10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________ 

Commission File Number: 001-38037

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	95-4463937
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	Identification No.)
990 Biscayne Blvd., #501, Office 12, Miami, Florida	33132
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(646) 240-4235

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 

N/A

(Former name, former address and formal fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	SGBX	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  ☒    No   ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes  ☒    No  ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  

Large accelerated filer  ☐	Accelerated filer  ☐
Non-accelerated filer  ☒	Smaller reporting company  ☒
	Emerging growth company  ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes  ☐ No  ☒ 

As of August 10, 2024 the issuer had a total of 2,027,772 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, outstanding. 

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-​Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page Number
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION		2
ITEM 1.	Financial Statements	2
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2024 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2023	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 (Unaudited)	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)	7
ITEM 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Result of Operations	50
ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	60
ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	60
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		61
ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	61
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	61
ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	64
ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	64
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	64
ITEM 5.	Other Information	64
ITEM 6.	Exhibits	65
SIGNATURES		67

​​​​​​​​

1

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

	June 30, 2024			December 31,  2023
	(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,016,784		$	17,448
Accounts receivable, net		364,355			182,753
Contract assets		113,001			10,745
Held for sale assets		4,400,361			4,400,361
Inventories		223,402			156,512
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		1,279,667			572,779
Total current assets		7,397,570			5,340,598
Property, plant and equipment, net		5,505,596			5,582,401
Project development costs and other non-current assets		789,318			604,327
Goodwill		1,810,787			—
Right-of-use asset		1,225,370			1,987,137
Intangible assets, net		557,261			23,616
Deferred contract costs, net		—			30,589
Investment in and advances to equity affiliates		3,642,607			3,642,607
Total Assets	$	20,928,509		$	17,211,275
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	10,005,910		$	9,854,263
Contract liabilities		1,737,394			1,366,998
Lease liability, current maturities		463,114			856,088
Short-term notes payable, net		10,103,921			8,472,080
Total current liabilities		22,310,339			20,549,429
Long-term note payable		2,462,445			2,447,415
Contingent consideration liability		945,000			—
Lease liability, net of current maturities		—			549,290
Total liabilities		25,717,784			23,546,134
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value, 5,405,010 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding		—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized; 1,747,992 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and 881,387 issued and 814,969 outstanding as of December 31, 2023		17,480			8,814
Additional paid-in capital		75,400,798			68,555,050
Treasury stock, at cost 3,371 shares as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023		(92,396	)		(92,396	)
Accumulated deficit		(84,459,662	)		(75,930,805	)
Non-controlling interest		4,344,505			1,124,478
Total stockholders’ equity		(4,789,275	)		(6,334,859	)
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	20,928,509		$	17,211,275

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

	For the Three Months Ended June 30,			For the Three Months Ended June 30,			For the Six Months Ended June 30,			For the Six Months Ended  June 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Revenue:
Construction services	$	1,211,254		$	5,097,055		$	2,179,369		$	10,600,990
Real estate commissions		42,162			—			91,978			—
Total		1,253,416			5,097,055			2,271,347			10,600,990
Cost of revenue:
Construction services		1,094,249			5,063,425			1,739,232			10,636,832
Total		1,094,249			5,063,425			1,739,232			10,636,832
Gross profit (loss)		159,167			33,630			532,115			(35,842	)
Operating expenses:
Payroll and related expenses		1,729,729			4,184,429			4,997,798			5,498,819
General and administrative expenses		976,416			1,357,159			1,921,029			3,146,115
Marketing and business development expenses		246,829			102,900			439,554			190,151
Total		2,952,974			5,644,488			7,358,381			8,835,085
Operating loss		(2,793,807	)		(5,610,858	)		(6,826,266	)		(8,870,927	)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense		(1,889,328	)		(523,971	)		(3,172,084	)		(811,343	)
Interest income		—			9,454			9,570			18,816
Other income		135,365			569,851			183,982			588,490
Total		(1,753,963	)		55,334			(2,978,532	)		(204,037	)
Loss before income taxes		(4,547,770	)		(5,555,524	)		(9,804,798	)		(9,074,964	)
Income tax expense		—			—			—			—
Net loss		(4,547,770	)		(5,555,524	)		(9,804,798	)		(9,074,964	)
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—			(670,881	)		—
		(4,547,770	)		(5,555,524	)		(10,475,679	)		(9,074,964	)
Add: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		689,077			—			1,946,822			—
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(3,858,693	)	$	(5,555,524	)	$	(8,528,857	)	$	(9,074,964	)
Net loss per share
Basic and diluted	$	(2.73	)	$	(7.46	)	$	(7.23	)	$	(12.75	)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		1,412,159			744,454			1,179,150			711,715

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

	$0.01 Par Value Common Stock						Additional Paid-in				Treasury		Accumulated			Noncontrolling				Total Stockholders’
	Shares			Amount			Capital				Stock		Deficit				Interests			Equity
Balance at March 31, 2024		1,099,269		$	10,993		$	70,448,355		$	(92,396	)	$	(80,600,969	)		$	3,596,539		$	(6,637,478	)
Fractional share adjustment		(73	)		(1	)		1			—			—				—			—
Conversion of debt and interest		96,528			965			501,121			—			—				—			502,086
Issuance of stock under EP Agreement		13,355			134			28,733			—			—				—			28,867
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement		129,603			1,296			487,972			—			—				—			489,268
Issuance of common stock		130,000			1,300			3,589,086			—			—				—			3,590,386
Prefunded warrant exercise		279,310			2,793			(2,778	)		—			—				—			15
Stock compensation expense		—			—			348,308			—			—				—			348,308
Net loss		—			—			—			—			(3,858,693	)			(689,077	)		(4,547,770	)
SG DevCorp equity transactions		—			—			—			—			—				1,437,043			1,437,043
Balance at June 30, 2024		1,747,992		$	17,480		$	75,400,798		$	(92,396	)	$	(84,459,662	)		$	4,344,505		$	(4,789,275	)
Balance at December 31, 2023		881,387		$	8,814		$	68,555,050		$	(92,396	)	$	(75,930,805	)		$	1,124,478		$	(6,334,859	)
Stock-based compensation  and issuance of RSU’s		38,934			389			526,947			—			—				—			527,336
Cashless warrant exercise		290,699			2,907			(2,892	)		—			—				—			15
Issuance of common stock and warrants for debt issuance		15,000			150			251,211			—			—				—			251,361
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—			670,881			—			(670,881	)			—			—
Issuance of common stock from warrant inducement		94,932			949			493,264			—			—				—			494,213
Conversion of debt and interest		154,155			1,542			800,545			—			—				—			802,087
Factional share adjustment		(73	)		(1	)		1			—			—				—			—
Issuance of common stock under EP Agreement		13,355			134			28,733			—			—				—			28,867
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement		129,603			1,296			487,972			—			—				—			489,268
SG DevCorp equity transactions		—			—			—			—			—				5,166,849			5,166,849
Issuance of common stock		130,000			1,300			3,589,086			—			—				—			3,590,386
Net loss		—			—			—			—			(7,857,976	)			(1,946,822	)		(9,804,798	)
Balance at June 30, 2024		1,747,992		$	17,480		$	75,400,798		$	(92,396	)	$	(84,459,662	)		$	4,344,505		$	(4,789,275	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)

	$0.01 Par Value Common Stock				Additional Paid-in				Treasury		Accumulated			Noncontrolling			Total Stockholders’
	Shares		Amount		Capital				Stock		Deficit			Interests			Equity
Balance at March 31, 2023		715,130	$	7,151	$	57,740,899		$	(49,680	)	$	(44,947,708	)	$	(429,024	)	$	12,321,638
Stock-based compensation		—		—		2,554,262			—			—			—			2,554,262
Treasury stock		—		—		—			(42,716	)		—			—			(42,716	)
Issuance of restricted stock units		83,176		832		(832	)		—			—			—			—
Common stock issued for services		2,500		25		47,475			—			—			—			47,500
Noncontrolling interest distribution		—		—		—			—			—			—			—
Net loss		—		—		—			—			(5,555,524	)		—			(5,555,524	)
Balance at June 30, 2023		800,806	$	8,008	$	60,341,804		$	(92,396	)	$	(50,503,232	)	$	(429,024	)	$	9,325,160
Balance at December 31, 2022		630,699	$	6,307	$	56,293,810		$	(49,680	)	$	(41,428,268	)	$	(382,607	)	$	14,439,562
Stock-based compensation		—		—		3,210,631			—			—			—			3,210,631
Issuance of restricted common stock		14,376		144		437,181			—			—			—			437,325
Issuance of restricted stock units		150,731		1,507		(1,507	)		—			—			—			—
Common stock issued for services		2,500		25		47,475			—			—			—			47,500
Issuance of warrants and restricted common stock		2,500		25		354,214			—			—			—			354,239
Noncontrolling interest distribution		—		—		—			—			—			(46,417	)		(46,417	)
Treasury stock		—		—		—			(42,716	)		—			—			(42,716	)
Net loss		—		—		—			—			(9,074,964	)		—			(9,074,964	)
Balance at June 30, 2023		800,806	$	8,008	$	60,341,804		$	(92,396	)	$	(50,503,232	)	$	(429,024	)	$	9,325,160

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

	For the Six Months Ended  June 30, 2024			For the Six Months Ended  June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$	(9,804,798	)	$	(9,074,964	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation expense		85,034			184,964
Amortization of intangible assets		6,834			93,410
Amortization of deferred license costs		30,589			20,393
Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount		1,612,377			411,811
Amortization of right of use asset		761,767			428,934
Common stock issued for services		—			484,825
SG DevCorp equity transactions		2,846,013			—
Interest income on long-term note receivable		—			(18,699	)
Stock-based compensation		527,336			3,210,631
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(181,602	)		634,195
Contract assets		(102,256	)		(835,925	)
Inventories		(66,890	)		(357,575	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		293,112			(239,441	)
Intangible assets		(211,651	)		(92,005	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		157,720			3,016,961
Contract liabilities		370,396			(268,479	)
Lease liability		(942,264	)		(653,213	)
Assumed liability		—			15,000
Net cash used in operating activities		(4,618,283	)		(3,039,177	)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment		(8,229	)		(526,324	)
Cash from business combination		1,082			—
Project development costs		(184,991	)		(117,682	)
Investment in and advances to equity affiliates		—			(25,000	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(192,138	)		(669,006	)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of short term notes payable		(1,588,001	)		(2,500,000	)
Proceeds from short-term notes payable and warrants, net of debt issuance costs		3,284,277			6,609,512
Proceeds from long-term notes payable		—			706,359
Purchase of treasury stock		—			(42,716	)
Proceeds from warrant inducement		494,213			—
Prefunded warrant exercise		15			—
Issuance of common stock		3,619,253			—
Distribution paid to non-controlling interest		—			(46,417	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		5,809,757			4,726,738
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		999,336			1,018,555
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period		17,448			582,776
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	$	1,016,784		$	1,601,331
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Cashless warrant exercise	$	114		$	—
Fractional common share adjustment	$	1		$	—
Common stock deemed dividend	$	670,881		$	—
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock	$	1,872,742		$	—
Prepaid interest for short-term notes payable	$	1,000,000		$	—
Common stock issuance for asset acquisition	$	228,360		$	—
Common stock issuance for accounts payable settlement	$	489,268		$	—
Assets and liabilities acquired in business combination:
Intangible assets	$	100,468		$	—
Goodwill	$	1,810,787		$	—
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	532,337		$	—
Contingent consideration payable	$	945,000		$	—

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1. Description of Business 

Safe & Green Holdings Corp. (collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “we”, “us” or “our”) was previously known as SG Blocks, Inc. as well as CDSI Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation incorporated on December 29, 1993. On November 4, 2011, CDSI Merger Sub, Inc., the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, was merged with and into SG Building Blocks, Inc. (“SG Building,” formerly SG Blocks Inc.) (the “Merger”), with SG Building surviving the Merger and becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Merger was a reverse merger that was accounted for as a recapitalization of SG Building, as SG Building was the accounting acquirer.

The Company operates in the following four segments: (i) construction; (ii) medical; (ii) real estate development; and (iv) environmental. The construction segment designs and constructs modular structures built in the Company’s factories. In the medical segment, the Company uses its modular technology to (i) provide turnkey solutions to medical testing and treatment and generate revenue from the medical testing and point of care treatment in our medical suites and (ii) sell and lease medical suites and privacy pods. The Company’s real estate development segment consists of SG DevCorp (as defined below), our majority owned subsidiary, which builds innovative and green single or multifamily projects in underserved regions nationally using modules (“Modules”) built in one of the Company’s vertically integrated factories. The environmental segment consists of a sustainable medical and waste management solution that collects waste and treats waste for safe disposal.

The building products developed with the Company's proprietary technology and design and engineering expertise are generally stronger, more durable, environmentally sensitive, and erected in less time than traditional construction methods. The use of the Company's Modules typically provides between four to six points towards the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (“LEED”) certification levels, including reduced site disturbance, resource reuse, recycled content, innovation in design and use of local and regional materials. Due to the ability of the Modules to satisfy such requirements, the Company believes the products produced utilizing its technology and expertise is a leader in environmentally sustainable construction.

There are three core product offerings that utilize the Company's technology and engineering expertise. The first product offering involves GreenSteel™ modules, which are the structural core and shell of an SGBlocks building. The Company procures the containers, engineers required openings with structural steel enforcements, paints the SGBlocks and then delivers them on-site, where the customer or a customer’s general contractor will complete the entire finish out and installation. The second product offering involves replicating the process to create the GreenSteel product and, in addition, installing selected materials, finishes and systems (including, but not limited to floors, windows, doors, interior painting, electrical wiring and fixtures, plumbing outlets and bathrooms, roofing system) and delivering SGBlocks pre-fabricated containers to the site for a third party licensed general contractor to complete the final finish out and installation. Finally, the third product offering is the completely fabricated and finished SGBlocks building (including but not limited to floors, windows, doors, interior painting, electrical wiring and fixtures, plumbing outlets and bathrooms, roofing systems), including erecting the final unit on site and completing any other final steps. The building is ready for occupancy and/or use as soon as installation is completed. Construction administration and/or project management services are typically included in the Company's product offerings.

The Company also provides engineering and project management services related to the use and modification of Modules in construction.

Construction

During 2020, the Company formed SG Echo, LLC ("SG Echo"), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company acquired substantially all the assets of Echo DCL (“Echo”), a Texas limited liability company, except for Echo's real estate holdings for which the Company obtained a right of first refusal. Echo is a container/modular manufacturer based in Durant, Oklahoma specializing in the design and construction of permanent modular and temporary modular buildings and was one of the Company's key supply chain partners. Echo caters to the military, education, administration facilities, healthcare, government, commercial and residential customers. This acquisition has allowed the Company to expand its reach for the Modules and offer an opportunity to vertically integrate a large portion of the Company's cost of goods sold, as well as increase margins, productivity and efficiency in the areas of design, estimating, manufacturing and delivery and to become the manufacturer of the Company's core container and modular product offerings.

7

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Description of Business (continued)

Medical

As of January 2021 and through the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Chicago Airport Testing LLC (“CAT”). The Company had a variable interest in CAT as described further below. CAT is in the business of marketing, selling, distributing, leasing and otherwise commercially exploiting certain products and services in the COVID-19 testing and other medical industry. In addition, during March 2023, the Company formed Safe and Green Medical Corporation. (“SG Medical”). The Company also entered into a joint venture with Clarity Lab Solutions LLC., to provide clinical lab testing related to COVID-19 which ceased activities in 2023.

Real Estate Development

During 2021, the Company formed Safe and Green Development Corporation, formerly, SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”), as a wholly-owned by the Company. SG DevCorp was formed with the purpose of real property development utilizing the Company's technologies.  SG DevCorp has a minority interest in Norman Berry II Owners LLC and JDI-Cumberland Inlet LLC as described further below.

Environmental

During 2022, SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (“SG Environmental”) was formed and is focused on biomedical waste removal and plans to utilize a patented technology that it licenses to shred and disinfect biomedical waste, rendering the waste disinfected, unrecognizable, and of no greater risk to the public health than residential household waste. 

Reverse Stock Split

On May 2, 2024, the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of its then-outstanding common stock (“May Stock Split”). All share and per share amounts set forth in the consolidated financial statements of the Company have been retroactively restated to reflect the 1-for-20 reverse stock split as if it had occurred as of the earliest period presented and unless otherwise stated, all other share and per share amounts for all periods presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2024 have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split effected in May 2024.

2. Separation and Distribution

In December 2022, the Company and then owner of 100% of the issued and outstanding securities of SG DevCorp, announced its plan to separate the Company and SG DevCorp into two separate publicly traded companies (the “Separation”). To implement the Separation, on September 27, 2023 (the “Distribution Date”), the Company, effected a pro rata distribution to its stockholders of approximately 30% of the outstanding shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock (the “Distribution”). In connection with the Distribution, each Company stockholder received 0.930886 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock for every five (5) shares of Company common stock held as of the close of business on September 8, 2023, the record date for the Distribution, as well as a cash payment in lieu of any fractional shares. Immediately after the Distribution, SG DevCorp was no longer a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and the Company held approximately 70% of SG DevCorp’s issued and outstanding securities. On September 28, 2023, SG DevCorp’s common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SGD.”

In connection with the Separation and Distribution, SG DevCorp entered into a separation and distribution agreement and several other agreements with the Company. These agreements provide for the allocation between SG DevCorp and the Company of the assets, employees, liabilities and obligations (including, among others, investments, property, employee benefits and tax-related assets and liabilities) of the Company and its subsidiaries attributable to periods prior to, at and after the Separation and will govern the relationship between the Company and SG DevCorp subsequent to the completion of the Separation. In addition to the separation and distribution agreement, the other principal agreements entered into with the Company included a tax matters agreement and a shared services agreement.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

3. Liquidity 

As of June 30, 2024, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $1,016,784 and a backlog of $4,079,790. See Note 13 for a discussion of construction backlog. Based on its conversations with key customers, the Company anticipates its backlog to convert to revenue over the following period:  

	2024
Within 1 year	$	4,079,790
Total Backlog	$	4,079,790

The Company has incurred losses since its inception, has negative working capital of $14,912,769 as of June 30, 2024 and has negative operating cash flows, which has raised substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from the outcome of the uncertainty concerning the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company intends to meet its capital needs from revenue generated from operations and by containing costs, entering into strategic alliances, as well as exploring other options, including the possibility of raising additional debt or equity capital as necessary. There is, however, no assurance the Company will be successful in meeting its capital requirements prior to becoming cash flow positive. The Company does not have any additional sources secured for future funding, and if it is unable to raise the necessary capital at the times it requires such funding, it may need to materially change its business plan, including delaying implementation of aspects of such business plan or curtailing or abandoning such business plan altogether.

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Basis of presentation and principals of consolidation – The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 8 Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. The condensed financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 7, 2024. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial statements have been included. Results for the six months ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements - New accounting pronouncements implemented by the Company are discussed below or in the related notes, where appropriate.

Accounting estimates – The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgements and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period, together with amounts disclosed in the related notes to the financial statements. The Company's estimates used in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, accounts receivable reserves, inventory valuations, goodwill, the valuation allowance related to the Company’s deferred tax assets, the carrying amount of intangible assets, right of use assets and the recoverability and useful lives of long-lived assets. Certain of the Company’s estimates could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to the Company and general economic conditions. It is reasonably possible that these external factors could have an effect on the Company’s estimates and could cause actual results to differ from those estimates.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Operating cycle – The length of the Company’s contracts varies, but is typically between six to twelve months. In some instances, the length of the contract may exceed twelve months. Assets and liabilities relating to contracts are included in current assets and current liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying balance sheets as they will be liquidated in the normal course of contract completion, which at times could exceed one year.

Revenue recognition – The Company determines, at contract inception, whether it will transfer control of a promised good or service over time or at a point in time, regardless of the length of contract or other factors. The recognition of revenue aligns with the timing of when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps in accordance with its revenue policy: 

                (1)  Identify the contract with a customer

                (2)  Identify the performance obligations in the contract

                (3)  Determine the transaction price

                (4)  Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

                (5)  Recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied

On certain contracts, the Company applies recognition of revenue over time, which is similar to the method the Company applied under previous guidance (i.e., percentage of completion). Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is possible that estimates of costs to complete a performance obligation will be revised in the near-term. For those performance obligations for which revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method, changes in total estimated costs, and related progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions to the estimates are made. When the current estimate of total costs for a performance obligation indicates a loss, a provision for the entire estimated loss on the unsatisfied performance obligation is made in the period in which the loss becomes evident.

For product or equipment sales, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such goods, which is at a point in time. Additionally, SG DevCorp has begun to generate revenue resulting from commissions on residential real estate purchases and sales transactions. For this revenue, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such service, which his at a point in time.

Disaggregation of Revenues

The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from construction related to Modules projects. The Company's contracts are with customers in various industries. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $91,978 and $2,179,369, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2024. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $0 and $10,600,990, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $42,162 and $1,211,254, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2024. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $0 and $5,097,055, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

The following tables provide further disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by categories: 

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

	Three Months Ended June 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2024				2023
Construction and Engineering Services:
Hotel/Hospitality	$	149,961	12	%	$	10,525	—	%
Office		1,061,293	85	%		5,086,530	100	%
Subtotal		1,211,254	97	%		5,097,055	100	%
SG DevCorp sales:
Real estate commissions		42,162	3	%		—	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	1,253,416	100	%	$	5,097,055	100	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2024				2023
Construction and Engineering Services:
Hotel/Hospitality	$	181,719	8	%	$	44,201	—	%
Office		1,997,650	88	%		10,556,789	100	%
Subtotal		2,179,369	96	%		10,600,990	100	%
SG DevCorp sales:
Real estate commissions		91,978	4	%		—	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	2,271,347	100	%	$	10,600,990	100	%

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities 

Accounts receivable are recognized in the period when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. Accounts receivable are recognized net of an allowance for credit losses. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the likelihood of realization of receivables.

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. 

Contract assets include unbilled amounts from long-term construction services when revenue recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress exceeds the amounts invoiced to customers, as the amounts cannot be billed under the terms of the Company’s contracts. Such amounts are recoverable from customers based upon various measures of performance, including achievement of certain milestones, completion of specified units or completion of a contract. Contract assets are generally classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Contract liabilities from construction and engineering contracts occur when amounts invoiced to customers exceed revenues recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress. Contract liabilities additionally include advanced payments from customers on certain contracts. Contract liabilities decrease as the Company recognizes revenue from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation. Contract liabilities are generally classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Although the Company believes it has established adequate procedures for estimating costs to complete on open contracts, it is at least reasonably possible that additional significant costs could occur on contracts prior to completion. The Company periodically evaluates and revises its estimates and makes adjustments when they are considered necessary.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Business Combinations - The Company accounts for business acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805 “Business Combinations”, which requires recognition and measurement of all identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair value as of the date control is obtained. The Company determines the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon its best estimates of the acquisition-date fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. Subsequent adjustments to fair value of any contingent consideration are recorded to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Costs that the Company incurs to complete the business combination are charged to general and administrative expenses as they are incurred.

For acquisitions of assets that do not constitute a business, any assets and liabilities acquired are recognized at their cost based upon their relative fair value of all asset and liabilities acquired. 

Variable Interest Entities – The Company accounts for certain legal entities as variable interest entities (“VIE”). When evaluating a VIE for consolidation, the Company must determine whether or not there is a variable interest in the entity. Variable interests are investments or other interests that absorb portions of an entity’s expected losses or receive portions of the entity’s expected returns. If it is determined that the Company does not have a variable interest in the VIE, no further analysis is required and the VIE is not consolidated. If the Company holds a variable interest in a VIE, the Company consolidates the VIE when there is a controlling financial interest in the VIE and therefore are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. The Company is determined to have a controlling financial interest in a VIE when it has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to that VIE. This determination is evaluated periodically as facts and circumstances change.

On August 27, 2020, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Clarity Lab Solutions, LLC (“Clarity Labs”) (the “JV”).  In consideration and subject to Clarity Lab’s services and commitments and provided the agreement remains valid and in force, and is not terminated, the Company agreed to issue 200,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock over a defined vesting period starting in December 1, 2020. The restricted shares of the Company's common stock were not issued to Clarity Labs as certain capital commitments were not met. Clarity Labs is a licensed clinical laboratory that uses specialized molecular testing equipment and that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of critical diseases, including COVID-19. Clarity Labs was also engaged in the business of manufacturing, importing and distributing various medical tests. Under the JV, the Company and Clarity Labs were to jointly market, sell, and distribute certain products and services (“Clarity Mobile Venture”). The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of Clarity Mobile Venture and has thus consolidated the activities in its consolidated financial statements. Due to the ongoing lower affects of COVID-19 restrictions, the JV was wound down during the fourth quarter of 2022.

On January 18, 2021, the Company entered into an operating agreement to form CAT. The purpose of CAT is to market, sell, distribute, lease and otherwise commercially exploit certain products and services in the COVID-19 testing industry.  The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of CAT and has thus consolidated the activities in its consolidated financial statements. 

Investment Entities – On May 31, 2021, the Company's subsidiary SG DevCorp agreed to contribute $600,000 to acquire a 50% membership interest in Norman Berry II Owner LLC (“Norman Berry”).  The Company contributed $350,329 and $114,433 of the initial $600,000 in the second quarter and third quarter of 2021, respectively, with the remaining $135,238 funded in the fourth quarter of 2021. The purpose of Norman Berry II Owner LLC is to develop and provide affordable housing in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area.  The Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary of "Norman Berry" and thus will not consolidate the activities in its consolidated financial statements. The Company will use the equity method to report the activities as an investment in its consolidated financial statements. 

On June 24, 2021, the Company's subsidiary, SG DevCorp, entered into an operating agreement with Jacoby Development for a 10% non-dilutable equity interest for JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC (“Cumberland”). The Company contributed $3,000,000 for its 10% equity interest. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company contributed an additional $25,000. The purpose of JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC is to develop a waterfront parcel in a mixed-use destination community.  The Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary of JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC and thus will not consolidate the activities in its consolidated financial statements. The Company will use the equity method to report the activities as an investment in its consolidated financial statements.

During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, Norman Berry and Cumberland did not have any material earnings or losses as the investments are in development. In addition, management believes there was no impairment as of June 30, 2024.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

The approximate combined financial position of the Company’s equity affiliates is summarized below as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

Condensed balance sheet information:	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Total assets	$	39,975,000	$	39,800,000
Total liabilities	$	9,800,000	$	9,700,000
Members’ equity	$	30,175,000	$	30,100,000

Cash and cash equivalents – The Company considers cash and cash equivalents to include all short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and have original maturities of three months or less upon acquisition. Cash and cash equivalents totaled $1,016,784 and $17,448 as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Short-term investment – The Company classifies investments consisting of a certificate of deposit with a maturity greater than three months but less than one year as short-term investment.  The Company had no short-term investment as of June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023, respectively. 

Accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses – Accounts receivable are receivables generated from sales to customers and progress billings on performance type contracts. Amounts included in accounts receivable are deemed to be collectible within the Company’s operating cycle. The Company recognizes accounts receivable at invoiced amounts. 

The Company adopted ASC 326, Current Expected Credit Losses, on January 1, 2023, which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses using a current expected credit loss model. The allowance for credit losses on expected future uncollectible accounts receivable is estimated considering forecasts of future economic conditions in addition to information about past events and current conditions.

The allowance for credit losses reflects the Company’s best estimate of expected losses inherent in the accounts receivable balances. Management provides an allowance for credit losses based on the Company’s historical losses, specific customer circumstances, and general economic conditions. Periodically, management reviews accounts receivable and adjusts the allowance based on current circumstances and charges off uncollectible receivables when all attempts to collect have been exhausted and the prospects for recovery are remote. Recoveries are recognized when they are received. Actual collection losses may differ from the Company’s estimates and could be material to its consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

The Company accounts for the transfer of accounts receivable to a third party under a factoring type arrangement in accordance with ASC 860, “Transfers and Servicing”. ASC 860 requires that several conditions be met in order to present the transfer of accounts receivable as a sale. In the case of factoring type arrangements, the Company has isolated the transferred (sold) assets and has the legal right to transfer its assets (accounts receivable).

Inventory – Raw construction materials (primarily shipping containers and fabrication materials) are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Finished goods and work-in-process inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the specific identification method. Medical equipment and COVID-19 test and testing supplies are valued at the lower of cost, (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was inventory of $223,402 and $156,512, respectively, for construction materials. 

Goodwill – The Company performs its impairment test of goodwill at the reporting unit level each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its reporting unit below its carrying values. The Company performs a goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value and recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill. The amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, if any, is recognized as an impairment loss. There were no impairments during the six months ended June 30, 2024 or 2023.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Intangible assets – Intangible assets consist of $68,344 of trademarks, and $27,510 of website costs that are being amortized over 5 years. The Company evaluated intangible assets for impairment during the year ended December 31, 2023 and determined that there was an $1,880,547 impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 relating to intangible assets of proprietary knowledge and technology. The amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $6,834 and $47,291, respectively. The accumulated amortization as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $56,558 and $2,852,929, respectively. The remaining balance of the Company’ intangible assets is comprised of software development costs which are not yet placed in service.

Property, plant and equipment – Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of each asset. Estimated useful lives for significant classes of assets are as follows: computer and software 3 to 5 years, furniture and other equipment 5 to 7 years, automobiles 2 to 5 years, buildings held for lease 5 to 7 years, and equipment 5 to 29 years. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. 

Held For Sale Assets – On May 10, 2021, the Company's subsidiary, SG DevCorp, acquired the Lago Vista, Texas property for $3,576,130. Management has implemented a plan to sell this property during 2022, which meets all of the criteria required to classify it as Held for Sale. Including the project development costs associated with Lago Vista of $824,231, the book value is now $4,400,361. 

On April 25, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a Commercial Contract (the “Contract of Sale”) with Lithe Development Inc., a Texas corporation (“Lithe”), to sell the Lago Vista Property for $5.825 million. The Contract of Sale provides that the closing of the sale to Lithe of the Lago Vista Property is expected to occur after a 70-day due diligence period and a subsequent 30-day closing period.

Convertible instruments – The Company bifurcates conversion options from their host instruments and accounts for them as free standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument.

Common stock purchase warrants and other derivative financial instruments – The Company classifies as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or (ii) provides a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in the Company’s own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) providing that such contracts are indexed to the Company’s own stock. The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if any event occurs and if that event is outside the Company’s control) or (ii) gives the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement shares (physical settlement or net-cash settlement). The Company assesses classification of common stock purchase warrants and other free standing derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities or equity is required.

Fair value measurements – Financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are carried at cost, which the Company believes approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

The Company uses three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1	Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2	Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable.
Level 3	Inputs that are unobservable (for example, cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions).

Transfer into and transfers out of the hierarchy levels are recognized as if they had taken place at the end of the reporting period. 

Share-based payments – The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For employees and directors, including non-employee directors, the fair value of a stock option award is measured on the grant date. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense on a graded-vesting basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of each award. Stock-based compensation expense to employees and all directors are reported within payroll and related expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Stock-based compensation expense to non-employees is reported within marketing and business development expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Income taxes – The Company accounts for income taxes utilizing the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes generally represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from the differences between the financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted.

The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on the Company’s estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when the liabilities are no longer determined to be necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, a further charge to expense would result. 

Concentrations of credit risk – Financial instruments, that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash with high credit quality institutions. At times, such amounts may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such account and believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on the account. 
 

With respect to receivables, concentrations of credit risk are limited to a few customers in the construction industry. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and, generally, requires no collateral from its customers other than normal lien rights. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 100% of the Company’s gross accounts receivable were due from four and three customers, respectively.

Revenue relating to three and two customers represented approximately 73% and 96%, respectively, of the Company's total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Revenue relating to four and one customers represented approximately 88% and 96% of the Company's total revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

There were no vendors representing 10% or more of the Company’s total cost of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. The Company believes it has access to alternative suppliers, with limited disruption to the business, should circumstances change with its existing suppliers. 

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

5. Accounts Receivable

At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s accounts receivable consisted of the following: 

	2024			2023
Billed:
Construction services	$	495,743		$	819,887
Total gross receivables		495,743			819,887
Less: allowance for credit losses		(131,388	)		(637,134	)
Total net receivables	$	364,355		$	182,753

Receivables are evaluated for collectability and allowances for potential losses are established or maintained on applicable receivables. 

6. Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

Costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts, which represent contract assets and contract liabilities, consisted of the following at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	2024			2023
Costs incurred on uncompleted contracts	$	1,300,383		$	20,213,733
Provision for loss on uncompleted contracts		—			—
Estimated earnings to date on uncompleted contracts		(376,181	)		(968,040	)
Gross contract assets		924,202			19,245,693
Less: billings to date		(2,548,595	)		(20,601,946	)
Net contract assets/(liabilities) on uncompleted contracts	$	(1,624,393	)	$	(1,356,253	)

The above amounts are included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets under the following captions at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. 

	2024			2023
Contract assets	$	113,001		$	10,745
Contract liabilities		(1,737,394	)		(1,366,998	)
Net contract liabilities	$	(1,624,393	)	$	(1,356,253	)

Although management believes it has established adequate procedures for estimating costs to complete on open contracts, it is at least reasonably possible that additional significant costs could occur on contracts prior to completion. The Company periodically evaluates and revises its estimates and makes adjustments when they are considered necessary.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

7. Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization and depreciated using the straight-line method over their useful lives. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following: 

	2024			2023
Computer equipment and software	$	103,327		$	102,325
Furniture and other equipment		271,798			271,798
Leasehold improvements		15,400			17,280
Equipment and machinery		952,571			943,464
Automobiles		4,638			4,638
Building held for leases		196,416			196,416
Land		1,190,655			1,190,655
Building		969,188			969,188
Construction in progress		2,397,659			2,397,659
Property, plant and equipment		6,101,652			6,093,423
Less: accumulated depreciation		(596,056	)		(511,022	)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	5,505,596		$	5,582,401

Depreciation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $42,297 and $92,771, respectively. Depreciation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $85,034 and $184,964 respectively.

8. Notes Receivable 

On January 21, 2020, pursuant to that certain Loan Agreement and Promissory Note, dated October 3, 2019 (the “CPF GP Loan Agreement”), as amended on October 15, 2019 and November 7, 2019, by and between CPF GP 2019-1 LLC (“CPF GP”) and the Company, CPF GP issued to the Company a promissory note in the principal amount of $400,000 (the “Company Note”) and issued to Paul Galvin, the Company’s Chairman and CEO, a promissory note in the principal amount of $100,000 (the “Galvin Note”).  The Company Note and Galvin Note bear interest at five percent (5%) per annum, payable, together with the unpaid principal amount of the promissory notes, on the earlier of the July 31, 2023 maturity date or upon the liquidation, redemption sale or issuance of a dividend upon CPF GP’s limited liability company interests in CPF MF 2019-1 LLC, a Texas limited liability company of which CPF GP is the general partner (“CPF MF”); provided, that the terms of the Galvin Note provide that all interest payments due to Mr. Galvin under the Galvin Note shall be paid directly to, and for the benefit of, the Company.During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Galvin Note was assigned to the Company and the principal amount of $100,000 was paid to Mr. Galvin.

On April 15, 2020, pursuant to the CPF GP Loan Agreement, CPF GP issued to the Company a promissory note in the principal amount of $250,000 (the “Company Note 2”). The Company Note 2 bears interest at five percent (5%) per annum, payable, together with the unpaid principal amount of the promissory notes, on the earlier of the July 31, 2023 maturity date or upon the liquidation, redemption sale or issuance of a dividend upon CPF GP’s limited liability company interests in CPF MF.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company determined that the Company Note, the Galvin Note and the Company Note 2 were not collectible and recorded bad debts for the outstanding amounts, which resulted in a write off of principal of $750,000 and accrued interest of $129,418 during 2023. 

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable

Lago Vista (“LV”) Note

On July 14, 2021, SG DevCorp issued a Real Estate Lien Note, in the principal amount of $2,000,000 (the “Short-Term Note”), secured by a Deed of Trust, dated July 14, 2021, on the Company’s 50 plus acre Lake Travis project site in Lago Vista, Texas and a related Assignment of Leases and Rents, dated July 8, 2021, for net loan proceeds of approximately  $1,948,234 after fees. The Short-Term Note has a term of one (1) year, provides for payments of interest only at a rate of twelve percent (12%) per annum and may be prepaid without penalty commencing nine (9) months after its issuance date. If the Short-Term Note is prepaid prior to nine (9) months after its issuance date, a 0.5% prepayment penalty is due. On July 14, 2022, the Company entered into a renewal and extension of the Short-Term Note, with a maturity date of January 14, 2023 and all other terms remaining the same.

On September 8,2022, the Company entered into a Second Real Estate Lien Note, in the principal amount of $500,000, with similar terms to the Short-Term Note (the “Second Short-Term Note”). The Second Short-Term Note has a maturity date of January 14, 2023.

On March 31, 2023, LV Peninsula Holding LLC (“LV Peninsula”), a Texas limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of SG DevCorp, pursuant to a Loan Agreement, dated March 30, 2023 (the “LV Peninsula Loan Agreement”), by and between LV Peninsula and Austerra Stable Growth Fund, LP (“Austerra”), issued a promissory note to Austerra in the principal amount of $5,000,000 (the “LV Note”), secured by a Deed of Trust and Security Agreement, dated March 30, 2023, on the Lake Travis project site in Lago Vista, Texas, a related Assignment of Contract Rights, dated March 30, 2023, on the project site in Lago Vista, Texas and McLean site in Durant, Oklahoma and a Mortgage, dated March 30, 2023 (“Mortgage”), on its site in Durant, Oklahoma.

The proceeds of the LV Note were used to pay off the Short-Term Note and Second Short-Term Note. The LV Note requires monthly installments of interest only and bears interest at the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (8.0% as of June 30, 2024) plus five and 50/100 percent (5.5%), equaling 13.5% as of June 30, 2024; provided that in no event will the interest rate be less than a floor rate of 13.5%. The LV Peninsula obligations under the LV Note have been guaranteed by SG DevCorp pursuant to a Guaranty, dated March 30, 2023 (the “Guaranty”), and may be prepaid by LV Peninsula at any time without interest or penalty. The Company incurred $406,825 of debt issuance costs and remitted $675,000 in prepaid interest in connection with the LV Note. The LV Note had an original maturity date of April 1, 2024. On April 3, 2024, LV Peninsula, entered into a Modification and Extension Agreement, effective as of April 1, 2024 (the “Extension Agreement”), to extend to April 1, 2025 the maturity date of the LV Note. As consideration for the Extension Agreement, LV Peninsula agreed to pay an extension fee of $50,000. Additionally, the Extension Agreement provides for the LV Note’s interest rate to be increased to a fixed rate of 17.00%. In addition, pursuant to a loan agreement dated April 3, 2024 (the “2nd Lien Loan Agreement”), LV Peninsula issued a promissory note, in the principal amount of $1,000,000 (the “2nd Lien Note”), secured by a revised Deed of Trust and Security Agreement, dated April 3, 2024 (the “Revised Deed of Trust”) on the Company’s Lago Vista site, a Modification to Real Estate Mortgage, dated April 3, 2024 (“Mortgage Modification”), to the mortgage, dated March 30, 2023, on SG DevCorp’s McLean site in Durant, Oklahoma,. The 2nd Lien Note is subordinate to the LV Note. The 2nd Lien Note requires monthly installments of interest only, is due in full on April 1, 2025, bears interest at fixed rate of 17.00% and may be prepaid by LV Peninsula at any time without interest or penalty. LV Peninsula’s obligations under the 2nd Lien Note have been guaranteed by the SG DevCorp pursuant to a Guaranty, dated April 3, 2024.

Authority Loan Agreement

On October 29, 2021, SG Echo entered into a Loan Agreement (the “Authority Loan Agreement”) with the Durant Industrial Authority (the “Authority”) pursuant to which it issued to the Authority a non-interest bearing Forgivable Promissory Note in the principal amount of $750,000 (the “Forgivable Note”) in exchange for $750,000 to be used for renovation improvements related to the Company’s approximately 58,000 square-foot manufacturing facility in Durant, Oklahoma. The Forgivable Note is due on April 29, 2029 and guaranteed by the Company, provided that, if no event of default has occurred under the Forgivable Note or the Authority Loan Agreement, one-third (1/3) of the balance of the Forgivable Note will be forgiven on April 29, 2027, one-half (1/2) of the balance of the Forgivable Note will be forgiven on April 29, 2028, and the remainder of the balance of the Forgivable Note will be forgiven on April 29, 2029. The Loan Agreement includes a covenant by SG Echo to employ a minimum of 75 full-time employees in Durant, Oklahoma and pay them no less than 1.5 times the federal minimum wage, and provides SG Echo 24 months to comply with the provision.

St. Mary’s Site Promissory Note

In August 2022, SG DevCorp entered into a $148,300 promissory note (the “2022 Note”) with a lender in connection with the purchase of approximately 27 acres of land adjacent to the Cumberland Inlet Project from the Camden County Joint Development Authority. The 2022 Note bears annual interest at the rate of 9.75%, with interest payments due  monthly until its maturity on September 1, 2023.The 2022 Note is secured by the underlying property. During the year ended December 31, 2023, such note was extended for a period of one year. During March 2024, the note was modified and the principal amount was increased to $200,000.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

Peak One Transactions

On February 7, 2023, the Company closed a private placement offering (the “Peak One Offering”) of $1,100,000 in principal amount of the Company’s 8% convertible debenture (the “Debenture”) and a warrant (the “Peak Warrant”) to purchase up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (25,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), to Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”). Pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated February 7, 2023 (the “February 2023 Purchase Agreement”), by and between the Company and Peak One, the Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $1,000,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%).  During the year ended December 31, 2023, Peak One converted $730,000 of its principal balance into 508,917 shares of common stock of the Company (25,446 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split). Such conversion was within the terms of the agreement with no gains or losses recognized on the transactions.

In connection with the Peak One Offering, the Company paid $15,000 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by February 2023 Purchase Agreement and issued 50,000 shares (2,500 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split) of its common stock (the “Commitment Shares”) to Peak One Investments, LLC (“Peak One Investments”), the general partner of Peak One.

The Debenture matured twelve months from its date of issuance and bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The Debenture was convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of the Company equal to the principal amount of the Debenture plus all accrued and unpaid interest at a conversion price equal to $1.50 (the “Conversion Price”) ($30 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events and in the event the Company, at any time while the Debenture is outstanding, issues, sells or grants any option to purchase, or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of, or issues common stock or other securities convertible into, exercisable for, or otherwise entitle any person the right to acquire, shares of common stock, other than with respect to an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Debenture), at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Conversion Price. In the event of any such anti-dilutive event, the Conversion Price will be reduced at the option of the holder to such lower effective price of the dilutive event, subject to a floor price of $0.40 ($8 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), per share, unless and until the Company obtains shareholder approval for any issuance below such floor price.

During the year ended December 31, 2023 and during the six months ended June 30, 2024, Peak One converted the Debenture in full and received a total of 49,188 shares of the Company’s common stock.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

The Peak Warrant expires five years from its date of issuance. The Peak Warrant is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 500,000 of shares of common stock (25,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split) of the Company at an exercise price equal to $2.25 (the “Exercise Price”) ($45 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events and in the event the Company, at any time while the Peak Warrant is outstanding, issues, sells or grants any option to purchase, or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of, or issues common stock or other securities convertible into, exercisable for, or otherwise entitle any person the right to acquire, shares of common stock, other than with respect to an Exempt Issuance, at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Exercise Price. In the event of any such anti-dilutive event, the Exercise Price will be reduced at the option of the holder to such lower effective price of the dilutive event, subject to a floor price of $0.40 per share, unless and until the Company obtains shareholder approval for any issuance below such floor price.

The number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued upon conversion of the Debenture and exercise of the Peak Warrant, and inclusive of the Commitment Shares and any shares issuable under and in respect of the February 2023 Purchase Agreement, is subject to an exchange cap (the “Exchange Cap”) of 19.99% of the outstanding number of shares of the Corporation’s common stock on the closing date, 2,760,675 shares (138,034 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), unless shareholder approval to exceed the Exchange Cap is approved.

The Company incurred $80,000 in debt issuance costs in connection with the Debenture. In addition, the initial fair value of the Peak Warrant amounted to $278,239 and the fair value of the restricted shares amounted to $76,000, both of which have been recorded as a debt discount and will be amortized over the effective rate method.

On November 30, 2023, SG DevCorp entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “November 2023 Purchase Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which SG DevCorp agreed to issue, in a private placement offering (the “November SGD Offering”) upon the satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the November 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement two debentures to Peak One in the aggregate principal amount of $1,200,000. The closing of the first tranche was consummated on November 30, 2023, and SG DevCorp issued an 8% convertible debenture in principal amount of $700,000 (the “Peak One Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “SGD Warrant #1”) to purchase up to 350,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the November 2023 Purchase Agreement. The Peak One Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $630,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the November Offering, v paid $17,500 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by the November 2023 Purchase Agreement and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 100,000 shares of its common stock as described in the November 2023 Purchase Agreement.

Under the November 2023 Purchase Agreement, a closing of the second tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCorp and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the November 2023 Purchase Agreement at any time after January 29, 2024, upon which SG DevCorp would issue and sell to Peak One on the same terms and conditions a second 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $500,000.00 for a purchase price of $450,000, representing an original issue discount of 10%. On February 15, 2024, SG DevCorp, entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the November 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement. The Amendment provides that the second tranche be separated into two tranches (the second and third tranche) wherein which SG DevCorp would issue in each tranche an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $250,000 at a purchase price of $225,000. In addition, the Amendment provides that SG DevCorp will issue (i) 35,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock on the closing of each of the second tranche and the third tranche as follows: 17,500 shares of common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment and 17,500 shares of common stock to Peak One, as a commitment fee in connection with the issuance of the second debenture and the third debenture, respectively; (ii) a common stock purchase warrant to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment for the purchase of 125,000 shares of common stock on the closing of each of the second tranche and the third tranche; and (iii) pay $6,500 of Peak One’s non-accountable fees in connection with each of the second tranche and the third tranche.

