income)   (14,626)   (238,618)
Interest & other income   (1,490)   (8,670)
Loss before income taxes   (8,553,281)   (8,311,890)
           
Income taxes   -    - 
Net Loss   (8,553,281)   (8,311,890)
           
Foreign Translation Adjustment   (4)   (47)
Comprehensive Income/(Loss)  $(8,553,285)  $(8,311,937)
           
Basic and diluted net loss per share  $(0.08)  $(0.10)
           
Weighted average common shares outstanding   110,689,664    85,488,150 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

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AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

   Year Ended December 31, 
   2012   2011 
Net Loss  $(8,553,281)  $(8,311,890)
           
Adjustments to reconcile deficit accumulated for noncash items          
Depreciation   1,320,594    1,014,661 
Impairment of assets   -    308,882 
Derivative revaluations (income)   (14,626)   (238,618)
Share based compensation expense   445,966    453,770 
           
Changes in operating assets & liabilities          
Accounts receivable   (462,053)   (87,432)
Other receivables   140,389    (17,276)
Prepaid expenses   (27,673)   (63,382)
Inventory, net   (121,618)   (1,288,613)
Accounts payable   61,145    (409,663)
Other liabilities   (141,742)   203,628 
Deferred revenue and other   (311,667)   188,777 
Net cash used by operating activities   (7,664,566)   (8,247,156)
           
Cash Flows from Investing Activities          
Other receivables   12,000    12,000 
Purchases of property & equipment   (866,472)   (3,002,130)
Net cash used by investing activities   (854,472)   (2,990,130)
           
Cash Flows from Financing Activities          
Repayment of notes payable   (99,089)   (105,039)
Net proceeds from sale of common stock   8,634,881    - 
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities   8,535,792    (105,039)
           
Net change in cash and cash equivalents   16,754    (11,342,325)
Effect of exchange rate on cash   -    (47)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning   1,987,637    13,330,009 
Cash and cash equivalents - ending  $2,004,391   $1,987,637 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

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Axion Power International, Inc.

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity

For Periods Ended December 31, 2011 and 2012

 

   Common         
   Shares   Common
Stock
Amount		   Additional Paid-
In Capital		   Retained
Earnings(Deficit)		   Other
Comprehensive
Income		   Total Stockholder’s
Equity (Deficit)		 
Balance at December 31, 2010   85,453,302   $8,545   $86,499,416   $(67,690,003)  $(251,625)  $18,566,332 
                               
Stock based compensation   77,812    7    453,764              453,771 
                               
Net loss                  (8,311,890)        (8,311,890)
                               
Other comprehensive income (loss):                              
                               
Foreign currency translation adjustment                       (47)   (47)
                               
Comprehensive loss                            (8,311,890)
Balance at December 31, 2011   85,531,114   $8,552   $86,953,180   $(76,001,893)  $(251,672)  $10,708,166 
                               
Proceeds from Common Stock Offering-Net of Costs   27,651,870    2,766    8,632,115              8,634,881 
                               
Stock based compensation   77,022    8    428,145              428,153 
                               
Net loss                  (8,553,281)        (8,553,281)
                               
Other comprehensive income (loss):                              
                               
Foreign currency translation adjustment                       (4)   (4)
                               
Comprehensive loss                            (8,553,285)
Balance at December 31, 2012   113,260,006   $11,326   $96,013,439   $(84,555,174)  $(251,676)  $11,217,915 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements

 

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AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

Note 1 — Basis of Presentation  

 

Axion Power International, Inc. (the “Company”, Axion, “we”, “our”, or “us”) is a company whose primary purpose is to develop, design, manufacture and sell advanced energy storage devices and components that are based on our patented PbC Technology. In addition we manufacture standard and specialty lead-acid batteries. Our new PbC® batteries and components, which are manufactured primarily through the use of activated carbon as an alternative to lead in the battery’s negative electrode, have application to virtually all energy system storage functions. It is the Company’s long term goal to become a primary supply source of PbC negative electrodes to established battery manufacturers.

 

Note 2 — Accounting Policies

 

Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the estimates.

 

Principles of Consolidation:   The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Axion Power Battery Manufacturing, Inc., APC and C&T. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

 

Segment Reporting: Management has determined that the Company is organized, managed and internally reported as one business segment.

 

Foreign Currency Translation: The accounts of APC and C&T are measured using the Canadian dollar as the functional currency for all the periods presented in the financial statements. The translation from Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars is performed for the balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at each of the balance sheet dates, and for the revenue and expense accounts using the average rate in effect during the periods. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders’ equity. Gains or losses resulting from transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred. Any gains or losses arising from the inter-company loan denominated in U.S. dollars are directly reflected in other comprehensive income, as the amounts are not expected to be repaid in the foreseeable future.

 

Comprehensive Income: The Company follows FASB ASC 220, “Comprehensive Income.” Comprehensive income is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a reporting period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. In addition to the Company’s net loss, the change in equity components under comprehensive income include any foreign currency translation adjustment.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments: FASB ASC 825, “Financial Instruments," requires disclosure of fair value information about certain financial instruments, including, but not limited to, cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, refundable tax credits, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued expenses, notes payable to related parties and convertible debt-related securities. Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. The carrying value of the balance sheet financial instruments included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements approximated their fair values.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents:   For financial statement presentation purposes, the Company considers those short-term, highly liquid investments to be cash or cash equivalents. Our investment policy is that we only invest cash in U.S. Government Treasuries with original maturities of six months or less. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had a thirty day Certificate of Deposit valued at $1.0 million.

 

Accounts Receivable and Concentration of Credit Risk: The Company records its accounts receivable net of any allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company manages its credit risk exposure and establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts that are deemed at risk for collection. When management determines that an account is uncollectible, it is written off against the related allowance. No allowance was considered necessary as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.

 

Inventory: Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost or market value, and adjusted as appropriate for decreases in valuation and obsolescence. Adjustments to the valuation and obsolescence reserves are made after analyzing market conditions, historical sales activity, inventory costs and inventory composition to determine appropriate reserve levels. Cost is determined using the first-in first-out (FIFO) method. Many components and raw materials we purchase have minimum order quantities. 

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

 

A summary of inventory at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows: 

 

   2012   2011 
Raw materials  $945,763   $1,534,957 
Work in process   471,935    1,070,901 
Finished goods   1,677,605    359,540 
Inventory reserves   (256,512)   (248,225)
   $2,838,791   $2,717,173 

 

Property and Equipment:   Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from 3 to 22 years. Expenditures for renewals and betterments are capitalized. Expenditures for minor items are charged to repairs and maintenance expense. Gain or loss upon sale or retirement is reflected in operating results in the period the event takes place.

 

A summary of property and equipment at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

 

   Estimated useful life  2012   2011 
Construction in progress     $476,257   $1,651,204 
Leasehold improvements  Lesser of lease term
or 10 years		   382,680    371,948 
Machinery & equipment  3-22 years   11,186,840    9,156,153 
Less accumulated depreciation      (4,082,736)   (2,762,142)
Net     $7,963,041   $8,417,163 

 

Depreciation expense was $1,320,594 and $1,014,661 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 respectively.

 

Certain of our machinery and equipment amounting to $1,582,111 are secured by the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development in relation to the Machinery and Equipment Loan Fund financing. The initial loan proceeds in the amount of $776,244 were received by us on September 14, 2009. The proceeds of the loan were used to defray part of the cost of equipment purchased for use at our Green Ridge Road and Clover Lane facilities. The loan bears interest at the rate of 3% interest per annum and is payable in equal monthly installments of principal and interest over a period of seven years, maturing on October 1, 2016.  

 

Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets: The Company adopted the provisions of FASB ASC 360-10-15-3, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets.” This standard requires, among other things, that long-lived assets be reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these expected cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. The primary measure of fair value is based on undiscounted future cash flows. The measurement of impairment requires management to make estimates of these cash flows related to long-lived assets, as well as other fair value determinations. There was no impairment loss recorded for year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to an impairment loss of $308,882 in 2011.

 

Derivative Financial Instruments: The Company’s objectives in using derivative financial instruments are to obtain the lowest cash cost-source of funds. Derivative liabilities are recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value based on the criteria specified in FASB ASC topic 815-40 " Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s own Equity ". The estimated fair value of the derivative liabilities is calculated using the Black-Scholes-Merton method where applicable and such estimates are revalued at each balance sheet date, with changes in value recorded as other income or expense in the consolidated statement of operations. As a result of the Company’s adoption of ASC topic 815-40, effective January 1, 2009 some of the Company’s warrants are now accounted for as derivatives. 

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

 

A summary of the assumptions used for the derivative revaluations at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

 

   2012   2011 
Exercise price  $0.57   $0.57 
Risk-free interest rate   0.33%   0.25%
Dividend yield  $-   $- 
Expected volatility   59.31%   56.78%
Expected term (in years)   0.27    1.27 

 

Revenue Recognition: The Company recognizes revenue when there is persuasive evidence of an agreement, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the sales price to the buyer is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Evidence of an agreement and fixed or determinable sales price is predominantly based on a customer purchase order or other form of written sales order or written agreement. Sales on account are approved only for credit-worthy customers; otherwise partial or full payment.is received prior to shipment. Shipping terms are generally FOB shipping point and revenue is recognized when product is shipped to the customer. In limited cases, if terms are FOB destination or contingent upon collection by a prime contractor, then in these cases, revenue is recognized when the product is delivered to the customer’s designated delivery site or the conditions for collection have been fulfilled. The Company records sales net of discounts and estimated customer allowances and returns. We offer a 90 day free replacement warranty on some specialty collector car and motorsports products. Collector car products also carry a four year prorated warranty that begins at the end of the 90 days. To date, our warranty exposure on these battery products has been minimal. Flooded battery sales do not have standard warranty provisions and instead are sold at a discount in lieu of warranty.  There were no other post shipment obligations that may impact the timing of revenue recognition for the year ending December 31, 2012.

 

Grants: The Company recognizes government grants when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to the grant arrangement and the grant will be received. Government grants are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Company recognizes the related costs for which the government grant is intended to compensate. Specifically, when government grants are related to reimbursements for cost of revenues or operating expenses, the government grants are recognized as a reduction of the related expense in the consolidated statements of operations. For government grants related to reimbursements of capital expenditures, the government grants are recognized as a reduction of the basis of the asset and recognized in the consolidated statements of operations over the estimated useful life of the depreciable asset as a reduced depreciation expense. The Company records government grants receivable in the consolidated balance sheets in other receivables. Deferred revenue is amortized into income over the estimated useful life of the related equipment. As of December 31, 2012, the liability for deferred revenue was $1,262,295 and there are no grant receivables at December 31, 2012 compared to $140,389 at December 31, 2011. During the year 2012, $338,562 of income was recorded for the amortization of deferred revenue compared to $238,918 during 2011.  

 

Stock based Compensation: Stock-based compensation related to employees and non-employees is recognized as compensation expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and is based on the fair value of the services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more readily determinable. Our accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in exchange for goods and services follows the provisions of ASC 505-50 “Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees”. The measurement date for the fair value of the equity instruments issued is determined at the earlier of (1) the date at which a commitment for performance by the consultant or vendor is reached or (2) the date at which the consultant or vendor’s performance is complete. In the case of equity instruments issued to consultants, the fair value of the equity instrument is recognized over the term of the consulting agreement.

  

Research and Development: R&D costs are recorded in accordance with FASB ASC topic 730, “Accounting for Research and Development Costs,” which requires that costs incurred in R&D activities covering basic scientific research and the application of scientific advances to the development of new and improved products and their uses be expensed as incurred. R&D includes the conceptual formulation, design and testing of product alternatives, construction of prototypes, and operation of pilot plants.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

 

Income Taxes: Deferred income taxes are recorded in accordance with FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes”, and deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between financial reporting and the tax basis of assets and liabilities using the tax rates and laws in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. FASB ASC 740 provides for the recognition of deferred tax assets if realization of such assets is more likely than not to occur. Realization of net deferred tax assets is dependent upon generating sufficient taxable income in future years in appropriate tax jurisdictions to realize benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and from net operating loss, or NOL, carry forwards. The Company has determined it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset resulting from these timing differences will not materialize and have provided a valuation allowance against the entire net deferred tax asset. Management will continue to evaluate the realizability of the deferred tax asset and its related valuation allowance. If the assessment of the deferred tax assets or the corresponding valuation allowance were to change, the Company would record the related adjustment to income during the period in which the determination is made. The tax rate may also vary based on actual results and the mix of income or loss in domestic and foreign tax jurisdictions in which operations take place. The provision for taxes represents corporate-level franchise taxes which may be based on assets, equity, capital stock or a variation thereof.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements:    

 

In May 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-04 related to fair value measurements and disclosures in the financial statements, which update ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurement”.  This guidance conforms the wording to describe many of the requirements in U.S. GAAP to International Financial Reporting Standards to ensure the related standards are consistently applied.  The guidance also expands the disclosures for fair value measurements that are estimated using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs. This new guidance is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and is to be applied prospectively. The adoption of this standard did not materially expand the Company’s consolidated financial statement footnote disclosures.

 

In June 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-05 related to the presentation of comprehensive income in the financial statements, which updates ASC Topic 220 “Comprehensive Income”.  The Update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders’ equity.  Under the new guidance, the Company has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  This guidance will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011.  The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows as it only requires a change in the format of the current presentation.

 

In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in ASU No. 2011-05, which defers the effective date pertaining to reclassification adjustments out of other accumulated comprehensive income in ASU 2011-05, until the FASB is able to reconsider those requirements. All other requirements of ASU 2011-05 are not affected by this update, including the requirement to report comprehensive income either in a single continuous financial statement or in two separate but consecutive financial statements. Public entities should apply these requirements for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, which coincide with the effective dates of the requirements in ASU 2011-05 amended by this Update.

 

Note 3 - Going Concern

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. At December 31, 2012 the Company’s working capital was $4.8 million.  The financial resources of the Company will not provide sufficient funds for the Company’s operations beyond April 30, 2013, as those operations currently exist. Subsequent funding will be required to fund the Company’s ongoing operations, working capital, and capital expenditures beyond April 30, 2013. No assurances can be given that the Company will be successful in arranging the further funds needed to continue the execution of its business plan, which includes the development and commercialization of new products, or even if further funding is available, upon what terms. Failure to obtain such funds on terms acceptable to the Company’s management will require management to substantially curtail, if not cease, operations, which will result in a material adverse effect on the financial position and results of operations of the Company. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might occur if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

 

Note 4 — Stockholders' Equity

 

Authorized Capitalization: The Company’s authorized capitalization includes 200,000,000 shares of common stock and 12,500,000 shares of preferred stock. The number of authorized common shares was increased by 75,000,000 pursuant to the Shareholder meeting vote on July 20, 2011.

 

Common Stock:   At December 31, 2012, 113,260,006 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding. The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voted for the election of directors can elect all of the directors. Holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the board out of funds legally available. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the common stockholders are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining available for distribution to them after payment of liabilities and after provision has been made for each class of stock, if any, having preference over the common stock. The common stockholders have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights and there are no redemption provisions applicable to the common stock. All of the outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.

 

Preferred Stock:  The Company’s certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of 12,500,000 shares of blank check preferred stock. The Company’s board of directors has the power to establish the designation, rights and preferences of any preferred stock. Accordingly, the board of directors has the power, without stockholder approval, to issue preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of common stock. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, no shares of Series-A Convertible Preferred stock were issued and outstanding.

 

Warrants:   The following table provides summary information on warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, with summary information on the various warrants issued by the Company in private placement transactions, warrants exercised to date, warrants that are presently exercisable and the current exercise prices of such warrants.

  

       2012       2011 
   Shares   Weighted Average
Exercise price		   Shares   Weighted Average
Exercise price		 
                 
Warrants outstanding January 1   11,896,070   $0.83    12,973,820   $1.18 
                     
Granted during year   -    -           
                     
Exercised                    
                     
Lapsed   (173,755)   2.35    (1,077,750)   4.74 
                     
Outstanding at December 31   11,712,315   $0.83    11,896,070   $0.85 
                     
Weighted average years remaining   .3         1.3      

 

As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, 1,085,714 warrants were classified as derivative liabilities. Each reporting period the warrants are re-valued and adjusted through the caption “derivative revaluations” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

 

Note 5 – Equity Compensation

 

Incentive Stock Plan Approved by Stockholders: The Company’s stockholders have adopted an incentive stock plan for the benefit of its employees, consultants and advisors. Under the terms of the original plan, the Company was authorized to grant incentive awards for up to 1,000,000 shares of common stock. At the Company’s 2005 annual meeting, its shareholders increased the authorization under the incentive stock plan to 2,000,000 shares.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

 

The incentive stock plan authorizes a variety of awards including incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, shares of restricted stock, and shares of phantom stock and stock bonuses. In addition, the plan authorizes the payment of cash bonuses when a participant is required to recognize income for federal income tax purposes because of the vesting of shares of restricted stock or the grant of a stock bonus.

 

The plan authorizes the grant of incentive awards to full-time employees of the Company who are not eligible to receive awards under the terms of an employment contract or another specialty plan. The plan also authorizes the grant of incentive awards to directors who are not eligible to participate in the Company’s outside directors’ stock option plan, independent agents, consultants and advisors who have contributed to the Company’s success.

 

The Compensation Committee administers the plan. The Committee has absolute discretion to decide which employees, consultants and advisors will receive incentive awards, the type of award to be granted and the number of shares covered by the award. The committee also determines the exercise prices, expiration dates and other features of awards.

 

The exercise price of incentive stock options must be equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date of the grant or, in the case of incentive stock options granted to the holder of more than 10% of the Company’s common stock, at least 110% of the fair market value of such shares on the date of the grant. The maximum exercise period for incentive stock options is ten years from the date of grant, or five years in the case of an individual who owns more than 10% of the Company’s common stock. The aggregate fair market value determined at the date of the option grant, of shares with respect to which incentive stock options are exercisable for the first time by the holder of the option during any calendar year, shall not exceed $100,000.

 

There are no incentive stock options outstanding at December 31, 2012.

  

Outside Directors' Stock Option Plan Approved by Stockholders: The Company’s stockholders have adopted an outside directors' stock option plan for the benefit of its non-employee directors in order to encourage their continued service as directors. Under the terms of the original plan, the Company was authorized to grant incentive awards for up to 125,000 shares of common stock. At the 2005 annual meeting, the Company’s shareholders increased the authorization under the incentive stock plan to 500,000 shares.

 

On October 17, 2012, the Board of Directors amended the Axion Power International, Inc. independent director’s stock option plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available thereunder from 500,000 shares to 1,000,000 shares.

 

Each eligible director who is, on or after the effective date, appointed to fill a vacancy on the Board or elected to serve as a member of the Board may participate in the plan. Each eligible director shall automatically be granted an option to purchase the maximum number of shares having an aggregate fair market value on the date of grant of twenty thousand dollars ($20,000). The option price of the stock subject to each option is required to be the fair market value of the stock on its date of grant. Options generally expire on the fifth anniversary of the date of grant. Any option granted under the plan shall become exercisable in full on the first anniversary of the date of grant, provided that the eligible director has not voluntarily resigned or been removed "for cause" as a member of the Board of Directors on or prior to the first anniversary of the date of grant (qualified option). Any qualified option shall remain exercisable after its first anniversary regardless of whether the optionee continues to serve as a member of the Board.

 

During 2012, the Company issued 171,429 five year options to one of its directors, vesting one third per year over the next three years. These options are exercisable at a price of $0.35 per share, expiring five years from vest date and are valued at $35,136 utilizing the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model, with $6,832 recorded as compensation in 2012. There were no issuances in 2011.

 

Stock Options Held by Officers, Employees, and Consultants Not Approved by Stockholders:

 

The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton Option Pricing Model to estimate the fair value of awards on the measurement date using the weighted average assumptions noted in the following table:  

 

Year  Interest rate %   Dividend Yield %   Expected Volatility %   Expected Life
2012   0.42    0.0    61.12   96 months
2011   1.40    0.0    59.4   76 months

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

 

Expected volatilities are calculated based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock since its listing on the public markets. Management has determined that it cannot reasonably estimate a forfeiture rate given the insufficient amount of time and activity of share option exercise and employee termination patterns. The expected life of options, representing the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, was determined using the contractual term. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the interest rate for a similar time period of a U.S. Treasury note in effort on the date of the grant.

 

The following table provides consolidated summary information on the Company’s stock option activity for the years ended

December 31, 2012 and 2011.

       2012     
       Weighted Average     
All Plan & Non-Plan Compensatory
Options		  Number of
Options		   Exercise   Fair Value   Remaining
Life
(years)		   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value		 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2011   3,909,300   $1.85   $0.64    4.2      
Granted   536,429    1.13    0.15           
Exercised   -    -    -           
Forfeited or lapsed   (369,584)   2.45    0.82           
Options outstanding at December 31, 2012   4,076,145   $1.70   $0.56    3.8   $- 
Options exercisable at December 31, 2012   2,965,998   $1.90   $0.65    3.0   $- 

 

       2011     
       Weighted Average     
All Plan & Non-Plan Compensatory
Options		  Number of
Options		   Exercise   Fair Value   Remaining
Life
(years)		   Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value		 
Options outstanding at December 31, 2010   3,578,520   $1.97   $0.70           
Granted   579,552    1.22    0.30           
Exercised   -    -    -           
Forfeited or lapsed   (248,772)   2.17    0.68           
Options outstanding at December 31, 2011   3,909,300   $1.85   $0.65    4.2   $- 
Options exercisable at December 31, 2011   2,515,660   $2.12   $0.77    3.2   $- 

The following table summarizes the status of the Company’s non-vested options:

 

All non-vested stock options as of December 31, 2012  Shares   Fair Value 
Options subject to future vesting at December 31, 2011   1,393,638   $0.43 
Options granted    536,429    0.15 
Options forfeited or lapsed    (101,582)   0.25 
Options vested    (718,338)   0.42 
Options subject to future vesting at December 31, 2012   1,110,147   $0.40 

 

As of December 31, 2012, there was $544,847 of unrecognized compensation related to non-vested options compared to $474,872 at December 31, 2011. The Company expects to recognize the cost over a weighted average period of 1.4 years. The total fair value of options vested was $1,945,085 and $888,318 for 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

The compensation expense that has been recognized for options granted was $410,326 and $427,040 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 respectively. In addition the Company recognized non-cash compensation expense of $35,640 in 2012 and $26,730 in 2011 for stock granted to directors in lieu of cash. There was no dilutive impact per share during 2012 or 2011. For stock options issued as non-qualified stock options, a tax deduction is not allowed until the options are exercised. The amount of this deduction will be the difference between the fair value of the Company’s common stock and the exercise price at the date of exercise. Accordingly, there is a deferred tax asset recorded for the tax effect of the financial statement expense recorded. The tax effect of the income tax deduction in excess of the financial statement expense will be recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. Due to the uncertainty of the Company’s ability to generate sufficient taxable income in the future to utilize the tax benefits of the options granted, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance to reduce gross deferred tax assets to zero. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2012, there is no income tax expense impact from recording the fair value of options granted. There is no tax deduction allowed by the Company for incentive stock options.

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED

 

The Company has two stockholder approved equity compensation plans. The following sections summarize the Company’s equity compensation arrangements.

 

Note 6 Earnings/Loss Per Share  

 

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (the numerator) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (the denominator) for the period. Diluted earnings per share are computed by assuming that any dilutive convertible securities outstanding were converted, with related preferred stock dividend requirements and outstanding common shares adjusted accordingly. It also assumes that outstanding common shares were increased by shares issuable upon exercise of those stock options for which market price exceeds the exercise price, less shares which could have been purchased by us with the related proceeds. In periods of losses, diluted loss per share is computed on the same basis as basic loss per share as the inclusion of any other potential shares outstanding would be anti-dilutive.

