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Investments
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investments INVESTMENTS
The following tables present the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, allowance for credit losses and fair value of securities available for sale and held to maturity:
 
 March 31, 2023
(in thousands)Amortized CostGross
Unrealized Gains
Gross
Unrealized Losses
Fair Value
Available-for-sale securities:    
Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$289,560 $95 $(23,950)$265,705 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions503,883 53 (73,243)430,693 
Agency mortgage-backed securities710,642 557 (60,748)650,451 
U.S. Treasury bills203,596 22 (3,515)200,103 
Corporate debt securities9,000 — (843)8,157 
          Total securities available for sale$1,716,681 $727 $(162,299)$1,555,109 
Held-to-maturity securities:
Obligations of states and political subdivisions$541,345 $5,133 $(54,232)$492,246 
Agency mortgage-backed securities55,897 — (5,566)50,331 
Corporate debt securities124,324 176 (10,524)113,976 
          Total securities held-to-maturity$721,566 $5,309 $(70,322)$656,553 
Allowance for credit losses(872)
          Total securities held-to-maturity, net$720,694 
 December 31, 2022
(in thousands)Amortized CostGross
Unrealized Gains
Gross
Unrealized Losses
Fair Value
Available-for-sale securities:    
    Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$266,090 $— $(28,305)$237,785 
    Obligations of states and political subdivisions507,842 27 (90,425)417,444 
    Agency mortgage-backed securities727,931 453 (68,980)659,404 
U.S. Treasury Bills213,441 (4,908)208,534 
Corporate debt securities13,750 — (1,110)12,640 
          Total securities available for sale$1,729,054 $481 $(193,728)$1,535,807 
Held-to-maturity securities:
   Obligations of states and political subdivisions$529,012 $2,321 $(65,347)$465,986 
   Agency mortgage-backed securities57,018 — (6,416)50,602 
Corporate debt securities124,620 163 (12,854)111,929 
          Total securities held to maturity$710,650 $2,484 $(84,617)$628,517 
Allowance for credit losses(735)
Total securities held-to-maturity, net$709,915 

The balance of held-to-maturity securities in the “Amortized Cost” column in the table above includes a cumulative net unamortized unrealized gain of $16.8 million and $17.6 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Such amounts are amortized over the remaining life of the securities.

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer in an amount greater than 10% of shareholders’ equity, other than U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises. The
agency mortgage-backed securities are all issued by U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises. Securities having a fair value of $1.8 billion and $734.5 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, were pledged as collateral to secure deposits of public institutions and for other purposes as required by law or contract provisions, in addition to collateral securing borrowing bases with the FHLB and the Federal Reserve.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities at March 31, 2023, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The weighted average life of the mortgage-backed securities is approximately 6 years.
Available for saleHeld to maturity
(in thousands)Amortized CostEstimated Fair ValueAmortized CostEstimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less$97,485 $97,369 $720 $720 
Due after one year through five years370,543 347,074 50,396 47,082 
Due after five years through ten years70,480 64,238 187,914 177,985 
Due after ten years467,531 395,977 426,639 380,435 
Agency mortgage-backed securities710,642 650,451 55,897 50,331 
 $1,716,681 $1,555,109 $721,566 $656,553 

The following tables presents a summary of available-for-sale investment securities in an unrealized loss position:
 March 31, 2023
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
(in thousands)Fair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$31,351 $671 $224,294 $23,279 $255,645 $23,950 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions1,954 165 424,582 73,078 426,536 73,243 
Agency mortgage-backed securities198,052 6,861 407,782 53,887 605,834 60,748 
U.S. Treasury bills150,570 2,153 23,795 1,362 174,365 3,515 
Corporate debt securities3,664 336 4,243 507 7,907 843 
 $385,591 $10,186 $1,084,696 $152,113 $1,470,287 $162,299 
 December 31, 2022
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
(in thousands)Fair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized LossesFair ValueUnrealized Losses
Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$73,738 $6,249 $163,047 $22,056 $236,785 $28,305 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions103,179 13,501 311,634 76,924 414,813 90,425 
Agency mortgage-backed securities334,431 20,038 281,321 48,942 615,752 68,980 
U.S. Treasury bills198,688 4,908 — — 198,688 4,908 
Corporate debt securities12,640 1,110 — — 12,640 1,110 
 $722,676 $45,806 $756,002 $147,922 $1,478,678 $193,728 

The unrealized losses at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were attributable primarily to changes in market interest rates after the securities were purchased. In March 2023, the Company established an allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale investment securities through a provision for credit losses of $4.8 million and subsequently charged-off $4.8 million. The charge-off related to the impairment of a debt security from a bank that
failed in 2023. At each of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no allowance recorded on available-for-sale securities.

Accrued interest receivable on held-to-maturity debt securities totaled $6.6 million and $5.8 million at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and is excluded from the estimate of expected credit losses. The estimate of expected credit losses considers historical credit loss information adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ACL on held-to-maturity securities was $0.9 million at March 31, 2023 and $0.7 million at December 31, 2022.

The Company sold $28.4 million of available-for-sale securities in January 2023 for a gain of $0.4 million. There were no sales of available-for-sale investment securities during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Other Investments

At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, other investments totaled $62.9 million and $63.8 million, respectively. As a member of the FHLB system administered by the Federal Housing Finance Agency, the Bank is required to maintain a minimum investment in capital stock with the FHLB consisting of membership stock and activity-based stock. The FHLB capital stock of $14.0 million at both March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is recorded at cost, which represents redemption value, and is included in other investments in the consolidated balance sheets. The remaining amounts in other investments primarily include investments in SBICs, CDFIs, private equity investments, and the Company’s investment in unconsolidated trusts used to issue trust preferred securities to third parties.