-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, OV+uvQWij38jawBsuJ+RYjPZyITwG92lpMvCmlxXRFQuvbchUN1DNXyRBHzqvrLB q51mC3UGlcOaK1BohrK9/w== 0000950147-98-000199.txt : 19980323 0000950147-98-000199.hdr.sgml : 19980323 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000950147-98-000199 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 485APOS PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 3 FILED AS OF DATE: 19980319 SROS: NONE FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: ADVISORS SERIES TRUST CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001027596 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: [] STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 1130 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 485APOS SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 333-17391 FILM NUMBER: 98569152 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 485APOS SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 811-07959 FILM NUMBER: 98569153 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2025 E FINANCIAL WAY SUITE 101 CITY: GLENDORA STATE: CA ZIP: 91741 BUSINESS PHONE: 8188521033 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 2025 E FINANCIAL WAY STREET 2: SUITE 101 CITY: GLENDORA STATE: CA ZIP: 91741 485APOS 1 N-1A File No. 333-17391 811-07959 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ================================================================================ SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, DC 20549 FORM N-1A REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 [ ] Pre-Effective Amendment No. [ ] Post-Effective Amendment No. 20 [X] REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 [ ] Amendment No. 22 [X] ADVISORS SERIES TRUST (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter) 4455 E. Camelback Road, Suite 261E Phoenix, AZ 85018 (Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code) Registrant's Telephone Number (including area code): (602) 952-1100 ROBERT H. WADSWORTH Advisors Series Trust 4455 E. Camelback Road, Suite 261E Phoenix, AZ 85018 (Name and address of agent for service of process) Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after the effective date of the registration statement. It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box) [ ] immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) [ ] on (date) pursuant to paragraph (b) [ ] 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) [ ] on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(i) [X] 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(ii) [ ] on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(ii) of Rule 485 If appropriate, check the following box [ ] this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ================================================================================ CROSS REFERENCE SHEET (as required by Rule 495)
NA Item No. Location - ----------- -------- Part A -- Prospectus of Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund Item 1. Cover Page........................................... Cover Page Item 2. Synopsis............................................. Expense Table Item 3. Condensed Financial Information...................... General Information Item 4. General Description of Registrant.................... Investment Objective and Policies; Management of the Fund; General Information Item 5. Management of Fund .................................. Management of the Fund; Investor Guide Item 5A. Management's Discussion of Fund Performance.......... Not applicable Item 6. Capital Stock and Other Securities................... Distributions and Taxes; General Information Item 7. Purchase of Securities Being Offered................. Investor Guide Item 8. Redemption or Repurchase............................. How to Redeem Your Shares Item 9. Pending Legal Proceedings............................ Not Applicable Part B - Statement of Additional Information of Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund Item 10. Cover Page .......................................... Cover Page Item 11. Table of Contents .................................. Table of Contents Item 12. General Information and History ..................... Not Applicable Item 13. Investment Objectives and Policies .................. Investment Objectives and Policies Item 14. Management of the Fund .............................. Management of the Fund Item 15. Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities................................ General Information Item 16. Investment Advisory and Other Services .............. Management; General Information Item 17. Brokerage Allocation and Other Practices ............ Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage Item 18. Capital Stock and Other Practices ................... General Information Item 19. Purchase, Redemption and Pricing of Securities Being Offered.......................... Net Asset Value Item 20. Tax Status .......................................... Taxation Item 21. Underwriters ........................................ Not Applicable Item 22. Calculation of Performance Data .................... Performance Information Item 23. Financial Statements ................................ Not Applicable
Part C Information required to be included in Part C is set forth under the appropriate item, so numbered, in Part C to the Registration Statement. PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS DATED JUNE , 1998 SUBJECT TO COMPLETION A REGISTRATION STATEMENT RELATING TO THESE SECURITIES HAS BEEN FILED WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION BUT HAS NOT YET BECOME EFFECTIVE. INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS SUBJECT TO COMPLETION OR AMENDMENT. THESE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD NOR MAY OFFERS TO BUY BE ACCEPTED PRIOR TO THE TIME THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT BECOMES EFFECTIVE. THIS PROSPECTUS SHALL NOT CONSTITUTE AN OFFER TO SELL OR THE SOLICITATION OF AN OFFER TO BUY NOR SHALL THERE BE ANY SALE OF THESE SECURITIES IN ANY JURISDICTION IN WHICH SUCH OFFER, SOLICITATION OR SALE WOULD BE UNLAWFUL PRIOR TO REGISTRATION OR QUALIFICATION UNDER THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY SUCH JURISDICTION. The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund 7373 North Scottsdale Road, Suite D-201 Scottsdale, AZ 85253 (800) 596-1213 PROSPECTUS The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund (the "Fund") is a mutual fund with the investment objective of seeking a high rate of current income. The Fund attempts to achieve its objective by investing primarily in preferred stocks. See "Investment Objective and Policies." There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. This Prospectus sets forth concisely basic information about the Fund that prospective investors should know before investing. It should be read and retained for future reference. The Fund is a separate series of Advisors Series Trust (the "Trust"), an open-end registered management investment company. A Statement of Additional Information (the "SAI") dated June , 1998 has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is incorporated herein by reference. This SAI is available without charge upon request to the Fund at the address given above. THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE. June , 1998 Table of Contents Expense Table................................... 2 Investment Objective and Policies............... 3 Management of the Fund.......................... 5 Investor Guide.................................. 6 Services Available to Shareholders.............. 9 How to Redeem Your Shares....................... 9 Distributions and Taxes......................... 11 General Information............................. 12 Expense Table Expenses are one of several factors to consider when investing in the Fund. There are two types of expenses involved: shareholder transaction expenses, such as sales loads, and annual operating expenses, such as investment advisory fees. Shares will be redeemed at net asset value per share. Shareholder Transaction Expenses Maximum Sales Load Imposed on Purchases (as a percentage of offering price) 2.00% Maximum Sales Load on Reinvested Dividends None Deferred Sales Load None Redemption Fees None Annual Operating Expenses (As a percentage of average net assets) Investment Advisory Fee 1.00% Other Expenses (1) 1.00% ---- Total Fund Operating Expenses (2) 2.00% ==== (1) Other Expenses are estimated for the first fiscal year of the Fund. (2) The Advisor has agreed to reduce its fees and/or pay pay expenses of the Fund to insure that the Fund's expenses will not exceed 2.00%. If the Advisor did not limit the Fund's expenses, it is expected that "Other Expenses" in the above table would be 1.45% and "Total Operating Expenses" would be 2.45%. If the Advisor does waive any of its fees or pay Fund expenses, the Fund may reimburse the Advisor in future years. See "Management of the Fund." Example This table illustrates the net operating expenses that would be incurred by an investment in the Fund over different time periods assuming a $1,000 investment, a 5% annual return, and redemption at the end of each time period. 1 Year 3 Years $22 $67 The Example shown above should not be considered a representation of past or future expenses and actual expenses may be greater or less than those shown. In addition, federal 2 regulations require the Example to assume a 5% annual return, but the Fund's actual return may be higher or lower. See "Management of the Fund." The minimum initial investment in the Fund is $5,000, with subsequent minimum investments of $500 or more ($2,000 and $250, respectively, for retirement plans). Shares will be redeemed at their net asset value. Investment Objective And Policies What is the Fund's investment objective? The investment objective of the fund is to achieve a high rate of current income. Heritage West Advisors, LLC (the "Advisor") attempts to achieve this objective primarily by buying and selling preferred stocks for the Fund's portfolio in order to realize a high level of dividend income. There can be no assurance that the Fund will achieve its objective. What is preferred stock? Like common stock, preferred stock represents a part of the equity ownership of a corporation or trust. Preferred stock derives its name from that fact that it has preference and priority over common stock in dividends, in liquidation or in other matters. Preferred stocks typically make predetermined fixed dividend payments and thus share many of the same characteristics of bonds, which typically make predetermined fixed interest payments. The rights of the holder of preferred stock, however, are subordinate to those of bondholders. The Preferred Stock Dividend Cycle. Preferred stocks typically declare and pay dividends quarterly (occasionally monthly). Because shares change hands daily, the issuing corporations or trusts set a date known as the "record date" to establish a roster of recipients who are entitled to the next dividend payment. The securities markets then set an "ex dividend" date (usually two business days) prior to the record date; purchasers of preferred stock on the ex dividend date will not, under normal circumstances, receive the current dividend when it is paid. In order to maintain an orderly market, securities markets adjust the price of shares downward by the amount of the dividend on the ex dividend date. The effect of this action is to create no particular advantage to earning the dividend on one day, versus paying less for the stock by the amount of the dividend on the next day. What is the Advisor's Strategy? The Advisor's strategy is to exploit inefficiencies in the preferred stock market by trading around the ex dividend date using a proprietary computer system and associated data. The Fund invests primarily in those preferred stocks which have historically made regular dividend payments. The Advisor seeks to purchase preferred stocks that are priced advantageously relative to their expected current dividend and to sell preferred stocks after the dividend has been earned (or is fully reflected in the stocks' market price) so as to "capture" the dividend either as income or as short-term capital gain. In deciding when to purchase and sell specific preferred stocks, the Advisor may seek to take advantage of other market anomalies that will generate additional trading returns for the Fund. By owning a preferred stock only during the portion of its dividend cycle in which the dividend is captured, the Fund may capture additional dividends during the year from other preferred stocks with different dividend cycles. The Advisor seeks to minimize credit risk by doing fundamental analysis on each issuer prior to purchasing its preferred stock and by holding a diversified 3 portfolio of preferred stocks. However, stocks are selected primarily for their immediate-term trading characteristics and dividend capture potential. By trading preferred stocks around their dividend cycle, the Advisor believes it can obtain a higher return, even after trading costs are factored in, than an investor would obtain from simply buying and holding preferred stocks. Ratings. Most preferred stocks are rated by rating agencies, such as Standard & Poor's Corporation ("S&P) and Moody's Investors Corporation ("Moody's"). These ratings reflect the agencies' assessment of the capacity and willingness of an issuer to pay preferred stock dividends and any applicable sinking fund obligations. The Fund will not invest in a preferred stock rated lower than "B" by S&P or "b" by Moody's, or in a stock which is not rated by S&P or Moody's unless the stock is considered by the Advisor to be comparable in quality to a stock rated "B" or "b" or better by S&P or Moody's. More information about ratings is included in the SAI. Also, see "Risks" below. What risks are associated with the Advisor's strategy? There is, of course, no assurance that the Fund's objective will be achieved or that the Advisor's strategy will be successful. Among the risks associated with the Advisor's strategy are interest rate and credit risk. If interest rates increase, the value of fixed income securities, including preferred stocks, will tend to decrease. Conversely, if interest rates decrease, the value of preferred stocks will tend to increase. In addition, if the credit rating issued by S&P or Moody's for a particular stock were to be lowered during the time a preferred stock is in the Fund's portfolio, the preferred stock would likely decline in value. The Fund invests in many preferred stocks which are below investment grade. These securities usually offer higher yields than higher rated securities but are also subject to more risk than higher rated securities. Lower rated or unrated securities are more likely to react to developments affecting market and credit risks than are higher rated securities, which react primarily to movements in interest rates. In the past, economic downturns or increases in interest rates caused a higher incidence of default by issuers of lower-rated securities. In some cases, such preferred stocks may be highly speculative, and may have poor prospects for reaching investment grade. To the extent an issuer defaults during the time the Fund owns its preferred stock, the Fund may incur additional expenses in order to enforce its rights or to participate in a restructuring of the preferred stock. In addition, the prices of lower-rated securities generally tend to be more volatile and the market less liquid than those of higher-rated securities. Consequently, the Fund may at times experience difficulty in liquidating its investments at the desired times and prices. Brokerage transactions and portfolio turnover. The Fund will have a high rate of portfolio turnover each year, as a result of its strategy of buying and selling preferred stocks to capture dividends; the turnover rate is expected to exceed 800%. A high rate of turnover increases the portfolio brokerage costs incurred by the Fund and will generate taxable income if the Advisor's strategy is successful. The Advisor intends to execute portfolio transactions primarily through brokers from which it is able to obtain reduced 4 commission rates, including its affiliated broker-dealer, in order to minimize trading costs. The Advisor may also consider other factors in determining which brokers or dealers to use for the Fund's portfolio transactions, which are more fully discussed in the SAI. Provided the Fund receives prompt execution at competitive prices, the Advisor may also consider the sale of Fund shares as a factor in selecting broker-dealers for the Fund's portfolio transactions. What does the Fund use for cash reserves? For temporary defensive purposes, the Advisor may invest up to 100% of the Fund's total assets in high quality, short-term debt securities and money market instruments. These short-term debt securities and money market instruments include commercial paper, certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances, U.S. Government securities, money market funds and repurchase agreements. Other investments and investment techniques The Fund may borrow money, as described below. More information about this technique is contained in the SAI. In addition, the Fund may invest in futures on indices and options on equities and indices, although it does not expect to invest more than 5% of its total net assets in options or futures. Borrowing money. The Fund may borrow money from banks for leverage, up to one-third of its total assets. The use of borrowing by the Fund involves special risk considerations that may not be associated with other funds having similar objectives and policies. Substantially all of the Fund's assets fluctuate in value, while the interest obligation resulting from borrowing will be fixed by the terms of the Fund's agreement with its lender; consequently, the net asset value per share of the Fund will tend to increase more when its portfolio securities increase in value and to decrease more when its portfolio assets decrease in value than would otherwise be the case if the Fund did not borrow funds. In addition, interest costs on borrowings may fluctuate with changing market rates of interest and may partially offset or exceed the return earned on borrowed funds. Under adverse market conditions, the Fund might have to sell portfolio securities to meet interest or principal payments at a time when fundamental investment considerations would not favor such sales. The Fund is required to segregate high quality liquid assets with its custodian equal to the amount it has borrowed. Investment restrictions. The Fund has adopted certain investment restrictions, which are described fully in the SAI. Like the Fund's investment objective, certain of these restrictions are fundamental and may be changed only by a majority vote of the Fund's outstanding shares. As a fundamental policy, the Fund is a diversified fund. Management of The Fund The Board of Trustees of the Trust establishes the Fund's policies and supervises and reviews the management of the Fund. The Advisor and Distributor. Heritage West Advisors, LLC, 7373 North Scottsdale Road, Suite D-201, Scottsdale, AZ 85253, is the Fund's Advisor and has provided, together with its 5 predecessor organizations, asset management services using its dividend capture strategy since 1994. The Advisor was established and is controlled by its President, Craig O. Jolly, who is principally responsible for the management of the Fund's portfolio. Heritage West Securities, Inc., an affiliate of the Advisor, is the Fund's Distributor. Since its founding in 1992, Mr. Jolly has been President and controlling stockholder. The Advisor provides the Fund with advice on buying and selling securities, manages the investments of the Fund, furnishes the Fund with office space and certain administrative services, and provides most of the personnel needed by the Fund. As compensation, the Fund pays the Advisor a monthly management fee based upon the average daily net assets of the Fund at the annual rate of 1.00%. The Administrator. Investment Company Administration Corporation (the "Administrator") prepares various federal and state regulatory filings, reports and returns for the Fund, prepares reports and materials to be supplied to the trustees, monitors the activities of the Fund's custodian, shareholder servicing agent and accountants, and coordinates the preparation and payment of Fund expenses and reviews the Fund's expense accruals. For its services, the Administrator receives a monthly fee at the annual rate of 0.20% of average daily net assets, subject to a $30,000 annual minimum. Other operating expenses. The Fund is responsible for its own operating expenses, including but not limited to, the advisory and administration fees, custody and shareholder servicing agent fees, legal and auditing expenses, federal and state registration fees, and fees to the Trust's disinterested trustees. The Advisor may reduce its fees or reimburse the Fund for expenses at any time in order to reduce the Fund's