The closing of the second tranche was consummated on February 16, 2024 and SG DevCorp issued an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $250,000 (the “Second Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “SGD Warran #2t”) to purchase up to 125,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment. The Second Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $225,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the second tranche, SG DevCorp paid $6,500 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the second tranche and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 35,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock as described in the Amendment.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

The Second Debenture matures twelve months from its date of issuance and bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The Second Debenture is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of SG DevCorp equal to the principal amount of the Second Debenture plus all accrued and unpaid interest at a conversion price equal to $2.14, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Second Debenture.

The Second Debenture is redeemable by SG DevCorp at a redemption price equal to 110% of the sum of the principal amount to be redeemed plus accrued interest, if any. While the Second Debenture is outstanding, if SG DevCorp receives cash proceeds of more than $1,500,000.00 (the “November 2023 SPA Minimum Threshold”) in the aggregate from any source or series of related or unrelated sources, SG DevCorp shall, within two business days of SG DevCorp’s receipt of such proceeds, inform the holder of such receipt, following which the holder shall have the right in its sole discretion to require SG DevCorp to immediately apply up to 50% of all proceeds received by SG DevCorp (from any source except with respect to proceeds from the issuance of equity or debt to officers and directors of SG DevCorp) after the November 2023 SPA Minimum Threshold is reached to repay the outstanding amounts owed under the Second Debenture.

The Second Debenture contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs, until it is cured, Peak One may increase the interest rate applicable to the Second Debenture to the lesser of eighteen percent (18%) per annum and the maximum interest rate allowable under applicable law and accelerate the full indebtedness under the Second Debenture, in an amount equal to 110% of the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest. The Second Debenture prohibits SG DevCorp from entering into a Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Second Debenture) until the Second Debenture is paid in full.

The SGD Warrant #2 expires five years from its date of issuance. The SGD Warrant #2 is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 125,000 shares of common stock of SG DevCorp at an exercise price equal to $2.53, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the SGD Warrant #2. The SGD Warrant #2 provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances.

Under the Amendment, a closing of the third tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCorp and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the November 2023 Purchase Agreement at any time after April 16, 2024.

Maxim acted as placement agent in connection with the November Offering. In connection with the closing of the second tranche, SG DevCorp paid a placement fee of $13,500 to Maxim. Assuming the third tranche is closed, a placement fee in an amount equal to $13,500 will be payable by SG DevCorp to Maxim upon closing of the third tranche.

On January 11, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “January 2024 Purchase Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue, in a private placement offering (the “January Offering”), upon the satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the January 2024 Purchase Agreement, two debentures to Peak One in the aggregate principal amount of $1,300,000.

The closing of the first tranche was consummated on January 12, 2024 and the Company issued an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $650,000 (the “Holdings Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “Peak Warrant #3”) to purchase up to 375,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) to Peak One’s designee, as described in the January 2024 Purchase Agreement. The Holdings Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $585,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the January Offering, the Company paid $17,500 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by the January 2024 Purchase Agreement and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate of 300,000 shares of its common stock 15,000 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) as provided in the January 2024 Purchase Agreement.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

The Holdings Debenture matures twelve months from its date of issuance and bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The Holdings Debenture is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of the Company equal to the principal amount of the Holdings Debenture, plus all accrued and unpaid interest, at a conversion price equal to $0.46 (the “Conversion Price”) ($9.20 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Holdings Debenture.

The Holdings Debenture is redeemable by the Company at a redemption price equal to 110% of the sum of the principal amount to be redeemed plus accrued interest, if any. While the Holdings Debenture is outstanding, if the Company receives cash proceeds of more than $1,500,000 (the “January 2024 SPA Minimum Threshold”) in the aggregate from any source or series of related or unrelated sources, the Company shall, within two (2) business days of the Company’s receipt of such proceeds, inform Peak One of such receipt, following which Peak One shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to require the Company to immediately apply up to 50% of all proceeds received by the Company (from any source except with respect to proceeds from the issuance of equity or debt to officers and directors of the Company) after the January 2024 SPA Minimum Threshold is reached to repay the outstanding amounts owed under the Debenture.

The Peak Warrant #3 expires five years from its date of issuance. The Peak Warrant #3 is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 375,000 of shares of common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split)  of the Company at an exercise price equal to $0.53 ($10.60 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Peak Warrant #3. The Peak Warrant #3 provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances.

Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) acted as placement agent in the January Offering. In connection with the closing of the first tranche of the January Offering, the Company paid a placement fee of $40,950 to Maxim. Assuming the second tranche is closed, a placement fee in an amount equal to $40,950 will be payable by the Company to Maxim upon closing of the second tranche of the January Offering.

On April 29, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated April 29, 2024 (the “April 2024 Purchase Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which SG DevCorp agreed to issue, in a private placement offering upon the satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the April 2024 Purchase Agreement, three Debentures to Peak One in the aggregate principal amount of $1,200,000. The closing of the first tranche was consummated on April 29, 2024 and SG DevCorp issued an 8% convertible debenture in principal amount of $350,000 (the “First 2024 Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “First 2024 Warrant”) to purchase up to 262,500 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the April 2024 Purchase Agreement. The First 2024 Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $315,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the first tranche, SG DevCorp paid $10,000 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 80,000 shares of its common stock as commitment shares.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

The First 2024 Debenture matures twelve months from its date of issuance and bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The First 2024 Debenture is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of SG DevCorp equal to the principal amount of the First 2024 Debenture plus all accrued and unpaid interest at a conversion price equal to $0.70, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price of $0.165.

The First 2024 Debenture is redeemable by SG DevCorp at a redemption price equal to 110% of the sum of the principal amount to be redeemed plus accrued interest, if any. While the First 2024 First Debenture contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs, until it is cured, Peak One may increase the interest rate applicable to the First 2024 Debenture to the lesser of eighteen percent (18%) per annum and the maximum interest rate allowable under applicable law and accelerate the full indebtedness under the First 2024 Debenture, in an amount equal to 110% of the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest. Subject to limited exceptions set forth in the First 2024 Debenture, the First 2024 Debenture prohibits the Company from entering into a Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the First 2024 Debenture) or incurring any new indebtedness that is senior to the First 2024 Debenture or secured by the assets of the Company until the First 2024 Debenture is paid in full.

The First 2024 Warrant expires five years from its date of issuance. The First 2024 Warrant is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 262,500 of shares of common stock of SG DevCorp at an exercise price equal to $0.76, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price of $0.165. The First 2024 Warrant provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances.

Under the April 2024 Purchase Agreement, a closing of the second tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCorp and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement at any time after June 28, 2024, upon which the Company would issue and sell to Peak One on the same terms and conditions a second 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $350,000 and issue to Peak One’s designee on the same terms and conditions a second warrant to purchase up to 262,500 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock. The second debenture would be sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $315,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the second tranche, the Company will pay $10,000 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs and will issue to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 80,000 shares as commitment shares.

Under the April 2024 Purchase Agreement, a closing of the third tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCorp and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement at any time after 60 days after the closing of the second tranche, upon which SG DevCorp would issue and sell to Peak One on the same terms and conditions a third 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $500,000. and issue to Peak One’s designee on the same terms and conditions a third warrant ) to purchase up to 375,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock. The third debenture would be sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $450,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the third tranche, SG DevCorp will pay $10,000 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs and will issue to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 100,000 shares as commitment shares.

Cash Advance Agreements

On May 16, 2023, SG Building entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the "Cash Advance Agreement”) with Cedar Advance LLC (“Cedar”), pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $710,500 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $500,000. Cedar is expected to withdraw $25,375 a week directly from SG Building until the $710,500 due to Cedar is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo.SG Building incurred $25,000 in debt issuance costs in connection with the Cash Advance Agreement. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was no outstanding balance on this advance.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

On September 26, 2023, SG Building and Cedar entered into a second Cash Advance Agreement (the “Second Cash Advance Agreement”) pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $1,171,500 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $825,000. Cedar is expected to withdraw $41,800 a week directly from SG Building, until the $1,171,500 due to Cedar is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Second Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Second Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Second Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the outstanding balance was $0 and $424,454 on this advance, respectively.

On November 20, 2023, SG Building entered into a third Cash Advance Agreement (the “Third Cash Advance Agreement”) with Cedar pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $511,200 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $360,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided of $342,200. Cedar is expected to withdraw $20,300 a week directly from SG Building until the $511,200 due to Cedar under the Third Cash Advance Agreement is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Third Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Third Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building ’s obligations under the Third Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the outstanding balance was $0 and $302,817 on this advance, respectively.

On January 5, 2024, SG Building and SG Echo (together with SG Building, the “Merchants”) entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the “January Cash Advance Agreement”) with Maison Capital Group (“Maison”) pursuant to which the Merchants sold to Maison $300,000 of their future receivables for a purchase price of $200,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided of $190,000.

Pursuant to the January Cash Advance Agreement, Maison is expected to withdraw $12,500 a week directly from the Merchants until the $300,000 due to Maison under the January Cash Advance Agreement is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the January Cash Advance Agreement), Maison, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the January Cash Advance Agreement. The Merchants’ obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement are secured by a security interest in all accounts, including without limitation, all deposit accounts, accounts-receivable, and other receivables, chattel paper, documents, equipment, general intangibles, instruments, and inventory, as those terms are defined by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, now or hereafter owned or acquired by any of them. In addition, SG Building’s obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo, and SG Echo’s obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Building Blocks. The amounts outstanding under the January Cash Advance Agreement may be prepaid by the Merchants at any time without penalty.

On January 29, 2024, SG Building entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the “Fourth Cash Advance Agreement” and, together with the Cash Advance Agreement, the Second Cash Advance Agreement and the Third Cash Advance Agreement, the “Cedar Cash Advance Agreements”) with Cedar pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $1,733,420 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $1,180,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid and the repayment of prior amounts due Cedar, for net funds provided of $215,575.

Pursuant to the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement, Cedar is expected to withdraw $49,150 a week directly from SG Building until the $1,733,420 due to Cedar under the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo.

On February 23, 2024, the Merchants entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (“February Cash Advance Agreement”) with Bridgecap Advance LLC (“Bridgecap”) pursuant to which the Merchants sold to Bridgecap $224,850 of their future receivables for a purchase price of $150,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided of $135,000.

Pursuant to the February Cash Advance Agreement, Bridgecap is expected to withdraw $2,248.50 a day directly from the Merchants until the $224,850 due to Bridgecap under the February Cash Advance Agreement is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the February Cash Advance Agreement), Bridgecap, among other remedies (including penalties and fees) can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the February Cash Advance Agreement. The Merchants’ obligations under the February Cash Advance Agreement are secured by a security interest in all accounts, including without limitation, all deposit accounts, accounts-receivable, other receivables, and proceeds therefrom, as those terms are defined by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, now or hereafter owned or acquired by any of them. The amounts outstanding under the February Cash Advance Agreement may be prepaid by the Merchants at any time without penalty.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

SouthStar Secured Note

In connection with the exercise of its option to acquire 19 acres of land and the approximately 56,775 square foot facility located at 101 Waldron Road in Durant Oklahoma (the “Premises”), on June 8, 2023, SG Echo issued a secured commercial promissory note, dated June 1, 2023 (the “Secured Note”), in the principal amount of $1,750,000 with SouthStar Financial, LLC, a South Carolina limited liability company (“SouthStar”), and entered into a Non-Recourse Factoring and Security Agreement, dated June 1, 2023 (the “Factoring Agreement”), with SouthStar providing for its purchase from SG Echo of up to $1,500,000 of accounts receivable, subject to reduction by South Star (the “Facility Amount”).

The Secured Note bears Interest at 23% per annum and is due and payable on June 1, 2025. The Secured Note is secured by a mortgage (the “Mortgage”) on the Premises and secured by a Security Agreement, dated June 1, 2023 (the “Security Agreement”), pursuant to which SG Echo granted to SouthStar first priority security interest in all of SG Echo’s presently-owned and hereafter-acquired personal and fixture property, wherever located, including, without limitation, all accounts, goods, chattel paper, inventory, equipment, instruments, investment property, documents, deposit accounts, commercial tort claims, letters-of-credit rights, general intangibles including payment intangibles, patents, software trademarks, trade names, customer lists, supporting obligations, all proceeds and products of the foregoing. SG Echo paid to SouthStar an origination fee in the amount of 3% of the face amount of the Secured Note. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Secured Note), the default interest rate will be 28% per annum, or the maximum legal amount provided by law, whichever is greater.

The Factoring Agreement provides that upon acceptance of an account receivable for purchase, SouthStar will pay to SG Echo eighty percent (80%) of the face amount of the account receivable, or such lesser percentage as agreed by the parties. SG Echo will also pay to SouthStar one and 95/100 percent (1.95%) of the face amount of the accounts receivable for the first twenty-five (25) day period after payment for the accounts receivable is transmitted to SouthStar plus one and 25/100 percent (1.25%) for each additional fifteen (15) day period or part thereof, calculated from the date of purchase until payments received by SouthStar in collected funds on the purchased accounts receivable equals the purchase price of the accounts receivable, plus all charges due SouthStar from SG Echo at the time. An additional one and 50/100 percent (1.50%) per fifteen (15) day period will be charged for invoices exceeding sixty (60) days from advance date. The Factoring Agreement provides that SG Echo may require additional funding from SouthStar (an “Overadvance”) and SouthStar may provide the Overadvance in its sole discretion. In the event of an Overadvance, SG Echo will pay SouthStar an amount equal to three and 90/100 percent (3.90%) of the amount of the Overadvance for the first twenty-five (25) day period after the Overadvance is transmitted to SouthStar plus two and 50/100 percent (2.50%) for each additional fifteen (15) day period or part thereof until payments received by SouthStar in collected funds equals the amount of the Overadvance, plus all charges due SouthStar from SG Echo at the time.

The Factoring Agreement provides that SG Echo will also pay a transactional administrative fee of $50.00 for each new account debtor submitted to it and a fee equal to 0.25% of the face amount of all purchased accounts receivable for the handling, collecting, mailing, quality assuring, insuring the risk, transmitting, and performing certain data processing services with respect to the maintenance and servicing of the purchased accounts.

As security for the payment and performance of SG Echo’s present and future obligations to SouthStar under the Factoring Agreement, SG Echo granted to SouthStar a first priority security interest in all of SG Echo’s presently-owned and hereafter-acquired personal and fixture property, wherever located, including, without limitation, all accounts, goods, chattel paper, inventory, equipment, instruments, investment property, documents, deposit accounts, commercial tort claims, letters-of-credit rights, general intangibles including payment intangibles, patents, software trademarks, trade names, customer lists, supporting obligations, all proceeds and products of the foregoing.

The Factoring Agreement has an initial term of thirty-six (36) months from the first day of the month following the date the first purchased accounts receivable is purchased. Unless terminated by SG Echo, not less than sixty (60) but not more than ninety (90) days before the end of the initial term, the Factoring Agreement will automatically extend for an additional thirty-six (36) months. SG Echo shall be required to provide the same not less than sixty (60) but not more than ninety (90) days notice during any and all renewal terms in order to terminate the Factoring Agreement, and if no notice is provided, the renewal term will extend for an additional thirty-six (36) month period.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

If SouthStar has not purchased accounts receivable in a quarterly period during any initial or renewal term which exceed fifty percent (50%) of the Facility Amount per calendar quarter, in which $250,000 of the purchased accounts each month must be with ATCO Structures & Logistics (USA) Inc. (“Minimum Amount”), the Factoring Agreement provides that SG Echo will pay to SouthStar, on demand, an additional amount equal to what the charges provided for elsewhere in the Factoring Agreement would have been on the Minimum Amount assuming the number of days from the date of purchase of the Minimum Amount until receipt of payment of the Minimum Amount is thirty one (31) days, less the actual charges paid by SG Echo to SouthStar during such period.

Pursuant to a Secured Continuing Corporate Guaranty, dated June 8, 2023 (the “Corporate Guaranty”), the Company has guaranteed SG Echo’s obligations to SouthStar under the Secured Note and Factoring Agreement.

Pursuant to a Cross-Default and Cross Collateralization Agreement, effective June 8, 2023, among SouthStar, SG Echo and the Company, SG Echo’s obligations under the Secured Note and Factoring Agreement are cross-defaulted and cross-collateralized such that any event of default under the Secured Note shall constitute an event of default under the Factoring Agreement at SouthStar’s election (and vice versa, any event of default under the Factoring Agreement shall constitute an event of default under the Secured Note at SouthStar’s election) and any collateral pledged to secure SG Echo’s obligations under the Secured Note shall also secure SG Echo’s obligations under the Factoring Agreement (and vice versa).

SG Echo incurred $70,120 in debt issuance costs in connection with the Secured Note.

BCV Loan Agreement

On June 23 2023, SG DevCorp, entered into a Loan Agreement (the “BCV Loan Agreement”) with a Luxembourg-based specialized investment fund, BCV S&G DevCorp (“BCV S&G”), for up to $2,000,000 in proceeds, of which it originally received $1,250,000. The BCV Loan Agreement provides that the loan provided thereunder will bear interest at 14% per annum and mature on December 1, 2024. The loan may be repaid by SG DevCo at any anytime following the twelve-month anniversary of its issue date. The loan is secured by 1,999,999 of our shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock (the “Pledged Shares”), which were pledged pursuant to an escrow agreement with SG DevCorp’s transfer agent, and which represent 19.99% of SG DevCorp’s outstanding shares. The fees associated with the issuance include $70,000 paid to BCV S&G for the creation of the BCV Loan Agreement and $27,500 payable to BCV S&G per annum for maintaining the BCV Loan Agreement. Additionally, $37,500 in broker fees has been paid to Bridgeline Capital Partners S.A. on the principal amount raised of $1,250,000 raised to date. The Company has paid $35,000 in debt issuance costs.

On August 16, 2023, SG DevCorp secured an additional $500,000 in bridge funding from BCV S&G under the BCV Loan Agreement.

The BCV Loan Agreement, as amended on August 25, 2023 and further amended on September 11, 2023, provided that if SG DevCorp’s shares of common stock were not listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market on before September 30, 2023 or if following such listing the total market value of the Pledged Shares falls below twice the face value of the loan, the loan would be further secured by SG DevCorp’s St. Mary’s industrial site, consisting of 29.66 acres and a proposed manufacturing facility in St. Mary’s, Georgia. Following the listing, the total market value of the Pledged Shares has fallen below twice the face value of the loan and SG DevCorp and BCV S&G are in discussions regarding alternatives.

Galvin Promissory Note

On December 14, 2023, the Company entered into a promissory note with Paul Galvin, the Company’s Chairman and CEO, for $75,000 (“Galvin Note Payable”). The note shall not accrue interest, and the entire unpaid principal balance is due December 14, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 the Company entered into an additional promissory note with Mr. Galvin in the amount of $10,000. The note shall not accrue interest, and the entire unpaid principal balance is due December 14, 2024.

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

Leighton Line of Credit

On March 1, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a credit agreement with the Bryan Leighton Revocable Trust Dated December 13th, 2023 (“Leighton”) pursuant to which Leighton agreed to provide SG DevCorp with a line of credit facility (the “Line of Credit”) up to the maximum amount of $250,000 from which SG DevCorp may draw down, at any time and from time to time, during the term of the Line of Credit. The maturity date of the Line of Credit is September 1, 2024. At any time prior to the maturity date, upon mutual written consent of the Company and Leighton, the maturity date may be extended for up to an additional six-month period. The advanced and unpaid principal of the Line of Credit from time to time outstanding will bear interest at a fixed rate per annum equal to 12.0% (the “Fixed Rate”). On the first day of each month, SG DevCorp will pay to Leighton interest, in arrears, on the aggregate outstanding principal indebtedness of the Line of Credit at the Fixed Rate. The entire principal indebtedness of the Line of Credit and any accrued interest thereon will be due and payable on the maturity date. In consideration for the extension of the Line of Credit, SG DevCorp issued 154,320 shares of SG DevCorp common stock to Leighton. The fair value of the shares issued to Leighton amounted to $125,000 and has been recorded as a debt discount and will be amortized over the effective rate method. As of June 30, 2024, SG DevCorp drew down $250,000 from the Line of Credit.

1800 Diagonal Note

On March 5, 2024, the Company issued a promissory note (the "1800 Diagonal Note”) in favor of 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC (“1800 Diagonal”) in the aggregate principal amount of $149,500 pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated March 5, 2024 (the “SPA”).

The 1800 Diagonal Note was purchased by 1800 Diagonal for a purchase price of $130,000, representing an original issue discount of $19,500. A one-time interest charge of ten percent (10%) (the “Interest Rate”) will be applied on the issuance date to the Principal. Under the terms of the 1800 Diagonal Note, beginning on April 15, 2024, the Company is required to make nine monthly payments of accrued, unpaid interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, in the amount of $18,272,23. The Company shall have a five business day grace period with respect to each payment. Any amount of principal or interest on this 1800 Diagonal Note which is not paid when due will bear interest at the rate of  22% per annum from the due date thereof until the same is paid (“Default Interest”). The Company has right to accelerate payments or prepay in full at any time with no prepayment penalty.

Among other things, an event of default  will be deemed to have occurred if the Company fails to pay the principal or interest when due on the 1800 Diagonal Note, whether at maturity, upon acceleration or otherwise, if bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings are instituted by or against the Company or if the Company fails to maintain the listing of its common stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the 1800 Diagonal Note will become immediately due and payable and the Company will be obligated to pay to the Investor, in satisfaction of its obligations under the 1800 Diagonal Note, an amount equal to 200% times the sum of the then outstanding principal amount of the 1800 Diagonal Note plus accrued and unpaid interest on the unpaid principal amount of this 1800 Diagonal Note to the date of payment plus Default Interest, if any.

After an event of default, at any time following the six month anniversary of the 1800 Diagonal Note, 1800 Diagonal will have the right, to convert all or any part of the outstanding and unpaid amount of the 1800 Diagonal Note into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to the greater of $0.08 or 65% multiplied by the lowest closing bid price during the 10 trading days prior to the conversion date (representing a discount rate of 35%). The 1800 Diagonal Note may not be converted into shares of the Company’s common stock if the conversion would result in 1800 Diagonal and its affiliates owning an aggregate of in excess of 4.99% of the then outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. In addition, unless the Company obtains shareholder approval of such issuance, the Company shall not issue a number of shares of its common stock under 1800 Diagonal Note, which when aggregated with all other securities that are required to be aggregated for purposes of Nasdaq Rule 5635(d), would exceed 19.99% of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding as of the date of definitive agreement with respect to the first of such aggregated transactions (the “Conversion Limitation”). Upon the occurrence of an event of default as a result of the Company being delisted from Nasdaq, the Conversion Limitation shall no longer apply. 

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

9. Notes Payable (continued)

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, long term notes payable consisted of the following:

	2024			2023
LV Note	$	5,000,000		$	5,000,000
2nd Lien Note		1,000,000			—
Authority Loan Agreement		750,000			750,000
2022 Note		200,000			148,300
Debenture		—			123,600
Peak One Debenture		—			700,000
Second Debenture		—			—
Third Debenture		150,000			—
Holdings Debenture		—			—
First 2024 Debenture		350,000			—
Second 2024 Debenture		350,000			—
Cedar Cash Advance Agreements		733,336			727,271
January Cash Advance Agreement		25,000			—
February Cash Advance Agreement		22,767			—
Secured Note		1,750,000			1,750,000
Overadvance		790,546			790,546
BCV Loan Agreement		1,750,000			1,750,000
Leighton Line of Credit		250,000			—
1800 Diagonal Note		99,667			—
Galvin Note Payable		23,000			75,000
		13,244,316			11,814,717
Less: Debt discount and debt issuance costs		(677,950	)		(895,222	)
		12,566,366			10,919,495
Less: current maturities		(10,103,921	)		(8,472,080	)
	$	2,462,445		$	2,447,415

28

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

10. Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets

Majestic World Holdings

On February 7, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (“MIPA”) to acquire Majestic World Holdings LLC (“Majestic”). The aggregate consideration payable by SG DevCorp for the outstanding membership interests (the “Membership Interests’) of Majestic consists of 500,000 shares of SG DevCorp restricted stock (the “Stock Consideration”) and $500,000 in cash (the “Cash Consideration”). The MIPA and a related side letter provide that the aggregate purchase price be paid as follows: (i) the Stock Consideration was issued at the closing (the “Closing”) on February 7, 2024; and (ii) 100% of the Cash Consideration will be paid in five equal installments of $100,000 each on the first day of each of the five quarterly periods following the Closing. In addition, pursuant to a profit sharing agreement entered into as of February 7, 2024 (the “Profit Sharing Agreement”), SG DevCorp agreed to pay the former members of Majestic a 50% share of the net profits for a period of five years that are directly derived from the technology and intellectual property utilized in the real estate focused software as a service offered and operated by Majestic and its subsidiaries. In accordance with ASC 805, the Majestic acquisition is accounted for as a business combination. The Majestic acquisition was made for the purpose of expanding SG DevCorp’s footprint into technology space.

The purchase consideration amounted to:

Cash	$	500,000
Contingent consideration payable		945,000
Equity consideration		435,000
	$	1,880,000

As part of the Majestic acquisition, the Company recorded a contingent consideration liability for additional payments pursuant to the Profit Sharing Agreement. The initial contingent consideration liability of $945,000 was based on the fair value of the contingent consideration liability at the acquisition date, and is payable in cash. 

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the Majestic Acquisition:  

Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,082
Intangible assets		100,468
Goodwill		1,810,787
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(32,337	)
	$	1,880,000

As of June 30, 2024, the Company has not completed its measurement period with respect to the Majestic acquisition. The amounts above represent provisional amounts recorded at this time and are subject to adjustments once the measurement period has ended. 

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

10. Business Combination (continued)

Below is a proforma condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as if the Company purchased Majestic as of January 1, 2024. A proforma condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2024, is not presented because during that period there was no activity in Majestic.

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	(Unaudited)
Revenue:
Sales	$	163,970
Total		163,970
Operating expenses:
Payroll and related expenses	$	2,611,732
General and administrative expenses		804,317
Marketing and business development expense		201,811
Total		3,617,860
Operating loss		(3,453,890	)
Other expense:
Interest Expense		(1,631,814	)
Net loss	$	(5,085,704	)

MyVONIA

As of May 6, 2024, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “APA”) with Dr. Axely Congress to purchase all of the assets related to the artificial intelligence technology known as My Virtual Online Intelligent Assistant (“MyVONIA”). MyVONIA, an advanced artificial intelligence assistant, utilizes machine learning and natural language processing algorithms to provide users with human-like conversational interactions, tailored to their specific needs. MyVONIA does not require an app, or website but is accessible to subscribers via text messaging. 

On June 6, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the assets related to MyVONIA pursuant to the APA. The purchase price for MyVONIA is up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Of such shares, 200,000 shares of common stock were issued at the closing on June 6, 2024, with an additional 300,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the achievement of certain benchmarks. The purchase of MyVONIA was determined to be an acquisition of assets, of which intangible assets were acquired. The fair value of the purchase amounted to $228,360 which resulted from the 200,000 shares of common stock issued, and the estimated value of the contingent shares to be issued. 

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

11. Leases

The Company leases an office, a manufacturing plant and certain equipment under non-cancellable operating lease agreements. The leases have remaining lease terms ranging from one year to ten years. 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:  

Balance Sheet Location		June 30, 2024
Finance Leases
Right-of-use assets		$	1,225,370
Current liabilities	Lease liability, current maturities		463,114
Non-current liabilities	Lease liability, net of current maturities		—
Total finance lease liabilities		$	463,114
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term
Finance leases			0.67 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Finance leases			3%

As the leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company used an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of the lease payments, which is reflective of the specific term of the leases and economic environment of each geographic region. 

Anticipated future lease costs, which are based in part on certain assumptions to approximate minimum annual rental commitments under non-cancellable leases, are as follows: 

Year Ending December 31:	Financing
2024 (remaining)	$	334,112
2025		133,645
Total lease payments		467,757
Less: Imputed interest		4,643
Present value of lease liabilities	$	463,114

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SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

12. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) for the period by the weighted average number of common and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of the common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and warrants. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the calculation if their effect is antidilutive. 

At June 30, 2024, there were options, restricted stock units and warrants of 1,822, 14,887 and 4,023,411, respectively, outstanding that could potentially dilute future net income per share. Because the Company had a net loss as of June 30, 2024, it is prohibited from including potential common shares in the computation of diluted per share amounts. Accordingly, the Company has used the same number of shares outstanding to calculate both the basic and diluted loss per share. At June 30, 2023, there were no restricted stock units and options and warrants of 1,822 and 126,251, respectively, outstanding that could potentially dilute future net income per share.

13. Construction Backlog

The following represents the backlog of signed construction and engineering contracts in existence at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, which represents the amount of revenue the Company expects to realize from work to be performed on uncompleted contracts in progress and from contractual agreements in effect at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, on which work has not yet begun:

	2024			2023
Balance - beginning of period	$	1,902,332		$	6,810,762
New contracts and change orders during the period		4,430,208			11,614,650
Adjustments and cancellations, net		(73,381	)		—
Subtotal		6,259,159			18,425,412
Less: contract revenue earned during the period		(2,179,369	)		(16,523,080	)
Balance - end of period	$	4,079,790		$	1,902,332

The Company’s remaining backlog as of June 30, 2024 represents the remaining transaction price of firm contracts for which work has not been performed and excludes unexercised contract options. 

The Company expects to satisfy its backlog which represents the remaining unsatisfied performance obligation on contracts as of June 30, 2024 over the following period:   

	2024
Within 1 year	$	4,079,790
1 to 2 years		—
Total Backlog	$	4,079,790

Although backlog reflects business that is considered to be firm, cancellations, deferrals or scope adjustments may occur. Backlog is adjusted to reflect any known project cancellations, revisions to project scope and cost and project deferrals, as appropriate.

32

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Stockholders’ Equity 

Financings

Registered Direct Offering – 

In October 2021, the Company closed a registered direct offering and concurrent private placement of its common stock (the "October Offering") that the Company effected pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement that it entered into on October 25, 2021 with an institutional investor and received gross proceeds of $11.55 million. Pursuant to the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company issued to the investor (A) in a registered direct offering (i) 975,000 shares (the “Public Shares”) of its common stock, and (ii) pre-funded warrants (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase up to 2,189,384 shares (the “Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”) of common stock and (B) in a concurrent private placement, Series A warrants to purchase up to 1,898,630 shares (the “Common Stock Warrant Shares”) of common stock (the “Common Stock Warrants,” and together with the Public Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants, the “Securities”) (the “Offering The Pre-Funded Warrants were immediately exercisable at a nominal exercise price of $0.001 and all Pre-Funded Warrants sold have been exercised. The Common Stock Warrants have an exercise price of $4.80 per share, are exercisable upon issuance and will expire five years from the date of issuance. A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners (the “Placement Agent”) acted as the exclusive placement agent for the transaction pursuant to that certain Placement Agency Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2021, by and between the Company and the Placement Agent (the “Placement Agency Agreement”), the Placement Agent received (i) a cash fee equal to seven percent (7.0%) of the gross proceeds from the placement of the Securities sold by the Placement Agent in the Offering and (ii) a non-accountable expense allowance of one half of one percent (0.5%) of the gross proceeds from the placement of the Gross Proceeds Securities sold by the Placement Agent in the Offering. The Company also reimbursed the Placement Agent’s expenses up to $50,000 upon closing the Offering. The net proceeds to the Company after deducting the Placement Agent’s fees and the Company’s estimated offering expenses was approximately $10.5 million. 

Securities Purchase Agreement – In April 2019, the Company issued 42,388 shares of its common stock at $22.00 per share through a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional investors and accredited investors. Concurrently with the sale of the common stock, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company also sold common stock purchase warrants to such investors to purchase up to an aggregate of 42,388 shares of common stock. The Company incurred $379,816 in issuance costs from the offering and issued 4,239 warrants to the underwriters. The warrants are further discussed in Note 16.

Underwriting Agreement – In August 2019, the Company issued 45,000 shares of its common stock at $17.00 per share pursuant to the terms of an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) to the public. The Company incurred $181,695 in issuance costs from the offering and issued warrants to purchase 2,250 shares of common stock to the underwriter. The warrants are further discussed in Note 16.

Equity Purchase Agreement - On February 7, 2023, the Company entered into an Equity Purchase Agreement (the “EP Agreement”) and related Registration Rights Agreement (the “Rights Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to direct Peak One to purchase up to $10,000,000 (the “Maximum Commitment Amount”) in shares of the Company’s common stock in multiple tranches upon satisfaction of certain terms and conditions contained in the EP Agreement and Rights Agreement which includes but is not limited to filing a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission and registering the resale of any shares sold to Peak One. Further, under the EP Agreement and subject to the Maximum Commitment Amount, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to submit a Put Notice (as defined in the EP Agreement) from time to time to Peak One (i) in a minimum amount not less than $25,000 and (ii) in a maximum amount up to the lesser of ( (a) $750,000 or (b) 200% of the Average Daily Trading Value (as defined in the EP Agreement).

33

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

In connection with the EP Agreement, the Company issued to Peak One Investments, 75,000 shares of its common stock, and agreed to file a registration statement registering the common stock issued or issuable to Peak One and Peak One Investments under the Agreement for resale with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 60 calendar days of the Agreement, as more specifically set forth in the Rights Agreement. The registration statement was declared effective on April 14, 2023

The obligation of Peak One to purchase the Company’s common stock under the EP Agreement began on the date of the EP Agreement, and ends on the earlier of (i) the date on which Peak One shall have purchased common stock pursuant to the EP Agreement equal to the Maximum Commitment Amount, (ii) thirty six (36) months after the date of the EP Agreement, (iii) written notice of termination by the Company or (iv) the Company’s bankruptcy or similar event (the “Commitment Period”), all subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the EP Agreement.

During the Commitment Period, the purchase price to be paid by Peak One for the common stock under the EP Agreement will be 97% of the Market Price, which is defined as the lesser of the (i) closing bid price of the common stock on its principal market on the trading day immediately preceding the respective Put Date (as defined in the Agreement), or (ii) lowest closing bid price of the common stock during the Valuation Period (as defined in the Agreement), in each case as reported by Bloomberg Finance L.P or other reputable source designated by Peak One.

The EP Agreement and the Rights Agreement contain customary representations, warranties, agreements and conditions to completing future sale transactions, indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. Among other things, Peak One represented to the Company, that it is an “accredited investor” (as such term is defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D under the Securities Act, and the Company sold the securities in reliance upon an exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued 13,355 shares of common stock under the EP Agreement for $28,867.

Issuance of common stock and warrants for debt issuance – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 the Company issued 15,000 shares of common stock and warrants for issuances of debt. The value of the shares and warrants amounted to $251,361.

Restricted Stock Units – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 the Company issued 38,934 shares of common stock with a value of $527,336 for vested restricted stock units. 

Conversion – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 Peak One converted $802,067 of its principal balance and accrued interest into 154,155 shares of common stock of the Company. Such conversion was within the terms of the agreement with no gains or losses recognized on the transactions.

Warrant exercise – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 11,389 shares of common stock were issued resulting from cashless warrant exercises.

Settlement of accounts payable – During the six months ended June 30, 2024, 129,603 shares of common stock were issued resulting from the settlement of accounts payable in the amount of $489,268.

Noncontrolling interest – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 SG DevCorp recorded $5,166,849 of additional equity transactions which related to transactions in its own stock from debt issuances to third parties.

34

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

Inducement - On March 8, 2024, the Company entered into a warrant inducement agreement (the “Inducement Agreement”) with a certain holder (the “Holder”) of warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), issued in a private placement offering that closed on October 27, 2021 (the “Existing Warrants”). Pursuant to the Inducement Agreement, the Holder of the Existing Warrants agreed to exercise for cash the Existing Warrants to purchase up to 1,898,630 shares of common stock (94,932 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an exercise price of $ 0.2603 per share ($5.206 as adjusted for the May Stock Split). The Company recognized common stock deemed dividends in the amount of $670,881 which resulted from the excess initial fair value of the New Warrants Shares issued described below. In addition, the Company incurred $454,867 of equity related costs which have been netted with the net proceeds from the July 2022 Offering. The Company received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $494,213, before deducting placement agent fees and other expenses payable by the Company.

In consideration of the Holder’s immediate exercise of the Existing Warrants, the Company issued unregistered warrants (the “New Warrants”) to purchase 3,797,260 shares of Common Stock (189,863 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) (200% of the number of shares of common stock issued upon exercise of the Existing Warrants) (the “New Warrant Shares”) to the Holder.

The issuance of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Existing Warrants have been registered pursuant to an existing registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-260996), which was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on November 23, 2021.

In addition, pursuant to the Inducement Agreement, the Company agreed not to issue any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock equivalents (as defined in the Inducement Agreement) or to file any other registration statement with the SEC (in each case, subject to certain exceptions) until thirty (30) days after the closing. The Company has also agreed not to effect or agree to effect any Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Inducement Agreement) until sixty (60) days after closing.

The Company agreed in the Inducement Agreement to file a registration statement to register the resale of the New Warrant Shares (the “Resale Registration Statement”) on or before thirty (30) days from the initial closing of the transactions contemplated by the Inducement Agreement, and to use commercially reasonable efforts to have such Resale Registration Statement declared effective by the SEC within sixty (60) days (or, in the event of a full review, ninety (90) calendar days) following the date of filing the Resale Registration Statement.

Under the Inducement Agreement, to the extent required under the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market, the Company agreed to hold a special or annual meeting of shareholders no later than the 60th calendar date following the date of the Inducement Agreement for the purpose of seeking the Stockholder Approval (as defined below). If the Company does not obtain Stockholder Approval at the first meeting, the Company shall call a meeting every ninety (90) days thereafter to seek Stockholder Approval until the earlier of the date Stockholder Approval is obtained or the New Warrants are no longer outstanding.

The Company expects to use the net proceeds from these transactions for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

Maxim served as the Company’s financial advisor in connection with the transactions described in the Inducement Agreement, and the Company paid Maxim (i) a cash fee equal to 7.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds received from the Holder upon exercise of the Existing Warrants and the exercise of the New Warrants, and (ii) $10,000 for legal fees and other out-of-pocket expenses.

May 2024 Private Placement - On May 3, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “May Securities Purchase Agreement”) for a private placement (the “Private Placement”) with a single accredited institutional investor (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser agreed to purchase 130,000 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), and pre-funded warrants to purchase 1,249,310 shares of Common Stock in lieu thereof (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) and common warrants (the “Common Warrants”) to purchase up to 2,758,620 shares of Common Stock. Pursuant to the May Securities Purchase Agreement, the combined offering price of each Share and Common Warrant was set at $2.90 and the combined offering price of each Pre-Funded Warrant and Common Warrant was set at $2.8999. The Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Common Warrants and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities.”

35

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

14. Stockholders’ Equity (continued)

The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, may be exercised at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full, and have an exercise price of $0.0001 per share. The Common Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, have a term of five years from the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined below) registering the Shares and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants and have an exercise price of $2.65 per share. A holder may not exercise any Pre-Funded Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. A holder may not exercise any Common Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the Common Stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants, respectively, the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which holders of common stock are entitled.

In the event of a “Fundamental Transaction,” which term is defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants and generally includes (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person (as defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants) in which the Company is not the surviving entity (other than a reincorporation in a different state, a transaction for changing the Company’s name, or a similar transaction pursuant to which the surviving company remains a public company), (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in one or a series of related transactions (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not include such transactions that do not require approval of the Company’s stockholders), (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property other than a stock split, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised such warrants immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction. Additionally, as more fully described in the Common Warrants, in the event of certain Fundamental Transactions, the holders of the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive consideration in an amount equal to the Black Scholes Value (as defined in the Common Warrants) of the remaining unexercised portion of the Common Warrants on the date of consummation of such Fundamental Transaction.

The Private Placement closed on May 7, 2024. The Company received net proceeds from the Private Placement of $3,590,386. Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2023, 279,310 prefunded warrants were exercised.

36

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

15. Segments and Disaggregated Revenue

	Construction			Medical			Development			Corporate and support			Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Revenue	$	2,179,369		$	—		$	91,978		$	—		$	2,271,347
Cost of revenue		1,739,232			—			—			—			1,739,232
Operating expenses		91,814			85,960			3,496,628			3,683,979			7,358,381
Operating loss		348,323			(85,960	)		(3,404,650	)		(3,683,979	)		(6,826,266	)
Other income (expense)		(187,908	)		—			(1,631,814	)		(1,158,810	)		(2,978,532	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		160,415			(85,960	)		(5,036,464	)		(4,842,789	)		(9,804,798	)
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—			—			(670,881	)		(670,881	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—			1,946,822			—			1,946,822
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	160,415		$	(85,960	)	$	(3,089,642	)	$	(5,513,670	)	$	(8,528,857	)
Total assets	$	5,479,525		$	1,406		$	12,654,236		$	2,793,342		$	20,928,509
Depreciation and amortization	$	81,547		$	—		$	—		$	3,487		$	85,034
Capital expenditures	$	7,873		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	7,873
		Construction			Medical			Development		Corporate and support				Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Revenue	$	10,600,990		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	10,600,990
Cost of revenue		10,636,832			—			—			—			10,636,832
Operating expenses		176,987			897			1,217,376			7,439,825			8,835,085
Operating income (loss)		(212,829	)		(897	)		(1,217,376	)		(7,439,825	)		(8,870,927	)
Other income (expense)		252,193			—			(475,046	)		18,816			(204,037	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		39,364			(897	)		(1,692,422	)		(7,421,009	)		(9,074,964	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—			—			—			—
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	39,364		$	(897	)	$	(1,692,422	)	$	(7,421,009	)	$	(9,074,964	)
Total assets	$	10,546,140		$	(897	)	$	(10,929,782	)	$	6,383,877		$	5,999,338
Depreciation and amortization	$	710,578		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	710,578
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—

37

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

15. Segments and Disaggregated Revenue (continued)

	Construction			Medical		Development			Corporate and support			Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Revenue	$	1,211,254		$	—	$	42,162		$	—		$	1,253,416
Cost of revenue		1,094,249			—		—			—			1,094,249
Operating expenses		91,281			50,076		945,136			1,866,481			2,952,974
Operating income (loss)		25,724			(50,076)		(902,974	)		(1,866,481	)		(2,793,807	)
Other income (expense)		(137,955	)		—		(1,065,819	)		(550,189	)		(1,753,963	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		(112,231	)		(50,076)		(1,968,793	)		(2,416,670	)		(4,547,770	)
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—		—			—			—
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—		689,077			—			689,077
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	(112,231	)	$	(50,076)	$	(1,279,716)		$	(2,416,670	)	$	(3,858,693	)
Total assets	$	5,479,525		$	1,406	$	12,654,236		$	2,793,342		$	20,928,509
Depreciation and amortization	$	6,484		$	—	$	—		$	1,807		$	8,291
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—
		Construction			Medical		Development		Corporate and support				Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Revenue	$	5,097,055		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	5,097,055
Cost of revenue		5,063,425			—		—			—			5,063,425
Operating expenses		58,428			—		496,463			5,089,597			5,644,488
Operating income (loss)		(24,798	)		—		(496,463	)		(5,089,597	)		(5,610,858	)
Other income (expense)		233,629			—		(187,749	)		9,454			55,334
Income (loss) before income taxes		208,831			—		(684,212	)		(5,080,143	)		(5,555,524	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—		—			—			—
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	208,831		$	—	$	(684,212	)	$	(5,080,143	)	$	(5,555,524	)
Depreciation and amortization	$	562,070		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	562,070
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—

38

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

16. Warrants  

In conjunction with the June 2017 Public Offering, the Company issued to certain affiliates of the underwriters, as compensation, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,313 shares of common stock (216 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an exercise price of $125.00 per share ($2,500.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after June 21, 2018 and expire June 21, 2023.The fair value of warrants was calculated utilizing a Black-Scholes model and amounted to $63,796. The fair market value of the warrants as of the date of issuance has been included in issuance costs in additional paid-in capital.

In conjunction with the Purchase Agreement in April 2019, the Company also sold warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 42,388 shares of common stock (2,119 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an initial exercise price of $27.50 per share ($550.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after October 29, 2019 and expire October 29, 2024. The Company issued to certain affiliates of the underwriters, as compensation, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,239 shares of common stock (212 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an initial exercise price of $27.50 per share ($550.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after October 29, 2019 and expire April 24, 2024.

In conjunction with the Underwriting Agreement in August 2019, the Company issued to the underwriter, as compensation, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2,250 shares of common stock (112 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an initial exercise price of $21.25 per share ($425.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after February 1, 2020 and expire August 29, 2024. 

In conjunction with the Underwriting Agreement in May 2020, the Company issued to the underwriter, as compensation, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of common stock (15,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an initial exercise price of $3.14 per share ($62.80 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after November 6, 2020 and expire May 5, 2025. During the year ended December 31, 2021, 226,300 (11,315 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), warrants were exercised and converted into common stock of the Company. The Company has received proceeds of approximately $707,000 from the exercise of the warrants.

