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Share-Based Compensation
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
Share-Based Compensation
Share-Based Compensation
Stockholder Approved Equity Compensation Plans
As of March 31, 2012, we had one share-based incentive compensation plan, the Kilroy Realty 2006 Incentive Award Plan as amended (the “2006 Plan”). As of March 31, 2012, 703,177 shares were available for grant under the 2006 Plan. The number of shares that remains available for grant is calculated using the weighted share counting provisions set forth in the 2006 Plan, which are based on the type of awards that are granted. The maximum number of shares available for grant subject to full value awards (which generally include equity awards other than options and stock appreciation rights) was 240,814 shares as of March 31, 2012.
On March 30, 2012, the Executive Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors granted 206,477 restricted stock units ("RSU") to the Company's Chief Executive Officer. Fifty-percent of the RSUs granted will vest ratably over a seven-year period, subject to continued employment through the applicable vesting date. The grant date fair value of these time-based RSUs was $4.8 million, which was based on the $46.61 closing share price of the Company's common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the grant date. Compensation expense will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the service vesting period for these time-based RSUs. The remaining fifty-percent of the RSUs granted will vest ratably over a seven-year period, subject to the achievement of certain absolute and relative total shareholder return goals measured annually and, in the case of the absolute goals, cumulatively over the performance period, as well as continued employment through the applicable vesting date. The grant date fair value of these market measure-based RSUs was $4.3 million and was calculated using a Monte Carlo simulation pricing model based on the assumptions in the table below. The grant date fair value is allocated among each of the seven annual vesting tranches for these market measure-based RSUs and compensation expense will be recognized over the service vesting period using the accelerated expense attribution method.
 
March 2012 Market Measure-based RSU Grant
 
Grant date fair value per share
$41.20
 
Expected share price volatility
31.00%
 
Risk-free interest rate
1.60%
 
Dividend yield
3.80%
 
Expected life
7 years
 

The computation of expected volatility is based on a blend of the historical volatility of our common shares over 14 years as that is expected to be most consistent with future volatility and equates to a time period twice as long as the seven-year term of the RSUs and implied volatility data based on the observed pricing of six-month publicly traded options on our common shares. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield curve on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury STRIP securities in effect at the grant date. The expected dividend yield is estimated by examining the average of the historical dividend yield levels over the seven-year term of the RSUs and our current annualized dividend yield as of the grant date. The expected life of the RSUs is equal to the seven-year vesting period.
Summary of Time-Based RSUs
A summary of our time-based RSU activity from January 1, 2012 through March 31, 2012 is presented below:
 
Nonvested RSUs
 
Vested RSUs
 
Total RSUs
 
Amount
 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date  Fair Value Per Share
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2012
147,961

 
$
32.18

 
694,714

 
842,675

Granted (1)
196,033

 
44.29

 

 
196,033

Vested
(48,864
)
 
36.20

 
48,864

 

Issuance of dividend equivalents (2)
 
 
 
 
7,552

 
7,552

Canceled (3)
 
 
 
 
(4,181
)
 
(4,181
)
Outstanding as of March 31, 2012
295,130

 
$
39.56

 
746,949

 
1,042,079

________________________
(1)
Includes 103,239 RSUs issued to the Company's Chief Executive Officer, as described above.
(2)
RSUs issued as dividend equivalents are vested upon issuance.
(3)
We accept the return of RSUs, at the current quoted closing share price of the Company's common stock, to satisfy minimum statutory tax-withholding requirements related to either RSUs that have vested or RSU dividend equivalents in accordance with the terms of the 2006 Plan.
A summary of our time-based RSU activity for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 is presented below:
 
RSUs Granted
 
RSUs Vested
Three Months Ended March 31,
Non-Vested RSUs Issued
 
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
 
Vested RSUs
 
Total Vest-Date Fair Value (1)            (in thousands)
2012
196,033

 
$
44.29

 
(48,864
)
 
$
1,961

2011
97,597

 
37.76

 
(10,079
)
 