 

Had the Company recorded income applicable to common shareholders for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 weighted-average number of common shares outstanding would have increased by 161,219, and 1,519,892 respectively, for the fiscal years, reflecting no change to dilutive securities in the calculation of diluted earnings per share.  

 

Note 7 — Income Taxes Expense (Benefit)

 

A summary of the components giving rise to the income tax expense (benefit) for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

 

   2012   2011 
Current income tax expense:          
Federal  $-   $- 
State   -    - 
Foreign   -    - 
   $-   $- 
           
Deferred income tax provision (benefit):          
Federal  $(2,905,000)  $(2,857,000)
State   (564,000)   (555,000)
Foreign   (51,000)   48,000 
Total deferred tax   (3,520,000)   (3,364,000)
Less increase in allowance   3,520,000    3,364,000 
Net deferred tax  $-   $- 
           
Total income tax expense (recovery)  $-   $- 
         
Individual components giving rise to the deferred tax asset are as follows:  2012   2011 
Future tax benefit arising from net operating loss carry forwards   21,100,000   $17,748,000 
Future tax benefit arising from available tax credits   1,373,000    1,373,000 
Future tax benefit arising from options/warrants issued for Services   1,210,000    1,029,000 
Other   222,000    225,000 
Total future tax benefit   23,905,000    20,375,000 
Less valuation allowance   (23,905,000)   (20,375,000)
Net deferred tax  $-   $- 
         
The components of pretax net loss are as follows:  2012   2011 
United States  $(8,553,281)  $(8,309,197)
Foreign   -    (2,693)
   $(8,553,281)  $(8,311,890)

 

36
 

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - CONTINUED

 

The Company has net operating loss carry forwards of $48,100,000 and $2,800,000 available to reduce future income taxes in United States and Canada, respectively. The United States carry forwards expire at various dates between 2024 and 2032.0. The Canadian loss carry forwards expire at various dates between 2012 and 2030. The Company also has generated Canadian tax credits related to research and development activities.  The credit, amounting to $734,000 U.S. Dollars, is available to offset future taxable income in Canada and expires at various dates between 2024 and 2026. The Company has adopted FASB ASC 740, which provides for the recognition of a deferred tax asset based upon the value certain items will have on future income taxes and management's estimate of the probability of the realization of these tax benefits. The Company has determined it more likely than not that these timing differences will not materialize and have provided a valuation allowance against the entire net deferred tax asset. The utilization of NOL and tax credit carry forwards from Tamboril prior to the reorganization may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and similar state provisions. Accordingly, these amounts have not been included in the gross deferred tax asset number above. In addition, due to equity transactions that have occurred subsequent to the reorganization with Tamboril, the utilization of NOL carry forwards may be subject to further change in control limitations that generally restricts the utilization of the NOL per year.

 

The reconciliation of the United States statutory federal income rate and the effective income tax rate in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

 

   2012   2011 
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate   (34.0)%   (34.0)%
Prior period adjustments   0.0%   0.00%
State taxes, net   (6.6)%   (6.7)%
Foreign currency fluctuation   (0.6)%   0.6%
U.S. tax credits   0.0%   0.0%
Revaluation of Derivatives   (0.1)%   (0.5)%
(Other   0.1%   0.1%
Change in valuation allowance   41.1%   40.5%
Effective income tax rate   0.0%   0.0%

 

The Company adopted the provisions of FASB ASC 740-10 “Income Taxes” on January 1, 2008.  As the result of the assessment, the Company recognized no material adjustments to unrecognized tax benefits. At the adoption date of January 1, 2008 and as of December 31, 2012, the Company has no unrecognized tax benefits.  By statute, tax years ending December 31, 2008 through 2012 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject.

 

Note 8 — Related Party Transactions

 

Transactions with C&T: A former board member of the Company, Dr. Igor Filipenko, was the former majority shareholder of C&T prior to the acquisition by the Company. The Board of Directors on August 21, 2009 approved the issuance of warrants to purchase not more than 1,600,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.00 per share and a term of two years to the C&T Group. On January 11, 2010, Dr. Igor Filipenko gave notice of his resignation as a director of the Company, effective immediately. On December 31, 2012 these warrants have not yet been issued pending "mutual understanding" between the parties.  

 

Note 9 — Supplemental Cash Flow Information

 

Cash payments for interest during the years ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were $17,595 and $18,042, respectively. There were no payments of income taxes during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011

 

Note 10 — Commitments and Contingencies and Significant Contracts

 

Facilities: On March 28, 2010, we renewed our lease for existing space at our manufacturing plant, located at 3601 Clover Lane, in New Castle, Pennsylvania. The salient terms of the Lease are as follows:

·The term commenced on April 3, 2010 with an initial term of three years.
·The renewal lease may be extended for two successive five-year renewal options with future rent to be negotiated at a commercially reasonable rate.  

 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – CONTINUED

 

·The battery manufacturing facility includes 70,438 square feet of floor space, including 7,859 square feet of office, locker, lab and lunch area, 46,931 square feet of manufacturing space, 1,488 square feet of dedicated lab space, 9,200 square feet of storage buildings and 5,000 square feet of basement area.
·The rental amount for the initial term is $17,200 per month, which is fixed through 2013. In addition to the monthly rental, we are obligated to pay all required maintenance costs, taxes and special assessments, maintain public liability insurance and maintain fire and casualty insurance for an amount equal to 100% of the replacement value of the leased premises.
·On May 26, 2011 we executed an addendum to the existing lease agreement which resulted in the lease of an additional 2,160 square feet of additional space for $500.00 per month. There were no other changes to the existing lease.
·With the execution of the addendum we now lease 72,598 square feet for a monthly rent of $17,200.

 

On November 4, 2010, the Company entered into a Commercial Lease (“Lease”) with Becan Development, LLC (“Lessor”) to lease a 45,000 square foot building, located at 209 Green Ridge Road in New Castle PA, (the “Property”). The salient terms of the Lease are as follows:

 

·The Lease term commenced on January 1, 2011 and the term expires on December 31, 2015.

·The Lease may be extended for two 5-year terms, by giving notice not less than 30 nor more than 120 days before the expiration of the initial term or first renewal term (as applicable). The renewal leases shall be on terms substantially similar to the terms of the initial Lease except for any adjustment to rent, if warranted, as mutually agreed upon by Lessor and the Company.

·The rental amount for the initial term is $19,297 per month and is on a “triple net” basis.

·If the Company is able to obtain sufficient funding from either the federal or state government or agencies, and it enters into a binding agreement to purchase the Property, the Lease shall be immediately terminated and Lessor shall credit the most recent 6 months of actual rental payments made to Lessor against the purchase price of the Property

·The Company also has a right of first refusal to purchase the property within 30 days of receipt of notice of a third party offer from Lessor upon substantially the same terms as those offered by the third party.

·The Lease contains market terms on standard provisions such as defaults and maintenance.

 

Employment Agreements:    The Company has entered into executive employment agreements with Thomas Granville, Charles R. Trego, Phillip S. Baker, and Vani K. Dantam. These agreements generally require each executive to devote substantially all of his business time to the Company’s affairs, establish standards of conduct, prohibit competition with our company during their term, affirm our rights respecting the ownership and disclosure of patents, trade secrets and other confidential information, provide for the acts and events that would give rise to termination of such agreements and provide express remedies for a breach of the agreement. Each of the executives is allowed to participate in our standard employee benefit programs, including medical/hospitalization insurance and group life insurance, as in effect from time to time. Each of the covered executives will generally receive an automobile allowance, reimbursement for all reasonable business expenses incurred by him on behalf of the Company in the performance of his duties, and a severance package that guarantees continued remuneration equal to the executives base salary for a total of 23 months so long as the Company elects to enforce the provisions of the Non-Competition Agreement, should the executive be unable to find employment or accepts employment at a reduced rate of pay due solely to the Non-Competition Agreement. The provisions of the individual agreements are set forth in the following table:

 

Name  Position  Date  Term   Salary    Options    Price   Vesting   Stock 
Thomas Granville  (1)  CEO  6/29/10  3-year  $380,000    360,000   $1.50   Monthly   0 
Charles R. Trego  (2)  CFO  4/01/10  3-year  $225,000    265,000   $1.50   Monthly   0 
Philip S. Baker  (3)  COO  4/01/10  3-year  $199,800    230,000   $1.50   Monthly   0 
Vani K. Dantam  (4)  Sr. VP  1/23/12  3-year  $225,000    150,000   $1.50   Monthly   0 

 

1. Thomas Granville. On June 29, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Thomas Granville as Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Granville receives an annual salary of $380,000, and an annual car allowance of $9,000 for the period commencing June 29, 2010, and terminating June 30, 2013. Mr. Granville’s base salary is subject to annual review, and such salary is subject to renegotiation on the basis of Mr. Granville’s and the Company’s performance. In addition, Mr. Granville received a signing bonus of $270,000 and was paid on July 9, 2010. The Company also granted Mr. Granville an option to purchase 360,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share at a vesting rate Of 10,000 shares per month through the term of the agreement. Mr. Granville is eligible to participate in any executive compensation plans adopted by the shareholders of the Company and the Company's standard employee benefit programs.
   
2. Charles R. Trego. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Charles R. Trego as Chief Financial Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years, Mr. Trego receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $9,000, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5-year option to purchase 265,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 27,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June 2010, 7,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.  

 

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3. Philip S. Baker. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Philip S. Baker as Chief Operating Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years, Mr. Baker receives an annual salary of $199,800, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $6,000, and a 5-year option to purchase 230,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 26,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June, 2010, 6,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.
   
  4.   Vani K. Dantam. On January 1, 2012, The Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Vani Dantam as Senior Vice President Business Development, Sales & Marketing. Pursuant to this agreement which has a term of three years, Mr. Dantam receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review on an annual basis, a $20,000 sign-on bonus which was paid in January 2102, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5- year option to purchase 150,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share, 15,020 options vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning March 2012, 3,970 options will vest monthly.   

 

We have no retirement plans or other similar arrangements for any directors, executive officers or employees, other than a noncontributory 401(k) plan.

 

Purchase Orders

 

On May 11, 2010, the Company was awarded federal contract number N00014-10-C-0094. Under the terms of the agreement, Axion shall furnish personnel and facilities to conduct the research effort for the development of new lightweight, high-powered batteries for use in vehicles operated by the U.S. Marine Corps. This cost-plus-fixed-fee completion contract requires scientific or technical reports to be delivered, inspected and accepted prior to reimbursement. Costs incurred during the performance period, will be reimbursed quarterly. The final report was delivered in July, 2011. The contract, provided $1,004,747 to us in funding for this project, and is subject to a financial audit upon contract completion which we anticipate will occur in 2013.

 

Selling price was determined by periodic spending using the hourly labor, overhead, and G&A rates submitted with the proposal. The rates are subject to adjustment at the end of contract, and secured by the unpaid fixed fee. Revenue based on the proportionate performance of the work performed was recognized from inception to completion when collection of the reimbursement was reasonably assured. Recognition of the fixed fee was postponed to contract completion. Fixed fee billings were recorded under deferred revenue. The contract contributed no service revenue in 2012 as compared to $387,645 in service revenue during 2011.

 

Note 11 – Subsequent events

 

On March 10, 2013, we renewed our lease for our manufacturing plant at 3601 Clover Lane in New Castle, Pennsylvania. The lease which commences on April 3, 2013 is for a term of five years with one five year renewal option. All other terms and conditions of the lease are the same as the existing lease agreement.

 

Item 9  Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

 

None.

 

Item 9A   Controls and Procedures

 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

As of December 31, 2012 (“Evaluation Date”), the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, management performed, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Accounting Officer, an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the report we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Accounting Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Based upon the evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Accounting Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 

39
 

 

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projection of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods is subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

Management has conducted, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Accounting Officer, an assessment, including testing of the effectiveness, of our internal control over financial reporting as of Evaluation Date. Management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting was conducted using the criteria in Internal Control over Financial Reporting - Guidance for Smaller Public Companies issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. 

 

A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. In connection with our management’s assessment of our internal control over financial reporting as required under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we have not identified any material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as of Evaluation Date.  We have thus concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of the Evaluation Date.

 

During the three months ended December 31, 2012 there were no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting.

 

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company's registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by the Company's registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Commission that permit the Company to provide only management's report in this annual report.

 

PART III

 

Item 10 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 

Disclosure of delinquent Form 3, 4 or 5 filers required by this item will be contained in the Definitive Proxy Statement relating to our 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders; said information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Our board of directors directs the management of the business and affairs of our company as provided in our certificate of incorporation, our by-laws and the General Corporation Law of Delaware. Members of our board of directors keep informed about our business through discussions with senior management, by reviewing analyses and reports sent to them, and by participating in board and committee meetings.

 

Board Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight; Diversity

 

Our Company is led by Thomas Granville, who has served as chief executive officer and chairman of the board since 2005. Our board of directors is divided into three classes of directors that serve for staggered three-year terms. Two were elected to serve for terms that expire on the date of our 2012 Annual Meeting (and of those directors, one, Glenn Patterson, notified the board that he would not run for re-election at the 2012 Annual Meeting); two have been elected to serve for a term that expires on the date of our 2013 Annual Meeting; and Two of our current board members have been elected to serve for terms that expire on the date of our 2014 Annual Meeting. The board has three standing committees – audit, compensation and technology. The Audit Committee is comprised solely of independent directors, and each committee has a separate chair. Our Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing risk management, and our full board receives periodic reports from management.

 

Our board leadership structure is used by other smaller public companies in the Unites States, and we believe that this leadership structure is effective for the Company. We believe that having a combined Chairman/CEO and chairs for each of our board committees is the correct form of leadership for our Company. We have a single leader for our Company and oversight of Company operations by experienced directors, three of whom are also committee chairs. We believe that our directors provide effective oversight of the risk management function, especially through the work of the Audit Committee and dialogue between the full board and our management.

 

40
 

 

The Company does not currently consider diversity in identifying nominees for director. Due to the small size of the Company, the priority has been in attracting qualified directors, and issues such as diversity have not yet been considered.

 

The following table identifies our current directors and specifies their respective ages and positions with our Company.

 

Name   Age   Position
Thomas Granville   68   Chief Executive Officer and Director
Howard K. Schmidt, Ph. D.   54   Director
Michael Kishinevsky   47   Director
Robert G. Averill   72   Director
D. Walker Wainwright   62   Director

 

Robert G. Averill, 72, has served on our board of directors since February 2004. Mr. Averill is retired and principally involved in personal investments. He served as a director of Implex Corp., a New Jersey based developer and manufacturer of orthopedic implants that he co-founded in 1991 and then sold to Zimmer Holdings, Inc. From 1978 to 1991, Mr. Averill held a variety of executive positions with Osteonics Corp., a developer and manufacturer of orthopedic implants that he co-founded in 1978 and then sold to Stryker Corporation. From 1971 to 1977, Mr. Averill served as a director and held a variety of executive positions with Meditech Inc., a developer and manufacturer of orthopedic implants that he co-founded in 1971 and sold to 3M Corporation in 1975. Mr. Averill holds 28 patents on a variety of orthopedic devices and materials, and he is the co-author of several publications in the field of orthopedics. Mr. Averill holds two degrees from the Newark College of Engineering (BS-mechanical engineering, 1962 and MS-engineering management, 1966). The Company has determined that Mr. Averill should serve as a director due to his extensive engineering and manufacturing background.

 

Thomas Granville, 68, has served on our board of directors since February 2004 and is both our chairman of our board of directors and chief executive officer. Mr. Granville served as the president of a New York State elevator company that specialized in the installation and maintenance of elevators, escalators, moving walkways and other building transportation products. Mr. Granville also served 15 years as treasurer and ten years as the president of the National Elevator Industry Inc., a trade association that represents elevator manufacturers and contractors, where his duties included labor negotiations for national contracts and oversight duties to a $2.3 billion national pension fund. Mr. Granville has also been a partner, or the general partner, of a number of real estate partnerships that owned multi-family housing, commercial real estate and a cable television company. Mr. Granville is a 1967 graduate of Canisus College. (BA - Business Administration). The Company has determined that Mr. Granville should serve as a director due to his position as senior executive officer of the Company, which gives him valuable insight, as well as his prior managerial experience which provides unique insight for the Board into the operations of the Company.

 

Michael Kishinevsky, 47 is an independent director who has served on our board since June 2005. Mr. Kishinevsky is a Canadian lawyer who had been principally engaged in the practice of corporate and commercial law from February 1995 until August 2005. For five years Mr. Kishinevsky served as general legal counsel for C&T. Mr. Kishinevsky currently serves as a director of Sunrock Consulting Ltd., a company he co-founded in October 1995, which specializes in the import and distribution of carbon black and synthetic rubber. He is also the president and director of SunBoss Chemicals Corp., a corporation specializing in chemical additives for the custom rubber mixing industry. Mr. Kishinevsky is a 1989 graduate of the University of Calgary (B.Sc. in Cellular, Molecular and Microbial Biology and B.Sc. in Psychology) and a 1993 graduate of the University of Ottawa Law School. Mr. Kishinevsky was called to the bar in the Ontario courts in 1995 and is a member of the Law Society of Upper Canada. The Company has determined that Mr. Kishinevsky should serve as a director due to his legal background as well as his import and distribution experience which provides expertise on the Board with regard to product distribution.

 

Howard K. Schmidt, Ph.D., 54, is an independent director, who has served on our board of directors since April, 2005. Dr. Schmidt has been employed as a Petroleum Engineering Consultant at Saudi Aramco since August, 2009. Dr. Schmidt is an expert in the field of carbon nanotechnology and single-wall carbon nanotubes, and occasionally acts as an expert witness in nanotechnology patent litigation. He founded AOTA Energy, LLC in mid-2009 to pursue long-term research in renewable energy and sustainable water technologies. Prior to Aramco, Schmidt served as a Senior Research Fellow in the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at Rice University in Houston, Texas. Between September, 2003 and March, 2008, he was the Executive Director of the Carbon Nanotechnology Laboratory (the “CNL”) at Rice University. Before joining CNL, Dr. Schmidt operated Stump Partners, a Houston-based consultancy firm and was involved in two Internet ventures. In 1989, Dr. Schmidt founded SI Diamond Technology, Inc., a company that received the prestigious R&D 100 Award from Research and Development Magazine in 1989, went public in 1993, and recently changed its name to Applied Nanotech Holdings, Inc. Dr. Schmidt holds two degrees from Rice University (BS-Electrical Engineering, 1980 and Ph.D.-Chemistry, 1986). The Company has determined that Dr. Schmidt should serve as a director due to his unique and extensive technical knowledge.

 

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D. Walker Wainwright, 62, is an independent director who was appointed to our board of directors in January 2007. He is the founder and Chairman of American Intermodal Container Manufacturing Co., LLC, a manufacturing concern to be located in Fulton, NY. He is the former Chairman of Interboro Insurance Company, a provider of personal lines insurance products in New York State. He is also the founder and chief executive of Wainwright & Co. LLC, an independent financial advisory firm and investment manager. In this capacity he is the manager of a fund of hedge funds titled Dunemere Investor Partners, LP. Formerly a Managing Director in investment banking at Smith Barney, Inc. and at Kidder, Peabody & Co., Mr. Wainwright has over 37 years’ consulting, banking and investment banking experience. Having directed Kidder’s investment banking efforts in the Asia Pacific Region, he has extensive international experience and has lived in Australia and Lebanon. Mr. Wainwright began his career at Chemical Bank and, subsequently, the Schroder Group. He is a graduate of Stanford University (A.B. – 1972) and of Columbia University (M.B.A. – 1976). The Company has determined that Mr. Wainwright should serve as a director due to his long term finance and banking experience.

 

Executive Officers

 

The following table identifies our current non-director executive officers and their respective ages and positions with the Company.

 

Name   Age   Position
Philip S. Baker   65   Chief Operating Officer
Vani Kumar Dantam   54   Senior Vice President
Charles R. Trego   62   Chief Financial Officer

 

Philip S. Baker joined the Company as Chief Operating Officer on April 1, 2010. He was with Santa Fe Springs CA-based Trojan Battery Company from 1997 to 2009. From 2006 to 2009 he was Senior Vice President and General Manager of a new battery facility for which he led all the phases of development and operations in Sandersville, GA. Baker guided the lead-acid battery plant from negotiations and permitting forward, and is considered to be an expert in quality control and documentation, productivity and the maximization of uptime, automation and the management of environmental issues. Prior to Sandersville, Baker served from 2001 to 2005 at the Trojan plant in Lithonia GA as Senior Vice President and General Manager, where he executed a turn-around in leadership, quality and output, introduced Kaizen events and Six-Sigma tools and improved productive output by 20% in critical bottleneck areas. Before Lithonia, Baker worked for Trojan in Santa Fe Springs as Director of Operations. He was with privately held Wyomissing PA-based Glen-Gery Corporation, a manufacturer of building materials where 700 employees reported upstream to him. He began his career at the Houston Brick & Tile Company. He is a graduate of Georgia Institute of Technology in 1971 (BS in Ceramic Engineering).

 

Vani Kumar Dantam joined the Company as Senior Vice President-Business Development, Sales and Marketing on January 23, 2012. From 2010 – 2011, Mr. Dantam served as the Vice President – Business Development & Sales for Ener 1, a manufacturer of EV and HEV batteries. During his tenure with Ener 1, Dantam developed over 35 comprehensive proposals for new global customers, building a pipeline of over $500 million in EV and HEV battery business. From 1994 – 2010, Dantam was employed with Remy International, as Director – Sales & Marketing, Global Director – Heavy Duty Sales & Marketing (2004-2009) and Global Director – Hybrid & Traction Motor Sales & Business Development (2009 – 2010). Mr. Dantam holds an MBA (Finance and International Business) from Indiana University, an MS, Mechanical Engineering from Vanderbilt University and a BE, Metallurgical Engineering from Banaras Hindu University- in India.

 

Charles R. Trego joined the Company as Chief Financial Officer on April 1, 2010. He most recently served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Minrad International, an Amex-listed pharmaceutical and medical device company in Orchard Park, NY. Minrad was acquired by India's Piramal Healthcare in early 2009, and Trego was an integral part of the acquisition strategy and managed the bridge financing through the transition. He served as a consultant providing financial management services to several companies from April 2009 to February 2010. Prior to that, from 2005 to 2008, he was Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Elmira NY-based Hardinge Inc, a Nasdaq-listed global machine tool company ($327 million in annual revenue), and from 2003 to 2005 he was Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Latham NY-based Latham International ($180 million in annual revenue), a privately held manufacturer and marketer of swimming pool components, His career began with a position as Senior Auditor with Ernst & Whinney in Dayton, and continued with financial officer positions with increasing responsibility with Ponderosa Inc., Bojangles of America, Rich Sea Pak, Rymer Foods and Rich Products Corporation. During his 14-year tenure as Chief Financial Officer at Rich Products, revenue increased from $650 million to more than $1.8 billion. He has over 30 years of experience as a financial officer of global middle businesses across several industries and includes private (family), public and private equity ownership structures. He has served as the chief financial officer of startup, turnaround, restructuring and growth businesses with revenue ranging from $25 million to $2 billion. Trego graduated from the University of Dayton in 1972 (BS in Accounting) and in 1978 (MBA). He achieved his CPA designation in 1973 from the State of Ohio.

 

42
 

 

Presiding Director

 

Our Chief Executive Officer, Thomas Granville, acts as the presiding director at meetings of our board of directors. In the event that Mr. Granville is unavailable to serve at a particular meeting, responsibility for the presiding director function will rotate among the chairmen of each of the committees of our board of directors.

 

Corporate Governance

 

Our board of directors believes that sound governance practices and policies provide an important framework to assist them in fulfilling their duty to stockholders. Our board of directors is working to adopt and implement many “best practices” in the area of corporate governance, including separate committees for the areas of audit and compensation, careful annual review of the independence of our Audit and Compensation Committee members, maintenance of a majority of independent directors, and written expectations of management and directors, among other things. In 2012, all incumbent directors attended 75% of our meetings of the board of directors.