expenses. Reductions made by the Advisor in its fees or payments or reimbursements of expenses which are the Fund's obligation are subject to reimbursement by the Fund provided the Fund is able to do so and remain in compliance with any applicable expense limitations. Investor Guide How to purchase shares of the Fund. There are several ways to purchase shares of the Fund. An Application Form, which accompanies this Prospectus, is used if you send money directly to the Fund by mail or by wire. If you have questions about how to invest, or about how to complete the Application Form, please call an account representative at (888) 263-6443. You may send money to the Fund by mail. If you wish to invest by mail, simply complete the Application Form and mail it with a check (made payable to The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund) to the Fund's Shareholder Servicing Agent, American Data Services, Inc. at the following address: The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund P.O. Box 000 Cincinnati, OH 45264-0856 6 If you wish to send your Application Form and check via an overnight delivery service (such as FedEx), delivery cannot be made to a post office box. In that case, you should use the following address: The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund c/o Star Bank, N.A. Mutual Fund Custody Department 425 Walnut Street, M.L. 6118, Sixth Floor Cincinnati, Ohio 45202 You may wire money to the Fund. Before sending a wire, you should call the Fund at (888) 263-6443 between 9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on a day when the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") is open for trading, in order to receive an account number. It is important to call and receive this account number, because if your wire is sent without it or without the name of the Fund, there may be a delay in investing the money you wire. You should then ask your bank to wire money to: Star Bank, N.A. Cinti/Trust ABA # 0420-0001-3 for credit to The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund DDA # for further credit to [your name and account number] Your bank may charge you a fee for sending a wire to the Fund. You may purchase shares through an investment broker or dealer. You may be able to invest in shares of the Fund through an investment broker or dealer, if the broker-dealer has made arrangements with the Distributor. A broker or dealer may charge you a fee for placing your order, but you could avoid paying such a fee by sending an Application Form and payment directly to the Fund. The broker-dealer may also hold the shares you purchase in its omnibus account rather than in your name in the records of the Fund's transfer agent. The Fund may reimburse the broker-dealer for maintaining records of your account as well as for other services provided to you. Your broker or dealer is responsible for sending your money to the Fund promptly after placing the order to purchase shares, and the Fund may cancel the order if payment is not received from the broker-dealer promptly. Minimum investments. The minimum initial investment in the Fund is $5,000. The minimum subsequent investment is $500. However, if you are investing in an Individual Retirement Account ("IRA"), or you are starting an Automatic Investment Plan (see below), the minimum initial and subsequent investments are $2,000 and $250, respectively. Subsequent investments. You may purchase additional shares of the Fund by sending a check, with the stub from an 7 account statement, to the Fund at the address above. Please write your account number on the check. (If you do not have a stub from an account statement, you can write your name, address and account number on a separate piece of paper and enclose it with your check.) If you want to send additional money for investment by wire, it is important for you to call the Fund at (888) 263-6443. You may also make additional purchases through an broker-dealer, as described above. What is the price you pay for each share of the Fund? When you invest in the Fund, you pay the "offering price" of a share. The offering price is the net asset value, plus a sales charge consisting of 2% of the offering price (2.04% of the net amount invested in the Fund). If you purchase your shares through an investment dealer, the dealer will receive a portion (1.85%) of the sales charge from the Fund's Distributor. Shares of the Fund may be purchased at net asset value by (i) officers, Trustees, directors and full time employees of the Trust, the Advisor, the Administrator and affiliates of those companies, or by their family members; (ii) registered representatives and employees of firms which have sales agreements with the Distributor (iii) investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts or the accounts of their clients and who charge a management, consulting or other fee for their services; (iv) clients of such investment advisors, financial planners or other intermediaries who place trades for their own accounts if the accounts are linked to the master account of such investment advisor, financial planner or other intermediary on the books and records of the broker or agent; and (v) by such other investors who are determined to have acquired shares under circumstances not involving any sales expense to the Fund or Distributor. The Distributor has the right to decide whether a purchase may be made at net asset value. The Fund's net asset value per share is calculated by dividing the value of the Fund's total assets, less its liabilities, by the number of its shares outstanding. In calculating the net asset value, portfolio securities are valued using current market values, if available. Securities for which market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair values determined in good faith by or under the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust. The fair value of short-term obligations with remaining maturities of 60 days or less is considered to be their amortized cost. The net asset value is calculated at the close of regular trading of the NYSE, currently 4:00 p.m., Eastern time. When is money invested in the Fund? Any money received for investment in the Fund from an investor, whether sent by check or by wire, is invested at the offering price of the Fund which is next calculated after the money is received (assuming the check or wire correctly identifies the Fund and account). Orders received from broker-dealers are invested at the offering price next calculated after the order is received. It is the responsibility of the broker-dealer to place your order promptly. A check or wire received after the NYSE closes is invested as of the next calculation of the Fund's offering price. Other information. All investments must be made in U.S. dollars, and checks must be drawn on U.S. banks. Third 8 party checks will not be accepted. A charge may be imposed if a check used to make an investment does not clear. The Fund and the Distributor reserve the right to reject any investment, in whole or in part. Federal tax law requires that investors provide a certified taxpayer identification number and other certifications on opening an account in order to avoid backup withholding of taxes. See the Application Form for more information about backup withholding. The Fund is not required to issue share certificates; all shares are normally held in non-certificated form on the books of the Fund, for the account of the shareholder. The Fund, under certain circumstances, may accept investments of securities appropriate for the Fund's portfolio, in lieu of cash. Prior to making such a purchase, you should call the Advisor to determine if such an investment may be made. The Advisor may, at its own expense, pay third parties for assistance in gathering assets for the Fund. Services Available to Shareholders Retirement Plans You may obtain a prototype IRA plan from the Fund. Shares of the Fund are also eligible investments for other types of retirement plans. Automatic investing by check You may make regular monthly investments in the Fund using the Automatic Investment Plan. A check is automatically drawn on your personal checking account each month for a predetermined amount (but not less than $250), as if you had written it directly. Upon receipt of the withdrawn funds, the Fund automatically invests the money in additional shares of the Fund at the current offering price. Applications for this service are available from the Fund. There is no charge by the Fund for this service. The Fund may terminate or modify this privilege at any time, and shareholders may terminate their participation by notifying the Shareholder Servicing Agent in writing, sufficiently in advance of the next withdrawal. Automatic withdrawals The Fund offers a Systematic Withdrawal Program whereby shareholders may request that a check drawn in a predetermined amount be sent to them each month or calendar quarter. To start this Program, your account must have Fund shares with a value of at least $10,000, and the minimum amount that may be withdrawn each month or quarter is $50. This Program may be terminated or modified by a shareholder or the Fund at any time without charge or penalty. A withdrawal under the Systematic Withdrawal Program involves a redemption of shares of the Fund, and may result in a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. In addition, if the amount withdrawn exceeds the dividends credited to your account, the account ultimately may be depleted. How to Redeem Your Shares You have the right to redeem all or any portion of your shares of the Fund at their net asset value on each day the NYSE is open for trading. Redemption in writing. You may redeem your shares by simply sending a written request to the Fund. You should give 9 your account number and state whether you want all or part of your shares redeemed. The letter should be signed by all of the shareholders whose names appear in the account registration. You should send your redemption request to: The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund 150 Motor Parkway, Suite 109 Hauppauge, New York, 11788 Signature guarantee. If the value of the shares you wish to redeem exceeds $5,000, the signatures on the redemption request must be guaranteed by an "eligible guarantor institution." These institutions include banks, broker-dealers, credit unions and savings institutions. A broker-dealer guaranteeing a signature must be a member of a clearing corporation or maintain net capital of at least $100,000. Credit unions must be authorized to issue signature guarantees. Signature guarantees will be accepted from any eligible guarantor institution which participates in a signature guarantee program. A notary public is not an acceptable guarantor. Redemption by telephone. If you complete the Redemption by Telephone portion of the Fund's Application Form, you may redeem shares on any business day the NYSE is open by calling the Fund's Shareholder Servicing Agent at (888) 263-6443 before 4:00 p.m. Eastern time. Redemption proceeds will be mailed or wired, at your direction, on the next business day to the bank account you designated on the Application Form. The minimum amount that may be wired is $1,000 (wire charges, if any, will be deducted from redemption proceeds). Telephone redemptions cannot be made for IRA accounts. By establishing telephone redemption privileges, you authorize the Fund and its Shareholder Servicing Agent to act upon the instruction of any person who makes the telephone call to redeem shares from your account and transfer the proceeds to the bank account designated in the Application Form. The Fund and the Shareholder Servicing Agent will use procedures to confirm that redemption instructions received by telephone are genuine, including recording of telephone instructions and requiring a form of personal identification before acting on these instructions. If these normal identification procedures are followed, neither the Fund nor the Shareholder Servicing Agent will be liable for any loss, liability, or cost which results from acting upon instructions of a person believed to be a shareholder with respect to the telephone redemption privilege. The Fund may change, modify, or terminate these privileges at any time upon at least 60-days' notice to shareholders. You may request telephone redemption privileges after your account is opened; however, the authorization form will require a separate signature guarantee. Shareholders may experience delays in exercising telephone redemption privileges during periods of abnormal market activity. What price is used for a redemption? The redemption price is the net asset value of the Fund's shares, next determined after shares are 10 validly tendered for redemption. All signatures of account holders must be included in the request, and a signature guarantee, if required, must also be included for the request to be valid. When are redemption payments made? As noted above, redemption payments for telephone redemptions are sent on the day after the telephone call is received. Payments for redemptions sent in writing are normally made promptly, but no later than seven days after the receipt of a request that meets requirements described above. However, the Fund may suspend the right of redemption under certain extraordinary circumstances in accordance with rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. If shares were purchased by wire, they cannot be redeemed until the day after the Application Form is received. If shares were purchased by check and then redeemed shortly after the check is received, the Fund may delay sending the redemption proceeds until it has been notified that the check used to purchase the shares has been collected, a process which may take up to 15 days. This delay may be avoided by investing by wire or by using a certified or official bank check to make the purchase. Repurchases from dealers The Fund may accept orders to repurchase shares from an investment dealer on behalf of a dealer's customers. The net asset value for a repurchase is that next calculated after receipt of the order from the dealer. The dealer is responsible for forwarding any documents required in connection with a redemption, including a signature guarantee, promptly, and the Fund may cancel the order if these documents are not received promptly. Other information about redemptions. A redemption may result in recognition of a gain or loss for federal income tax purposes. Due to the relatively high cost of maintaining smaller accounts, the shares in your account (unless it is a retirement plan or Uniform Gifts or Transfers to Minors Act account) may be redeemed by the Fund if, due to redemptions you have made, the total value of your account is reduced to less than $500. If the Fund determines to make such an involuntary redemption, you will first be notified that the value of your account is less than $500, and you will be allowed 30 days to make an additional investment to bring the value of your account to at least $500 before the Fund takes any action. Distributions and Taxes Dividends and Distributions. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are normally declared and paid by the Fund quarterly. Capital gains distributions, if any, are normally made in December, but the Fund may make an additional payment of dividends or distributions if it deems it desirable at any other time during any year. Dividends are automatically paid in cash, and capital gain distributions are automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund at their net asset value per share, unless you have previously requested otherwise in writing to the Shareholder Servicing Agent. Alternative distribution options include (i) having all dividends and distributions paid in cash, and (ii) having 11 all dividends and distributions reinvested. Any dividend or distribution paid by the Fund has the effect of reducing the net asset value per share on the record date by the amount of the dividend or distribution. You should note that a dividend or distribution paid on shares purchased shortly before that dividend or distribution was declared will be subject to income taxes even though the dividend or distribution represents, in substance, a partial return of capital to you. Taxes The Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Code. As long as the Fund continues to qualify, and as long as the Fund distributes all of its income each year to the shareholders, the Fund will not be subject to any federal income or excise taxes. Distributions made by the Fund will be taxable to shareholders whether received in shares (through dividend reinvestment) or in cash. Distributions derived from net investment income, including net short-term capital gains, are taxable to shareholders as ordinary income. On the "ex-dividend date" for a stock held by the Fund, the price of the stock normally declines in the amount of the dividend. The Fund's strategy of buying and selling stocks to capture dividends, which results in high portfolio turnover, is intended to generate high current income, which may be realized either in the form of dividends or short-term capital gains. A portion of dividends may qualify for the dividends-received deduction for corporations, but the Advisor will not necessarily attempt to maximize this deduction in the management of the Fund's portfolio. Distributions designated as capital gains dividends are taxable as capital gains regardless of the length of time shares of the Fund have been held. The maximum capital gains tax rate for individuals is 28% with respect to assets held for more than 12 months, but not more than 18 months, and 20% with respect to assets held more than 18 months. The maximum capital gains rate for corporate shareholders is the same as the maximum tax rate for ordinary income. Although distributions are generally taxable when received, certain distributions made in January are taxable as if received the prior December. You will be informed annually of the amount and nature of the Fund's distributions. Additional information about taxes is set forth in the Statement of Additional Information. You should consult your own advisers concerning federal, state and local taxation of distributions from the Fund. General Information The Trust. The Trust was organized as a Delaware business trust on October 3, 1996. The Agreement and Declaration of Trust permits the Board of Trustees to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest, par value $.01 per share, which may be issued in any number of series. The Board of Trustees may, from time to time, issue other series, the assets and liabilities of which will be separate and distinct from any other series. The Board may also authorize the issuance of additional classes of shares for an existing series. The fiscal year of the Fund ends on October 31. 12 Shareholder Rights Shares issued by the Fund have no preemptive, conversion, or subscription rights. Shareholders have equal and exclusive rights as to dividends and distributions as declared by the Fund and to the net assets of the Fund upon liquidation or dissolution. The Fund, as a separate series of the Trust, votes separately on matters affecting only the Fund (e.g., approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement); all series of the Trust vote as a single class on matters affecting all series jointly or the Trust as a whole (e.g., election or removal of Trustees). Voting rights are not cumulative, so that the holders of more than 50% of the shares voting in any election of Trustees can, if they so choose, elect all of the Trustees. While the Trust is not required and does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders, such meetings may be called by the Trustees in their discretion, or upon demand by the holders of 10% or more of the outstanding shares of the Trust for the purpose of electing or removing Trustees. Performance Information. From time to time, the Fund may publish its total return in advertisements and communications to investors. Total return information will include the Fund's average annual compounded rate of return over the most recent four calendar quarters and over the period from the Fund's inception of operations. The Fund may also advertise aggregate and average total return information over different periods of time. The Fund's total return will be based upon the value of the shares acquired through a hypothetical $1,000 investment at the beginning of the specified period and the net asset value of those shares at the end of the period, assuming reinvestment of all distributions. Total return figures will reflect all recurring charges against Fund income. You should note that the investment results of the Fund will fluctuate over time, and any presentation of the Fund's total return for any prior period should not be considered as a representation of what an investor's total return may be in any future period. Shareholder Inquiries. Shareholder inquiries should be directed to the Shareholder Servicing Agent at (800) 000-0000. 13 THE HERITAGE WEST DIVIDEND CAPTURE INCOME FUND Statement of Additional Information Dated June , 1998 This Statement of Additional Information is not a prospectus, and it should be read in conjunction with the prospectus dated June , 1998, as may be amended from time to time, of The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund (the "Fund"), a series of Advisors Series Trust (the "Trust"). Heritage West Advisors, LLC, (the "Advisor") is the Advisor to the Fund. A copy of the prospectus may be obtained from the Fund at 7373 North Scottsdale Road, Suite D-201, Scottsdale, AZ 85253; telephone (800) 596-1213. TABLE OF CONTENTS
