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Loans
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Receivables [Abstract]  
Portfolio Loans LOANS
The following table presents a summary of loans by category:
 
(in thousands)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Commercial and industrial$2,943,048 $3,100,299 
Real estate:  
Commercial - investor owned1,646,021 1,589,419 
Commercial - owner occupied1,554,727 1,498,408 
Construction and land development556,776 546,686 
Residential305,497 319,179 
Total real estate loans4,063,021 3,953,692 
Other235,431 187,083 
Loans, before unearned loan fees7,241,500 7,241,074 
Unearned loan fees, net(15,233)(16,139)
Loans, including unearned loan fees$7,226,267 $7,224,935 

PPP loans totaled $408.9 million at June 30, 2021, or $396.7 million net of deferred fees of $12.2 million. The loan balance at June 30, 2021 also includes a net premium on acquired loans of $20.6 million. At June 30, 2021 loans of $2.8 billion were pledged to FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank.

PPP loans totaled $709.9 million at December 31, 2020, or $698.6 million net of unearned fees of $11.3 million. The loan balance includes a net premium on acquired loans of $16.1 million at December 31, 2020. At December 31, 2020 loans of $2.5 billion were pledged to FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank.

The Company has elected to present the accrued interest receivable balance separate from amortized cost basis, to exclude accrued interest receivable balances from the tabular disclosures, and not to estimate an ACL on accrued interest receivable as these amounts are timely written off as a credit loss expense.

Accrued interest receivable totaled $24.6 million at June 30, 2021 and was reported in Other Assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

A summary of the activity in the ACL on loans by category for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 is as follows:
(in thousands)Commercial and industrialCRE - investor ownedCRE -
owner occupied		Construction and land developmentResidential real estateOtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses on loans:       
Balance at March 31, 2021$55,941 $33,105 $20,219 $14,557 $4,305 $3,400 $131,527 
Provision (benefit) for credit losses(1,839)2,859 (4,449)(2,957)255 3,658 (2,473)
Charge-offs(1,451)— (216)— (44)(121)(1,832)
Recoveries700 39 10 32 161 21 963 
Balance at June 30, 2021$53,351 $36,003 $15,564 $11,632 $4,677 $6,958 $128,185 
(in thousands)Commercial and industrialCRE - investor ownedCRE -
owner occupied		Construction and land developmentResidential real estateOtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses on loans:       
Balance at December 31, 2020$58,812 $32,062 $17,012 $21,413 $4,585 $2,787 $136,671 
Provision (benefit) for credit losses(1,298)6,240 (1,223)(10,048)103 4,256 (1,970)
Charge-offs(5,190)(2,372)(244)— (315)(185)(8,306)
Recoveries1,027 73 19 267 304 100 1,790 
Balance at June 30, 2021$53,351 $36,003 $15,564 $11,632 $4,677 $6,958 $128,185 

The ACL on sponsor finance loans, which is included in the categories above, represented $20.1 million and $19.0 million, respectively, as of June 30, 2021 and December 30, 2020.

A summary of the activity in the ACL on loans by category for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 is as follows:
(in thousands)Commercial and industrialCRE - investor ownedCRE -
owner occupied		Construction and land developmentResidential real estateOtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses on loans:       
Balance at March 31, 2020$45,981 $19,892 $9,477 $9,895 $5,395 $1,547 $92,187 
Provision for credit losses7,168 2,599 1,600 6,038 744 242 18,391 
Charge-offs(3,303)(224)— — (32)(105)(3,664)
Recoveries293 2,752 11 29 226 45 3,356 
Balance at June 30, 202050,139 25,019 11,088 15,962 6,333 1,729 110,270 

(in thousands)Commercial and industrialCRE - investor ownedCRE -
owner occupied		Construction and land developmentResidential real estateOtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses on loans:       
Balance at December 31, 2019$27,455 $5,935 $4,873 $2,611 $1,280 $1,134 $43,288 
CECL adoption6,494 10,726 2,598 5,183 3,470 (84)28,387 
PCD loans immediately charged off— (5)(57)(217)(1,401)— (1,680)
Balance at January 1, 2020$33,949 $16,656 $7,414 $7,577 $3,349 $1,050 $69,995 
Provision for credit losses18,759 5,823 3,594 8,347 2,755 808 40,086 
Charge-offs(3,366)(226)— (31)(154)(191)(3,968)
Recoveries797 2,766 80 69 383 62 4,157 
Balance at June 30, 2020$50,139 $25,019 $11,088 $15,962 $6,333 $1,729 $110,270 