 

Code of business conduct and ethics

 

Our Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which has been distributed to all directors, officers, and employees and will be given to new employees at the time of hire. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics contains a number of provisions that apply principally to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and other key accounting and financial personnel. A copy of our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics can be found under the “Investor Information” section of our website at www.axionpower.com. We intend to disclose future amendments to certain provisions of our code of ethics and conduct, or waivers of such provisions, applicable to our directors and executive officers, at the same location on our web site identified above. The inclusion of our web site address in this proxy statement does not include or incorporate by reference the information on our web site into this proxy statement.

 

Communications with the Board of Directors

 

Stockholders and other parties who are interested in communicating with members of our board of directors, either individually or as a group, may do so by writing to Thomas Granville, c/o Axion Power International, Inc., 3601 Clover Lane, New Castle, Pennsylvania, 16105. Mr. Granville will review all correspondence and forward to the appropriate members of the board of directors copies of all correspondence that, in the opinion of Mr. Granville, deals with the functions of the board of directors or its committees or that he otherwise determines requires their attention. Concerns relating to accounting, internal controls or auditing matters should be immediately brought to the attention of our audit committee and will be handled in accordance with procedures established by that committee.

 

Director Independence

 

Our board of directors has determined that four of our directors would meet the independence requirements of the NYSE AMEX if such standards applied to the Company. In the judgment of the board of directors, Mr. Granville does not meet such independence standards. In reaching its conclusions, the board of directors considered all relevant facts and circumstances with respect to any direct or indirect relationships between the Company and each of the directors, including those discussed under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” below. Our board of directors determined that any relationships that exist or existed in the past between the Company and each of the independent directors were immaterial on the basis of the information set forth in the above-referenced sections.

 

Board Committees

 

The board of directors currently has three standing committees: the audit committee, the compensation committee, and the technology committee. These committees are responsible to the full board.

 

Audit Committee – Our board of directors has created an audit committee that presently consists of Mr. Wainwright and Dr. Schmidt. Mr. Wainwright serves as the current chairman of our audit committee. Each of the members has a basic understanding of finance and accounting, and is able to read and understand fundamental financial statements. The board of directors has determined that each of the members of the audit committee would meet the independence requirements applicable to NYSE Amex listed companies although such standards do not apply to our company. Our board of directors has also determined that based on work history none of our current committee members meet the definition of an “Audit Committee Financial Expert” as defined in Item 407(d)(5)(ii) under Regulation S-K, promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The audit committee, has the sole authority to appoint, review and discharge our independent registered public accounting firm. The audit committee reviews the results and scope of the audit and other services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm, as well as our accounting principles and our system of internal controls, reports the results of their review to the full board of directors and to management, and recommends to the full board of directors that the our audited consolidated financial statements be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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The audit committee met four times during the year ended December 31, 2012. The audit committee charter can be found on our website under About Axion; Corporate Governance /Committee, at www.axionpower.com.

 

Compensation Committee – Our board of directors has created a compensation committee that presently consists of Messrs. Averill, Kishinevsky and Wainwright. Mr.Wainwright serves as chairman of the compensation committee. The compensation committee makes recommendations concerning compensation of the executive management team and non-employee directors and administers our stock-based incentive compensation plans. The compensation committee typically meets in separate sessions independently of board meetings. The compensation committee typically schedules telephone meetings as necessary to fulfill its duties. The chairman establishes meeting agendas after consultation with other committee members and Mr. Thomas Granville, our Chief Executive Officer. Subject to supervision by the full board of directors, the compensation committee administers our stock option plans. Our Chief Executive Officer and other members of management regularly discuss our compensation issues with compensation committee members. Subject to compensation committee review, modification and approval, Mr. Granville typically makes recommendations respecting bonuses and equity incentive awards for the other members of the executive management team. The compensation committee in conjunction with other non-employee directors establishes all bonus and equity incentive awards for Mr. Granville and the other executive members of the management team. Our board of directors has determined that all members of the compensation committee would meet the independence requirements applicable to NYSE Amex listed companies although such standards do not apply to us.

 

The compensation committee met twice during the year ended December 31, 2012. The compensation committee charter can be found on our website under “About Axion; Corporate Governance; Committees,” at www.axionpower.com.

 

Technology Committee – Our board of directors has created a technology committee that consists of Dr. Schmidt, Messrs. Averill, Kishinevsky and Granville. The technology committee provides board-level oversight, guidance and direction to our R&D staff, supervises evaluates and makes recommendations with respect to the acquisition and licensing of complementary and competitive technologies and supervises the activities of our intellectual property lawyers.

 

The technology committee met twelve times during the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

We do not have a nominating committee – Given the relatively small size of our board of directors and the desire to involve the entire board of directors in nominating decisions, we have elected not to have a separate nominating committee, and the entire board of directors currently serves that function. With respect to director nominees, our board of directors will consider nominees recommended by stockholders that are submitted in accordance with our By-Laws. We do not have any specific minimum qualifications that our board believes must be met by a board recommended nominee for a position on our board of directors or any specific qualities or skills that our board believes are necessary for one or more of our directors to possess. We also do not have a specific process for identifying and evaluating nominees for director, including nominees recommended by security holders. The board has not paid fees to any third party to identify or evaluate potential board nominees.

 

Board nominations

 

Stockholders wishing to bring a nomination for a director candidate before a stockholders meeting must give written notice to our Corporate Secretary, either by personal delivery or by United States mail, postage prepaid. The stockholder’s notice must be received by the Corporate Secretary not later than (a) with respect to an Annual Meeting of Stockholders, 90 days prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding Annual Meeting, and (b) with respect to a special meeting of stockholders for the election of directors, the close of business on the tenth day following the date on which notice of the meeting is first given to stockholders. The stockholder’s notice must set forth all information relating to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate that is required to be disclosed under applicable rules and regulations of the SEC, including the written consent of the person proposed to be nominated to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected. The stockholder’s notice must also set forth as to the stockholder making the nomination (i) the name and address of the stockholder, (ii) the number of shares held by the stockholder, (iii) a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the Company, entitled to vote at the meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person named in the notice, and (iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the stockholder and each nominee.

 

Stockholder Communications with the Board of Directors

 

Stockholders may communicate directly with the board of directors or any board member by writing to them at Axion Power International, Inc., 3601 Clover Lane, New Castle, PA 16105, C/O Secretary, Michael Kishinevsky. The outside of the envelope should prominently indicate that the correspondence is intended for the board of directors or for a specific director. The secretary will forward all such written communications to the director to whom it is addressed or, if no director is specified, to the entire board of directors.

 

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Director Attendance at Annual Meetings of Stockholders

 

We encourage our directors to attend Annual Meetings, although such attendance is not required. Five directors attended the 2012 Annual Meeting.

 

Item 11 Executive Compensation

 

The following table sets forth the compensation earned by or paid to our Named Executive Officers with respect to the year ended December 31, 2012.  The Named Executive Officers are as shown. We did not have any non-equity incentive plans, pension plans or deferred compensation plans during the year ended December 31, 2012. 

 

SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE

 

               Stock   Option   All Other   Total 
Name and Principal      Salary   Bonus   Awards   Awards   Compensation   Compensation 
Position  Year   ($)(1)   ($)(2)   ($) (3)   ($)(3)   ($)(4)   ($) 
Thomas Granville
CEO and Director		   2012    380,000                   20,715    400,715 
Thomas Granville                                   
CEO and Director   2011    380,000                   18,847    398,847 
                                    
Charles R. Trego                                   
CFO   2012    225,000                   22,109    247,109 
Charles R. Trego                                   
CFO   2011    225,000                   23,429    248,429 
                                    
Philip S. Baker                                   
COO   2012    199,800                   18,317    218,117 
Philip S. Baker                                   
COO   2011    199,800                   15,328    215,128 
                                    
Vani K. Dantam   2012    225,000    20,000         21,384    44,271    310,655 

 

1. Salaries are presented as the contractual amount paid during 2012 and 2011.
2. Discretionary bonuses are not made pursuant to any specific bonus plan.  Bonuses cited were awarded and paid in 2012.
3. Stock and option awards were granted pursuant to the individual employment contracts. Options are valued using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model.
4. Other compensation includes Company perquisites relating to pre and post-employment consulting contracts, severance payments, auto allowance, personal use of company cars, accrued vacation payments, moving expenses,   other earned compensation, as well as healthcare premiums paid under the group health plan.

 

Employment Agreements

 

During 2010, the Company has entered into executive employment agreements with Thomas Granville, Charles R. Trego, and Phillip S. Baker. These agreements generally require each executive to devote substantially all of his business time to the Company’s affairs, establish standards of conduct, prohibit competition with our company during their term, affirm our rights respecting the ownership and disclosure of patents, trade secrets and other confidential information, provide for the acts and events that would give rise to termination of such agreements and provide express remedies for a breach of the agreement. Each of the executives is allowed to participate in our standard employee benefit programs, including medical/hospitalization insurance and group life insurance, as in effect from time to time. Each of the covered executives will generally receive an automobile allowance, reimbursement for all reasonable business expenses incurred by him on behalf of the Company in the performance of his duties, and a severance package that guarantees continued remuneration equal to the executive’s base salary for a total of 23 months so long as the Company elects to enforce the provisions of the Non-Competition Agreement, should the executive be unable to find employment or accepts employment at a reduced rate of pay due solely to the Non-Competition Agreement. There are no non-qualified deferred compensation plans. The provisions of the individual agreements are set forth in the following table:

 

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  • Thomas Granville. On June 29, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Thomas Granville as Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Granville receives an annual salary of $380,000, and an annual car allowance of $9,000 for the period commencing June 29, 2010, and terminating June 30, 2013. Mr. Granville’s base salary is subject to annual review, and such salary is subject to renegotiation on the basis of Mr. Granville’s and the Company’s performance. In addition, Mr. Granville received a signing bonus of $270,000 and was paid on July 9, 2010. The Company also granted Mr. Granville an option to purchase 360,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share at a vesting rate of 10,000 shares per month through the term of the agreement. Mr. Granville is eligible to participate in any executive compensation plans adopted by the shareholders of the Company and the Company's standard employee benefit programs.
     
  • Charles R. Trego. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Charles R. Trego as Chief Financial Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years (and thus terminates on March 31, 2013), Mr. Trego receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $9,000, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5-year option to purchase 265,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 27,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June 2010, 7,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this agreement.
     
  • Philip S. Baker. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Philip S. Baker as Chief Operating Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years (and thus terminates on March 31, 2013), Mr. Baker receives an annual salary of $199,800,which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $6,000, and a 5-year option to purchase 230,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share, of which 26,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June, 2010, 6,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this agreement.

 

In conjunction with the appointment of Mr. Dantam, the Company entered into an employment agreement with him that generally requires the executive to devote substantially all of his business time to our affairs, establish standards of conduct, prohibit competition with our company during his term, affirm our rights respecting the ownership and disclosure of patents, trade secrets and other confidential information, provide for the acts and events that would give rise to termination of such agreements and provide express remedies for a breach of the agreement. Each of our executives will participate in our standard employee benefit programs, including medical/hospitalization insurance as in effect from time to time. Each of the covered executives will generally receive reimbursement for all reasonable business expenses incurred by them on behalf of the Company in the performance of their duties.

 

Under the terms of his employment agreement effective January 1, 2012, which has a term of three years, Mr. Dantam receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review on an annual basis, a $20,000 sign on bonus, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5-year option to purchase 150,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share, 15,020 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in March 2012, 3,970 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.

 

Warrants

 

As of December 31, we have 11,712,315 outstanding warrants that represent potential future cash proceeds to our company of $10,152,447. The warrants are divided into seven classes that are presently exercisable and expire at various times through December 8, 2014. The following table summarizes the number of warrants in each class, the anticipated proceeds from the exercise of each class, and the expiration date of each class.

 

Warrant
Series		  Number of
Warrants		   Exercise
Price		   Anticipated
Proceeds		   Expiration Date
2008 Conversion-Warrants   580,940    2.60    1,510,444   June 29, 2013
2008 Quercus   10,000,000    0.75    7,500,000   June 29, 2013
2008 Derivatives   1,085,714    0.57    618,857   June 29, 2013
2009 Bridge Warrants   45,661    2.00    91,322   August 12, 2014
Total   11,712,315        $9,720,623    

 

The holders of warrants are not required to exercise their rights at any time prior to the expiration date and we are unable to predict the amount and timing of any future warrant exercises. We reserve the right to temporarily reduce the exercise prices of our warrants from time to time in order to encourage the early exercise of the warrants.

 

Stock Options

 

As of December 31, 2012, we have 4,076,145 outstanding stock options that represent potential future cash proceeds to our company of $ 6,920,017. The outstanding options include 2,965,998 options that are currently vested and exercisable and 1,110,147 that will vest and become exercisable over the next three years. These options represent potential future cash proceeds to our company of $5,639,150 and $ 1,280,867, respectively.

 

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   Shares   Price   Proceeds   Shares   Price   Proceeds 
2012 Employee & Officer plan options   1,342,500   $1.50   $2,013,750    633,244   $1.50   $949,867 
Directors plan options   374,998    1.52    568,900    384,903    .52    200,000 
Non-plan options to consultants and employees   1,248,500    2.45    3,056,500    92,000    1.42    131,000 
Total   2,965,998   $1.90   $5,639,150    1,286,511   $1.15   $1,280,867 

 

The holders of options are not required to exercise their rights at any time and we are unable to predict the amount and timing of any future option exercises. We reserve the right to temporarily reduce the exercise prices of our options from time to time in order to encourage the early exercise of the options.

 

Outstanding Equity Awards at 2012 Fiscal Year-End

 

   Option Awards  Stock Awards
   Non-Plan   Equity Incentive Plan Awards          Equity Incentive Plan Awards
   Number of shares underlying unexercised options          # Shares        
Name  #
Exercisable		   #
Unexer-
cisable		   Unearned   Option
Exercise
Price		   Option
Expiration
Date		  Number
Unearned
Shares
or units of
stock		   Market
Value		   Unearned
shares,
units, or
other
rights not
vested		   Market
Value		   Footnotes
(a)  (b)   (c)   (d)   (e)   (f)  (g)   (h)   (i)   (j)    
                                       
Granville, Tom   90,000    -    -   $2.50   varies through 6/15/2015                      Issued pursuant to June 2008 Executive Employment Agreement. Options Expire 5 years after monthly vest date
                                               
Granville, Tom   270,000         90,000   $1.50   varies through 6/29/2018                      Issued pursuant to June 2010 Executive Employment Agreement. Options Expire 5 years after monthly vest date
                                               
Charles Trego   223,000    42,000    -   $1.50   varies through 3/30/2018                      Issued pursuant to April 2010 Executive Employment Agreement. Options Expire 5 years after monthly vest date
                                               
Philip Baker   194,000    36,000    -   $1.50   varies through 3/30/2018                      Issued pursuant to April 2010 Executive Employment Agreement. Options Expire 5 years after monthly vest date

 

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Post-Termination Compensation

 

We have not entered into change in control agreements with any of our named executive officers or other members of the executive management team, although our employment agreements with certain members of management do call for immediate vesting of options upon a 50% change in control. No awards of equity incentives under our 2004 Incentive Stock Plan or awards of options under our 2004 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan provide for immediate vesting upon a change in control other than a restricted stock grant of 36,000 shares issued to Robert Nelson. However, the compensation committee has the full and exclusive power to interpret the plans, including the power to accelerate the vesting of outstanding, unvested awards. A “change in control” is generally defined as (1) the acquisition by any person of 30% or more of the combined voting power of our outstanding securities or (2) the occurrence of a transaction requiring stockholder approval and involving the sale of all or substantially all of our assets or the merger of us with or into another corporation.

 

Director Compensation

 

The following table provides information regarding compensation paid to non-employee directors for services rendered during the year ended December 31, 2012.

 

   Fees Earned or   Stock     
   Paid in Cash   Awards     
Name  ($)(1)   ($)   Total ($) 
Thomas Granville (2)               
Robert G. Averill   45,523         45,523 
Dr. Howard K. Schmidt   34,200    16,876    40,320 
Michael Kishinevsky   30,300    15,360    35,880 
Glenn Patterson   27,250         38,993 
D. Walker Wainwright(3)   35,375    16,876    41,495 

 

1. Fees are presented based on the amount paid during 2012.
2. Mr. Granville received no compensation during 2012 for his service as a Director, as he served as our chief executive officer during that time period. For a summary of the compensation received by him as chief executive officer during 2012, see Summary Compensation Table above.
3. One director was reelected to serve on the Board of Directors at the Annual Meeting held on June 22, 2012, receiving 171,429 five-year options with an exercise price of $0.35 per share, pursuant to the 2004 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan. The options granted shall vest at the rate of 57,143 per year commencing on the date of the company's Annual Meeting, so long as the director serves as a member of the board on the date of such meeting.

 

The members of our board of directors are actively involved in various aspects of our business ranging from relatively narrow board oversight functions to providing hands-on guidance to our executives and scientific staff with respect to matters within their personal experience and expertise. We believe that the active involvement of all directors in our principal business and policy decisions increases our board of directors’ understanding of our needs and improves the overall quality of our management decisions. In recognition of the substantial time and personal effort that we require from our directors, we have adopted director compensation policies that provide for higher director compensation than is typically found in companies at our early stage of development.

 

Only non-management directors are compensated separately for service as members of our board of directors. Each of our non-management directors received the following components of compensation for the period January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2012:

•A basic annual retainer of $25,000 for service as a director;
•A supplemental retainer of $6,000 for service as chairman of any committee;
•A supplemental annual retainer of $3,000 for service as a committee member;
•A meeting fee of $1,500 per day for each board or committee meeting attended in person or $500 for each board or committee meeting attended by telephone;
•Reimbursement for all reasonable travel, meals and lodging costs incurred on our behalf;
•Options to reelected directors; and
•Reimbursement for expenses up to $5,000 annually for education related to chairmanship of a committee.

 

The 2004 stock option plan for independent directors authorized the issuance of options to purchase $20,000 of our common stock for each year of service as a director. The plan was amended on September 28, 2010 increasing the shares reserved for issuance under the outside directors’ stock option plan to 500,000. On October 17, 2012, the Board of Directors amended the Axion Power International, Inc. independent director’s stock option plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available thereunder from 500,000 shares to 1,000,000 shares.

 

For 2012 and 2011, we issued 171,429, and 187,500, options respectively pursuant to our directors’ stock option plan. Of this total, no options were exercised during the year ended December 31, 2012, 374 998 options are currently vested and exercisable at a weighted average price of $1.52 per share and 384,903 options are unvested and will be exercisable at a weighted average price of $0.52 per share.

 

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Item 12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

On January 22, 2013, we had 113,290,364 shares of common stock. The following table sets forth certain information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our securities as of January 22, 2013, for (i) each of our directors and executive officers; (ii) all of our directors and executive officers as a group; and (iii) each person who we know beneficially owns more than 5% of our common stock. Normally, the Company would rely on the Section 16 filings for our 5% owners. Our reporting is limited to the information we do have when we do not have the benefit of further information.

 

Beneficial ownership data in the table has been calculated based on the Securities and Exchange Commission rules that require us to identify all securities that are exercisable for or convertible into shares of our common stock within 60 days of March 29, 2013 and treat the underlying stock as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage of ownership of the holder.

 

Except as indicated by the footnotes following the table, and subject to applicable community property laws, each person identified in the table possesses sole voting and investment power with respect to all capital stock held by that person. The address of each named executive officer and director, unless indicated otherwise by footnote, is c/o Axion Power International, Inc. 3601 Clover Lane, New Castle PA 16105.

 

   Common Stock   Warrants & Options (1)   Combined Ownership   Percentage 
Quercus Trust (2)
1835 Newport Blvd
A109 – PMB 467
Costa Mesa, CA 92627		        7,142,857    7,142,857    5.9%
Averill, Robert   3,535,153    515,251    4,050,404    3.3%
Granville, Tom   696,596    360,000    1,056,596     *
Trego, Charles   -    223,000    223,000     *
Baker, Philip   -    194,000    194,000     *
Wainwright, Walker   46,576    56,410    102,986     *
Schmidt, Howard   46,162    48,500    94,662     *
Kishinevsky, Michael   42,454    48,500    90,954     *
Dantam, Vani   -    42,810    42,810     *
Directors and officers as a group (8 persons)   4,366,941    1,488,471    5,855,412    4.8%

*Less than 1%

(1)Represents shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants and options held by the stockholders that are presentably exercisable or will become exercisable within 60 days.
(2)The trustees of The Quercus Trust are Mr. David Gelbaum and Ms. Monica Chavez Gelbaum, each with shared voting and dispositive power over the shares held by this trust.

 

Item 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 

See the “Executive Compensation” section for a discussion of the material elements of compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our named executive officers. Other than as stated in the “Executive Compensation” section, we have not entered into any transactions with executive management. See Item 10 for Director Independence.

 

Item 14 Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Fees of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The following table presents fees for professional audit services billed for services rendered by EFP Rotenberg, LLP for the audit of the Company’s annual financial statements for the years ending December 31, 2012 and 2011, and for fees billed for other services rendered by EFP Rotenberg, LLP during those periods.

 

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   2012   2011 
Audit Fees  $79,600   $76,500 
           
Audit-Related Fees - registration statement consents  $7,500   $6,000 
           
Tax Fees  $6,900   $6,800 
           
All Other Fees   -   $8,500 

 

Audit Committee Preapproval of Registered Public Accounting Firm Services

 

Our independent registered public accounting firm will provide audit, review and attest services only at the direction of, and pursuant to engagement fees and terms approved by, the audit committee. Such engagement will be pursuant to a written proposal, submitted to the audit committee for review and discussion. If acceptable, the audit committee will engage the independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to a written retention agreement, duly approved by the audit committee. As proscribed by Section 10A(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, certain non-audit services may not be provided by our independent registered public accounting firm, including bookkeeping or other services related to our accounting records or financial statements; financial information systems design and implementation; appraisal or valuation services, fairness opinions, or contribution-in-kind reports; actuarial services; internal audit outsourcing services; management functions or human resource functions, broker or dealer, investment adviser, or investment banking services; legal services and expert services unrelated to the audit; and any other service that the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board determines, by regulation, is impermissible.

 

The audit committee has reviewed the proposed retention for compliance with three basic principles, violations of which would impair the independent registered public accounting firm’s independence: (1) an independent registered public accounting firm cannot function in the role of management, (2) an independent registered public accounting firm cannot audit his or her own work, and (3) an independent registered public accounting firm cannot serve in an advocacy role for our company. If the audit committee determines that the proposed retention does not and will not violate these principles, it may authorize, in writing, the retention of the independent registered public accounting firm for the agreed scope of non-audit services and compensation structure.

 

The Company does not currently have an audit committee financial expert due to the various experiences of those directors on its audit committee. Due to the Company’s limited resources and stage of development, it is not able to select from as large a pool of potential directors as other public companies and seeks to attract those directors, who present an overall composite of characteristics beneficial to the Company. At this time, the Company has not been successful in finding a director with the sought profile who would also qualify as an audit committee financial expert. Furthermore, in order to compensate for the lack of a financial expert, the audit committee engages consultants with financial expertise in specific areas on an as-needed basis. Although the Company has no current plans to seek an individual who so qualifies, it will re-examine this priority in future years as appropriate and certainly should it become so necessary in compliance with future regulatory requirements.