In conjunction with the Purchase Agreement in October 2021, the Company also issued Series A warrants to purchase up to 1,898,630 shares of Common Stock (94,932 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), in a concurrent private placement. The warrants are have an exercise price of $4.80 per share, ($96.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), exercisable at the option of the holder on or after October 26, 2021 and will expire five years from the date of issuance. These warrants were exercised in connection with the Inducement Agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

In conjunction with the issuance of the Debenture in February 2023, the Company issued the Peak Warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock (25,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split).The Peak Warrant expires five years from its date of issuance. The Peak Warrant is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 500,000 of shares of common stock (25,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), of the Company at an exercise price equal to $2.25 (the “Exercise Price”) ($45.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events and in the event the Company, at any time while the Peak Warrant is outstanding, issues, sells or grants any option to purchase, or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of, or issues common stock or other securities convertible into, exercisable for, or otherwise entitle any person the right to acquire, shares of common stock, other than with respect to an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Debenture), at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Exercise Price. In the event of any such anti-dilutive event, the Exercise Price will be reduced at the option of the holder to such lower effective price of the dilutive event, subject to a floor price of $0.40 per share ($8.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) unless and until the Company obtains shareholder approval for any issuance below such floor price. The initial fair value of the Peak Warrant amounted to $278,239 and was recorded, in combination with common stock issued above, as a debt discount of $354,329 at the time of issuance of the Debenture.

39

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

16. Warrants (continued)

In connection with the issuance of the Holdings Debenture in January 2024, the Company issued the “Peak Warrant” #3 to purchase up to 375,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) to Peak One’s designee, as described in the January 2024 Purchase Agreement. The PeakWarrant #3 expires five years from its date of issuance. The Peak Warrant #3 is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 375,000 of shares of common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) of the Company at an exercise price equal to $0.53 (the “Exercise Price”) ($10.60 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Peak Warrant #3. The Peak Warrant #3 provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances. The initial fair value of the Peak Warrant #3 amounted to $109,161 and was recorded, in combination with common stock issued above, as a debt discount of $251,361 at the time of issuance of the Debenture.

In connection with the Private Placement in May 2024, the Company issued common warrants (the “Common Warrants”) to purchase up to 2,758,620 shares of the Company’s common stock . The Common Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, have a term of five years from the effective date of the corresponding registration statement registering the shares of Company common stock and the shares of Company common stock issuable upon exercise of the Common Warrants and have an exercise price of $2.65 per share. A holder may not exercise any Common Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock immediately after exercise. The Common Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Common Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Common Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Common Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which holders of common stock are entitled.

Warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2024 are summarized as follows:

Warrants	Number of Warrants			Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding and exercisable - January 1, 2024	125,856		$	93.60	2.75		-
Granted	4,285,508			5.69			-
Expired	(8	)
Exercised	(387,945	)
Outstanding and exercisable - June 30, 2024	4,023,411		$	1.90	2.89	$	-

The fair value of warrants granted during the six months ended June 30, 2024 were valued using a Black-Scholes Value model, with the following assumptions

Risk-free interest rate	3.9	%
Contractual term	5 years
Dividend yield	0	%
Expected volatility	98	%

40

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

17. Share-based Compensation

On October 26, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the issuance of up to 25,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (1,250 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), in the form of restricted stock or options (“2016 Stock Plan”). Effective January 30, 2017, the 2016 Stock Plan was amended and restated as the SG Blocks, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan, as further amended effective June 1, 2018 as further amended on July 30, 2020, as further amended on August 18, 2021 and as further amended effective October 5, 2023 (as amended, the “Incentive Plan”). The Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 8,625,000 shares of common stock (431,250 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split). It authorizes the issuance of equity-based awards in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, other share-based awards and cash-based awards to non-employee directors and to officers, employees and consultants of the Company and its subsidiary, except that incentive stock options may only be granted to the Company’s employees and its subsidiary’s employees. The Incentive Plan expires on October 26, 2026, and is administered by the Company’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Each of the Company’s employees, directors, and consultants are eligible to participate in the Incentive Plan. As of June 30, 2024, there were — shares of common stock available for issuance under the Incentive Plan.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as follows:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Payroll and related expenses	$	527,336	$	3,210,631
Total	$	527,336	$	3,210,631

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Payroll and related expenses	$	348,308	$	2,554,362
Total	$	348,308	$	2,554,362

41

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

17. Share-based Compensation (continued)

Stock-Based Option Awards 

The Company has issued no stock-based options during the six months ended June 30, 2024 or 2023.   

Because the Company does not have significant historical data on employee exercise behavior, the Company uses the “Simplified Method” to calculate the expected life of the stock-based option awards granted to employees. The simplified method is calculated by averaging the vesting period and contractual term of the options. 

The following table summarizes stock-based option activities and changes during the six months ended June 30, 2024 as described below:

	Shares	Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share	Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share	Weighted Average Remaining Terms (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding – December 31, 2023	1,822	496.00	1,574.20	—	—
Granted	—	—	—	—	—
Exercised	—	—	—	—	—
Cancelled	—	—	—	—	—
Outstanding – June 30, 2024	1,822	496.00	1,574.20	—	—
Exercisable – December 31, 2023	1,822	—	—	—	—
Exercisable – June 30, 2024	—	—	—	—	—

Restricted Stock Units 

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, a total of 316,834 of restricted stock units (15,842 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) were granted to Mr. Galvin and six employees of the Company under the Company's stock-based compensation plan, at the fair value of $0.85 to $1.01 per share ($17 to $20.20 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), which represents the closing price of the Company's common stock at the grant date. The restricted stock units granted vest in equal quarterly installments over a two-year period.

On April 4, 2023, a total of 268,166 of restricted stock units (13,408 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) were granted to five of the Company's non-employee directors, under the Company's stock-based compensation plan, at the fair value of $1.01 ($20.20 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) per share, which represents the closing price of the Company's common stock on April 4, 2023. The restricted stock units granted vest in equal quarterly installments over a two-year period

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a total of 44,147, 15,000, and 10,000 of restricted stock units were granted to Mr. Galvin, Ms. Kaelin and an employee of the Company, respectively, under the Company’s stock-based compensation plan at a fair value of $2.27 per share, which represents the closing price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date. The restricted stock units granted vest immediately.

42

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

17. Share-based Compensation (continued)

For the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $348,308 and $2,554,262 related to restricted stock units. For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $527,336 and $3,210,631, respectively, related to restricted stock units. This expense is included in the payroll and related expenses, general and administrative expenses, and marketing and business development expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations. As of June 30, 2024, there was  131,599 unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested restricted stock units.

The following table summarized restricted stock unit activities during the six months ended June 30, 2024:

	Number of Shares
Non-vested balance at January 1, 2024		—
Granted		201,590
Vested		(186,703	)
Forfeited/Expired		—
Non-vested balance at June 30, 2024		14,887

18. Commitments and Contingencies  

Legal Proceedings

The Company is subject to certain claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business. The Company assesses liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings utilizing the latest information available. Where it is probable that the Company will incur a loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company records a liability in our consolidated financial statements. These legal accruals may be increased or decreased to reflect any relevant developments on a quarterly basis. Where a loss is not probable or the amount of the loss is not estimable, the Company does not record an accrual, consistent with applicable accounting guidance. Based on information currently available, advice of counsel, and available insurance coverage, the Company believes that the established accruals are adequate and the liabilities arising from the legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition. However, in light of the inherent uncertainty in legal proceedings, there can be no assurance that the ultimate resolution of a matter will not exceed established accruals. As a result, the outcome of a particular matter or a combination of matters may be material to the results of operations for a particular period, depending upon the size of the loss or the income for that particular period.

1.) Pizzarotti Litigation - On or about August 10, 2018, Pizzarotti, LLC (“Pizzarotti”) filed a complaint against the Company and Mahesh Shetty, the Company’s former President and CFO, and others, seeking unspecified damages for an alleged breach of contract by the Company and another entity named Phipps & Co. (“Phipps”). The lawsuit was filed as Pizzarotti, LLC. v. Phipps & Co., et al., Index No. 653996/2018 and commenced in the Supreme Court of the State of New York for the County of New York. On or about April 1, 2019, Phipps filed cross-claims against the Company and Mr. Shetty asserting claims for indemnification, contribution, fraud, negligence, negligent misrepresentation, and breach of contract. The Company has likewise cross claimed against Phipps for indemnification and contribution, claiming that any damages to the Plaintiff were the result of the acts or omissions of Phipps and its principals.

Pizzarotti’s suit arose from a contract dated April 3, 2018 that it executed with Phipps whereby Pizzarotti, a construction manager, engaged Phipps to perform stone procuring and tile work at a construction project located at 161 Maiden Lane, New York 10038. Pizzarotti’s claims against the Company arise from a purported assignment agreement dated August 10, 2018, whereby Pizzarotti claims that the Company agreed to assume certain obligations of Phipps under a certain trade contract between Pizzarotti and Phipps. Phipps’ claims against the Company arise from a purported assignment agreement, dated as of May 30, 2018, among Pizzarotti, Phipps and the Company (the “Assignment Agreement”), pursuant to which, it is alleged, that the Company agreed to provide a letter of credit in connection with the sub-contracted work to be provided by Phipps to Pizzarotti.

43

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

18. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

The Company believes that the Assignment Agreement was void for lack of consideration and moved to dismiss the case on those and other grounds. On June 17, 2020, the New York Supreme Court entered an order dismissing certain claims against the Company brought by cross claimant Phipps. Specifically, the court dismissed Phipps’ claims for indemnification, contribution, fraud, negligence and negligent misrepresentation. The court did not dismiss Phipps’ claim for breach of the Assignment Agreement. The issue of the validity of the Assignment Agreement, and the Company’s defenses to the claims brought by the plaintiff Pizzarotti and cross claimant Phipps, are being litigated. The Company maintains that the Assignment Agreement, to the extent valid and enforceable, was properly terminated and/or there are no damages, and, consequently, that the claims brought against the Company are without merit. The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend the litigation. The parties have engaged in written discovery but no depositions have been conducted as of yet. By motion dated February 24, 2021, Pizzarotti moved to stay the entire action pending the outcome of a separate litigation captioned Pizzarotti, LLC v. FPG Maiden Lane, LLC et. al., Index No. 651697/2019, involving some of the same parties (but excluding the Company). Phipps cross moved to consolidate the two actions. The Company opposed both motions. On April 26, 2021, the court denied both motions and directed the parties to meet and confer concerning the scheduling of depositions. On May 10, 2021, the parties jointly filed with the court a proposed order providing the completion of depositions of all parties and nonparties by September 30, 2021. On April 4, 2024, the court entered an order setting forth the following dates for the completion of the parties depositions: (1) deposition of plaintiff shall occur by May 31, 2024, (2) deposition of Phipps shall occur by June 30, 2024, (3) deposition of the Company shall occur by July 20, 2024, (4) deposition of Mr. Shetty shall occur by August 9, 2024, (5) deposition of FPG Maiden Lane, & J. Landau shall occur by August 30, 2024, and (6) depositions of non-parties shall occur by September 30, 2024. As of June 30,2024, the Company cannot estimate any potential loss.

2.) CPF GP 2019-1, LLC (“CPF GP”) Litigation – In September 2023, a suit was filed in the form of a declaratory judgment to say CPF GP did not owe certain monies to the Company. The Company filed counterclaims for the amounts owed. The case settled in February 2024 in exchange for mutual dismissals and monthly payments of the balance due, which is $745,000 in total to the Company from CPF GP.

3.) Farnam Litigation – In October 2023, Farnam Street Financial, Inc. (“Farnam”) filed suit against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota (Case No. 23-CV-3212) alleging breaches by the Company under a certain lease agreement between Farnam and the Company dated as of October 13, 221. Farnam sought monies owed under such lease agreement. On August 1, 2024, the Company, SG Echo and SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (“SG Environmental”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a settlement agreement (the “Settlement”) with Farnam to resolve the pending litigation. Simultaneously with the execution of the Settlement, (i) the Company, SG Environmental and Farnam entered into an assignment and assumption agreement, pursuant to which SG Environmental was substituted for the Company as the lessee under the lease agreement, and (ii) SG Environmental and Farnam executed a new Lease Schedule No. 001R (“Schedule 1R”), which replaced the prior schedule in its entirety. The terms of the Settlement included the following: (i) SG Environmental will be the signatory under the “Lessee” under the lease; (ii) the initial term (the “Initial Term”) of Schedule 1R is 18 months; (iii) the “Commencement Date” of Schedule 1R is August 1, 2024; (iv) the original cost of the equipment subject to Schedule 1R is $1,556,163.00; (v) so long as there has been no default under the lease and Schedule 1R, SG Environmental shall have the option to purchase the equipment at the end of the Initial Term for thirty-five percent (35%) of the original cost of the equipment, or $544,657.05, plus applicable taxes; (vi) the “Monthly Lease Charge” under Schedule 1R is $65,880.95, plus applicable taxes; and (vii) SG Environmental shall provide a new security deposit under Schedule 1R in the amount of $167,056.00, which shall be paid on or before August 1, 2024. Simultaneously with the execution of the Settlement, the Company and SG Echo executed a guaranty, whereby each of the Company and SG Echo jointly and severally guarantee SG Environmental’s full and prompt payment and performance under the lease and Schedule 1R. Per the Settlement, Farnam shall retain as income all prior payments from the Company (or any Company affiliate) under the lease, the prior schedule, or any other agreement with the Company or its affiliates, including all monthly lease charges, interim rent, taxes, interest, fees, late charges, and any security deposits, including the deposit under the prior schedule. Under the terms of the Settlement, Farnam and the Company each agree to waive and release any and all claims against the other, except with respect to each party’s performance under the Settlement and each party’s future obligations under the lease, Schedule 1R and guaranty agreements.

44

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

18. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

Vendor Litigation

1.) SG Blocks, Inc. v HOLA Community Partners, et. al. 

On April 13, 2020, Plaintiff SG Blocks, Inc. (the “Company”) filed a Complaint against HOLA Community Partners (“HCP”), Heart of Los Angeles Youth, Inc. (“HOLA” and together with HCP,  the “HOLA Defendants”), and the City of Los Angeles (“City”) in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Case No. 2:20-cv-03432-ODW (“HOLA Action”). The Company asserted seven claims against HOLA Defendants arising out of and related to the Heart of Los Angeles construction project in Los Angeles (the “HOLA Project”), to wit, for: (1) breach of contract; (2) conversion; (3) default and judicial foreclosure under the original agreement between the Company and HOLA (“Agreement”) as a security agreement; (4) misappropriation of trade secrets under California Civil Code section 3426; (5) misappropriation of trade secrets under 18 U.S.C. § 1836; and (6) intentional interference with contractual relations. On April 20, 2020, HOLA filed a separate action against the Company in the Los Angeles Superior Court arising out of the HOLA Project, asserting claims of (1) negligence; (2) strict products liability; (3) strict products liability, (4) breach of contract; (5) breach of express warranty; (6) violation of Business and Professions Code § 7031(b); and (7) violation of California’s unfair competition law, Business and Professions Code section 17200 (“UCL”) (“HOLA State Court Action”). The HOLA State Court Action was removed to the Central District of California and consolidated with the HOLA Action.

On January 22, 2021, the Company filed a Third-Party Complaint in the HOLA Action against Third-Party Defendants Teton Buildings, LLC, Avesi Construction, LLC, and American Home Building and Masonry Corp (“AHB”) for indemnity and contribution with respect to HOLA’s claims. The Company has also notified its general liability carrier Sompo International regarding coverage concerning HOLA’s claims On February 25, 2021, the Court entered an order dismissing the Company’s claims for (1) breach of contract; (2) conversion; (3) default and judicial foreclosure under the Agreement as a security agreement; (4) misappropriation of trade secrets under California Civil Code section 3426; (5) misappropriation of trade secrets under 18 U.S.C. § 1836; but denied dismissal of the Company’s claims for intentional interference with contractual relations. The Court also denied the Company’s motion to dismiss HOLA’s claims.

45

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

18. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

On March 12, 2021, the HOLA Defendants filed an answer to the Company’s complaint against it denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. On March 12, 2021, the Company filed an answer to the HOLA Defendants’ First Amended Consolidated Complaint against it, denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. 

On April 26, 2021, the Company and the HOLA Defendants filed a Joint Stipulation to Dismiss HOLA Community Partners’ Sixth Claim for Relief (violation of California Business and Professions Code §7031(b)), with prejudice, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(1)(A)(ii).

On July 23, 2021, the Company filed a First Amended Third-Party Complaint adding the following additional third party defendants seeking, inter alia, contractual indemnity, equitable indemnity; and contribution: American Home Building and Masonry Corp. (“American Home”), Anderson Air Conditioning, L.P. (“Anderson”). Broadway Glass and Mirror, Inc. (“Broadway”), Marne Construction, Inc. (“Marne”), The McIntyre Company (“McIntyre”), Dowell & Bradley Construction, Inc. dba J R Construction (“JR Construction”) Junior Steel Co. (“Junior Steel”) Saddleback Roofing, Inc. (“Saddleback”) Schindler Elevator Corporation (“Schindler”) U.S. Smoke & Fire Corp. (“U.S. Smoke”) and FirstForm, Inc. (“FirstForm”) (collectively the “Additional Third Party Defendants”). 

On September 2, 2021, Schindler Elevator Corp. filed its answer to the First Amended Third-Party Complaint. On September 3, 2021, Junior Steel Co. filed its answer to the First Amended Third-Party Complaint. On September 7, 2021, Anderson Air Conditioning, L.P. filed its answer to the First Amended Third-Party Complaint. On October 6, 2021, the McIntyre Group filed its answer to the First Amended Third-Party Complaint.

On February 7, 2022, the Company filed a request for entry of a Clerk’s default against the following defendants: American Home Building and Masonry Corp., Avesi Construction, Marne Construction, Inc., FirstForm, Inc., Dowell & Bradley Construction, Inc, Saddleback Roofing, Inc., and US Smoke and Fire Corp. On February 9, 2022, the court entered a clerk’s default pursuant to Federal Rule 55 against the following defendants: American Home Building and Masonry Corp. Avesi Construction, Dowel & Bradley Construction, Inc., Saddleback Roofing Inc. and US smoke and Fire Corp. The parties that have answered and appeared in the case are currently engaged in discovery. 

The dispute between SG Blocks, Inc., HOLA Community Partners, and others in the above-described lawsuit settled, and a formal settlement agreement was executed in December 2022. In accordance with the settlement agreement, all funds to be paid were, in fact, paid. On February 27, 2023, the settling parties filed a Joint Stipulation to Dismiss All Causes of Action Against All Parties Except Avesi Construction, LLC (“Aveshi”), and Saddleback Roofing, Inc. (“Saddleback”). The claims against the settling parties, pursuant to the settlement, were to be dismissed and have since been dismissed. SG Blocks, Inc. had taken defaults against Aveshi and Saddleback, and is continuing to pursue default judgments against same.

2.) SG Blocks, Inc. v. EDI International, PC 

On June 21, 2019, SG Blocks, Inc. filed a lawsuit against EDI International, PC, a New Jersey corporation, in connection with the parties’ consulting agreement, dated June 29, 2016, pursuant to which EDI International, PC, was to provide, for a fee, certain architectural and design services for the original project between the Company and HOLA (“Project”). The lawsuit is styled SG Blocks, Inc. v. EDI International, PC et al., and was filed in California Superior Court, for the County of Los Angeles, case no. 19STCV21725. SG Blocks, Inc. claims that EDI International, PC, tortiously interfered with SG Blocks, Inc’s economic relationship with HCP and HOLA. The complaint seeks in excess of $1,275,754 in damages. EDI International, PC, filed a cross-complaint for alleged unpaid fees and tortious interference with EDI International, PC’s contractual relationship with HCP and HOLA. EDI International, PC’s cross-complaint seeks in excess of $30,428.71 in damages. On July 8, 2020, SG Blocks, Inc. added PVE LLC as a defendant in the lawsuit, claiming PVE LLC is liable to the same extent as EDI International, PC. In May 2021, the parties settled EDI International, PC’s affirmative claims, and its cross-complaint was dismissed with prejudice on August 23, 2021. On SG Blocks, Inc.’s remaining claims, trial is set for October 2024. The likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is neither probable nor remote and we cannot, consistent with the Statement, estimate the amount or range of recovery in the event of an unfavorable outcome.

46

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

18. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

3.) Teton Buildings, LLC

(i) On January 1, 2019, the Company commenced an action against Teton Buildings, LLC (“Teton”) in Harris County, Texas (“Teton Texas Action”) to recover approximately $2,100,000 arising from defendant’s breach of the operative contract related to the HOLA Project  entered into on or about June 2, 2017. The Petition brought claims of breach of contract, negligence, and breach of express warranty. In or about February 2022, the Company dismissed without prejudice the Teton Texas Action.

(ii) On or about September 12, 2018, the Company entered into a Firm Price Quote and Purchase (the “GVL Contract”) with Teton to govern the manufacture and provision of 23 shipping containers and modular units (the “Teton GVL Modules”) for the Four Oaks Gather GVL project in South Carolina (the “GVL Project”). The Company maintains that Teton breached the GVL Contract by (i) failing to timely deliver the Teton GVL Modules, (ii) delivering Teton GVL Modules that were defective in their design and manufacture, (iii) otherwise failed to meet South Carolina Building Code regulations and (iv) breached applicable warranties. As a result of the breach and defects in performance, design and manufacture by Teton, Company asserts that it has sustained $761,401.66 in actual and consequential damages, excluding attorney’s fees. On October 16, 2019, Teton filed for Chapter 11 in the United States Bankruptcy Court for Southern District of Texas, Houston Division styled In re: Teton Buildings, LLC and bearing the case number 19-35811. On February 11, 2020, the Company filed a proof of claim again Teton in the amount of $2,861,401.66 arising from the HOLA Project and the GVL Contract.

On or about March 16, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court converted Teton’s Chapter 11 reorganization case to a Chapter 7 liquidation case. On July 18, 2019, Ronald Sommers, the Chapter 7 Trustee, filed a Report of No Distribution stating that there is no property available for distribution to creditors. On August 20, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court closed the Teton bankruptcy case. As such, there is no prospect of any recovery against Teton.

On January 22, 2021, the Company filed a third-party complaint against Teton in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Case No. 2:20−cv−03432 in the HOLA Action (described above), seeking to determine Teton’s liability in its capacity as a bankruptcy debtor in order to collect any damages payable from Teton’s liability insurance carrier or carriers. On July 23, 2021, the Company filed a First Amended Third-Party Complaint against Teton and other named third party defendants (see #2 below). Teton has been served with the First Amended Third-Party Complaint and on or about February 11, 2022, Teton filed an answer and affirmative defenses.

On or about December 31, 2022, the parties who appeared in the HOLA Action, including Teton by and through its insurance carrier, executed a Settlement Agreement and Release. On February 28, 2023 the court “so ordered” the parties’ stipulation dismissing all causes of action against the parties to the Settlement Agreement and Release.

 Other Litigation

1.) SG Blocks, Inc. v . Osang Healthcare Company, Ltd.,

On April 14, 2021, the Company commenced an action against Osang Healthcare Company, Ltd. (“Osang”) in the United States District Court, Eastern District of New York, Case No. 21-01990 (“Osang Action”). The Company has asserted that Osang materially breached a certain Managed Supply Agreement (“MSA”) entered into between the parties on October 12, 2020, pursuant to which the Company received on consignment two million (2,000,000) units of Osang’s “Genefinder Plus RealAmp Covid-19 PCR Test” (the “Covid-19 Test”) for domestic and international distribution. The Company has also asserted that Osang breached the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, fraudulently induced it to enter into the MSA, and violated §349 of the New York General Business Law’s prohibition of deceptive business practices.

47

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

18. Commitments and Contingencies (continued)

On June 18, 2021, Osang served a motion to dismiss the Osang Action pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. On July 30, 2021, the Company served its opposition to the motion to dismiss. On September 22, 2022, the court entered an order granting in part and denying in part Osang’s motion to dismiss. The court denied that part of Osang’s motion that sought dismissal of the Company’s causes of action for breach of contract (but denied recovery of lost profits) and fraud, but dismissed the Company’s causes of action for breach of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, indemnification, accounting, and violation of the New York Unlawful and Deceptive Trade Practices Act (GBL §349).

A status conference was held on November 16, 2022 at which time the Court entered a scheduling order for the conducting of discovery. Discovery is ongoing. A settlement conference was held by the Court on March 14, 2023, of which the Company was granted $450,000.

2.) John Williams Shaw and Leo Patrick Shaw

On March 15, 2023, a complaint was filed against John Williams Shaw and Leo Patrick Shaw (the “Defendants”) in the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York seeking damaged to recover short swing profits from the Defendants pursuant to Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act. On September 26, 2023, the matter was settled and on, October 3, 2023, a Stipulation and Order of Dismissal with Prejudice was filed and so-ordered by the assigned judge.The Company is currently unable to predict the outcome or possible recovery, if any, associated with the resolution of this litigation, and, accordingly, the Company has made no provision related to this matter in the consolidated financial statements.

Commitments

In April 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to its employment agreement, dated January 1, 2017, with Paul Gavin (the "Amendment"), to extend the term of employment to December 31, 2021, provide for an annual base salary of $400,000 provide for a performance bonus structure for a bonus of up to 50% of base salary upon the Company’s achievement of $2,000,000 EBITDA and additional performance bonus payments for the achievement of EBITDA in excess of $2,000,000 based on a percentage of the incremental increase in EBITDA (ranging from 10% of the incremental increase in EBITDA if the Company achieves over $2,000,000 and up to $7,000,000 in EBITDA, 8% of the incremental increase in EBITDA if the Company achieves over $7,000,000 and up to $12,000,000 in EBITDA and 3% of the incremental increase in EBITDA over $12,000,000), provide for a profits-based additional bonus of up to $250,000 in certain limited circumstances, and provide for one (1) year severance, plus a pro-rated amount of any unpaid bonus earned by him during the year as verified by the Company’s principal financial officer, if Mr. Galvin is terminated without cause. At the Company’s option, up to fifty (50%) percent of the EBITDA performance bonuses may be paid in restricted stock units if then available for grant under the Company’s Incentive Plan.

On July 5, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to its employment agreement, dated January 1, 2017, as amended, with Paul Galvin, to provide for the payment of an annual base salary of $500,000 and on September 19, 2023 the agreement was amended to increase the annual base salary to $750,000. All other terms of the employment agreement remain in full force and effect.

On May 1, 2023, the Company appointed Patricia Kaelin as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and entered into an employment agreement with Patricia Kaelin (the “Kaelin Employment Agreement”) to employ Ms. Kaelin in such capacity for an initial term of two (2) years, which provides for an annual base salary of $250,000, a discretionary bonus of up to 20% of her base salary upon achievement of objectives as may be determined by the Company’s board of directors and severance in the event of a termination without cause on or after September 30, 2023 in amount equal to equal to one year’s annual base salary and benefits. The Kaelin Employment Agreement also provides for the grant to Ms. Kaelin of a restricted stock grant under the Company’s Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and as available for grant, of 60,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, vesting quarterly on a pro-rata basis over the next eighteen (18) months of continuous service. Ms. Kaelin is subject to a one-year post-termination non-compete and non-solicit of employees and clients. She is also bound by confidentiality provisions. During July 2023, Ms. Kaelin’s annual base salary was adjusted to $300,000, retroactive to May 1, 2023.

48

SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

19. Related Party Transactions

On December 14, 2023, the Company and Mr. Galvin entered into the Galvin Note Payable and an additional note payable during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.  See Note 9 – Notes Payable.

20. Subsequent Events

On July 31, 2024, SG Building entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the “Fifth Cedar Cash Advance Agreement”) with Cedar, pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $1,957,150 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $1,350,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid and the repayment of prior amounts due to Cedar, for net proceeds to SG Building of $285,180. Cedar is expected to withdraw $49,150 a week directly from SG Building until the $1,957,150 due to Cedar is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Fifth Cedar Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Fifth Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Fifth Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo.

Subsequent to June 30, 2024, the Company issued 82,645 shares of common stock from the settlement of accounts payable and 197,125 shares of common stock from the issuance of vested restricted stock units. 

49

Introduction and Certain Cautionary Statements

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2024 (this “Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q”), unless the context requires otherwise, references to the "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to Safe & Green Holdings Corp. and its subsidiaries. The following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of our operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes and schedules included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2023, which were included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year then ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on May 7, 2024 (the "2023 Form 10-K"). This discussion, particularly information with respect to our future operations, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties as described under the heading "Special note regarding forward-looking statements" in this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q. You should review the disclosure under the heading "Risk Factors" in the 2023 Form 10-K and in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion for important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements.

Special note regarding forward-looking statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. The statements contained in this report that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). Statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may use forward-looking terminology, such as "anticipates," "believes," "could," "would," "estimates," "may," "might," "plan," "expect," "intend," "should," "will," or other variations on these terms or their negatives. All statements other than statements of historical facts are statements that could potentially be forward-looking. The Company cautions that forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements or could affect the extent to which a particular objective, projection, estimate or prediction is realized. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to: our ability to continue as a going concern; our ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms, if at all, or to obtain additional capital in other ways ; general economic, political and financial conditions, including inflation, both in the United States and internationally; our ability to increase sales, generate income, effectively manage our growth and realize our backlog; competition in the markets in which we operate, including the consolidation of our industry, our ability to expand into and compete in new geographic markets and our ability to compete by protecting our proprietary manufacturing process; a disruption or cybersecurity breach in our or third-party suppliers' information technology systems; our ability to adapt our products and services to industry standards and consumer preferences and obtain general market acceptance of our products; product shortages and the availability of raw materials, and potential loss of relationships with key vendors, suppliers or subcontractors; the seasonality of the construction industry in general, and the commercial and residential construction markets in particular; a disruption or limited availability with our third party transportation vendors; the loss or potential loss of any significant customers; exposure to product liability, including the possibility that our liability for estimated warranties may be inadequate, and various other claims and litigation; our ability to attract and retain key employees; our ability to attract private investment for sales of product; the credit risk from our customers and our customers' ability to obtaining third-party financing if and as needed; an impairment of goodwill; the impact of federal, state and local regulations, including changes to international trade and tariff policies, and the impact of any failure of any person acting on our behalf to comply with applicable regulations and guidelines; costs incurred relating to current and future legal proceedings or investigations; the cost of compliance with environmental, health and safety laws and other local building regulations; our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards and the impact of changes in the United States' tax rules and regulations; dangers inherent in our operations, such as natural or man-made disruptions to our facilities and project sites and other restrictions on business and commercial activity and the adequacy of our insurance coverage; our ability to comply with the requirements of being a public company; fluctuations in the price of our common stock, including decreases in price due to sales of significant amounts of stock; potential dilution of the ownership of our current stockholders due to, among other things, public offerings or private placements by the Company or issuances upon the exercise of outstanding options or warrants and the vesting of restricted stock units; the ability of our principal stockholders, management and directors to potentially exert control due to their ownership interest; any ability to pay dividends in the future; potential negative reports by securities or industry analysts regarding our business or the construction industry in general; Delaware law provisions discouraging, delaying or preventing a merger or acquisition at a premium price; our ability to remain listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market and the possibility that our stock will be subject to penny stock rules; our classification as a smaller reporting company resulting in, among other things, a potential reduction in active trading of our common stock or increased volatility in our stock price; and any factors discussed in "Part II - Item 1A. Risk Factors" to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as well as “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2023 Form 10-K, and other filings with the SEC. In addition, certain information presented below is based on unaudited financial information. There can be no assurance that there will be no changes to this information once audited financial information is available. As a result, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. The Company will not undertake to update any forward-looking statement herein or that may be made from time to time on behalf of the Company.

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Overview

We operate in the following four segments: (i) construction; (ii) medical; (ii) real estate development; and (iv) environmental. The construction segment designs and constructs modular structures built in our factories using raw materials that are Made-in-America. In the medical segment we use our modular technology to offer turnkey solutions to medical testing and treatment and generating revenue from medical testing. Our real estate development segment builds innovative and green single or multifamily projects in underserved regions nationally using modules built in one of our vertically integrated factories. The environmental segment, the newest segment, is a sustainable medical and waste management solution that has a patented technology to collect waste and treat waste for safe disposal.

We are a provider of modular facilities (“Modules”). We currently provide Modules made out of both code-engineered cargo shipping containers and wood for use as both permanent or temporary structures for residential housing use and commercial use, including for health care facilities. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Modules we supplied were primarily for retail, restaurant and military use and were manufactured by third party suppliers using our proprietary technology and design and engineering expertise, which modifies code-engineered cargo shipping containers and purpose-built modules for use for safe and sustainable commercial, industrial and residential building. Since our acquisition in September 2020 of Echo DCL, LLC (“Echo”), one of our key supply chain providers, we now have more control over the manufacturing process and have increased our product offerings to add Modules made out of wood. In March 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic we began increasing our focus on providing our Modules as health care facilities for deployable medical response solutions. In February 2023, we entered into an agreement with The Peoples Health Care, in Glendale, California, working in conjunction with Teamsters Local 848, to deliver four Modules to provide medical services to union members. In March 2023, we formed Safe & Green Medical Corporation to focus on our medical segment with an objective to establish a national presence with various clinics and labs that cater to the specific needs of local communities. During 2021, through our subsidiary, Safe and Green Development Corporation. (“SG DevCorp”), we also began to focus on acquiring property to build multi-family housing communities that allows us to utilize the manufacturing services of  Echo. SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (“SG Environmental”), formed in Delaware is focused on biomedical waste removal and will utilize a patented technology that it licenses to shred and disinfect biomedical waste, rendering the waste disinfected, unrecognizable, and of no greater risk to the public health than residential household waste.

SG DevCorp develops, co-develops builds and finances single and multi-family homes in underserved regions nationally using modules built in one of our vertically integrated factories. SG DevCorp has a minority interest in Norman Berry II Owners LLC and JDI-Cumberland Inlet LLC.

Recent Developments

On May 1, 2024, we filed an amendment to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware to effect a reverse stock split of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 (the “Common Stock”), at a ratio of 1-for-20, with an effective time of 12:01 a.m. Eastern Time on May 2, 2024. Upon the opening of trading on May 2, 2024, the Common Stock began trading under the existing trading symbol “SGBX” on a split-adjusted basis under a new CUSIP number, 78418A604.

On June 4, 2024, we received an expanded contract value in excess of $1,000,000, to construct an additional 11 container modules and related services for a government contractor to be used by an undisclosed major U.S. government agency, bringing the total container modules ordered and delivered to 26 units. On June 25, 2024, we received an expansion of an agreement to manufacture seven additional container-based electrical distribution centers as part of a multi-unit order for a client serving the big box retailer market, bringing the total units ordered to 11.

On July 25, 2024, we received an extension of time, through November 12, 2024, to regain compliance with Nasdaq’s Listing Rule 5550(b), which requires a minimum of $2,500,000 stockholders’ equity. We expect to regain full compliance with the minimum stockholders’ equity requirement as a result of the recent private placement, cost-cutting initiatives aimed at achieving positive cash flow in 2024, ongoing debt reduction, and other strategic initiatives underway.

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Results of Operations

Six Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:

		For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024			For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Total revenue	$	2,271,347		$	10,600,990
Total cost of revenue	(1,739,232		)	(10,636,832		)
Total payroll and related expenses	(4,997,798		)	(5,498,819		)
Total other operating expenses	(2,360,583		)	(3,336,266		)
Total operating loss	(6,826,266		)	(8,870,927		)
Total other expense	(2,978,532		)	(204,037		)
Total loss before income tax	(9,804,798		)	(9,074,964		)
Common stock deemed dividend	(670,881		)	—
Add: Net income attributable non-controlling interest	(1,946,822		)	—
Net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	(8,528,857	)	$	(9,074,964	)

Revenue

During the six months ended June 30, 2024, we derived revenue from our construction segment and development segment Total revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was $2,271,347 compared to $10,600,990 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. This decrease of $8,329,643 or approximately 79% was mainly driven by a decrease in revenues from construction services due to less jobs in progress. 

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

Cost of revenue was $1,739,232 for the six months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $10,636,832 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. The decrease of $8,897,600 or a decrease of approximately 84%, is primarily related to the decrease in construction services during the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Gross profit (loss) was $532,115 and $(35,842) for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Gross profit (loss) margin percentage increased to 23% for the six months ended June 30, 2024 compared to 0% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 primarily due to the recognition of losses on construction services recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2023.

Operating Expenses

Payroll and related expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2024 were $4,997,798 compared to $5,498,819 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was primarily caused by a decrease in the vesting of restricted stock units during the six months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to the prior period.

Other operating expenses (general and administrative expenses, marketing and business development expenses, pre-project expenses) for the six months ended June 30, 2024 were $2,360,583 compared to $3,336,266 for the six months ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was due to an overall decrease in operating expenses spend during 2024.

Other Income (Expense)

Interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was $9,570 mainly derived from bank interest and interest associated with an outstanding note receivable. There was $18,816 of interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2023. There was $183,982  and $588,490 of other income for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Interest expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $3,172,084 and $811,343, respectively. The increase in interest expense resulted from an increase in notes payable balances during 2024.

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Three Months Ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:

		For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2024			For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Total revenue	$	1,253,416		$	5,097,055
Total cost of revenue		(1,094,249	)		(5,063,425	)
Total payroll and related expenses		(1,729,729	)		(4,184,429	)
Total other operating expenses		(1,223,245	)		(1,460,059	)
Total operating loss		(2,793,807	)		(5,610,858	)
Total other expense		(1,753,963	)		55,334
Total loss before income tax		(4,547,770	)		(5,555,524	)
Add: Net income attributable non-controlling interest		689,077			—
Net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	(3,858,693	)	$	(5,555,524	)

Revenue

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we derived revenue primarily from our construction segment. Total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2024 was $1,253,416 compared to $5,097,055 for the three months ended June 30, 2023. This decrease of $3,843,639 or approximately 75% was mainly driven by a decrease in construction services due to less job in progress.

Cost of Revenue and Gross Profit

Cost of revenue was $1,094,249 for the three months ended June 30, 2024, compared to $5,063,425 for the three months ended June 30, 2023. The increase of $3,969,176 or a decrease of approximately 78%, is primarily related to the decrease in construction services during the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Gross profit was $159,167 and $33,630 for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Gross profit margin percentage increased to 13% for the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to 1% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 primarily due to the recognition of losses on construction services recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2023.

Operating Expenses

Payroll and related expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2024 were $1,729,729 compared to $4,184,429 for the three months ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was primarily caused by a decrease in the vesting of restricted stock units during the three months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to the prior year period.

Other operating expenses (general and administrative expenses, marketing and business development expenses, pre-project expenses) for the three months ended June 30, 2024 were $1,223,245 compared to $1,460,059 for the three months ended June 30, 2023. This decrease was due to an overall decrease in operating expenses spend during 2024.

Other Income (Expense)

There was $9,454 of interest income for the three months ended June 30, 2023. There was $135,365 and $569,851 of other income for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $1,889,328 and $523,971, respectively. The increase in interest expense resulted from an increase in notes payable balances during 2024.

Income Tax Provision

A 100% valuation allowance was provided against the deferred tax asset consisting of available net operating loss carry forwards and, accordingly, no income tax benefit was provided.

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Impact of Inflation

Inflation has caused increases on some of the Company's estimated costs for construction projects in progress and completed during the past two fiscal years, which has affected the Company's revenue and income (loss) from continuing operations.

Our operations for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 may not be indicative of our future operations. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had an aggregate of $1,016,784 and $17,448, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.

Historically, our operations have primarily been funded through proceeds from equity and debt financings, as well as revenue from operations.

We have negative operating cash flows, which has raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for a period of one year after the date the financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are issued.

We intend to meet our capital needs from revenue generated from operations and by containing costs, entering into strategic alliances, as well as exploring other options, including the possibility of raising additional debt or equity capital as necessary. There is, however, no assurance we will be successful in meeting our capital requirements prior to becoming cash flow positive. We do not have any additional sources secured for future funding, and if we are unable to raise the necessary capital at the times we require such funding, we may need to materially change our business plan, including delaying implementation of aspects of such business plan or curtailing or abandoning such business plan altogether.

On May 3, 2024, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “May Securities Purchase Agreement”) for a private placement (the “Private Placement”) with a single accredited institutional investor (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser agreed to purchase 130,000 shares (the “Shares”) of our common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), and pre-funded warrants to purchase 1,249,310 shares of Common Stock in lieu thereof (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) and common warrants (the “Common Warrants”) to purchase up to 2,758,620 shares of Common Stock. Pursuant to the May Securities Purchase Agreement, the combined offering price of each Share and Common Warrant was set at $2.90 and the combined offering price of each Pre-Funded Warrant and Common Warrant was set at $2.8999. The Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Common Warrants and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities.”

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The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, may be exercised at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full, and have an exercise price of $0.0001 per share. The Common Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, have a term of five years from the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined below) registering the Shares and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants and have an exercise price of $2.65 per share. A holder may not exercise any Pre-Funded Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. A holder may not exercise any Common Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the Common Stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants, respectively, the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which holders of common stock are entitled.

In the event of a “Fundamental Transaction,” which term is defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants and generally includes (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person (as defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants) in which the Company is not the surviving entity (other than a reincorporation in a different state, a transaction for changing the Company’s name, or a similar transaction pursuant to which the surviving company remains a public company), (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in one or a series of related transactions (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not include such transactions that do not require approval of the Company’s stockholders), (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property other than a stock split, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised such warrants immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction. Additionally, as more fully described in the Common Warrants, in the event of certain Fundamental Transactions, the holders of the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive consideration in an amount equal to the Black Scholes Value (as defined in the Common Warrants) of the remaining unexercised portion of the Common Warrants on the date of consummation of such Fundamental Transaction.

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The Private Placement closed on May 7, 2024. We received gross proceeds from the Private Placement of approximately $4.0 million before deducting fees to the placement agent and other offering expenses. We intend to use the net proceeds from the Private Placement for general corporate purposes and potential repayment of indebtedness.

On July 31, 2024, SG Building Blocks, Inc. (“SG Building”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the “Fifth Cedar Cash Advance Agreement”) with Cedar Advance LLC (“Cedar”), pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $1,957,150 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $1,350,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid and the repayment of prior amounts due to Cedar, for net proceeds to SG Building of $285,180. Cedar is expected to withdraw $49,150 a week directly from SG Building until the $1,957,150 due to Cedar is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Fifth Cedar Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Fifth Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Fifth Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.

We continue to generate losses from operations. As of June 30, 2024, our stockholders’ equity was $(4,789,275), compared to $(6,334,859) as of December 31, 2023, and we had an accumulated deficit of$ 83,033,136, compared to $75,930,805 as of December 31, 2023. Our net loss attributable to our common stockholders for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was $8,528,857and net cash used in operating activities was $4,076,229.

We will need to generate additional revenues or secure additional financing sources, such as debt or equity capital, to fund future growth, which financing may not be available on favorable terms or at all. We are in the process of securing funding, which we believe will provide the needed working capital until we are cash flow positive, which we believe will be in the second half of 2024. If we are unable to raise the necessary capital at the times we require such funding, we may need to materially change our business plan, including delaying implementation of aspects of such business plan or curtailing or abandoning such business plan altogether.

Cash Flow Summary

	Three Months Ended June 30,
		2024		2023
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	(4,618,283	)	$	(3,039,177	)
Investing activities		(192,138	)		(669,006	)
Financing activities		5,809,757			4,726,738
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	$	999,336		$	1,018,555

Operating activities used net cash of $4,618,283 during the six months ended June 30, 2024, and used net cash of $3,039,177 during the six months ended June 30, 2023. Generally, our net operating cash flows fluctuate primarily based on changes in our profitability and working capital. Cash used in operating activities increase by approximately $1,579,106.

Investing activities used net cash of $192,138 during the six months ended June 30, 2024, and $669,006 net cash during the six months ended June 30, 2023 a increase in cash used of $476,868. This  amount resulted from $8,229 in purchases of  property an equipment, $1,082 received from our business combination and $184,990 in project development costs.

Financing activities provided net cash of $5,809,757 during the six months ended June 30, 2024. Financing activities provided $4,726,738 net cash during the six months ended June 30, 2023.  This amount resulted from $1,588,001 in repayments of short-term notes payable, proceeds of $2,741,867 from the issuances of short-term notes payable, $494,213 received from a warrant inducement transaction, $15 from prefunded warrant exercise, and $3,619,253 from proceed from issuance of stock.

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There can be no assurance that our customers will decide to and/or be able to proceed with these construction projects, or that we will ultimately recognize revenue from these projects in a timely manner or at all.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements to which we are a party.

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into agreements with third parties that include indemnification provisions which, in our judgment, are normal and customary for companies in our industry sector. These agreements are typically with consultants and certain vendors. Pursuant to these agreements, we generally agree to indemnify, hold harmless, and reimburse indemnified parties for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified parties with respect to actions taken or omitted by us. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification provisions is unlimited. We have not incurred material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification provisions. As a result, the estimated fair value of liabilities relating to these provisions is minimal. Accordingly, we have no liabilities recorded for these provisions as of June 30, 2024.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared using generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). In connection with the preparation of the financial statements, we are required to make assumptions and estimates and apply judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses, and the related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates, and judgments on historical experience, current trends, and other factors that we believe to be relevant at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. On a regular basis, we review the accounting policies, assumptions, estimates, and judgments to ensure that our financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. However, because future events and their effects cannot be determined with certainty, actual results could differ from our assumptions and estimates, and such differences could be material.

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in “Note 3— Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We believe that the following accounting policies are the most critical in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results.

Share-based payments. We measure the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For employees and directors, including non-employee directors, the fair value of the award is measured on the grant date. For non-employees, the fair value of the award is generally re-measured on interim financial reporting dates and vesting dates until the service period is complete. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. We recognize stock-based compensation expense on a graded-vesting basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of each award. Stock-based compensation expense to employees and all directors is reported within payroll and related expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Stock-based compensation expense to non-employees is reported within marketing and business development expense in the consolidated statements of operations. 