Cross-reference to sections Page in the prospectus ---- --------------------------- Investment Objective and Policies.................... B-2 The Fund at a Glance; The Fund in Detail Management........................................... B-13 Management of the Fund Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage................. B-16 Management of the Fund Net Asset Value...................................... B-17 Investor Guide Taxation ........................................... B-17 Distributions and Taxes Dividends and Distributions.......................... B-19 Distributions and Taxes Performance Information.............................. B-19 General Information General Information.................................. B-20 General Information Appendix............................................. B-21 Not applicable
B-1 INVESTMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES The investment objective of the Fund is to achieve a high rate of current income. There is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its objective. The discussion below supplements information contained in the prospectus as to investment policies of the Fund. Preferred Stock In addition to the information about preferred stock contained in the prospectus, preferred stock usually has preference in dividends, and holders of preferred stock generally are entitled to receive a specified dividend (expressed either in dollars per share or as a percentage of the par value of the stock) before dividends may be distributed to common stockholders. Preferred stock may be either cumulative or noncumulative. A cumulative dividend preference means that if a dividend is omitted, it must be declared and paid before a dividend can be paid to holders of common stock. While a preference with respect to dividends is the most common privilege of preferred stock, there are other preferences which may also by applicable to an issue. These include a preference on liquidation and in voting. Preferred stocks are also frequently convertible into the issuer's common stock, and they may be redeemed after a certain date at the option of the corporation. There are also variations in dividend preferences, including the possibility, in some cases, of participation in earnings. Convertible Securities and Warrants The Fund may invest in convertible preferred stocks and warrants. A convertible preferred stock may be converted at a stated price within a specified period of time into a certain quantity of the common stock of the same or a different issuer. Convertible securities are senior to common stocks in an issuer's capital structure, but are usually subordinated to similar non-convertible securities. While providing a fixed income stream (generally higher in yield than the income derivable from common stock but lower than that afforded by a similar nonconvertible security), a convertible security also gives an investor the opportunity, through its conversion feature, to participate in the capital appreciation of the issuing company depending upon a market price advance in the convertible security's underlying common stock. A warrant gives the holder a right to purchase at any time during a specified period a predetermined number of shares of common stock at a fixed price. Unlike convertible preferred stock, warrants do not pay a fixed dividend. Investments in warrants involve certain risks, including the possible lack of a liquid market for resale of the warrants, potential price fluctuations as a result of speculation or other factors, and failure of the price of the underlying security to reach or have reasonable prospects of reaching a level at which the warrant can be prudently exercised (in which event the warrant may expire without being exercised, resulting in a loss of the Fund's entire investment therein). Risks of Investing in Lower-Rated Preferred Stocks As set forth in the prospectus, the Fund may invest a portion of its net assets in preferred stocks which may be rated below "baa" by Moody's or "BBB" by S&P or below investment grade by other recognized rating agencies, or in unrated securities of comparable quality under certain circumstances. These preferred stocks are subject to greater market fluctuations and risk of loss of income and principal than higher rated stocks for a variety of reasons, including the following: Sensitivity to Interest Rate and Economic Changes. The economy and interest rates affect lower rated securities differently from other securities. For example, the prices of lower rated securities have been found to be less sensitive to interest rate changes than higher rated investments, but more sensitive to adverse economic changes or individual corporate developments. Also, during an economic downturn or substantial period of rising interest rates, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial stress which would adversely affect their ability to service their obligations, to meet projected business goals, and to obtain additional financing. Periods of economic uncertainty and changes can be expected to result in increased volatility of market prices of lower rated preferred stocks and the Fund's asset values. Liquidity and Valuation. To the extent that there is no established retail secondary market, there may be thin trading of lower rated preferred stocks, and this may impact the Advisor's ability to value these preferred stocks and the Fund's assets and hinder the Fund's ability to dispose of these stocks. Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the values and liquidity of lower rated preferred stocks, especially in a thinly traded market. Credit Ratings. Credit ratings primarily evaluate the likelihood of payment of dividends, not the market value risk of preferred stocks. Also, since credit rating agencies may fail to timely change the credit ratings to reflect subsequent events, the Advisor must monitor the issuers of lower rated preferred stocks in the Fund's portfolio to determine if the issuers will have sufficient cash flow and profits to meet dividends, and to assure the stocks' liquidity so the Fund can meet redemption requests. The Fund will dispose of a portfolio security in an orderly manner when its rating has been downgraded below C. Short-Term Investments The Fund may invest in any of the following securities and instruments: B-2 Bank Certificates or Deposit, Bankers' Acceptances and Time Deposits. The Fund may acquire certificates of deposit, bankers' acceptances and time deposits. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return. Bankers' acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are "accepted" by a bank, meaning in effect that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity. Certificates of deposit and bankers' acceptances acquired by the Fund will be dollar-denominated obligations of domestic or foreign banks or financial institutions which at the time of purchase have capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of $100 million (including assets of both domestic and foreign branches), based on latest published reports, or less than $100 million if the principal amount of such bank obligations are fully insured by the U.S. Government. If the Fund holds instruments of foreign banks or financial institutions, it may be subject to additional investment risks that are different in some respects from those incurred by a fund which invests only in debt obligations of U.S. domestic issuers. See "Foreign Investments" below. Such risks include future political and economic developments, the possible imposition of withholding taxes by the particular country in which the issuer is located on interest income payable on the securities, the possible seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, the possible establishment of exchange controls, or the adoption of other foreign governmental restrictions which might adversely affect the payment of principal and interest on these securities. Domestic banks and foreign banks are subject to different governmental regulations with respect to the amount and types of loans which may be made and interest rates which may be charged. In addition, the profitability of the banking industry depends largely upon the availability and cost of funds for the purpose of financing lending operations under prevailing money market conditions. General economic conditions as well as exposure to credit losses arising from possible financial difficulties of borrowers play an important part in the operations of the banking industry. As a result of federal and state laws and regulations, domestic banks are, among other things, required to maintain specified levels of reserves, limited in the amount which they can loan to a single borrower, and subject to other regulations designed to promote financial soundness. However, such laws and regulations do not necessarily apply to foreign bank obligations that the Fund may acquire. In addition to purchasing certificates of deposit and bankers' acceptances, to the extent permitted under its investment objectives and policies stated above and in its prospectus, the Fund may make interest-bearing time or other interest-bearing deposits in commercial or savings banks. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained at a banking institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate. Savings Association Obligations. The Fund may invest in certificates of deposit (interest-bearing time deposits) issued by savings banks or savings and loan associations that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in excess of $100 million, based on latest published reports, or less than $100 million if the principal amount of such obligations is fully insured by the U.S. Government. Commercial Paper, Short-Term Notes and Other Corporate Obligations. The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in commercial paper and short-term notes. Commercial paper consists of unsecured promissory notes issued by corporations. Issues of commercial paper and short-term notes will normally have maturities of less than nine months and fixed rates of return, although such instruments may have maturities of up to one year. Commercial paper and short-term notes will consist of issues rated at the time of purchase "A-2" or higher by S&P, "Prime-1" or "Prime-2" by Moody's, or similarly rated by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization or, if unrated, will be determined by the Advisor to be of comparable quality. These rating symbols are described in the Appendix. Corporate obligations include bonds and notes issued by corporations to finance longer-term credit needs than supported by commercial paper. While such obligations generally have maturities of ten years or more, the Fund may purchase corporate obligations which have remaining maturities of one year or less from the date of purchase and which are rated "AA" or higher by S&P or "Aa" or higher by Moody's. Government Obligations The Fund may make short-term investments in U.S. Government obligations. Such obligations include B-3 Treasury bills, certificates of indebtedness, notes and bonds, and issues of such entities as the Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA"), Export-Import Bank of the United States, Tennessee Valley Authority, Resolution Funding Corporation, Farmers Home Administration, Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Land Banks, Federal Housing Administration, Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA"), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, and the Student Loan Marketing Association. Some of these obligations, such as those of the GNMA, are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury; others, such as those of the Export-Import Bank of United States, are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the Treasury; others, such as those of the FNMA, are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase the agency's obligations; still others, such as those of the Student Loan Marketing Association, are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government would provide financial support to U.S. Government-sponsored instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so by law. The Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations of foreign countries. A sovereign debtor's willingness or ability to repay principal and interest in a timely manner may be affected by a number of factors, including its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of the debt service burden to the economy as a whole, the sovereign debtor's policy toward principal international lenders and the political constraints to which it may be subject. Emerging market governments could default on their sovereign debt. Such sovereign debtors also may be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and other entities abroad to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The commitments on the part of these governments, agencies and others to make such disbursements may be conditioned on a sovereign debtor's implementation of economic reforms and/or economic performance and the timely service of such debtor's obligations. Failure to meet such conditions could result in the cancellation of such third parties' commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor's ability or willingness to service its debt in a timely manner. Foreign Investments The Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers, provided that they are publicly traded in the United States and denominated in U.S. dollars. Depositary Receipts. Depositary Receipts ("DRs") include American Depositary Receipts ("ADRs"), which are receipts typically issued in connection with a U.S. or foreign bank or trust company which evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. Risks of Investing in Foreign Securities. Investments in foreign securities involve certain inherent risks, including the following: Political and Economic Factors. Individual foreign economies of certain countries may differ favorably or unfavorably from the United States' economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency, diversification and balance of payments position. The internal politics of certain foreign countries may not be as stable as those of the United States. Governments in certain foreign countries also continue to participate to a significant degree, through ownership interest or regulation, in their respective economies. Action by these governments could include restrictions on foreign investment, nationalization, expropriation of goods or imposition of taxes, and could have a significant effect on market prices of securities and payment of interest. The economies of many foreign countries are heavily dependent upon international trade and are accordingly affected by the trade policies and economic conditions of their trading partners. Enactment by these trading partners of protectionist trade legislation could have a significant adverse effect upon the securities markets of such countries. Taxes. The interest and dividends payable on certain of the Fund's foreign portfolio securities may be subject to foreign withholding taxes, thus reducing the net amount of income available for distribution to the Fund's shareholders. Options on Securities Purchasing Put and Call Options. The Fund may purchase covered "put" as well as "call" options with respect B-4 to securities which are otherwise eligible for purchase by the Fund and with respect to various stock indices subject to certain restrictions. If the Fund purchases a put option, the Fund acquires the right to sell the underlying security at a specified price at any time during the term of the option (for "American-style" options) or on the option expiration date (for "European-style" options). Purchasing put options may be used as a portfolio investment strategy when the Advisor perceives significant short-term risk but substantial long-term appreciation for the underlying security. The put option acts as an insurance policy, as it protects against significant downward price movement while it allows full participation in any upward movement. If the Fund is holding a security which it feels has strong fundamentals, but for some reason may be weak in the near term, the Fund may purchase a put option on such security, thereby giving itself the right to sell such security at a certain strike price throughout the term of the option. Consequently, the Fund will exercise the put only if the price of such security falls below the strike price of the put. The difference between the put's strike price and the market price of the underlying security on the date the Fund exercises the put, less transaction costs, will be the amount by which the Fund will be able to hedge against a decline in the underlying security. If during the period of the option the market price for the underlying security remains at or above the put's strike price, the put will expire worthless, representing a loss of the price the Fund paid for the put, plus transaction costs. If the price of the underlying security increases, the profit the Fund realizes on the sale of the security will be reduced by the premium paid for the put option less any amount for which the put may be sold. If the Fund purchases a call option, it acquires the right to purchase the underlying security at a specified price at any time during the term of the option. The purchase of a call option is a type of insurance policy to hedge against losses that could occur if the Fund has a short position in the underlying security and the security thereafter increases in price. The Fund will exercise a call option only if the price of the underlying security is above the strike price at the time of exercise. If during the option period the market price for the underlying security remains at or below the strike price of the call option, the option will expire worthless, representing a loss of the price paid for the option, plus transaction costs. If the call option has been purchased to hedge a short position of the Fund in the underlying security and the price of the underlying security thereafter falls, the profit the Fund realizes on the cover of the short position in the security will be reduced by the premium paid for the call option less any amount for which such option may be sold. Prior to exercise or expiration, an option may be sold when it has remaining value by a purchaser through a "closing sale transaction," which is accomplished by selling an option of the same series as the option previously purchased. The Fund generally will purchase only those options for which the Advisor believes there is an active secondary market to facilitate closing transactions. Writing Call Options. The Fund may write covered call options. A call option is "covered" if the Fund owns the security underlying the call or has an absolute right to acquire the security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or cash equivalents in such amount as are held in a segregated account by the Custodian). The writer of a call option receives a premium and gives the purchaser the right to buy the security underlying the option at the exercise price. The writer has the obligation upon exercise of the option to deliver the underlying security against payment of the exercise price during the option period. If the writer of an exchange-traded option wishes to terminate his obligation, he may effect a "closing purchase transaction." This is accomplished by buying an option of the same series as the option previously written. A writer may not effect a closing purchase transaction after it has been notified of the exercise of an option. Effecting a closing transaction in the case of a written call option will permit the Fund to write another call option on the underlying security with either a different exercise price, expiration date or both. Also, effecting a closing transaction will permit the cash or proceeds from the concurrent sale of any securities subject to the option to be used for other investments of the Fund. If the Fund desires to sell a particular security from its portfolio on which it has written a call option, it will effect a closing transaction prior to or concurrent with the sale of the security. The Fund will realize a gain from a closing transaction if the cost of the closing transaction is less than the premium received from writing the option or if the proceeds from the closing transaction are more than the premium paid to purchase the option. The Fund will realize a loss from a closing transaction if the cost of the closing transaction