 

50
 

 

PART IV

 

Item 15 Exhibits

 

2.1 Reorganization Agreement (without exhibits) between Tamboril Cigar Company, Axion Power Corporation and certain stockholders of Axion Power Corporation dated December 31, 2003. (1)
2.2 First Addendum to the Reorganization Agreement between Tamboril Cigar Company, Axion Power Corporation and certain stockholders of Axion Power Corporation dated January 9, 2004. (1)
3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Tamboril Cigar Company dated February 13, 2001. (2)
3.3 Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Tamboril Cigar Company dated June 4, 2004. (3)
3.4 Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Axion Power International, Inc. dated June 4, 2004. (3)
3.5 Amended By-laws of Axion Power International, Inc. dated June 4, 2004.   (3)  
3.6 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Axion Power International, Inc., dated June 14, 2010. (25)
3.7
4.1		 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation of Axion Power International, Inc., dated July 22, 2011.
Specimen Certificate for shares of Company’s $0.00001 par value common stock.		 (9)
4.2 Trust Agreement for the Benefit of the Shareholders of Mega-C Power Corporation dated December 31, 2003. (1)
4.3 Succession Agreement Pursuant to the Provisions of the Trust Agreement for the Benefit of the Shareholders of Mega-C Power Corporation dated March 25, 2004. (4)
4.4 Form of Warrant Agreement for 1,796,300 capital warrants. (9)
4.5 Form of Warrant Agreement for 667,000 Series I investor warrants. (9)
4.6 Form of Warrant Agreement for 350,000 Series II investor warrants. (9)
4.7 Form of Warrant Agreement for 313,100 Series III investor warrants. (9)
4.8 Form of 8% Cumulative Convertible Senior Preferred Stock Certificate (D)
4.9 First Amended and Restated Trust Agreement for the Benefit of the Shareholders of Mega-C Power Corporation dated February 28, 2005. (11)
4.10 Second Amendment and Restated Trust Agreement for the Benefit of the Shareholders of Mega-C Power Corporation dated November 21, 2006. (19)
4.11 Certificate of Powers, Designations, Preferences and Rights of the 8% Convertible Senior Preferred Stock of Axion Power International, Inc. dated March 17, 2005. (12)
4.12 Certificate of Powers, Designations, Preferences and Rights of the Series-A Convertible Preferred Stock, Par Value $0.0001 Per Share, of Axion Power International, Inc. dated October 23, 2006. (13)
4.13 Amended Certificate of Powers, Designations, Preferences and Rights of the Series-A Convertible Preferred Stock, Par Value $0.0001 Per Share, of Axion Power International, Inc. dated October 26, 2006. (13)
4.14 Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Powers, Designations, Preferences and Rights of the Series-A Convertible Preferred Stock, Par Value $.0001 Per Share, of Axion Power International, Inc. dated February 24, 2010.  
9.1 Agreement respecting the voting of certain shares beneficially owned by the Trust for the Benefit of the Shareholders of Mega-C Power Corporation. Included in Exhibit 4.2
10.1 Development and License Agreement between Axion Power Corporation and C and T Co. Incorporated dated November 15, 2003. (1)
10.2 Letter Amendment to Development and License Agreement between Axion Power Corporation and C and T Co. Incorporated dated November 17, 2003. (1)
10.3 Tamboril Cigar Co. Incentive Stock Plan dated January 8, 2004. (A)
10.4 Tamboril Cigar co. Outside Directors Stock Option Plan dated February 2, 2004. (A)
10.5 Stock Purchase & Investment Representation Letter among John L. Petersen, Sally A. Fonner and C and T Co. Incorporated dated January 9, 2004. (1)
10.6 Letter Amendment to Development and License Agreement between Axion Power Corporation and C and T Co. Incorporated dated January 9, 2004. (1)
10.7 First Amendment to Development and License Agreement between Axion Power Corporation and C and T Co. Incorporated dated as of January 9, 2004. (5)
10.8 Definitive Incentive Stock Plan of Axion Power International, Inc. dated June 4, 2004. (3)
10.9 Definitive Outside Directors’ Stock Option Plan of Axion Power International, Inc. dated June 4, 2004. (3)
10.10 Executive Employment Agreement of Charles Mazzacato. (9)
10.11 Executive Employment Agreement of Peter Roston. (9)
10.12 Amended Retainer Agreement between the law firm of Fefer, Petersen & Cie dated March 31, 2005. (C)
10.13 Retainer Agreement between the law firm of Fefer, Petersen & Cie and Tamboril Cigar Company dated January 2, 2004. (10)

 

51
 

 

10.14 Bankruptcy Settlement Agreement Between Axion Power International, Inc. and Mega-C Power Corporation dated December, 2005. (E)
10.15 Second Amendment to Development and License Agreement between Axion Power International, Inc. and C and T Co. Incorporated dated as of March 18, 2005. (12)
10.16 Executive Employment Agreement of Thomas Granville dated June 23, 2008. (20)
     
10.17 Loan agreement between Axion Battery Products, Inc. as borrower, Axion Power International, Inc. as accommodation party and Robert Averill as lender respecting a $1,000,000 purchase money and working capital loan dated January 31, 2006. (14)
10.18 Security agreement between Axion Battery Products, Inc. as debtor and Robert Averill as secured party dated January 31, 2006. (14)
10.19 Security agreement between Axion Power International, Inc. as debtor and Robert Averill as secured party dated January 31, 2006. (14)
10.20 Promissory Note between Axion Battery Products, Inc. as maker and Robert Averill as payee dated February 14, 2006. (14)
10.21 Form of Warrant Agreement between Axion Power International, Inc. and Robert Averill. (14)
10.22 Commercial Lease Agreement between Axion Battery Products, Inc. as lessee and Steven F. Hoye and Steven C. Warner as lessors dated February 14, 2006. (14)
10.23 Asset Purchase Agreement dated between Axion Battery Products, Inc. as buyer and National City Bank of Pennsylvania as seller February 10, 2006. (14)
10.24 Escrow Agreement between Axion Battery Products, Inc. and National City Bank of Pennsylvania as parties in interest and William E. Kelleher, Jr. and James D. Newell as escrow agents dated February 14, 2006. (14)
10.25 Executive Employment Agreement of Edward Buiel dated June 23, 2008. (21)
10.26 Consulting Agreement, by and between Axion Power International, Inc. and Andrew Carr Conway, Jr. dated as of September 27, 2007. (16)
10.27 Amendment No. 1 to Consulting Agreement by and between Axion Power International, Inc. and Andrew Carr Conway, Jr. dated as of October 31, 2007. (16)
10.28 Securities Purchase Agreement by and between Axion Power International, Inc. and Quercus Trust dated as of January 14, 2008. (17)
10.29 Common Stock Purchase Warrant executed by Axion Power International, Inc. dated January 14, 2008. (17)
10.30 Executive Employment Agreement of Donald T. Hillier dated June 18, 2008. (19)
10.31 Amendment to Warrants and Securities Purchase Agreement by and between Axion Power International, Inc. and Quercus Trust dated as of September 22, 2009. (22)
10.32 Securities Purchase Agreement by and between Axion Power International, Inc. and the Investors named therein dated as of December 18, 2009. (23)
10.33 Registration Rights Agreement, executed by Axion Power International Inc. and the Investors named therein. (23)
10.34 Amendment No. 2 to Securities Purchase by and between Axion Power International, Inc. and Quercus Trust Agreement dated as of January 14, 2008. (23)
10.35 Lock-Up Agreement executed by Quercus Trust and David Gelbaum and Monica Chavez Gelbaum. (23)
10.36 Lease Agreement by and between Steven F. Hoye and Steven C. Warner, Lessor, and Axion Power Battery Manufacturing, Inc., Lessee dated March 28, 2010. (6)
     
10.37 Executive Employment Agreement of Charles R. Trego dated April 1, 2010. (24)
10.38 Executive Employment Agreement of Phillip S. Baker dated April 1, 2010. (24)
     
10.39 Executive Employment Agreement of Thomas Granville dated June 29, 2010. (26)
10.40 Amendment No. 3 to Securities Purchase Agreement by and between Axion Power International, Inc. and the Quercus Trust dated September 30, 2010. (27)
10.41 Commercial Lease with Becan Development, LLC dated November 4, 2010. (28)
10.42 Form of Subscription Agreement (30)
10.43 Placement Agency Agreement, dated January 31, 2012 (30)
10.44 Employment Agreement with Vani Kumar Dantam, dated January 2012  
     
31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)  
32.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)  
32.1 Statement of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section   1350 of Title 18 of the United States Code.  
     
32.2 Statement of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section   1350 of Title 18 of the United States Code.  

 

52
 

 

(1) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 15, 2004.
(2) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 5, 2003.
(3) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 7, 2004.
(4) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 13, 2004.
(5) Incorporated by reference from our Form S-3 registration statement dated May 20, 2004.
(6) Incorporated by reference from our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB dated March 30, 2004.
(7) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 13, 2003.
(8) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 16, 2004.
(9) Incorporated by reference from our Form S-1 registration statement dated September 2, 2004.
(10) Incorporated by reference from our Form S-1 registration statement dated December 17, 2004.
(11) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 28, 2005.
(12) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 21, 2005.
(13) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 8, 2006.
(14) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 16, 2006.
(15) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 3, 2007.
(16) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 6, 2007.
(17) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 17, 2008.
(18) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 31, 2008.
(19) Incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form S-1 dated July 3, 2008.
(20) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 27, 2008.
(21) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 2, 2008.
(22) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 22, 2009.
(23) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2009.
(24) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 6, 2010.
(25) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 15, 2010.
(26) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 6, 2010.
(27) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 4, 2010.
(28) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 10, 2010.
(29) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 22, 2011.
 (30) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 31, 2012.

 

(A) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated February 2, 2004.
(B) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 4, 2005.
(C) Incorporated by reference from our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 dated April 26, 2005.
(D) Incorporated by reference from our Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 13, 2005.

 

The following materials from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2011, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language: (i) the Condensed Balance Sheets, (ii) the  Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii)  the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to Condensed Financial Statements, as follows:

 

101.INS XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
101.PRE XBRL Extension Presentation Linkbase

Financial Statements

 

Consolidated Financial Statements for Axion Power International, Inc. for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively as set forth in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

53
 

 

SIGNATURES

 

In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

  AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.
   
  By: /s/ Thomas Granville
    Thomas Granville, Principal Executive Officer and Director
     
  Dated: March 22, 2013

 

  AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.
   
  By: /s/ Charles Trego
    Charles Trego, Principal Financial Officer
     
  Dated: March 22, 2013

 

In accordance with the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature   Title   Date
         
/s/ Robert G. Averill        
Robert G. Averill   Director   March 22, 2013
         
/s/ Michael Kishinevsky        
Michael Kishinevsky   Director   March 22, 2013
         
/s/ Howard K. Schmidt        
Howard K. Schmidt   Director   March 22, 2013
         
/s/ D. Walker Wainwright        
D. Walker Wainwright   Director   March 22, 2013

 

54

 

 EX-10.44 2 v332634_ex10-44.htm EXHIBIT 10.44

 

 

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

 

The Employee Employment Agreement is entered into this 19th day of December, 2011 and effective as of date, between Axion Power International, Inc., a Delaware corporation, having a place of business at 3601 Clover Lane, New Castle, Pennsylvania 16105 (the "Company") and Vani Kumar Dantam, of 13044 West Elster Way, Fishers, IN 46037 (the "Employee").

 

A.The Company is engaged in research, development, manufacturing and sales relating to a novel technology for a supercapacitor/battery hybrid that replaces the lead-based negative electrode in a lead-acid battery with a highly permeable nanoporous carbon electrode; and in research, development, manufacturing and sales relating to both conventional and advanced lead acid batteries including new grid technologies for the positive and potentially the negative late and carbon additives to the standard lead acid battery; and is exploring various other integration technologies for stationary and motive applications.

 

B.The Company owns all of the proprietary interests in the Company's good will and its Confidential Information (as hereinafter defined), all of which information is not publicly available and is considered by the Company to be confidential trade secrets. The Company imparts to its Employees, and said Employees require during the course of their employment, access to Confidential Information.

 

C.Employee during the course of Employee's employment with the Company: (i) will obtain material knowledge and information regarding the Company's Customers, including without limitation Customers' specialized requirements, preferences and financial condition, all of which are materially important in the Company's business relationship with such Customers; (ii) may perform duties for the Company, which duties themselves are of a highly confidential nature; (iii) is encouraged by the Company to develop personal relationships with the Company's suppliers, Customers and prospective Customers; (iv) generally has access to Confidential Information; and (v) has developed and will develop expertise in the field of lead-acid batteries, Axion's PbC Technology, battery testing, carbon sheeting, and other technologies currently under development by Axion.

 

D.The Company is vulnerable to unfair post-employment competition by Employee, since Employee has access to Confidential Information and has personal relationships with the Company's suppliers, Customers and prospective Customers.

 

E.Employee acknowledges the vulnerability of the Company to post-employment competition by Employee and is willing to enter into this Agreement with the Company, pursuant to which Employee agrees not to disclose any of the Company's Confidential Information and not to compete against the Company following termination of employment for the time periods and to the limited extent set forth in this Agreement.

 

F.The Company desires to employ Employee as its Sr. Vice President, Business Development Sales and Marketing and Employee desires to accept such employment, pursuant to the terms set forth in this Agreement.

 

 
 

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the promises and of the mutual covenants and agreements herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1)Employee Representations and Warranties. The Employee represents and warrants to the Company that he is free to accept employment hereunder and that he has no prior or other obligations or commitments of any kind to anyone that would in any way hinder or interfere with his acceptance of the full, uninhibited and faithful performance of this Agreement, or the exercise of his best efforts as an Employee officer of the Company.

 

2)Employment and Duties. The Company shall employ the Employee as its Vice President – Business Development, Sales and Marketing, and he will report directly to Thomas Granville, Chief Executive Officer.

 

3)Conduct of Employee. During the entire Term of this Agreement, the Employee shall devote his full business time, effort, skill and attention to the affairs of the Company and its subsidiaries, will use his best efforts to promote the interests of the Company, and will discharge his responsibilities in a diligent and faithful manner, consistent with sound business practices. In furtherance of the foregoing:

 

a)The Employee understands and agrees that he owes the Company a fiduciary duty, without limiting any other obligations or requirements that are imposed on the Employee by this Employment Agreement or by law. As such, the Employee shall occupy a position of and commit to the highest degree of trust, loyalty, honesty and good faith in all of his dealings with and on behalf of the Company.

 

b)The Employee represents that his employment by the Company will not conflict with any obligations which he has to any other person, firm or entity. The Employee specifically represents that he has not brought to the Company (during the period before the signing of this Agreement) and he will not bring to the Company any materials or documents of a former or present employer, or any confidential information or property of any other person, firm or entity.

 

c)The Company does not offer, pay, or receive payments in exchange for the referral of a customer. The Employee shall not receive any remuneration from any outside person or entity related to the services performed by the Employee for the Company or the products purchased or sold by the Company.

 

d)The Employee shall comply with all applicable laws, including Federal, State and Municipal purchasing requirements. The Employee understands that failure to do so exposes the Company, its officers, directors, mployees and agents to possible sanctions, monetary penalties, criminal prosecution and other disciplinary actions. The Employee shall seek appropriate guidance from the Company when the application of a law is unclear.

 

4)Conditions of Employment.

 

a)Term of Employment. Unless terminated earlier in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, the Company will employ the Employee for a period commencing on January 1, 2012 and terminating on December 31, 2014 (the "Term").

 

b)Place of Employment. The Employee shall occupy offices at the Company's facility in New Castle, PA. The Employee shall not be required to relocate to any other business location maintained by the Company although the Employee expressly agrees that regular travel shall be necessary as part of his duties.

 

c)Ownership of Company Records and Reports. The Employee shall not, except in the performance of his duties hereunder, at any time or in any manner make or cause to be made any copies, pictures, duplicates, facsimiles, or other reproductions or recordings or any abstracts or summaries of any reports, studies, memoranda, correspondence, manuals, records, plans or other written or otherwise recorded materials of any kind whatever belonging to or in the possession of the Company, or of any subsidiary or affiliate of the Company, including but not limited to materials describing or in any way relating to the Company's business activities including, but not limited to, its proprietary techniques and technologies, its operational and financial matters, its business and financial and development plans, its personnel training and development programs and its industry relationships. The Employee shall have no right, title or interest in any such material, and the Employee agrees that, except in the performance of his duties hereunder, he will not, without the prior written consent of the Company remove any such material from any premises of the Company, or any subsidiary or affiliate of the Company, and immediately upon the termination of his employment for any reason whatsoever Employee shall return to the Company all such material in his possession.

 

d)It is expressly agreed and understood that the Employee shall execute and be bound by the terms and conditions of the Employee Agreement which is attached hereto and made a part hereof as Exhibit A

 

 
 

 

5)Compensation.

 

a)The Company shall compensate the Employee for all services to be rendered by him during the Term as follows:

 

b)The Employee shall receive an annualized salary of $225,000 paid on a regular basis according to company payroll practice, which at the time of signing is bi-weekly (subject to change), for services rendered during the period commencing on January 1, 2012 and terminating on December 31, 2014. The Employee's salary shall be reviewed on an annual basis The amount of such Salary shall be subject to renegotiation based on the basis of the performance of the Employee and the performance of the Company. The Employee will also be eligible for bonus awards, based on plans, programs and/or milestones established by the CEO and advice and consent from the Compnesation Committee of the Board of Directors.

 

c)The Employee shall participate in any Employee compensation plans adopted by the shareholders of the Company; provided, however, that the discretionary authority to determine the level of the Employee's participation therein and the terms and conditions of such participation shall remain vested in the CEO and the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and the Compensation Committee shall have the authority to adjust such participation upward or downward from time to time in its sole discretion.

 

d)During the Term of this Agreement, the Company will reimburse the Employee for all reasonable business expenses incurred by him on behalf of the Company in the performance of his duties hereunder upon presentation of vouchers, receipts or other evidence of such expenses in accordance with the policies of the Company.

 

e)Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, it is agreed that the Employee shall be entitled to receive such incentive bonuses, stock options and other benefits as the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors may grant from time to time, and any income tax liabilities arising there from shall be due and payable at the Employee's sole expense, and the Employee acknowledges that the Company may make appropriate withholding from salary for such grants.

 

 
 

 

6)Stock Purchase Option.

 

a)The Company acknowledges that the Employee has agreed to devote substantially all of his business time and effort to the Company during the entire Extended Term of this Agreement. In recognition of the opportunity costs associated with such actions the Employee is hereby granted an option to purchase 150,000 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share. 15,020 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, starting the end of the third month, 3,970 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract. If the Employee's employment is terminated by the Company without cause (as defined in Section 7) or terminated by the Employee for good reason (as defined in Section 7), all unvested options shall immediately vest and become exercisable. In all other cases, all unvested options shall immediately terminate.

 

b)Furthermore, all unvested options shall vest in the Employee immediately prior to the consummation of (i) any merger, consolidation or similar business combination transaction where the Company is not the surviving entity, (ii) any sale of all or substantially all of the Company's assets where the proceeds are intended for distribution to the stockholders, (iii) any change in control whereby one group, or a number of groups acting in concert, obtains more than 50% of the Company's outstanding, or outstanding and issuable equity instruments. Notwithstanding the generality of the foregoing, rights represented by vested options shall not be affected by the termination of the Employee's employment because of the disability or death of the Employee. From and after the vesting dates, the vested options may be exercised at any time or from time to time, in whole or in part, for a period of five (5) years. The Option Agreement attached hereto as "Exhibit B" shall be executed concurrently with this Agreement.

 

c)Employee specifically acknowledges that all options in paragraphs 6 are fully restricted from resale under federal and state securities laws and regulations. Such restrictions from resale remain even after the vesting of such options, and all such options (including shares received upon option exercise) shall bear appropriate legends prohibiting resale, which shall not be removed upon vesting. The Company shall have no obligation to register such shares and options, which will remain unregistered in perpetuity, and the Company has no obligation to assist employee in finding exemptions from registration. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Employee is fully responsible for all income tax liability, if any, arising from such options and the sale of stock, and the Company has no obligation to reimburse Employee or assist in any other arrangements regarding such liability.

 

7)Termination of Employment.

 

a)This Agreement and the compensation payable to Employee hereunder shall terminate and cease to accrue forthwith upon Employee's death.

 

b)If the Employee's employment is terminated (i) other than for cause (as defined below) by the Company, or (ii) by the Employee for good reason (as defined below), the Company shall pay to Employee an aggregate severance amount equal to fifty (50%) of the Employee's annual base salary in effect as of the date of such termination (i.e., six (6) months' base salary and such amount being referred to as the "Severance Amount"). The Severance Amount may be paid in a single lump sum amount, provided that payment of the Severance Amount shall be contingent upon the Employee signing the release and waiver agreement.

 

For the purposes of this Agreement, "cause" for termination by the Company shall mean (1) a material breach of this Agreement by Employee; (ii) a breach of Employee's duty of loyalty to the Company or any act of dishonesty with respect to the Company or its stockholders, customers or suppliers; (iii) Employee's continued failure or refusal to perform, in any material respect, any duty or responsibility to the Company which is normally attached to Employee's position(after notice and a 10-day cure period), provided, however, any subsequent failure or refusal to perform such duty or responsibility shall entitle the Company to terminate employment for Just Cause without notice or an opportunity to cure; (iv) Employee's gross negligence or willful misconduct in performing those duties which are normally attached to Employee's position; (v) the commission by Employee of an act of fraud, conversion, misappropriation (including the unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential or proprietary information of the Company) or embezzlement or crime of moral turpitude; (vi) a conviction of or guilty plea or confession by Employee to any fraud, conversion, misappropriation, embezzlement or felony; (vii) the exposure of the Company to any criminal liability or loss of business opportunity or reduction in revenues or increase in losses substantially caused by the conduct of Employee which results in a material adverse effect upon the Company's business, operations, financial condition or results of operations or the exposure of the Company to any bona fide claims which may result in civil liability caused by Employee's unlawful harassment in employment; or (viii) the repeated taking of any action prohibited (a) by the Board or any of the Employee Officers, provided that Employee has received at least one written notice of having taken an action so prohibited, or (b) by this Agreement. For purposes of this Agreement, "Employee's duty of loyalty to the Company" shall include Employee's fiduciary obligation to place the interests of the Company ahead of Employee's personal interests and thereby not knowingly profit personally at the expense of the Company, and shall also include specifically the affirmative obligation to disclose promptly to the Board any known conflicts of interest Employee may have with respect to the Company, and the negative obligations not to usurp corporate opportunities of the Company, not to engage in. any "conflict-of-interest" transactions with the Company (without the approval of the Board), and not to compete directly with the Company (without the approval of the Board).

 

 
 

 

c)At the end of the initial term of this Agreement, the Employee's employment may be terminated by either party for any reason, or for no reason, upon written notice given not less than ninety (90) days prior to the termination date.

 

8)Specific Performance.

 

If any portion of this Agreement is found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be too broad to permit enforcement of such restriction to its full extent, then such restriction shall be enforced to the maximum extent permitted by law, and the Employee hereby consents and agrees that such scope may be judicially modified accordingly in any proceeding brought to enforce such restriction. All provisions of this Agreement are severable, and the unenforceability or invalidity of any single provision hereof shall not affect any remaining provision. The Employee acknowledges and agrees that the Company's remedy at law for any breach of any of his obligations hereunder would be inadequate, and agrees and consents that temporary and permanent injunctive relief may be granted in any proceeding that may be brought to enforce any provision of this Agreement without the necessity of proof of actual damage and without any bon or other security being required. Such remedies shall not be exclusive and shall be in addition to any other remedy which the Company may have.

 

9)Miscellaneous:

 

a)The failure of a party to insist on any occasion upon strict adherence to any Term of this Agreement shall not be considered to be a waiver or deprive that party of the right thereafter to insist upon strict adherence to that Term or any other Term of this Agreement. Any waiver must be in writing.

 

b)All notices and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be delivered personally or mailed by registered mail, return receipt requested, and shall be deemed given when so delivered or mailed, to a party at such address as a party may, from time to time, designate in writing to the other party.

 

c)Notwithstanding the termination of the Employee's employment hereunder, the provisions of Paragraphs 6, 7, 8 and 9 shall survive such termination.