Other derivative financial instruments. We classify as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or (ii) provide a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in our own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement), provided that such contracts are indexed to our own stock. We classify as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net-cash settle the contract if any event occurs and if that event is outside SGB’s control) or (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement shares (physical settlement or net-cash settlement). SGB assesses classification of common stock purchase warrants and other free-standing derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities or equity is required

Convertible instruments. We bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and accounts for them as free-standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (i) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract; (ii) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable GAAP measures with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur; and (iii) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument.

We determined that the embedded conversion options that were included in the previously outstanding convertible debentures should be bifurcated from their host and a portion of the proceeds received upon the issuance of the hybrid contract has been allocated to the fair value of the derivative. The derivative was subsequently marked to market at each reporting date based on current fair value, with the changes in fair value reported in results of operations.

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Critical Accounting Estimates (continued)

Revenue recognition – We determine, at contract inception, whether we will transfer control of a promised good or service over time or at a point in time, regardless of the length of contract or other factors. The recognition of revenue aligns with the timing of when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, we apply the following five steps in accordance with its revenue policy:

                (1)  Identify the contract with a customer

                (2)  Identify the performance obligations in the contract

                (3)  Determine the transaction price

                (4)  Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

                (5)  Recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied

     On certain contracts, the Company applies recognition of revenue over time, which is similar to the method the Company applied under previous guidance (i.e. percentage of completion). Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is possible that estimates of costs to complete a performance obligation will be revised in the near-term. For those performance obligations for which revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method, changes in total estimated costs, and related progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions to the estimates are made. When the current estimate of total costs for a performance obligation indicate a loss, a provision for the entire estimated loss on the unsatisfied performance obligation is made in the period in which the loss becomes evident.

For product or equipment sales, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such goods, which is at a point in time. Additionally, SG DevCorp has begun to generate revenue resulting from commissions on residential real estate purchases and sales transactions. For this revenue, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such service, which his at a point in time.

Goodwill – The Company performs its impairment test of goodwill at the reporting unit level each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its reporting unit below its carrying values. The Company performs a goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value and recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill. The amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, if any, is recognized as an impairment loss. There were no impairments during the six months ended June 30, 2024 or 2023.

Intangible assets – Intangible assets consist of $68,344 of trademarks, and $27,510 of website costs that are being amortized over 5 years. The Company evaluated intangible assets for impairment during the year ended December 31, 2023 and determined that there was an $1,880,547 impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 relating to intangible assets of proprietary knowledge and technology. The amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $6,834 and $47,291, respectively. The accumulated amortization as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $56,558 and $2,852,929, respectively. The remaining balance of the Company’ intangible assets is comprised of software development costs which are not yet placed in service.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 3 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements for all recently adopted and new accounting pronouncements.

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Non-GAAP Financial Information

In addition to our results under GAAP, we also present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for historical periods. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures and have been presented as supplemental measures of financial performance that are not required by, or presented in accordance with, GAAP. We calculate EBITDA as net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders before interest expense, income tax benefit (expense), depreciation and amortization. We calculate Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA before certain non-recurring, unusual or non-operational items, such as litigation expense, stock issuance expense and stock compensation expense. We believe that adjusting EBITDA to exclude the effects of these items that are not closely associated with ongoing corporate operations provides management and investors with a meaningful measure that increases period-to -period comparability of our operating performance.

We believe the presentation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA is relevant and useful by enhancing the readers’ ability to understand the Company’s operating performance. Our management utilizes EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA as a means to measure performance. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are also frequently used by analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry. These measures, when used in conjunction with related GAAP financial measures, provide investors with an additional financial analytical framework that may be useful in assessing us and our results of operations.

Our measurements of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similar titled measures reported by other companies. Other companies, including other companies in our industry, may not use such measures or may calculate one or more of the measures differently than as presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, limiting their usefulness as a comparative measure. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not measurements of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, or any other measures of financial performance derived in accordance with GAAP. We do not consider these non-GAAP measures to be substitutes for or superior to the information provided by our GAAP financial results. . The non-GAAP information should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes.

These measures also should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by the non-recurring, unusual or non-operational items for which these non-GAAP measures make adjustments. Additionally, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not intended to be liquidity measures. 

Non-GAAP Financial Information (continued)

The following is a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to the nearest GAAP measure, net gain (loss) attributable to common stockholders:

		Three Months Ended June 30, 2024			Three Months Ended June 30, 2023			Six Months Ended June 30, 2024			Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	(3,858,693	)	$	(5,555,524	)	$	(8,528,857	)	$	(9,074,964	)
Addback interest expense		1,889,328			523,971			3,172,084			811,343
Addback interest income		—			(9,454	)		(9,570	)		(18,816	)
Addback depreciation and amortization		15,125			160,455			91,512			298,767
EBITDA (non-GAAP)		(1,954,240	)		(4,880,552	)		(5,274,831	)		(7,983,670	)
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—			670,881			—
Addback litigation expense		168,500			—			312,245			17,361
Addback stock issued for services		—			47,500			251,361			484,825
Addback stock compensation expense		348,308			2,554,262			527,336			3,210,631
Adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP)	$	(1,437,432	)	$	(2,278,790	)	$	(3,513,008	)	$	(4,270,853	)

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Not required.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management of Safe & Green Holdings Corp., with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Exchange Act, Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Evaluation Date”). Based upon that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

The Principal Executive Officer and the Principal Financial Officer believe that the condensed consolidated financial statements and other information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q present fairly, in all material respects, our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Other than as described above, for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2024, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluations required by Rule 13a-15(d) or Rule 15d-15(d) under the Exchange Act that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. The design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Projections of any evaluation of controls effectiveness to future periods are subject to risks. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures.

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The information included in "Note 18 - Commitments and Contingencies" of our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report Form 10-Q is incorporated by reference into this Item.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully the following risks, together with all other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. If any of the following risks actually materializes, our operating results, financial condition and liquidity could be materially adversely affected. As a result, the trading price of our common stock could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment. The following information updates, and should be read in conjunction with, the information disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors," contained in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the “2023 Form 10-K”). There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in “Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2023 Form 10-K, except as follows: 

If we are not successful in our efforts to increase sales or raise capital, we could experience a shortfall in cash over the next twelve months, and our ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms, if at all, may be limited.

At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents and a short-term investment, collectively, of $1,016,784 and $17,448 respectively. However, during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and year ended December 31, 2023, we reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. of $8,528,857 and $9,074,964, respectively, and used $4,618,283 and $3,039,177 of cash for operations, respectively. If we are not successful with our efforts to increase revenue, we could experience a shortfall in cash over the next twelve months. If there is a shortfall, we may be forced to reduce operating expenses, among other steps, all of which would have a material adverse effect on our operations going forward.

We may also seek to obtain debt or additional equity financing to meet any cash shortfalls. The type, timing and terms of any financing we may select will depend on, among other things, our cash needs, the availability of other financing sources and prevailing conditions in the financial markets. However, there can be no assurance that we will be able to secure additional funds if needed and that, if such funds are available, the terms or conditions would be acceptable to us. In addition, our inability to currently utilize a short form registration statement on Form S-3 may impair our ability to obtain capital in a timely fashion. If we are unable to secure additional financing, further reduction in operating expenses might need to be substantial in order for us to ensure enough liquidity to sustain our operations. Any equity financing would be dilutive to our stockholders. If we incur debt, we will likely be subject to restrictive covenants that significantly limit our operating flexibility and require us to encumber our assets. If we fail to raise sufficient funds and continue to incur losses, our ability to fund our operations, take advantage of strategic opportunities, or otherwise respond to competitive pressures will be significantly limited. Any of the above limitations could force us to significantly curtail or cease our operations, and you could lose all of your investment in our common stock. These circumstances have raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, and continued cash losses may risk our status as a going concern. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Our independent registered public accounting firm has expressed doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

The report of our independent registered public accounting firm contains a note stating that the accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming we will continue as a going concern. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents and a short-term investment, collectively, of $ 1,016,784 and $17,448, respectively. However, during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and year ended December 31, 2023, we reported a net loss attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. of $8,528,857 and $9,074,964, respectively, and used $4,618,283 and $3,039,177 of cash for operations, respectively.

We have incurred losses since inception, have negative working capital of $14,875,215 as of June 30, 2024 and have negative operating cash flows, which has raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. We expect our current cash and the proceeds from anticipated financings to be sufficient for working capital until we are cash flow positive, which we believe will be in the first half of 2024.

The loss of one or a few customers could have a material adverse effect on us.

A few customers have in the past, and may in the future, account for a significant portion of our revenues in any one year or over a period of several consecutive years. For example, for the three months ended June 30, 2024 approximately 86% of our revenue was generated from one customer and for the year ended December 31, 2023, approximately 87% of our revenue was generated from one customers. Although we have contractual relationships with many of our significant customers, our customers may unilaterally reduce or discontinue their contracts with us at any time. The loss of business from a significant customer could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

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Our clients may adjust, cancel or suspend the contracts in our backlog; as such, our backlog is not necessarily indicative of our future revenues or earnings. In addition, even if fully performed, our backlog is not a good indicator of our future gross margins.

Backlog represents the total dollar amount of revenues we expect to record in the future as a result of performing work under contracts we have been awarded. Backlog may fluctuate significantly due to the timing of orders or awards for large projects and is not necessarily indicative of future backlog levels or the rate at which backlog will be recognized as revenue. We include in backlog only those contracts for which we have reasonable assurance that the customer can obtain the permits for construction and can fund the construction. As of December 31, 2023, our backlog totaled approximately $1.9 million and as of June 30, 2024, our backlog totaled approximately $4.1 million. Our backlog is described more in detail in “Note 13—Construction Backlog” of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We cannot provide assurance that our backlog will be realized as revenues in the amounts reported or, if realized, will result in profits. In accordance with industry practice, substantially all of our contracts are subject to cancellation, termination or suspension at our customer’s discretion. In the event of a project cancellation, we generally would not have a contractual right to the total revenue reflected in our backlog. Projects can remain in backlog for extended periods of time because of the nature of the project and the timing of the particular services required by the project. In addition, the risk of contracts in backlog being cancelled or suspended generally increases during periods of widespread economic slowdowns or in response to changes in commodity prices.

The contracts in our backlog are subject to changes in the scope of services to be provided and adjustments to the costs relating to the contracts. The revenue for certain contracts included in backlog is based on estimates. Additionally, our performance of our individual contracts can affect greatly our gross margins and, therefore, our future profitability. We can provide no assurance that the contracts in backlog, assuming they produce revenues in the amounts currently estimated, will generate gross margins at the rates we have realized in the past.

The issuance of shares of our common stock upon the exercise of outstanding options, warrants and restricted stock units may dilute the percentage ownership of the then-existing stockholders and may make it more difficult to raise additional equity capital.

At June 30, 2024, there were options, restricted stock units and warrants of 1,822, 14,887 and 4,023,411, respectively, outstanding that could potentially dilute future net income per share. Because the Company had a net loss as of June 30, 2024, it is prohibited from including potential common shares in the computation of diluted per share amounts. Accordingly, the Company has used the same number of shares outstanding to calculate both the basic and diluted loss per share. At June 30, 2023, there were no restricted stock units and options and warrants of1,822 and 126,251, respectively, outstanding that could potentially dilute future net income per share.

If SG DevCorp were to default in its obligation to repay the loan received from BCV S&G it could adversely affect our investment in SG DevCorp.

To date, SG DevCorp has received $1,750,000 as a secured loan from BCV S&G, a Luxembourg-based specialized investment fund, and has entered into a loan agreement with BCV S&G DevCorp to receive up to $2,000,000 as a secured loan. The loan matures on December 1, 2024 and is secured by 1,999,999 of our shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock. The loan agreement, as amended, provides that if SG DevCorp’s shares of common stock were not listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market before September 30, 2023 or if following such listing the total market value of the pledged shares falls below twice the face value of the loan, the loan would be further secured by SG DevCorp’s St. Mary’s industrial site. Following the listing, the total market value of the pledged shares has fallen below twice the face value of the loan and SG DevCorp and BCV S&G are in discussions regarding alternatives. If SG DevCorp were to default in its obligation to repay the loan when due it could adversely affect our investment in SG DevCorp.

Changes in general economic conditions, geopolitical conditions, domestic and foreign trade policies, monetary policies and other factors beyond our control may adversely impact our business and operating results.

The uncertain financial markets, disruptions in supply chains, mobility restraints, and changing priorities as well as volatile asset values also affect our business operations and our ability to enter into collaborations and joint ventures. To date, inflation has caused increases on some of our estimated costs for construction projects in progress and completed during the past two fiscal years, which has affected our revenue and income(loss) from continuing operations. It is difficult to predict the impact on increasing inflation on our operations. We are actively monitoring the effects these disruptions and increasing inflation could have on our operations. 

62

A number of other economic and geopolitical factors both in the U.S. and abroad, could ultimately have material adverse effects on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, including the following:

● effects of significant changes in economic, monetary and fiscal policies in the U.S. and abroad including currency fluctuations, inflationary pressures and significant income tax changes;

● supply chain disruptions;

●
a global or regional economic slowdown in any of our market segments;

●
changes in government policies and regulations affecting the Company or its significant customers;

●
postponement of spending, in response to tighter credit, financial market volatility and other factors;

● rapid material escalation of the cost of regulatory compliance and litigation;

● the effects of the war in the Middle East;

●
longer payment cycles;

● credit risks and other challenges in collecting accounts receivable; and

● the impact of each of the foregoing on outsourcing and procurement arrangements.

Failure to meet NASDAQ’s continued listing requirements could result in the delisting of our common stock, negatively impact the price of our common stock and negatively impact our ability to raise additional capital.

Our Common Stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq” or the “Nasdaq Capital Market”), which imposes, among other requirements, a minimum bid requirement. On May 10, 2024, the Company received a letter (the “Delisting Notice”) from The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) notifying the Company that Nasdaq previously notified the Company on November 7, 2023 that the Company was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (“Rule 5550(a)(2)”), which requires a minimum bid price of at least $1.00 per share for continued listing.On May 16, 2014, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq stating that for the period from May 2, 2024 to May 15, 2024, the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock had been at $1.00 per share or greater, and accordingly the Company had regained compliance with Rule 5550(a)(2). However, the Company cannot provide assurances that it will be able to continue to comply with Rule 5550(a)(2) in the future.

On April 19, 2024, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq notifying it that it was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) (“Rule 5250(c)(1)”), which requires companies to timely file all required periodic financial reports with the SEC for continued listing. On May 13, 2024, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq notifying the Company that, based on the May 7, 2024 and May 10, 2024 filings of the Company’s Form 10-K and Form 10-K/A, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company had regained compliance with Rule 5250(c)(1). However, the Company cannot provide assurances that it will be able to continue to comply with Rule 5250(c)(1) in the future.

On May 16, 2024, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq notifying the Company that it was not in compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) (“Rule 5550(b)(1)”) because the stockholders’ equity of the Company of $6,334,859, as reported in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, was below the minimum requirement of $2.5 million. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the Company does not have a market value of listed securities of $35 million, or net income from continued operations of $500,000 in the most recently completed fiscal year or in two of the last three most recently completed fiscal years, the alternative quantitative standards for continued listing on Nasdaq.  In accordance with Nasdaq’s Listing Rules, the Company had until June 30, 2024 to submit a plan to regain compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1). On July 25, 2024, Nasdaq notified the Company that, based on its review of the Company and the materials submitted by the Company to Nasdaq, Nasdaq Staff determined to grant the Company an extension to regain compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1) until November 12, 2024, subject to the Company regaining and evidencing compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1) by such date.

The Company expects to regain compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1) as a result of the recent private placement, cost-cutting initiatives aimed at achieving positive cash flow in 2024, ongoing debt reduction and other strategic initiatives; provided that there can be no assurances that such measures will be consummated or that they will achieve their intended effects. If the Company does not regain compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1) by November 12, 2024, Nasdaq will provide written notice that our common stock is subject to delisting. At such time, the Company would be entitled to appeal the delisting determination to a Nasdaq Hearing Panel (the "Panel"). The hearing request would stay any suspension or delisting action pending the conclusion of the hearing process and expiration of any additional extension period granted by the Panel following the hearing.

Any delisting of the Company’s common stock from Nasdaq, including as a result of its inability to regain compliance with Rule 5550(b)(1), could adversely affect the Company’s ability to attract new investors, reduce the liquidity of its outstanding shares of common stock, reduce its ability to raise additional capital, reduce the price at which its common stock trades, result in negative publicity and increase the transaction costs inherent in trading such shares with overall negative effects for the Company’s stockholders. The Company cannot assure its investors that its common stock, if delisted from Nasdaq, will be listed on another national securities exchange or quoted on an over-the-counter quotation system. In addition, delisting of the Company’s common stock could deter broker-dealers from making a market in or otherwise seeking or generating interest in the Company’s common stock and might deter certain institutions and persons from investing in the Company’s securities at all. For these reasons and others, delisting could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and liquidity.

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None.

None. 

Not applicable.  

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Arrangements

During the three months ended June 30,2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

64

EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number	Description
2.1	Separation and Distribution Agreement by and between the Registrant and Safe and Green Development Corporation (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 28, 2023 (File No. 001-38037))
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 7, 2016 (File No. 000-22563)).
3.2	Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 7, 2016 (File No. 000-22563)).
3.3	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2017 (File No. 000-22563)).
3.4	Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Designation, dated May 11, 2017 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 12, 2017 (File No. 001-38037)).
3.5	Certificate of Elimination of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, dated December 13, 2018 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 17, 2018 (File No. 001-38037)).
3.6	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated June 5, 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 5, 2019 (File No. 001-38037)).
3.7	Form of Certificate of Designation of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.7 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-235295) as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 9, 2019).
3.8	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, of the Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 5, 2020 (File No. 001-38037)).
3.9	Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company dated June 4, 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 7, 2021 (File No. 001-38037)).
3.10	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, of the Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 22, 2022 (File No. 001-38037)).
3.11	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, of the Company (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 17, 2023 (File No. 001-38037))
3.12	Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 2, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
4.1	Form of Pre-Funded Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
4.2	Form of Common Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
4.3	Form of Placement Agent’s Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 9, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
4.4	Form of Common Warrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed by the Registrant with the Securities Exchange Commission on May 17, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))

65

10.1	Standard Cash Advance Agreement, dated July 31, 2024, by and between SG Building Blocks, Inc. and Cedar Advance LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities Exchange Commission on August 7, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
10.2	Settlement Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2024, by and among Farnam Street Financial, Inc., Safe & Green Holdings Corp., SG Echo LLC, and SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities Exchange Commission on August 7, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
10.3	Lease Schedule No. 001R, dated as of August 1, 2024, by and between Farnam Street Financial, Inc., Safe & Green Holdings Corp., and SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities Exchange Commission on August 7, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
10.4	Assignment and Assumption, dated as of August 1, 2024, by and between Farnam Street Financial, Inc., Safe & Green Holdings Corp. and SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities Exchange Commission on August 7, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
10.5	Unconditional Continuing Guaranty, dated as of August 1, 2024, by Safe & Green Holdings Corp. and SG Echo, LLC in favor of Farnam Street Financial, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities Exchange Commission on August 7, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))
10.6	Confession of Judgment in favor of Farnam Street Financial, Inc., by Safe & Green Holdings Corp., SG Echo LLC, and SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed by the Registrant with the Securities Exchange Commission on August 7, 2024 (File No. 001-38037))

31.1* Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2*	Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1**	Certification by Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2**	Certification by Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*	Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File as the XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104*	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

* Filed herewith.

** This certification is deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act. 

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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.  

	SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP.
	(Registrant)
	By:	/s/ Paul M. Galvin
		Paul M. Galvin Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
	By:	/s/ Patricia Kaelin
		Patricia Kaelin Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: August 14, 2024

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EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 

RULE 13a‑14 AND 15d‑14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,

as adopted pursuant toSECTION 302 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Paul M. Galvin, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Safe & Green Holdings Corp..;
2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.	Theregistrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)		Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)		Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)		Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)		Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)		All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)		Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:August 14, 2024

/s/ Paul M. Galvin

Paul M. Galvin

Chairman, Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

RULE 13a 14 AND 15d 14 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Patricia Kaelin, certify that:

1.	I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Safe & Green Holdings Corp..;
2.	Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.	Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.	Theregistrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
a)		Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
b)		Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
c)		Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
d)		Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5.	The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
a)		All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
b)		Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:August 14, 2024

/s/ Patricia Kaelin

Patricia Kaelin

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

 Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. §1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connectionwith the quarterly report of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. (the “Company”)on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commissionon the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Paul M. Galvin,the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, do hereby certify, pursuant to18U.S.C. Section1350, as adopted pursuant to Section906of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002, to the best of my knowledge and belief that:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section13(a) or15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: August 14, 2024	/s/ Paul M. Galvin
	Name:	Paul M. Galvin
	Title:	Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

This certification accompanies each Report pursuant to Section906of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section18of the Securities Exchange Act of1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

A signed original of this written statement required by Section906of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

EX-32.2

Exhibit32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. §1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE

SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connectionwith the quarterly report of Safe & Green Holdings Corp. (the “Company”)on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commissionon the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Patricia Kaelin, the Chief Financial Officer of the Company, do hereby certify, pursuant to18U.S.C. Section1350, as adopted pursuant to Section906of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002, to the best of my knowledge and belief that:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section13(a) or15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. 

Date: August 14, 2024	/s/ Patricia Kaelin
	Name:	Patricia Kaelin
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

This certification accompanies each Report pursuant to Section906of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002and shall not, except to the extent required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of Section18of the Securities Exchange Act of1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act.

A signed original of this written statement required by Section906of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Aug. 10, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	SAFE & GREEN HOLDINGS CORP.
Entity Central Index Key	0001023994
Trading Symbol	SGBX
Amendment Flag	false
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Address, State or Province	FL
Entity Address, Address Line One	990 Biscayne Blvd.,
Entity Address, Address Line Two	#501, Office 12
Entity Address, City or Town	Miami
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	33132
City Area Code	(646)
Local Phone Number	240-4235
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity File Number	001-38037
Entity Tax Identification Number	95-4463937
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		2,027,772

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,016,784	$ 17,448
Accounts receivable, net	364,355	182,753
Contract assets	113,001	10,745
Held for sale assets	4,400,361	4,400,361
Inventories	223,402	156,512
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,279,667	572,779
Total current assets	7,397,570	5,340,598
Property, plant and equipment, net	5,505,596	5,582,401
Project development costs and other non-current assets	789,318	604,327
Goodwill	1,810,787
Right-of-use asset	1,225,370	1,987,137
Intangible assets, net	557,261	23,616
Deferred contract costs, net		30,589
Investment in and advances to equity affiliates	3,642,607	3,642,607
Total Assets	20,928,509	17,211,275
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	10,005,910	9,854,263
Contract liabilities	1,737,394	1,366,998
Lease liability, current maturities	463,114	856,088
Short-term notes payable, net	10,103,921	8,472,080
Total current liabilities	22,310,339	20,549,429
Long-term note payable	2,462,445	2,447,415
Contingent consideration liability	945,000
Lease liability, net of current maturities		549,290
Total liabilities	25,717,784	23,546,134
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value, 5,405,010 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 75,000,000 shares authorized; 1,747,992 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and 881,387 issued and 814,969 outstanding as of December 31, 2023	17,480	8,814
Additional paid-in capital	75,400,798	68,555,050
Treasury stock, at cost 3,371 shares as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023	(92,396)	(92,396)
Accumulated deficit	(84,459,662)	(75,930,805)
Non-controlling interest	4,344,505	1,124,478
Total stockholders’ equity	(4,789,275)	(6,334,859)
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$ 20,928,509	$ 17,211,275

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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Preferred stock, par value	$ 1	$ 1
Preferred stock, shares authorized	5,405,010	5,405,010
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common Stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	75,000,000	75,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	1,747,992	881,387
Common stock, shares outstanding	1,747,992	814,969
Treasury stock, shares	3,371	3,371

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Revenue:
Revenue	$ 1,253,416	$ 5,097,055	$ 2,271,347	$ 10,600,990
Cost of revenue:
Cost of revenue	1,094,249	5,063,425	1,739,232	10,636,832
Gross profit (loss)	159,167	33,630	532,115	(35,842)
Operating expenses:
Payroll and related expenses	1,729,729	4,184,429	4,997,798	5,498,819
General and administrative expenses	976,416	1,357,159	1,921,029	3,146,115
Marketing and business development expenses	246,829	102,900	439,554	190,151
Total	2,952,974	5,644,488	7,358,381	8,835,085
Operating loss	(2,793,807)	(5,610,858)	(6,826,266)	(8,870,927)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense	(1,889,328)	(523,971)	(3,172,084)	(811,343)
Interest income		9,454	9,570	18,816
Other income	135,365	569,851	183,982	588,490
Total	(1,753,963)	55,334	(2,978,532)	(204,037)
Loss before income taxes	(4,547,770)	(5,555,524)	(9,804,798)	(9,074,964)
Income tax expense
Net loss	(4,547,770)	(5,555,524)	(9,804,798)	(9,074,964)
Common stock deemed dividend			(670,881)
Net loss after adjustment of common stock deemed dividend	(4,547,770)	(5,555,524)	(10,475,679)	(9,074,964)
Add: net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	(689,077)		(1,946,822)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	$ (3,858,693)	$ (5,555,524)	$ (8,528,857)	$ (9,074,964)
Net loss per share
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ (2.73)	$ (7.46)	$ (7.23)	$ (12.75)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (2.73)	$ (7.46)	$ (7.23)	$ (12.75)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	1,412,159	744,454	1,179,150	711,715
Diluted (in shares)	1,412,159	744,454	1,179,150	711,715
Construction services
Revenue:
Revenue	$ 1,211,254	$ 5,097,055	$ 2,179,369	$ 10,600,990
Cost of revenue:
Cost of revenue	1,094,249	5,063,425	1,739,232	10,636,832
Real estate commissions
Revenue:
Revenue	$ 42,162		$ 91,978

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)	Total	$0.01 Par Value Common Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Deficit	Noncontrolling interests
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 14,439,562	$ 6,307	$ 56,293,810	$ (49,680)	$ (41,428,268)	$ (382,607)
Beginning Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2022		630,699
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Treasury stock	(42,716)			(42,716)
Stock-based compensation	3,210,631		3,210,631
Issuance of restricted common stock	437,325	$ 144	437,181
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares		14,376
Issuance of restricted stock units		$ 1,507	(1,507)
Issuance of restricted stock units, Shares		150,731
Common stock issued for services	47,500	$ 25	47,475
Common stock issued for services, Shares		2,500
Issuance of warrants and restricted common stock	354,239	$ 25	354,214
Issuance of warrants and restricted common stock, Shares		2,500
Noncontrolling interest distribution	(46,417)					(46,417)
Net loss	(9,074,964)				(9,074,964)
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2023	9,325,160	$ 8,008	60,341,804	(92,396)	(50,503,232)	(429,024)
Ending Balance, Shares at Jun. 30, 2023		800,806
Beginning Balance at Mar. 31, 2023	12,321,638	$ 7,151	57,740,899	(49,680)	(44,947,708)	(429,024)
Beginning Balance, Shares at Mar. 31, 2023		715,130
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Treasury stock	(42,716)			(42,716)
Stock-based compensation	2,554,262		2,554,262
Issuance of restricted stock units		$ 832	(832)
Issuance of restricted stock units, Shares		83,176
Common stock issued for services	47,500	$ 25	47,475
Common stock issued for services, Shares		2,500
Net loss	(5,555,524)				(5,555,524)
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2023	9,325,160	$ 8,008	60,341,804	(92,396)	(50,503,232)	(429,024)
Ending Balance, Shares at Jun. 30, 2023		800,806
Beginning Balance at Dec. 31, 2023	(6,334,859)	$ 8,814	68,555,050	(92,396)	(75,930,805)	1,124,478
Beginning Balance, Shares at Dec. 31, 2023		881,387
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Fractional share adjustment		$ (1)	1
Fractional share adjustment, Shares		(73)
Issuance of warrants and restricted common stock	251,361	$ 150	251,211
Issuance of warrants and restricted common stock, Shares		15,000
Cashless warrant exercise	15	$ 2,907	(2,892)
Cashless warrant exercise, Shares		290,699
Issuance of common stock from warrant inducement	494,213	$ 949	493,264
Issuance of common stock from warrant inducement, Shares		94,932
Common stock deemed dividend			670,881		(670,881)
SG DevCorp equity transactions	5,166,849					5,166,849
Conversion of debt and interest	802,087	$ 1,542	800,545
Conversion of debt and interest, Shares		154,155
Issuance of stock under EP Agreement	$ 28,867	$ 134	28,733
Issuance of stock under EP Agreement, Shares	13,355	13,355
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement	$ 489,268	$ 1,296	487,972
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement, Shares	129,603	129,603
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues	$ 3,590,386	$ 1,300	3,589,086
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		130,000
Stock-based compensation and issuance of RSU’s	527,336	$ 389	526,947
Stock-based compensation  and issuance of RSU’s, shares		38,934
Net loss	(9,804,798)				(7,857,976)	(1,946,822)
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2024	(4,789,275)	$ 17,480	75,400,798	(92,396)	(84,459,662)	4,344,505
Ending Balance, Shares at Jun. 30, 2024		1,747,992
Beginning Balance at Mar. 31, 2024	(6,637,478)	$ 10,993	70,448,355	(92,396)	(80,600,969)	3,596,539
Beginning Balance, Shares at Mar. 31, 2024		1,099,269
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Fractional share adjustment		$ (1)	1
Fractional share adjustment, Shares		(73)
Stock-based compensation	348,308		348,308
Cashless warrant exercise	15	$ 2,793	(2,778)
Cashless warrant exercise, Shares		279,310
SG DevCorp equity transactions	1,437,043					1,437,043
Conversion of debt and interest	502,086	$ 965	501,121
Conversion of debt and interest, Shares		96,528
Issuance of stock under EP Agreement	28,867	$ 134	28,733
Issuance of stock under EP Agreement, Shares		13,355
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement	489,268	$ 1,296	487,972
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement, Shares		129,603
Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues	3,590,386	$ 1,300	3,589,086
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		130,000
Net loss	(4,547,770)				(3,858,693)	(689,077)
Ending Balance at Jun. 30, 2024	$ (4,789,275)	$ 17,480	$ 75,400,798	$ (92,396)	$ (84,459,662)	$ 4,344,505
Ending Balance, Shares at Jun. 30, 2024		1,747,992

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss	$ (4,547,770)	$ (5,555,524)	$ (9,804,798)	$ (9,074,964)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation expense	42,297	92,771	85,034	184,964
Amortization of intangible assets			6,834	93,410
Amortization of deferred license costs			30,589	20,393
Amortization of debt issuance costs and debt discount			1,612,377	411,811
Amortization of right of use asset			761,767	428,934
Common stock issued for services				484,825
SG DevCorp equity transactions			2,846,013
Interest income on long-term note receivable				(18,699)
Stock-based compensation			527,336	3,210,631
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable			(181,602)	634,195
Contract assets			(102,256)	(835,925)
Inventories			(66,890)	(357,575)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			293,112	(239,441)
Intangible assets			(211,651)	(92,005)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses			157,720	3,016,961
Contract liabilities			370,396	(268,479)
Lease liability			(942,264)	(653,213)
Assumed liability				15,000
Net cash used in operating activities			(4,618,283)	(3,039,177)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment			(8,229)	(526,324)
Cash from business combination			1,082
Project development costs			(184,991)	(117,682)
Investment in and advances to equity affiliates				(25,000)
Net cash used in investing activities			(192,138)	(669,006)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayment of short term notes payable			(1,588,001)	(2,500,000)
Proceeds from short-term notes payable and warrants, net of debt issuance costs			3,284,277	6,609,512
Proceeds from long-term notes payable				706,359
Purchase of treasury stock				(42,716)
Proceeds from warrant inducement			494,213
Prefunded warrant exercise			15
Issuance of common stock			3,619,253
Distribution paid to non-controlling interest				(46,417)
Net cash provided by financing activities			5,809,757	4,726,738
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents			999,336	1,018,555
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period			17,448	582,776	$ 582,776
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	$ 1,016,784	$ 1,601,331	1,016,784	1,601,331	$ 17,448
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Cashless warrant exercise			114
Fractional common share adjustment			1
Common stock deemed dividend			670,881
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock			1,872,742
Prepaid interest for short-term notes payable			1,000,000
Common stock issuance for asset acquisition			228,360
Comon stock issuance for accounts payable settlement			489,268
Assets and liabilities acquired in business combination [Abstract]
Intangible assets			100,468
Goodwill			1,810,787
Accounts payable and accrued expenses			532,337
Contingent consideration payable			$ 945,000

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Description of Business

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Description of Business [Abstract]

Description of Business

1. Description of Business 

Safe & Green Holdings Corp. (collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “we”, “us” or “our”) was previously known as SG Blocks, Inc. as well as CDSI Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation incorporated on December 29, 1993. On November 4, 2011, CDSI Merger Sub, Inc., the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, was merged with and into SG Building Blocks, Inc. (“SG Building,” formerly SG Blocks Inc.) (the “Merger”), with SG Building surviving the Merger and becoming a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. The Merger was a reverse merger that was accounted for as a recapitalization of SG Building, as SG Building was the accounting acquirer.

The Company operates in the following four segments: (i) construction; (ii) medical; (ii) real estate development; and (iv) environmental. The construction segment designs and constructs modular structures built in the Company’s factories. In the medical segment, the Company uses its modular technology to (i) provide turnkey solutions to medical testing and treatment and generate revenue from the medical testing and point of care treatment in our medical suites and (ii) sell and lease medical suites and privacy pods. The Company’s real estate development segment consists of SG DevCorp (as defined below), our majority owned subsidiary, which builds innovative and green single or multifamily projects in underserved regions nationally using modules (“Modules”) built in one of the Company’s vertically integrated factories. The environmental segment consists of a sustainable medical and waste management solution that collects waste and treats waste for safe disposal.

The building products developed with the Company's proprietary technology and design and engineering expertise are generally stronger, more durable, environmentally sensitive, and erected in less time than traditional construction methods. The use of the Company's Modules typically provides between four to six points towards the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (“LEED”) certification levels, including reduced site disturbance, resource reuse, recycled content, innovation in design and use of local and regional materials. Due to the ability of the Modules to satisfy such requirements, the Company believes the products produced utilizing its technology and expertise is a leader in environmentally sustainable construction.

There are three core product offerings that utilize the Company's technology and engineering expertise. The first product offering involves GreenSteel™ modules, which are the structural core and shell of an SGBlocks building. The Company procures the containers, engineers required openings with structural steel enforcements, paints the SGBlocks and then delivers them on-site, where the customer or a customer’s general contractor will complete the entire finish out and installation. The second product offering involves replicating the process to create the GreenSteel product and, in addition, installing selected materials, finishes and systems (including, but not limited to floors, windows, doors, interior painting, electrical wiring and fixtures, plumbing outlets and bathrooms, roofing system) and delivering SGBlocks pre-fabricated containers to the site for a third party licensed general contractor to complete the final finish out and installation. Finally, the third product offering is the completely fabricated and finished SGBlocks building (including but not limited to floors, windows, doors, interior painting, electrical wiring and fixtures, plumbing outlets and bathrooms, roofing systems), including erecting the final unit on site and completing any other final steps. The building is ready for occupancy and/or use as soon as installation is completed. Construction administration and/or project management services are typically included in the Company's product offerings.

The Company also provides engineering and project management services related to the use and modification of Modules in construction.

Construction

During 2020, the Company formed SG Echo, LLC ("SG Echo"), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The Company acquired substantially all the assets of Echo DCL (“Echo”), a Texas limited liability company, except for Echo's real estate holdings for which the Company obtained a right of first refusal. Echo is a container/modular manufacturer based in Durant, Oklahoma specializing in the design and construction of permanent modular and temporary modular buildings and was one of the Company's key supply chain partners. Echo caters to the military, education, administration facilities, healthcare, government, commercial and residential customers. This acquisition has allowed the Company to expand its reach for the Modules and offer an opportunity to vertically integrate a large portion of the Company's cost of goods sold, as well as increase margins, productivity and efficiency in the areas of design, estimating, manufacturing and delivery and to become the manufacturer of the Company's core container and modular product offerings.

Medical

As of January 2021 and through the fourth quarter of 2021, the Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Chicago Airport Testing LLC (“CAT”). The Company had a variable interest in CAT as described further below. CAT is in the business of marketing, selling, distributing, leasing and otherwise commercially exploiting certain products and services in the COVID-19 testing and other medical industry. In addition, during March 2023, the Company formed Safe and Green Medical Corporation. (“SG Medical”). The Company also entered into a joint venture with Clarity Lab Solutions LLC., to provide clinical lab testing related to COVID-19 which ceased activities in 2023.

Real Estate Development

During 2021, the Company formed Safe and Green Development Corporation, formerly, SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”), as a wholly-owned by the Company. SG DevCorp was formed with the purpose of real property development utilizing the Company's technologies.  SG DevCorp has a minority interest in Norman Berry II Owners LLC and JDI-Cumberland Inlet LLC as described further below.

Environmental

During 2022, SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (“SG Environmental”) was formed and is focused on biomedical waste removal and plans to utilize a patented technology that it licenses to shred and disinfect biomedical waste, rendering the waste disinfected, unrecognizable, and of no greater risk to the public health than residential household waste. 

Reverse Stock Split

On May 2, 2024, the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of its then-outstanding common stock (“May Stock Split”). All share and per share amounts set forth in the consolidated financial statements of the Company have been retroactively restated to reflect the 1-for-20 reverse stock split as if it had occurred as of the earliest period presented and unless otherwise stated, all other share and per share amounts for all periods presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2024 have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split effected in May 2024.

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Separation and Distribution

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Separation and Distribution [Abstract]

Separation and Distribution

2. Separation and Distribution

In December 2022, the Company and then owner of 100% of the issued and outstanding securities of SG DevCorp, announced its plan to separate the Company and SG DevCorp into two separate publicly traded companies (the “Separation”). To implement the Separation, on September 27, 2023 (the “Distribution Date”), the Company, effected a pro rata distribution to its stockholders of approximately 30% of the outstanding shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock (the “Distribution”). In connection with the Distribution, each Company stockholder received 0.930886 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock for every five (5) shares of Company common stock held as of the close of business on September 8, 2023, the record date for the Distribution, as well as a cash payment in lieu of any fractional shares. Immediately after the Distribution, SG DevCorp was no longer a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and the Company held approximately 70% of SG DevCorp’s issued and outstanding securities. On September 28, 2023, SG DevCorp’s common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “SGD.”

In connection with the Separation and Distribution, SG DevCorp entered into a separation and distribution agreement and several other agreements with the Company. These agreements provide for the allocation between SG DevCorp and the Company of the assets, employees, liabilities and obligations (including, among others, investments, property, employee benefits and tax-related assets and liabilities) of the Company and its subsidiaries attributable to periods prior to, at and after the Separation and will govern the relationship between the Company and SG DevCorp subsequent to the completion of the Separation. In addition to the separation and distribution agreement, the other principal agreements entered into with the Company included a tax matters agreement and a shared services agreement.

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Liquidity

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Liquidity [Abstract]

Liquidity

3. Liquidity 

As of June 30, 2024, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $1,016,784 and a backlog of $4,079,790. See Note 13 for a discussion of construction backlog. Based on its conversations with key customers, the Company anticipates its backlog to convert to revenue over the following period:  

	2024
Within 1 year	$	4,079,790
Total Backlog	$	4,079,790

The Company has incurred losses since its inception, has negative working capital of $14,912,769 as of June 30, 2024 and has negative operating cash flows, which has raised substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from the outcome of the uncertainty concerning the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The Company intends to meet its capital needs from revenue generated from operations and by containing costs, entering into strategic alliances, as well as exploring other options, including the possibility of raising additional debt or equity capital as necessary. There is, however, no assurance the Company will be successful in meeting its capital requirements prior to becoming cash flow positive. The Company does not have any additional sources secured for future funding, and if it is unable to raise the necessary capital at the times it requires such funding, it may need to materially change its business plan, including delaying implementation of aspects of such business plan or curtailing or abandoning such business plan altogether.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

4. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Basis of presentation and principals of consolidation – The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 8 Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. The condensed financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 7, 2024. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial statements have been included. Results for the six months ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements - New accounting pronouncements implemented by the Company are discussed below or in the related notes, where appropriate.

Accounting estimates – The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgements and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period, together with amounts disclosed in the related notes to the financial statements. The Company's estimates used in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, accounts receivable reserves, inventory valuations, goodwill, the valuation allowance related to the Company’s deferred tax assets, the carrying amount of intangible assets, right of use assets and the recoverability and useful lives of long-lived assets. Certain of the Company’s estimates could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to the Company and general economic conditions. It is reasonably possible that these external factors could have an effect on the Company’s estimates and could cause actual results to differ from those estimates.

Operating cycle – The length of the Company’s contracts varies, but is typically between six to twelve months. In some instances, the length of the contract may exceed twelve months. Assets and liabilities relating to contracts are included in current assets and current liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying balance sheets as they will be liquidated in the normal course of contract completion, which at times could exceed one year.

Revenue recognition – The Company determines, at contract inception, whether it will transfer control of a promised good or service over time or at a point in time, regardless of the length of contract or other factors. The recognition of revenue aligns with the timing of when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps in accordance with its revenue policy: 

                (1)  Identify the contract with a customer

                (2)  Identify the performance obligations in the contract

                (3)  Determine the transaction price

                (4)  Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

                (5)  Recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied

On certain contracts, the Company applies recognition of revenue over time, which is similar to the method the Company applied under previous guidance (i.e., percentage of completion). Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is possible that estimates of costs to complete a performance obligation will be revised in the near-term. For those performance obligations for which revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method, changes in total estimated costs, and related progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions to the estimates are made. When the current estimate of total costs for a performance obligation indicates a loss, a provision for the entire estimated loss on the unsatisfied performance obligation is made in the period in which the loss becomes evident.

For product or equipment sales, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such goods, which is at a point in time. Additionally, SG DevCorp has begun to generate revenue resulting from commissions on residential real estate purchases and sales transactions. For this revenue, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such service, which his at a point in time.

Disaggregation of Revenues

The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from construction related to Modules projects. The Company's contracts are with customers in various industries. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $91,978 and $2,179,369, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2024. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $0 and $10,600,990, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $42,162 and $1,211,254, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2024. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $0 and $5,097,055, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

The following tables provide further disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by categories: 

	Three Months Ended June 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2024				2023
Construction and Engineering Services:
Hotel/Hospitality	$	149,961	12	%	$	10,525	—	%
Office		1,061,293	85	%		5,086,530	100	%
Subtotal		1,211,254	97	%		5,097,055	100	%
SG DevCorp sales:
Real estate commissions		42,162	3	%		—	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	1,253,416	100	%	$	5,097,055	100	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2024				2023
Construction and Engineering Services:
Hotel/Hospitality	$	181,719	8	%	$	44,201	—	%
Office		1,997,650	88	%		10,556,789	100	%
Subtotal		2,179,369	96	%		10,600,990	100	%
SG DevCorp sales:
Real estate commissions		91,978	4	%		—	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	2,271,347	100	%	$	10,600,990	100	%

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities 

Accounts receivable are recognized in the period when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. Accounts receivable are recognized net of an allowance for credit losses. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the likelihood of realization of receivables.

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. 

Contract assets include unbilled amounts from long-term construction services when revenue recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress exceeds the amounts invoiced to customers, as the amounts cannot be billed under the terms of the Company’s contracts. Such amounts are recoverable from customers based upon various measures of performance, including achievement of certain milestones, completion of specified units or completion of a contract. Contract assets are generally classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Contract liabilities from construction and engineering contracts occur when amounts invoiced to customers exceed revenues recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress. Contract liabilities additionally include advanced payments from customers on certain contracts. Contract liabilities decrease as the Company recognizes revenue from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation. Contract liabilities are generally classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Although the Company believes it has established adequate procedures for estimating costs to complete on open contracts, it is at least reasonably possible that additional significant costs could occur on contracts prior to completion. The Company periodically evaluates and revises its estimates and makes adjustments when they are considered necessary.

Business Combinations - The Company accounts for business acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805 “Business Combinations”, which requires recognition and measurement of all identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair value as of the date control is obtained. The Company determines the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon its best estimates of the acquisition-date fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. Subsequent adjustments to fair value of any contingent consideration are recorded to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Costs that the Company incurs to complete the business combination are charged to general and administrative expenses as they are incurred.

For acquisitions of assets that do not constitute a business, any assets and liabilities acquired are recognized at their cost based upon their relative fair value of all asset and liabilities acquired. 

Variable Interest Entities – The Company accounts for certain legal entities as variable interest entities (“VIE”). When evaluating a VIE for consolidation, the Company must determine whether or not there is a variable interest in the entity. Variable interests are investments or other interests that absorb portions of an entity’s expected losses or receive portions of the entity’s expected returns. If it is determined that the Company does not have a variable interest in the VIE, no further analysis is required and the VIE is not consolidated. If the Company holds a variable interest in a VIE, the Company consolidates the VIE when there is a controlling financial interest in the VIE and therefore are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. The Company is determined to have a controlling financial interest in a VIE when it has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to that VIE. This determination is evaluated periodically as facts and circumstances change.

On August 27, 2020, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Clarity Lab Solutions, LLC (“Clarity Labs”) (the “JV”).  In consideration and subject to Clarity Lab’s services and commitments and provided the agreement remains valid and in force, and is not terminated, the Company agreed to issue 200,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock over a defined vesting period starting in December 1, 2020. The restricted shares of the Company's common stock were not issued to Clarity Labs as certain capital commitments were not met. Clarity Labs is a licensed clinical laboratory that uses specialized molecular testing equipment and that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of critical diseases, including COVID-19. Clarity Labs was also engaged in the business of manufacturing, importing and distributing various medical tests. Under the JV, the Company and Clarity Labs were to jointly market, sell, and distribute certain products and services (“Clarity Mobile Venture”). The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of Clarity Mobile Venture and has thus consolidated the activities in its consolidated financial statements. Due to the ongoing lower affects of COVID-19 restrictions, the JV was wound down during the fourth quarter of 2022.