The CECL methodology incorporates various economic scenarios. The Company utilizes three forecasts in the model: Moody’s baseline, a stronger near-term growth upside and a moderate recession downside forecast. The Company weights these scenarios at 70%, 5%, and 25%, respectively, which added approximately $12.9 million to the ACL over the baseline model. These forecasts incorporate an accommodative monetary policy and the current and anticipated impact of government stimulus. The Company has also recognized the risk posed by loans that have received multiple deferrals of principal and interest payments, loans in the hospitality sector, and loans with other specific identified risks by allocating additional reserves to those segments. Some of the key risks to the forecasts that could result in future provision for credit losses are additional shutdowns and self-quarantines if another significant wave of COVID hits, the vaccination process stalls, small-business bankruptcies occur at higher levels, or unemployment increases.
The following tables present the recorded investment in nonperforming loans by category: 
June 30, 2021
(in thousands)NonaccrualRestructured, accruingLoans over 90 days past due and still accruing interestTotal nonperforming loansNonaccrual loans with no allowance
Commercial and industrial$19,082 $2,965 $2,797 $24,844 $10,215 
Real estate:   
    Commercial - investor owned7,359 — — 7,359 441 
    Commercial - owner occupied5,885 — — 5,885 1,616 
    Construction and land development100 — — 100 100 
    Residential3,961 77 — 4,038 2,695 
Other16 — 10 26 — 
       Total$36,403 $3,042 $2,807 $42,252 $15,067 

December 31, 2020
(in thousands)NonaccrualRestructured, accruingLoans over 90 days past due and still accruing interestTotal nonperforming loansNonaccrual loans with no allowance
Commercial and industrial$18,158 $3,482 $130 $21,770 $8,316 
Real estate: 
    Commercial - investor owned9,579 — — 9,579 716 
    Commercial - owner occupied2,940 — — 2,940 6,024 
    Residential4,112 77 — 4,189 — 
Other29 — — 29 3,190 
       Total$34,818 $3,559 $130 $38,507 $18,246 

The total nonperforming loan balances at June 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 exclude government guaranteed balances of $3.9 million for each period.

No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 or 2020.

The amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent nonperforming loans by class of loan is presented for the periods indicated:
June 30, 2021
Type of Collateral
(in thousands)Commercial Real EstateResidential Real EstateBlanket LienOther
Commercial and industrial$11,941 $— $4,252 $— 
Real estate:
Commercial - investor owned7,141 — — — 
Commercial - owner occupied5,767 — — — 
Residential100 3,984 — — 
Other— — — 15 
Total$24,949 $3,984 $4,252 $15 
December 31, 2020
Type of Collateral
(in thousands)Commercial Real EstateResidential Real EstateBlanket LienOther
Commercial and industrial$8,316 $— $394 $— 
Real estate:
Commercial - investor owned9,579 — — — 
Commercial - owner occupied2,940 — — — 
Residential— 4,135 — — 
Other— — — 17 
Total$20,835 $4,135 $394 $17 

There were no loans restructured during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 or the three months ended June 30, 2020. The recorded investment by category for troubled debt restructurings that occurred during the six months ended June 30, 2020 are as follows:
June 30, 2020
(in thousands, except for number of loans)Number of loansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded BalancePost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Balance
Commercial and industrial1 $3,731 $3,731 
Real estate:
Residential2 155 155 
Total3 $3,886 $3,886 

No troubled debt restructurings subsequently defaulted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 or 2020.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company has implemented short-term deferral programs allowing customers to primarily defer payments for up to 90 days. Deferrals under the CARES Act or interagency guidance are not included above as troubled debt restructurings. As of June 30, 2021, $8.5 million loans remain in a deferral status. Interest of $4.1 million has been deferred and will be collected upon final maturity.
The aging of the recorded investment in past due loans by class is presented for the periods indicated.

June 30, 2021
(in thousands)30-89 Days
 Past Due		90 or More
Days
Past Due		Total
Past Due		CurrentTotal
Commercial and industrial$8,245 $15,247 $23,492 $2,907,313 $2,930,805 
Real estate:     
Commercial - investor owned1,065 6,700 7,765 1,638,256 1,646,021 
Commercial - owner occupied4,710 512 5,222 1,549,505 1,554,727 
Construction and land development65 100 165 556,611 556,776 
Residential461 1,925 2,386 303,111 305,497 
Other62 25 87 232,354 232,441 
Total$14,608 $24,509 $39,117 $7,187,150 $7,226,267 