 

d)This Agreement shall be assigned to and inure to the benefit of and be binding upon, any successor to substantially all of the assets and business of the Company as a going concern, whether by merger, consolidation, liquidation or sale of substantially all of the assets of the Company or otherwise.

 

e)This Agreement constitutes the entire Agreement between the parties regarding the above matters, and each party acknowledges that there are no other written or verbal Agreements or understandings relating to such subject matter between the Employee and the Company or between the Employee and any other individuals or entities other than those set forth herein. No amendment to this Agreement shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by both the parties hereto.

 

f)This agreement shall remain confidential between the parties and not disclosed to anyone unless agreed to by both parties or otherwise required by law.

 

g)Paragraph 6 of this Agreement shall be construed in accordance with the General Corporation Law of Delaware. All other provisions of this Agreement shall be construed according to the laws of the State of Pennsylvania pertaining to Agreements formed and to be formed wholly within the State of Pennsylvania. The Employee represents and warrants that he has reviewed this Agreement in detail with his legal and other advisors, as lie considers appropriate, and that he fully understands the consequences to him of its provisions. The Employee is relying on his own judgment and the judgment of his advisors with respect to this Agreement.

 

 
 

 

h)In the event a dispute arises out of, in connection with, or with respect to this Agreement, or any breach thereof, such dispute shall, on the written request of one party delivered tothe other party, be submitted to and settled by binding arbitration before a single arbitrator conducted in New Castle, Pennsylvania, United States in accordance with the Laws of the State of Pennsylvania. The award of such arbitrator shall be final and may be entered by any party hereto in any court of competent jurisdiction. The party against whom the arbitrator's award is rendered shall pay all costs and expenses of such arbitration, unless the arbitrator shall specifically allocate costs in a different manner because the award is not entirely in favor of either party.

 

i)This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, which will each be deemed to be an original for all purposes hereof.

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have signed this Agreement intending to be bound thereby.

 

/s/ Thomas G. Granville 1/6/12
Thomas G. Granville, Chief Executive Officer Date Signed
   
/s/ Vani Kumar Dantam 12/26/2011
Employee Signature Date Signed
   
VANI KUMAR DANTAM  
Employee Printed Name  

  

 
 

 

EXHIBIT A

Employee Agreement

 

AXION POWER INTERNATIONAL, INC.

 

EMPLOYEE AGREEMENT

 

 

Dantam Vani K 
     
EMPLOYEES LAST NAME FIRST NAME INITIAL

 

 

1)AXION means Axion Power International, Inc., and any existing or future subsidiaries, owned or controlled, directly or indirectly by Axion.

 

2)CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION means information, not generally known, and proprietary to Axion, including trade secret information, about Axion’s processes and products, including information relating to research, development, manufacture, purchasing, accounting, engineering, marketing, merchandising, selling, leasing, servicing, finance and business systems and techniques. All information disclosed to me, or to which I have reasonable basis to believe to be a Confidential Information, or which is treated by Axion as being Confidential Information, shall be presumed to be Confidential Information.

 

3)INVENTIONS means discoveries, improvements and ideas (whether or not shown or described in writing or reduced to practice) and works of authorship, whether or not patentable or copyrightable, (1) which relate directly to the business of Axion, or (2) which relate to Axionis actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (3) which result from any work performed by me for Axion, or (4) for which equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information of Axion is used, or (5) which is developed on any Axion time.

 

4)CONFLICTING PRODUCT means any product, process, system or service of any person or organization other than Axion, in existence or under development, which is the same as or similar to or competes with, or has a usage allied to, a product, process, system or service upon which I work (in either a sales or a non-sales capacity) during the last three years of my employment by Axion, or about which I kcquiro Confidential Information

 

5)CONFLICTING ORGANIZATION means any person or organization which is engaged in or about to become engaged in, research on or development, production, marketing, leasing, selling or servicing of a Conflicting Product,

 

I AM EMPLOYED OR DESIRE TO BE EMPLOYED BY AXION IN A CAPACITY IN WHICH I MAY RECEIVE OR CONTRIBUTE TO CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION. IN CONSIDERATION OF SUCH EMPLOYMENT OR CONTINUED EMPLOYMENT, AND THE WAGES OR SALARY AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFITS IN COMPENSATION FOR MY SERVICES, AND IN CONSIDERATION OF BEING GIVEN ACCESS TO CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION; I AGREE THAT:

 

1)With respect to Inventions made, authorized or conceived by me, either solely or jointly with others, (1) during my employment, whether or not during normal working hours or whether or not at Axion's premises; or (2) within one year after termination of my employment, I will:

 

a)Keep accurate, complete and timely records of such Inventions, which records shall be Axion property and be retained on Axion's premises.

 

b)Promptly and fully disclose and describe such Inventions in writing to Axion.

 

c)Assign (and I do hereby assign) to Axion all of my rights to such Inventions and to applications for letters patent and/or copyright in all countries and to letters patent and/or copyrights granted upon such Inventions in all countries,

 

 
 

 

d)Acknowledge and deliver promptly to Axion (without charge to Axion but at the expense of Axion) such written instruments and to do such other acts as may be necessary in the opinion of Axion to preserve property rights against forfeiture, abandonment or loss and to obtain and maintain letters patent and/or copyrights and to vest the entire right and title thereto in Axion.

 

e)At the request of Axion and at its cost, the Employee shall assist Axion, or any person or persons from time to time designated by it, to obtain the copyright, trademark and/or grant of patents in the United States and/or in such other country or countries as may be designated by Axion, covering such improvements, discoveries, ideas and inventions and shall in connection therewith and in connection with the defense of any patents execute such applications, statements or other documents, furnish such information and data and take all such other action (including, but not limited to, the giving of testimony) as Axion may from time to time reasonable request.

 

NOTICE; This is to notify you that paragraph A of this Axion "Employee Agreement" you are being asked to sign as a condition of your employment does not apply to an Invention for which no equipment, supplies, facility or trade secret information of Axion was used and which was developed entirely on your own time, and (1) which does not relate (a) directly to the business of Axion or (b) to Axion's actual or demonstrably anticipated research or development, or (2) which does not result from any work performed by you for Axion.

 

2)EXCEPT as required in my duties to Axion, I will never, either during my employment by Axion or thereafter, use or disclose any Confidential Information as defined in paragraph 2 hereinabove.

 

3)UPON termination of my employment with Axion, all records and any compositions, articles, devices, and other items which disclose or embody Confidential Information including all copies or specimens thereof in my possession, whether prepared or made by me or others, will be left with Axion.

 

4)EXCEPT as listed at the end of this Agreement, I will not assert any rights under any Inventions as having been made, conceived, authored or acquired by me prior to my being employed by Axion.

 

5)FOR a period of two years after termination of my employment with Axion:

 

a)I will inform any new employer, prior to accepting employment of the existence of this Employee agreement and provide such employer with a copy thereof.

 

b)If I have been or am employed by Axion in a sales capacity, I will not render services in the United States, directly or indirectly, to any Conflicting Organization in connection with the development, manufacture, marketing, sale, merchandising, leasing, servicing or promotion of any Conflicting Product to any person or organization upon whom I called, or whose account I supervised on behalf of Axion, at any time during the last three years of my employment by Axion.

 

c)If I have been or am employed by Axion in a non-sales capacity, I will not render, to any Conflicting Organization, services, directly or indirectly, in the United States or in any country in which Axion has a plant for manufacturing a product upon which I work during my employment by Axion or in which Axion provides a service in which I participate during my employment by Axion, except that I may accept employment with a large Conflicting Organization whose business is diversified (and which has separate and distinct divisions),and which as to part of its business is not a Conflicting Organization, provided Axion, prior to my accepting such employment, shall receive separate written assurances satisfactory to Axion from such Conflicting Organization and from me, that I will not render services directly or indirectly in connection with any Conflicting Product.

 

d)If I am unable to obtain employment consistent with my abilities and education, within one month after termination of my employment with Axion, solely because of provisions of this paragraph E, such provisions shall thereafter continue to bind me only as long as Axion shall make payments to me equal to my monthly base pay at termination (exclusive of extra compensation, bonus or Employee benefits) for each month of such unemployment commencing with the second month after termination of my employment with Axion.

 

(1)I agree that I will, during each month of such unemployment, make conscientious and aggressive efforts to find employment; and I will, within ten days after the end of each calendar month, give Axion a detailed written account of my efforts to obtain employment. Such account will include a statement by me that although I aggressively sought employment, I was unable to obtain it solely because of the provisions of this paragraph E.

 

 
 

 

(2)It is understood that Axion shall, at its option, be relieved of making a monthly payment to me for any month during which I failed to seek employment conscientiously and aggressively, and to account to Axion, as provided for above.

 

(3)Axion is obligated to make such payments to me, upon my fulfillment of the conditions set forth above, for 23 consecutive months unless Axion gives me written permission to accept available employment, or gives me a written release from the obligations of paragraph E.

 

(4)Axion's obligation to make such monthly payments shall terminate upon my death or upon my obtaining employment. I agree that I will give prompt written notice of such employment to Axion.

 

(5)Axion shall not be liable, under this Agreement, or in any action relating thereto, for any amount greater than the equivalent of 23 such monthly payments, less amounts paid to me by Axion pursuant to this Agreement; Axton not being obliged to make a payment to me for the first month of such unemployment.

 

e)If, after termination of my employment with Axion, I obtain other employment but because of the provisions of paragraph E, my position is such that my gross monthly income will be less than that which I last received from Axion as monthly base pay at termination, then Axion's obligations to make payments to me for the period specified in paragraph E. d. will be limited to the difference between my monthly base pay at Axion, at termination, and the gross monthly income I will receive in my subsequent employment.

 

f)ALL MY obligations under paragraphs A through D of this Agreement shall be binding upon my heirs, spouses, assigns and legal representatives.

 

g)IF ANY provision of this Agreement shall contravene any statute of a particular state which I perform services for Axion, then this Agreement shall be construed as if such provision is not contained herein insofar as enforcement of this Agreement against me in such particular state is concerned.

 

h)THIS AGREEMENT replaces any existing Agreement entered into by me and Axion relating generally to the same subject matter; but such replacement shall not affect rights and obligations of either party arising out of any such prior Agreement which shall then continue to be in effect for that purpose.

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have signed this Agreement intending to be bound thereby.

 

/s/ Thomas G. Granville 1/6/12
Trout Group Date Signed
   
/s/ Vani Kumar Dantam 12/26/2011
Employee Signature Date Signed
   
VANI KUMAR DANTAM  
Employee Printed Name  

 

 
 

 

EXHIBIT "B"

 

NONQUALIFIED STOCK PURCHASE OPTION AGREEMENT RECITALS

 

WHEREAS, the Company and the Optionee have entered into an employment agreement that . requires the Company to grant the Optionee an option to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a price of $ 1.50 per share as partial consideration for the services to be rendered under the agreement; and

 

WHEREAS, the Board of Directors (the "Board") has determined that it would be in the best interests of the Company and its stockholders to grant the option provided for herein (the "Option") as an inducement to serve as an employee of the Company and to provide Optionee with a proprietary interest in the future of the Company;

 

NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants hereinafter set forth, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

I)Grant of the Option. The Company hereby grants to Optionee the right and option to purchase, on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth, all or any part of an aggregate of 150,000 shares (the "Stock") of the presently authorized but unissued common stock, par value $.0001 per share, of the Company (the "Common Stock"). The purchase price of the Stock subject to this Option shall be $1.50 per share.

 

2)Vesting of the Option. As long as the Optionee remains an employee of the Company, the options granted hereby shall vest based on the following schedule:

 

15,020 options shall vest upon execution of this Agreement.

 

3,970 options shall vest on the last day of each month commencing March 1, 2012 through and including December 31, 2014.

 

If the Optionee's employment is terminated by the Company without good reason or terminated by the Optionee for good reason, all unvested options shall immediately vest and become exercisable. In all other cases, all unvested options shall immediately terminate. From and after the vesting dates, the vested options may be exercised at any time or from time to time, in whole or in part, for a period of five (5) years. Notwithstanding the generality of the foregoing, rights represented by vested options shall not be affected by the termination of the Optionee's employment because of the disability or death of the Optionee.

 

3)Exercise of Option.

 

(a)Vested Options may only be exercised by the Optionee who shall have the right to exercise such Option in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time during the period commencing on a vesting date and terminating on the third anniversary of such vesting date. The Option is not transferable or assignable by the Optionee other than by will, as a result of the laws of descent and distribution or pursuant to a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, If the Option is transferred by will, as a result of the laws of descent and distribution or pursuant to a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, the transferee shall have all of the rights, powers and privileges that the Optionee would have had in the absence of such a transfer.

 

b)This Option may be exercised by written notice of intent to exercise the Option delivered to the Company at its principal office no fewer than five days in advance of the effective date of the proposed exercise. Such notice shall be accompanied by this Agreement, shall specify the number of shares of Common Stock with respect to which the Option is being exercised and shall specify the proposed effective date of such exercise. Such notice shall also be accompanied by payment in full to the Company at its principal office of the option price for the number of shares of the Common Stock with respect to which the Option is then being exercised. The payment of the option price shall be made in cash or by certified check, bank draft, or postal or express money order payable to the order of the Company or, with the consent of the Board, in whole or in part in Common Stock which is owned by the Optionee and valued at its Fair Market Value on the date of exercise. Any payment in shares of Common Stock shall be effected by delivery of such shares to the Secretary of the Company, duly endorsed in blank or accompanied by stock powers duly executed in blank, together with any other documents or evidence as the Secretary of the Company shall require from time to time.

 

c)Upon the Company's determination that the Option has been validly exercised as to any of the Stock, the Secretary of the Company shall issue a certificate or certificates in the Optionee's name for the number of shares set forth in his written notice. However, the Company shall not be liable to the Optionee for damages relating to any delays in issuing the certificate(s) to him, any loss of the certificate(s), or any mistakes or errors in the issuance of the certificate(s) or in the certificate(s) themselves.

 

 
 

 

4)Term of Employment. This Option shall not grant to Optionee any right to continue serving as an employee of the Company.

 

5)Notices; Deliveries. Any notice or delivery required to be given under the terms of this Option Agreement shall be addressed to the Company in care of its Secretary at its principal office, 3601 Clover Lane, New Castle, Pennsylvania, 16105, and any notice or delivery to be given to Optionee shall be addressed to him at such address as the Optionee may hereafter designate in writing. Any such notice or delivery shall be effective as of the date of receipt.

 

6)Disputes. As a condition of the granting of the Option hereby, the Optionee and his heirs and successors agree that any dispute or disagreement which may arise hereunder shall be determined by the Board in its sole discretion and judgment, and that any such determination and any interpretation by the Board of the terms of this Option shall be final and shall be binding and conclusive, for all purposes, upon the Company, Optionee, his heirs and personal representatives.

 

7)Legend on Certificates. The certificate(s) representing the shares of Stock purchased by exercise of this Option will be stamped or otherwise imprinted with a legend in such form as the Company or its counsel may require with respect to any applicable restrictions on the sale or transfer of such shares and the stock transfer records of the Company will reflect stop-transfer instructions with respect to such shares. The Company is under no obligation to remove this legend for any reason whatsoever.

 

8)Miscellaneous.

 

a)All decisions of the Board upon any questions arising under the Plan or under this Option Agreement shall be conclusive.

 

 
 

 

 

b)Nothing herein contained shall affect Optionee's right to participate in and receive benefits from and in accordance with the then current provisions of any pension, insurance or other employee welfare plan or program of the Company.

 

c)Optionee agrees to make appropriate arrangements with the Company for satisfaction of any applicable federal, state or local income tax, withholding requirements or like requirements, including the payment to the Company at the time of exercise of the Option of all such taxes and requirements.

 

d)Whenever the term "Optionee" is used herein under circumstances applicable to any other person or persons to whom this Option, in accordance with the provisions hereof, may be transferred, the word "Optionee" shall be deemed to include such person or persons.

 

e)Notwithstanding any of the other provisions hereof, Optionee agrees that he will not exercise this Option and that the Company will not be obligated to issue any of the Stock pursuant to this Option Agreement, if the exercise of the Option or the issuance of such shares of Common Stock would constitute a violation by the Optionee or by the Company of any provision of any law or regulation of any governmental authority or national securities exchange. Upon the acquisition of any Stock pursuant to the exercise of the Option herein granted, Optionee will enter into such written representations, warranties and agreements as the Company may reasonably request in order to comply with applicable securities laws or with this Agreement.

 

f)This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of any successor or successors of the Company. The interpretation, performance and enforcement of this Option Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware.

 

The parties have fully read and understand this STOCK PURCHASE OPTION AGREEMENT in its entirety and have signed it on the dates indicated in the spaces provided below.

 

 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have signed this Agreement intending to be bound thereby.

 

/s/ Thomas G. Granville 1/6/12
Thomas G. Granville, Chief Executive Officer Date Signed
   
/s/ Vani Kumar Dantam 12/26/2011
Employee Signature Date Signed
   
VANI KUMAR DANTAM  
Employee Printed Name  

 

 

 

 

 

 EX-31.1 3 v332634_ex31-1.htm EXHIBIT 31.1

 

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

 

I, Thomas Granville, certify that:

 

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Axion Power International, Inc.;

 

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

 

  /s/ Thomas Granville  
  Thomas Granville, Principal Executive Officer
   
  Dated: March 22, 2013

 

 

 

 EX-31.2 4 v332634_ex31-2.htm EXHIBIT 31.2

 

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

 

I, Charles R. Trego, certify that:

 

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Axion Power International, Inc.;

 

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

4. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(e) and 15d–15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a–15(f) and 15d–15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

 

5. The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

 

  /s/ Charles R. Trego  
  Charles R. Trego, Principal Financial Officer  
     
  Dated: March 22, 2013  

 

 

 

 

 EX-32.1 5 v332634_ex32-1.htm EXHIBIT 32.1

 

EXHIBIT 32.1

 

STATEMENT OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 1350 OF TITLE 18 OF THE UNITED STATES CODE

 

Pursuant to Section 1350 of Title 18 of the United States Code, the undersigned, Thomas Granville, Principal Executive Officer of Axion Power International, Inc. (the “Company”), hereby certifies that:

 

The Company’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2012 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

  /s/ Thomas Granville  
  Thomas Granville, Principal Executive Officer  
     
  Dated: March 22, 2013  

 

 

 

 EX-32.2 6 v332634_ex32-2.htm EXHIBIT 32.2

 

EXHIBIT 32.2

 

STATEMENT OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 1350 OF TITLE 18 OF THE UNITED STATES CODE

 

Pursuant to Section 1350 of Title 18 of the United States Code, the undersigned, Thomas Granville, Principal Financial Officer of Axion Power International, Inc. (the “Company”), hereby certifies that:

 

The Company’s Form 10-K Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2012 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

 

The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

 

  /s/ Charles R. Trego  
  Charles R. Trego, Principal Financial Officer  
     
  Dated: March 22, 2013  

 

 

 

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Income Taxes Expense (Benefit) (Details 3)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Dec. 31, 2011
Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate (34.00%) (34.00%)
Prior period adjustments 0.00% 0.00%
State taxes, net (6.60%) (6.70%)
Foreign currency fluctuation (0.60%) 0.60%
U.S. tax credits 0.00% 0.00%
Revaluation of Derivatives (0.10%) (0.50%)
(Other) 0.10% 0.10%
Change in valuation allowance 41.10% 40.50%
Effective income tax rate 0.00% 0.00%
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    Equity Compensation (Details 2) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Options subject to future vesting - Shares 1,393,638
    Options granted - Shares 536,429
    Options forfeited or lapsed - Shares (101,582)
    Options vested - Shares (718,338)
    Options subject to future vesting - Shares 1,110,147
    Options subject to future vesting - Fair Value $ 0.43
    Options granted - Fair Value $ 0.15
    Options forfeited or lapsed - Fair Value $ 0.25
    Options vested - Fair Value $ 0.42
    Options subject to future vesting - Fair Value $ 0.40
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    Accounting Policies (Details 1) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Less accumulated depreciation $ (4,082,736) $ (2,762,142)
    Property & equipment, net 7,963,041 8,417,163
    Minimum [Member]
    		    
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life 3 years  
    Maximum [Member]
    		    
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life 22 years  
    Construction In Progress [Member]
    		    
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross 476,257 1,651,204
    Leasehold Improvements [Member]
    		    
    Estimated useful life Lesser of lease term or 10 years  
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross 382,680 371,948
    Machinery and Equipment [Member]
    		    
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross $ 11,186,840 $ 9,156,153
    Machinery and Equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]
    		    
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life 3 years  
    Machinery and Equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]
    		    
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life 22 years  
    XML 18 R42.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Supplemental Cash Flow Information (Details Textual) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Interest Paid $ 17,595 $ 18,042
    XML 19 R37.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Income Taxes Expense (Benefit) (Details 1) (USD $)
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Future tax benefit arising from net operating loss carry forwards $ 21,100,000 $ 17,748,000
    Future tax benefit arising from available tax credits 1,373,000 1,373,000
    Future tax benefit arising from options/warrants issued for Services 1,210,000 1,029,000
    Other 222,000 225,000
    Total future tax benefit 23,905,000 20,375,000
    Less valuation allowance (23,905,000) (20,375,000)
    Net deferred tax $ 0 $ 0
    XML 20 R9.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Going Concern
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Going Concern [Abstract]  
    Going Concern [Text Block]

    Note 3 - Going Concern

     

    The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. At December 31, 2012 the Company’s working capital was $4.8 million.  The financial resources of the Company will not provide sufficient funds for the Company’s operations beyond April 30, 2013, as those operations currently exist. Subsequent funding will be required to fund the Company’s ongoing operations, working capital, and capital expenditures beyond April 30, 2013. No assurances can be given that the Company will be successful in arranging the further funds needed to continue the execution of its business plan, which includes the development and commercialization of new products, or even if further funding is available, upon what terms. Failure to obtain such funds on terms acceptable to the Company’s management will require management to substantially curtail, if not cease, operations, which will result in a material adverse effect on the financial position and results of operations of the Company. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might occur if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.
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    Commitments and Contingencies and Significant Contracts (Details) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Options - Granted 536,429 579,552
    Weighted Average Exercise - Granted $ 1.13 $ 1.22
    Thomas Granville [Member]
    		    
    Position Of Employee CEO [1]  
    Date Of Employment Agreement Jun. 29, 2010 [1]  
    Term Of Employment Agreement 3 years [1]  
    Employment Agreement Salary $ 380,000 [1]  
    Options - Granted 360,000 [1]  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Granted $ 1.5 [1]  
    Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights Monthly [1]  
    Non-vested - Options granted 0 [1]  
    Charles R Trego [Member]
    		    
    Position Of Employee CFO [2]  
    Date Of Employment Agreement Apr. 01, 2010 [2]  
    Term Of Employment Agreement 3 years [2]  
    Employment Agreement Salary 225,000 [2]  
    Options - Granted 265,000 [2]  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Granted $ 1.5 [2]  
    Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights Monthly [2]  
    Non-vested - Options granted 0 [2]  
    Philip S Baker [Member]
    		    
    Position Of Employee COO [3]  
    Date Of Employment Agreement Apr. 01, 2010 [3]  
    Term Of Employment Agreement 3 years [3]  
    Employment Agreement Salary 199,800 [3]  
    Options - Granted 230,000 [3]  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Granted $ 1.5 [3]  
    Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights Monthly [3]  
    Non-vested - Options granted 0 [3]  
    Vani K Dantam [Member]
    		    
    Position Of Employee Sr. VP [4]  
    Date Of Employment Agreement Jan. 23, 2012 [4]  
    Term Of Employment Agreement 3 years [4]  
    Employment Agreement Salary $ 225,000 [4]  
    Options - Granted 150,000 [4]  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Granted $ 1.5 [4]  
    Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Award Vesting Rights Monthly [4]  
    Non-vested - Options granted 0 [4]  
    [1] Thomas Granville. On June 29, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Thomas Granville as Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Granville receives an annual salary of $380,000, and an annual car allowance of $9,000 for the period commencing June 29, 2010, and terminating June 30, 2013. Mr. Granville's base salary is subject to annual review, and such salary is subject to renegotiation on the basis of Mr. Granville's and the Company's performance. In addition, Mr. Granville received a signing bonus of $270,000 and was paid on July 9, 2010. The Company also granted Mr. Granville an option to purchase 360,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share at a vesting rate of 10,000 shares per month through the term of the agreement. Mr. Granville is eligible to participate in any executive compensation plans adopted by the shareholders of the Company and the Company's standard employee benefit programs.
    [2] Charles R. Trego. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Charles R. Trego as Chief Financial Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years, Mr. Trego receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $9,000, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5-year option to purchase 265,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 27,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June 2010, 7,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.
    [3] Philip S. Baker. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Philip S. Baker as Chief Operating Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years, Mr. Baker receives an annual salary of $199,800, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $6,000, and a 5-year option to purchase 230,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 26,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June, 2010, 6,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.
    [4] Vani K. Dantam. On January 1, 2012, The Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Vani Dantam as Senior Vice President Business Development, Sales & Marketing. Pursuant to this agreement which has a term of three years, Mr. Dantam receives an annual salary of $225,000 , which is subject to review on an annual basis, a $20,000 sign-on bonus which was paid in January 2102 , bonuses as determined by the compensation committee , and a 5- year option to purchase to purchase 150,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share, 15,020 options vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning March 2012, 3,970 options will vest monthly.