is more than the premium received from writing the option or if the proceeds from the closing transaction B-5 are less than the premium paid to purchase the option. However, because increases in the market price of a call option will generally reflect increases in the market price of the underlying security, any loss to the Fund resulting from the repurchase of a call option is likely to be offset in whole or in part by appreciation of the underlying security owned by the Fund. Stock Index Options. The Fund may also purchase put and call options with respect to the S&P 500 and other stock indices. Such options may be purchased as a hedge against changes resulting from market conditions in the values of securities which are held in the Fund's portfolio or which it intends to purchase or sell, or when they are economically appropriate for the reduction of risks inherent in the ongoing management of the Fund. The distinctive characteristics of options on stock indices create certain risks that are not present with stock options generally. Because the value of an index option depends upon movements in the level of the index rather than the price of a particular stock, whether the Fund will realize a gain or loss on the purchase or sale of an option on an index depends upon movements in the level of stock prices in the stock market generally rather than movements in the price of a particular stock. Accordingly, successful use by the Fund of options on a stock index would be subject to a Manager's ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of the stock market generally. This requires different skills and techniques than predicting changes in the price of individual stocks. Index prices may be distorted if trading of certain stocks included in the index is interrupted. Trading of index options also may be interrupted in certain circumstances, such as if trading were halted in a substantial number of stocks included in the index. If this were to occur, the Fund would not be able to close out options which it had purchased, and if restrictions on exercise were imposed, the Fund might be unable to exercise an option it holds, which could result in substantial losses to the Fund. It is the policy of the Fund to purchase put or call options only with respect to an index which a Manager believes includes a sufficient number of stocks to minimize the likelihood of a trading halt in the index. Risks Of Investing in Options. There are several risks associated with transactions in options on securities and indices. Options may be more volatile than the underlying securities and, therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying securities themselves. There are also significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objective. In addition, a liquid secondary market for particular options may be absent for reasons which include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options of underlying securities; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or clearing corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading volume; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options that had been issued by a clearing corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms. A decision as to whether, when and how to use options involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived transaction may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected events. The extent to which the Fund may enter into options transactions may be limited by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code") requirements for qualification of the Fund as a regulated investment company. See "Dividends and Distributions" and "Taxation." Dealer Options. The Fund will engage in transactions involving dealer options as well as exchange-traded options. Certain additional risks are specific to dealer options. While the Fund might look to a clearing corporation to exercise exchange-traded options, if the Fund were to purchase a dealer option it would need to rely on the dealer from which it purchased the option to perform if the option were exercised. Failure by the dealer to do so would result in the loss of the premium paid by the Fund as well as loss of the expected benefit of the transaction. Exchange-traded options generally have a continuous liquid market while dealer options may not. Consequently, the Fund may generally be able to realize the value of a dealer option it has purchased only by B-6 exercising or reselling the option to the dealer who issued it. Similarly, when the Fund writes a dealer option, the Fund may generally be able to close out the option prior to its expiration only by entering into a closing purchase transaction with the dealer to whom the Fund originally wrote the option. While the Fund will seek to enter into dealer options only with dealers who will agree to and which are expected to be capable of entering into closing transactions with the Fund, there can be no assurance that the Fund will at any time be able to liquidate a dealer option at a favorable price at any time prior to expiration. Unless the Fund, as a covered dealer call option writer, is able to effect a closing purchase transaction, it will not be able to liquidate securities (or other assets) used as cover until the option expires or is exercised. In the event of insolvency of the other party, the Fund may be unable to liquidate a dealer option. With respect to options written by the Fund, the inability to enter into a closing transaction may result in material losses to the Fund. For example, because the Fund must maintain a secured position with respect to any call option on a security it writes, the Fund may not sell the assets which it has segregated to secure the position while it is obligated under the option. This requirement may impair the Fund's ability to sell portfolio securities at a time when such sale might be advantageous. The Staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") has taken the position that purchased dealer options are illiquid securities. The Fund may treat the cover used for written dealer options as liquid if the dealer agrees that the Fund may repurchase the dealer option it has written for a maximum price to be calculated by a predetermined formula. In such cases, the dealer option would be considered illiquid only to the extent the maximum purchase price under the formula exceeds the intrinsic value of the option. Accordingly, the Fund will treat dealer options as subject to the Fund's limitation on illiquid securities. If the Commission changes its position on the liquidity of dealer options, the Fund will change its treatment of such instruments accordingly. Spread Transactions. The Fund may purchase covered spread options from securities dealers. These covered spread options are not presently exchange-listed or exchange-traded. The purchase of a spread option gives the Fund the right to put securities that it owns at a fixed dollar spread or fixed yield spread in relationship to another security that the Fund does not own, but which is used as a benchmark. The risk to the Fund, in addition to the risks of dealer options described above, is the cost of the premium paid as well as any transaction costs. The purchase of spread options will be used to protect the Fund against adverse changes in prevailing credit quality spreads, i.e., the yield spread between high quality and lower quality securities. This protection is provided only during the life of the spread options. Futures Contracts and Related Options The Fund may invest in futures contracts and options on futures contracts as a hedge against changes in market conditions or interest rates. The Fund will trade in such derivative securities for bona fide hedging purposes and otherwise in accordance with the rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC"). The Fund will segregate liquid assets in a separate account with its Custodian when required to do so by CFTC guidelines in order to cover its obligation in connection with futures and options transactions. No price is paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. When it enters into a domestic futures contract, the Fund will be required to deposit in a segregated account with its Custodian an amount of cash or U.S. Treasury bills equal to approximately 5% of the contract amount. This amount is known as initial margin. The margin requirements for foreign futures contracts may be different. The nature of initial margin in futures transactions is different from that of margin in securities transactions. Futures contract margin does not involve the borrowing of funds by the customer to finance the transactions. Rather, the initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the contract which is returned to the Fund upon termination of the futures contract, assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Subsequent payments (called variation margin) to and from the broker will be made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying stock index fluctuates, to reflect movements in the price of the contract making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable. For example, when the Fund has purchased a stock index futures contract and the price of the underlying stock index has risen, that position will have increased in value and the Fund will receive from the broker a variation margin payment equal to that increase in value. Conversely, when the Fund has purchased a stock index futures contract and the price of the underlying stock index has declined, the position will be less valuable and the Fund will be required to make a variation margin payment to the broker. At any time prior to expiration of a futures contract, the Fund may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position, which will operate to terminate the Fund's position in the futures contract A final determination of variation margin is made on closing the position. Additional cash is paid by or released to the Fund, which realizes a loss or a gain. In addition to amounts segregated or paid as initial and variation margin, the Fund must segregate liquid assets with its custodian equal to the market value of the futures contracts, in order to comply with Commission requirements intended to ensure that the Fund's use of futures is unleveraged. The requirements for margin payments and segregated accounts apply to both domestic and foreign futures contracts. Stock Index Futures Contracts. The Fund may invest in futures contracts on stock indices. Currently, stock index futures contracts can be purchased or sold with respect to, among others, the S&P 500 Stock Price Index on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, the Major Market Index on the Chicago Board of Trade, the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index on the New York Futures Exchange and the Value Line Stock Index on the Kansas City Board of Trade. Interest Rate or Financial Futures Contracts. The Fund may invest in interest rate or financial futures contracts. Bond prices are established in both the cash market and the futures market. In the cash market, bonds are purchased and sold with payment for the full purchase price of the bond being made in cash, generally within five business days after the trade. In the futures market, a contract is made to purchase or sell a bond in the future for a set price on a certain date. Historically, the prices for bonds established in the futures markets have generally tended to move in the aggregate in concert with cash market prices, and the prices have maintained fairly predictable relationships. The sale of an interest rate or financial futures contract by the Fund would create an obligation by the Fund, as seller, to deliver the specific type of financial instrument called for in the contract at a specific future time for a specified price. A futures contract purchased by the Fund would create an obligation by the Fund, as purchaser, to take delivery of the specific type of financial instrument at a specific future time at a specific price. The specific securities delivered or taken, respectively, at settlement date, would not be determined until at or near that date. The determination would be in accordance with the rules of the exchange on which the futures contract sale or purchase was made. Although interest rate or financial futures contracts by their terms call for actual delivery or acceptance of securities, in most cases the contracts are closed out before the settlement date without delivery of securities. Closing out of a futures contract sale is effected by the Fund's entering into a futures contract purchase for the same aggregate amount of the specific type of financial instrument and the same delivery date. If the price in the sale exceeds the price in the offsetting purchase, the Fund is paid the difference and thus realizes a gain. If the offsetting purchase price exceeds the sale price, the Fund pays the difference and realizes a loss. Similarly, the closing out of a futures contract purchase is effected by the Fund's entering into a futures contract sale. If the offsetting sale price exceeds the purchase price, the Fund realizes a gain, and if the purchase price exceeds the offsetting sale price, the Fund realizes a loss. The Fund will deal only in standardized contracts on recognized exchanges. Each exchange guarantees performance under contract provisions through a clearing corporation, a nonprofit organization managed by the exchange membership. Domestic interest rate futures contracts are traded in an auction environment on the floors of several exchanges - principally, the Chicago Board of Trade and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. A public market now exists in domestic futures contracts covering various financial instruments including long-term United States Treasury bonds and notes; GNMA modified pass-through mortgage-backed securities; three-month United States Treasury bills; and 90-day commercial paper. The Fund may trade in any futures contract for which there exists a public market, including, without limitation, the foregoing instruments. Risks of Transactions in Futures Contracts. There are several risks related to the use of futures as a hedging device. One risk arises because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the futures contract and movements in the price of the securities which are the subject of the hedge. The price of the future may move more or less than the price of the securities being hedged. If the price of the future moves less than the price of the securities which are the subject of the hedge, the hedge will not be fully effective, but if the price of the securities being hedged has moved in an unfavorable direction, the Fund would be in a better position than if it had not hedged at all. If the price of the securities being hedged has moved in a favorable direction, this advantage will be partially offset by the loss on the future. If the price of the future moves more than the price of the hedged securities, the Fund will experience either a loss or a gain on the future which will not be completely offset by movements in the price of the securities which are subject to the hedge. To compensate for the imperfect correlation of movements in the price of securities being hedged and movements in the price of the futures contract, the Fund may buy or sell futures contracts in a greater dollar amount than the dollar amount of securities being hedged if the historical volatility of the prices of such securities has been greater than the historical volatility over such time period of the future. Conversely, the Fund may buy or sell fewer futures contracts if the historical volatility of the price of the securities being hedged is less than the historical volatility of the futures contract being used. It is possible that, when the Fund has sold futures to hedge its portfolio against a decline in the market, the market may advance while the value of securities held in the Fund's portfolio may decline. If this occurs, the Fund will lose money on the future and also experience a decline in value in its portfolio securities. However, the Advisor believes that over time the value of a diversified portfolio will tend to move in the same direction as the market indices upon which the futures are based. Where futures are purchased to hedge against a possible increase in the price of securities before the Fund is able to invest its cash (or cash equivalents) in securities (or options) in an orderly fashion, it is possible that the market may decline instead. If the Fund then decides not to invest in securities or options at that time because of concern as to possible further market decline or for other reasons, it will realize a loss on the futures contract that is not offset by a reduction in the price of securities purchased. In addition to the possibility that there may be an imperfect correlation, or no correlation at all, between movements in the futures and the securities being hedged, the price of futures may not correlate perfectly with movement in the stock index or cash market due to certain market distortions. All participants in the futures market are subject to margin deposit and maintenance requirements. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through offsetting transactions, which could distort the normal relationship between the index or cash market and futures markets. In addition, the deposit requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market. Therefore, increased participation by speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary price distortions. As a result of price distortions in the futures market and the imperfect correlation between movements in the cash market and the price of securities and movements in the price of futures, a correct forecast of general trends by the Advisor may still not result in a successful hedging transaction over a very short time frame. Positions in futures may be closed out only on an exchange or board of trade which provides a secondary market for such futures. Although the Fund may intend to purchase or sell futures only on exchanges or boards of trade where there appears to be an active secondary market, there is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an exchange or board of trade will exist for any particular contract or at any particular time. In such event, it may not be possible to close a futures position, and in the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin. When futures contracts have been used to hedge portfolio securities, such securities will not be sold until the futures contract can be terminated. In such circumstances, an increase in the price of the securities, if any, may partially or completely offset losses on the futures contract. However, as described above, there is no guarantee that the price of the securities will in fact correlate with the price movements in the futures contract and thus provide an offset to losses on a futures contract. Most United States futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day's settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of futures contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses. Successful use of futures by the Fund is also subject to the Advisor's ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of the market. For example, if the Fund has hedged against the possibility of a decline in the market adversely affecting stocks held in its portfolio and stock prices increase instead, the Fund will lose part or all of the benefit of the increased value of the stocks which it has hedged because it will have offsetting losses in its futures positions. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin requirements. Such sales of securities may be, but will not necessarily be, at increased prices which reflect the rising market. The Fund may have to sell securities at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In the event of the bankruptcy of a broker through which the Fund engages in transactions in futures contracts or options, the Fund could experience delays and losses in liquidating open positions purchased or sold through the broker, and incur a loss of all or part of its margin deposits with the broker. Options on Futures Contracts. As described above, the Fund may purchase options on the futures contracts they can purchase or sell. A futures option gives the holder, in return for the premium paid, the right to buy (call) from or sell (put) to the writer of the option a futures contract at a specified price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise, the writer of the option is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the futures contract and the exercise price. Like the buyer or seller of a futures contract, the holder or writer of an option has the right to terminate its position prior to the scheduled expiration of the option by selling, or purchasing an option of the same series, at which time the person entering into the closing transaction will realize a gain or loss. There is no guarantee that such closing transactions can be effected. Investments in futures options involve some of the same considerations as investments in futures contracts (for example, the existence of a liquid secondary market). In addition, the purchase of an option also entails the risk that changes in the value of the underlying futures contract will not be fully reflected in the value of the option. Depending on the pricing of the option compared to either the futures contract upon which it is based, or upon the price of the securities being hedged, an option may or may not be less risky than ownership of the futures contract or such securities. In general, the market prices of options can be expected to be more volatile than the market prices on the underlying futures contracts. Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, however, the purchase of call or put options on futures contracts may frequently involve less potential risk to the Fund because the maximum amount at risk is limited to the premium paid for the options (plus transaction costs). Restrictions on the Use or Futures Contracts and Related Options. The Fund will not engage in transactions in futures contracts or related options for speculation, but only as a hedge against changes resulting from market conditions in the values of securities held in the Fund's portfolio or which it intends to purchase and where the transactions are economically appropriate to the reduction of risks inherent in the ongoing management of the Fund. The Fund may not purchase or sell futures or purchase related options if, immediately thereafter, more than 33% of its net assets would be hedged. The Fund also may not purchase or sell futures or purchase related options if immediately thereafter, the sum of the amount of margin deposits on the Fund's existing futures positions and premiums paid for such options would exceed 5% of the market value of the Fund's net assets. These restrictions, which are derived from current federal regulations regarding the use of options and futures by mutual funds, are not "fundamental restrictions" and may be changed by the Trustees of the Trust if applicable law permits such a change and the change is consistent with the overall investment objective and policies of the Fund. Repurchase Agreements The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with respect to its portfolio securities. Pursuant to such agreements, the Fund acquires securities from financial institutions such as banks and broker-dealers as are deemed to be creditworthy by the Advisor, subject to the seller's agreement to repurchase and the Fund's agreement to resell such securities at a mutually agreed upon date and price. The repurchase price generally equals the price paid by the Fund plus interest negotiated on the basis of current short-term rates (which may be more or less than the rate on the underlying portfolio security). Securities subject to repurchase agreements will be held by the Custodian or in the Federal Reserve/Treasury Book-Entry System or an equivalent foreign system. The seller under a repurchase agreement will be required to maintain the value of the underlying securities at not less than 102% of the repurchase price under the agreement. If the seller defaults on its repurchase obligation, the Fund will suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from a sale of the underlying securities are less than the repurchase price under the agreement. Bankruptcy or insolvency of such a defaulting seller may cause the Fund's rights with respect to such securities to be delayed or limited. Repurchase agreements are considered to be loans under the 1940 Act. When-Issued Securities, Forward Commitments and Delayed Settlements The Fund may purchase securities on a "when-issued," forward commitment or delayed settlement basis. In this event, the Custodian will set aside cash or liquid portfolio securities equal to the amount of the commitment in a separate account. Normally, the Custodian will set aside portfolio securities to satisfy a purchase commitment. In such a case, the Fund may be required subsequently to place additional assets in the separate account in order to assure that the value of the account remains equal to the amount of the Fund's commitment. It may be expected that the Fund's net assets will fluctuate to a greater degree when it sets aside portfolio securities to cover such purchase commitments than when it sets aside cash. B-7 The Fund does not intend to engage in these transactions for speculative purposes but only in furtherance of its investment objectives. Because the Fund will set aside cash or liquid portfolio securities to satisfy its purchase commitments in the manner described, the Fund's liquidity and the ability of the Advisor to manage it may be affected in the event the Fund's forward commitments, commitments to purchase when-issued securities and delayed settlements ever exceeded 15% of the value of its net assets. The Fund will purchase securities on a when-issued, forward commitment or delayed settlement basis only with the intention of completing the transaction. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, the Fund may dispose of or renegotiate a commitment after it is entered into, and may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. In these cases the Fund may realize a taxable capital gain or loss. When the Fund engages in when-issued, forward commitment and delayed settlement transactions, it relies on the other party to consummate the trade. Failure of such party to do so may result in the Fund's incurring a loss or missing an opportunity to obtain a price credited to be advantageous. The market value of the securities underlying a when-issued purchase, forward commitment to purchase securities, or a delayed settlement and any subsequent fluctuations in their market value is taken into account when determining the market value of the Fund starting on the day the Fund agrees to purchase the securities. The Fund does not earn interest on the securities it has committed to purchase until they are paid for and delivered on the settlement date. Illiquid Securities The Fund may not invest more than 15% of the value of its net assets in securities that at the time of purchase have legal or contractual restrictions on resale or are otherwise illiquid. The Advisor will monitor the amount of illiquid securities in the Fund's portfolio, under the supervision of the Trust's Board of Trustees, to ensure compliance with the Fund's investment restrictions. Historically, illiquid securities have included securities subject to contractual or legal restrictions on resale because they have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (the "Securities Act"), securities which are otherwise not readily marketable and repurchase agreements having a maturity of longer than seven days. Securities which have not been registered under the Securities Act are referred to as private placement or restricted securities and are purchased directly from the issuer or in the secondary market. Mutual funds do not typically hold a significant amount of these restricted or other illiquid securities because of the potential for delays on resale and uncertainty in valuation. Limitations on resale may have an adverse effect on the marketability of portfolio securities and the Fund might be unable to dispose of restricted or other illiquid securities promptly or at reasonable prices and might thereby experience difficulty satisfying redemption requests within seven days. The Fund might also have to register such restricted securities in order to dispose of them, resulting in additional expense and delay. Adverse market conditions could impede such a public offering of securities. In recent years, however, a large institutional market has developed for certain securities that are not registered under the Securities Act, including repurchase agreements, commercial paper, foreign securities, municipal securities and corporate bonds and notes. Institutional investors depend on an efficient institutional market in which the unregistered security can be readily resold or on an issuer's ability to honor a demand for repayment. The fact that there are contractual or legal restrictions on resale to the general public or to certain institutions may not be indicative of the liquidity of such investments. If such securities are subject to purchase by institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A promulgated by the Commission under the Securities Act, the Trust's Board of Trustees may determine that such securities are not illiquid securities notwithstanding their legal or contractual restrictions on resale. In all other cases, however, securities subject to restrictions on resale will be deemed illiquid. Risks of Investing in Small Companies The Fund may purchase securities of companies with market capitalization as low as $25 million. Additional risks of such investments include the markets on which such securities are frequently traded. In many instances the securities of smaller companies are traded only over-the-counter or on a regional securities exchange, and the frequency and volume of their trading is substantially less than is typical of larger companies. Therefore, the securities of smaller companies may be subject to greater and more abrupt price fluctuations. When making large sales, the B-8 Fund may have to sell portfolio holdings at discounts from quoted prices or may have to make a series of small sales over an extended period of time due to the trading volume of smaller company securities. Investors should be aware that, based on the foregoing factors, an investment in the Fund may be subject to greater price fluctuations than an investment in a fund that invests exclusively in larger, more established companies. The Advisor's research efforts may also play a greater role in selecting securities for the Fund than in a fund that invests in larger, more established companies. Investment Restrictions The Trust (on behalf of the Fund) has adopted the following restrictions as fundamental policies, which may not be changed without the favorable vote of the holders of a "majority," as defined in the 1940 Act, of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. Under the 1940 Act, the "vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities" means the vote of the holders of the lesser of (i) 67% of the shares of the Fund represented at a meeting at which the holders of more than 50% of its outstanding shares are represented or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. As a matter of fundamental policy, the Fund is diversified. The Fund's investment objective is also fundamental. In addition, the Fund may not: 1. Issue senior securities, borrow money or pledge its assets, except that (i) the Fund may borrow from banks in amounts not exceeding one-third of its total assets (not including the amount borrowed); and (ii) this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from engaging in options transactions or short sales; 2. Purchase securities on margin, except such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of transactions and except that the Fund may borrow money from banks to purchase securities; 3. Act as underwriter (except to the extent the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter in connection with the sale of securities in its investment portfolio); 4. Invest 25% or more of its total assets, calculated at the time of purchase and taken at market value, in any one industry (other than U.S. Government securities); 5. Purchase or sell real estate or interests in real estate (although the Fund may purchase and sell securities which are secured by real estate and securities of companies which invest or deal in real estate); 6. Purchase or sell commodities or commodity futures contracts, except that the Fund may purchase and sell futures contracts on securities indices and options and foreign currency contracts in accordance with any rules of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission; 7. Make loans of money (except for purchases of debt securities consistent with the investment policies of the Fund and except for repurchase agreements); or 8. Make investments for the purpose of exercising control or management. The Fund observes the following restrictions as a matter of operating but not fundamental policy, pursuant to positions taken by federal regulatory authorities: The Fund may not: 1. Invest in the securities of other investment companies or purchase any other investment company's voting securities or make any other investment in other investment companies except to the extent permitted by federal law; or 2. Invest more than 15% of its assets in securities which are restricted as to disposition or otherwise are illiquid or have no readily available market (except for securities which are determined by the Board of Trustees to be liquid). B-9 MANAGEMENT The overall management of the business and affairs of the Trust is vested with its Board of Trustees. The Board approves all significant agreements between the Trust and persons or companies furnishing services to it, including the agreements with the Advisor, Administrator, Custodian and Transfer Agent. The day to day operations of the Trust are delegated to its officers, subject to the Fund's investment objectives and policies and to general supervision by the Board of Trustees. The Trustees and officers of the Trust, their ages and positions with the Trust, their business addresses and principal occupations during the past five years are:
Name, address and age Position Principal Occupation During Past Five Years Walter E. Auch, Sr. (76) Trustee Director, Geotech Communications, Inc., Nicholas-Applegate 6001 N. 62d Place Investment Trust, Brinson Funds (since 1994), Smith Barney Trak Paradise Valley, AZ 85253 Fund, Pimco Advisors L.P., Banyan Realty Trust, Banyan Land Fund II and Legend Properties. Eric M. Banhazl (40)* Trustee, Senior Vice President, Investment Company Administration 2025 E. Financial Way President and Corporation; Vice President, First Fund Distributors; President, Glendora, CA 91740 Treasurer RNC Mutual Fund Group; Treasurer, Guiness Flight Investment Funds, Inc. and Professionally Managed Portfolios. Donald E. O'Connor (61) Trustee Retired; formerly Executive Vice President and Chief Operating 1700 Taylor Avenue Officer of ICI Mutual Insurance Company (until January, 1997), Vice Fort Washington MD, 20744 President, Operations, Investment Company Institute (until June, 1993). George T. Wofford III (58) Trustee Vice President, Information Services, Federal Home Loan Bank of 305 Glendora Circle San Francisco (since March, 1993); formerly Director of Management Danville, CA 94526 Information Services, Morrison & Foerster (law firm). Steven J. Paggioli (47) Vice Executive Vice President, Robert H. Wadsworth & Associates, Inc. 479 W. 22d Street President and Investment Company Administration Corporation; Vice President New York, NY 10011 First Fund Distributors, Inc.; President and Trustee, Professionally Managed Portfolios; Director, Managers Funds, Inc. Robert H. Wadsworth (58) Vice President, Robert H. Wadsworth & Associates, Inc., Investment 4455 E. Camelback Road President Company Administration Corporation and First Fund Distributors, Suite 261E Inc.; Vice President, Professionally Managed Portfolios; President, Phoenix, AZ 85018 Guinness Flight Investment Funds, Inc.; Director, Germany Fund, Inc., New Germany Fund, Inc., Central European Equity Fund, Inc. and Deutsche Funds, Inc. Chris O. Kissack (49) Secretary Employed by Investment Company Administration Corporation (since 4455 E. Camelback Road, 261E July, 1996); formerly employed by Bank One, N.A. (from August, 1995 Phoenix, AZ 85018 until July, 1996); O'Connor, Cavanagh, Anderson, Killingsworth and Beshears (law firm) (until August, 1995) .
* denotes Trustee who is an "interested person" of the Trust under the 1940 Act. Name and Position Aggregate Compensation from The Trust* - ----------------- -------------------------------------- Walter E. Auch, Sr., Trustee $12,000 Donald E. O'Connor, Trustee $12,000 George T. Wofford III, Trustee $12,000 B-10 *The Trust has no pension or retirement plan. No other entity affiliated with the Trust pays any compensation to the Trustees. The Advisor Subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees, investment management and related services are provided by the Advisor, pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement (the "Advisory Agreement"). Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor agrees to invest the assets of the Fund in accordance with the investment objectives, policies and restrictions of the Fund as set forth in the Fund's and Trust's governing documents, including, without limitation, the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust and By-Laws; the Fund's prospectus, statement of additional information, and undertakings; and such other limitations, policies and procedures as the Trustees of the Trust may impose from time to time in writing to the Advisor. In providing such services, the Advisor shall at all times adhere to the provisions and restrictions contained in the federal securities laws, applicable state securities laws, the Code, and other applicable law. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Advisor has agreed to (i) furnish the Fund with advice and recommendations with respect to the investment of the Fund's assets, (ii) effect the purchase and sale of portfolio securities; (iii) manage and oversee the investments of the Fund, subject to the ultimate supervision and direction of the Trust's Board of Trustees; (iv) vote proxies and take other actions with respect to the Fund's securities; (v) maintain the books and records required to be maintained with respect to the securities in the Fund's portfolio; (vi) furnish reports, statements and other data on securities, economic conditions and other matters related to the investment of the Fund's assets which the Trustees or the officers of the Trust may reasonably request; and (vi) render to the Trust's Board of Trustees such periodic and special reports as the Board may reasonably request. The Advisor has also agreed, at its own expense, to maintain such staff and employ or retain such personnel and consult with such other persons as it shall from time to time determine to be necessary to the performance of its obligations under the Advisory Agreement. Personnel of the Advisor may serve as officers of the Trust provided they do so without compensation from the Trust. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the staff and personnel of the Advisor shall be deemed to include persons employed or retained by the Advisor to furnish statistical information, research, and other factual information, advice regarding economic factors and trends, information with respect to technical and scientific developments, and such other information, advice and assistance as the Advisor or the Trust's Board of Trustees may desire and reasonably request. With respect to the operation of the Fund, the Advisor has agreed to be responsible for the expenses of printing and distributing extra copies of the Fund's prospectus, statement of additional information, and sales and advertising materials (but not the legal, auditing or accounting fees attendant thereto) to prospective investors (but not to existing shareholders); and the costs of any special Board of Trustees meetings or shareholder meetings convened for the primary benefit of the Advisor. As compensation for the Advisor's services, the Fund pays it an advisory fee at the rate specified in the prospectus. In addition to the fees payable to the Advisor and the Administrator, the Trust is responsible for its operating expenses, including: fees and expenses incurred in connection with the issuance, registration and transfer of its shares; brokerage and commission expenses; all expenses of transfer, receipt, safekeeping, servicing and accounting for the cash, securities and other property of the Trust for the benefit of the Fund including all fees and expenses of its custodian, shareholder services agent and accounting services agent; interest charges on any borrowings; costs and expenses of pricing and calculating its daily net asset value and of maintaining its books of account required under the 1940 Act; taxes, if any; a pro rata portion of expenditures in connection with meetings of the Fund's shareholders and the Trust's Board of Trustees that are properly payable by the Fund; salaries and expenses of officers and fees and expenses of members of the Trust's Board of Trustees or members of any advisory board or committee who are not members of, affiliated with or interested persons of the Advisor or Administrator; insurance premiums on property or personnel of the Fund which inure to its benefit, including liability and fidelity bond insurance; the cost of preparing and printing reports, proxy statements, prospectuses and statements of additional information of the Fund or other communications for distribution to existing shareholders; legal, auditing and accounting fees; trade association dues; fees and expenses (including legal fees) of registering and maintaining registration of its shares for sale under federal and applicable state and foreign securities laws; all expenses of maintaining and servicing shareholder accounts, including all charges for transfer, shareholder recordkeeping, dividend B-11 disbursing, redemption, and other agents for the benefit of the Fund, if any; and all other charges and costs of its operation plus any extraordinary and non-recurring expenses, except as otherwise prescribed in the Advisory Agreement. The Advisor may agree to waive certain of its fees or reimburse the Fund for certain expenses, in order to limit the expense ratio of the Fund. In that event, subject to approval by the Trust's Board of Trustees, the Fund may reimburse the Advisor in subsequent years for fees waived and expenses reimbursed, provided the expense ratio before reimbursement is less than the expense limitation in effect at that time. The Advisor is controlled by Craig O. Jolly. Under the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor will not be liable to the Trust or the Fund or any shareholder for any act or omission in the course of, or connected with, rendering services or for any loss sustained by the Trust except in the case of a breach of fiduciary duty with respect to the receipt of compensation for services (in which case any award of damages will be limited as provided in the 1940 Act) or of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence, or reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Agreement. The Advisory Agreement will remain in effect for a period not to exceed two years. Thereafter, if not terminated, the Advisory Agreement will continue automatically for successive annual periods, provided that such continuance is specifically approved at least annually (i) by a majority vote of the Independent Trustees cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval, and (ii) by the Board of Trustees or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The Advisory Agreement is terminable by vote of the Board of Trustees or by the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund at any time without penalty, on 60 days written notice to the Advisor. The Advisory Agreement also may be terminated by the Advisor on 60 days written notice to the Trust. The Advisory Agreement terminates automatically upon its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act). The Administrator. The Administrator has agreed to be responsible for providing such services as the Trustees may reasonably request, including but not limited to (i) maintaining the Trust's books and records (other than financial or accounting books and records maintained by any custodian, transfer agent or accounting services agent); (ii) overseeing the Trust's insurance relationships; (iii) preparing for the Trust (or assisting counsel and/or auditors in the preparation of) all required tax returns, proxy statements and reports to the Trust's shareholders and Trustees and reports to and other filings with the Commission and any other governmental agency (the Trust agreeing to supply or cause to be supplied to the Administrator all necessary financial and other information in connection with the foregoing); (iv) preparing such applications and reports as may be necessary to permit the offer and sale of the shares of the Trust under the securities or "blue sky" laws of the various states selected by the Trust (the Trust agreeing to pay all filing fees or other similar fees in connection therewith); (v) responding to all inquiries or other communications of shareholders, if any, which are directed to the Administrator, or if any such inquiry or communication is more properly to be responded to by the Trust's custodian, transfer agent or accounting services agent, overseeing their response thereto; (vi) overseeing all relationships between the Trust and any custodian(s), transfer agent(s) and accounting services agent(s), including the negotiation of agreements and the supervision of the performance of such agreements; and (vii) authorizing and directing any of the Administrator's directors, officers and employees who may be elected as Trustees or officers of the Trust to serve in the capacities in which they are elected. All services to be furnished by the Administrator under this Agreement may be furnished through the medium of any such directors, officers or employees of the Administrator. PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE The Advisory Agreement states that the Advisor shall be responsible for broker-dealer selection and for negotiation of brokerage commission rates, provided that the Advisor shall not direct orders to an affiliated person of the Advisor without general prior authorization to use such affiliated broker or dealer by the Trust's Board of Trustees. The Advisor's primary consideration in effecting a securities transaction will be execution at the most favorable price. In selecting a broker-dealer to execute each particular transaction, the Advisor may take the following into consideration: the best net price available; the reliability, integrity and financial condition of the broker-dealer; the size of and difficulty in executing the order; and the value of the expected contribution of the broker-dealer to B-12 the investment performance of the Fund on a continuing basis. The price to the Fund in any transaction may be less favorable than that available from another broker-dealer if the difference is reasonably justified by other aspects of the portfolio execution services offered. Subject to such policies as the Advisor and the Board of Trustees of the Trust may determine, the Advisor shall not be deemed to have acted unlawfully or to have breached any duty created by this Agreement or otherwise solely by reason of its having caused the Fund to pay a broker or dealer that provides (directly or indirectly) brokerage or research services to the Advisor an amount of commission for effecting a portfolio transaction in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting that transaction, if the Advisor determines in good faith that such amount of commission was reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided by such broker or dealer, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or the Advisor's overall responsibilities with respect to the Fund. The Advisor is further authorized to allocate the orders placed by it on behalf of the Fund to such brokers or dealers who also provide research or statistical material, or other services, to the Trust, the Advisor, or any affiliate of either. Such allocation shall be in such amounts and proportions as the Advisor shall determine, and the Advisor shall report on such allocations regularly to the Advisor and the Trust, indicating the broker-dealers to whom such allocations have been made and the basis therefor. The Advisor is also authorized to consider sales of shares of the Fund as a factor in the selection of brokers or dealers to execute portfolio transactions, subject to the requirements of best execution, i.e., that such brokers or dealers are able to execute the order promptly and at the best obtainable securities price. On occasions when the Advisor deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interest of the Fund as well as other clients of the Advisor, the Advisor, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may aggregate the securities to be so purchased or sold in order to obtain the most favorable price or lower brokerage commissions and the most efficient execution. In such event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Advisor in the manner it considers to be the most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and to such other clients. The Fund expects that all, or substantially all, of its portfolio brokerage transactions will be executed by Heritage West Securities, its Distributor, which is an affiliate of its Advisor. The Distributor has negotiated commission rates with the broker-dealer which clears its brokerage transactions for it and intends to pass these rates through to the Fund without any mark-up or other profit for the Distributor. NET ASSET VALUE The net asset value of the Fund's shares will fluctuate and is determined as of the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") (currently 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) each business day. The NYSE annually announces the days on which it will not be open for trading. The most recent announcement indicates that it will not be open on the following days: New Year's Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents' Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. However, the NYSE may close on days not included in that announcement. The net asset value per share is computed by dividing the value of the securities held by the Fund plus any cash or other assets (including interest and dividends accrued but not yet received) minus all liabilities (including accrued expenses) by the total number of shares in the Fund outstanding at such time. Generally, the Fund's investments are valued at market value or, in the absence of a market value, at fair value as determined in good faith by the Advisor and the Trust's Valuation Committee pursuant to procedures approved by or under the direction of the Board. The Fund's securities, including ADRs, which are traded on securities exchanges or on NASDAQ are valued at the last sale price on the exchange on which such securities are traded, as of the close of business on the day the securities are being valued or, lacking any reported sales, at the mean between the last available bid and asked price. Securities that are traded on more than one exchange are valued on the exchange determined by the Advisor to be the primary market. Securities traded in the over-the-counter market other than on NASDAQ are valued at the mean between the last available bid and asked price prior to the time of valuation. Securities and assets for which market quotations are not readily available (including restricted securities which are subject to limitations as to their sale) are valued at fair value as determined B-13 in good faith by or under the direction of the Board. Short-term debt obligations with remaining maturities in excess of 60 days are valued at current market prices, as discussed above. Short-term securities with 60 days or less remaining to maturity are, unless conditions indicate otherwise, amortized to maturity based on their cost to the Fund if acquired within 60 days of maturity or, if already held by the Fund on the 60th day, based on the value determined on the 61st day. An option that is written by the Fund is generally valued at the last sale price or, in the absence of the last sale price, the last offer price. An option that is purchased by the Fund is generally valued at the last sale price or, in the absence of the last sale price, the last bid price. If an options exchange closes after the time at which the Fund's net asset value is calculated, the last sale or last bid and asked prices as of that time will be used to calculate the net asset value. All other assets of the Fund are valued in such manner as the Board in good faith deems appropriate to reflect their fair value. TAXATION The Fund will be taxed, under the Code, as a separate entity from any other series of the Trust, and it intends to elect to qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company ("RIC") under Subchapter M of the Code. In each taxable year that the Fund so qualifies, the Fund (but not its shareholders) will be relieved of federal income tax on that part of its investment company taxable income (consisting generally of interest and dividend income, net short-term capital gains and net realized gains from currency transactions) and net capital gain that is distributed to shareholders. In order to qualify for treatment as a RIC, the Fund must distribute annually to shareholders at least 90% of its investment company taxable income and must meet several additional requirements. Among these requirements are, in general, the following: (1) at least 90% of the Fund's gross income each taxable year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans and gains from the sale or other disposition of securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in securities or currencies; (2) at the close of each quarter of the Fund's taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets must be represented by cash and cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, limited in respect of any one issuer, to an amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of the Fund's assets and that does not represent more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer; and (3) at the close of each quarter of the Fund's taxable year, not more than 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities (other than U.S. Government securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer. Distributions of net investment income and net realized capital gains by the Fund will be taxable to shareholders whether made in cash or reinvested in shares. In determining amounts of net realized capital gains to be distributed, any capital loss carryovers from prior years will be applied against capital gains. Shareholders receiving distributions in the form of additional shares will have a cost basis for federal income tax purposes in each share so received equal to the net asset value of a share of the Fund on the reinvestment date. Fund distributions also will be included in individual and corporate shareholders' income on which the alternative minimum tax may be imposed. The Fund intends to declare and pay dividends quarterly and other distributions annually, as stated in the Prospectus. In order to avoid the payment of any federal excise tax based on net income, the Fund must declare on or before December 31 of each year, and pay on or before January 31 of the following year, distributions at least equal to 98% of its ordinary income for that calendar year and at least 98% of the excess of any capital gains over any capital losses realized in the one-year period ending October 31 of that year, together with any undistributed amounts of ordinary income and capital gains (in excess of capital losses) from the previous calendar year. The Fund will receive dividend distributions from U.S. corporations. To the extent that the Fund receives such dividends and distributes them to its shareholders, and meets certain other requirements of the Code, corporate shareholders of the Fund may be entitled to the "dividends received" deduction. Availability of the deduction is subject to certain holding period and debt-financing limitations. B-14 The use of hedging strategies, such as purchasing options, involves complex rules that will determine the character and timing of recognition of the income received in connection therewith by the Fund. For accounting purposes, when the Fund purchases an option, the premium paid by the Fund is recorded as an asset and is subsequently adjusted to the current market value of the option. Any gain or loss realized by the Fund upon the expiration or sale of such options held by the Fund generally will be capital gain or loss. Any security, option, or other position entered into or held by the Fund that substantially diminishes the Fund's risk of loss from any other position held by that Fund may constitute a "straddle" for federal income tax purposes. In general, straddles are subject to certain rules that may affect the amount, character and timing of the Fund's gains and losses with respect to straddle positions by requiring, among other things, that the loss realized on disposition of one position of a straddle be deferred until gain is realized on disposition of the offsetting position; that the Fund's holding period in certain straddle positions not begin until the straddle is terminated (possibly resulting in the gain being treated as short-term capital gain rather than long-term capital gain); and that losses recognized with respect to certain straddle positions, which would otherwise constitute short-term capital losses, be treated as long-term capital losses. Different elections are available to the Fund that may mitigate the effects of the straddle rules. Certain options that are subject to Section 1256 of the Code ("Section 1256 Contracts") and that are held by the Fund at the end of its taxable year generally will be required to be "marked to market" for federal income tax purposes, that is, deemed to have been sold at market value. Sixty percent of any net gain or loss recognized on these deemed sales and 60% of any net gain or loss realized from any actual sales of Section 1256 Contracts will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss, and the balance will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. The Fund may be subject to foreign withholding taxes on dividends and interest earned with respect to securities of foreign corporations. Redemptions and exchanges of shares of the Fund will result in gains or losses for tax purposes to the extent of the difference between the proceeds and the shareholder's adjusted tax basis for the shares. Any loss realized upon the redemption or exchange of shares within six months from their date of purchase will be treated as a long-term capital loss to the extent of distributions of long-term capital gain dividends with respect to such shares during such six-month period. All or a portion of a loss realized upon the redemption of shares of the Fund may be disallowed to the extent shares of the Fund are purchased (including shares acquired by means of reinvested dividends) within 30 days before or after such redemption. Distributions and redemptions may be subject to state and local income taxes, and the treatment thereof may differ from the federal income tax treatment. Foreign taxes may apply to non-U.S. investors. The above discussion and the related discussion in the Prospectus are not intended to be complete discussions of all applicable federal tax consequences of an investment in the Fund. The law firm of Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker has expressed no opinion in respect thereof. Nonresident aliens and foreign persons are subject to different tax rules, and may be subject to withholding of up to 30% on certain payments received from the Fund. Shareholders are advised to consult with their own tax advisers concerning the application of foreign, federal, state and local taxes to an investment in the Fund. DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS Dividends from the Fund's investment company taxable income (whether paid in cash or invested in additional shares) will be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund's earnings and profits. Distributions of the Fund's net capital gain (whether paid in cash or invested in additional shares) will be taxable to shareholders as capital gain, regardless of how long they have held their Fund shares. Dividends declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any year and payable to shareholders of record on a date in one of such months will be deemed to have been paid by the Fund and received by the shareholders on the record date if the dividends are paid by the Fund during the following January. Accordingly, such dividends will be taxed to shareholders for the year in which the record date falls. The Fund or any securities dealer effecting a redemption of the Fund's shares by a shareholder will be B-15 required to file information reports with the IRS with respect to distributions and payments made to the shareholder. In addition, the Fund will be required to withhold federal income tax at the rate of 31% on taxable dividends, redemptions and other payments made to accounts of individual or other non-exempt shareholders who have not furnished their correct taxpayer identification numbers and made certain required certifications on the Account Application Form or with respect to which the Fund or the securities dealer has been notified by the IRS that the number furnished is incorrect or that the account is otherwise subject to withholding. Amounts withheld under these rules will be creditable against a shareholder's federal income tax liability. PERFORMANCE INFORMATION Total Return Average annual total return quotations used in the Fund's advertising and promotional materials are calculated according to the following formula: n P(1 + T) = ERV where "P" equals a hypothetical initial payment of $1000; "T" equals average annual total return; "n" equals the number of years; and "ERV" equals the ending redeemable value at the end of the period of a hypothetical $1000 payment made at the beginning of the period. Under the foregoing formula, the time periods used in advertising will be based on rolling calendar quarters, updated to the last day of the most recent quarter prior to submission of the advertising for publication. Average annual total return, or "T" in the above formula, is computed by finding the average annual