On January 18, 2021, the Company entered into an operating agreement to form CAT. The purpose of CAT is to market, sell, distribute, lease and otherwise commercially exploit certain products and services in the COVID-19 testing industry.  The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of CAT and has thus consolidated the activities in its consolidated financial statements. 

Investment Entities – On May 31, 2021, the Company's subsidiary SG DevCorp agreed to contribute $600,000 to acquire a 50% membership interest in Norman Berry II Owner LLC (“Norman Berry”).  The Company contributed $350,329 and $114,433 of the initial $600,000 in the second quarter and third quarter of 2021, respectively, with the remaining $135,238 funded in the fourth quarter of 2021. The purpose of Norman Berry II Owner LLC is to develop and provide affordable housing in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area.  The Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary of "Norman Berry" and thus will not consolidate the activities in its consolidated financial statements. The Company will use the equity method to report the activities as an investment in its consolidated financial statements. 

On June 24, 2021, the Company's subsidiary, SG DevCorp, entered into an operating agreement with Jacoby Development for a 10% non-dilutable equity interest for JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC (“Cumberland”). The Company contributed $3,000,000 for its 10% equity interest. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company contributed an additional $25,000. The purpose of JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC is to develop a waterfront parcel in a mixed-use destination community.  The Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary of JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC and thus will not consolidate the activities in its consolidated financial statements. The Company will use the equity method to report the activities as an investment in its consolidated financial statements.

During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, Norman Berry and Cumberland did not have any material earnings or losses as the investments are in development. In addition, management believes there was no impairment as of June 30, 2024.

The approximate combined financial position of the Company’s equity affiliates is summarized below as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

Condensed balance sheet information:	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Total assets	$	39,975,000	$	39,800,000
Total liabilities	$	9,800,000	$	9,700,000
Members’ equity	$	30,175,000	$	30,100,000

Cash and cash equivalents – The Company considers cash and cash equivalents to include all short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and have original maturities of three months or less upon acquisition. Cash and cash equivalents totaled $1,016,784 and $17,448 as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Short-term investment – The Company classifies investments consisting of a certificate of deposit with a maturity greater than three months but less than one year as short-term investment.  The Company had no short-term investment as of June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023, respectively. 

Accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses – Accounts receivable are receivables generated from sales to customers and progress billings on performance type contracts. Amounts included in accounts receivable are deemed to be collectible within the Company’s operating cycle. The Company recognizes accounts receivable at invoiced amounts. 

The Company adopted ASC 326, Current Expected Credit Losses, on January 1, 2023, which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses using a current expected credit loss model. The allowance for credit losses on expected future uncollectible accounts receivable is estimated considering forecasts of future economic conditions in addition to information about past events and current conditions.

The allowance for credit losses reflects the Company’s best estimate of expected losses inherent in the accounts receivable balances. Management provides an allowance for credit losses based on the Company’s historical losses, specific customer circumstances, and general economic conditions. Periodically, management reviews accounts receivable and adjusts the allowance based on current circumstances and charges off uncollectible receivables when all attempts to collect have been exhausted and the prospects for recovery are remote. Recoveries are recognized when they are received. Actual collection losses may differ from the Company’s estimates and could be material to its consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

The Company accounts for the transfer of accounts receivable to a third party under a factoring type arrangement in accordance with ASC 860, “Transfers and Servicing”. ASC 860 requires that several conditions be met in order to present the transfer of accounts receivable as a sale. In the case of factoring type arrangements, the Company has isolated the transferred (sold) assets and has the legal right to transfer its assets (accounts receivable).

Inventory – Raw construction materials (primarily shipping containers and fabrication materials) are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Finished goods and work-in-process inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the specific identification method. Medical equipment and COVID-19 test and testing supplies are valued at the lower of cost, (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was inventory of $223,402 and $156,512, respectively, for construction materials. 

Goodwill – The Company performs its impairment test of goodwill at the reporting unit level each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its reporting unit below its carrying values. The Company performs a goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value and recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill. The amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, if any, is recognized as an impairment loss. There were no impairments during the six months ended June 30, 2024 or 2023.

Intangible assets – Intangible assets consist of $68,344 of trademarks, and $27,510 of website costs that are being amortized over 5 years. The Company evaluated intangible assets for impairment during the year ended December 31, 2023 and determined that there was an $1,880,547 impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 relating to intangible assets of proprietary knowledge and technology. The amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $6,834 and $47,291, respectively. The accumulated amortization as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $56,558 and $2,852,929, respectively. The remaining balance of the Company’ intangible assets is comprised of software development costs which are not yet placed in service.

Property, plant and equipment – Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of each asset. Estimated useful lives for significant classes of assets are as follows: computer and software 3 to 5 years, furniture and other equipment 5 to 7 years, automobiles 2 to 5 years, buildings held for lease 5 to 7 years, and equipment 5 to 29 years. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. 

Held For Sale Assets – On May 10, 2021, the Company's subsidiary, SG DevCorp, acquired the Lago Vista, Texas property for $3,576,130. Management has implemented a plan to sell this property during 2022, which meets all of the criteria required to classify it as Held for Sale. Including the project development costs associated with Lago Vista of $824,231, the book value is now $4,400,361. 

On April 25, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a Commercial Contract (the “Contract of Sale”) with Lithe Development Inc., a Texas corporation (“Lithe”), to sell the Lago Vista Property for $5.825 million. The Contract of Sale provides that the closing of the sale to Lithe of the Lago Vista Property is expected to occur after a 70-day due diligence period and a subsequent 30-day closing period.

Convertible instruments – The Company bifurcates conversion options from their host instruments and accounts for them as free standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument.

Common stock purchase warrants and other derivative financial instruments – The Company classifies as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or (ii) provides a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in the Company’s own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) providing that such contracts are indexed to the Company’s own stock. The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if any event occurs and if that event is outside the Company’s control) or (ii) gives the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement shares (physical settlement or net-cash settlement). The Company assesses classification of common stock purchase warrants and other free standing derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities or equity is required.

Fair value measurements – Financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are carried at cost, which the Company believes approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The Company uses three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1	Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2	Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable.
Level 3	Inputs that are unobservable (for example, cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions).

Transfer into and transfers out of the hierarchy levels are recognized as if they had taken place at the end of the reporting period. 

Share-based payments – The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For employees and directors, including non-employee directors, the fair value of a stock option award is measured on the grant date. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense on a graded-vesting basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of each award. Stock-based compensation expense to employees and all directors are reported within payroll and related expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Stock-based compensation expense to non-employees is reported within marketing and business development expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Income taxes – The Company accounts for income taxes utilizing the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes generally represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from the differences between the financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted.

The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on the Company’s estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when the liabilities are no longer determined to be necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, a further charge to expense would result. 

Concentrations of credit risk – Financial instruments, that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash with high credit quality institutions. At times, such amounts may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such account and believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on the account. 
 

With respect to receivables, concentrations of credit risk are limited to a few customers in the construction industry. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and, generally, requires no collateral from its customers other than normal lien rights. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 100% of the Company’s gross accounts receivable were due from four and three customers, respectively.

Revenue relating to three and two customers represented approximately 73% and 96%, respectively, of the Company's total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Revenue relating to four and one customers represented approximately 88% and 96% of the Company's total revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

There were no vendors representing 10% or more of the Company’s total cost of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. The Company believes it has access to alternative suppliers, with limited disruption to the business, should circumstances change with its existing suppliers. 

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Accounts Receivable

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Accounts Receivable [Abstract]

Accounts Receivable

5. Accounts Receivable

At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s accounts receivable consisted of the following: 

	2024			2023
Billed:
Construction services	$	495,743		$	819,887
Total gross receivables		495,743			819,887
Less: allowance for credit losses		(131,388	)		(637,134	)
Total net receivables	$	364,355		$	182,753

Receivables are evaluated for collectability and allowances for potential losses are established or maintained on applicable receivables. 

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Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities [Abstract]

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

6. Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

Costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts, which represent contract assets and contract liabilities, consisted of the following at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

	2024			2023
Costs incurred on uncompleted contracts	$	1,300,383		$	20,213,733
Provision for loss on uncompleted contracts		—			—
Estimated earnings to date on uncompleted contracts		(376,181	)		(968,040	)
Gross contract assets		924,202			19,245,693
Less: billings to date		(2,548,595	)		(20,601,946	)
Net contract assets/(liabilities) on uncompleted contracts	$	(1,624,393	)	$	(1,356,253	)

The above amounts are included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets under the following captions at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. 

	2024			2023
Contract assets	$	113,001		$	10,745
Contract liabilities		(1,737,394	)		(1,366,998	)
Net contract liabilities	$	(1,624,393	)	$	(1,356,253	)

Although management believes it has established adequate procedures for estimating costs to complete on open contracts, it is at least reasonably possible that additional significant costs could occur on contracts prior to completion. The Company periodically evaluates and revises its estimates and makes adjustments when they are considered necessary.

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Property, plant and equipment

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Property, plant and equipment [Abstract]

Property, plant and equipment

7. Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization and depreciated using the straight-line method over their useful lives. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following: 

	2024			2023
Computer equipment and software	$	103,327		$	102,325
Furniture and other equipment		271,798			271,798
Leasehold improvements		15,400			17,280
Equipment and machinery		952,571			943,464
Automobiles		4,638			4,638
Building held for leases		196,416			196,416
Land		1,190,655			1,190,655
Building		969,188			969,188
Construction in progress		2,397,659			2,397,659
Property, plant and equipment		6,101,652			6,093,423
Less: accumulated depreciation		(596,056	)		(511,022	)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	5,505,596		$	5,582,401

Depreciation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $42,297 and $92,771, respectively. Depreciation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 amounted to $85,034 and $184,964 respectively.

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Notes Receivable

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Receivable [Abstract]

Notes Receivable

8. Notes Receivable 

On January 21, 2020, pursuant to that certain Loan Agreement and Promissory Note, dated October 3, 2019 (the “CPF GP Loan Agreement”), as amended on October 15, 2019 and November 7, 2019, by and between CPF GP 2019-1 LLC (“CPF GP”) and the Company, CPF GP issued to the Company a promissory note in the principal amount of $400,000 (the “Company Note”) and issued to Paul Galvin, the Company’s Chairman and CEO, a promissory note in the principal amount of $100,000 (the “Galvin Note”).  The Company Note and Galvin Note bear interest at five percent (5%) per annum, payable, together with the unpaid principal amount of the promissory notes, on the earlier of the July 31, 2023 maturity date or upon the liquidation, redemption sale or issuance of a dividend upon CPF GP’s limited liability company interests in CPF MF 2019-1 LLC, a Texas limited liability company of which CPF GP is the general partner (“CPF MF”); provided, that the terms of the Galvin Note provide that all interest payments due to Mr. Galvin under the Galvin Note shall be paid directly to, and for the benefit of, the Company.During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Galvin Note was assigned to the Company and the principal amount of $100,000 was paid to Mr. Galvin.

On April 15, 2020, pursuant to the CPF GP Loan Agreement, CPF GP issued to the Company a promissory note in the principal amount of $250,000 (the “Company Note 2”). The Company Note 2 bears interest at five percent (5%) per annum, payable, together with the unpaid principal amount of the promissory notes, on the earlier of the July 31, 2023 maturity date or upon the liquidation, redemption sale or issuance of a dividend upon CPF GP’s limited liability company interests in CPF MF.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company determined that the Company Note, the Galvin Note and the Company Note 2 were not collectible and recorded bad debts for the outstanding amounts, which resulted in a write off of principal of $750,000 and accrued interest of $129,418 during 2023. 

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Notes Payable

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Payable [Abstract]

Notes Payable

9. Notes Payable

Lago Vista (“LV”) Note

On July 14, 2021, SG DevCorp issued a Real Estate Lien Note, in the principal amount of $2,000,000 (the “Short-Term Note”), secured by a Deed of Trust, dated July 14, 2021, on the Company’s 50 plus acre Lake Travis project site in Lago Vista, Texas and a related Assignment of Leases and Rents, dated July 8, 2021, for net loan proceeds of approximately  $1,948,234 after fees. The Short-Term Note has a term of one (1) year, provides for payments of interest only at a rate of twelve percent (12%) per annum and may be prepaid without penalty commencing nine (9) months after its issuance date. If the Short-Term Note is prepaid prior to nine (9) months after its issuance date, a 0.5% prepayment penalty is due. On July 14, 2022, the Company entered into a renewal and extension of the Short-Term Note, with a maturity date of January 14, 2023 and all other terms remaining the same.

On September 8,2022, the Company entered into a Second Real Estate Lien Note, in the principal amount of $500,000, with similar terms to the Short-Term Note (the “Second Short-Term Note”). The Second Short-Term Note has a maturity date of January 14, 2023.

On March 31, 2023, LV Peninsula Holding LLC (“LV Peninsula”), a Texas limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of SG DevCorp, pursuant to a Loan Agreement, dated March 30, 2023 (the “LV Peninsula Loan Agreement”), by and between LV Peninsula and Austerra Stable Growth Fund, LP (“Austerra”), issued a promissory note to Austerra in the principal amount of $5,000,000 (the “LV Note”), secured by a Deed of Trust and Security Agreement, dated March 30, 2023, on the Lake Travis project site in Lago Vista, Texas, a related Assignment of Contract Rights, dated March 30, 2023, on the project site in Lago Vista, Texas and McLean site in Durant, Oklahoma and a Mortgage, dated March 30, 2023 (“Mortgage”), on its site in Durant, Oklahoma.

The proceeds of the LV Note were used to pay off the Short-Term Note and Second Short-Term Note. The LV Note requires monthly installments of interest only and bears interest at the prime rate as published in the Wall Street Journal (8.0% as of June 30, 2024) plus five and 50/100 percent (5.5%), equaling 13.5% as of June 30, 2024; provided that in no event will the interest rate be less than a floor rate of 13.5%. The LV Peninsula obligations under the LV Note have been guaranteed by SG DevCorp pursuant to a Guaranty, dated March 30, 2023 (the “Guaranty”), and may be prepaid by LV Peninsula at any time without interest or penalty. The Company incurred $406,825 of debt issuance costs and remitted $675,000 in prepaid interest in connection with the LV Note. The LV Note had an original maturity date of April 1, 2024. On April 3, 2024, LV Peninsula, entered into a Modification and Extension Agreement, effective as of April 1, 2024 (the “Extension Agreement”), to extend to April 1, 2025 the maturity date of the LV Note. As consideration for the Extension Agreement, LV Peninsula agreed to pay an extension fee of $50,000. Additionally, the Extension Agreement provides for the LV Note’s interest rate to be increased to a fixed rate of 17.00%. In addition, pursuant to a loan agreement dated April 3, 2024 (the “2nd Lien Loan Agreement”), LV Peninsula issued a promissory note, in the principal amount of $1,000,000 (the “2nd Lien Note”), secured by a revised Deed of Trust and Security Agreement, dated April 3, 2024 (the “Revised Deed of Trust”) on the Company’s Lago Vista site, a Modification to Real Estate Mortgage, dated April 3, 2024 (“Mortgage Modification”), to the mortgage, dated March 30, 2023, on SG DevCorp’s McLean site in Durant, Oklahoma,. The 2nd Lien Note is subordinate to the LV Note. The 2nd Lien Note requires monthly installments of interest only, is due in full on April 1, 2025, bears interest at fixed rate of 17.00% and may be prepaid by LV Peninsula at any time without interest or penalty. LV Peninsula’s obligations under the 2nd Lien Note have been guaranteed by the SG DevCorp pursuant to a Guaranty, dated April 3, 2024.

Authority Loan Agreement

On October 29, 2021, SG Echo entered into a Loan Agreement (the “Authority Loan Agreement”) with the Durant Industrial Authority (the “Authority”) pursuant to which it issued to the Authority a non-interest bearing Forgivable Promissory Note in the principal amount of $750,000 (the “Forgivable Note”) in exchange for $750,000 to be used for renovation improvements related to the Company’s approximately 58,000 square-foot manufacturing facility in Durant, Oklahoma. The Forgivable Note is due on April 29, 2029 and guaranteed by the Company, provided that, if no event of default has occurred under the Forgivable Note or the Authority Loan Agreement, one-third (1/3) of the balance of the Forgivable Note will be forgiven on April 29, 2027, one-half (1/2) of the balance of the Forgivable Note will be forgiven on April 29, 2028, and the remainder of the balance of the Forgivable Note will be forgiven on April 29, 2029. The Loan Agreement includes a covenant by SG Echo to employ a minimum of 75 full-time employees in Durant, Oklahoma and pay them no less than 1.5 times the federal minimum wage, and provides SG Echo 24 months to comply with the provision.

St. Mary’s Site Promissory Note

In August 2022, SG DevCorp entered into a $148,300 promissory note (the “2022 Note”) with a lender in connection with the purchase of approximately 27 acres of land adjacent to the Cumberland Inlet Project from the Camden County Joint Development Authority. The 2022 Note bears annual interest at the rate of 9.75%, with interest payments due  monthly until its maturity on September 1, 2023.The 2022 Note is secured by the underlying property. During the year ended December 31, 2023, such note was extended for a period of one year. During March 2024, the note was modified and the principal amount was increased to $200,000.

Peak One Transactions

On February 7, 2023, the Company closed a private placement offering (the “Peak One Offering”) of $1,100,000 in principal amount of the Company’s 8% convertible debenture (the “Debenture”) and a warrant (the “Peak Warrant”) to purchase up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (25,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), to Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”). Pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated February 7, 2023 (the “February 2023 Purchase Agreement”), by and between the Company and Peak One, the Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $1,000,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%).  During the year ended December 31, 2023, Peak One converted $730,000 of its principal balance into 508,917 shares of common stock of the Company (25,446 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split). Such conversion was within the terms of the agreement with no gains or losses recognized on the transactions.

In connection with the Peak One Offering, the Company paid $15,000 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by February 2023 Purchase Agreement and issued 50,000 shares (2,500 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split) of its common stock (the “Commitment Shares”) to Peak One Investments, LLC (“Peak One Investments”), the general partner of Peak One.

The Debenture matured twelve months from its date of issuance and bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The Debenture was convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of the Company equal to the principal amount of the Debenture plus all accrued and unpaid interest at a conversion price equal to $1.50 (the “Conversion Price”) ($30 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events and in the event the Company, at any time while the Debenture is outstanding, issues, sells or grants any option to purchase, or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of, or issues common stock or other securities convertible into, exercisable for, or otherwise entitle any person the right to acquire, shares of common stock, other than with respect to an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Debenture), at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Conversion Price. In the event of any such anti-dilutive event, the Conversion Price will be reduced at the option of the holder to such lower effective price of the dilutive event, subject to a floor price of $0.40 ($8 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), per share, unless and until the Company obtains shareholder approval for any issuance below such floor price.

During the year ended December 31, 2023 and during the six months ended June 30, 2024, Peak One converted the Debenture in full and received a total of 49,188 shares of the Company’s common stock.

The Peak Warrant expires five years from its date of issuance. The Peak Warrant is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 500,000 of shares of common stock (25,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split) of the Company at an exercise price equal to $2.25 (the “Exercise Price”) ($45 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events and in the event the Company, at any time while the Peak Warrant is outstanding, issues, sells or grants any option to purchase, or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of, or issues common stock or other securities convertible into, exercisable for, or otherwise entitle any person the right to acquire, shares of common stock, other than with respect to an Exempt Issuance, at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Exercise Price. In the event of any such anti-dilutive event, the Exercise Price will be reduced at the option of the holder to such lower effective price of the dilutive event, subject to a floor price of $0.40 per share, unless and until the Company obtains shareholder approval for any issuance below such floor price.

The number of shares of the Company’s common stock that may be issued upon conversion of the Debenture and exercise of the Peak Warrant, and inclusive of the Commitment Shares and any shares issuable under and in respect of the February 2023 Purchase Agreement, is subject to an exchange cap (the “Exchange Cap”) of 19.99% of the outstanding number of shares of the Corporation’s common stock on the closing date, 2,760,675 shares (138,034 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), unless shareholder approval to exceed the Exchange Cap is approved.

The Company incurred $80,000 in debt issuance costs in connection with the Debenture. In addition, the initial fair value of the Peak Warrant amounted to $278,239 and the fair value of the restricted shares amounted to $76,000, both of which have been recorded as a debt discount and will be amortized over the effective rate method.

On November 30, 2023, SG DevCorp entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “November 2023 Purchase Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which SG DevCorp agreed to issue, in a private placement offering (the “November SGD Offering”) upon the satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the November 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement two debentures to Peak One in the aggregate principal amount of $1,200,000. The closing of the first tranche was consummated on November 30, 2023, and SG DevCorp issued an 8% convertible debenture in principal amount of $700,000 (the “Peak One Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “SGD Warrant #1”) to purchase up to 350,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the November 2023 Purchase Agreement. The Peak One Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $630,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the November Offering, v paid $17,500 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by the November 2023 Purchase Agreement and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 100,000 shares of its common stock as described in the November 2023 Purchase Agreement.

Under the November 2023 Purchase Agreement, a closing of the second tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCorp and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the November 2023 Purchase Agreement at any time after January 29, 2024, upon which SG DevCorp would issue and sell to Peak One on the same terms and conditions a second 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $500,000.00 for a purchase price of $450,000, representing an original issue discount of 10%. On February 15, 2024, SG DevCorp, entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to the November 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement. The Amendment provides that the second tranche be separated into two tranches (the second and third tranche) wherein which SG DevCorp would issue in each tranche an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $250,000 at a purchase price of $225,000. In addition, the Amendment provides that SG DevCorp will issue (i) 35,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock on the closing of each of the second tranche and the third tranche as follows: 17,500 shares of common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment and 17,500 shares of common stock to Peak One, as a commitment fee in connection with the issuance of the second debenture and the third debenture, respectively; (ii) a common stock purchase warrant to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment for the purchase of 125,000 shares of common stock on the closing of each of the second tranche and the third tranche; and (iii) pay $6,500 of Peak One’s non-accountable fees in connection with each of the second tranche and the third tranche.

The closing of the second tranche was consummated on February 16, 2024 and SG DevCorp issued an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $250,000 (the “Second Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “SGD Warran #2t”) to purchase up to 125,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the Amendment. The Second Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $225,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the second tranche, SG DevCorp paid $6,500 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the second tranche and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 35,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock as described in the Amendment.

The Second Debenture matures twelve months from its date of issuance and bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The Second Debenture is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of SG DevCorp equal to the principal amount of the Second Debenture plus all accrued and unpaid interest at a conversion price equal to $2.14, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Second Debenture.

The Second Debenture is redeemable by SG DevCorp at a redemption price equal to 110% of the sum of the principal amount to be redeemed plus accrued interest, if any. While the Second Debenture is outstanding, if SG DevCorp receives cash proceeds of more than $1,500,000.00 (the “November 2023 SPA Minimum Threshold”) in the aggregate from any source or series of related or unrelated sources, SG DevCorp shall, within two business days of SG DevCorp’s receipt of such proceeds, inform the holder of such receipt, following which the holder shall have the right in its sole discretion to require SG DevCorp to immediately apply up to 50% of all proceeds received by SG DevCorp (from any source except with respect to proceeds from the issuance of equity or debt to officers and directors of SG DevCorp) after the November 2023 SPA Minimum Threshold is reached to repay the outstanding amounts owed under the Second Debenture.

The Second Debenture contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs, until it is cured, Peak One may increase the interest rate applicable to the Second Debenture to the lesser of eighteen percent (18%) per annum and the maximum interest rate allowable under applicable law and accelerate the full indebtedness under the Second Debenture, in an amount equal to 110% of the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest. The Second Debenture prohibits SG DevCorp from entering into a Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Second Debenture) until the Second Debenture is paid in full.

The SGD Warrant #2 expires five years from its date of issuance. The SGD Warrant #2 is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 125,000 shares of common stock of SG DevCorp at an exercise price equal to $2.53, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the SGD Warrant #2. The SGD Warrant #2 provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances.

Under the Amendment, a closing of the third tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCorp and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the November 2023 Purchase Agreement at any time after April 16, 2024.

Maxim acted as placement agent in connection with the November Offering. In connection with the closing of the second tranche, SG DevCorp paid a placement fee of $13,500 to Maxim. Assuming the third tranche is closed, a placement fee in an amount equal to $13,500 will be payable by SG DevCorp to Maxim upon closing of the third tranche.

On January 11, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “January 2024 Purchase Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue, in a private placement offering (the “January Offering”), upon the satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the January 2024 Purchase Agreement, two debentures to Peak One in the aggregate principal amount of $1,300,000.

The closing of the first tranche was consummated on January 12, 2024 and the Company issued an 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $650,000 (the “Holdings Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “Peak Warrant #3”) to purchase up to 375,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) to Peak One’s designee, as described in the January 2024 Purchase Agreement. The Holdings Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $585,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the January Offering, the Company paid $17,500 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs incurred in connection with the transactions contemplated by the January 2024 Purchase Agreement and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate of 300,000 shares of its common stock 15,000 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) as provided in the January 2024 Purchase Agreement.

The Holdings Debenture matures twelve months from its date of issuance and bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The Holdings Debenture is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of the Company equal to the principal amount of the Holdings Debenture, plus all accrued and unpaid interest, at a conversion price equal to $0.46 (the “Conversion Price”) ($9.20 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Holdings Debenture.

The Holdings Debenture is redeemable by the Company at a redemption price equal to 110% of the sum of the principal amount to be redeemed plus accrued interest, if any. While the Holdings Debenture is outstanding, if the Company receives cash proceeds of more than $1,500,000 (the “January 2024 SPA Minimum Threshold”) in the aggregate from any source or series of related or unrelated sources, the Company shall, within two (2) business days of the Company’s receipt of such proceeds, inform Peak One of such receipt, following which Peak One shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to require the Company to immediately apply up to 50% of all proceeds received by the Company (from any source except with respect to proceeds from the issuance of equity or debt to officers and directors of the Company) after the January 2024 SPA Minimum Threshold is reached to repay the outstanding amounts owed under the Debenture.

The Peak Warrant #3 expires five years from its date of issuance. The Peak Warrant #3 is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 375,000 of shares of common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split)  of the Company at an exercise price equal to $0.53 ($10.60 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Peak Warrant #3. The Peak Warrant #3 provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances.

Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) acted as placement agent in the January Offering. In connection with the closing of the first tranche of the January Offering, the Company paid a placement fee of $40,950 to Maxim. Assuming the second tranche is closed, a placement fee in an amount equal to $40,950 will be payable by the Company to Maxim upon closing of the second tranche of the January Offering.

On April 29, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated April 29, 2024 (the “April 2024 Purchase Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which SG DevCorp agreed to issue, in a private placement offering upon the satisfaction of certain conditions specified in the April 2024 Purchase Agreement, three Debentures to Peak One in the aggregate principal amount of $1,200,000. The closing of the first tranche was consummated on April 29, 2024 and SG DevCorp issued an 8% convertible debenture in principal amount of $350,000 (the “First 2024 Debenture”) to Peak One and a warrant (the “First 2024 Warrant”) to purchase up to 262,500 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock to Peak One’s designee as described in the April 2024 Purchase Agreement. The First 2024 Debenture was sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $315,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the first tranche, SG DevCorp paid $10,000 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs and issued to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 80,000 shares of its common stock as commitment shares.

The First 2024 Debenture matures twelve months from its date of issuance and bears interest at a rate of 8% per annum payable on the maturity date. The First 2024 Debenture is convertible, at the option of the holder, at any time, into such number of shares of common stock of SG DevCorp equal to the principal amount of the First 2024 Debenture plus all accrued and unpaid interest at a conversion price equal to $0.70, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price of $0.165.

The First 2024 Debenture is redeemable by SG DevCorp at a redemption price equal to 110% of the sum of the principal amount to be redeemed plus accrued interest, if any. While the First 2024 First Debenture contains customary events of default. If an event of default occurs, until it is cured, Peak One may increase the interest rate applicable to the First 2024 Debenture to the lesser of eighteen percent (18%) per annum and the maximum interest rate allowable under applicable law and accelerate the full indebtedness under the First 2024 Debenture, in an amount equal to 110% of the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest. Subject to limited exceptions set forth in the First 2024 Debenture, the First 2024 Debenture prohibits the Company from entering into a Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the First 2024 Debenture) or incurring any new indebtedness that is senior to the First 2024 Debenture or secured by the assets of the Company until the First 2024 Debenture is paid in full.

The First 2024 Warrant expires five years from its date of issuance. The First 2024 Warrant is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 262,500 of shares of common stock of SG DevCorp at an exercise price equal to $0.76, subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations, and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price of $0.165. The First 2024 Warrant provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances.

Under the April 2024 Purchase Agreement, a closing of the second tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCorp and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement at any time after June 28, 2024, upon which the Company would issue and sell to Peak One on the same terms and conditions a second 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $350,000 and issue to Peak One’s designee on the same terms and conditions a second warrant to purchase up to 262,500 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock. The second debenture would be sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $315,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the second tranche, the Company will pay $10,000 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs and will issue to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 80,000 shares as commitment shares.

Under the April 2024 Purchase Agreement, a closing of the third tranche may occur subject to the mutual written agreement of Peak One and SG DevCorp and satisfaction of the closing conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement at any time after 60 days after the closing of the second tranche, upon which SG DevCorp would issue and sell to Peak One on the same terms and conditions a third 8% convertible debenture in the principal amount of $500,000. and issue to Peak One’s designee on the same terms and conditions a third warrant ) to purchase up to 375,000 shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock. The third debenture would be sold to Peak One for a purchase price of $450,000, representing an original issue discount of ten percent (10%). In connection with the closing of the third tranche, SG DevCorp will pay $10,000 as a non-accountable fee to Peak One to cover its accounting fees, legal fees and other transactional costs and will issue to Peak One and its designee an aggregate total of 100,000 shares as commitment shares.

Cash Advance Agreements

On May 16, 2023, SG Building entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the "Cash Advance Agreement”) with Cedar Advance LLC (“Cedar”), pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $710,500 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $500,000. Cedar is expected to withdraw $25,375 a week directly from SG Building until the $710,500 due to Cedar is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo.SG Building incurred $25,000 in debt issuance costs in connection with the Cash Advance Agreement. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was no outstanding balance on this advance.

On September 26, 2023, SG Building and Cedar entered into a second Cash Advance Agreement (the “Second Cash Advance Agreement”) pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $1,171,500 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $825,000. Cedar is expected to withdraw $41,800 a week directly from SG Building, until the $1,171,500 due to Cedar is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Second Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Second Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Second Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the outstanding balance was $0 and $424,454 on this advance, respectively.

On November 20, 2023, SG Building entered into a third Cash Advance Agreement (the “Third Cash Advance Agreement”) with Cedar pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $511,200 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $360,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided of $342,200. Cedar is expected to withdraw $20,300 a week directly from SG Building until the $511,200 due to Cedar under the Third Cash Advance Agreement is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Third Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Third Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building ’s obligations under the Third Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the outstanding balance was $0 and $302,817 on this advance, respectively.

On January 5, 2024, SG Building and SG Echo (together with SG Building, the “Merchants”) entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the “January Cash Advance Agreement”) with Maison Capital Group (“Maison”) pursuant to which the Merchants sold to Maison $300,000 of their future receivables for a purchase price of $200,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided of $190,000.

Pursuant to the January Cash Advance Agreement, Maison is expected to withdraw $12,500 a week directly from the Merchants until the $300,000 due to Maison under the January Cash Advance Agreement is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the January Cash Advance Agreement), Maison, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the January Cash Advance Agreement. The Merchants’ obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement are secured by a security interest in all accounts, including without limitation, all deposit accounts, accounts-receivable, and other receivables, chattel paper, documents, equipment, general intangibles, instruments, and inventory, as those terms are defined by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, now or hereafter owned or acquired by any of them. In addition, SG Building’s obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo, and SG Echo’s obligations under the January Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Building Blocks. The amounts outstanding under the January Cash Advance Agreement may be prepaid by the Merchants at any time without penalty.

On January 29, 2024, SG Building entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the “Fourth Cash Advance Agreement” and, together with the Cash Advance Agreement, the Second Cash Advance Agreement and the Third Cash Advance Agreement, the “Cedar Cash Advance Agreements”) with Cedar pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $1,733,420 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $1,180,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid and the repayment of prior amounts due Cedar, for net funds provided of $215,575.

Pursuant to the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement, Cedar is expected to withdraw $49,150 a week directly from SG Building until the $1,733,420 due to Cedar under the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Fourth Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo.

On February 23, 2024, the Merchants entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (“February Cash Advance Agreement”) with Bridgecap Advance LLC (“Bridgecap”) pursuant to which the Merchants sold to Bridgecap $224,850 of their future receivables for a purchase price of $150,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided of $135,000.

Pursuant to the February Cash Advance Agreement, Bridgecap is expected to withdraw $2,248.50 a day directly from the Merchants until the $224,850 due to Bridgecap under the February Cash Advance Agreement is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the February Cash Advance Agreement), Bridgecap, among other remedies (including penalties and fees) can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the February Cash Advance Agreement. The Merchants’ obligations under the February Cash Advance Agreement are secured by a security interest in all accounts, including without limitation, all deposit accounts, accounts-receivable, other receivables, and proceeds therefrom, as those terms are defined by Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, now or hereafter owned or acquired by any of them. The amounts outstanding under the February Cash Advance Agreement may be prepaid by the Merchants at any time without penalty.

SouthStar Secured Note

In connection with the exercise of its option to acquire 19 acres of land and the approximately 56,775 square foot facility located at 101 Waldron Road in Durant Oklahoma (the “Premises”), on June 8, 2023, SG Echo issued a secured commercial promissory note, dated June 1, 2023 (the “Secured Note”), in the principal amount of $1,750,000 with SouthStar Financial, LLC, a South Carolina limited liability company (“SouthStar”), and entered into a Non-Recourse Factoring and Security Agreement, dated June 1, 2023 (the “Factoring Agreement”), with SouthStar providing for its purchase from SG Echo of up to $1,500,000 of accounts receivable, subject to reduction by South Star (the “Facility Amount”).

The Secured Note bears Interest at 23% per annum and is due and payable on June 1, 2025. The Secured Note is secured by a mortgage (the “Mortgage”) on the Premises and secured by a Security Agreement, dated June 1, 2023 (the “Security Agreement”), pursuant to which SG Echo granted to SouthStar first priority security interest in all of SG Echo’s presently-owned and hereafter-acquired personal and fixture property, wherever located, including, without limitation, all accounts, goods, chattel paper, inventory, equipment, instruments, investment property, documents, deposit accounts, commercial tort claims, letters-of-credit rights, general intangibles including payment intangibles, patents, software trademarks, trade names, customer lists, supporting obligations, all proceeds and products of the foregoing. SG Echo paid to SouthStar an origination fee in the amount of 3% of the face amount of the Secured Note. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Secured Note), the default interest rate will be 28% per annum, or the maximum legal amount provided by law, whichever is greater.

The Factoring Agreement provides that upon acceptance of an account receivable for purchase, SouthStar will pay to SG Echo eighty percent (80%) of the face amount of the account receivable, or such lesser percentage as agreed by the parties. SG Echo will also pay to SouthStar one and 95/100 percent (1.95%) of the face amount of the accounts receivable for the first twenty-five (25) day period after payment for the accounts receivable is transmitted to SouthStar plus one and 25/100 percent (1.25%) for each additional fifteen (15) day period or part thereof, calculated from the date of purchase until payments received by SouthStar in collected funds on the purchased accounts receivable equals the purchase price of the accounts receivable, plus all charges due SouthStar from SG Echo at the time. An additional one and 50/100 percent (1.50%) per fifteen (15) day period will be charged for invoices exceeding sixty (60) days from advance date. The Factoring Agreement provides that SG Echo may require additional funding from SouthStar (an “Overadvance”) and SouthStar may provide the Overadvance in its sole discretion. In the event of an Overadvance, SG Echo will pay SouthStar an amount equal to three and 90/100 percent (3.90%) of the amount of the Overadvance for the first twenty-five (25) day period after the Overadvance is transmitted to SouthStar plus two and 50/100 percent (2.50%) for each additional fifteen (15) day period or part thereof until payments received by SouthStar in collected funds equals the amount of the Overadvance, plus all charges due SouthStar from SG Echo at the time.

The Factoring Agreement provides that SG Echo will also pay a transactional administrative fee of $50.00 for each new account debtor submitted to it and a fee equal to 0.25% of the face amount of all purchased accounts receivable for the handling, collecting, mailing, quality assuring, insuring the risk, transmitting, and performing certain data processing services with respect to the maintenance and servicing of the purchased accounts.

As security for the payment and performance of SG Echo’s present and future obligations to SouthStar under the Factoring Agreement, SG Echo granted to SouthStar a first priority security interest in all of SG Echo’s presently-owned and hereafter-acquired personal and fixture property, wherever located, including, without limitation, all accounts, goods, chattel paper, inventory, equipment, instruments, investment property, documents, deposit accounts, commercial tort claims, letters-of-credit rights, general intangibles including payment intangibles, patents, software trademarks, trade names, customer lists, supporting obligations, all proceeds and products of the foregoing.

The Factoring Agreement has an initial term of thirty-six (36) months from the first day of the month following the date the first purchased accounts receivable is purchased. Unless terminated by SG Echo, not less than sixty (60) but not more than ninety (90) days before the end of the initial term, the Factoring Agreement will automatically extend for an additional thirty-six (36) months. SG Echo shall be required to provide the same not less than sixty (60) but not more than ninety (90) days notice during any and all renewal terms in order to terminate the Factoring Agreement, and if no notice is provided, the renewal term will extend for an additional thirty-six (36) month period.

If SouthStar has not purchased accounts receivable in a quarterly period during any initial or renewal term which exceed fifty percent (50%) of the Facility Amount per calendar quarter, in which $250,000 of the purchased accounts each month must be with ATCO Structures & Logistics (USA) Inc. (“Minimum Amount”), the Factoring Agreement provides that SG Echo will pay to SouthStar, on demand, an additional amount equal to what the charges provided for elsewhere in the Factoring Agreement would have been on the Minimum Amount assuming the number of days from the date of purchase of the Minimum Amount until receipt of payment of the Minimum Amount is thirty one (31) days, less the actual charges paid by SG Echo to SouthStar during such period.

Pursuant to a Secured Continuing Corporate Guaranty, dated June 8, 2023 (the “Corporate Guaranty”), the Company has guaranteed SG Echo’s obligations to SouthStar under the Secured Note and Factoring Agreement.

Pursuant to a Cross-Default and Cross Collateralization Agreement, effective June 8, 2023, among SouthStar, SG Echo and the Company, SG Echo’s obligations under the Secured Note and Factoring Agreement are cross-defaulted and cross-collateralized such that any event of default under the Secured Note shall constitute an event of default under the Factoring Agreement at SouthStar’s election (and vice versa, any event of default under the Factoring Agreement shall constitute an event of default under the Secured Note at SouthStar’s election) and any collateral pledged to secure SG Echo’s obligations under the Secured Note shall also secure SG Echo’s obligations under the Factoring Agreement (and vice versa).

SG Echo incurred $70,120 in debt issuance costs in connection with the Secured Note.

BCV Loan Agreement

On June 23 2023, SG DevCorp, entered into a Loan Agreement (the “BCV Loan Agreement”) with a Luxembourg-based specialized investment fund, BCV S&G DevCorp (“BCV S&G”), for up to $2,000,000 in proceeds, of which it originally received $1,250,000. The BCV Loan Agreement provides that the loan provided thereunder will bear interest at 14% per annum and mature on December 1, 2024. The loan may be repaid by SG DevCo at any anytime following the twelve-month anniversary of its issue date. The loan is secured by 1,999,999 of our shares of SG DevCorp’s common stock (the “Pledged Shares”), which were pledged pursuant to an escrow agreement with SG DevCorp’s transfer agent, and which represent 19.99% of SG DevCorp’s outstanding shares. The fees associated with the issuance include $70,000 paid to BCV S&G for the creation of the BCV Loan Agreement and $27,500 payable to BCV S&G per annum for maintaining the BCV Loan Agreement. Additionally, $37,500 in broker fees has been paid to Bridgeline Capital Partners S.A. on the principal amount raised of $1,250,000 raised to date. The Company has paid $35,000 in debt issuance costs.

On August 16, 2023, SG DevCorp secured an additional $500,000 in bridge funding from BCV S&G under the BCV Loan Agreement.

The BCV Loan Agreement, as amended on August 25, 2023 and further amended on September 11, 2023, provided that if SG DevCorp’s shares of common stock were not listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market on before September 30, 2023 or if following such listing the total market value of the Pledged Shares falls below twice the face value of the loan, the loan would be further secured by SG DevCorp’s St. Mary’s industrial site, consisting of 29.66 acres and a proposed manufacturing facility in St. Mary’s, Georgia. Following the listing, the total market value of the Pledged Shares has fallen below twice the face value of the loan and SG DevCorp and BCV S&G are in discussions regarding alternatives.

Galvin Promissory Note

On December 14, 2023, the Company entered into a promissory note with Paul Galvin, the Company’s Chairman and CEO, for $75,000 (“Galvin Note Payable”). The note shall not accrue interest, and the entire unpaid principal balance is due December 14, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 the Company entered into an additional promissory note with Mr. Galvin in the amount of $10,000. The note shall not accrue interest, and the entire unpaid principal balance is due December 14, 2024.

Leighton Line of Credit

On March 1, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a credit agreement with the Bryan Leighton Revocable Trust Dated December 13th, 2023 (“Leighton”) pursuant to which Leighton agreed to provide SG DevCorp with a line of credit facility (the “Line of Credit”) up to the maximum amount of $250,000 from which SG DevCorp may draw down, at any time and from time to time, during the term of the Line of Credit. The maturity date of the Line of Credit is September 1, 2024. At any time prior to the maturity date, upon mutual written consent of the Company and Leighton, the maturity date may be extended for up to an additional six-month period. The advanced and unpaid principal of the Line of Credit from time to time outstanding will bear interest at a fixed rate per annum equal to 12.0% (the “Fixed Rate”). On the first day of each month, SG DevCorp will pay to Leighton interest, in arrears, on the aggregate outstanding principal indebtedness of the Line of Credit at the Fixed Rate. The entire principal indebtedness of the Line of Credit and any accrued interest thereon will be due and payable on the maturity date. In consideration for the extension of the Line of Credit, SG DevCorp issued 154,320 shares of SG DevCorp common stock to Leighton. The fair value of the shares issued to Leighton amounted to $125,000 and has been recorded as a debt discount and will be amortized over the effective rate method. As of June 30, 2024, SG DevCorp drew down $250,000 from the Line of Credit.

1800 Diagonal Note

On March 5, 2024, the Company issued a promissory note (the "1800 Diagonal Note”) in favor of 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC (“1800 Diagonal”) in the aggregate principal amount of $149,500 pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated March 5, 2024 (the “SPA”).

The 1800 Diagonal Note was purchased by 1800 Diagonal for a purchase price of $130,000, representing an original issue discount of $19,500. A one-time interest charge of ten percent (10%) (the “Interest Rate”) will be applied on the issuance date to the Principal. Under the terms of the 1800 Diagonal Note, beginning on April 15, 2024, the Company is required to make nine monthly payments of accrued, unpaid interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, in the amount of $18,272,23. The Company shall have a five business day grace period with respect to each payment. Any amount of principal or interest on this 1800 Diagonal Note which is not paid when due will bear interest at the rate of  22% per annum from the due date thereof until the same is paid (“Default Interest”). The Company has right to accelerate payments or prepay in full at any time with no prepayment penalty.

Among other things, an event of default  will be deemed to have occurred if the Company fails to pay the principal or interest when due on the 1800 Diagonal Note, whether at maturity, upon acceleration or otherwise, if bankruptcy or insolvency proceedings are instituted by or against the Company or if the Company fails to maintain the listing of its common stock on The Nasdaq Stock Market. Upon the occurrence of an event of default, the 1800 Diagonal Note will become immediately due and payable and the Company will be obligated to pay to the Investor, in satisfaction of its obligations under the 1800 Diagonal Note, an amount equal to 200% times the sum of the then outstanding principal amount of the 1800 Diagonal Note plus accrued and unpaid interest on the unpaid principal amount of this 1800 Diagonal Note to the date of payment plus Default Interest, if any.

After an event of default, at any time following the six month anniversary of the 1800 Diagonal Note, 1800 Diagonal will have the right, to convert all or any part of the outstanding and unpaid amount of the 1800 Diagonal Note into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price equal to the greater of $0.08 or 65% multiplied by the lowest closing bid price during the 10 trading days prior to the conversion date (representing a discount rate of 35%). The 1800 Diagonal Note may not be converted into shares of the Company’s common stock if the conversion would result in 1800 Diagonal and its affiliates owning an aggregate of in excess of 4.99% of the then outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. In addition, unless the Company obtains shareholder approval of such issuance, the Company shall not issue a number of shares of its common stock under 1800 Diagonal Note, which when aggregated with all other securities that are required to be aggregated for purposes of Nasdaq Rule 5635(d), would exceed 19.99% of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding as of the date of definitive agreement with respect to the first of such aggregated transactions (the “Conversion Limitation”). Upon the occurrence of an event of default as a result of the Company being delisted from Nasdaq, the Conversion Limitation shall no longer apply. 