    XML 23 R29.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Stockholders' Equity (Details) (Warrant [Member], USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Warrant [Member]
    		    
    Warrants outstanding January 1 11,896,070 12,973,820
    Granted during year 0 0
    Exercised 0 0
    Lapsed 173,755 (1,077,750)
    Outstanding at December 31 11,712,315 11,896,070
    Weighted average years remaining 3 months 18 days 1 year 3 months 18 days
    Weighted Average Exercise price Warrants outstanding $ 0.85 $ 1.18
    WeightedAverage Exerciseprice Granted during year $ 0 $ 0
    WeightedAverage Exerciseprice Exercised $ 0 $ 0
    WeightedAverage Exerciseprice Lapsed $ 2.35 $ 4.74
    Weighted Average Exercise price Warrants outstanding $ 0.83 $ 0.85
    XML 24 R28.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Going Concern (Details Textual) (USD $)
    In Millions, unless otherwise specified
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Working Capital $ 4.8
    XML 25 R44.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Commitments and Contingencies and Significant Contracts (Details Textual) (USD $)
    		 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
    May 31, 2011
    May 31, 2010
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    May 26, 2011
    sqft
    Nov. 04, 2010
    sqft
    Apr. 03, 2010
    sqft
    Apr. 03, 2010
    Office Lab and Lunch [Member]
    sqft
    Apr. 03, 2010
    Manufacuring [Member]
    sqft
    Apr. 03, 2010
    Lab [Member]
    sqft
    Apr. 03, 2010
    Storage Building [Member]
    sqft
    Apr. 03, 2010
    Basement [Member]
    sqft
    Dec. 31, 2010
    Thomas Granville [Member]
    Apr. 30, 2010
    Charles R Trego [Member]
    Dec. 31, 2010
    Charles R Trego [Member]
    Apr. 30, 2010
    Philip S Baker [Member]
    Dec. 31, 2010
    Philip S Baker [Member]
    Jan. 31, 2012
    Vani K Dantam [Member]
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Vani K Dantam [Member]
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Becan Development Llc [Member]
    Lease Initial Term     3 years                                  
    Lease Monthly Rental Expense     $ 17,200                                 $ 19,297
    Fire and Casualty Insurance Coverage     100.00%                                  
    Lease Monthly Rental Expense For Additional Space 500.00                                      
    Lease Expiration Date                                       Dec. 31, 2015
    Employment Agreement Annual Car Allowance                         9,000   9,000   6,000      
    Employment Agreement Bonus                         270,000           20,000  
    Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested In Period (in shares)                         10,000 27,000 7,000 26,000 6,000 15,020 3,970  
    Research and Development Arrangement with Federal Government, Customer Funding to Offset Costs Incurred   1,004,747                                    
    Service Revenue From Contract Contributions       $ 387,645                                
    Area Of Floor             70,438 7,859 46,931 1,488 9,200 5,000                
    Area Of Additional Floor Space Taken For Lease         2,160                              
    Total Area Of Floor Space Taken For Lease         72,598                              
    Area of Land           45,000                            
    XML 26 R30.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Stockholders' Equity (Details Textual) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Common stock, shares authorized 200,000,000 200,000,000
    Convertible preferred stock, shares authorized 12,500,000 12,500,000
    Increase In Common Stock Shares Authorized   75,000,000
    Common stock, shares issued 113,260,006 85,531,114
    Common stock, shares outstanding 113,260,006 85,531,114
    Common Stock, Voting Rights the holders of more than 50% of the shares voted for the election of directors can elect all of the directors.  
    Warrant [Member]
    		    
    Derivative Liabilities 1,085,714 1,085,714
    XML 27 R31.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Equity Compensation (Details)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Year 2011 [Member]
    		  
    Risk-free interest rate 1.40%
    Dividend yield 0.00%
    Expected volatility 59.40%
    Expected term (in years) 76 months
    Year 2012 [Member]
    		  
    Risk-free interest rate 0.42%
    Dividend yield 0.00%
    Expected volatility 61.12%
    Expected term (in years) 96 months
    XML 28 R8.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Accounting Policies
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
    Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

    Note 2 — Accounting Policies

     

    Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the estimates.

     

    Principles of Consolidation:   The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Axion Power Battery Manufacturing, Inc., APC and C&T. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

     

    Segment Reporting: Management has determined that the Company is organized, managed and internally reported as one business segment.

     

    Foreign Currency Translation: The accounts of APC and C&T are measured using the Canadian dollar as the functional currency for all the periods presented in the financial statements. The translation from Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars is performed for the balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at each of the balance sheet dates, and for the revenue and expense accounts using the average rate in effect during the periods. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders’ equity. Gains or losses resulting from transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred. Any gains or losses arising from the inter-company loan denominated in U.S. dollars are directly reflected in other comprehensive income, as the amounts are not expected to be repaid in the foreseeable future.

     

    Comprehensive Income: The Company follows FASB ASC 220, “Comprehensive Income.” Comprehensive income is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a reporting period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. In addition to the Company’s net loss, the change in equity components under comprehensive income include any foreign currency translation adjustment.

     

    Fair Value of Financial Instruments: FASB ASC 825, “Financial Instruments," requires disclosure of fair value information about certain financial instruments, including, but not limited to, cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, refundable tax credits, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued expenses, notes payable to related parties and convertible debt-related securities. Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. The carrying value of the balance sheet financial instruments included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements approximated their fair values.

     

    Cash and Cash Equivalents:   For financial statement presentation purposes, the Company considers those short-term, highly liquid investments to be cash or cash equivalents. Our investment policy is that we only invest cash in U.S. Government Treasuries with original maturities of six months or less. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had a thirty day Certificate of Deposit valued at $1.0 million.

     

    Accounts Receivable and Concentration of Credit Risk: The Company records its accounts receivable net of any allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company manages its credit risk exposure and establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts that are deemed at risk for collection. When management determines that an account is uncollectible, it is written off against the related allowance. No allowance was considered necessary as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.

     

    Inventory: Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost or market value, and adjusted as appropriate for decreases in valuation and obsolescence. Adjustments to the valuation and obsolescence reserves are made after analyzing market conditions, historical sales activity, inventory costs and inventory composition to determine appropriate reserve levels. Cost is determined using the first-in first-out (FIFO) method. Many components and raw materials we purchase have minimum order quantities. 

      

    A summary of inventory at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows: 

     

        2012     2011  
    Raw materials   $ 945,763     $ 1,534,957  
    Work in process     471,935       1,070,901  
    Finished goods     1,677,605       359,540  
    Inventory reserves     (256,512 )     (248,225 )
        $ 2,838,791     $ 2,717,173  

     

    Property and Equipment:   Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from 3 to 22 years. Expenditures for renewals and betterments are capitalized. Expenditures for minor items are charged to repairs and maintenance expense. Gain or loss upon sale or retirement is reflected in operating results in the period the event takes place.

     

    A summary of property and equipment at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

     

        Estimated useful life   2012     2011  
    Construction in progress       $ 476,257     $ 1,651,204  
    Leasehold improvements   Lesser of lease term
    or 10 years    		     382,680       371,948  
    Machinery & equipment   3-22 years     11,186,840       9,156,153  
    Less accumulated depreciation         (4,082,736 )     (2,762,142 )
    Net       $ 7,963,041     $ 8,417,163  

     

    Depreciation expense was $1,320,594 and $1,014,661 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 respectively.

     

    Certain of our machinery and equipment amounting to $1,582,111 are secured by the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development in relation to the Machinery and Equipment Loan Fund financing. The initial loan proceeds in the amount of $776,244 were received by us on September 14, 2009. The proceeds of the loan were used to defray part of the cost of equipment purchased for use at our Green Ridge Road and Clover Lane facilities. The loan bears interest at the rate of 3% interest per annum and is payable in equal monthly installments of principal and interest over a period of seven years, maturing on October 1, 2016.  

     

    Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets: The Company adopted the provisions of FASB ASC 360-10-15-3, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets.” This standard requires, among other things, that long-lived assets be reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these expected cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. The primary measure of fair value is based on undiscounted future cash flows. The measurement of impairment requires management to make estimates of these cash flows related to long-lived assets, as well as other fair value determinations. There was no impairment loss recorded for year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to an impairment loss of $308,882 in 2011.

     

    Derivative Financial Instruments: The Company’s objectives in using derivative financial instruments are to obtain the lowest cash cost-source of funds. Derivative liabilities are recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value based on the criteria specified in FASB ASC topic 815-40 " Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s own Equity ". The estimated fair value of the derivative liabilities is calculated using the Black-Scholes-Merton method where applicable and such estimates are revalued at each balance sheet date, with changes in value recorded as other income or expense in the consolidated statement of operations. As a result of the Company’s adoption of ASC topic 815-40, effective January 1, 2009 some of the Company’s warrants are now accounted for as derivatives. 

     

    A summary of the assumptions used for the derivative revaluations at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

     

        2012     2011  
    Exercise price   $ 0.57     $ 0.57  
    Risk-free interest rate     0.33 %     0.25 %
    Dividend yield   $ -     $ -  
    Expected volatility     59.31 %     56.78 %
    Expected term (in years)     0.27       1.27  

     

    Revenue Recognition: The Company recognizes revenue when there is persuasive evidence of an agreement, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the sales price to the buyer is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Evidence of an agreement and fixed or determinable sales price is predominantly based on a customer purchase order or other form of written sales order or written agreement. Sales on account are approved only for credit-worthy customers; otherwise partial or full payment.is received prior to shipment. Shipping terms are generally FOB shipping point and revenue is recognized when product is shipped to the customer. In limited cases, if terms are FOB destination or contingent upon collection by a prime contractor, then in these cases, revenue is recognized when the product is delivered to the customer’s designated delivery site or the conditions for collection have been fulfilled. The Company records sales net of discounts and estimated customer allowances and returns. We offer a 90 day free replacement warranty on some specialty collector car and motorsports products. Collector car products also carry a four year prorated warranty that begins at the end of the 90 days. To date, our warranty exposure on these battery products has been minimal. Flooded battery sales do not have standard warranty provisions and instead are sold at a discount in lieu of warranty.  There were no other post shipment obligations that may impact the timing of revenue recognition for the year ending December 31, 2012.

     

    Grants: The Company recognizes government grants when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to the grant arrangement and the grant will be received. Government grants are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Company recognizes the related costs for which the government grant is intended to compensate. Specifically, when government grants are related to reimbursements for cost of revenues or operating expenses, the government grants are recognized as a reduction of the related expense in the consolidated statements of operations. For government grants related to reimbursements of capital expenditures, the government grants are recognized as a reduction of the basis of the asset and recognized in the consolidated statements of operations over the estimated useful life of the depreciable asset as a reduced depreciation expense. The Company records government grants receivable in the consolidated balance sheets in other receivables. Deferred revenue is amortized into income over the estimated useful life of the related equipment. As of December 31, 2012, the liability for deferred revenue was $1,262,295 and there are no grant receivables at December 31, 2012 compared to $140,389 at December 31, 2011. During the year 2012, $338,562 of income was recorded for the amortization of deferred revenue compared to $238,918 during 2011.  

     

    Stock based Compensation: Stock-based compensation related to employees and non-employees is recognized as compensation expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and is based on the fair value of the services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more readily determinable. Our accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in exchange for goods and services follows the provisions of ASC 505-50 “Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees”. The measurement date for the fair value of the equity instruments issued is determined at the earlier of (1) the date at which a commitment for performance by the consultant or vendor is reached or (2) the date at which the consultant or vendor’s performance is complete. In the case of equity instruments issued to consultants, the fair value of the equity instrument is recognized over the term of the consulting agreement.

      

    Research and Development: R&D costs are recorded in accordance with FASB ASC topic 730, “Accounting for Research and Development Costs,” which requires that costs incurred in R&D activities covering basic scientific research and the application of scientific advances to the development of new and improved products and their uses be expensed as incurred. R&D includes the conceptual formulation, design and testing of product alternatives, construction of prototypes, and operation of pilot plants.

      

    Income Taxes: Deferred income taxes are recorded in accordance with FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes”, and deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between financial reporting and the tax basis of assets and liabilities using the tax rates and laws in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. FASB ASC 740 provides for the recognition of deferred tax assets if realization of such assets is more likely than not to occur. Realization of net deferred tax assets is dependent upon generating sufficient taxable income in future years in appropriate tax jurisdictions to realize benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and from net operating loss, or NOL, carry forwards. The Company has determined it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset resulting from these timing differences will not materialize and have provided a valuation allowance against the entire net deferred tax asset. Management will continue to evaluate the realizability of the deferred tax asset and its related valuation allowance. If the assessment of the deferred tax assets or the corresponding valuation allowance were to change, the Company would record the related adjustment to income during the period in which the determination is made. The tax rate may also vary based on actual results and the mix of income or loss in domestic and foreign tax jurisdictions in which operations take place. The provision for taxes represents corporate-level franchise taxes which may be based on assets, equity, capital stock or a variation thereof.

     

    Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements:    

     

    In May 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-04 related to fair value measurements and disclosures in the financial statements, which update ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurement”.  This guidance conforms the wording to describe many of the requirements in U.S. GAAP to International Financial Reporting Standards to ensure the related standards are consistently applied.  The guidance also expands the disclosures for fair value measurements that are estimated using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs. This new guidance is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and is to be applied prospectively. The adoption of this standard did not materially expand the Company’s consolidated financial statement footnote disclosures.

     

    In June 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-05 related to the presentation of comprehensive income in the financial statements, which updates ASC Topic 220 “Comprehensive Income”.  The Update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders’ equity.  Under the new guidance, the Company has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  This guidance will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011.  The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows as it only requires a change in the format of the current presentation.

     

    In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in ASU No. 2011-05, which defers the effective date pertaining to reclassification adjustments out of other accumulated comprehensive income in ASU 2011-05, until the FASB is able to reconsider those requirements. All other requirements of ASU 2011-05 are not affected by this update, including the requirement to report comprehensive income either in a single continuous financial statement or in two separate but consecutive financial statements. Public entities should apply these requirements for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, which coincide with the effective dates of the requirements in ASU 2011-05 amended by this Update.
    XML 29 R32.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Equity Compensation (Details 1) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Dec. 31, 2010
    Options - Outstanding 3,909,300 3,578,520  
    Options - Granted 536,429 579,552  
    Options - Exercised 0 0  
    Options - Forfeited or lapsed (369,584) (248,772)  
    Options - Outstanding 4,076,145 3,909,300  
    Options - Exercisable 2,965,998 2,515,660  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Outstanding $ 1.85 $ 1.97  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Granted $ 1.13 $ 1.22  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Exercised $ 0 $ 0  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Forfeited or lapsed $ 2.45 $ 2.17  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Outstanding $ 1.70 $ 1.85  
    Weighted Average Exercise - Exercisable $ 1.9 $ 2.12  
    Weighted-Average, Fair Value - Outstanding $ 0.64 $ 0.7  
    Weighted-Average, Fair Value - Granted $ 0.15 $ 0.3  
    Weighted-Average, Fair Value - Exercised $ 0 $ 0  
    Weighted-Average, Fair Value - Forfeited or lapsed $ 0.82 $ 0.68  
    Weighted-Average, Fair Value - Outstanding $ 0.56 $ 0.64  
    Weighted-Average, Fair Value - Exercisable $ 0.65 $ 0.77  
    Weighted Average, Remaining Life (years) - Outstanding 3 years 9 months 18 days 4 years 2 months 12 days  
    Weighted Average, Remaining Life (years) - Exercisable 3 years 3 years 2 months 12 days  
    Aggregate Intrinsic Value - Outstanding $ 0 $ 0 $ 0
    Aggregate Intrinsic Value - Exercisable $ 0 $ 0  
    XML 30 R40.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Income Taxes Expense (Benefit) (Details Textual) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    State and Local Jurisdiction [Member]
    		  
    Operating Loss Carryforwards $ 48,100,000
    Operating Loss Carryforwards, Expiration Dates between 2024 and 2032
    Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
    		  
    Operating Loss Carryforwards 2,800,000
    Operating Loss Carryforwards, Expiration Dates between 2012 and 2030
    Tax Credit Carryforward, Amount $ 734,000
    XML 31 R2.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (USD $)
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    ASSETS    
    Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,004,391 $ 1,987,637
    Accounts receivable 771,410 309,354
    Other receivables 21,860 162,249
    Prepaid expenses 173,115 145,442
    Inventory, net 2,838,791 2,717,173
    Total current assets 5,809,567 5,321,855
    Property & equipment, net 7,963,041 8,417,163
    Other receivables 41,000 53,000
    TOTAL ASSETS 13,813,608 13,792,018
    LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY    
    Accounts payable 581,503 520,358
    Other liabilities 305,510 429,432
    Notes payable 113,921 104,777
    Total current liabilities 1,000,934 1,054,567
    Deferred revenue 1,262,295 1,573,962
    Derivative liabilities 1,217 15,843
    Notes payable 331,247 439,480
    Total liabilities 2,595,693 3,083,852
    Stockholders' Equity    
    Convertible preferred stock-12,500,000 shares authorized Series-A preferred - 2,000,000 shares designated 0 shares issued and outstanding 0 0
    Common stock-200,000,000 shares authorized $0.0001 par value 113,260,006 issued & outstanding (85,531,114 in 2011) 11,326 8,552
    Additional paid in capital 96,013,439 86,953,180
    Retained Earnings(Deficit) (84,555,174) (76,001,894)
    Cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment (251,676) (251,672)
    Total stockholders' equity 11,217,915 10,708,166
    TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $ 13,813,608 $ 13,792,018
    XML 32 R6.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Consolidated Statement of Stockholders' Equity (USD $)
    Common Stock [Member]
    Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]
    Retained Earnings [Member]
    Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
    Total
    Balance at Dec. 31, 2010 $ 8,545 $ 86,499,416 $ (67,690,003) $ (251,625) $ 18,566,332
    Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2010 85,453,302        
    Stock based compensation 7 453,764     453,771
    Stock based compensation (in shares) 77,812        
    Net loss     (8,311,890)   (8,311,890)
    Other comprehensive income (loss):          
    Foreign currency translation adjustment       (47) (47)
    Comprehensive loss         (8,311,890)
    Balance at Dec. 31, 2011 8,552 86,953,180 (76,001,893) (251,672) 10,708,166
    Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2011 85,531,114        
    Proceeds from Common Stock Offering-Net of Costs 2,766 8,632,115     8,634,881
    Proceeds from Common Stock Offering-Net of Costs (in shares) 27,651,870        
    Stock based compensation 8 428,145     428,153
    Stock based compensation (in shares) 77,022        
    Net loss     (8,553,281)   (8,553,281)
    Other comprehensive income (loss):          
    Foreign currency translation adjustment       (4) (4)
    Comprehensive loss         (8,553,285)
    Balance at Dec. 31, 2012 $ 11,326 $ 96,013,439 $ (84,555,174) $ (251,676) $ 11,217,915
    Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2012 113,260,006        
    XML 33 R35.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Earnings/Loss Per Share (Details Textual)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount 161,219 1,519,892
    XML 34 R22.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Income Taxes Expense (Benefit) (Tables)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
    Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit) [Table Text Block]

    A summary of the components giving rise to the income tax expense (benefit) for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

     

        2012     2011  
    Current income tax expense:                
    Federal   $ -     $ -  
    State     -       -  
    Foreign     -       -  
        $ -     $ -  
                     
    Deferred income tax provision (benefit):                
    Federal   $ (2,905,000 )   $ (2,857,000 )
    State     (564,000 )     (555,000 )
    Foreign     (51,000 )     48,000  
    Total deferred tax     (3,520,000 )     (3,364,000 )
    Less increase in allowance     3,520,000       3,364,000  
    Net deferred tax   $ -     $ -  
                     
    Total income tax expense (recovery)   $ -     $ -  
    Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]
    Individual components giving rise to the deferred tax asset are as follows:   2012     2011  
    Future tax benefit arising from net operating loss carry forwards     21,100,000     $ 17,748,000  
    Future tax benefit arising from available tax credits     1,373,000       1,373,000  
    Future tax benefit arising from options/warrants issued for Services     1,210,000       1,029,000  
    Other     222,000       225,000  
    Total future tax benefit     23,905,000       20,375,000  
    Less valuation allowance     (23,905,000 )     (20,375,000 )
    Net deferred tax   $ -     $ -  
    Schedule Of Components Of Pre Tax Net Loss [Table Text Block]
    The components of pretax net loss are as follows:   2012     2011  
    United States   $ (8,553,281 )   $ (8,309,197 )
    Foreign     -       (2,693 )
        $ (8,553,281 )   $ (8,311,890 )
    Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]

    The reconciliation of the United States statutory federal income rate and the effective income tax rate in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

     

        2012     2011  
    Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate     (34.0 )%     (34.0 )%
    Prior period adjustments     0.0 %     0.00 %
    State taxes, net     (6.6 )%     (6.7 )%
    Foreign currency fluctuation     (0.6 )%     0.6 %
    U.S. tax credits     0.0 %     0.0 %
    Revaluation of Derivatives     (0.1 )%     (0.5 )%
    (Other     0.1 %     0.1 %
    Change in valuation allowance     41.1 %     40.5 %
    Effective income tax rate     0.0 %     0.0 %
    XML 35 R36.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Income Taxes Expense (Benefit) (Details) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Current income tax expense:    
    Federal $ 0 $ 0
    State 0 0
    Foreign 0 0
    Current Income Tax Expense (Benefit) 0 0
    Deferred income tax provision (benefit):    
    Federal (2,905,000) (2,857,000)
    State (564,000) (555,000)
    Foreign (51,000) 48,000
    Total deferred tax (3,520,000) (3,364,000)
    Less increase in allowance 3,520,000 3,364,000
    Net deferred tax 0 0
    Total income tax expense (recovery) $ 0 $ 0
    XML 36 R24.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Accounting Policies (Details) (USD $)
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Raw materials $ 945,763 $ 1,534,957
    Work in process 471,935 1,070,901
    Finished goods 1,677,605 359,540
    Inventory reserves (256,512) (248,225)
    Inventory, net $ 2,838,791 $ 2,717,173
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    Basis of Presentation
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Organization, Consolidation and Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
    Basis of Presentation [Text Block]

    Note 1 — Basis of Presentation  

     

