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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 2 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Consolidated Financial Statements

The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of Amscan and all majority-owned subsidiaries and controlled entities. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The Company’s retail operations define a fiscal year (“Fiscal Year”) as the 52-week period or 53-week period ended on the Saturday nearest December 31st of each year, and define their fiscal quarters (“Fiscal Quarter”) as the four interim 13-week periods following the end of the previous Fiscal Year, except in the case of a 53-week Fiscal Year when the fourth Fiscal Quarter is extended to 14 weeks. The consolidated financial statements of the Company combine the Fiscal Year and Fiscal Quarters of the Company’s retail operations with the calendar year and calendar quarters of the Company’s wholesale operations, as the differences are not significant.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Management periodically evaluates estimates used in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements for continued reasonableness. Appropriate adjustments, if any, to the estimates used are made prospectively based on such periodic evaluations.

Cash Equivalents

Highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased are considered to be cash equivalents.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market.

The Company determines the cost of inventory at its retail stores using the weighted average method. All other inventory cost is determined principally using the first-in, first-out method.

The Company estimates retail inventory shortage for the period between physical inventory dates on a store-by-store basis. Inventory shrinkage estimates can be affected by changes in merchandise mix and changes in actual shortage trends. The shrinkage rate from the most recent physical inventory, in combination with historical experience, is the basis for estimating shrinkage.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of the Company’s customers to make required payments. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the ultimate realization of these receivables, including consideration of the Company’s history of receivable write-offs, the level of past due accounts and the economic status of the Company’s customers. In an effort to identify adverse trends relative to customer economic status, the Company assesses the financial health of the markets it operates in and performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers and ongoing reviews of account balances and aging of receivables. Amounts are considered past due when payment has not been received within the time frame of the credit terms extended. Write-offs are charged directly against the allowance for doubtful accounts and occur only after all collection efforts have been exhausted.

Long-Lived and Intangible Assets (including Goodwill)

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Equipment under capital leases are stated at the present value of the minimum lease payments at the inception of the lease. Depreciation is calculated principally on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset.

The Company reviews the recoverability of its finite long-lived assets, including finite-lived intangible assets, whenever facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be fully recoverable. For purposes of recognizing and measuring impairment, the Company evaluates long-lived assets other than goodwill based upon the lowest level of independent cash flows ascertainable to evaluate impairment. If the sum of the undiscounted future cash flows expected over the remaining asset life is less than the carrying value of the assets, the Company may recognize an impairment loss. The impairment related to long-lived assets is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.

In the evaluation of the fair value and future benefits of finite long-lived assets attached to retail stores, the Company performs its cash flow analysis on a store-by-store basis. Various factors including future sales growth and profit margins are included in this analysis.

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired companies over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill and other intangibles with indefinite lives are not amortized, but are reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if certain indicators arise.

The Company evaluates the goodwill associated with its acquisitions, and other intangibles with indefinite lives, as of the first day of its fourth quarter based on current and projected performance. On October 1, 2011, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2011-08, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Testing Goodwill for Impairment.” See “Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements” for further discussion.

For purposes of testing goodwill for impairment, reporting units are determined by identifying individual components within the Company’s organization which constitute a business for which discrete financial information is available and is reviewed by management. Components within a segment are aggregated to the extent that they have similar economic characteristics. Based on this evaluation, the Company has determined that its operating segments, wholesale and retail, represent reporting units for the purposes of its goodwill impairment test.

If necessary, the Company estimates the fair value of each reporting unit using expected discounted cash flows. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the excess, if any, of the fair value of the reporting unit over amounts allocable to the unit’s other assets and liabilities is the implied fair value of goodwill. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss will be recognized in an amount equal to that excess. The fair value of a reporting unit refers to the amount at which the unit as a whole could be sold in a current transaction between willing parties.

 

During 2010, the Company evaluated the conversion of approximately 20 of its Factory Card and Party Outlet (“FCPO”) stores to the Party City name and, based on the results, the Company concluded during the fourth quarter of 2010 that it would convert the remaining FCPO non-outlet stores, over time, to the Party City name. The Company performed an impairment test and determined that the FCPO trade name of $27,400 became fully impaired during the fourth quarter of 2010 and impaired the entire amount of the trade name. The fair value calculation utilized Level 3 fair value inputs, as defined in Note 20.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs are amortized to interest expense over the lives of the related debt using the effective interest method.

Deferred Rent and Rental Expenses

The Company leases its retail stores under operating leases that generally have initial terms of ten years, with two five year renewal options. The Company’s leases may have early cancellation clauses, which permit the lease to be terminated if certain sales levels are not met in specific periods, and may provide for the payment of contingent rent based on a percentage of the store’s net sales. The Company’s lease agreements generally have defined escalating rent provisions, which are reported as a deferred rent liability and expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the related lease, commencing with the date of possession. In addition, the Company may receive cash allowances from its landlords on certain properties, which are reported as deferred rent and amortized to rent expense over the term of the lease, also commencing with the date of possession. The deferred rent liability at December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $18,425 and $10,958, respectively.