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, long term notes payable consisted of the following:

	2024			2023
LV Note	$	5,000,000		$	5,000,000
2nd Lien Note		1,000,000			—
Authority Loan Agreement		750,000			750,000
2022 Note		200,000			148,300
Debenture		—			123,600
Peak One Debenture		—			700,000
Second Debenture		—			—
Third Debenture		150,000			—
Holdings Debenture		—			—
First 2024 Debenture		350,000			—
Second 2024 Debenture		350,000			—
Cedar Cash Advance Agreements		733,336			727,271
January Cash Advance Agreement		25,000			—
February Cash Advance Agreement		22,767			—
Secured Note		1,750,000			1,750,000
Overadvance		790,546			790,546
BCV Loan Agreement		1,750,000			1,750,000
Leighton Line of Credit		250,000			—
1800 Diagonal Note		99,667			—
Galvin Note Payable		23,000			75,000
		13,244,316			11,814,717
Less: Debt discount and debt issuance costs		(677,950	)		(895,222	)
		12,566,366			10,919,495
Less: current maturities		(10,103,921	)		(8,472,080	)
	$	2,462,445		$	2,447,415

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Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets

Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets

10. Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets

Majestic World Holdings

On February 7, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement (“MIPA”) to acquire Majestic World Holdings LLC (“Majestic”). The aggregate consideration payable by SG DevCorp for the outstanding membership interests (the “Membership Interests’) of Majestic consists of 500,000 shares of SG DevCorp restricted stock (the “Stock Consideration”) and $500,000 in cash (the “Cash Consideration”). The MIPA and a related side letter provide that the aggregate purchase price be paid as follows: (i) the Stock Consideration was issued at the closing (the “Closing”) on February 7, 2024; and (ii) 100% of the Cash Consideration will be paid in five equal installments of $100,000 each on the first day of each of the five quarterly periods following the Closing. In addition, pursuant to a profit sharing agreement entered into as of February 7, 2024 (the “Profit Sharing Agreement”), SG DevCorp agreed to pay the former members of Majestic a 50% share of the net profits for a period of five years that are directly derived from the technology and intellectual property utilized in the real estate focused software as a service offered and operated by Majestic and its subsidiaries. In accordance with ASC 805, the Majestic acquisition is accounted for as a business combination. The Majestic acquisition was made for the purpose of expanding SG DevCorp’s footprint into technology space.

The purchase consideration amounted to:

Cash	$	500,000
Contingent consideration payable		945,000
Equity consideration		435,000
	$	1,880,000

As part of the Majestic acquisition, the Company recorded a contingent consideration liability for additional payments pursuant to the Profit Sharing Agreement. The initial contingent consideration liability of $945,000 was based on the fair value of the contingent consideration liability at the acquisition date, and is payable in cash. 

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the Majestic Acquisition:  

Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,082
Intangible assets		100,468
Goodwill		1,810,787
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(32,337	)
	$	1,880,000

As of June 30, 2024, the Company has not completed its measurement period with respect to the Majestic acquisition. The amounts above represent provisional amounts recorded at this time and are subject to adjustments once the measurement period has ended. 

Below is a proforma condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2024, as if the Company purchased Majestic as of January 1, 2024. A proforma condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2024, is not presented because during that period there was no activity in Majestic.

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	(Unaudited)
Revenue:
Sales	$	163,970
Total		163,970
Operating expenses:
Payroll and related expenses	$	2,611,732
General and administrative expenses		804,317
Marketing and business development expense		201,811
Total		3,617,860
Operating loss		(3,453,890	)
Other expense:
Interest Expense		(1,631,814	)
Net loss	$	(5,085,704	)

MyVONIA

As of May 6, 2024, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “APA”) with Dr. Axely Congress to purchase all of the assets related to the artificial intelligence technology known as My Virtual Online Intelligent Assistant (“MyVONIA”). MyVONIA, an advanced artificial intelligence assistant, utilizes machine learning and natural language processing algorithms to provide users with human-like conversational interactions, tailored to their specific needs. MyVONIA does not require an app, or website but is accessible to subscribers via text messaging. 

On June 6, 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of all of the assets related to MyVONIA pursuant to the APA. The purchase price for MyVONIA is up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Of such shares, 200,000 shares of common stock were issued at the closing on June 6, 2024, with an additional 300,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the achievement of certain benchmarks. The purchase of MyVONIA was determined to be an acquisition of assets, of which intangible assets were acquired. The fair value of the purchase amounted to $228,360 which resulted from the 200,000 shares of common stock issued, and the estimated value of the contingent shares to be issued. 

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Leases

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

11. Leases

The Company leases an office, a manufacturing plant and certain equipment under non-cancellable operating lease agreements. The leases have remaining lease terms ranging from one year to ten years. 

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:  

Balance Sheet Location		June 30, 2024
Finance Leases
Right-of-use assets		$	1,225,370
Current liabilities	Lease liability, current maturities		463,114
Non-current liabilities	Lease liability, net of current maturities		—
Total finance lease liabilities		$	463,114
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term
Finance leases			0.67 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Finance leases			3%

As the leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company used an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of the lease payments, which is reflective of the specific term of the leases and economic environment of each geographic region. 

Anticipated future lease costs, which are based in part on certain assumptions to approximate minimum annual rental commitments under non-cancellable leases, are as follows: 

Year Ending December 31:	Financing
2024 (remaining)	$	334,112
2025		133,645
Total lease payments		467,757
Less: Imputed interest		4,643
Present value of lease liabilities	$	463,114

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Net Income (Loss) Per Share

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Net Income (Loss) Per Share [Abstract]

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

12. Net Income (Loss) Per Share

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) for the period by the weighted average number of common and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares consist of the common shares issuable upon the exercise of stock options and warrants. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the calculation if their effect is antidilutive. 

At June 30, 2024, there were options, restricted stock units and warrants of 1,822, 14,887 and 4,023,411, respectively, outstanding that could potentially dilute future net income per share. Because the Company had a net loss as of June 30, 2024, it is prohibited from including potential common shares in the computation of diluted per share amounts. Accordingly, the Company has used the same number of shares outstanding to calculate both the basic and diluted loss per share. At June 30, 2023, there were no restricted stock units and options and warrants of 1,822 and 126,251, respectively, outstanding that could potentially dilute future net income per share.

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Construction Backlog

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Construction Backlog [Abstract]

Construction Backlog

13. Construction Backlog

The following represents the backlog of signed construction and engineering contracts in existence at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, which represents the amount of revenue the Company expects to realize from work to be performed on uncompleted contracts in progress and from contractual agreements in effect at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, on which work has not yet begun:

	2024			2023
Balance - beginning of period	$	1,902,332		$	6,810,762
New contracts and change orders during the period		4,430,208			11,614,650
Adjustments and cancellations, net		(73,381	)		—
Subtotal		6,259,159			18,425,412
Less: contract revenue earned during the period		(2,179,369	)		(16,523,080	)
Balance - end of period	$	4,079,790		$	1,902,332

The Company’s remaining backlog as of June 30, 2024 represents the remaining transaction price of firm contracts for which work has not been performed and excludes unexercised contract options. 

The Company expects to satisfy its backlog which represents the remaining unsatisfied performance obligation on contracts as of June 30, 2024 over the following period:   

	2024
Within 1 year	$	4,079,790
1 to 2 years		—
Total Backlog	$	4,079,790

Although backlog reflects business that is considered to be firm, cancellations, deferrals or scope adjustments may occur. Backlog is adjusted to reflect any known project cancellations, revisions to project scope and cost and project deferrals, as appropriate.

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Stockholders' Equity

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

14. Stockholders’ Equity 

Financings

Registered Direct Offering – 

In October 2021, the Company closed a registered direct offering and concurrent private placement of its common stock (the "October Offering") that the Company effected pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement that it entered into on October 25, 2021 with an institutional investor and received gross proceeds of $11.55 million. Pursuant to the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Company issued to the investor (A) in a registered direct offering (i) 975,000 shares (the “Public Shares”) of its common stock, and (ii) pre-funded warrants (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) to purchase up to 2,189,384 shares (the “Pre-Funded Warrant Shares”) of common stock and (B) in a concurrent private placement, Series A warrants to purchase up to 1,898,630 shares (the “Common Stock Warrant Shares”) of common stock (the “Common Stock Warrants,” and together with the Public Shares and the Pre-Funded Warrants, the “Securities”) (the “Offering The Pre-Funded Warrants were immediately exercisable at a nominal exercise price of $0.001 and all Pre-Funded Warrants sold have been exercised. The Common Stock Warrants have an exercise price of $4.80 per share, are exercisable upon issuance and will expire five years from the date of issuance. A.G.P./Alliance Global Partners (the “Placement Agent”) acted as the exclusive placement agent for the transaction pursuant to that certain Placement Agency Agreement, dated as of October 25, 2021, by and between the Company and the Placement Agent (the “Placement Agency Agreement”), the Placement Agent received (i) a cash fee equal to seven percent (7.0%) of the gross proceeds from the placement of the Securities sold by the Placement Agent in the Offering and (ii) a non-accountable expense allowance of one half of one percent (0.5%) of the gross proceeds from the placement of the Gross Proceeds Securities sold by the Placement Agent in the Offering. The Company also reimbursed the Placement Agent’s expenses up to $50,000 upon closing the Offering. The net proceeds to the Company after deducting the Placement Agent’s fees and the Company’s estimated offering expenses was approximately $10.5 million. 

Securities Purchase Agreement – In April 2019, the Company issued 42,388 shares of its common stock at $22.00 per share through a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional investors and accredited investors. Concurrently with the sale of the common stock, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company also sold common stock purchase warrants to such investors to purchase up to an aggregate of 42,388 shares of common stock. The Company incurred $379,816 in issuance costs from the offering and issued 4,239 warrants to the underwriters. The warrants are further discussed in Note 16.

Underwriting Agreement – In August 2019, the Company issued 45,000 shares of its common stock at $17.00 per share pursuant to the terms of an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) to the public. The Company incurred $181,695 in issuance costs from the offering and issued warrants to purchase 2,250 shares of common stock to the underwriter. The warrants are further discussed in Note 16.

Equity Purchase Agreement - On February 7, 2023, the Company entered into an Equity Purchase Agreement (the “EP Agreement”) and related Registration Rights Agreement (the “Rights Agreement”) with Peak One, pursuant to which the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to direct Peak One to purchase up to $10,000,000 (the “Maximum Commitment Amount”) in shares of the Company’s common stock in multiple tranches upon satisfaction of certain terms and conditions contained in the EP Agreement and Rights Agreement which includes but is not limited to filing a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission and registering the resale of any shares sold to Peak One. Further, under the EP Agreement and subject to the Maximum Commitment Amount, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to submit a Put Notice (as defined in the EP Agreement) from time to time to Peak One (i) in a minimum amount not less than $25,000 and (ii) in a maximum amount up to the lesser of ( (a) $750,000 or (b) 200% of the Average Daily Trading Value (as defined in the EP Agreement).

In connection with the EP Agreement, the Company issued to Peak One Investments, 75,000 shares of its common stock, and agreed to file a registration statement registering the common stock issued or issuable to Peak One and Peak One Investments under the Agreement for resale with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 60 calendar days of the Agreement, as more specifically set forth in the Rights Agreement. The registration statement was declared effective on April 14, 2023

The obligation of Peak One to purchase the Company’s common stock under the EP Agreement began on the date of the EP Agreement, and ends on the earlier of (i) the date on which Peak One shall have purchased common stock pursuant to the EP Agreement equal to the Maximum Commitment Amount, (ii) thirty six (36) months after the date of the EP Agreement, (iii) written notice of termination by the Company or (iv) the Company’s bankruptcy or similar event (the “Commitment Period”), all subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the EP Agreement.

During the Commitment Period, the purchase price to be paid by Peak One for the common stock under the EP Agreement will be 97% of the Market Price, which is defined as the lesser of the (i) closing bid price of the common stock on its principal market on the trading day immediately preceding the respective Put Date (as defined in the Agreement), or (ii) lowest closing bid price of the common stock during the Valuation Period (as defined in the Agreement), in each case as reported by Bloomberg Finance L.P or other reputable source designated by Peak One.

The EP Agreement and the Rights Agreement contain customary representations, warranties, agreements and conditions to completing future sale transactions, indemnification rights and obligations of the parties. Among other things, Peak One represented to the Company, that it is an “accredited investor” (as such term is defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D under the Securities Act, and the Company sold the securities in reliance upon an exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

During the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued 13,355 shares of common stock under the EP Agreement for $28,867.

Issuance of common stock and warrants for debt issuance – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 the Company issued 15,000 shares of common stock and warrants for issuances of debt. The value of the shares and warrants amounted to $251,361.

Restricted Stock Units – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 the Company issued 38,934 shares of common stock with a value of $527,336 for vested restricted stock units. 

Conversion – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 Peak One converted $802,067 of its principal balance and accrued interest into 154,155 shares of common stock of the Company. Such conversion was within the terms of the agreement with no gains or losses recognized on the transactions.

Warrant exercise – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 11,389 shares of common stock were issued resulting from cashless warrant exercises.

Settlement of accounts payable – During the six months ended June 30, 2024, 129,603 shares of common stock were issued resulting from the settlement of accounts payable in the amount of $489,268.

Noncontrolling interest – During the six months ended June 30, 2024 SG DevCorp recorded $5,166,849 of additional equity transactions which related to transactions in its own stock from debt issuances to third parties.

Inducement - On March 8, 2024, the Company entered into a warrant inducement agreement (the “Inducement Agreement”) with a certain holder (the “Holder”) of warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), issued in a private placement offering that closed on October 27, 2021 (the “Existing Warrants”). Pursuant to the Inducement Agreement, the Holder of the Existing Warrants agreed to exercise for cash the Existing Warrants to purchase up to 1,898,630 shares of common stock (94,932 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an exercise price of $ 0.2603 per share ($5.206 as adjusted for the May Stock Split). The Company recognized common stock deemed dividends in the amount of $670,881 which resulted from the excess initial fair value of the New Warrants Shares issued described below. In addition, the Company incurred $454,867 of equity related costs which have been netted with the net proceeds from the July 2022 Offering. The Company received aggregate gross proceeds of approximately $494,213, before deducting placement agent fees and other expenses payable by the Company.

In consideration of the Holder’s immediate exercise of the Existing Warrants, the Company issued unregistered warrants (the “New Warrants”) to purchase 3,797,260 shares of Common Stock (189,863 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) (200% of the number of shares of common stock issued upon exercise of the Existing Warrants) (the “New Warrant Shares”) to the Holder.

The issuance of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Existing Warrants have been registered pursuant to an existing registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-260996), which was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on November 23, 2021.

In addition, pursuant to the Inducement Agreement, the Company agreed not to issue any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock equivalents (as defined in the Inducement Agreement) or to file any other registration statement with the SEC (in each case, subject to certain exceptions) until thirty (30) days after the closing. The Company has also agreed not to effect or agree to effect any Variable Rate Transaction (as defined in the Inducement Agreement) until sixty (60) days after closing.

The Company agreed in the Inducement Agreement to file a registration statement to register the resale of the New Warrant Shares (the “Resale Registration Statement”) on or before thirty (30) days from the initial closing of the transactions contemplated by the Inducement Agreement, and to use commercially reasonable efforts to have such Resale Registration Statement declared effective by the SEC within sixty (60) days (or, in the event of a full review, ninety (90) calendar days) following the date of filing the Resale Registration Statement.

Under the Inducement Agreement, to the extent required under the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Stock Market, the Company agreed to hold a special or annual meeting of shareholders no later than the 60th calendar date following the date of the Inducement Agreement for the purpose of seeking the Stockholder Approval (as defined below). If the Company does not obtain Stockholder Approval at the first meeting, the Company shall call a meeting every ninety (90) days thereafter to seek Stockholder Approval until the earlier of the date Stockholder Approval is obtained or the New Warrants are no longer outstanding.

The Company expects to use the net proceeds from these transactions for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

Maxim served as the Company’s financial advisor in connection with the transactions described in the Inducement Agreement, and the Company paid Maxim (i) a cash fee equal to 7.0% of the aggregate gross proceeds received from the Holder upon exercise of the Existing Warrants and the exercise of the New Warrants, and (ii) $10,000 for legal fees and other out-of-pocket expenses.

May 2024 Private Placement - On May 3, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “May Securities Purchase Agreement”) for a private placement (the “Private Placement”) with a single accredited institutional investor (the “Purchaser”). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Purchaser agreed to purchase 130,000 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the “Common Stock”), and pre-funded warrants to purchase 1,249,310 shares of Common Stock in lieu thereof (the “Pre-Funded Warrants”) and common warrants (the “Common Warrants”) to purchase up to 2,758,620 shares of Common Stock. Pursuant to the May Securities Purchase Agreement, the combined offering price of each Share and Common Warrant was set at $2.90 and the combined offering price of each Pre-Funded Warrant and Common Warrant was set at $2.8999. The Shares, the Pre-Funded Warrants, the Common Warrants and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants are collectively referred to herein as the “Securities.”

The Pre-Funded Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, may be exercised at any time until all of the Pre-Funded Warrants are exercised in full, and have an exercise price of $0.0001 per share. The Common Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, have a term of five years from the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined below) registering the Shares and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants and have an exercise price of $2.65 per share. A holder may not exercise any Pre-Funded Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. A holder may not exercise any Common Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding Common Stock immediately after exercise. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the Common Stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants, respectively, the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which holders of common stock are entitled.

In the event of a “Fundamental Transaction,” which term is defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants and generally includes (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person (as defined in the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants) in which the Company is not the surviving entity (other than a reincorporation in a different state, a transaction for changing the Company’s name, or a similar transaction pursuant to which the surviving company remains a public company), (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly, effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in one or a series of related transactions (which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall not include such transactions that do not require approval of the Company’s stockholders), (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property other than a stock split, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off, merger or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group acquires more than 50% of the voting power of the common equity of the Company, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised such warrants immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction. Additionally, as more fully described in the Common Warrants, in the event of certain Fundamental Transactions, the holders of the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive consideration in an amount equal to the Black Scholes Value (as defined in the Common Warrants) of the remaining unexercised portion of the Common Warrants on the date of consummation of such Fundamental Transaction.

The Private Placement closed on May 7, 2024. The Company received net proceeds from the Private Placement of $3,590,386. Additionally, during the six months ended June 30, 2023, 279,310 prefunded warrants were exercised.

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Segments and Disaggregated Revenue

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segments and Disaggregated Revenue

15. Segments and Disaggregated Revenue

	Construction			Medical			Development			Corporate and support			Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Revenue	$	2,179,369		$	—		$	91,978		$	—		$	2,271,347
Cost of revenue		1,739,232			—			—			—			1,739,232
Operating expenses		91,814			85,960			3,496,628			3,683,979			7,358,381
Operating loss		348,323			(85,960	)		(3,404,650	)		(3,683,979	)		(6,826,266	)
Other income (expense)		(187,908	)		—			(1,631,814	)		(1,158,810	)		(2,978,532	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		160,415			(85,960	)		(5,036,464	)		(4,842,789	)		(9,804,798	)
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—			—			(670,881	)		(670,881	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—			1,946,822			—			1,946,822
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	160,415		$	(85,960	)	$	(3,089,642	)	$	(5,513,670	)	$	(8,528,857	)
Total assets	$	5,479,525		$	1,406		$	12,654,236		$	2,793,342		$	20,928,509
Depreciation and amortization	$	81,547		$	—		$	—		$	3,487		$	85,034
Capital expenditures	$	7,873		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	7,873
		Construction			Medical			Development		Corporate and support				Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Revenue	$	10,600,990		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	10,600,990
Cost of revenue		10,636,832			—			—			—			10,636,832
Operating expenses		176,987			897			1,217,376			7,439,825			8,835,085
Operating income (loss)		(212,829	)		(897	)		(1,217,376	)		(7,439,825	)		(8,870,927	)
Other income (expense)		252,193			—			(475,046	)		18,816			(204,037	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		39,364			(897	)		(1,692,422	)		(7,421,009	)		(9,074,964	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—			—			—			—
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	39,364		$	(897	)	$	(1,692,422	)	$	(7,421,009	)	$	(9,074,964	)
Total assets	$	10,546,140		$	(897	)	$	(10,929,782	)	$	6,383,877		$	5,999,338
Depreciation and amortization	$	710,578		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	710,578
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—

	Construction			Medical		Development			Corporate and support			Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Revenue	$	1,211,254		$	—	$	42,162		$	—		$	1,253,416
Cost of revenue		1,094,249			—		—			—			1,094,249
Operating expenses		91,281			50,076		945,136			1,866,481			2,952,974
Operating income (loss)		25,724			(50,076)		(902,974	)		(1,866,481	)		(2,793,807	)
Other income (expense)		(137,955	)		—		(1,065,819	)		(550,189	)		(1,753,963	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		(112,231	)		(50,076)		(1,968,793	)		(2,416,670	)		(4,547,770	)
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—		—			—			—
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—		689,077			—			689,077
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	(112,231	)	$	(50,076)	$	(1,279,716)		$	(2,416,670	)	$	(3,858,693	)
Total assets	$	5,479,525		$	1,406	$	12,654,236		$	2,793,342		$	20,928,509
Depreciation and amortization	$	6,484		$	—	$	—		$	1,807		$	8,291
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—
		Construction			Medical		Development		Corporate and support				Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Revenue	$	5,097,055		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	5,097,055
Cost of revenue		5,063,425			—		—			—			5,063,425
Operating expenses		58,428			—		496,463			5,089,597			5,644,488
Operating income (loss)		(24,798	)		—		(496,463	)		(5,089,597	)		(5,610,858	)
Other income (expense)		233,629			—		(187,749	)		9,454			55,334
Income (loss) before income taxes		208,831			—		(684,212	)		(5,080,143	)		(5,555,524	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—		—			—			—
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	208,831		$	—	$	(684,212	)	$	(5,080,143	)	$	(5,555,524	)
Depreciation and amortization	$	562,070		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	562,070
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—

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Warrants

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Warrants [Abstract]

Warrants

16. Warrants  

In conjunction with the June 2017 Public Offering, the Company issued to certain affiliates of the underwriters, as compensation, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,313 shares of common stock (216 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an exercise price of $125.00 per share ($2,500.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after June 21, 2018 and expire June 21, 2023.The fair value of warrants was calculated utilizing a Black-Scholes model and amounted to $63,796. The fair market value of the warrants as of the date of issuance has been included in issuance costs in additional paid-in capital.

In conjunction with the Purchase Agreement in April 2019, the Company also sold warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 42,388 shares of common stock (2,119 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an initial exercise price of $27.50 per share ($550.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after October 29, 2019 and expire October 29, 2024. The Company issued to certain affiliates of the underwriters, as compensation, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 4,239 shares of common stock (212 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an initial exercise price of $27.50 per share ($550.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after October 29, 2019 and expire April 24, 2024.

In conjunction with the Underwriting Agreement in August 2019, the Company issued to the underwriter, as compensation, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2,250 shares of common stock (112 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an initial exercise price of $21.25 per share ($425.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after February 1, 2020 and expire August 29, 2024. 

In conjunction with the Underwriting Agreement in May 2020, the Company issued to the underwriter, as compensation, warrants to purchase an aggregate of 300,000 shares of common stock (15,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), at an initial exercise price of $3.14 per share ($62.80 as adjusted for the May Stock Split),. The warrants are exercisable at the option of the holder on or after November 6, 2020 and expire May 5, 2025. During the year ended December 31, 2021, 226,300 (11,315 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), warrants were exercised and converted into common stock of the Company. The Company has received proceeds of approximately $707,000 from the exercise of the warrants.

In conjunction with the Purchase Agreement in October 2021, the Company also issued Series A warrants to purchase up to 1,898,630 shares of Common Stock (94,932 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), in a concurrent private placement. The warrants are have an exercise price of $4.80 per share, ($96.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), exercisable at the option of the holder on or after October 26, 2021 and will expire five years from the date of issuance. These warrants were exercised in connection with the Inducement Agreement during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

In conjunction with the issuance of the Debenture in February 2023, the Company issued the Peak Warrant to purchase 500,000 shares of the Company's common stock (25,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split).The Peak Warrant expires five years from its date of issuance. The Peak Warrant is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 500,000 of shares of common stock (25,000 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), of the Company at an exercise price equal to $2.25 (the “Exercise Price”) ($45.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events and in the event the Company, at any time while the Peak Warrant is outstanding, issues, sells or grants any option to purchase, or sells or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of, or issues common stock or other securities convertible into, exercisable for, or otherwise entitle any person the right to acquire, shares of common stock, other than with respect to an Exempt Issuance (as defined in the Debenture), at an effective price per share that is lower than the then Exercise Price. In the event of any such anti-dilutive event, the Exercise Price will be reduced at the option of the holder to such lower effective price of the dilutive event, subject to a floor price of $0.40 per share ($8.00 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) unless and until the Company obtains shareholder approval for any issuance below such floor price. The initial fair value of the Peak Warrant amounted to $278,239 and was recorded, in combination with common stock issued above, as a debt discount of $354,329 at the time of issuance of the Debenture.

In connection with the issuance of the Holdings Debenture in January 2024, the Company issued the “Peak Warrant” #3 to purchase up to 375,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) to Peak One’s designee, as described in the January 2024 Purchase Agreement. The PeakWarrant #3 expires five years from its date of issuance. The Peak Warrant #3 is exercisable, at the option of the holder, at any time, for up to 375,000 of shares of common stock (18,750 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) of the Company at an exercise price equal to $0.53 (the “Exercise Price”) ($10.60 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), subject to adjustment for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as anti-dilution price protection provisions that are subject to a floor price as set forth in the Peak Warrant #3. The Peak Warrant #3 provides for cashless exercise under certain circumstances. The initial fair value of the Peak Warrant #3 amounted to $109,161 and was recorded, in combination with common stock issued above, as a debt discount of $251,361 at the time of issuance of the Debenture.

In connection with the Private Placement in May 2024, the Company issued common warrants (the “Common Warrants”) to purchase up to 2,758,620 shares of the Company’s common stock . The Common Warrants are exercisable immediately following the date of issuance, have a term of five years from the effective date of the corresponding registration statement registering the shares of Company common stock and the shares of Company common stock issuable upon exercise of the Common Warrants and have an exercise price of $2.65 per share. A holder may not exercise any Common Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 4.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock immediately after exercise. The Common Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Common Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Common Warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Common Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Common Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which holders of common stock are entitled.

Warrant activity for the six months ended June 30, 2024 are summarized as follows:

Warrants	Number of Warrants			Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding and exercisable - January 1, 2024	125,856		$	93.60	2.75		-
Granted	4,285,508			5.69			-
Expired	(8	)
Exercised	(387,945	)
Outstanding and exercisable - June 30, 2024	4,023,411		$	1.90	2.89	$	-

The fair value of warrants granted during the six months ended June 30, 2024 were valued using a Black-Scholes Value model, with the following assumptions

Risk-free interest rate	3.9	%
Contractual term	5 years
Dividend yield	0	%
Expected volatility	98	%

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Share-based Compensation

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Stock Options and Grants [Abstract]

Share-based Compensation

17. Share-based Compensation

On October 26, 2016, the Company’s Board of Directors approved the issuance of up to 25,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (1,250 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split), in the form of restricted stock or options (“2016 Stock Plan”). Effective January 30, 2017, the 2016 Stock Plan was amended and restated as the SG Blocks, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan, as further amended effective June 1, 2018 as further amended on July 30, 2020, as further amended on August 18, 2021 and as further amended effective October 5, 2023 (as amended, the “Incentive Plan”). The Incentive Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 8,625,000 shares of common stock (431,250 shares as adjusted for the May Stock Split). It authorizes the issuance of equity-based awards in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, other share-based awards and cash-based awards to non-employee directors and to officers, employees and consultants of the Company and its subsidiary, except that incentive stock options may only be granted to the Company’s employees and its subsidiary’s employees. The Incentive Plan expires on October 26, 2026, and is administered by the Company’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Each of the Company’s employees, directors, and consultants are eligible to participate in the Incentive Plan. As of June 30, 2024, there were — shares of common stock available for issuance under the Incentive Plan.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

Stock-based compensation expense is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as follows:

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Payroll and related expenses	$	527,336	$	3,210,631
Total	$	527,336	$	3,210,631

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Payroll and related expenses	$	348,308	$	2,554,362
Total	$	348,308	$	2,554,362

Stock-Based Option Awards 

The Company has issued no stock-based options during the six months ended June 30, 2024 or 2023.   

Because the Company does not have significant historical data on employee exercise behavior, the Company uses the “Simplified Method” to calculate the expected life of the stock-based option awards granted to employees. The simplified method is calculated by averaging the vesting period and contractual term of the options. 

The following table summarizes stock-based option activities and changes during the six months ended June 30, 2024 as described below:

	Shares	Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share	Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share	Weighted Average Remaining Terms (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding – December 31, 2023	1,822	496.00	1,574.20	—	—
Granted	—	—	—	—	—
Exercised	—	—	—	—	—
Cancelled	—	—	—	—	—
Outstanding – June 30, 2024	1,822	496.00	1,574.20	—	—
Exercisable – December 31, 2023	1,822	—	—	—	—
Exercisable – June 30, 2024	—	—	—	—	—

Restricted Stock Units 

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, a total of 316,834 of restricted stock units (15,842 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) were granted to Mr. Galvin and six employees of the Company under the Company's stock-based compensation plan, at the fair value of $0.85 to $1.01 per share ($17 to $20.20 as adjusted for the May Stock Split), which represents the closing price of the Company's common stock at the grant date. The restricted stock units granted vest in equal quarterly installments over a two-year period.

On April 4, 2023, a total of 268,166 of restricted stock units (13,408 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) were granted to five of the Company's non-employee directors, under the Company's stock-based compensation plan, at the fair value of $1.01 ($20.20 as adjusted for the May Stock Split) per share, which represents the closing price of the Company's common stock on April 4, 2023. The restricted stock units granted vest in equal quarterly installments over a two-year period

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, a total of 44,147, 15,000, and 10,000 of restricted stock units were granted to Mr. Galvin, Ms. Kaelin and an employee of the Company, respectively, under the Company’s stock-based compensation plan at a fair value of $2.27 per share, which represents the closing price of the Company’s common stock at the grant date. The restricted stock units granted vest immediately.

For the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $348,308 and $2,554,262 related to restricted stock units. For the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $527,336 and $3,210,631, respectively, related to restricted stock units. This expense is included in the payroll and related expenses, general and administrative expenses, and marketing and business development expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of operations. As of June 30, 2024, there was  131,599 unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested restricted stock units.

The following table summarized restricted stock unit activities during the six months ended June 30, 2024:

	Number of Shares
Non-vested balance at January 1, 2024		—
Granted		201,590
Vested		(186,703	)
Forfeited/Expired		—
Non-vested balance at June 30, 2024		14,887

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Commitments and Contingencies

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

18. Commitments and Contingencies  

Legal Proceedings

The Company is subject to certain claims and lawsuits arising in the normal course of business. The Company assesses liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings utilizing the latest information available. Where it is probable that the Company will incur a loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated, the Company records a liability in our consolidated financial statements. These legal accruals may be increased or decreased to reflect any relevant developments on a quarterly basis. Where a loss is not probable or the amount of the loss is not estimable, the Company does not record an accrual, consistent with applicable accounting guidance. Based on information currently available, advice of counsel, and available insurance coverage, the Company believes that the established accruals are adequate and the liabilities arising from the legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition. However, in light of the inherent uncertainty in legal proceedings, there can be no assurance that the ultimate resolution of a matter will not exceed established accruals. As a result, the outcome of a particular matter or a combination of matters may be material to the results of operations for a particular period, depending upon the size of the loss or the income for that particular period.

1.) Pizzarotti Litigation - On or about August 10, 2018, Pizzarotti, LLC (“Pizzarotti”) filed a complaint against the Company and Mahesh Shetty, the Company’s former President and CFO, and others, seeking unspecified damages for an alleged breach of contract by the Company and another entity named Phipps & Co. (“Phipps”). The lawsuit was filed as Pizzarotti, LLC. v. Phipps & Co., et al., Index No. 653996/2018 and commenced in the Supreme Court of the State of New York for the County of New York. On or about April 1, 2019, Phipps filed cross-claims against the Company and Mr. Shetty asserting claims for indemnification, contribution, fraud, negligence, negligent misrepresentation, and breach of contract. The Company has likewise cross claimed against Phipps for indemnification and contribution, claiming that any damages to the Plaintiff were the result of the acts or omissions of Phipps and its principals.

Pizzarotti’s suit arose from a contract dated April 3, 2018 that it executed with Phipps whereby Pizzarotti, a construction manager, engaged Phipps to perform stone procuring and tile work at a construction project located at 161 Maiden Lane, New York 10038. Pizzarotti’s claims against the Company arise from a purported assignment agreement dated August 10, 2018, whereby Pizzarotti claims that the Company agreed to assume certain obligations of Phipps under a certain trade contract between Pizzarotti and Phipps. Phipps’ claims against the Company arise from a purported assignment agreement, dated as of May 30, 2018, among Pizzarotti, Phipps and the Company (the “Assignment Agreement”), pursuant to which, it is alleged, that the Company agreed to provide a letter of credit in connection with the sub-contracted work to be provided by Phipps to Pizzarotti.

The Company believes that the Assignment Agreement was void for lack of consideration and moved to dismiss the case on those and other grounds. On June 17, 2020, the New York Supreme Court entered an order dismissing certain claims against the Company brought by cross claimant Phipps. Specifically, the court dismissed Phipps’ claims for indemnification, contribution, fraud, negligence and negligent misrepresentation. The court did not dismiss Phipps’ claim for breach of the Assignment Agreement. The issue of the validity of the Assignment Agreement, and the Company’s defenses to the claims brought by the plaintiff Pizzarotti and cross claimant Phipps, are being litigated. The Company maintains that the Assignment Agreement, to the extent valid and enforceable, was properly terminated and/or there are no damages, and, consequently, that the claims brought against the Company are without merit. The Company intends to continue to vigorously defend the litigation. The parties have engaged in written discovery but no depositions have been conducted as of yet. By motion dated February 24, 2021, Pizzarotti moved to stay the entire action pending the outcome of a separate litigation captioned Pizzarotti, LLC v. FPG Maiden Lane, LLC et. al., Index No. 651697/2019, involving some of the same parties (but excluding the Company). Phipps cross moved to consolidate the two actions. The Company opposed both motions. On April 26, 2021, the court denied both motions and directed the parties to meet and confer concerning the scheduling of depositions. On May 10, 2021, the parties jointly filed with the court a proposed order providing the completion of depositions of all parties and nonparties by September 30, 2021. On April 4, 2024, the court entered an order setting forth the following dates for the completion of the parties depositions: (1) deposition of plaintiff shall occur by May 31, 2024, (2) deposition of Phipps shall occur by June 30, 2024, (3) deposition of the Company shall occur by July 20, 2024, (4) deposition of Mr. Shetty shall occur by August 9, 2024, (5) deposition of FPG Maiden Lane, & J. Landau shall occur by August 30, 2024, and (6) depositions of non-parties shall occur by September 30, 2024. As of June 30,2024, the Company cannot estimate any potential loss.

2.) CPF GP 2019-1, LLC (“CPF GP”) Litigation – In September 2023, a suit was filed in the form of a declaratory judgment to say CPF GP did not owe certain monies to the Company. The Company filed counterclaims for the amounts owed. The case settled in February 2024 in exchange for mutual dismissals and monthly payments of the balance due, which is $745,000 in total to the Company from CPF GP.

3.) Farnam Litigation – In October 2023, Farnam Street Financial, Inc. (“Farnam”) filed suit against the Company in the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota (Case No. 23-CV-3212) alleging breaches by the Company under a certain lease agreement between Farnam and the Company dated as of October 13, 221. Farnam sought monies owed under such lease agreement. On August 1, 2024, the Company, SG Echo and SG Environmental Solutions Corp. (“SG Environmental”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, entered into a settlement agreement (the “Settlement”) with Farnam to resolve the pending litigation. Simultaneously with the execution of the Settlement, (i) the Company, SG Environmental and Farnam entered into an assignment and assumption agreement, pursuant to which SG Environmental was substituted for the Company as the lessee under the lease agreement, and (ii) SG Environmental and Farnam executed a new Lease Schedule No. 001R (“Schedule 1R”), which replaced the prior schedule in its entirety. The terms of the Settlement included the following: (i) SG Environmental will be the signatory under the “Lessee” under the lease; (ii) the initial term (the “Initial Term”) of Schedule 1R is 18 months; (iii) the “Commencement Date” of Schedule 1R is August 1, 2024; (iv) the original cost of the equipment subject to Schedule 1R is $1,556,163.00; (v) so long as there has been no default under the lease and Schedule 1R, SG Environmental shall have the option to purchase the equipment at the end of the Initial Term for thirty-five percent (35%) of the original cost of the equipment, or $544,657.05, plus applicable taxes; (vi) the “Monthly Lease Charge” under Schedule 1R is $65,880.95, plus applicable taxes; and (vii) SG Environmental shall provide a new security deposit under Schedule 1R in the amount of $167,056.00, which shall be paid on or before August 1, 2024. Simultaneously with the execution of the Settlement, the Company and SG Echo executed a guaranty, whereby each of the Company and SG Echo jointly and severally guarantee SG Environmental’s full and prompt payment and performance under the lease and Schedule 1R. Per the Settlement, Farnam shall retain as income all prior payments from the Company (or any Company affiliate) under the lease, the prior schedule, or any other agreement with the Company or its affiliates, including all monthly lease charges, interim rent, taxes, interest, fees, late charges, and any security deposits, including the deposit under the prior schedule. Under the terms of the Settlement, Farnam and the Company each agree to waive and release any and all claims against the other, except with respect to each party’s performance under the Settlement and each party’s future obligations under the lease, Schedule 1R and guaranty agreements.

Vendor Litigation

1.) SG Blocks, Inc. v HOLA Community Partners, et. al. 

On April 13, 2020, Plaintiff SG Blocks, Inc. (the “Company”) filed a Complaint against HOLA Community Partners (“HCP”), Heart of Los Angeles Youth, Inc. (“HOLA” and together with HCP,  the “HOLA Defendants”), and the City of Los Angeles (“City”) in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Case No. 2:20-cv-03432-ODW (“HOLA Action”). The Company asserted seven claims against HOLA Defendants arising out of and related to the Heart of Los Angeles construction project in Los Angeles (the “HOLA Project”), to wit, for: (1) breach of contract; (2) conversion; (3) default and judicial foreclosure under the original agreement between the Company and HOLA (“Agreement”) as a security agreement; (4) misappropriation of trade secrets under California Civil Code section 3426; (5) misappropriation of trade secrets under 18 U.S.C. § 1836; and (6) intentional interference with contractual relations. On April 20, 2020, HOLA filed a separate action against the Company in the Los Angeles Superior Court arising out of the HOLA Project, asserting claims of (1) negligence; (2) strict products liability; (3) strict products liability, (4) breach of contract; (5) breach of express warranty; (6) violation of Business and Professions Code § 7031(b); and (7) violation of California’s unfair competition law, Business and Professions Code section 17200 (“UCL”) (“HOLA State Court Action”). The HOLA State Court Action was removed to the Central District of California and consolidated with the HOLA Action.

On January 22, 2021, the Company filed a Third-Party Complaint in the HOLA Action against Third-Party Defendants Teton Buildings, LLC, Avesi Construction, LLC, and American Home Building and Masonry Corp (“AHB”) for indemnity and contribution with respect to HOLA’s claims. The Company has also notified its general liability carrier Sompo International regarding coverage concerning HOLA’s claims On February 25, 2021, the Court entered an order dismissing the Company’s claims for (1) breach of contract; (2) conversion; (3) default and judicial foreclosure under the Agreement as a security agreement; (4) misappropriation of trade secrets under California Civil Code section 3426; (5) misappropriation of trade secrets under 18 U.S.C. § 1836; but denied dismissal of the Company’s claims for intentional interference with contractual relations. The Court also denied the Company’s motion to dismiss HOLA’s claims.

On March 12, 2021, the HOLA Defendants filed an answer to the Company’s complaint against it denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. On March 12, 2021, the Company filed an answer to the HOLA Defendants’ First Amended Consolidated Complaint against it, denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. 

On April 26, 2021, the Company and the HOLA Defendants filed a Joint Stipulation to Dismiss HOLA Community Partners’ Sixth Claim for Relief (violation of California Business and Professions Code §7031(b)), with prejudice, pursuant to Fed. R. Civ. P. 41(a)(1)(A)(ii).

On July 23, 2021, the Company filed a First Amended Third-Party Complaint adding the following additional third party defendants seeking, inter alia, contractual indemnity, equitable indemnity; and contribution: American Home Building and Masonry Corp. (“American Home”), Anderson Air Conditioning, L.P. (“Anderson”). Broadway Glass and Mirror, Inc. (“Broadway”), Marne Construction, Inc. (“Marne”), The McIntyre Company (“McIntyre”), Dowell & Bradley Construction, Inc. dba J R Construction (“JR Construction”) Junior Steel Co. (“Junior Steel”) Saddleback Roofing, Inc. (“Saddleback”) Schindler Elevator Corporation (“Schindler”) U.S. Smoke & Fire Corp. (“U.S. Smoke”) and FirstForm, Inc. (“FirstForm”) (collectively the “Additional Third Party Defendants”). 

On September 2, 2021, Schindler Elevator Corp. filed its answer to the First Amended Third-Party Complaint. On September 3, 2021, Junior Steel Co. filed its answer to the First Amended Third-Party Complaint. On September 7, 2021, Anderson Air Conditioning, L.P. filed its answer to the First Amended Third-Party Complaint. On October 6, 2021, the McIntyre Group filed its answer to the First Amended Third-Party Complaint.

On February 7, 2022, the Company filed a request for entry of a Clerk’s default against the following defendants: American Home Building and Masonry Corp., Avesi Construction, Marne Construction, Inc., FirstForm, Inc., Dowell & Bradley Construction, Inc, Saddleback Roofing, Inc., and US Smoke and Fire Corp. On February 9, 2022, the court entered a clerk’s default pursuant to Federal Rule 55 against the following defendants: American Home Building and Masonry Corp. Avesi Construction, Dowel & Bradley Construction, Inc., Saddleback Roofing Inc. and US smoke and Fire Corp. The parties that have answered and appeared in the case are currently engaged in discovery. 

The dispute between SG Blocks, Inc., HOLA Community Partners, and others in the above-described lawsuit settled, and a formal settlement agreement was executed in December 2022. In accordance with the settlement agreement, all funds to be paid were, in fact, paid. On February 27, 2023, the settling parties filed a Joint Stipulation to Dismiss All Causes of Action Against All Parties Except Avesi Construction, LLC (“Aveshi”), and Saddleback Roofing, Inc. (“Saddleback”). The claims against the settling parties, pursuant to the settlement, were to be dismissed and have since been dismissed. SG Blocks, Inc. had taken defaults against Aveshi and Saddleback, and is continuing to pursue default judgments against same.

2.) SG Blocks, Inc. v. EDI International, PC 

On June 21, 2019, SG Blocks, Inc. filed a lawsuit against EDI International, PC, a New Jersey corporation, in connection with the parties’ consulting agreement, dated June 29, 2016, pursuant to which EDI International, PC, was to provide, for a fee, certain architectural and design services for the original project between the Company and HOLA (“Project”). The lawsuit is styled SG Blocks, Inc. v. EDI International, PC et al., and was filed in California Superior Court, for the County of Los Angeles, case no. 19STCV21725. SG Blocks, Inc. claims that EDI International, PC, tortiously interfered with SG Blocks, Inc’s economic relationship with HCP and HOLA. The complaint seeks in excess of $1,275,754 in damages. EDI International, PC, filed a cross-complaint for alleged unpaid fees and tortious interference with EDI International, PC’s contractual relationship with HCP and HOLA. EDI International, PC’s cross-complaint seeks in excess of $30,428.71 in damages. On July 8, 2020, SG Blocks, Inc. added PVE LLC as a defendant in the lawsuit, claiming PVE LLC is liable to the same extent as EDI International, PC. In May 2021, the parties settled EDI International, PC’s affirmative claims, and its cross-complaint was dismissed with prejudice on August 23, 2021. On SG Blocks, Inc.’s remaining claims, trial is set for October 2024. The likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is neither probable nor remote and we cannot, consistent with the Statement, estimate the amount or range of recovery in the event of an unfavorable outcome.

3.) Teton Buildings, LLC

(i) On January 1, 2019, the Company commenced an action against Teton Buildings, LLC (“Teton”) in Harris County, Texas (“Teton Texas Action”) to recover approximately $2,100,000 arising from defendant’s breach of the operative contract related to the HOLA Project  entered into on or about June 2, 2017. The Petition brought claims of breach of contract, negligence, and breach of express warranty. In or about February 2022, the Company dismissed without prejudice the Teton Texas Action.

(ii) On or about September 12, 2018, the Company entered into a Firm Price Quote and Purchase (the “GVL Contract”) with Teton to govern the manufacture and provision of 23 shipping containers and modular units (the “Teton GVL Modules”) for the Four Oaks Gather GVL project in South Carolina (the “GVL Project”). The Company maintains that Teton breached the GVL Contract by (i) failing to timely deliver the Teton GVL Modules, (ii) delivering Teton GVL Modules that were defective in their design and manufacture, (iii) otherwise failed to meet South Carolina Building Code regulations and (iv) breached applicable warranties. As a result of the breach and defects in performance, design and manufacture by Teton, Company asserts that it has sustained $761,401.66 in actual and consequential damages, excluding attorney’s fees. On October 16, 2019, Teton filed for Chapter 11 in the United States Bankruptcy Court for Southern District of Texas, Houston Division styled In re: Teton Buildings, LLC and bearing the case number 19-35811. On February 11, 2020, the Company filed a proof of claim again Teton in the amount of $2,861,401.66 arising from the HOLA Project and the GVL Contract.