compounded rates of return over the period that would equate the initial amount invested to the ending redeemable value. Average annual total return assumes the reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. Yield Annualized yield quotations used in the Fund's advertising and promotional materials are calculated by dividing the Fund's investment income for a specified thirty-day period, net of expenses, by the average number of shares outstanding during the period, and expressing the result as an annualized percentage (assuming semi-annual compounding) of the net asset value per share at the end of the period. Yield quotations are calculated according to the following formula: 6 YIELD = 2 [(a-b + 1) - 1] --- cd where "a" equals dividends and interest earned during the period; "b" equals expenses accrued for the period, net of reimbursements; "c" equals the average daily number of shares outstanding during the period that are entitled to receive dividends and "d" equals the maximum offering price per share on the last day of the period. Except as noted below, in determining net investment income earned during the period ("a" in the above formula), the Fund calculates interest earned on each debt obligation held by it during the period by (1) computing the obligation's yield to maturity, based on the market value of the obligation (including actual accrued interest) on the last business day of the period or, if the obligation was purchased during the period, the purchase price plus accrued interest; (2) dividing the yield to maturity by 360 and multiplying the resulting quotient by the market value of the obligation (including actual accrued interest). Once interest earned is calculated in this fashion for each debt obligation held by the Fund, net investment income is then determined by totaling all such interest earned. For purposes of these calculations, the maturity of an obligation with one or more call provisions is assumed to be the next date on which the obligation reasonably can be expected to be called or, if none, the maturity date. Other information Performance data of the Fund quoted in advertising and other promotional materials represents past performance and is not intended to predict or indicate future results. The return and principal value of an investment in the Fund will fluctuate, and an investor's redemption proceeds may be more or less than the original investment B-16 amount. In advertising and promotional materials the Fund may compare its performance with data published by Lipper Analytical Services, Inc. ("Lipper") or CDA Investment Technologies, Inc. ("CDA"). The Fund also may refer in such materials to mutual fund performance rankings and other data, such as comparative asset, expense and fee levels, published by Lipper or CDA. Advertising and promotional materials also may refer to discussions of the Fund and comparative mutual fund data and ratings reported in independent periodicals including, but not limited to, The Wall Street Journal, Money Magazine, Forbes, Business Week, Financial World and Barron's. GENERAL INFORMATION The Declaration of Trust permits the Trustees to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest and to divide or combine the shares into a greater or lesser number of shares without thereby changing the proportionate beneficial interest in the Fund. Each share represents an interest in the Fund proportionately equal to the interest of each other share. Upon the Fund's liquidation, all shareholders would share pro rata in the net assets of the Fund available for distribution to shareholders. The Declaration of Trust does not require the issuance of stock certificates. If stock certificates are issued, they must be returned by the registered owners prior to the transfer or redemption of shares represented by such certificates. If they deem it advisable and in the best interest of shareholders, the Board of Trustees may create additional series of shares which differ from each other only as to dividends. The Board of Trustees has created several series of shares, and may create additional series in the future, which have separate assets and liabilities. Income and operating expenses not specifically attributable to a particular Fund are be allocated fairly among the Funds by the Trustees, generally on the basis of the relative net assets of each Fund. Rule 18f-2 under the 1940 Act provides that as to any investment company which has two or more series outstanding and as to any matter required to be submitted to shareholder vote, such matter is not deemed to have been effectively acted upon unless approved by the holders of a "majority" (as defined in the Rule) of the voting securities of each series affected by the matter. Such separate voting requirements do not apply to the election of Trustees or the ratification of the selection of accountants. The Rule contains special provisions for cases in which an advisory contract is approved by one or more, but not all, series. A change in investment policy may go into effect as to one or more series whose holders so approve the change even though the required vote is not obtained as to the holders of other affected series. The Fund's custodian, Wheat First Securities is responsible for holding the Funds' assets. The Administrator acts as the Fund's accounting services agent. The Fund's independent accountants, , 555 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10017, assist in the preparation of certain reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Fund's tax returns. Shares of the Fund owned by the Trustees and officers as a group were less than 1% at February 28, 1998. APPENDIX Description of Ratings Moody's Investors Service, Inc. Ratings Preferred Stock A variation of Moody's bond rating symbols is used in the quality ranking of preferred stock. The symbols, presented below, are designed to avoid comparison with bond quality in absolute terms. It should always be borne in mind that preferred stock occupies a junior position to bonds within a particular capital structure and that these securities are rated within the universe of preferred stocks. "aaa" An issue which is rated "aaa" is considered to be a top-quality preferred stock. This rating indicates good asset protection and the least risk of dividend impairment within the universe of preferred stocks. B-17 "aa" An issue which is rated "aa" is considered a high-grade preferred stock. This rating indicates that there is a reasonable assurance the earnings and asset protection will remain relatively well maintained in the foreseeable future. "a" An issue which is rated "a" is considered to be an upper-medium grade preferred stock. While risks are judged to be somewhat greater then in the "aaa" and "aa" classification, earnings and asset protection are, nevertheless, expected to be maintained at adequate levels. "baa" An issue which is rated "baa" is considered to be a medium-grade preferred stock, neither highly protected nor poorly secured. Earnings and asset protection appear adequate at present but may be questionable over any great length of time. "ba" An issue which is rated "ba" is considered to have speculative elements and its future cannot be considered well assured. Earnings and asset protection may be very moderate and not well safeguarded during adverse periods. Uncertainty of position characterizes preferred stocks in this class. "b" An issue which is rated "b" generally lacks the characteristics of a desirable investment. Assurance of dividend payments and maintenance of other terms of the issue over any long period of time may be small. Note: Moody's applies numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 in each rating classification: the modifier 1 indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking and the modifier 3 indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category. Debt Ratings - Taxable Debt Aaa -- Bonds which are rated Aaa are judged to be of the best quality. They carry the smallest degree of investment risk and are generally referred to as "gilt edged." Interest payments are protected by a large or by an exceptionally stable margin and principal is secure. While the various protective elements are likely to change, such changes as can be visualized are most unlikely to impair the fundamentally strong position of such issues. Aa -- Bonds which are rated Aa are judged to be of high quality by all standards. Together with the Aaa group they comprise what are generally known as high-grade bonds. They are rated lower than the best bonds because margins of protection may not be as large as in Aaa securities or fluctuation of protective elements may be of greater amplitude or there may be other elements present which make the long-term risk appear somewhat larger than the Aaa securities. Moody's applies numerical modifiers "1", "2" and "3" to both the Aaa and Aa rating classifications. The modifier "1" indicates that the security ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier "2" indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier "3" indicates that the issue ranks in the lower end of its generic rating category. Short-Term Taxable Debt Moody's short-term debt ratings are opinions of the ability of issuers to repay punctually senior debt obligations. These obligations have an original maturity not exceeding one year, unless explicitly noted. Prime-1-- Issuers rated Prime-1 (or supporting institutions) have a superior ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. Prime-1 repayment ability will often be evidenced by many of the following characteristics: Leading market positions in well-established industries; High rates of return on funds employed; Conservative capitalization structure with moderate reliance on debt and ample asset protection; Broad margins in earnings coverage of fixed financial charges and high internal cash generation; Well-established access to a range of financial markets and assured sources of alternate liquidity. Prime-2 -- Issuers rated Prime-2 (or supporting institutions) have a strong ability for repayment of senior short-term debt obligations. This will normally be evidenced by many of the characteristics cited above but to a lesser degree. Earnings trends and coverage ratios, while sound, may be more subject to variation. Capitalization characteristics, while still appropriate, may be more affected by external conditions. Ample alternate liquidity is maintained. B-18 Standard & Poor's Corporation Ratings Preferred Stock A Standard & Poor's preferred stock rating is an assessment of the capacity and willingness of an issuer to pay preferred stock dividends and any applicable sinking fund obligations. A preferred stock rating differs from a bond rating inasmuch as it is assigned to an equity issue, which is intrinsically different from, and subordinated to, a debt issue. Therefore, to reflect this difference, the preferred stock rating symbol will normally not be higher than the debt rating symbol assigned to, or that would be assigned to, the senior debt of the same issuer. Preferred stock ratings are based on the following considerations: 1. Likelihood of payment-capacity and willingness of the issuer to meet the timely payment of preferred stock dividends and any applicable sinking fund requirements in accordance with the terms of the obligation; 2. Nature of, and provisions of, the issue; 3. Relative position of the issue in the event of bankruptcy, reorganization, or other arrangement under the laws of bankruptcy and other laws affecting creditors' rights. AAA - This is the highest rating that may be assigned by Standard & Poor's to a preferred stock issue and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay the preferred stock obligations. AA -- A preferred stock issue rated AA also qualifies as a high-quality, fixed-income security. The capacity to pay preferred stock obligations is very strong, although not as overwhelming as for issues rated AAA. A - An issue rated A is backed by a sound capacity to pay the preferred stock obligations, although it is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions. BBB - An issue rated BBB is regarded as backed by an adequate capacity to pay the preferred stock obligations. Whereas it normally exhibits adequate protection parameters, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity to make payments for a preferred stock in this category than for issues in the A category. BB, B, CCC - Preferred stock rated BB, B, and CCC are regarded, on balance, as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer's capacity to pay preferred stock obligations. BB indicates the lowest degree of speculation and CCC the highest. While such issues will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these are outweighed by large uncertainties or major risk exposures to adverse conditions. To provide more detailed indications of preferred stock quality, ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus or minus sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories. Long Term Debt AAA--This is the highest rating assigned by Standard & Poor's to a debt obligation and indicates an extremely strong capacity to pay principal and interest. AA--Bonds rated AA also qualify as high-quality debt obligations. Capacity to pay principal and interest is very strong, and in the majority of instances they differ from AAA issues only in small degree. Commercial Paper Ratings A Standard & Poor's commercial paper rating is a current assessment of the likelihood of timely payment. Ratings are graded into four categories, ranging from "A" for the highest quality obligations to "D" for the lowest. Issues assigned the highest rating, A, are regarded as having the greatest capacity for timely payment. Issues in this category are delineated with the numbers "1", "2" and "3" to indicate the relative degree of safety. The designation A-1 indicates that the degree of safety regarding timely payment is either overwhelming or very strong. A "+" designation is applied to those issues rated "A-1" which possess extremely strong safety characteristics. B-19 Capacity for timely payment on issues with the designation "A-2" is strong. However, the relative degree of safety is not as high as for issues designated A-1. B-20 PART C OTHER INFORMATION Item 24. Financial Statements and Exhibits. (a) Financial Statements: (b) Exhibits: (1) Agreement and Declaration of Trust (1) (2) By-Laws (1) (3) Not applicable (4) Specimen stock certificates (3) (5) Form of Investment Advisory Agreement (2) (6) Distribution Agreement (2) (7) Not applicable (8) Custodian Agreement (3) (9) (1) Administration Agreement with Investment Company Administration Corporation (2) (2) Fund Accounting Service Agreement (2) (3) Transfer Agency and Service Agreement (2) (10) (i) Opinion and consent of counsel relating to the Al Frank Fund, American Trust Allegance Fund, Avatar Advantage Balanced Fund, Avatar Advantage Equity Allocation Fund, Avatar Advantage International Equity Fund, Chase Growth Fund, Edgar Lomax Fund, InformationTech 100 Fund, Kaminski Poland Fund, Ridgeway Helms Millenium Fund, Rockhaven Fund (ii) Opinion and consent of counsel relating to the Van Deventer & Hoch American Value Fund (11) Consent of Independent Auditors (3) (12) Not applicable (13) Investment letters (3) (14) Individual Retirement Account forms (6) (15) (i) Distribution Plan (4) (ii) Form of Distribution Plan (5) (16) Not applicable C-1 (1) Previously filed with the Registration Statement on Form N-1A(File No. 33-17391) on December 6, 1996 and incorporated herein by reference. (2) Previously filed with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A(File No. 33-17391) on January 29, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference. (3) Previously filed with Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A(File No. 33-17391) on February 28, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference. (4) Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A(File No. 33-17391) on May 1, 1997 and incorporated herein by reference. (5) Previously filed with Post-Effective Amendment No. 19 to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A (File No. 33-17391) on February 19, 1998 and incorporated herein by reference. (6) To be filed by amendment. Item 25. Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with Registrant. None. Item 26. Number of Holders of Securities. Shares of Beneficial Interest Number of record holders as of March 17, 1998 American Trust Allegiance Fund: 296 InformationTech 100 Fund: 26 Kaminski Poland Fund: 342 Ridgeway-Helms Millennium Fund: 111 Rockhaven Fund: 45 Rockhaven Premier Dividend Fund: 23 C-2 Chase Growth Fund: 69 The Avatar Advantage Equity Allocation Fund: 3 Edgar Lomax Value Fund: 40 Al Frank Asset Management Fund: 218 The Avatar Advantage Balanced Fund: 1 Item 27. Indemnification. Article VI of Registrant's By-Laws states as follows: Section 1. AGENTS, PROCEEDINGS AND EXPENSES. For the purpose of this Article, "agent" means any person who is or was a Trustee, officer, employee or other agent of this Trust or is or was serving at the request of this Trust as a Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of another foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or was a Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent of a foreign or domestic corporation which was a predecessor of another enterprise at the request of such predecessor entity; "proceeding" means any threatened, pending or completed action or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative; and "expenses" includes without limitation attorney's fees and any expenses of establishing a right to indemnification under this Article. Section 2. ACTIONS OTHER THAN BY TRUST. This Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding (other than an action by or in the right of this Trust) by reason of the fact that such person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses, judgments, fines, settlements and other amounts actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such proceeding, if it is determined that person acted in good faith and reasonably believed: (a) in the case of conduct in his official capacity as a Trustee of the Trust, that his conduct was in the Trust's best interests, and (b) in all other cases, that his conduct was at least not opposed to the Trust's best interests, and (c) in the case of a criminal proceeding, that he had no reasonable cause to believe the conduct of that person was unlawful. The termination of any proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent shall not of itself create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which the person reasonably believed to be in the best interests of this Trust or that the person had reasonable cause to believe that the person's conduct was unlawful. Section 3. ACTIONS BY THE TRUST. This Trust shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action by or in the right of this Trust to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that that person is or was an agent of this Trust, against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by that person in connection with the defense or settlement of that action if that person acted in good faith, in a manner that person believed to be in the best C-3 interests of this Trust and with such care, including reasonable inquiry, as an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. Section 4. EXCLUSION OF INDEMNIFICATION. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained herein, there shall be no right to indemnification for any liability arising by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or the reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the agent's office with this Trust. No indemnification shall be made under Sections 2 or 3 of this Article: (a) In respect of any claim, issue, or matter as to which that person shall have been adjudged to be liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received by him, whether or not the benefit resulted from an action taken in the person's official capacity; or (b) In respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which that person shall have been adjudged to be liable in the performance of that person's duty to this Trust, unless and only to the extent that the court in which that action was brought shall determine upon application that in view of all the circumstances of the case, that person was not liable by reason of the disabling conduct set forth in the preceding paragraph and is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for the expenses which the court shall determine; or (c) of amounts paid in settling or otherwise disposing of a threatened or pending action, with or without court approval, or of expenses incurred in defending a threatened or pending action which is settled or otherwise disposed of without court approval, unless the required approval set forth in Section 6 of this Article is obtained. Section 5. SUCCESSFUL DEFENSE BY AGENT. To the extent that an agent of this Trust has been successful on the merits in defense of any proceeding referred to in Sections 2 or 3 of this Article or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, before the court or other body before whom the proceeding was brought, the agent shall be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the agent in connection therewith, provided that the Board of Trustees, including a majority who are disinterested, non-party Trustees, also determines that based upon a review of the facts, the agent was not liable by reason of the disabling conduct referred to in Section 4 of this Article. Section 6. REQUIRED APPROVAL. Except as provided in Section 5 of this Article, any indemnification under this Article shall be made by this Trust only if authorized in the specific case on a determination that indemnification of the agent is proper in the circumstances because the agent has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 2 or 3 of this Article and is not prohibited from indemnification because of the disabling conduct set forth in Section 4 of this Article, by: (a) A majority vote of a quorum consisting of Trustees who are not parties to the proceeding and are not interested persons of the Trust (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940); or C-4 (b) A written opinion by an independent legal counsel. Section 7. ADVANCE OF EXPENSES. Expenses incurred in defending any proceeding may be advanced by this Trust before the final disposition of the proceeding upon a written undertaking by or on behalf of the agent, to repay the amount of the advance if it is ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to indemnification, together with at least one of the following as a condition to the advance: (i)security for the undertaking; or (ii) the existence of insurance protecting the Trust against losses arising by reason of any lawful advances; or (iii) a determination by a majority of a quorum of Trustees who are not parties to the proceeding and are not interested persons of the Trust, or by an independent legal counsel in a written opinion, based on a review of readily available facts that there is reason to believe that the agent ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification. Determinations and authorizations of payments under this Section must be made in the manner specified in Section 6 of this Article for determining that the indemnification is permissible. Section 8. OTHER CONTRACTUAL RIGHTS. Nothing contained in this Article shall affect any right to indemnification to which persons other than Trustees and officers of this Trust or any subsidiary hereof may be entitled by contract or otherwise. Section 9. LIMITATIONS. No indemnification or advance shall be made under this Article, except as provided in Sections 5 or 6 in any circumstances where it appears: (a) that it would be inconsistent with a provision of the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust, a resolution of the shareholders, or an agreement in effect at the time of accrual of the alleged cause of action asserted in the proceeding in which the expenses were incurred or other amounts were paid which prohibits or otherwise limits indemnification; or (b) that it would be inconsistent with any condition expressly imposed by a court in approving a settlement. Section 10. INSURANCE. Upon and in the event of a determination by the Board of Trustees of this Trust to purchase such insurance, this Trust shall purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any agent of this Trust against any liability asserted against or incurred by the agent in such capacity or arising out of the agent's status as such, but only to the extent that this Trust would have the power to indemnify the agent against that liability under the provisions of this Article and the Agreement and Declaration of Trust of the Trust. Section 11. FIDUCIARIES OF EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN. This Article does not apply to any proceeding against any Trustee, investment manager or other fiduciary of an employee benefit plan in that person's capacity as such, even though that person may also be an agent of this Trust as defined in Section 1 of this Article. Nothing contained in this Article shall limit any right to indemnification to which such a Trustee, investment manager, or other fiduciary may be entitled by contract or otherwise which shall be enforceable to the extent permitted by applicable law other than this Article. C-5 Item 28. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser. The information required by this item with respect to American Trust Company is as follows: American Trust Company is a trust company chartered under the laws of the State of New Hampshire. Its President and Director, Paul H. Collins, is a director of: MacKenzie-Childs, Ltd. 3260 State Road 90 Aurora, New York 13026 Great Northern Arts Castle Music, Inc. World Family Foundation all with an address at Gordon Road, Middletown, New York Robert E. Moses, a Director of American Trust Company, is a director of: Mascoma Mutual Hold Corp. On The Green Lebanon, NH 03766 Information required by this item is contained in the Form ADV of the following entities and is incorporated herein by reference: Name of investment adviser File No. -------------------------- -------- Bay Isle Financial Corporation 801-27563 Kaminski Asset Management, Inc. 801-53485 Ridgeway Helms Investment Management 801-49884 Rockhaven Asset Management, LLC 801-54084 Chase Investment Counsel Corp. 801-3396 Avatar Investors Associates Corp. 801-7061 The Edgar Lomax Company 801-19358 Van Deventer & Hoch 801-6118 Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. 801-30528 Heritage West Advisors, LLC 801-55233 Item 29. Principal Underwriters. (a) The Registrant's principal underwriter also acts as principal underwriter for the following investment companies: Guinness Flight Investment Funds, Inc. Fleming Capital Mutual Fund Group Fremont Mutual Funds Jurika & Voyles Mutual Funds Kayne Anderson Mutual Funds Masters' Select Investment Trust O'Shaughnessy Funds, Inc. PIC Investment Trust Purisma Fund Professionally Managed Portfolios Rainier Investment Management Mutual Funds RNC Mutual Fund Group C-6 (b) The following information is furnished with respect to the officers and directors of First Fund Distributors, Inc.:
Position and Offices Position and Name and Principal with Principal Offices with Business Address Underwriter Registrant - ------------------ -------------------- ------------ Robert H. Wadsworth President Vice 4455 E. Camelback Road and Treasurer President Suite 261E Phoenix, AZ 85018 Eric M. Banhazl Vice President President, 2025 E. Financial Way Treasurer Glendora, CA 91741 and Trustee Steven J. Paggioli Vice President & Vice 479 West 22nd Street Secretary President New York, New York 10011
(c) Not applicable. Item 30. Location of Accounts and Records. The accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Registrant pursuant to Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules promulgated thereunder are in the possession of the following persons: (a) the documents required to be maintained by paragraph (4) of Rule 31a-1(b) will be maintained by the Registrant; (b) the documents required to be maintained by paragraphs (5), (6), (10) and (11) of Rule 31a-1(b) will be maintained by the respective investment advisors: American Trust Company, One Court Street, Lebanon, NH 03766 Bay Isle Financial Corporation, 160 Sansome Street, San Francisco, CA 94104 Kaminski Asset Management, Inc., 210 Second Street, North, #050, Minneapolis, MN 55401 Ridgeway Helms Investment Management, 303 Twin Dolphin Drive, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 Rockhaven Asset Management, 100 First Avenue, Suite 1050, Pittsburgh, PA 15222 Chase Investment Counsel Corp., 300 Preston Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22902 C-7 Avatar Associates Investment Corp., 900 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10022 The Edgar Lomax Company, 6564 Loisdale Court, Springfield, VA 22150 Van Deventer & Hoch, 800 North Bend Boulevard, Glendale, CA 91203 Al Frank Asset Management, Inc. 465 Forest Avenue, Laguna Beach, CA 92651 Heritage West Advisors, LLC, 1850 North Central Ave., Suite 610, Phoenix, AZ 85004 (c) with respect to The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund series of the Registant, all other records will be maintained by the Registrant; and (d) all other documents will be maintained by Registrant's custodian, Star Bank, 425 Walnut Street, Cincinnati, OH 45202. Item 31. Management Services. Not applicable. Item 32. Undertakings. Registrant hereby undertakes to: (a) Furnish each person to whom a Prospectus is delivered a copy of the applicable latest annual report to shareholders, upon request and without charge. (b) If requested to do so by the holders of at least 10% of the Trust's outstanding shares, call a meeting of shareholders for the purposes of voting upon the question of removal of a director and assist in communications with other shareholders. (c) On behalf of each of its series, to change any disclosure of past performance of an Advisor to a series to conform to changes in the position of the staff of the Commission with respect to such presentation. (d) File a post-effective amendment for The Heritage West Dividend Capture Income Fund series, using financial statements which may not be certified, within four to six months of the effective date of this Registration Statement as such requirement is interpreted by the staff of the Commission. C-8 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Advisors Series Trust to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of Phoenix and State of Arizona on the 17th day of March, 1998. ADVISORS SERIES TRUST By /s/ Eric M. Banhazl* -------------------- Eric M. Banhazl President This Amendment to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Advisors Series Trust has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated on March 17, 1998. /s/ Eric M. Banhazl* President, Principal Financial - -------------------------------- and Accounting Officer, and Trustee Eric M. Banhazl /s/ Walter E. Auch Sr.* Trustee - -------------------------------- Walter E. Auch, Sr. /s/ Donald E. O'Connor* Trustee - -------------------------------- Donald E. O'Connor /s/ George T. Wofford III* Trustee - -------------------------------- George T. Wofford III * /s/ Robert H. Wadsworth ------------------------------ By: Robert H. Wadsworth Attorney in Fact EX-10.I 2 OPINION OF PAUL, HASTINGS, JANOFSKY & WALKER LLP Law Offices of PAUL, HASTINGS, JANOFSKY & WALKER LLP 345 California Street San Francisco, California 94104-2635 Telephone (415) 835-1600 Facsimile (415) 217-5333 Internet www.phjw.com March 11, 1998 (415) 835-1636 27361.84176 onbillawala@phjw.com Advisors Series Trust 2025 East Financial Way, Suite 101 Glendora, CA 91741 Re: Al Frank Fund American Trust Allegience Fund Avatar Advantage Balanced Fund Avatar Advantage Equity Allocation Fund Avatar Advantage International Equity Fund Chase Growth Fund Edgar Lomax Fund InformationTech 100 Fund Kaminski Poland Fund Ridgeway Helms Millenium Fund Rockhaven Fund Ladies and Gentlemen: We have acted as counsel to Advisors Series Trust, a Delaware business trust (the "Trust"), in connection with Post-Effective Amendments to the Trust's Registration Statement filed on Form N-1A with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Post-Effective Amendments") and relating to the issuance by the Trust of an indefinite number of $0.01 par value shares of beneficial interest (the "Shares") of eleven series of the Trust: Al Frank Fund, American Trust Allegience Fund, Avatar Advantage Balanced Fund, Avatar Advantage Equity Allocation Fund, Avatar Advantage International Equity Fund, Chase Growth Fund, Edgar Lomax Fund, InformationTech 100 Fund, Kaminski Poland Fund, Ridgeway Helms Millenium Fund, and Rockhaven Fund (each a "Fund," together the "Funds"). 1 In connection with this opinion, we have assumed the authenticity of all records, documents and instruments submitted to us as originals, the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons and the conformity to the originals of all records, documents and instruments submitted to us as copies. We have based our opinion upon our review of the following records, documents and instruments: (a) the Trust's Certificate of Trust as filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware on October 3, 1996, certified to us as in effect on the date hereof; (b) the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated October 3, 1996 (the "Trust Instrument"), certified to us by an officer of the Trust as being true and complete and in effect on the date hereof; (c) the Bylaws of the Trust certified to us by an officer of the Trust as being true and complete and in effect on the date hereof; (d) resolutions of the Trustees of the Trust adopted at meetings: on February 28, 1997, for American Trust Allegiance Fund and InformationTech 100 Fund; on June 6, 1997, for Kaminski Poland Fund and Ridgeway Helms Millenium Fund; on September 5, 1997, for Avatar Advantage Equity Allocation Fund, Chase Growth Fund, Edgar Lomax Fund and Rockhaven Fund; and on December 5, 1997, for Al Frank Fund, Avatar Advantage Balanced Fund and Avatar Advantage International Equity Fund authorizing the establishment of each of the Funds and the issuance of its respective Shares. (e) the Post-Effective Amendments; and (f) a certificate of an officer of the Trust concerning certain factual matters relevant to this opinion. In rendering our opinion below, we have not conducted an independent examination of the books and records of the Trust for the purpose of determining whether all of the Shares were fully paid prior to their issuance and do not believe it to be our obligation to do so. Our opinion below is limited to the federal law of the United States of America and the business trust law of the State of Delaware. We are not licensed to practice law in the State of Delaware, and we have based our opinion below solely on our review of Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code (the "Delaware Business Trust Act") and the case law interpreting such Chapter as reported in Delaware Laws Annotated (CSC The United States Corporation Company, April 1997) as updated on Lexis on March 6, 1998. We have not undertaken a review of other Delaware law or of any administrative or court decisions in connection with rendering this opinion. We disclaim any opinion as to any 2 law other than that of the United States of America and the business trust law of the State of Delaware as described above, and we disclaim any opinion as to any statute, rule, regulation, ordinance, order or other promulgation of any regional or local governmental authority. Based on the foregoing and our examination of such questions of law as we have deemed necessary and appropriate for the purpose of this opinion, and assuming that (i) all of the Shares will be issued and sold for cash at the per-share public offering price on the date of their issuance in accordance with statements in the Trust's Prospectus included in the Post-Effective Amendments and in accordance with the Trust Instrument, (ii) all consideration for the Shares will be actually received by the Trust, (iii) all applicable securities laws will be complied with, and (iv) statements in the Post-Effective Amendments indicating par values of $0.001 or no par for the Shares, rather than the Agreement and Declaration of Trust's indicated par value of $0.01 per Share, do not affect the validity of this opinion, then it is our opinion that, when issued and sold by the Trust, the Shares will be legally issued, fully paid and nonassessable. This opinion is rendered to you in connection with the Post-Effective Amendments and is solely for your benefit. This opinion may not be relied upon by you for any other purpose or relied upon by any other person, firm, corporation or other entity for any purpose, without our prior written consent. We disclaim any obligation to advise you of any developments in areas covered by this opinion that occur after the date of this opinion. Sincerely yours, /s/ Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP PAUL, HASTINGS, JANOFSKY & WALKER 3 EX-10.II 3 OPINION OF PAUL, HASTINGS, JANOFSKY & WALKER LLP Law Offices of PAUL, HASTINGS, JANOFSKY & WALKER LLP 345 California Street San Francisco, California 94104-2635 Telephone (415) 835-1600 Facsimile (415) 217-5333 Internet www.phjw.com March 11, 1998 (415) 835-1636 27361.84176 onbillawala@phjw.com Advisors Series Trust 2025 East Financial Way, Suite 101 Glendora, CA 91741 Re: Van Deventer & Hoch American Value Fund opinion Ladies and Gentlemen: We have acted as counsel to Advisors Series Trust, a Delaware business trust (the "Trust"), in connection with a Post-Effective Amendment to the Trust's Registration Statement filed on Form N-1A with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Post-Effective Amendment") and the Registration Statement filed on Form N-14 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Proxy Statement/Prospectus") and relating to the issuance by the Trust of an indefinite number of $0.01 par value shares of beneficial interest (the "Shares") of one series of the Trust: Van Deventer & Hoch American Value Fund (the "Fund"). In connection with this opinion, we have assumed the authenticity of all records, documents and instruments submitted to us as originals, the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of natural persons and the conformity to the originals of all records, documents and instruments submitted to us as copies. We have based our opinion upon our review of the following records, documents and instruments: (a) the Trust's Certificate of Trust as filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware on October 3, 1996, certified to us as in effect on the date hereof; 1 (b) the Trust's Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated October 3, 1996 (the "Trust Instrument"), certified to us by an officer of the Trust as being true and complete and in effect on the date hereof; (c) the Bylaws of the Trust certified to us by an officer of the Trust as being true and complete and in effect on the date hereof; (d) resolutions of the Trustees of the Trust adopted at a meeting on December 5, 1997, authorizing the establishment of the Fund and the issuance of the Shares; (e) the Post-Effective Amendment; (f) the Proxy Statement/Prospectus; and (g) a certificate of an officer of the Trust concerning certain factual matters relevant to this opinion. In rendering our opinion below, we have not conducted an independent examination of the books and records of the Trust for the purpose of determining whether all of the Shares were fully paid prior to their issuance and do not believe it to be our obligation to do so. Our opinion below is limited to the federal law of the United States of America and the business trust law of the State of Delaware. We are not licensed to practice law in the State of Delaware, and we have based our opinion below solely on our review of Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code (the "Delaware Business Trust Act") and the case law interpreting such Chapter as reported in Delaware Laws Annotated (CSC The United States Corporation Company, April 1997) as updated on Lexis on March 6, 1998. We have not undertaken a review of other Delaware law or of any administrative or court decisions in connection with rendering this opinion. We disclaim any opinion as to any law other than that of the United States of America and the business trust law of the State of Delaware as described above, and we disclaim any opinion as to any statute, rule, regulation, ordinance, order or other promulgation of any regional or local governmental authority. Based on the foregoing and our examination of such questions of law as we have deemed necessary and appropriate for the purpose of this opinion, and assuming that (i) all of the Shares will be issued and sold for cash at the per-share public offering price on the date of their issuance in accordance with statements in the Trust's Prospectus included in the Post-Effective Amendment and in accordance with the Trust Instrument, (ii) all consideration for the Shares will be actually received by the Trust, and (iii) all applicable securities laws will be complied with, then it is our opinion that, when issued and sold by the Trust, the Shares will be legally issued, fully paid and nonassessable. 2 This opinion is rendered to you in connection with the Post-Effective Amendment and the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and is solely for your benefit. This opinion may not be relied upon by you for any other purpose or relied upon by any other person, firm, corporation or other entity for any purpose, without our prior written consent. We disclaim any obligation to advise you of any developments in areas covered by this opinion that occur after the date of this opinion. Sincerely yours, /s/ Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker LLP PAUL, HASTINGS, JANOFSKY & WALKER 3 -----END PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE-----