Investments

The Company maintains a 49.9% interest in Convergram Mexico, a joint venture distributing metallic balloons, principally in Mexico and Latin America. The Company accounts for its investment in the joint venture using the equity method. The Company’s investment in the joint venture is included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet and the results of the joint venture’s operations are included in other expense (income) on the consolidated statement of income (see Note 13).

Insurance Accruals

The Company maintains certain self-insured workers’ compensation and general liability insurance plans. The Company estimates the required liability for claims under such plans based upon various assumptions, which include, but are not limited to, historical loss experience, projected loss development factors, actual payroll and other data. The required liability is also subject to adjustment in the future based upon changes in claims experience, including changes in the number of incidents (frequency) and changes in the ultimate cost per incident (severity).

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s terms of sale to retailers and other distributors for substantially all of its sales is freight on board (“F.O.B.”) shipping point and, accordingly, title and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customer, and revenue is recognized, when goods are shipped. The Company estimates reductions to revenues for volume-based rebate programs at the time sales are recognized.

The Company does not record a provision for wholesale sales returns. The Company only accepts the return of goods shipped to retailers in error and such returns are not significant to the Company.

Revenue from retail operations is recognized at the point of sale. The Company estimates future retail sales returns and records a provision in the period that the related sales are recorded based on historical information. Retail sales are reported net of taxes collected.

 

Franchise fee revenue is recognized upon the completion of the Company’s performance requirements and the opening of the franchise store. In addition to the initial franchise fee, the Company also recognizes royalty fees ranging from 4% to 6% and advertising fund fees ranging from 1% to 2.25% based upon the franchised stores’ reported gross retail sales. The terms of the Company’s franchise agreements also provide for payments to franchisees based on e-commerce sales originating from specified areas relating to the franchisees’ contractual territory. The amounts paid by the Company vary based on several factors, including the profitability of the Company’s e-commerce sales, and are expensed at the time of sale.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales at wholesale reflects the production costs (i.e., raw materials, labor and overhead) of manufactured goods and the direct cost of purchased goods, inventory shrinkage, inventory adjustments, inbound freight to the Company’s manufacturing and distribution facilities, distribution costs and outbound freight to transfer goods to the Company’s wholesale customers. At retail, cost of sales reflects the direct cost of goods purchased from third parties and the production or purchase costs of goods acquired from the Company’s wholesale operations. Retail cost of sales also includes inventory shrinkage, inventory adjustments, inbound freight, occupancy costs related to store operations, such as rent and common area maintenance, utilities and depreciation on assets, and all logistics costs (i.e., procurement, handling and distribution costs) associated with the Company’s e-commerce business.

Retail Operating Expenses

Retail operating expenses include the costs and expenses associated with the operation of the Company’s retail stores, with the exception of occupancy costs included in cost of sales. Retail operating expenses principally consist of employee compensation and benefits, advertising, supplies expense and credit card and banking fees.

Shipping and Handling

Outbound shipping costs billed to customers are included in net sales. The costs of shipping and handling incurred by the Company are included in cost of sales.

Store Closure Costs

The Company records estimated store closure costs, estimated lease commitment costs, net of estimated sublease income, and other miscellaneous store closing costs when the liability is incurred.

Product Royalty Agreements

The Company enters into product royalty agreements that allow the Company to use licensed designs on certain of its products. These contracts require the Company to pay royalties, generally based on the sales of such product, and may require guaranteed minimum royalties, a portion of which may be paid in advance. The Company matches royalty expense with revenue by recording royalties at the time of sale, at the greater of the contractual rate or an effective rate calculated based on the guaranteed minimum royalty and the Company’s estimate of sales during the contract period. If a portion of the guaranteed minimum royalty is determined to be unrecoverable, the unrecoverable portion is charged to expense at that time. Guaranteed minimum royalties paid in advance are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets in either prepaid expenses and other current assets or other assets, depending on the nature of the royalties.

Catalogue Costs

The Company expenses costs associated with the production of catalogues when incurred.

 

Advertising

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Retail advertising expenses for 2011, 2010 and 2009 were $65,914, $53,256, and $43,896, respectively.

Art and Development Costs

Art and development costs are primarily internal costs that are not easily associated with specific designs, some of which may not reach commercial production. Accordingly, the Company expenses these costs as incurred.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 815, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” ASC Topic 815 requires that all derivative financial instruments be recognized on the balance sheet at fair value and establishes criteria for both the designation and effectiveness of hedging activities. The Company uses derivatives in the management of interest rate and foreign currency exposure. ASC Topic 815 requires the Company to formally document the assets, liabilities or other transactions the Company designates as hedged items, the risk being hedged and the relationship between the hedged items and the hedging instruments. The Company must measure the effectiveness of the hedging relationship at the inception of the hedge and on an on-going basis.