December 31, 2020
(in thousands)30-89 Days
 Past Due		90 or More
Days
Past Due		Total
Past Due		CurrentTotal
Commercial and industrial$8,652 $12,928 $21,580 $3,067,415 $3,088,995 
Real estate:     
Commercial - investor owned734 9,301 10,035 1,579,384 1,589,419 
Commercial - owner occupied328 4,647 4,975 1,493,433 1,498,408 
Construction and land development13 — 13 546,673 546,686 
Residential2,071 2,118 4,189 314,990 319,179 
Other1,731 50 1,781 180,467 182,248 
Total$13,529 $29,044 $42,573 $7,182,362 $7,224,935 

The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, such as current financial information, payment experience, credit documentation, and current economic factors among other factors. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. The Company uses the following definitions for risk ratings:
•Grades 1, 2, and 3 – Includes loans to borrowers with a continuous record of strong earnings, sound balance sheet condition and capitalization, ample liquidity with solid cash flow, and whose management team has experience and depth within their industry.
•Grade 4 – Includes loans to borrowers with positive trends in profitability, satisfactory capitalization and balance sheet condition, and sufficient liquidity and cash flow.
•Grade 5 – Includes loans to borrowers that may display fluctuating trends in sales, profitability, capitalization, liquidity, and cash flow.
•Grade 6 – Includes loans to borrowers where an adverse change or perceived weakness has occurred, but may be correctable in the near future. Alternatively, this rating category may also include circumstances where the borrower is starting to reverse a negative trend or condition, or has recently been upgraded from a 7, 8, or 9 rating.
•Grade 7 – Watch credits are borrowers that have experienced financial setback of a nature that is not determined to be severe or influence ‘ongoing concern’ expectations. Although possible, no loss is anticipated at this time, due to strong collateral and/or guarantor support.
•Grade 8 – Substandard credits include those borrowers characterized by significant losses and sustained downward trends in balance sheet condition, liquidity, and cash flow. Repayment reliance may have shifted to secondary sources. Collateral exposure may exist and additional reserves may be warranted.
•Grade 9 – Doubtful credits include borrowers that may show deteriorating trends that are unlikely to be corrected. Collateral values may appear insufficient for full recovery, therefore requiring a partial charge-off, or debt renegotiation with the borrower. The borrower may have declared bankruptcy or bankruptcy is likely in the near term. All doubtful rated credits will be on nonaccrual.
The recorded investment by risk category of loans by class and year of origination is presented in the following tables as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2021
Term Loans by Origination Year
(in thousands)20212020201920182017PriorRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansRevolving LoansTotal
Commercial and industrial
Pass (1-6)$731,143 $649,462 $384,160 $183,888 $117,020 $76,679 $8,765 $564,593 $2,715,710 
Watch (7)31,131 33,339 13,864 8,671 4,163 12,402 7,628 58,428 169,626 
Classified (8-9)7,365 2,049 8,451 2,592 3,254 880 2,018 15,487 42,096 
Total Commercial and industrial$769,639 $684,850 $406,475 $195,151 $124,437 $89,961 $18,411 $638,508 $2,927,432 
Commercial real estate-investor owned
Pass (1-6)$249,960 $421,836 $327,290 $169,832 $111,808 $227,018 $3,690 $38,687 $1,550,121 
Watch (7)9,126 27,342 13,822 7,144 — 19,381 — — 76,815 
Classified (8-9)— 6,012 429 6,651 — 2,684 — — 15,776 
Total Commercial real estate-investor owned$259,086 $455,190 $341,541 $183,627 $111,808 $249,083 $3,690 $38,687 $1,642,712 
Commercial real estate-owner occupied
Pass (1-6)$213,157 $398,971 $240,316 $181,078 $142,757 $229,030 $— $41,902 $1,447,211 
Watch (7)8,794 7,884 1,651 15,452 5,917 9,605 — 1,349 50,652 
Classified (8-9)1,085 895 11,363 6,112 4,660 8,231 88 63 32,497 