On or about March 16, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court converted Teton’s Chapter 11 reorganization case to a Chapter 7 liquidation case. On July 18, 2019, Ronald Sommers, the Chapter 7 Trustee, filed a Report of No Distribution stating that there is no property available for distribution to creditors. On August 20, 2019, the Bankruptcy Court closed the Teton bankruptcy case. As such, there is no prospect of any recovery against Teton.

On January 22, 2021, the Company filed a third-party complaint against Teton in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, Case No. 2:20−cv−03432 in the HOLA Action (described above), seeking to determine Teton’s liability in its capacity as a bankruptcy debtor in order to collect any damages payable from Teton’s liability insurance carrier or carriers. On July 23, 2021, the Company filed a First Amended Third-Party Complaint against Teton and other named third party defendants (see #2 below). Teton has been served with the First Amended Third-Party Complaint and on or about February 11, 2022, Teton filed an answer and affirmative defenses.

On or about December 31, 2022, the parties who appeared in the HOLA Action, including Teton by and through its insurance carrier, executed a Settlement Agreement and Release. On February 28, 2023 the court “so ordered” the parties’ stipulation dismissing all causes of action against the parties to the Settlement Agreement and Release.

 Other Litigation

1.) SG Blocks, Inc. v . Osang Healthcare Company, Ltd.,

On April 14, 2021, the Company commenced an action against Osang Healthcare Company, Ltd. (“Osang”) in the United States District Court, Eastern District of New York, Case No. 21-01990 (“Osang Action”). The Company has asserted that Osang materially breached a certain Managed Supply Agreement (“MSA”) entered into between the parties on October 12, 2020, pursuant to which the Company received on consignment two million (2,000,000) units of Osang’s “Genefinder Plus RealAmp Covid-19 PCR Test” (the “Covid-19 Test”) for domestic and international distribution. The Company has also asserted that Osang breached the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, fraudulently induced it to enter into the MSA, and violated §349 of the New York General Business Law’s prohibition of deceptive business practices.

On June 18, 2021, Osang served a motion to dismiss the Osang Action pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. On July 30, 2021, the Company served its opposition to the motion to dismiss. On September 22, 2022, the court entered an order granting in part and denying in part Osang’s motion to dismiss. The court denied that part of Osang’s motion that sought dismissal of the Company’s causes of action for breach of contract (but denied recovery of lost profits) and fraud, but dismissed the Company’s causes of action for breach of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, indemnification, accounting, and violation of the New York Unlawful and Deceptive Trade Practices Act (GBL §349).

A status conference was held on November 16, 2022 at which time the Court entered a scheduling order for the conducting of discovery. Discovery is ongoing. A settlement conference was held by the Court on March 14, 2023, of which the Company was granted $450,000.

2.) John Williams Shaw and Leo Patrick Shaw

On March 15, 2023, a complaint was filed against John Williams Shaw and Leo Patrick Shaw (the “Defendants”) in the United States District Court of the Southern District of New York seeking damaged to recover short swing profits from the Defendants pursuant to Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act. On September 26, 2023, the matter was settled and on, October 3, 2023, a Stipulation and Order of Dismissal with Prejudice was filed and so-ordered by the assigned judge.The Company is currently unable to predict the outcome or possible recovery, if any, associated with the resolution of this litigation, and, accordingly, the Company has made no provision related to this matter in the consolidated financial statements.

Commitments

In April 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to its employment agreement, dated January 1, 2017, with Paul Gavin (the "Amendment"), to extend the term of employment to December 31, 2021, provide for an annual base salary of $400,000 provide for a performance bonus structure for a bonus of up to 50% of base salary upon the Company’s achievement of $2,000,000 EBITDA and additional performance bonus payments for the achievement of EBITDA in excess of $2,000,000 based on a percentage of the incremental increase in EBITDA (ranging from 10% of the incremental increase in EBITDA if the Company achieves over $2,000,000 and up to $7,000,000 in EBITDA, 8% of the incremental increase in EBITDA if the Company achieves over $7,000,000 and up to $12,000,000 in EBITDA and 3% of the incremental increase in EBITDA over $12,000,000), provide for a profits-based additional bonus of up to $250,000 in certain limited circumstances, and provide for one (1) year severance, plus a pro-rated amount of any unpaid bonus earned by him during the year as verified by the Company’s principal financial officer, if Mr. Galvin is terminated without cause. At the Company’s option, up to fifty (50%) percent of the EBITDA performance bonuses may be paid in restricted stock units if then available for grant under the Company’s Incentive Plan.

On July 5, 2022, the Company entered into an amendment to its employment agreement, dated January 1, 2017, as amended, with Paul Galvin, to provide for the payment of an annual base salary of $500,000 and on September 19, 2023 the agreement was amended to increase the annual base salary to $750,000. All other terms of the employment agreement remain in full force and effect.

On May 1, 2023, the Company appointed Patricia Kaelin as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer and entered into an employment agreement with Patricia Kaelin (the “Kaelin Employment Agreement”) to employ Ms. Kaelin in such capacity for an initial term of two (2) years, which provides for an annual base salary of $250,000, a discretionary bonus of up to 20% of her base salary upon achievement of objectives as may be determined by the Company’s board of directors and severance in the event of a termination without cause on or after September 30, 2023 in amount equal to equal to one year’s annual base salary and benefits. The Kaelin Employment Agreement also provides for the grant to Ms. Kaelin of a restricted stock grant under the Company’s Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and as available for grant, of 60,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, vesting quarterly on a pro-rata basis over the next eighteen (18) months of continuous service. Ms. Kaelin is subject to a one-year post-termination non-compete and non-solicit of employees and clients. She is also bound by confidentiality provisions. During July 2023, Ms. Kaelin’s annual base salary was adjusted to $300,000, retroactive to May 1, 2023.

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Related Party Transactions

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Related Party Transactions

Related Party Transactions

19. Related Party Transactions

On December 14, 2023, the Company and Mr. Galvin entered into the Galvin Note Payable and an additional note payable during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.  See Note 9 – Notes Payable.

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Subsequent Events

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

Subsequent Events

20. Subsequent Events

On July 31, 2024, SG Building entered into a Cash Advance Agreement (the “Fifth Cedar Cash Advance Agreement”) with Cedar, pursuant to which SG Building sold to Cedar $1,957,150 of its future receivables for a purchase price of $1,350,000, less underwriting fees and expenses paid and the repayment of prior amounts due to Cedar, for net proceeds to SG Building of $285,180. Cedar is expected to withdraw $49,150 a week directly from SG Building until the $1,957,150 due to Cedar is paid in full. In the event of a default (as defined in the Fifth Cedar Cash Advance Agreement), Cedar, among other remedies, can demand payment in full of all amounts remaining due under the Fifth Cash Advance Agreement. SG Building’s obligations under the Fifth Cash Advance Agreement have been guaranteed by SG Echo.

Subsequent to June 30, 2024, the Company issued 82,645 shares of common stock from the settlement of accounts payable and 197,125 shares of common stock from the issuance of vested restricted stock units. 

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Insider Trading Arrangements	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual [Table]
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]	false

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of presentation and principals of consolidation

Basis of presentation and principals of consolidation – The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 8 Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. The condensed financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 7, 2024. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial statements have been included. Results for the six months ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements - New accounting pronouncements implemented by the Company are discussed below or in the related notes, where appropriate.

Accounting estimates

Accounting estimates – The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, judgements and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period, together with amounts disclosed in the related notes to the financial statements. The Company's estimates used in these financial statements include, but are not limited to, revenue recognition, stock-based compensation, accounts receivable reserves, inventory valuations, goodwill, the valuation allowance related to the Company’s deferred tax assets, the carrying amount of intangible assets, right of use assets and the recoverability and useful lives of long-lived assets. Certain of the Company’s estimates could be affected by external conditions, including those unique to the Company and general economic conditions. It is reasonably possible that these external factors could have an effect on the Company’s estimates and could cause actual results to differ from those estimates.

Operating cycle

Operating cycle – The length of the Company’s contracts varies, but is typically between six to twelve months. In some instances, the length of the contract may exceed twelve months. Assets and liabilities relating to contracts are included in current assets and current liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying balance sheets as they will be liquidated in the normal course of contract completion, which at times could exceed one year.

Revenue recognition

Revenue recognition – The Company determines, at contract inception, whether it will transfer control of a promised good or service over time or at a point in time, regardless of the length of contract or other factors. The recognition of revenue aligns with the timing of when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps in accordance with its revenue policy: 

                (1)  Identify the contract with a customer

                (2)  Identify the performance obligations in the contract

                (3)  Determine the transaction price

                (4)  Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract

                (5)  Recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied

On certain contracts, the Company applies recognition of revenue over time, which is similar to the method the Company applied under previous guidance (i.e., percentage of completion). Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is possible that estimates of costs to complete a performance obligation will be revised in the near-term. For those performance obligations for which revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method, changes in total estimated costs, and related progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions to the estimates are made. When the current estimate of total costs for a performance obligation indicates a loss, a provision for the entire estimated loss on the unsatisfied performance obligation is made in the period in which the loss becomes evident.

For product or equipment sales, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such goods, which is at a point in time. Additionally, SG DevCorp has begun to generate revenue resulting from commissions on residential real estate purchases and sales transactions. For this revenue, the Company applies recognition of revenue when the customer obtains control over such service, which his at a point in time.

Disaggregation of Revenues

The Company’s revenues are primarily derived from construction related to Modules projects. The Company's contracts are with customers in various industries. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $91,978 and $2,179,369, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2024. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $0 and $10,600,990, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $42,162 and $1,211,254, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2024. Revenue recognized at a point in time and recognized over time were $0 and $5,097,055, respectively, for the three months ended June 30, 2023.

The following tables provide further disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by categories: 

	Three Months Ended June 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2024				2023
Construction and Engineering Services:
Hotel/Hospitality	$	149,961	12	%	$	10,525	—	%
Office		1,061,293	85	%		5,086,530	100	%
Subtotal		1,211,254	97	%		5,097,055	100	%
SG DevCorp sales:
Real estate commissions		42,162	3	%		—	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	1,253,416	100	%	$	5,097,055	100	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2024				2023
Construction and Engineering Services:
Hotel/Hospitality	$	181,719	8	%	$	44,201	—	%
Office		1,997,650	88	%		10,556,789	100	%
Subtotal		2,179,369	96	%		10,600,990	100	%
SG DevCorp sales:
Real estate commissions		91,978	4	%		—	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	2,271,347	100	%	$	10,600,990	100	%

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities 

Accounts receivable are recognized in the period when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. Accounts receivable are recognized net of an allowance for credit losses. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the likelihood of realization of receivables.

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. 

Contract assets include unbilled amounts from long-term construction services when revenue recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress exceeds the amounts invoiced to customers, as the amounts cannot be billed under the terms of the Company’s contracts. Such amounts are recoverable from customers based upon various measures of performance, including achievement of certain milestones, completion of specified units or completion of a contract. Contract assets are generally classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Contract liabilities from construction and engineering contracts occur when amounts invoiced to customers exceed revenues recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress. Contract liabilities additionally include advanced payments from customers on certain contracts. Contract liabilities decrease as the Company recognizes revenue from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation. Contract liabilities are generally classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Although the Company believes it has established adequate procedures for estimating costs to complete on open contracts, it is at least reasonably possible that additional significant costs could occur on contracts prior to completion. The Company periodically evaluates and revises its estimates and makes adjustments when they are considered necessary.

Business Combinations

Business Combinations - The Company accounts for business acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805 “Business Combinations”, which requires recognition and measurement of all identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair value as of the date control is obtained. The Company determines the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon its best estimates of the acquisition-date fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the acquisition. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired. Subsequent adjustments to fair value of any contingent consideration are recorded to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Costs that the Company incurs to complete the business combination are charged to general and administrative expenses as they are incurred.

For acquisitions of assets that do not constitute a business, any assets and liabilities acquired are recognized at their cost based upon their relative fair value of all asset and liabilities acquired. 

Variable Interest Entities

Variable Interest Entities – The Company accounts for certain legal entities as variable interest entities (“VIE”). When evaluating a VIE for consolidation, the Company must determine whether or not there is a variable interest in the entity. Variable interests are investments or other interests that absorb portions of an entity’s expected losses or receive portions of the entity’s expected returns. If it is determined that the Company does not have a variable interest in the VIE, no further analysis is required and the VIE is not consolidated. If the Company holds a variable interest in a VIE, the Company consolidates the VIE when there is a controlling financial interest in the VIE and therefore are deemed to be the primary beneficiary. The Company is determined to have a controlling financial interest in a VIE when it has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to that VIE. This determination is evaluated periodically as facts and circumstances change.

On August 27, 2020, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Clarity Lab Solutions, LLC (“Clarity Labs”) (the “JV”).  In consideration and subject to Clarity Lab’s services and commitments and provided the agreement remains valid and in force, and is not terminated, the Company agreed to issue 200,000 restricted shares of the Company’s common stock over a defined vesting period starting in December 1, 2020. The restricted shares of the Company's common stock were not issued to Clarity Labs as certain capital commitments were not met. Clarity Labs is a licensed clinical laboratory that uses specialized molecular testing equipment and that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of critical diseases, including COVID-19. Clarity Labs was also engaged in the business of manufacturing, importing and distributing various medical tests. Under the JV, the Company and Clarity Labs were to jointly market, sell, and distribute certain products and services (“Clarity Mobile Venture”). The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of Clarity Mobile Venture and has thus consolidated the activities in its consolidated financial statements. Due to the ongoing lower affects of COVID-19 restrictions, the JV was wound down during the fourth quarter of 2022.

On January 18, 2021, the Company entered into an operating agreement to form CAT. The purpose of CAT is to market, sell, distribute, lease and otherwise commercially exploit certain products and services in the COVID-19 testing industry.  The Company has determined it is the primary beneficiary of CAT and has thus consolidated the activities in its consolidated financial statements. 

Investment Entities

Investment Entities – On May 31, 2021, the Company's subsidiary SG DevCorp agreed to contribute $600,000 to acquire a 50% membership interest in Norman Berry II Owner LLC (“Norman Berry”).  The Company contributed $350,329 and $114,433 of the initial $600,000 in the second quarter and third quarter of 2021, respectively, with the remaining $135,238 funded in the fourth quarter of 2021. The purpose of Norman Berry II Owner LLC is to develop and provide affordable housing in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area.  The Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary of "Norman Berry" and thus will not consolidate the activities in its consolidated financial statements. The Company will use the equity method to report the activities as an investment in its consolidated financial statements. 

On June 24, 2021, the Company's subsidiary, SG DevCorp, entered into an operating agreement with Jacoby Development for a 10% non-dilutable equity interest for JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC (“Cumberland”). The Company contributed $3,000,000 for its 10% equity interest. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company contributed an additional $25,000. The purpose of JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC is to develop a waterfront parcel in a mixed-use destination community.  The Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary of JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC and thus will not consolidate the activities in its consolidated financial statements. The Company will use the equity method to report the activities as an investment in its consolidated financial statements.

During the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, Norman Berry and Cumberland did not have any material earnings or losses as the investments are in development. In addition, management believes there was no impairment as of June 30, 2024.

The approximate combined financial position of the Company’s equity affiliates is summarized below as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

Condensed balance sheet information:	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Total assets	$	39,975,000	$	39,800,000
Total liabilities	$	9,800,000	$	9,700,000
Members’ equity	$	30,175,000	$	30,100,000

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents – The Company considers cash and cash equivalents to include all short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and have original maturities of three months or less upon acquisition. Cash and cash equivalents totaled $1,016,784 and $17,448 as of June 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Short-term investment

Short-term investment – The Company classifies investments consisting of a certificate of deposit with a maturity greater than three months but less than one year as short-term investment.  The Company had no short-term investment as of June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023, respectively. 

Accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses

Accounts receivable and allowance for credit losses – Accounts receivable are receivables generated from sales to customers and progress billings on performance type contracts. Amounts included in accounts receivable are deemed to be collectible within the Company’s operating cycle. The Company recognizes accounts receivable at invoiced amounts. 

The Company adopted ASC 326, Current Expected Credit Losses, on January 1, 2023, which requires the measurement and recognition of expected credit losses using a current expected credit loss model. The allowance for credit losses on expected future uncollectible accounts receivable is estimated considering forecasts of future economic conditions in addition to information about past events and current conditions.

The allowance for credit losses reflects the Company’s best estimate of expected losses inherent in the accounts receivable balances. Management provides an allowance for credit losses based on the Company’s historical losses, specific customer circumstances, and general economic conditions. Periodically, management reviews accounts receivable and adjusts the allowance based on current circumstances and charges off uncollectible receivables when all attempts to collect have been exhausted and the prospects for recovery are remote. Recoveries are recognized when they are received. Actual collection losses may differ from the Company’s estimates and could be material to its consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

The Company accounts for the transfer of accounts receivable to a third party under a factoring type arrangement in accordance with ASC 860, “Transfers and Servicing”. ASC 860 requires that several conditions be met in order to present the transfer of accounts receivable as a sale. In the case of factoring type arrangements, the Company has isolated the transferred (sold) assets and has the legal right to transfer its assets (accounts receivable).

Inventory

Inventory – Raw construction materials (primarily shipping containers and fabrication materials) are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Finished goods and work-in-process inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the specific identification method. Medical equipment and COVID-19 test and testing supplies are valued at the lower of cost, (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was inventory of $223,402 and $156,512, respectively, for construction materials. 

Goodwill

Goodwill – The Company performs its impairment test of goodwill at the reporting unit level each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its reporting unit below its carrying values. The Company performs a goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value and recognizes an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill. The amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, if any, is recognized as an impairment loss. There were no impairments during the six months ended June 30, 2024 or 2023.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets – Intangible assets consist of $68,344 of trademarks, and $27,510 of website costs that are being amortized over 5 years. The Company evaluated intangible assets for impairment during the year ended December 31, 2023 and determined that there was an $1,880,547 impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 relating to intangible assets of proprietary knowledge and technology. The amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023 was $6,834 and $47,291, respectively. The accumulated amortization as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 was $56,558 and $2,852,929, respectively. The remaining balance of the Company’ intangible assets is comprised of software development costs which are not yet placed in service.

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment – Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of each asset. Estimated useful lives for significant classes of assets are as follows: computer and software 3 to 5 years, furniture and other equipment 5 to 7 years, automobiles 2 to 5 years, buildings held for lease 5 to 7 years, and equipment 5 to 29 years. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. 

Held For Sale Assets

Held For Sale Assets – On May 10, 2021, the Company's subsidiary, SG DevCorp, acquired the Lago Vista, Texas property for $3,576,130. Management has implemented a plan to sell this property during 2022, which meets all of the criteria required to classify it as Held for Sale. Including the project development costs associated with Lago Vista of $824,231, the book value is now $4,400,361. 

On April 25, 2024, SG DevCorp entered into a Commercial Contract (the “Contract of Sale”) with Lithe Development Inc., a Texas corporation (“Lithe”), to sell the Lago Vista Property for $5.825 million. The Contract of Sale provides that the closing of the sale to Lithe of the Lago Vista Property is expected to occur after a 70-day due diligence period and a subsequent 30-day closing period.

Convertible instruments

Convertible instruments – The Company bifurcates conversion options from their host instruments and accounts for them as free standing derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument.

Common stock purchase warrants and other derivative financial instruments

Common stock purchase warrants and other derivative financial instruments – The Company classifies as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or (ii) provides a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in the Company’s own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) providing that such contracts are indexed to the Company’s own stock. The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if any event occurs and if that event is outside the Company’s control) or (ii) gives the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement shares (physical settlement or net-cash settlement). The Company assesses classification of common stock purchase warrants and other free standing derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities or equity is required.

Fair value measurements

Fair value measurements – Financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are carried at cost, which the Company believes approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The Company uses three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1	Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2	Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable.
Level 3	Inputs that are unobservable (for example, cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions).

Transfer into and transfers out of the hierarchy levels are recognized as if they had taken place at the end of the reporting period. 

Share-based payments

Share-based payments – The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For employees and directors, including non-employee directors, the fair value of a stock option award is measured on the grant date. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense on a graded-vesting basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of each award. Stock-based compensation expense to employees and all directors are reported within payroll and related expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Stock-based compensation expense to non-employees is reported within marketing and business development expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Income taxes

Income taxes – The Company accounts for income taxes utilizing the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes generally represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from the differences between the financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted.

The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on the Company’s estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when the liabilities are no longer determined to be necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, a further charge to expense would result. 

Concentrations of credit risk

Concentrations of credit risk – Financial instruments, that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash with high credit quality institutions. At times, such amounts may be in excess of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such account and believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on the account. 
 

With respect to receivables, concentrations of credit risk are limited to a few customers in the construction industry. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and, generally, requires no collateral from its customers other than normal lien rights. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, 100% of the Company’s gross accounts receivable were due from four and three customers, respectively.

Revenue relating to three and two customers represented approximately 73% and 96%, respectively, of the Company's total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Revenue relating to four and one customers represented approximately 88% and 96% of the Company's total revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

There were no vendors representing 10% or more of the Company’s total cost of revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023. The Company believes it has access to alternative suppliers, with limited disruption to the business, should circumstances change with its existing suppliers. 

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Liquidity (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Liquidity [Member]

Liquidity [Line Items]

Summary of company's anticipation to convert the backlog to revenue over the period

	2024
Within 1 year	$	4,079,790
Total Backlog	$	4,079,790

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of disaggregation of revenues by categories

	Three Months Ended June 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2024				2023
Construction and Engineering Services:
Hotel/Hospitality	$	149,961	12	%	$	10,525	—	%
Office		1,061,293	85	%		5,086,530	100	%
Subtotal		1,211,254	97	%		5,097,055	100	%
SG DevCorp sales:
Real estate commissions		42,162	3	%		—	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	1,253,416	100	%	$	5,097,055	100	%

	Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2024				2023
Construction and Engineering Services:
Hotel/Hospitality	$	181,719	8	%	$	44,201	—	%
Office		1,997,650	88	%		10,556,789	100	%
Subtotal		2,179,369	96	%		10,600,990	100	%
SG DevCorp sales:
Real estate commissions		91,978	4	%		—	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	2,271,347	100	%	$	10,600,990	100	%

Summary of combined financial position of equity affiliates

Condensed balance sheet information:	June 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
		(Unaudited)		(Unaudited)
Total assets	$	39,975,000	$	39,800,000
Total liabilities	$	9,800,000	$	9,700,000
Members’ equity	$	30,175,000	$	30,100,000

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Accounts Receivable (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Accounts Receivable [Abstract]

Summary of accounts receivable

	2024			2023
Billed:
Construction services	$	495,743		$	819,887
Total gross receivables		495,743			819,887
Less: allowance for credit losses		(131,388	)		(637,134	)
Total net receivables	$	364,355		$	182,753

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Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities [Abstract]

Summary of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts

	2024			2023
Costs incurred on uncompleted contracts	$	1,300,383		$	20,213,733
Provision for loss on uncompleted contracts		—			—
Estimated earnings to date on uncompleted contracts		(376,181	)		(968,040	)
Gross contract assets		924,202			19,245,693
Less: billings to date		(2,548,595	)		(20,601,946	)
Net contract assets/(liabilities) on uncompleted contracts	$	(1,624,393	)	$	(1,356,253	)

Summary of costs included in condensed consolidated balance sheets

	2024			2023
Contract assets	$	113,001		$	10,745
Contract liabilities		(1,737,394	)		(1,366,998	)
Net contract liabilities	$	(1,624,393	)	$	(1,356,253	)

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Property, plant and equipment (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Property, plant and equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of company's equipment

	2024			2023
Computer equipment and software	$	103,327		$	102,325
Furniture and other equipment		271,798			271,798
Leasehold improvements		15,400			17,280
Equipment and machinery		952,571			943,464
Automobiles		4,638			4,638
Building held for leases		196,416			196,416
Land		1,190,655			1,190,655
Building		969,188			969,188
Construction in progress		2,397,659			2,397,659
Property, plant and equipment		6,101,652			6,093,423
Less: accumulated depreciation		(596,056	)		(511,022	)
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	5,505,596		$	5,582,401

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Notes Payable (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Notes Payable [Abstract]

Schedule of long term notes payable

	2024			2023
LV Note	$	5,000,000		$	5,000,000
2nd Lien Note		1,000,000			—
Authority Loan Agreement		750,000			750,000
2022 Note		200,000			148,300
Debenture		—			123,600
Peak One Debenture		—			700,000
Second Debenture		—			—
Third Debenture		150,000			—
Holdings Debenture		—			—
First 2024 Debenture		350,000			—
Second 2024 Debenture		350,000			—
Cedar Cash Advance Agreements		733,336			727,271
January Cash Advance Agreement		25,000			—
February Cash Advance Agreement		22,767			—
Secured Note		1,750,000			1,750,000
Overadvance		790,546			790,546
BCV Loan Agreement		1,750,000			1,750,000
Leighton Line of Credit		250,000			—
1800 Diagonal Note		99,667			—
Galvin Note Payable		23,000			75,000
		13,244,316			11,814,717
Less: Debt discount and debt issuance costs		(677,950	)		(895,222	)
		12,566,366			10,919,495
Less: current maturities		(10,103,921	)		(8,472,080	)
	$	2,462,445		$	2,447,415

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Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets

Schedule of purchase consideration

Cash	$	500,000
Contingent consideration payable		945,000
Equity consideration		435,000
	$	1,880,000

Schedule of purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed

Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,082
Intangible assets		100,468
Goodwill		1,810,787
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(32,337	)
	$	1,880,000

Schedule of proforma condensed consolidated statement of operations

	For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
	(Unaudited)
Revenue:
Sales	$	163,970
Total		163,970
Operating expenses:
Payroll and related expenses	$	2,611,732
General and administrative expenses		804,317
Marketing and business development expense		201,811
Total		3,617,860
Operating loss		(3,453,890	)
Other expense:
Interest Expense		(1,631,814	)
Net loss	$	(5,085,704	)

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Leases (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of balance sheet information

Balance Sheet Location		June 30, 2024
Finance Leases
Right-of-use assets		$	1,225,370
Current liabilities	Lease liability, current maturities		463,114
Non-current liabilities	Lease liability, net of current maturities		—
Total finance lease liabilities		$	463,114
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term
Finance leases			0.67 years
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Finance leases			3%

Schedule of approximate minimum annual rental commitments under non-cancelable leases

Year Ending December 31:	Financing
2024 (remaining)	$	334,112
2025		133,645
Total lease payments		467,757
Less: Imputed interest		4,643
Present value of lease liabilities	$	463,114

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Construction Backlog (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]

Schedule of backlog of signed construction and engineering contracts

	2024			2023
Balance - beginning of period	$	1,902,332		$	6,810,762
New contracts and change orders during the period		4,430,208			11,614,650
Adjustments and cancellations, net		(73,381	)		—
Subtotal		6,259,159			18,425,412
Less: contract revenue earned during the period		(2,179,369	)		(16,523,080	)
Balance - end of period	$	4,079,790		$	1,902,332

Construction Backlog [Member]

Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]

Summary of company's anticipation to convert the backlog to revenue over the period

	2024
Within 1 year	$	4,079,790
1 to 2 years		—
Total Backlog	$	4,079,790

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Segments and Disaggregated Revenue (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Segments and Disaggregated Revenue

	Construction			Medical			Development			Corporate and support			Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Revenue	$	2,179,369		$	—		$	91,978		$	—		$	2,271,347
Cost of revenue		1,739,232			—			—			—			1,739,232
Operating expenses		91,814			85,960			3,496,628			3,683,979			7,358,381
Operating loss		348,323			(85,960	)		(3,404,650	)		(3,683,979	)		(6,826,266	)
Other income (expense)		(187,908	)		—			(1,631,814	)		(1,158,810	)		(2,978,532	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		160,415			(85,960	)		(5,036,464	)		(4,842,789	)		(9,804,798	)
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—			—			(670,881	)		(670,881	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—			1,946,822			—			1,946,822
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	160,415		$	(85,960	)	$	(3,089,642	)	$	(5,513,670	)	$	(8,528,857	)
Total assets	$	5,479,525		$	1,406		$	12,654,236		$	2,793,342		$	20,928,509
Depreciation and amortization	$	81,547		$	—		$	—		$	3,487		$	85,034
Capital expenditures	$	7,873		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	7,873
		Construction			Medical			Development		Corporate and support				Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Revenue	$	10,600,990		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	10,600,990
Cost of revenue		10,636,832			—			—			—			10,636,832
Operating expenses		176,987			897			1,217,376			7,439,825			8,835,085
Operating income (loss)		(212,829	)		(897	)		(1,217,376	)		(7,439,825	)		(8,870,927	)
Other income (expense)		252,193			—			(475,046	)		18,816			(204,037	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		39,364			(897	)		(1,692,422	)		(7,421,009	)		(9,074,964	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—			—			—			—
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	39,364		$	(897	)	$	(1,692,422	)	$	(7,421,009	)	$	(9,074,964	)
Total assets	$	10,546,140		$	(897	)	$	(10,929,782	)	$	6,383,877		$	5,999,338
Depreciation and amortization	$	710,578		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	710,578
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—

	Construction			Medical		Development			Corporate and support			Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Revenue	$	1,211,254		$	—	$	42,162		$	—		$	1,253,416
Cost of revenue		1,094,249			—		—			—			1,094,249
Operating expenses		91,281			50,076		945,136			1,866,481			2,952,974
Operating income (loss)		25,724			(50,076)		(902,974	)		(1,866,481	)		(2,793,807	)
Other income (expense)		(137,955	)		—		(1,065,819	)		(550,189	)		(1,753,963	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		(112,231	)		(50,076)		(1,968,793	)		(2,416,670	)		(4,547,770	)
Common stock deemed dividend		—			—		—			—			—
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—		689,077			—			689,077
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	(112,231	)	$	(50,076)	$	(1,279,716)		$	(2,416,670	)	$	(3,858,693	)
Total assets	$	5,479,525		$	1,406	$	12,654,236		$	2,793,342		$	20,928,509
Depreciation and amortization	$	6,484		$	—	$	—		$	1,807		$	8,291
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—
		Construction			Medical		Development		Corporate and support				Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
Revenue	$	5,097,055		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	5,097,055
Cost of revenue		5,063,425			—		—			—			5,063,425
Operating expenses		58,428			—		496,463			5,089,597			5,644,488
Operating income (loss)		(24,798	)		—		(496,463	)		(5,089,597	)		(5,610,858	)
Other income (expense)		233,629			—		(187,749	)		9,454			55,334
Income (loss) before income taxes		208,831			—		(684,212	)		(5,080,143	)		(5,555,524	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest		—			—		—			—			—
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders of Safe & Green Holdings Corp.	$	208,831		$	—	$	(684,212	)	$	(5,080,143	)	$	(5,555,524	)
Depreciation and amortization	$	562,070		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	562,070
Capital expenditures	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—

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Warrants (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Warrants [Abstract]

Summary of warrant activity

Warrants	Number of Warrants			Weighted Average Exercise Price	Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding and exercisable - January 1, 2024	125,856		$	93.60	2.75		-
Granted	4,285,508			5.69			-
Expired	(8	)
Exercised	(387,945	)
Outstanding and exercisable - June 30, 2024	4,023,411		$	1.90	2.89	$	-

Schedule of Warrants, Valuation assumptions using a Black-Scholes Value model

Risk-free interest rate	3.9	%
Contractual term	5 years
Dividend yield	0	%
Expected volatility	98	%

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Share-based Compensation (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2024

Stock Options and Grants [Abstract]

Schedule of stock-based compensation expense included in statement of operations

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Payroll and related expenses	$	527,336	$	3,210,631
Total	$	527,336	$	3,210,631

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2024		2023
Payroll and related expenses	$	348,308	$	2,554,362
Total	$	348,308	$	2,554,362

Summary of employee stock option activity

	Shares	Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share	Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share	Weighted Average Remaining Terms (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding – December 31, 2023	1,822	496.00	1,574.20	—	—
Granted	—	—	—	—	—
Exercised	—	—	—	—	—
Cancelled	—	—	—	—	—
Outstanding – June 30, 2024	1,822	496.00	1,574.20	—	—
Exercisable – December 31, 2023	1,822	—	—	—	—
Exercisable – June 30, 2024	—	—	—	—	—

Schedule of RSU activities

	Number of Shares
Non-vested balance at January 1, 2024		—
Granted		201,590
Vested		(186,703	)
Forfeited/Expired		—
Non-vested balance at June 30, 2024		14,887

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Description of Business (Details Textual)		6 Months Ended
	May 02, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024 Item Segments
Description Of Business [Line Items]
Number of segments | Segments		4
Number of core product offerings | Item		3
Reverse stock split	the Company effected a 1-for-20 reverse stock split of its then-outstanding common stock (“May Stock Split”). All share and per share amounts set forth in the consolidated financial statements of the Company have been retroactively restated to reflect the 1-for-20 reverse stock split as if it had occurred as of the earliest period presented and unless otherwise stated, all other share and per share amounts for all periods presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2024 have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split effected in May 2024

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Separation and Distribution (Details Textual) - IPO [Member] - SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member]	1 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022 Number shares	Jun. 30, 2024	Sep. 28, 2023
Separation and Distribution [Line Items]
Percentage of ownership before separation (as a percent)	100.00%
Sale of stock, Number of publicly traded companies after separation | Number	2
Sale of stock, Distribution Date	Sep. 27, 2023
Sale of stock, Percentage of ownership shares sold on transaction (as a percent)	30.00%
Sale of stock, Number of shares to be distributed to each stockholder of the parent (in shares)	0.930886
Sale of stock, Basic number of shares held by each stockholder of the parent was calculated for distribution (in shares) | shares	5
Sale of stock, Record date for the distribution	Sep. 08, 2023
Percentage of ownership after separation (as a percent)	70.00%
Sale of stock, Listing date		Sep. 28, 2023
Sale of stock, Trading symbol of subsidiary			SGD

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Liquidity (Details)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Liquidity [Line Items]
Total Backlog	$ 4,079,790
Within 1 year [Member]
Liquidity [Line Items]
Total Backlog	$ 4,079,790

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Liquidity (Details Textual) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Liquidity (Textual)
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,016,784	$ 17,448
Cash backlog	4,079,790
Working capital	$ (14,912,769)

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue by customer type	$ 1,253,416	$ 5,097,055	$ 2,271,347	$ 10,600,990
Total revenue by customer type, percentage	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Hotel/Hospitality [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue by customer type	$ 149,961	$ 10,525	$ 181,719	$ 44,201
Total revenue by customer type, percentage	12.00%		8.00%
Office [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue by customer type	$ 1,061,293	$ 5,086,530	$ 1,997,650	$ 10,556,789
Total revenue by customer type, percentage	85.00%	100.00%	88.00%	100.00%
Subtotal [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue by customer type	$ 1,211,254	$ 5,097,055	$ 2,179,369	$ 10,600,990
Total revenue by customer type, percentage	97.00%	100.00%	96.00%	100.00%
Real estate commissions
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue by customer type	$ 42,162		$ 91,978
Total revenue by customer type, percentage	3.00%		4.00%

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details 1) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Equity Method Investment, Summarized Financial Information [Abstract]
Total assets	$ 20,928,509	$ 17,211,275
Total liabilities	25,717,784	23,546,134
Affiliated Entity [Member]
Equity Method Investment, Summarized Financial Information [Abstract]
Total assets	39,975,000	39,800,000
Total liabilities	9,800,000	9,700,000
Members’ equity	$ 30,175,000	$ 30,100,000

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Textual)			1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended					6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 25, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 24, 2021 USD ($)	May 31, 2021 USD ($)	Aug. 27, 2020 shares	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($) Customer	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) Customer	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($) Vendors Customer	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) Vendors Customer	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) Customer	May 10, 2021 USD ($)
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Inventories					$ 223,402					$ 223,402		$ 156,512
Goodwill impairment										0	$ 0
Intangible assets trademarks					68,344					68,344
Accumulated amortization					56,558					56,558		2,852,929
Amortization expense										6,834	47,291
Short-term investment					0					0		0
Cash and cash equivalents					1,016,784					1,016,784		17,448
Revenue recognized at point in time					42,162	$ 0				91,978	0
Recognized over time					1,211,254	$ 5,097,055				$ 2,179,369	10,600,990
Restricted stock or options issued, shares | shares				200,000
No of operating cycles										one year
Held for sale assets					4,400,361					$ 4,400,361		4,400,361
Impairment										0
Intangible assets for impairment losses												1,880,547
Investment in and advances to equity affiliates											$ 25,000
JDI-Cumberland Inlet, LLC [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Revenue recognized		$ 3,000,000
Percentage of controlling interest		10.00%
Investment in and advances to equity affiliates										25,000
Norman Berry II Owner LLC [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Revenue recognized			$ 600,000				$ 135,238	$ 114,433
Equity Method Investments			$ 600,000
Percentage of controlling interest			50.00%
SGB Development Corp. [Member] | Lago Vista Site [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Consideration	$ 5,825,000
Due diligence period under contract of sale	70 days
Closing period under contract of sale	30 days
Related Party [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Revenue recognized									$ 350,329
Website [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Intangible assets					$ 27,510					$ 27,510
Intangible asset, useful life					5 years					5 years
Lago Vista [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Project development costs													$ 824,231
Project development costs, book value													4,400,361
Lago Vista [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Held for sale assets													$ 3,576,130
Minimum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Operating Cycle					6 months					6 months
Maximum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Operating Cycle					12 months					12 months
Computer and software [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					3 years					3 years
Computer and software [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					5 years					5 years
Equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					5 years					5 years
Equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					29 years					29 years
Automobiles [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					2 years					2 years
Automobiles [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					5 years					5 years
Building [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					5 years					5 years
Building [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					7 years					7 years
Furniture and other equipment [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					5 years					5 years
Furniture and other equipment [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Estimated useful lives					7 years					7 years
Construction Materials [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Inventories					$ 223,402					$ 223,402		$ 156,512
Accounts receivable [Member] | Customer three [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Number of customers | Customer												3
Accounts receivable [Member] | Customer four [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Number of customers | Customer										4
Concentration risk, percentage										100.00%		100.00%
Revenue [Member] | Customer one [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Number of customers | Customer					3						1
Concentration risk, percentage					73.00%						96.00%
Revenue [Member] | Customer two [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Number of customers | Customer						2
Concentration risk, percentage						96.00%
Revenue [Member] | Customer four [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Number of customers | Customer										4
Concentration risk, percentage										88.00%
Cost of revenue [Member] | Vendors [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Number of vendors | Vendors										0	0
Concentration risk, percentage										10.00%	10.00%

XML

Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Summary of accounts receivable
Total gross receivables	$ 495,743	$ 819,887
Less: allowance for credit losses	(131,388)	(637,134)
Total net receivables	364,355	182,753
Construction services [Member]
Summary of accounts receivable
Total gross receivables	$ 495,743	$ 819,887

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Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts
Costs incurred on uncompleted contracts	$ 1,300,383	$ 20,213,733
Provision for loss on uncompleted contracts
Estimated earnings to date on uncompleted contracts	(376,181)	(968,040)
Gross contract assets	924,202	19,245,693
Less: billings to date	(2,548,595)	(20,601,946)
Net contract assets/(liabilities) on uncompleted contracts	$ (1,624,393)	$ (1,356,253)

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Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities (Details 1) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Costs and estimated earnings amounts on uncompleted contracts included in balance sheets
Contract assets	$ 113,001	$ 10,745
Contract liabilities	(1,737,394)	(1,366,998)
Net contract liabilities	$ (1,624,393)	$ (1,356,253)

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Property, plant and equipment (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	$ 6,101,652	$ 6,093,423
Less: accumulated depreciation	(596,056)	(511,022)
Property, plant and equipment, net	5,505,596	5,582,401
Computer equipment and software [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	103,327	102,325
Furniture and other equipment [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	271,798	271,798
Leasehold Improvements [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	15,400	17,280
Equipment and machinery [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	952,571	943,464
Automobiles [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	4,638	4,638
Building held for leases [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	196,416	196,416
Land [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	1,190,655	1,190,655
Building [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	969,188	969,188
Construction in progress [Member]
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment	$ 2,397,659	$ 2,397,659

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Property, plant and equipment (Details Textual) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Property, plant and equipment (Textual)
Depreciation expense	$ 42,297	$ 92,771	$ 85,034	$ 184,964

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Notes Receivable (Details Textual) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Apr. 15, 2020	Jan. 21, 2020	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Write off of notes receivable principal amount			$ 750,000
Write off of notes receivable accrued interest amount			$ 129,418
Company Note [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Advances in note receivable	$ 250,000
Interest rate	5.00%
Galvin Note [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Principal amount				$ 100,000
Notes Receivable [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Interest rate		5.00%
Maturity date	Jul. 31, 2023	Jul. 31, 2023
Notes Receivable [Member] | Company Note [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Advances in note receivable		$ 400,000
Notes Receivable [Member] | Galvin Note [Member]
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Advances in note receivable		$ 100,000

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Notes Payable (Details Textual)									1 Months Ended		6 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 03, 2024 USD ($)	Jan. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Nov. 30, 2023 USD ($) shares Debentures	Feb. 07, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Sep. 08, 2022 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2022 USD ($) a	Jul. 14, 2021 USD ($)	Jul. 14, 2021 USD ($)	Oct. 29, 2021 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2019	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares	May 31, 2024 shares	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($) shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount							$ 2,000,000	$ 2,000,000
Interest rate							12.00%	12.00%
Net loan proceeds							$ 1,948,234
Prepayment penalty due, percentage							0.50%
Short-term note term								1 year
Value of renovation improvements									$ 750,000
Principal amount of promissory note									$ 750,000
Proceeds from short-term note payable					$ 500,000
Shares of common stock | shares															375,000
Warrants, Fair Value Disclosure															$ 109,161
Amortization of Debt Issuance Costs											$ 1,612,377	$ 411,811
Debt instrument, original issue discount															$ 251,361
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock											1,872,742
Size Of Manufacturing Facility									58,000
Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Shares of common stock | shares															18,750
Peak Warrant [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity date										Aug. 29, 2024
Warrants [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Exercise period															5 years
Private Placement [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price, Decrease | $ / shares				$ 0.4
Percentage of common stock				19.99%
Private Placement [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion of stock, shares converted | shares				138,034
Private Placement [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion of stock, shares converted | shares				2,760,675
Private Placement [Member] | Peak Warrant [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Exercise period				5 years
Private Placement [Member] | Peak Warrant [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price | $ / shares				$ 2.25
Private Placement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price | $ / shares				$ 45
Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Restricted Stock [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Shares of common stock | shares				2,500
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares | shares				50,000
Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Warrants [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Shares of common stock | shares				500,000
Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Shares of common stock | shares				25,000
Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Peak Warrant [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Shares of common stock | shares				25,000
Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Peak Warrant [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Shares of common stock | shares				500,000
Notes Payable, Other Payables [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount of promissory note											$ 5,000,000
Bear interest											8.00%
Debt instrument, description											five and 50/100 percent (5.5%), equaling 13.5% as of June 30, 2024; provided that in no event will the interest rate be less than a floor rate of 13.5%.
Debt issuance costs incurred											$ 406,825
Prepaid interest											675,000
Notes Payable, Other Payables [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount						$ 148,300					$ 200,000
Maturity date						Sep. 01, 2023
Prepayment penalty due, percentage						9.75%
Short-term note term													1 year
Area of Land | a						27
Convertible Debt [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock													$ 730,000
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock (in shares) | shares											49,188		49,188
Convertible Debt [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock (in shares) | shares													25,446
Convertible Debt [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock (in shares) | shares													508,917
Convertible Debt [Member] | Private Placement [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount				$ 1,100,000
Short-term note term				12 months
Bear interest				8.00%
Shares of common stock | shares														2,758,620
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price, Decrease | $ / shares				$ 0.4
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price | $ / shares				1.5
Exercise period														5 years
Percentage of common stock														4.99%
Convertible Debt [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price, Decrease | $ / shares				8
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price | $ / shares				$ 30
Convertible Debt [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Restricted Stock [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Proceeds from original issue discount				$ 1,000,000
Convertible Debt [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Warrants [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Bear interest				8.00%
Debentures [Member] | Private Placement [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance costs incurred											$ 80,000
Debentures [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Restricted Stock [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Equity, Fair Value Disclosure											76,000
Debentures [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Peak Warrant [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Warrants, Fair Value Disclosure											$ 278,239
Lv Peninsula Holding Llc [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Payment of Extension Fee	$ 50,000
Long-Term Debt, Percentage Bearing Fixed Interest, Percentage Rate	17.00%
Lv Peninsula Holding Llc [Member] | Lien Promissory Note 2nd [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount	$ 1,000,000
Modification and Extension Agreement [Member] | Lv Peninsula Holding Llc [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maturity date	Apr. 01, 2025
Lien Loan Agreement 2nd [Member] | Lv Peninsula Holding Llc [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment	monthly
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt issuance costs incurred				$ 15,000
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Convertible Debt [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Original issue discount rate				10.00%
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Convertible Debt [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount		$ 500,000
Interest rate		8.00%
Proceeds from original issue discount		$ 450,000
Original issue discount rate		10.00%
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Convertible Debt [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount			$ 700,000
Interest rate			8.00%
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares | shares			100,000
Proceeds from original issue discount			$ 630,000
Original issue discount rate			1000.00%
Debt instrument, Number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion | shares			350,000
Payment of non-accountable fee			$ 17,500
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Debentures [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount			$ 1,200,000
Number of debentures | Debentures			2