    Axion Power International, Inc. (the “Company”, Axion, “we”, “our”, or “us”) is a company whose primary purpose is to develop, design, manufacture and sell advanced energy storage devices and components that are based on our patented PbC Technology. In addition we manufacture standard and specialty lead-acid batteries. Our new PbC® batteries and components, which are manufactured primarily through the use of activated carbon as an alternative to lead in the battery’s negative electrode, have application to virtually all energy system storage functions. It is the Company’s long term goal to become a primary supply source of PbC negative electrodes to established battery manufacturers.
    XML 39 R3.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS [Parenthetical] (USD $)
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Convertible preferred stock, shares authorized 12,500,000 12,500,000
    Common stock, shares authorized 200,000,000 200,000,000
    Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.0001 $ 0.0001
    Common stock, shares issued 113,260,006 85,531,114
    Common stock, shares outstanding 113,260,006 85,531,114
    Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
    		    
    Preferred stock, shares designated 2,000,000 2,000,000
    Preferred stock, shares issued 0 0
    Preferred stock, shares outstanding 0 0
    XML 40 R17.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Subsequent events
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Subsequent Events [Abstract]  
    Subsequent Events [Text Block]

    Note 11 – Subsequent events

     

    On March 10, 2013, we renewed our lease for our manufacturing plant at 3601 Clover Lane in New Castle, Pennsylvania. The lease which commences on April 3, 2013 is for a term of five years with one five year renewal option. All other terms and conditions of the lease are the same as the existing lease agreement.
    XML 41 R1.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    DOCUMENT AND ENTITY INFORMATION (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Feb. 28, 2013
    Jun. 30, 2012
    Entity Registrant Name Axion Power International, Inc.    
    Entity Central Index Key 0001028153    
    Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31    
    Entity Filer Category Smaller Reporting Company    
    Trading Symbol axpw    
    Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   113,290,364  
    Document Type 10-K    
    Amendment Flag false    
    Document Period End Date Dec. 31, 2012    
    Document Fiscal Period Focus FY    
    Document Fiscal Year Focus 2012    
    Entity Well-Known Seasoned Issuer No    
    Entity Voluntary Filers No    
    Entity Current Reporting Status Yes    
    Entity Public Float     $ 35,320,162
    XML 42 R18.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Accounting Policies (Policies)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
    Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statement and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from the estimates.
    Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Principles of Consolidation:   The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Axion Power Battery Manufacturing, Inc., APC and C&T. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
    Segment Reporting, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Segment Reporting: Management has determined that the Company is organized, managed and internally reported as one business segment.
    Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Foreign Currency Translation: The accounts of APC and C&T are measured using the Canadian dollar as the functional currency for all the periods presented in the financial statements. The translation from Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars is performed for the balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at each of the balance sheet dates, and for the revenue and expense accounts using the average rate in effect during the periods. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders’ equity. Gains or losses resulting from transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred. Any gains or losses arising from the inter-company loan denominated in U.S. dollars are directly reflected in other comprehensive income, as the amounts are not expected to be repaid in the foreseeable future.
    Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Comprehensive Income: The Company follows FASB ASC 220, “Comprehensive Income.” Comprehensive income is the change in equity of a business enterprise during a reporting period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. In addition to the Company’s net loss, the change in equity components under comprehensive income include any foreign currency translation adjustment.
    Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Fair Value of Financial Instruments: FASB ASC 825, “Financial Instruments," requires disclosure of fair value information about certain financial instruments, including, but not limited to, cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, refundable tax credits, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, accrued expenses, notes payable to related parties and convertible debt-related securities. Fair value estimates discussed herein are based upon certain market assumptions and pertinent information available to management as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. The carrying value of the balance sheet financial instruments included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements approximated their fair values.
    Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Cash and Cash Equivalents:   For financial statement presentation purposes, the Company considers those short-term, highly liquid investments to be cash or cash equivalents. Our investment policy is that we only invest cash in U.S. Government Treasuries with original maturities of six months or less. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had a thirty day Certificate of Deposit valued at $1.0 million.
    Accounts Receivable and Concentration Of Credit Risk Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Accounts Receivable and Concentration of Credit Risk: The Company records its accounts receivable net of any allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company manages its credit risk exposure and establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts that are deemed at risk for collection. When management determines that an account is uncollectible, it is written off against the related allowance. No allowance was considered necessary as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
    Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]

    Inventory: Inventory is recorded at the lower of cost or market value, and adjusted as appropriate for decreases in valuation and obsolescence. Adjustments to the valuation and obsolescence reserves are made after analyzing market conditions, historical sales activity, inventory costs and inventory composition to determine appropriate reserve levels. Cost is determined using the first-in first-out (FIFO) method. Many components and raw materials we purchase have minimum order quantities. 

     

    A summary of inventory at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows: 

     

        2012     2011  
    Raw materials   $ 945,763     $ 1,534,957  
    Work in process     471,935       1,070,901  
    Finished goods     1,677,605       359,540  
    Inventory reserves     (256,512 )     (248,225 )
        $ 2,838,791     $ 2,717,173  
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

    Property and Equipment:   Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from 3 to 22 years. Expenditures for renewals and betterments are capitalized. Expenditures for minor items are charged to repairs and maintenance expense. Gain or loss upon sale or retirement is reflected in operating results in the period the event takes place.

     

    A summary of property and equipment at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

     

        Estimated useful life   2012     2011  
    Construction in progress       $ 476,257     $ 1,651,204  
    Leasehold improvements   Lesser of lease term
    or 10 years    		     382,680       371,948  
    Machinery & equipment   3-22 years     11,186,840       9,156,153  
    Less accumulated depreciation         (4,082,736 )     (2,762,142 )
    Net       $ 7,963,041     $ 8,417,163  

     

    Depreciation expense was $1,320,594 and $1,014,661 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 respectively.

     

    Certain of our machinery and equipment amounting to $1,582,111 are secured by the Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development in relation to the Machinery and Equipment Loan Fund financing. The initial loan proceeds in the amount of $776,244 were received by us on September 14, 2009. The proceeds of the loan were used to defray part of the cost of equipment purchased for use at our Green Ridge Road and Clover Lane facilities. The loan bears interest at the rate of 3% interest per annum and is payable in equal monthly installments of principal and interest over a period of seven years, maturing on October 1, 2016.
    Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets: The Company adopted the provisions of FASB ASC 360-10-15-3, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets.” This standard requires, among other things, that long-lived assets be reviewed for potential impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected future pre-tax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these expected cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value. The primary measure of fair value is based on undiscounted future cash flows. The measurement of impairment requires management to make estimates of these cash flows related to long-lived assets, as well as other fair value determinations. There was no impairment loss recorded for year ended December 31, 2012 as compared to an impairment loss of $308,882 in 2011.
    Derivative Financial Instruments Policy [Policy Text Block]

    Derivative Financial Instruments: The Company’s objectives in using derivative financial instruments are to obtain the lowest cash cost-source of funds. Derivative liabilities are recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value based on the criteria specified in FASB ASC topic 815-40 " Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s own Equity ". The estimated fair value of the derivative liabilities is calculated using the Black-Scholes-Merton method where applicable and such estimates are revalued at each balance sheet date, with changes in value recorded as other income or expense in the consolidated statement of operations. As a result of the Company’s adoption of ASC topic 815-40, effective January 1, 2009 some of the Company’s warrants are now accounted for as derivatives. 

     

    A summary of the assumptions used for the derivative revaluations at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

     

        2012     2011  
    Exercise price   $ 0.57     $ 0.57  
    Risk-free interest rate     0.33 %     0.25 %
    Dividend yield   $ -     $ -  
    Expected volatility     59.31 %     56.78 %
    Expected term (in years)     0.27       1.27  
    Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Revenue Recognition: The Company recognizes revenue when there is persuasive evidence of an agreement, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the sales price to the buyer is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Evidence of an agreement and fixed or determinable sales price is predominantly based on a customer purchase order or other form of written sales order or written agreement. Sales on account are approved only for credit-worthy customers; otherwise partial or full payment.is received prior to shipment. Shipping terms are generally FOB shipping point and revenue is recognized when product is shipped to the customer. In limited cases, if terms are FOB destination or contingent upon collection by a prime contractor, then in these cases, revenue is recognized when the product is delivered to the customer’s designated delivery site or the conditions for collection have been fulfilled. The Company records sales net of discounts and estimated customer allowances and returns. We offer a 90 day free replacement warranty on some specialty collector car and motorsports products. Collector car products also carry a four year prorated warranty that begins at the end of the 90 days. To date, our warranty exposure on these battery products has been minimal. Flooded battery sales do not have standard warranty provisions and instead are sold at a discount in lieu of warranty.  There were no other post shipment obligations that may impact the timing of revenue recognition for the year ending December 31, 2012.
    Grants Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Grants: The Company recognizes government grants when there is reasonable assurance that the Company will comply with the conditions attached to the grant arrangement and the grant will be received. Government grants are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Company recognizes the related costs for which the government grant is intended to compensate. Specifically, when government grants are related to reimbursements for cost of revenues or operating expenses, the government grants are recognized as a reduction of the related expense in the consolidated statements of operations. For government grants related to reimbursements of capital expenditures, the government grants are recognized as a reduction of the basis of the asset and recognized in the consolidated statements of operations over the estimated useful life of the depreciable asset as a reduced depreciation expense. The Company records government grants receivable in the consolidated balance sheets in other receivables. Deferred revenue is amortized into income over the estimated useful life of the related equipment. As of December 31, 2012, the liability for deferred revenue was $1,262,295 and there are no grant receivables at December 31, 2012 compared to $140,389 at December 31, 2011. During the year 2012, $338,562 of income was recorded for the amortization of deferred revenue compared to $238,918 during 2011.
    Share-based Compensation, Option and Incentive Plans Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Stock based Compensation: Stock-based compensation related to employees and non-employees is recognized as compensation expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and is based on the fair value of the services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever is more readily determinable. Our accounting policy for equity instruments issued to consultants and vendors in exchange for goods and services follows the provisions of ASC 505-50 “Equity-Based Payments to Non-Employees”. The measurement date for the fair value of the equity instruments issued is determined at the earlier of (1) the date at which a commitment for performance by the consultant or vendor is reached or (2) the date at which the consultant or vendor’s performance is complete. In the case of equity instruments issued to consultants, the fair value of the equity instrument is recognized over the term of the consulting agreement.
    Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Research and Development: R&D costs are recorded in accordance with FASB ASC topic 730, “Accounting for Research and Development Costs,” which requires that costs incurred in R&D activities covering basic scientific research and the application of scientific advances to the development of new and improved products and their uses be expensed as incurred. R&D includes the conceptual formulation, design and testing of product alternatives, construction of prototypes, and operation of pilot plants.
    Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]
    Income Taxes: Deferred income taxes are recorded in accordance with FASB ASC 740, “Income Taxes”, and deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between financial reporting and the tax basis of assets and liabilities using the tax rates and laws in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. FASB ASC 740 provides for the recognition of deferred tax assets if realization of such assets is more likely than not to occur. Realization of net deferred tax assets is dependent upon generating sufficient taxable income in future years in appropriate tax jurisdictions to realize benefit from the reversal of temporary differences and from net operating loss, or NOL, carry forwards. The Company has determined it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset resulting from these timing differences will not materialize and have provided a valuation allowance against the entire net deferred tax asset. Management will continue to evaluate the realizability of the deferred tax asset and its related valuation allowance. If the assessment of the deferred tax assets or the corresponding valuation allowance were to change, the Company would record the related adjustment to income during the period in which the determination is made. The tax rate may also vary based on actual results and the mix of income or loss in domestic and foreign tax jurisdictions in which operations take place. The provision for taxes represents corporate-level franchise taxes which may be based on assets, equity, capital stock or a variation thereof.
    New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]

    Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements:    

     

    In May 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-04 related to fair value measurements and disclosures in the financial statements, which update ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurement”.  This guidance conforms the wording to describe many of the requirements in U.S. GAAP to International Financial Reporting Standards to ensure the related standards are consistently applied.  The guidance also expands the disclosures for fair value measurements that are estimated using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs. This new guidance is effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and is to be applied prospectively. The adoption of this standard did not materially expand the Company’s consolidated financial statement footnote disclosures.

     

    In June 2011, the FASB issued Update No. 2011-05 related to the presentation of comprehensive income in the financial statements, which updates ASC Topic 220 “Comprehensive Income”.  The Update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders’ equity.  Under the new guidance, the Company has the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements.  This guidance will be effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011.  The adoption of this standard did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows as it only requires a change in the format of the current presentation.

     

    In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in ASU No. 2011-05, which defers the effective date pertaining to reclassification adjustments out of other accumulated comprehensive income in ASU 2011-05, until the FASB is able to reconsider those requirements. All other requirements of ASU 2011-05 are not affected by this update, including the requirement to report comprehensive income either in a single continuous financial statement or in two separate but consecutive financial statements. Public entities should apply these requirements for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, which coincide with the effective dates of the requirements in ASU 2011-05 amended by this Update.
    XML 43 R4.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS and COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Product $ 9,779,711 $ 7,631,529
    Service 0 459,645
    Net sales 9,779,711 8,091,174
    Costs and expenses    
    Product costs 9,044,441 6,799,302
    Research & development 4,883,033 5,060,036
    Selling, general & administrative 4,404,040 4,463,269
    Interest expense 17,594 18,863
    Impairment of assets 0 308,882
    Derivative revaluations (income) (14,626) (238,618)
    Interest & other income (1,490) (8,670)
    Loss before income taxes (8,553,281) (8,311,890)
    Income taxes 0 0
    Net Loss (8,553,281) (8,311,890)
    Foreign Translation Adjustment (4) (47)
    Comprehensive Income/(Loss) $ (8,553,285) $ (8,311,937)
    Basic and diluted net loss per share $ (0.08) $ (0.10)
    Weighted average common shares outstanding 110,689,664 85,488,150
    XML 44 R12.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Earnings/Loss Per Share
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
    Earnings Per Share [Text Block]

    Note 6 Earnings/Loss Per Share  

     

    Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders (the numerator) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (the denominator) for the period. Diluted earnings per share are computed by assuming that any dilutive convertible securities outstanding were converted, with related preferred stock dividend requirements and outstanding common shares adjusted accordingly. It also assumes that outstanding common shares were increased by shares issuable upon exercise of those stock options for which market price exceeds the exercise price, less shares which could have been purchased by us with the related proceeds. In periods of losses, diluted loss per share is computed on the same basis as basic loss per share as the inclusion of any other potential shares outstanding would be anti-dilutive.

     

    Had the Company recorded income applicable to common shareholders for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 weighted-average number of common shares outstanding would have increased by 161,219, and 1,519,892 respectively, for the fiscal years, reflecting no change to dilutive securities in the calculation of diluted earnings per share.
    XML 45 R11.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Equity Compensation
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs, Share-Based Payments [Abstract]  
    Shareholders' Equity and Share-based Payments [Text Block]

    Note 5 – Equity Compensation

     

    Incentive Stock Plan Approved by Stockholders: The Company’s stockholders have adopted an incentive stock plan for the benefit of its employees, consultants and advisors. Under the terms of the original plan, the Company was authorized to grant incentive awards for up to 1,000,000 shares of common stock. At the Company’s 2005 annual meeting, its shareholders increased the authorization under the incentive stock plan to 2,000,000 shares.

     

    The incentive stock plan authorizes a variety of awards including incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, shares of restricted stock, and shares of phantom stock and stock bonuses. In addition, the plan authorizes the payment of cash bonuses when a participant is required to recognize income for federal income tax purposes because of the vesting of shares of restricted stock or the grant of a stock bonus.

     

    The plan authorizes the grant of incentive awards to full-time employees of the Company who are not eligible to receive awards under the terms of an employment contract or another specialty plan. The plan also authorizes the grant of incentive awards to directors who are not eligible to participate in the Company’s outside directors’ stock option plan, independent agents, consultants and advisors who have contributed to the Company’s success.

     

    The Compensation Committee administers the plan. The Committee has absolute discretion to decide which employees, consultants and advisors will receive incentive awards, the type of award to be granted and the number of shares covered by the award. The committee also determines the exercise prices, expiration dates and other features of awards.

     

    The exercise price of incentive stock options must be equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date of the grant or, in the case of incentive stock options granted to the holder of more than 10% of the Company’s common stock, at least 110% of the fair market value of such shares on the date of the grant. The maximum exercise period for incentive stock options is ten years from the date of grant, or five years in the case of an individual who owns more than 10% of the Company’s common stock. The aggregate fair market value determined at the date of the option grant, of shares with respect to which incentive stock options are exercisable for the first time by the holder of the option during any calendar year, shall not exceed $100,000.

     

    There are no incentive stock options outstanding at December 31, 2012.

      

    Outside Directors' Stock Option Plan Approved by Stockholders: The Company’s stockholders have adopted an outside directors' stock option plan for the benefit of its non-employee directors in order to encourage their continued service as directors. Under the terms of the original plan, the Company was authorized to grant incentive awards for up to 125,000 shares of common stock. At the 2005 annual meeting, the Company’s shareholders increased the authorization under the incentive stock plan to 500,000 shares.

     

    On October 17, 2012, the Board of Directors amended the Axion Power International, Inc. independent director’s stock option plan to increase the number of shares of common stock available thereunder from 500,000 shares to 1,000,000 shares.

     

    Each eligible director who is, on or after the effective date, appointed to fill a vacancy on the Board or elected to serve as a member of the Board may participate in the plan. Each eligible director shall automatically be granted an option to purchase the maximum number of shares having an aggregate fair market value on the date of grant of twenty thousand dollars ($20,000). The option price of the stock subject to each option is required to be the fair market value of the stock on its date of grant. Options generally expire on the fifth anniversary of the date of grant. Any option granted under the plan shall become exercisable in full on the first anniversary of the date of grant, provided that the eligible director has not voluntarily resigned or been removed "for cause" as a member of the Board of Directors on or prior to the first anniversary of the date of grant (qualified option). Any qualified option shall remain exercisable after its first anniversary regardless of whether the optionee continues to serve as a member of the Board.

     

    During 2012, the Company issued 171,429 five year options to one of its directors, vesting one third per year over the next three years. These options are exercisable at a price of $0.35 per share, expiring five years from vest date and are valued at $35,136 utilizing the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model, with $6,832 recorded as compensation in 2012. There were no issuances in 2011.

     

    Stock Options Held by Officers, Employees, and Consultants Not Approved by Stockholders:

     

    The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton Option Pricing Model to estimate the fair value of awards on the measurement date using the weighted average assumptions noted in the following table:  

     

    Year   Interest rate %     Dividend Yield %     Expected Volatility %     Expected Life
    2012     0.42       0.0       61.12     96 months
    2011     1.40       0.0       59.4     76 months

     

    Expected volatilities are calculated based on the historical volatility of the Company’s stock since its listing on the public markets. Management has determined that it cannot reasonably estimate a forfeiture rate given the insufficient amount of time and activity of share option exercise and employee termination patterns. The expected life of options, representing the period of time that options granted are expected to be outstanding, was determined using the contractual term. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the expected life of the option is based on the interest rate for a similar time period of a U.S. Treasury note in effort on the date of the grant.

     

    The following table provides consolidated summary information on the Company’s stock option activity for the years ended

    December 31, 2012 and 2011.

              2012        
              Weighted Average        
    All Plan & Non-Plan Compensatory
    Options    		   Number of
    Options    		     Exercise     Fair Value     Remaining
    Life
    (years)    		     Aggregate
    Intrinsic
    Value    		  
    Options outstanding at December 31, 2011     3,909,300     $ 1.85     $ 0.64       4.2          
    Granted     536,429       1.13       0.15                  
    Exercised     -       -       -                  
    Forfeited or lapsed     (369,584 )     2.45       0.82                  
    Options outstanding at December 31, 2012     4,076,145     $ 1.70     $ 0.56       3.8     $ -  
    Options exercisable at December 31, 2012     2,965,998     $ 1.90     $ 0.65       3.0     $ -  

     

              2011        
              Weighted Average        
    All Plan & Non-Plan Compensatory
    Options    		   Number of
    Options    		     Exercise     Fair Value     Remaining
    Life
    (years)    		     Aggregate
    Intrinsic
    Value    		  
    Options outstanding at December 31, 2010     3,578,520     $ 1.97     $ 0.70                  
    Granted     579,552       1.22       0.30                  
    Exercised     -       -       -                  
    Forfeited or lapsed     (248,772 )     2.17       0.68                  
    Options outstanding at December 31, 2011     3,909,300     $ 1.85     $ 0.65       4.2     $ -  
    Options exercisable at December 31, 2011     2,515,660     $ 2.12     $ 0.77       3.2     $ -  

    The following table summarizes the status of the Company’s non-vested options:

     

    All non-vested stock options as of December 31, 2012   Shares     Fair Value  
    Options subject to future vesting at December 31, 2011     1,393,638     $ 0.43  
    Options granted     536,429       0.15  
    Options forfeited or lapsed     (101,582 )     0.25  
    Options vested     (718,338 )     0.42  
    Options subject to future vesting at December 31, 2012     1,110,147     $ 0.40  

     

    As of December 31, 2012, there was $544,847 of unrecognized compensation related to non-vested options compared to $474,872 at December 31, 2011. The Company expects to recognize the cost over a weighted average period of 1.4 years. The total fair value of options vested was $1,945,085 and $888,318 for 2012 and 2011, respectively.

     

    The compensation expense that has been recognized for options granted was $410,326 and $427,040 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 respectively. In addition the Company recognized non-cash compensation expense of $35,640 in 2012 and $26,730 in 2011 for stock granted to directors in lieu of cash. There was no dilutive impact per share during 2012 or 2011. For stock options issued as non-qualified stock options, a tax deduction is not allowed until the options are exercised. The amount of this deduction will be the difference between the fair value of the Company’s common stock and the exercise price at the date of exercise. Accordingly, there is a deferred tax asset recorded for the tax effect of the financial statement expense recorded. The tax effect of the income tax deduction in excess of the financial statement expense will be recorded as an increase to additional paid-in capital. Due to the uncertainty of the Company’s ability to generate sufficient taxable income in the future to utilize the tax benefits of the options granted, the Company has recorded a valuation allowance to reduce gross deferred tax assets to zero. As a result, for the year ended December 31, 2012, there is no income tax expense impact from recording the fair value of options granted. There is no tax deduction allowed by the Company for incentive stock options.

     

    The Company has two stockholder approved equity compensation plans. The following sections summarize the Company’s equity compensation arrangements.
    XML 46 R23.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Commitments and Contingencies and Significant Contracts (Tables)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
    Schedule Of Employment Agreement [Table Text Block]
    The provisions of the individual agreements are set forth in the following table:

     

    Name   Position   Date   Term     Salary       Options       Price     Vesting     Stock  
    Thomas Granville   (1)   CEO   6/29/10   3-year   $ 380,000       360,000     $ 1.50     Monthly     0  
    Charles R. Trego   (2)   CFO   4/01/10   3-year   $ 225,000       265,000     $ 1.50     Monthly     0  
    Philip S. Baker   (3)   COO   4/01/10   3-year   $ 199,800       230,000     $ 1.50     Monthly     0  
    Vani K. Dantam   (4)   Sr. VP   1/23/12   3-year   $ 225,000       150,000     $ 1.50     Monthly     0  

     

    1. Thomas Granville. On June 29, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Thomas Granville as Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Granville receives an annual salary of $380,000, and an annual car allowance of $9,000 for the period commencing June 29, 2010, and terminating June 30, 2013. Mr. Granville’s base salary is subject to annual review, and such salary is subject to renegotiation on the basis of Mr. Granville’s and the Company’s performance. In addition, Mr. Granville received a signing bonus of $270,000 and was paid on July 9, 2010. The Company also granted Mr. Granville an option to purchase 360,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share at a vesting rate Of 10,000 shares per month through the term of the agreement. Mr. Granville is eligible to participate in any executive compensation plans adopted by the shareholders of the Company and the Company's standard employee benefit programs.
       