Total Commercial real estate-owner occupied$223,036 $407,750 $253,330 $202,642 $153,334 $246,866 $88 $43,314 $1,530,360 
Construction real estate
Pass (1-6)$174,256 $133,328 $116,620 $39,332 $7,784 $13,490 $195 $20,974 $505,979 
Watch (7)28,003 4,926 — 1,216 11,215 2,423 — — 47,783 
Classified (8-9)— 54 — 427 — 26 — 100 607 
Total Construction real estate$202,259 $138,308 $116,620 $40,975 $18,999 $15,939 $195 $21,074 $554,369 
Residential real estate
Pass (1-6)$38,535 $49,198 $21,357 $13,139 $11,177 $99,035 $171 $62,095 $294,707 
Watch (7)33 276 719 342 — 2,691 — 400 4,461 
Classified (8-9)569 706 575 77 13 3,408 — 74 5,422 
Total residential real estate$39,137 $50,180 $22,651 $13,558 $11,190 $105,134 $171 $62,569 $304,590 
Other
Pass (1-6)$86,875 $54,771 $19,687 $24,583 $8,414 $20,903 $— $13,144 $228,377 
Watch (7)— — — 5 — 2,539 — 135 2,679 
Classified (8-9)— — 14 16 — 21 — 2 53 
Total Other$86,875 $54,771 $19,701 $24,604 $8,414 $23,463 $— $13,281 $231,109 
December 31, 2020
Term Loans by Origination Year
(in thousands)20202019201820172016PriorRevolving Loans Converted to Term LoansRevolving LoansTotal
Commercial and industrial
Pass (1-6)$1,402,276 $454,729 $262,258 $132,832 $25,057 $58,315 $14,118 $527,170 $2,876,755 
Watch (7)44,922 15,369 9,585 7,509 19,613 110 — 60,448 157,556 
Classified (8-9)6,602 9,219 3,115 3,964 4,490 1,080 1,281 22,432 52,183 
Total Commercial and industrial$1,453,800 $479,317 $274,958 $144,305 $49,160 $59,505 $15,399 $610,050 $3,086,494 
Commercial real estate-investor owned
Pass (1-6)$481,867 $338,843 $189,305 $131,718 $138,288 $161,439 $6,509 $32,058 $1,480,027 
Watch (7)32,308 19,722 6,656 — 9,647 17,370 — — 85,703 
Classified (8-9)— 5,278 8,716 5,830 1,245 2,620 — — 23,689 
Total Commercial real estate-investor owned$514,175 $363,843 $204,677 $137,548 $149,180 $181,429 $6,509 $32,058 $1,589,419 
Commercial real estate-owner occupied
Pass (1-6)$419,142 $287,001 $215,181 $179,382 $104,470 $167,456 $2,672 $45,323 $1,420,627 
Watch (7)13,657 5,257 3,113 6,198 4,338 8,460 1,776 941 43,740 
Classified (8-9)2,420 7,427 5,822 6,140 1,309 10,860 — 63 34,041 
Total Commercial real estate-owner occupied$435,219 $299,685 $224,116 $191,720 $110,117 $186,776 $4,448 $46,327 $1,498,408 
Construction real estate
Pass (1-6)$223,069 $156,360 $45,460 $18,579 $11,539 $9,144 $— $28,880 $493,031 
Watch (7)2,544 86 34,179 11,632 — 2,499 — — 50,940 
Classified (8-9)56 2,124 503 1 — 31 — — 2,715 
Total Construction real estate$225,669 $158,570 $80,142 $30,212 $11,539 $11,674 $— $28,880 $546,686 
Residential real estate
Pass (1-6)$57,059 $27,907 $17,718 $17,138 $27,443 $92,657 $1,172 $66,902 $307,996 
Watch (7)210 840 526 — 514 1,603 287 511 4,491 
Classified (8-9)571 733 121 14 898 3,181 — 253 5,771 
Total residential real estate$57,840 $29,480 $18,365 $17,152 $28,855 $97,441 $1,459 $67,666 $318,258 
Other
Pass (1-6)$43,526 $28,195 $30,074 $9,646 $5,641 $17,027 $— $40,779 $174,888 
Watch (7)— 1 8 — — 2,637 — 1 2,647 
Classified (8-9)— 18 19 13 — 17 8 4 79 
Total Other$43,526 $28,214 $30,101 $9,659 $5,641 $19,681 $8 $40,784 $177,614 

In the tables above, loan originations in 2021 and 2020 with a classification of watch or classified primarily represent renewals or modifications initially underwritten and originated in prior years.
For certain loans, primarily credit cards, the Company evaluates credit quality based on the aging status.
The following tables presents the recorded investment on loans based on payment activity as of the periods indicated:
June 30, 2021
(in thousands)PerformingNon PerformingTotal
Commercial and industrial$3,370 $3 $3,373 
Real estate:
Commercial - investor owned3,309 — 3,309 
Commercial - owner occupied24,367 — 24,367 
Construction and land development2,407 — 2,407 
Residential907 — 907 
Other1,322 10 1,332 
Total$35,682 $13 $35,695 
December 31, 2020
(in thousands)PerformingNon PerformingTotal
Commercial and industrial$2,502 $— $2,502 
Real estate:
Residential921 — 921 
Other4,612 21 4,633 
Total$8,035 $21 $8,056