382

_______________________
(1)
Total fair value of RSUs vested was calculated based on the quoted closing share price of the Company's common stock on the NYSE on the day of vesting.
Summary of Nonvested Shares
A summary of our nonvested shares activity from January 1, 2012 through March 31, 2012 is presented below:
Nonvested Shares
Shares
 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value Per Share
Outstanding at January 1, 2012
83,966

 
$
39.83

Granted
59,938

 
41.71

Vested (1)
(33,104
)
 
37.76

Outstanding as of March 31, 2012
110,800

 
$
41.46

________________________
(1)
The total shares vested include 22,312 shares that were tendered in accordance with the terms of the 2006 Plan to satisfy minimum statutory tax withholding requirements related to the restricted shares that have vested. We accept the return of shares at the current quoted closing share price of the Company's common stock to satisfy tax obligations.
A summary of our nonvested and vested shares activity for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011 is presented below:
 
Shares Granted
 
Shares Vested
Three Months Ended March 31,
Non-Vested Shares Issued
 
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
 
Vested Shares
 
Total Fair Value at Vest Date(1)          (in thousands)
2012
59,938

 
$
41.71

 
(33,104
)
 
$
1,274

2011
66,208

 
37.76

 
(5,985
)
 
232

_______________________
(1)
Total fair value of shares vested was calculated based on the quoted closing share price of the Company's common stock on the NYSE on the day of vesting.
    
Summary of Stock Options
On February 22, 2012, the Executive Compensation Committee of the Company granted non-qualified stock options to certain key members of our senior management team, including our executive officers, to purchase an aggregate 1,550,000 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price per share equal to $42.61, the closing price of the Company's common stock on the grant date. The options will vest ratably in annual installments over a five-year period, subject to continued employment through the applicable vesting date. The term of each option is ten years from the date of the grant. Dividends will not be paid on vested or unvested options. The options were granted pursuant to the 2006 Plan.
The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model based on the following assumptions for the February 2012 grant.
 
February 2012 Option Grant
 
Fair value of options granted per share
$9.20
 
Expected stock price volatility
33.00%
 
Risk-free interest rate
1.35%
 
Dividend yield
3.80%
 
Expected life of option
6.5 years
 

The computation of expected volatility is based on a blend of the historical volatility of our common shares over a time period longer than the expected life of the option and implied volatility data based on the observed pricing of six-month publicly traded options on our common shares. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield curve on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury STRIP securities in effect at the grant date. The expected dividend yield is estimated by examining the average of the historical dividend yield levels over the expected life of the option and the current dividend yield as of the grant date. The expected life of the options is calculated as the average of the vesting term and the contractual term.
A summary of our stock option activity from January 1, 2012 through March 31, 2012 is presented below:
 
Number of Options
 
Exercise Price
 
Remaining Contractual Term (years)
Outstanding at January 1, 2012 (1)
5,000

 
$25.77
 
 
Granted
1,550,000

 
42.61
 
 
Exercised
(5,000
)
 
25.77
 
 
Forfeited

 
 
 
Outstanding at March 31, 2012 (2)(3)
1,550,000

 
$42.61
 
9.9
________________________
(1)
Stock options outstanding as of December 31, 2011 were granted in 2002 and exercised in 2012 prior to expiration. No stock options were granted during 2003 through 2011.
(2)
As of March 31, 2012, none of the outstanding stock options were exercisable.
(3)
The total intrinsic value of options outstanding at March 31, 2012 was $6.2 million.
Share-based Compensation Cost Recorded During the Period
The total compensation cost for all share-based compensation programs was $1.5 million and $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011. Of the total share-based compensation cost, $0.2 million and $0.3 million was capitalized as part of real estate assets for the three months ended March 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. As of March 31, 2012, there was approximately $32.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvested incentive awards granted under share-based compensation arrangements that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 years. The remaining compensation cost related to these nonvested incentive awards had been recognized in periods prior to March 31, 2012.