    2. Charles R. Trego. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Charles R. Trego as Chief Financial Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years, Mr. Trego receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $9,000, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5-year option to purchase 265,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 27,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June 2010, 7,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.  

     

    3. Philip S. Baker. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Philip S. Baker as Chief Operating Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years, Mr. Baker receives an annual salary of $199,800, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $6,000, and a 5-year option to purchase 230,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 26,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June, 2010, 6,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.
       
      4.   Vani K. Dantam. On January 1, 2012, The Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Vani Dantam as Senior Vice President Business Development, Sales & Marketing. Pursuant to this agreement which has a term of three years, Mr. Dantam receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review on an annual basis, a $20,000 sign-on bonus which was paid in January 2102, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5- year option to purchase 150,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share, 15,020 options vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning March 2012, 3,970 options will vest monthly.
    XML 47 R19.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Accounting Policies (Tables)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
    Schedule of Inventory, Current [Table Text Block]

    A summary of inventory at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows: 

     

        2012     2011  
    Raw materials   $ 945,763     $ 1,534,957  
    Work in process     471,935       1,070,901  
    Finished goods     1,677,605       359,540  
    Inventory reserves     (256,512 )     (248,225 )
        $ 2,838,791     $ 2,717,173  
    Property, Plant and Equipment [Table Text Block]

    A summary of property and equipment at December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

     

        Estimated useful life   2012     2011  
    Construction in progress       $ 476,257     $ 1,651,204  
    Leasehold improvements   Lesser of lease term
    or 10 years    		     382,680       371,948  
    Machinery & equipment   3-22 years     11,186,840       9,156,153  
    Less accumulated depreciation         (4,082,736 )     (2,762,142 )
    Net       $ 7,963,041     $ 8,417,163  
    Fair Value, by Balance Sheet Grouping [Table Text Block]

    A summary of the assumptions used for the derivative revaluations at December 31, 2012 and 2011 were as follows:

     

        2012     2011  
    Exercise price   $ 0.57     $ 0.57  
    Risk-free interest rate     0.33 %     0.25 %
    Dividend yield   $ -     $ -  
    Expected volatility     59.31 %     56.78 %
    Expected term (in years)     0.27       1.27  
    XML 48 R15.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Supplemental Cash Flow Information
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]  
    Additional Financial Information Disclosure [Text Block]

    Note 9 — Supplemental Cash Flow Information

     

    Cash payments for interest during the years ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were $17,595 and $18,042, respectively. There were no payments of income taxes during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.
    XML 49 R13.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Income Taxes Expense (Benefit)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
    Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]

    Note 7 — Income Taxes Expense (Benefit)

     

    A summary of the components giving rise to the income tax expense (benefit) for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

     

        2012     2011  
    Current income tax expense:                
    Federal   $ -     $ -  
    State     -       -  
    Foreign     -       -  
        $ -     $ -  
                     
    Deferred income tax provision (benefit):                
    Federal   $ (2,905,000 )   $ (2,857,000 )
    State     (564,000 )     (555,000 )
    Foreign     (51,000 )     48,000  
    Total deferred tax     (3,520,000 )     (3,364,000 )
    Less increase in allowance     3,520,000       3,364,000  
    Net deferred tax   $ -     $ -  
                     
    Total income tax expense (recovery)   $ -     $ -  
                 
    Individual components giving rise to the deferred tax asset are as follows:   2012     2011  
    Future tax benefit arising from net operating loss carry forwards     21,100,000     $ 17,748,000  
    Future tax benefit arising from available tax credits     1,373,000       1,373,000  
    Future tax benefit arising from options/warrants issued for Services     1,210,000       1,029,000  
    Other     222,000       225,000  
    Total future tax benefit     23,905,000       20,375,000  
    Less valuation allowance     (23,905,000 )     (20,375,000 )
    Net deferred tax   $ -     $ -  
                 
    The components of pretax net loss are as follows:   2012     2011  
    United States   $ (8,553,281 )   $ (8,309,197 )
    Foreign     -       (2,693 )
        $ (8,553,281 )   $ (8,311,890

    )
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
      
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     

     

    The Company has net operating loss carry forwards of $48,100,000 and $2,800,000 available to reduce future income taxes in United States and Canada, respectively. The United States carry forwards expire at various dates between 2024 and 2032.0. The Canadian loss carry forwards expire at various dates between 2012 and 2030. The Company also has generated Canadian tax credits related to research and development activities.  The credit, amounting to $734,000 U.S. Dollars, is available to offset future taxable income in Canada and expires at various dates between 2024 and 2026. The Company has adopted FASB ASC 740, which provides for the recognition of a deferred tax asset based upon the value certain items will have on future income taxes and management's estimate of the probability of the realization of these tax benefits. The Company has determined it more likely than not that these timing differences will not materialize and have provided a valuation allowance against the entire net deferred tax asset. The utilization of NOL and tax credit carry forwards from Tamboril prior to the reorganization may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and similar state provisions. Accordingly, these amounts have not been included in the gross deferred tax asset number above. In addition, due to equity transactions that have occurred subsequent to the reorganization with Tamboril, the utilization of NOL carry forwards may be subject to further change in control limitations that generally restricts the utilization of the NOL per year.

     

    The reconciliation of the United States statutory federal income rate and the effective income tax rate in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:

     

        2012     2011  
    Statutory U.S. federal income tax rate     (34.0 )%     (34.0 )%
    Prior period adjustments     0.0 %     0.00 %
    State taxes, net     (6.6 )%     (6.7 )%
    Foreign currency fluctuation     (0.6 )%     0.6 %
    U.S. tax credits     0.0 %     0.0 %
    Revaluation of Derivatives     (0.1 )%     (0.5 )%
    (Other     0.1 %     0.1 %
    Change in valuation allowance     41.1 %     40.5 %
    Effective income tax rate     0.0 %     0.0 %

     

    The Company adopted the provisions of FASB ASC 740-10 “Income Taxes” on January 1, 2008.  As the result of the assessment, the Company recognized no material adjustments to unrecognized tax benefits. At the adoption date of January 1, 2008 and as of December 31, 2012, the Company has no unrecognized tax benefits.  By statute, tax years ending December 31, 2008 through 2012 remain open to examination by the major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject.
    XML 50 R14.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Related Party Transactions
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Related Party Transactions [Abstract]  
    Related Party Transactions Disclosure [Text Block]

    Note 8 — Related Party Transactions

     

    Transactions with C&T: A former board member of the Company, Dr. Igor Filipenko, was the former majority shareholder of C&T prior to the acquisition by the Company. The Board of Directors on August 21, 2009 approved the issuance of warrants to purchase not more than 1,600,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.00 per share and a term of two years to the C&T Group. On January 11, 2010, Dr. Igor Filipenko gave notice of his resignation as a director of the Company, effective immediately. On December 31, 2012 these warrants have not yet been issued pending "mutual understanding" between the parties.
    XML 51 R16.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Commitments and Contingencies and Significant Contracts
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
    Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]

    Note 10 — Commitments and Contingencies and Significant Contracts

     

    Facilities: On March 28, 2010, we renewed our lease for existing space at our manufacturing plant, located at 3601 Clover Lane, in New Castle, Pennsylvania. The salient terms of the Lease are as follows:

    · The term commenced on April 3, 2010 with an initial term of three years.
    ·

    The renewal lease may be extended for two successive five-year renewal options with future rent to be negotiated at a commercially reasonable rate.

     

    · The battery manufacturing facility includes 70,438 square feet of floor space, including 7,859 square feet of office, locker, lab and lunch area, 46,931 square feet of manufacturing space, 1,488 square feet of dedicated lab space, 9,200 square feet of storage buildings and 5,000 square feet of basement area.
    · The rental amount for the initial term is $17,200 per month, which is fixed through 2013. In addition to the monthly rental, we are obligated to pay all required maintenance costs, taxes and special assessments, maintain public liability insurance and maintain fire and casualty insurance for an amount equal to 100% of the replacement value of the leased premises.
    · On May 26, 2011 we executed an addendum to the existing lease agreement which resulted in the lease of an additional 2,160 square feet of additional space for $500.00 per month. There were no other changes to the existing lease.
    · With the execution of the addendum we now lease 72,598 square feet for a monthly rent of $17,200.

     

    On November 4, 2010, the Company entered into a Commercial Lease (“Lease”) with Becan Development, LLC (“Lessor”) to lease a 45,000 square foot building, located at 209 Green Ridge Road in New Castle PA, (the “Property”). The salient terms of the Lease are as follows:

     

    · The Lease term commenced on January 1, 2011 and the term expires on December 31, 2015.

    · The Lease may be extended for two 5-year terms, by giving notice not less than 30 nor more than 120 days before the expiration of the initial term or first renewal term (as applicable). The renewal leases shall be on terms substantially similar to the terms of the initial Lease except for any adjustment to rent, if warranted, as mutually agreed upon by Lessor and the Company.

    · The rental amount for the initial term is $19,297 per month and is on a “triple net” basis.

    · If the Company is able to obtain sufficient funding from either the federal or state government or agencies, and it enters into a binding agreement to purchase the Property, the Lease shall be immediately terminated and Lessor shall credit the most recent 6 months of actual rental payments made to Lessor against the purchase price of the Property

    · The Company also has a right of first refusal to purchase the property within 30 days of receipt of notice of a third party offer from Lessor upon substantially the same terms as those offered by the third party.

    · The Lease contains market terms on standard provisions such as defaults and maintenance.

     

    Employment Agreements:    The Company has entered into executive employment agreements with Thomas Granville, Charles R. Trego, Phillip S. Baker, and Vani K. Dantam. These agreements generally require each executive to devote substantially all of his business time to the Company’s affairs, establish standards of conduct, prohibit competition with our company during their term, affirm our rights respecting the ownership and disclosure of patents, trade secrets and other confidential information, provide for the acts and events that would give rise to termination of such agreements and provide express remedies for a breach of the agreement. Each of the executives is allowed to participate in our standard employee benefit programs, including medical/hospitalization insurance and group life insurance, as in effect from time to time. Each of the covered executives will generally receive an automobile allowance, reimbursement for all reasonable business expenses incurred by him on behalf of the Company in the performance of his duties, and a severance package that guarantees continued remuneration equal to the executives base salary for a total of 23 months so long as the Company elects to enforce the provisions of the Non-Competition Agreement, should the executive be unable to find employment or accepts employment at a reduced rate of pay due solely to the Non-Competition Agreement. The provisions of the individual agreements are set forth in the following table:

     

    Name   Position   Date   Term     Salary       Options       Price     Vesting     Stock  
    Thomas Granville   (1)   CEO   6/29/10   3-year   $ 380,000       360,000     $ 1.50     Monthly     0  
    Charles R. Trego   (2)   CFO   4/01/10   3-year   $ 225,000       265,000     $ 1.50     Monthly     0  
    Philip S. Baker   (3)   COO   4/01/10   3-year   $ 199,800       230,000     $ 1.50     Monthly     0  
    Vani K. Dantam   (4)   Sr. VP   1/23/12   3-year   $ 225,000       150,000     $ 1.50     Monthly     0  

     

    1. Thomas Granville. On June 29, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Thomas Granville as Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to this agreement, Mr. Granville receives an annual salary of $380,000, and an annual car allowance of $9,000 for the period commencing June 29, 2010, and terminating June 30, 2013. Mr. Granville’s base salary is subject to annual review, and such salary is subject to renegotiation on the basis of Mr. Granville’s and the Company’s performance. In addition, Mr. Granville received a signing bonus of $270,000 and was paid on July 9, 2010. The Company also granted Mr. Granville an option to purchase 360,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share at a vesting rate Of 10,000 shares per month through the term of the agreement. Mr. Granville is eligible to participate in any executive compensation plans adopted by the shareholders of the Company and the Company's standard employee benefit programs.
       
    2. Charles R. Trego. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Charles R. Trego as Chief Financial Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years, Mr. Trego receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $9,000, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5-year option to purchase 265,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 27,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June 2010, 7,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.  

     

    3. Philip S. Baker. On April 1, 2010, the Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Philip S. Baker as Chief Operating Officer. Under the terms of his employment agreement, which has a term of three years, Mr. Baker receives an annual salary of $199,800, which is subject to review after the initial six month term of the agreement and annually thereafter, an annual car allowance of $6,000, and a 5-year option to purchase 230,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share. 26,000 options shall vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning in June, 2010, 6,000 options will vest monthly through the remaining 34 months of this contract.
       
      4.   Vani K. Dantam. On January 1, 2012, The Company entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Vani Dantam as Senior Vice President Business Development, Sales & Marketing. Pursuant to this agreement which has a term of three years, Mr. Dantam receives an annual salary of $225,000, which is subject to review on an annual basis, a $20,000 sign-on bonus which was paid in January 2102, bonuses as determined by the compensation committee, and a 5- year option to purchase 150,000 shares of our common stock at a price of $1.50 per share, 15,020 options vest upon execution of this contract and, beginning March 2012, 3,970 options will vest monthly.   

     

    We have no retirement plans or other similar arrangements for any directors, executive officers or employees, other than a noncontributory 401(k) plan.

     

    Purchase Orders

     

    On May 11, 2010, the Company was awarded federal contract number N00014-10-C-0094. Under the terms of the agreement, Axion shall furnish personnel and facilities to conduct the research effort for the development of new lightweight, high-powered batteries for use in vehicles operated by the U.S. Marine Corps. This cost-plus-fixed-fee completion contract requires scientific or technical reports to be delivered, inspected and accepted prior to reimbursement. Costs incurred during the performance period, will be reimbursed quarterly. The final report was delivered in July, 2011. The contract, provided $1,004,747 to us in funding for this project, and is subject to a financial audit upon contract completion which we anticipate will occur in 2013.

     

    Selling price was determined by periodic spending using the hourly labor, overhead, and G&A rates submitted with the proposal. The rates are subject to adjustment at the end of contract, and secured by the unpaid fixed fee. Revenue based on the proportionate performance of the work performed was recognized from inception to completion when collection of the reimbursement was reasonably assured. Recognition of the fixed fee was postponed to contract completion. Fixed fee billings were recorded under deferred revenue. The contract contributed no service revenue in 2012 as compared to $387,645 in service revenue during 2011.
    XML 52 R34.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v2.4.0.6
    Equity Compensation (Details Textual) (USD $)
    		 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
    Jul. 31, 2012
    Apr. 30, 2012
    Jan. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Director [Member]
    Common Stock [Member]
    Subsequent Event [Member]
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Incentive Stock Plan [Member]
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Incentive Stock Plan [Member]
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Outside Directors Stock Option Plan [Member]
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Outside Directors Stock Option Plan [Member]
    Oct. 17, 2012
    Outside Directors Stock Option Plan [Member]
    Oct. 17, 2012
    Outside Directors' Stock Option [Member]
    Prior To Amendment [Member]
    Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Shares Authorized             2,000,000 1,000,000   125,000 1,000,000 500,000
    Share-based Compensation Arrangment by Share-based Payment Award Options Granted, Fair Market Value                 $ 35,136 $ 20,000    
    Options - Granted       536,429 579,552       171,429      
    Weighted Average Exercise - Granted       $ 1.13 $ 1.22              
    Allocated Share-based Compensation Expense                 6,832      
    Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Total Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized       544,847 474,872              
    Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Nonvested Awards, Total Compensation Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition         7 months 6 days              
    Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested In Period, Fair Value       1,945,085 888,318              
    Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Issued for Noncash Consideration 26,244 22,671 28,107 22,837 12,837 30,358            
    Share based compensation expense       410,326 427,040              
    Incentive Stock Options, Exercise Price Terms             The exercise price of incentive stock options must be equal to the fair market value of such shares on the date of the grant or, in the case of incentive stock options granted to the holder of more than 10% of the Company's common stock, at least 110% of the fair market value of such shares on the date of the grant.          
    Incentive Stock Options, Maximum Exercise Period Terms             The maximum exercise period for incentive stock options is ten years from the date of grant, or five years in the case of an individual who owns more than 10% of the Company's common stock.          
    Maximum Value Options For Determination Of Aggregate Fair Market Value             $100,000          
    Weighted Average Exercise - Exercisable       $ 1.9 $ 2.12       $ 0.35      
    Recognised Non Cash Compensation Expense       $ 35,640 $ 26,730              
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    Equity Compensation (Tables)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs, Share-Based Payments [Abstract]  
    Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]

    The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton Option Pricing Model to estimate the fair value of awards on the measurement date using the weighted average assumptions noted in the following table:  

     

    Year   Interest rate %     Dividend Yield %     Expected Volatility %     Expected Life
    2012     0.42       0.0       61.12     96 months
    2011     1.40       0.0       59.4     76 months
    Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block]

    The following table provides consolidated summary information on the Company’s stock option activity for the years ended

    December 31, 2012 and 2011.

              2012        
              Weighted Average        
    All Plan & Non-Plan Compensatory
    Options    		   Number of
    Options    		     Exercise     Fair Value     Remaining
    Life
    (years)    		     Aggregate
    Intrinsic
    Value    		  
    Options outstanding at December 31, 2011     3,909,300     $ 1.85     $ 0.64       4.2          
    Granted     536,429       1.13       0.15                  
    Exercised     -       -       -                  
    Forfeited or lapsed     (369,584 )     2.45       0.82                  
    Options outstanding at December 31, 2012     4,076,145     $ 1.70     $ 0.56       3.8     $ -  
    Options exercisable at December 31, 2012     2,965,998     $ 1.90     $ 0.65       3.0     $ -  

     

              2011        
              Weighted Average        
    All Plan & Non-Plan Compensatory
    Options    		   Number of
    Options    		     Exercise     Fair Value     Remaining
    Life
    (years)    		     Aggregate
    Intrinsic
    Value    		  
    Options outstanding at December 31, 2010     3,578,520     $ 1.97     $ 0.70                  
    Granted     579,552       1.22       0.30                  
    Exercised     -       -       -                  
    Forfeited or lapsed     (248,772 )     2.17       0.68                  
    Options outstanding at December 31, 2011     3,909,300     $ 1.85     $ 0.65       4.2     $ -  
    Options exercisable at December 31, 2011     2,515,660     $ 2.12     $ 0.77       3.2     $ -  
    Schedule of Nonvested Share Activity [Table Text Block]

    The following table summarizes the status of the Company’s non-vested options:

     

    All non-vested stock options as of December 31, 2012   Shares     Fair Value  
    Options subject to future vesting at December 31, 2011     1,393,638     $ 0.43  
    Options granted     536,429       0.15  
    Options forfeited or lapsed     (101,582 )     0.25  
    Options vested     (718,338 )     0.42  
    Options subject to future vesting at December 31, 2012     1,110,147     $ 0.40
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    Accounting Policies (Details 2) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Exercise price $ 0.57 $ 0.57
    Risk-free interest rate 0.33% 0.25%
    Dividend yield 0.00% 0.00%
    Expected volatility 59.31% 56.78%
    Expected term (in years) 3 months 7 days 1 year 3 months 7 days
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    Related Party Transactions (Details Textual) (Ct Group [Member], USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2009
    Ct Group [Member]
    		  
    Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction, Shares Approved for Issuance 1,600,000
    Share Based Goods and Non Employee Service Transaction Exercise Price $ 2
    Share-based Goods and Nonemployee Services Transaction, Valuation Method, Expected Term 2 years
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    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Cash Flows from Operating Activities    
    Net Loss $ (8,553,281) $ (8,311,890)
    Adjustments to reconcile deficit accumulated for noncash items    
    Depreciation 1,320,594 1,014,661
    Impairment of assets 0 308,882
    Derivative revaluations (income) (14,626) (238,618)
    Share based compensation expense 445,966 453,770
    Changes in operating assets & liabilities    
    Accounts receivable (462,053) (87,432)
    Other receivables 140,389 (17,276)
    Prepaid expenses (27,673) (63,382)
    Inventory, net (121,618) (1,288,613)
    Accounts payable 61,145 (409,663)
    Other liabilities (141,742) 203,628
    Deferred revenue and other (311,667) 188,777
    Net cash used by operating activities (7,664,566) (8,247,156)
    Cash Flows from Investing Activities    
    Other receivables 12,000 12,000
    Purchases of property & equipment (866,472) (3,002,130)
    Net cash used by investing activities (854,472) (2,990,130)
    Cash Flows from Financing Activities    
    Repayment of notes payable (99,089) (105,039)
    Net proceeds from sale of common stock 8,634,881 0
    Net cash provided (used) by financing activities 8,535,792 (105,039)
    Net change in cash and cash equivalents 16,754 (11,342,325)
    Effect of exchange rate on cash 0 (47)
    Cash and cash equivalents - beginning 1,987,637 13,330,009
    Cash and cash equivalents - ending $ 2,004,391 $ 1,987,637
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    Stockholder's Equity
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]  
    Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]

    Note 4 — Stockholders' Equity

     

    Authorized Capitalization: The Company’s authorized capitalization includes 200,000,000 shares of common stock and 12,500,000 shares of preferred stock. The number of authorized common shares was increased by 75,000,000 pursuant to the Shareholder meeting vote on July 20, 2011.

     

    Common Stock:   At December 31, 2012, 113,260,006 shares of common stock were issued and outstanding. The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voted for the election of directors can elect all of the directors. Holders of common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the board out of funds legally available. In the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the common stockholders are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining available for distribution to them after payment of liabilities and after provision has been made for each class of stock, if any, having preference over the common stock. The common stockholders have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights and there are no redemption provisions applicable to the common stock. All of the outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and non-assessable.

     

    Preferred Stock:  The Company’s certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of 12,500,000 shares of blank check preferred stock. The Company’s board of directors has the power to establish the designation, rights and preferences of any preferred stock. Accordingly, the board of directors has the power, without stockholder approval, to issue preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of common stock. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, no shares of Series-A Convertible Preferred stock were issued and outstanding.

     

    Warrants:   The following table provides summary information on warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, with summary information on the various warrants issued by the Company in private placement transactions, warrants exercised to date, warrants that are presently exercisable and the current exercise prices of such warrants.

      

              2012           2011  
        Shares     Weighted Average
    Exercise price    		     Shares     Weighted Average
    Exercise price    		  
                             
    Warrants outstanding January 1     11,896,070     $ 0.83       12,973,820     $ 1.18  
                                     
    Granted during year     -       -                  
                                     
    Exercised                                
                                     
    Lapsed     (173,755 )     2.35       (1,077,750 )     4.74  
                                     
    Outstanding at December 31     11,712,315     $ 0.83       11,896,070     $ 0.85  
                                     
    Weighted average years remaining     .3               1.3          

     

    As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, 1,085,714 warrants were classified as derivative liabilities. Each reporting period the warrants are re-valued and adjusted through the caption “derivative revaluations” on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
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    Accounting Policies (Details Textual) (USD $)
    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
    Dec. 31, 2011
    Dec. 31, 2009
    Certificates of Deposit, at Carrying Value $ 1,000,000    
    Depreciation 1,320,594 1,014,661  
    Secured Machinery and Equipment 1,582,111    
    Proceeds from Loan Originations     776,244
    Machinery and Equipment Loan Interest Rate Stated Percentage 3.00%    
    Impairment of assets 0 308,882  
    Deferred revenue 1,262,295 1,573,962  
    Deferred Revenue, Revenue Recognized 338,562 238,918  
    Grants Receivable   $ 140,389  
    Minimum [Member]
    		      
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life 3 years    
    Maximum [Member]
    		      
    Property, Plant and Equipment, Useful Life 22 years    
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    		 12 Months Ended
    Dec. 31, 2012
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              2012           2011  
        Shares     Weighted Average
    Exercise price    		     Shares     Weighted Average
    Exercise price    		  
                             
    Warrants outstanding January 1     11,896,070     $ 0.83       12,973,820     $ 1.18  
                                     
    Granted during year     -       -                  
                                     
    Exercised                                
                                     
    Lapsed     (173,755 )     2.35       (1,077,750 )     4.74  
                                     
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