XML

Notes Payable (Details 1 - Textual)							6 Months Ended
	Jan. 29, 2024 USD ($)	Nov. 20, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 26, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 23, 2023 USD ($) a shares	Jun. 08, 2023 USD ($) a ft²	May 16, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 14, 2023 USD ($)	Aug. 16, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 14, 2021 USD ($)
Notes Payable
Principal amount												$ 2,000,000
Recognized amortization of debt issuance costs							$ 1,612,377	$ 411,811
Galvin Note Payable [Member]
Notes Payable
Principal amount							$ 10,000			$ 75,000
Debt Instrument, Maturity Date							Dec. 14, 2024
Cash Advance Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Future Receivables [Member] | SG Building Blocks, Inc. [Member] | Cedar Advance LLC [Member]
Notes Payable
Cash advance debt due	$ 1,180,000					$ 710,500
Proceeds from Accounts Receivable Securitization	215,575	$ 342,200
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount	1,733,420					500,000
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment	$ 49,150					$ 25,375
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment	week					week
Debt issuance costs incurred						$ 25,000
Cash Advance Agreement, Two [Member] | Obligations Upon Future Receivables [Member] | SG Building Blocks, Inc. [Member] | Cedar Advance LLC [Member]
Notes Payable
Cash advance debt due		360,000	$ 1,171,500				$ 0		$ 424,454
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount		511,200	825,000				0		302,817
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment		$ 20,300	$ 41,800
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment		week	week
Debt issuance costs incurred							0		0
Non-Recourse Factoring and Security Agreement [Member] | Secured Note [Member] | SG Echo, LLC [Member] | SouthStar Financial, LLC [Member]
Notes Payable
Area of Land | a					19
Area of Real Estate Property | ft²					56,775
Principal amount					$ 1,750,000
Non-Recourse Factoring and Security Agreement [Member] | Secured Note [Member] | SG Echo, LLC [Member] | SouthStar Financial, LLC [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount					$ 1,500,000
Security Agreement [Member] | Secured Note [Member] | SG Echo, LLC [Member] | SouthStar Financial, LLC [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount							$ 70,120
Debt instrument, Bear interest rate					23.00%
Debt Instrument, Maturity Date					Jun. 01, 2025
Percentage of face amount of debt for origination fee payment					3.00%
Debt Instrument, Debt Default, Description of Violation or Event of Default					occurrence of an Event of Default (as defined in the Secured Note), the default interest rate will be 28% per annum, or the maximum legal amount provided by law, whichever is greater.
Debt Instrument, Debt Default, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage of Violation or Event of Default					28.00%
Non-Recourse Factoring Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Account Receivables [Member] | SG Echo, LLC [Member] | SouthStar Financial, LLC [Member]
Notes Payable
Percentage of face amount of accounts receivable					80.00%
Percentage of face amount of debt collateral for periodic payments for specified period, 1					1.95%
Period for face amount of debt collateral for periodic payments with specified percentage, 1					25 days
Percentage of face amount of debt collateral for periodic payments for specified period, 2					1.25%
Period for face amount of debt collateral for periodic payments with specified percentage, 2					15 days
Percentage of face amount of debt collateral for periodic payments for specified period, 3					1.50%
Period for face amount of debt collateral for periodic payments with specified percentage, 3					15 days
Exceeding period of invoices from advance date					60 days
Percentage of face amount of debt collateral overadvance for periodic payments for specified period, 1					3.90%
Period for face amount of debt collateral Overadvance for periodic payments with specified percentage, 1					25 days
Percentage of face amount of debt collateral Overadvance for periodic payments for specified period, 2					2.50%
Period for face amount of debt collateral Overadvance for periodic payments with specified percentage, 2					15 days
Debt instrument, collateral fee amount					$ 50
Percentage of face amount of collateral debt for transactional administrative fee payment					0.25%
Period of agreement initial term					36 months
Period of agreement renewal term					36 months
Period of agreement renewal term, event of no notice provided for termination					36 months
Threshold percentage of face amount of collateral debt per calendar quarter					50.00%
Period between date of proceeds and payment of minimum collateral amount					31 days
Non-Recourse Factoring Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Account Receivables [Member] | SG Echo, LLC [Member] | SouthStar Financial, LLC [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Notes Payable
Period of agreement termination before end of initial term					90 days
Period of agreement termination before end of renewal term					90 days
Non-Recourse Factoring Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Account Receivables [Member] | SG Echo, LLC [Member] | SouthStar Financial, LLC [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Notes Payable
Period of agreement termination before end of initial term					60 days
Period of agreement termination before end of renewal term					60 days
Non-Recourse Factoring Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Account Receivables [Member] | SG Echo, LLC [Member] | ATCO Structures & Logistics (USA) Inc. [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, minimum collateral amount kept with third-party per month					$ 250,000
BCV Loan Agreement [Member] | Loans Payable [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member] | BCV S&G DevCorp [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt issuance costs incurred									$ 35,000
Area of Land | a				29.66
Principal amount				$ 1,250,000
Debt instrument, Bear interest rate				14.00%
Debt Instrument, Maturity Date				Dec. 01, 2024
Maximum borrowing capacity, amount				$ 2,000,000
Debt instrument, period from issuance date which repayment can be made				12 months
Number of shares pledged | shares				1,999,999
Percentage of shares pledged				19.99%
Loan processing fee				$ 70,000
Loan management fee payable per annum				27,500
Broker fees				$ 37,500
Debt Instrument, Repurchased Face Amount											$ 500,000

XML

Notes Payable (Details 2 - Textual)									1 Months Ended
	Jan. 29, 2024 USD ($)	Jan. 12, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jan. 11, 2024 USD ($) Debentures	Jan. 05, 2024 USD ($)	Nov. 20, 2023 USD ($)	May 16, 2023 USD ($)	Feb. 07, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares	Jul. 14, 2021 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Aug. 27, 2020 shares	Jun. 30, 2024 $ / shares	May 31, 2024 $ / shares shares	May 03, 2024 $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, principal amount								$ 2,000,000
Shares of common stock | shares									375,000
Common stock, par value | $ / shares											$ 0.01			$ 0.01
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares | shares										200,000
Debt instrument, term								1 year
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares									$ 0.53
Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares									18,750
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares									$ 10.6
Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, principal amount							$ 1,100,000
Interest rate							8.00%
Shares of common stock | shares												2,758,620
Debt instrument, term							12 months
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares							$ 1.5
Warrant expiration period												5 years
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares												$ 2.65
Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares							$ 30
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares													130,000
Common stock, par value | $ / shares													$ 0.01
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares													$ 2.65
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Payment of placement fee									$ 40,950
Placement fee payable									$ 40,950
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”)
Notes Payable
Number of debentures | Debentures			2
Debt instrument, principal amount		$ 650,000	$ 1,300,000
Interest rate		8.00%
Debt instrument, purchase price		$ 585,000
Original issue discount rate		10.00%
Payment of non-accountable fee		$ 17,500
Debt instrument, term		12 months
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage		110.00%
Debt instrument, Convertible, Liquidation Preference, Value		$ 1,500,000
Maximum number of days to inform debenture holder		2 days
Percentage of proceeds from issuance of long term debt		50.00%
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares		$ 9.2
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares		$ 0.46
Cash Advance Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Future Receivables [Member] | SG Building Blocks, Inc. and SG Echo, LLC [Member] | Maison Capital Group (“Maison”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount				$ 300,000
Cash advance debt due				200,000
Cash advance debt less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided				190,000
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment				$ 12,500
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment				week
Cash Advance Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Future Receivables [Member] | SG Building Blocks, Inc. [Member] | Cedar Advance LLC [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount	$ 1,733,420					$ 500,000
Cash advance debt due	1,180,000					710,500
Cash advance debt less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided	215,575				$ 342,200
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment	$ 49,150					$ 25,375
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment	week					week
Warrants [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”)
Notes Payable
Warrant expiration period		5 years
Warrants [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares		18,750
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares | shares		15,000
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares		$ 10.6
Warrants [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares		375,000
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares | shares		300,000
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares		$ 0.53

XML

Notes Payable (Details 3 - Textual)								1 Months Ended
	Apr. 29, 2024 USD ($) shares Debentures $ / shares	Feb. 16, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Feb. 15, 2024 USD ($) Tranche shares	Jan. 12, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jan. 11, 2024 USD ($) Debentures	Feb. 07, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares	Jul. 14, 2021 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Nov. 30, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Aug. 27, 2020 shares	Apr. 30, 2019 shares	May 31, 2024 $ / shares shares	May 03, 2024 $ / shares shares
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, principal amount							$ 2,000,000
Shares of common stock | shares								375,000
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares | shares										200,000
Debt instrument, term							1 year
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares								$ 0.53
Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares								18,750
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares								$ 10.6
Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease | $ / shares						$ 0.4
Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, principal amount						$ 1,100,000
Interest rate						8.00%
Shares of common stock | shares												2,758,620
Debt instrument, term						12 months
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares						$ 1.5
Warrant expiration period												5 years
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares												$ 2.65
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease | $ / shares						0.4
Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares						30
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease | $ / shares						$ 8
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | shares											42,388
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares													130,000
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares													$ 2.65
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Warrants [Member]
Notes Payable
Warrant expiration period				5 years
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares				18,750
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares | shares				15,000
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares				$ 10.6
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares				375,000
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares | shares				300,000
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares				$ 0.53
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member]
Notes Payable
Number of debentures | Debentures					2
Debt instrument, principal amount				$ 650,000	$ 1,300,000
Interest rate				8.00%
Debt instrument, purchase price				$ 585,000
Payment of non-accountable fee				$ 17,500
Original issue discount rate				10.00%
Debt instrument, term				12 months
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage				110.00%
Debt instrument, Convertible, Liquidation Preference, Value				$ 1,500,000
Maximum number of days to inform debenture holder				2 days
Percentage of proceeds from issuance of long term debt				50.00%
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares				$ 9.2
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares				$ 0.46
Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Payment of placement fee								$ 40,950
Placement fee payable								$ 40,950
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”) [Member] | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Payment of placement fee									$ 13,500
Placement fee payable									$ 13,500
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Number of debentures | Debentures	3
Debt instrument, principal amount	$ 1,200,000
Interest rate	8.00%
Debt instrument, purchase price	$ 315,000
Debt instrument, Number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion	350,000
Debt instrument, Number of shares of common stock issuable to designee upon conversion | shares	262,500
Shares of common stock | shares	262,500
Original issue discount rate	10.00%
Debt instrument, term	12 months
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares	$ 0.7
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage	110.00%
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage, Subject to Event of Default	18.00%
Warrant expiration period	5 years
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares	$ 0.76
Debt issuance costs	$ 10,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | shares	80,000
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease | $ / shares	$ 0.165
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”)
Notes Payable
Exercise Price of Warrants | $ / shares									$ 2.53
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares									125,000
Payment of non-accountable fee		$ 6,500
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares | shares		35,000
Warrant expiration period									5 years
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Warrants [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares		125,000
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, principal amount		$ 250,000
Interest rate		8.00%
Debt instrument, purchase price		$ 225,000
Original issue discount rate		10.00%
Debt instrument, term		12 months
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares		$ 2.14
Debt instrument, redemption price, percentage		110.00%
Debt instrument, Convertible, Liquidation Preference, Value		$ 1,500,000
Maximum number of days to inform debenture holder		2 days
Percentage of proceeds from issuance of long term debt		50.00%
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage, Subject to Event of Default		18.00%
Percentage of outstanding principal amount, Subject to Event of Default		110.00%
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Second and third tranche [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Payment of non-accountable fee			$ 6,500
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Second and third tranche [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Warrants [Member]
Notes Payable
Shares of common stock | shares			125,000
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Second and third tranche [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund, L.P. (“Peak One”) | Private Placement Offering (the “Offering”) [Member] | Convertible Debentures [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, principal amount			$ 250,000
Interest rate			8.00%
Number of tranches | Tranche			2
Debt instrument, purchase price			$ 225,000
Debt instrument, Number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion			35,000
Debt instrument, Number of shares of common stock issuable to designee upon conversion | shares			17,500
Debt instrument, Number of shares of common stock issuable as commitment fee upon conversion | shares			17,500
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Second Tranche [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt instrument, principal amount	$ 350,000
Interest rate	8.00%
Debt instrument, purchase price	$ 315,000
Debt instrument, Number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion | shares	262,500
Original issue discount rate	10.00%
Debt issuance costs	$ 10,000
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | shares	80,000
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Third Tranche [Member]
Notes Payable
Interest rate	8.00%
Debt instrument, purchase price	$ 450,000
Debt instrument, Number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion | shares	375,000
Original issue discount rate	10.00%
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues | shares	100,000
Maximum number of days to obtain shareholder approval	60 days
Debt Instrument, Issued, Principal	$ 500,000

XML

Notes Payable (Details 4 - Textual)					6 Months Ended
	Apr. 29, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares	Mar. 05, 2024 USD ($) d Item $ / shares	Mar. 01, 2024 USD ($) shares	Feb. 23, 2024 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Jan. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Jul. 14, 2021 USD ($)
Notes Payable
Principal amount							$ 2,000,000
Debt instrument, original issue discount						$ 251,361
Promissory Note [Member]
Notes Payable
Bear interest					8.00%
1800 Diagonal Lending LLC [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member] | Promissory Note [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment		monthly
Principal amount		$ 149,500
Proceeds from original issue discount		130,000
Debt instrument, original issue discount		$ 19,500
Bear interest		10.00%
Number of monthly payments | Item		9
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment		$ 1,827,223
Debt Instrument, grace period with respect to periodic payment		5 days
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage, Subject to Event of Default		22.00%
Percentage of outstanding principal amount, Subject to Event of Default		200.00%
Minimum period after anniversary of the debt		6 months
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares		$ 0.08
Debt instrument, percentage of lowest closing bid price of common stock		65.00%
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Threshold Trading Days | d		10
Debt Instrument, discount rate of lowest closing bid price of common stock		35.00%
Percentage of common stock		4.99%
Percentage of outstanding number of shares, subject to an exchange cap		19.99%
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Principal amount	$ 1,200,000
Proceeds from original issue discount	$ 315,000
Bear interest	8.00%
Debt Instrument, Interest Rate, Stated Percentage, Subject to Event of Default	18.00%
Debt instrument, conversion price | $ / shares	$ 0.7
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Bryan Leighton Revocable Trust
Notes Payable
Line of credit facility, Maximum borrowing capacity			$ 250,000
Maturity Date of the Line of credit facility			Sep. 01, 2024
Line of credit facility, Interest rate at a fixed rate per annum			12.00%
Issuance of restricted common stock for line of credit facility, debt discount, Shares | shares			154,320
Issuance of restricted common stock for line of credit facility, debt discount			$ 125,000
Proceeds from the Line of Credit					$ 250,000
Cash Advance Agreement [Member] | SG Building Blocks, Inc. and SG Echo, LLC [Member] | Bridgecap Advance LLC (“Bridgecap”) [Member]
Notes Payable
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount				$ 224,850
Cash advance debt due				150,000
Cash advance debt less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided				$ 135,000
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment				day
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment				$ 2,248.5

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Notes Payable (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	$ 13,244,316	$ 11,814,717
Less: Debt discount and debt issuance costs	(677,950)	(895,222)
Total debt	12,566,366	10,919,495
Less: current maturities	(10,103,921)	(8,472,080)
Total	2,462,445	2,447,415
LV Note [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	5,000,000	5,000,000
2nd Lien Note
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	1,000,000
Authority Loan Agreement [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	750,000	750,000
2022 Note [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	200,000	148,300
Debenture [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross		123,600
Peak One Debenture [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross		700,000
Second Debenture [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross
Third Debenture [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	150,000
Holdings Debenture [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross
First 2024 Debenture [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	350,000
Second 2024 Debenture [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	350,000
Cedar Cash Advance Agreements [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	733,336	727,271
January Cash Advance Agreement [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	25,000
February Cash Advance Agreement [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	22,767
Secured Note [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	1,750,000	1,750,000
Overadvance [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	790,546	790,546
BCV Loan Agreement [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	1,750,000	1,750,000
Leighton Line of Credit [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	250,000
1800 Diagonal Note [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	99,667
Galvin Note Payable [Member]
Notes Payable
Long-term notes payable, gross	$ 23,000	$ 75,000

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Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets - Schedule of purchase consideration (Detail) - Majestic World Holdings LLC (“MWH”) [Member] - SGB Development Corp. [Member]	Feb. 07, 2024 USD ($)
Business Combination
Cash	$ 500,000
Contingent consideration payable	945,000
Equity consideration	435,000
Total purchase consideration	$ 1,880,000

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Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets - Schedule of purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (Details 1) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Feb. 07, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Business Combination
Goodwill	$ 1,810,787
Majestic World Holdings LLC (“MWH”) [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member]
Business Combination
Cash and cash equivalents		$ 1,082
Intangible assets		100,468
Goodwill		1,810,787
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(32,337)
Total		$ 1,880,000

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Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets - Schedule of proforma condensed consolidated statement of operations (Detail) - Majestic World Holdings LLC (“MWH”) [Member] - SGB Development Corp. [Member]	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Revenue:
Sales	$ 163,970
Total	163,970
Operating expenses:
Payroll and related expenses	2,611,732
General and administrative expenses	804,317
Marketing and business development expense	201,811
Total	3,617,860
Operating loss	(3,453,890)
Other expense:
Interest Expense	(1,631,814)
Net loss	$ (5,085,704)

XML

Business Combination and Acquisition of Assets - Narrative (Details)	Jun. 06, 2024 USD ($) shares	Feb. 07, 2024 USD ($) Number shares
Majestic World Holdings LLC (“MWH”) [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member]
Business Combination
Business Combination, Cash Consideration		$ 945,000
Fair value of purchase		$ 1,880,000
Majestic World Holdings LLC (“MWH”) [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member] | Membership Interest Purchase Agreement [Member]
Business Combination
Business Combination, Stock Consideration | shares		500,000
Business Combination, Cash Consideration		$ 500,000
Business Combination, Percentage of Cash Consideration		100.00%
Business Combination, Number of installments | Number		5
Business Combination, Periodic payment		$ 100,000
Business Combination, Number of quarterly periods | Number		5
Majestic World Holdings LLC (“MWH”) [Member] | SGB Development Corp. [Member] | Profit Sharing Agreement [Member]
Business Combination
Business Combination, share of net profits, Percentage		50.00%
Business Combination, share of net profits, term		5 years
Business Combination, fair value of the contingent consideration liability at the acquisition date		$ 945,000
MyVONIA
Business Combination
Business Combination, Stock Consideration | shares	200,000
Business Acquisition, Equity Interest Issued or Issuable, Description	The purchase price for MyVONIA is up to 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. Of such shares, 200,000 shares of common stock were issued at the closing on June 6, 2024, with an additional 300,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the achievement of certain benchmarks.
Fair value of purchase	$ 228,360

XML

Leases (Details)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Finance Leases
Right-of-use assets	$ 1,225,370
Current liabilities	463,114
Non-current liabilities
Total finance lease liabilities	$ 463,114
Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term
Finance leases	8 months 1 day
Weighted Average Discount Rate
Finance leases	3.00%

XML

Leases (Details 1)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Financing
2024 (remaining)	$ 334,112
2025	133,645
Total lease payments	467,757
Less: Imputed interest	4,643
Present value of lease liabilities	$ 463,114

XML

Leases (Details Textual)	Jun. 30, 2024
Minimum [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
CAT lease term	1 year
Maximum [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
CAT lease term	10 years

XML

Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Details) - shares	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Restricted Stock Units [Member]
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Textual)
Warrants to purchase shares of common stock	14,887	0
Stock options [Member]
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Textual)
Warrants to purchase shares of common stock	1,822	1,822
Warrants [Member]
Net Income (Loss) Per Share (Textual)
Warrants to purchase shares of common stock	4,023,411	126,251

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Construction Backlog (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Construction Backlog [Abstract]
Balance - beginning of period	$ 1,902,332	$ 6,810,762
New contracts and change orders during the period	4,430,208	11,614,650
Adjustments and cancellations, net	(73,381)
Subtotal	6,259,159	18,425,412
Less: contract revenue earned during the period	(2,179,369)	(16,523,080)
Balance - end of period	$ 4,079,790	$ 1,902,332

XML

Construction Backlog (Details 1)	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total Backlog	$ 4,079,790
Within 1 year [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total Backlog	4,079,790
1 to 2 years [Member]
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Total Backlog

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Stockholders' Equity (Details) - USD ($)							1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	May 03, 2024	Apr. 29, 2024	Mar. 12, 2024	Mar. 08, 2024	Feb. 07, 2023	Oct. 25, 2021	Aug. 31, 2019	Apr. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Feb. 16, 2024	Jan. 31, 2024	Jan. 12, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Nov. 30, 2023
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Gross proceeds						$ 11,550,000
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights														$ 0.53
Issuance of common stock for services										$ 47,500		$ 47,500
Shares of common stock														375,000
Offering expenses						$ 10,500,000
Stock Repurchased During Period, Value									$ 1,437,043		$ 5,166,849
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock											1,872,742
Common stock deemed dividend											670,881
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants											$ 15
Common stock, par value									$ 0.01		$ 0.01					$ 0.01
Issuance of stock under EP Agreement									$ 28,867		$ 28,867
Issuance of stock under EP Agreement, Shares											13,355
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement, Shares											129,603
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement									$ 489,268		$ 489,268
Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights														$ 10.6
Shares of common stock														18,750
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares								42,388
Common stock, per share								$ 22
Issuance costs of offering								$ 379,816
Warrants to purchase of common stock								4,239
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Stock Repurchased During Period, Value											5,166,849
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares		80,000
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights		$ 0.76
Exercise period		5 years
Shares of common stock		262,500
SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights																	$ 2.53
Pre-Funded Warrant Shares [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issued warrants						2,189,384
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights						$ 0.001
Series A Warrants [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issued warrants						1,898,630
Common Stock Warrants [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights						$ 4.8
Exercise period						5 years
Equity purchase agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issuance of common stock for services											$ 251,361
Issuance of common stock for services, Shares											15,000
Issuance of restricted common stock, Shares											38,934
Issuance of restricted stock units											$ 527,336
Equity purchase agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares					75,000
Convertible Notes Payable [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock											$ 802,067
Convertible Notes Payable [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Conversion of short-term notes payable to common stock (in shares)											154,155
IPO [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares							2,250
Common Stock Issued Under Underwriting Agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares							45,000
Common stock, per share							$ 17
Issuance costs of offering							$ 181,695
Private Placement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Percentage of gross proceeds from placement cash free						7.00%
Percentage of non-accountable expense allowance of gross proceeds from placement						0.50%
Reimbursed placement agent’s expenses						$ 50,000
Private Placement [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights	$ 2.65
Shares of common stock	130,000
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01
Private Placement [Member] | SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Exercise period																	5 years
Shares of common stock																	125,000
Private Placement [Member] | Pre-Funded Warrant Shares [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issued warrants	1,249,310
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights	$ 0.0001
Common stock, per share	$ 2.8999
Private Placement [Member] | Common Stock Warrants [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issued warrants	2,758,620
Exercise period	5 years
Common stock, per share	$ 2.9
Private Placement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Warrant Inducement Agreement [Member] | Holder [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights				$ 0.2603
Shares of common stock			3,797,260	1,898,630
Common stock deemed dividend				$ 670,881
Debt issuance costs, net				454,867
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants				$ 494,213
Common stock, par value				$ 0.01
Percentage of common stock issued upon exercise of the existing warrants			200.00%
Maximum period for registration statement filing			30 days
Maximum period for Resale Registration Statement declared effective by regulator agency			60 days
Maximum period for event of a full review for Resale Registration Statement declared effective by regulator agency			90 days
Maximum period for hold a special or annual meeting of shareholders			60 days
Period of interval for hold a meeting of shareholders to seek Stockholder Approval until the earlier of the date Stockholder Approval is obtained			90 days
Private Placement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Warrant Inducement Agreement [Member] | Maxim Group LLC [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Percentage of proceeds from exercise of warrants			7.00%
Payment of legal fees and other out-of-pocket expenses			$ 10,000
Private Placement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Exercise period															5 years
Private Placement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member] | Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of Warrant or Right, Exercise Price of Warrants or Rights															$ 10.6
Shares of common stock															18,750
Private Placement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | SGB Development Corp. (“SG DevCorp”) [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Shares of common stock													125,000
Common Stock [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares						975,000
Cashless warrant exercise, Shares											11,389

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Stockholders' Equity (Details 1) - USD ($)						3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	May 07, 2024	May 03, 2024	Mar. 08, 2024	Feb. 07, 2023	Oct. 25, 2021	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 12, 2024	Jan. 31, 2024	Jan. 12, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Apr. 30, 2019
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights											375,000
Common Stock, par value						$ 0.01		$ 0.01					$ 0.01
Nominal exercise price											$ 0.53
Issuance of common stock	$ 3,590,386							$ 3,619,253
Number of prefunded warrants exercised								279,310
Common stock deemed dividend								$ 670,881
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants								$ 15
Equity purchase agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issuance of common stock for services, Shares								15,000
Equity purchase agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Percentage of average daily trading value				200.00%
Maximum commitment amount under equity purchase agreement				$ 10,000,000
Maximum number of days for filing of registration statement				60 days
Period of After Which Obligation to Buy Common Stock Begins Under Equity Purchase Agreement				36 months
Percentage of Equity Market Price				97.00%
Maximum [Member] | Equity purchase agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Amount of put notice under equity purchase agreement				$ 750,000
Minimum [Member] | Equity purchase agreement [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Amount of put notice under equity purchase agreement				$ 25,000
Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights											18,750
Nominal exercise price											$ 10.6
Common Stock Warrants [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Exercise period					5 years
Nominal exercise price					$ 4.8
Pre-Funded Warrant Shares [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issued warrants					2,189,384
Nominal exercise price					$ 0.001
Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Common stock, per share														$ 22
Private Placement [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights		130,000
Common Stock, par value		$ 0.01
Nominal exercise price		$ 2.65
Capital investment, ownership interest		50.00%
Private Placement [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Exercise period												5 years
Private Placement [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights												375,000
Nominal exercise price												$ 0.53
Private Placement [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Reverse Stock Split [Member] | Peak One Opportunity Fund Lp [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights												18,750
Nominal exercise price												$ 10.6
Private Placement [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Common Stock Warrants [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issued warrants		2,758,620
Common stock, per share		$ 2.9
Exercise period		5 years
Percentage of outstanding common stock		4.99%
Private Placement [Member] | Securities Purchase Agreement [Member] | Pre-Funded Warrant Shares [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Issued warrants		1,249,310
Common stock, per share		$ 2.8999
Nominal exercise price		$ 0.0001
Percentage of outstanding common stock		9.99%
Private Placement [Member] | Warrant Inducement Agreement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Holder [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights			1,898,630							3,797,260
Common Stock, par value			$ 0.01
Nominal exercise price			$ 0.2603
Common stock deemed dividend			$ 670,881
Debt issuance costs, net			454,867
Proceeds from the exercise of warrants			$ 494,213
Minimum period for not to effect or agree to effect any Variable Rate Transaction			60 days
Minimum period for not to issue any shares of Common Stock or Common Stock equivalents or to file any other registration statement with regulator agency			30 days
Private Placement [Member] | Warrant Inducement Agreement [Member] | Warrants [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member] | Holder [Member]
Stockholders' Equity (Textual)
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights			94,932							189,863
Nominal exercise price			$ 5.206

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Segments and Disaggregated Revenue (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Segments and Disaggregated Revenue
Revenue	$ 1,253,416	$ 5,097,055	$ 2,271,347	$ 10,600,990
Cost of revenue	1,094,249	5,063,425	1,739,232	10,636,832
Operating expenses	2,952,974	5,644,488	7,358,381	8,835,085
Operating loss	(2,793,807)	(5,610,858)	(6,826,266)	(8,870,927)
Other income (expense)	(1,753,963)	55,334	(2,978,532)	(204,037)
Loss before income taxes	(4,547,770)	(5,555,524)	(9,804,798)	(9,074,964)
Common stock deemed dividend			(670,881)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest	689,077		1,946,822
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(3,858,693)	(5,555,524)	(8,528,857)	(9,074,964)
Total assets	20,928,509		20,928,509		$ 17,211,275
Operating Segments [Member]
Segments and Disaggregated Revenue
Revenue	1,253,416	5,097,055	2,271,347	10,600,990
Cost of revenue	1,094,249	5,063,425	1,739,232	10,636,832
Operating expenses	2,952,974	5,644,488	7,358,381	8,835,085
Operating loss	(2,793,807)	(5,610,858)	(6,826,266)	(8,870,927)
Other income (expense)	(1,753,963)	55,334	(2,978,532)	(204,037)
Loss before income taxes	(4,547,770)	(5,555,524)	(9,804,798)	(9,074,964)
Common stock deemed dividend			(670,881)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest	689,077		1,946,822
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(3,858,693)	(5,555,524)	(8,528,857)	(9,074,964)
Total assets	20,928,509	5,999,338	20,928,509	5,999,338
Depreciation and amortization	8,291	562,070	85,034	710,578
Capital expenditures			7,873
Operating Segments [Member] | Construction [Member]
Segments and Disaggregated Revenue
Revenue	1,211,254	5,097,055	2,179,369	10,600,990
Cost of revenue	1,094,249	5,063,425	1,739,232	10,636,832
Operating expenses	91,281	58,428	91,814	176,987
Operating loss	25,724	(24,798)	348,323	(212,829)
Other income (expense)	(137,955)	233,629	(187,908)	252,193
Loss before income taxes	(112,231)	208,831	160,415	39,364
Common stock deemed dividend
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(112,231)	208,831	160,415	39,364
Total assets	5,479,525	10,546,140	5,479,525	10,546,140
Depreciation and amortization	6,484	562,070	81,547	710,578
Capital expenditures			7,873
Operating Segments [Member] | Medical [Member]
Segments and Disaggregated Revenue
Revenue
Cost of revenue
Operating expenses	50,076		85,960	897
Operating loss	(50,076)		(85,960)	(897)
Other income (expense)
Loss before income taxes	(50,076)		(85,960)	(897)
Common stock deemed dividend
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(50,076)		(85,960)	(897)
Total assets	1,406	(897)	1,406	(897)
Depreciation and amortization
Capital expenditures
Operating Segments [Member] | Development [Member]
Segments and Disaggregated Revenue
Revenue	42,162		91,978
Cost of revenue
Operating expenses	945,136	496,463	3,496,628	1,217,376
Operating loss	(902,974)	(496,463)	(3,404,650)	(1,217,376)
Other income (expense)	(1,065,819)	(187,749)	(1,631,814)	(475,046)
Loss before income taxes	(1,968,793)	(684,212)	(5,036,464)	(1,692,422)
Common stock deemed dividend
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest	689,077		1,946,822
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(1,279,716)	(684,212)	(3,089,642)	(1,692,422)
Total assets	12,654,236	(10,929,782)	12,654,236	(10,929,782)
Depreciation and amortization
Capital expenditures
Operating Segments [Member] | Corporate and support [Member]
Segments and Disaggregated Revenue
Revenue
Cost of revenue
Operating expenses	1,866,481	5,089,597	3,683,979	7,439,825
Operating loss	(1,866,481)	(5,089,597)	(3,683,979)	(7,439,825)
Other income (expense)	(550,189)	9,454	(1,158,810)	18,816
Loss before income taxes	(2,416,670)	(5,080,143)	(4,842,789)	(7,421,009)
Common stock deemed dividend			(670,881)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
Net loss attributable to common stockholders	(2,416,670)	(5,080,143)	(5,513,670)	(7,421,009)
Total assets	2,793,342	6,383,877	2,793,342	6,383,877
Depreciation and amortization	1,807		3,487
Capital expenditures

XML

Warrants (Details Textual) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended						3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Feb. 07, 2023	Feb. 28, 2023	Oct. 31, 2021	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019	Apr. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2021	May 31, 2024	Jan. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Warrants
Warrants, Fair Value Disclosure												$ 109,161
Nominal exercise price												$ 0.53
Common Stock, par value								$ 0.01	$ 0.01				$ 0.01
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights												375,000
Cashless warrant exercise								$ 15	$ 15
Debt instrument, original issue discount												$ 251,361
Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Nominal exercise price												$ 10.6
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights												18,750
Private Placement [Member]
Warrants
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease	$ 0.4
Percentage of common stock	19.99%
Private Placement [Member] | Convertible Debt [Member]
Warrants
Nominal exercise price											$ 2.65
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights											2,758,620
Exercise period											5 years
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price	$ 1.5
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease	0.4
Percentage of common stock											4.99%
Private Placement [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member] | Convertible Debt [Member]
Warrants
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price	30
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease	$ 8
June 21, 2018 and expired June 21, 2023 [Member]
Warrants
Fair value of warrants							$ 63,796
Maturity date							Jun. 21, 2023
June 21, 2018 and expired June 21, 2023 [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants							216
Common stock price per share							$ 2,500
June 21, 2018 and expired June 21, 2023 [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants							4,313
Common stock price per share							$ 125
October 29, 2019 and expire October 29, 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Maturity date						Oct. 29, 2024
October 29, 2019 and expire October 29, 2024 [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants						2,119
Common stock price per share						$ 550
October 29, 2019 and expire October 29, 2024 [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants						42,388
Common stock price per share						$ 27.5
October 29, 2019 and expire April 24, 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Maturity date						Apr. 24, 2024
October 29, 2019 and expire April 24, 2024 [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants						212
Common stock price per share						$ 550
October 29, 2019 and expire April 24, 2024 [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants						4,239
Common stock price per share						$ 27.5
February 1, 2020 and expire August 29, 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Maturity date					Aug. 29, 2024
February 1, 2020 and expire August 29, 2024 [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants					112
Common stock price per share					$ 425
February 1, 2020 and expire August 29, 2024 [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants					2,250
Common stock price per share					$ 21.25
February 1, 2020 and expire August 29, 2024 [Member] | Private Placement [Member]
Warrants
Exercise period	5 years
February 1, 2020 and expire August 29, 2024 [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Warrants
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price	$ 2.25
November 6, 2021 and expire May 5, 2025
Warrants
Maturity date				May 05, 2025
Cashless warrant exercise										$ 707,000
November 6, 2021 and expire May 5, 2025 | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants				15,000
Common stock price per share				$ 62.8
Cashless warrant exercise, Shares										11,315
November 6, 2021 and expire May 5, 2025 | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants				300,000
Common stock price per share				$ 3.14
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights										226,300
October 26,2021 and expire Five Years [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants			94,932
Common stock price per share			$ 96
October 26,2021 and expire Five Years [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Warrants
Aggregate purchase warrants			1,898,630
Common stock price per share			$ 4.8
Peak Warrants [Member]
Warrants
Fair value of warrants		$ 278,239
Exercise period		5 years	5 years
Peak Warrants [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights		25,000
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price		$ 45
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease		$ 8
Debt instrument, original issue discount		$ 354,329
Peak Warrants [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Warrants
Class of warrant or right, number of securities called by warrants or rights		500,000
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price		$ 2.25
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price, decrease		$ 0.4
Common Stock [Member]
Warrants
Cashless warrant exercise, Shares								279,310	290,699
Cashless warrant exercise								$ 2,793	$ 2,907
Warrants [Member]
Warrants
Exercise period												5 years
Warrants [Member] | Private Placement [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Warrants
Debt instrument, convertible, conversion price	$ 45

XML

Warrants - Summary of warrant activity (Details) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of Warrants, Outstanding and exercisable - beginning of period
Number of Shares, Granted	201,590
Number of Warrants, Expired
Number of Warrants, Exercised	(186,703)
Number of Warrants, Outstanding and exercisable - end of period	14,887
Warrant [Member]
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of Warrants, Outstanding and exercisable - beginning of period	125,856
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)	2 years 10 months 20 days	2 years 9 months
Number of Shares, Granted	4,285,508
Number of Warrants, Expired	(8)
Number of Warrants, Exercised	(387,945)
Number of Warrants, Outstanding and exercisable - end of period	4,023,411	125,856
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding and exercisable - beginning of period	$ 93.6
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted	5.69
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding and exercisable - end of period	$ 1.9	$ 93.6
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding and exercisable - end of period

XML

Warrants - Schedule of Warrants, Valuation assumptions using a Black-Scholes Value model (Details)	Jun. 30, 2024
Risk-free interest rate
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants Outstanding, Measurement Input	0.039
Contractual term
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrant expiration period	5 years
Dividend yield
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants Outstanding, Measurement Input	0
Expected volatility
Fair Value Measurement Inputs and Valuation Techniques [Line Items]
Warrants Outstanding, Measurement Input	0.98

XML

Share-based Compensation (Details) - Share-based Payment Arrangement [Member] - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Total	$ 348,308	$ 2,554,362	$ 527,336	$ 3,210,631
Payroll and related expenses [Member]
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Total	$ 348,308	$ 2,554,362	$ 527,336	$ 3,210,631

XML

Share-based Compensation (Details 1) - USD ($)	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]
Shares Outstanding, Beginning balance	1,822
Shares, Granted
Shares, Exercised
Shares, Cancelled
Shares Outstanding, Ending balance	1,822	1,822
Shares, Exercisable		1,822
Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share, Outstanding, Beginning balance	$ 496
Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share, Granted
Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share, Exercised
Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share, Cancelled
Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share, Outstanding, Ending balance	496	$ 496
Weighted Average Fair Value Per Share, Exercisable
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Outstanding, Beginning balance	1,574.2
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Granted
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Exercised
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Cancelled
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Outstanding, Ending balance	1,574.2	1,574.2
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share, Exercisable
Weighted Average Remaining Terms (in years), Outstanding, Beginning balance
Weighted Average Remaining Terms (in years), Outstanding, Ending balance
Weighted Average Remaining Terms (in years), Exercisable
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding, Beginning balance
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding, Ending balance
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable

XML

Share-based Compensation (Details 2)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024 shares
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number of Shares [Roll Forward]
Number of Warrants, Outstanding and exercisable - beginning of period
Number of Shares, Granted	201,590
Number of Shares, Vested	(186,703)
Number of Shares, Forfeited/Expired
Number of Warrants, Outstanding and exercisable - end of period	14,887

XML

Share-based Compensation (Details Textual)				1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended			6 Months Ended
	May 01, 2023 shares	Apr. 04, 2023 Director $ / shares shares	Nov. 18, 2022	Aug. 27, 2020 shares	Oct. 26, 2016 shares	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Mar. 31, 2024 $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($) Employee $ / shares shares	Jun. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Jun. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 shares	Aug. 18, 2021 shares
Share-based Compensation
Stock-based compensation | $									$ 527,336	$ 3,210,631
Restricted stock or options issued, shares				200,000
Unrecognized compensation costs | $						$ 131,599			$ 131,599
Shares, Granted
Award granted (in shares)									201,590
Award outstanding, unvested (in shares)						14,887			14,887
Restricted Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Stock-based compensation | $						$ 348,308		$ 2,554,262
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Vesting Period	18 months
Award granted (in shares)	60,000
Mr. Galvin [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Award granted (in shares)							44,147
Patricia Kaelin
Share-based Compensation
Award granted (in shares)							15,000
Employees [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Award granted (in shares)							10,000
Employees [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Number of employees | Employee								6
Non-employee director [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Vesting Period		2 years
Number of Directors | Director		5
Award granted (in shares)		268,166
Fair value of award (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 1.01
Paul Galvin and Seven Employees [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Before Adjustment of Reverse Stock Split [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Fair value of award (in dollars per share) | $ / shares							$ 2.27
Four Non-Employee Directors [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Vesting Period			2 years
Paul Galvin and Six Employees [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Shares, Granted								316,834
Vesting Period								2 years
Paul Galvin and Six Employees [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Fair value of award (in dollars per share) | $ / shares								$ 0.85
Paul Galvin and Six Employees [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Fair value of award (in dollars per share) | $ / shares								$ 1.01
Paul Galvin and Six Employees [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Award granted (in shares)								15,842
Paul Galvin and Six Employees [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Fair value of award (in dollars per share) | $ / shares								$ 17
Paul Galvin and Six Employees [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Fair value of award (in dollars per share) | $ / shares								$ 20.2
Five non-employee directors [Member] | Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Award granted (in shares)		13,408
Fair value of award (in dollars per share) | $ / shares		$ 20.2
Common Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Restricted stock or options issued, shares									38,934
Issuance of Successor common stock, shares						130,000			130,000
2016 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Restricted stock or options issued, shares					25,000
2016 Plan [Member] | Reverse Stock Split in May 2024 [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Number of shares of the company’s common stock authorized for issuance					1,250							431,250
Stock-Based Option [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Stock-based compensation | $									$ 0	$ 0
Incentive Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Common stock available for issuance, shares
Incentive Plan [Member] | Common Stock [Member]
Share-based Compensation
Number of shares of the company’s common stock authorized for issuance												8,625,000

XML

Commitments and Contingencies (Details Textual)									1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 01, 2024 USD ($)	May 01, 2023 USD ($) shares	Mar. 14, 2023 USD ($)	Apr. 14, 2021	Apr. 13, 2020 Number	Feb. 11, 2020 USD ($)	Jan. 01, 2019 USD ($)	Sep. 12, 2018 USD ($)	Feb. 29, 2024 USD ($)	Apr. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2024 shares	Jun. 30, 2024 shares	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)	Sep. 19, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 05, 2022 USD ($)
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Award granted (in shares) | shares												201,590
Damages value						$ 2,861,401.66		$ 761,401.66
Employment Agreement [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Description of commitments										provide for an annual base salary of $400,000 provide for a performance bonus structure for a bonus of up to 50% of base salary upon the Company’s achievement of $2,000,000 EBITDA and additional performance bonus payments for the achievement of EBITDA in excess of $2,000,000 based on a percentage of the incremental increase in EBITDA (ranging from 10% of the incremental increase in EBITDA if the Company achieves over $2,000,000 and up to $7,000,000 in EBITDA, 8% of the incremental increase in EBITDA if the Company achieves over $7,000,000 and up to $12,000,000 in EBITDA and 3% of the incremental increase in EBITDA over $12,000,000), provide for a profits-based additional bonus of up to $250,000 in certain limited circumstances, and provide for one (1) year severance, plus a pro-rated amount of any unpaid bonus earned by him during the year as verified by the Company’s principal financial officer, if Mr. Galvin is terminated without cause. At the Company’s option, up to fifty (50%) percent of the EBITDA performance bonuses may be paid in restricted stock units if then available for grant under the Company’s Incentive Plan.
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Award granted (in shares) | shares		60,000
Vesting period		18 months
Teton Buildings, LLC [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Damages value							$ 2,100,000
EDI International, PC [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Damages value													$ 1,275,754
Unpaid wages													$ 30,428.71
Osang Healthcare Company Ltd [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Description of commitments				The Company has asserted that Osang materially breached a certain Managed Supply Agreement (“MSA”) entered into between the parties on October 12, 2020, pursuant to which the Company received on consignment two million (2,000,000) units of Osang’s “Genefinder Plus RealAmp Covid-19 PCR Test” (the “Covid-19 Test”) for domestic and international distribution. The Company has also asserted that Osang breached the covenant of good faith and fair dealing, fraudulently induced it to enter into the MSA, and violated §349 of the New York General Business Law’s prohibition of deceptive business practices.
Litigation Settlement, Amount Awarded from Other Party			$ 450,000
HOLA Defendants
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Loss Contingency, New Claims Filed, Number | Number					7
CPF GP 2019-1 LLC [Member] | Settled Litigation [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Litigation Settlement, Amount Awarded from Other Party									$ 745,000
SG Echo and SG Environmental Solutions Corp. [Member] | Farnam Street Financial, Inc. [Member] | Legal Proceedings | Subsequent Event [Member] | Settlement Agreement
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract	18 months
Original cost of the equipment	$ 1,556,163
Percentage of the original cost of the equipment for purchase price	35.00%
Purchase price of equipment	$ 544,657.05
Monthly Lease Charge amount	65,880.95
Security deposit for lease	$ 167,056
Patricia Kaelin
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Annual base salary		$ 250,000
Percentage of base salary		20.00%
Award granted (in shares) | shares											15,000
Patricia Kaelin | Employment Agreement [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Annual base salary															$ 300,000
Mr. Galvin [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Award granted (in shares) | shares											44,147
Mr. Galvin [Member] | Employment Agreement [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Payment of base annual salary														$ 750,000		$ 500,000

XML

Subsequent Event (Details) - USD ($)				1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
	Jan. 29, 2024	Nov. 20, 2023	May 16, 2023	Jul. 31, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement					$ 489,268	$ 489,268
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement, Shares						129,603
Common Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement					$ 1,296	$ 1,296
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement, Shares					129,603	129,603
SG Building Blocks, Inc. [Member] | Cedar Advance LLC [Member] | Cash Advance Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Future Receivables [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount	$ 1,733,420		$ 500,000
Cash advance debt due	1,180,000		710,500
Cash advance debt less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided	215,575	$ 342,200
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment	$ 49,150		$ 25,375
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment	week		week
Subsequent Event [Member] | Common Stock
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement				$ 82,645
Issuance of stock for accounts payable settlement, Shares				197,125
Subsequent Event [Member] | SG Building Blocks, Inc. [Member] | Cedar Advance LLC [Member] | Cash Advance Agreement [Member] | Obligations Upon Future Receivables [Member]
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Collateral Amount				$ 1,957,150
Cash advance debt due				1,350,000
Cash advance debt less underwriting fees and expenses paid, for net funds provided				285,180
Debt Instrument, Periodic Payment				$ 49,150
Debt Instrument, Frequency of Periodic Payment				week