If derivative financial instruments qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the instrument and the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings during the period of the change in fair values. For derivative financial instruments that qualify as cash flow hedges (i.e., hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. The ineffective portion of a cash flow hedge, if any, is determined based on the dollar-offset method (i.e., the gain or loss on the derivative financial instrument in excess of the cumulative change in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item) and is recognized in current earnings during the period of change. As long as hedge effectiveness is maintained, interest rate swap arrangements and foreign currency exchange agreements qualify for hedge accounting as cash flow hedges (see Note 21.)

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Under the asset and liability method of ASC Topic 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards applying enacted statutory tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the judgment of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Stock-Based Compensation

Accounting for stock-based compensation requires measurement of compensation cost for all stock-based awards at fair value on the date of grant and recognition of compensation over the service period for awards expected to vest. The Company uses the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model to determine the fair value of the Company’s stock options. This model uses assumptions that include the risk free interest rate, expected volatility, expected dividend yield and expected life of the options. The value of the Company’s stock-based awards is recognized as expense over the service period, net of estimated forfeitures.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2011 and 2010 consisted of the Company’s foreign currency translation adjustments and the impact of interest rate swap and foreign exchange contracts, net of income taxes, that qualify as hedges (see Notes 21 and 22).

 

Foreign Currency Transactions and Translation

The functional currencies of the Company’s foreign operations are the local currencies in which they operate. Foreign currency exchange gains or losses resulting from receivables or payables in currencies other than the functional currencies generally are credited or charged to operations. The balance sheets of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rates in effect on the balance sheet date. The results of operations of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the average exchange rates effective for the periods presented. The differences from historical exchange rates are recorded as comprehensive income (loss) and are included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2011-11, “Balance Sheet (Topic 210), Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities”. The ASU requires an entity to disclose information about offsetting and related arrangements to enable users of its financial statements to understand the effect of those arrangements on its financial position. These amendments are effective during interim and annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013. Although the Company continues to review this pronouncement, it does not believe it will have a material impact on its financial statements or the notes thereto.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), Presentation of Comprehensive Income”. The pronouncement gives two choices of how to present items of net income, items of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and total comprehensive income: one continuous statement of comprehensive income or two separate consecutive statements can be presented. OCI is no longer allowed to be presented in the statement of stockholder’s equity. The guidance also required the reclassification adjustments for each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) to be displayed in both net income and OCI. However, in December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05”, which deferred such requirement. The FASB expects to complete a project to reconsider the presentation requirements for reclassification adjustments in 2012. For public companies, ASU 2011-05 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and should be applied retrospectively. Since the update only requires a change in presentation, the Company does not expect that the adoption of this will have a material impact on its results of operations, cash flows or financial condition.

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Testing Goodwill for Impairment”. Under the ASU, an entity has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If, after assessing the totality of events or circumstances, an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then performing the two-step impairment test is unnecessary. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform the first step of the two-step impairment test. Under the amendments in this update, an entity has the option to bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. The Company early adopted this pronouncement, effective October 1, 2011. Such adoption did not impact the Company’s financial statements.

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards, or “IFRS”. The ASU amends the fair value measurement and disclosure guidance in ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement”, to converge U.S. GAAP and IFRS requirements for measuring amounts at fair value as well as disclosures about these measurements. Many of the amendments clarify existing concepts and are generally not expected to result in significant changes to application of fair value principles. In certain instances, however, the FASB changed a principle to achieve convergence, and while limited, these amendments have the potential to significantly change practice. These amendments are effective during interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. Although the Company continues to review this update, the Company does not believe it will have a material impact on its financial statements or the notes thereto.

 

In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-02, “Receivables (Topic 310), A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt Restructuring”. The FASB believes there has been diversity in practice related to identifying and disclosing troubled debt restructurings, and this diversity has been amplified over the last several years given the economic conditions. The amendments in this ASU clarify the accounting guidance for all banks and other creditors that make concessions to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulties. The changes clarify the guidance on determining whether a concession has been granted and whether a borrower is considered to be experiencing financial difficulty. The Company adopted the pronouncement on October 1, 2011 and such adoption did not impact its financial statements.

In December 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-29, “Business Combinations (Topic 805).” The pronouncement requires a public entity to disclose pro forma information for business combinations that occurred in the current reporting period and specifically requires the same information for the comparative prior period. The Company adopted the pronouncement on January 1, 2011. See Note 5 for pro forma information for the Party Packagers and Riethmüller GmbH (“Riethmüller”) acquisitions.