Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2019

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of presentation and principals of consolidation

Basis of presentation and principals of consolidation – The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by GAAP for annual financial statements. The condensed consolidated financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes for the year ended December 31, 2018 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 29, 2019. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal accruals, considered necessary for a fair presentation of the interim financial statements have been included. Results for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries, SG Building Blocks, Inc.‚ SG Residential, Inc.‚ and SG Blocks Puerto Rico, Inc. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period’s presentation.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements – New accounting pronouncements implemented by the Company are discussed below or in the related notes, where appropriate.

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”). The update’s principal objective is to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 continues to retain a distinction between finance and operating leases but requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset representing their right to use the underlying asset for the lease term and a corresponding lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms greater than twelve months. The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements” (“ASU 2018-11”), which provides entities with an additional transition method. Under ASU 2018-11, entities have the option of recognizing the cumulative effect of applying the new standard as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings in the year of adoption while continuing to present all prior periods under previous lease accounting guidance. In July 2018, the FASB also issued ASU No. 2018-10, “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases” (“ASU 2018-10”), which clarifies how to apply certain aspects of ASU 2016-02. The Company adopted ASU 2016-02, ASU 2018-10 and ASU 2018-11 effective January 1, 2019. The Company had no operating or finance lease agreements as of September 30, 2019. The adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements and disclosures. 

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting” (“ASU 2018-07”), which expands the scope of Topic 718 to include all share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. ASU 2018-07 specifies that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which the grantor acquires goods and services to be used or consumed in its own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. Under ASC 718, the measurement date for equity-classified, share-based awards is generally the grant date of the award. ASU 2018-07 also clarifies that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under ASC 606. The Company adopted ASU 2018-07 effective January 1, 2019. The adoption provides administrative relief by fixing the remaining unamortized expense of the award and eliminating the requirement to quarterly re-measure the Company’s nonemployee awards. The adoption of ASU No. 2018-07 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements and disclosures.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements not yet adopted – New accounting pronouncements requiring implementation in future periods are discussed below. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment” (“ASU 2017-04”), to simplify the test for goodwill impairment by removing Step 2. An entity will, therefore, perform the goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. An entity still has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The ASU is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of the ASU is on a prospective basis. Based on current evaluation, the Company does not expect that ASU No. 2017-04 will have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement” (“ASU 2018-13”). This ASU amends ASC 820 to add, remove and modify certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. For example, public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Management does not expect the adoption of ASU 2018-13 to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flow.

Accounting estimates

Accounting estimates – The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant areas that require the Company to make estimates include revenue recognition, stock-based compensation and allowance for doubtful accounts. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Operating cycle

Operating cycle – The length of the Company’s contracts varies, but is typically between six to twelve months. In some instances, the length of the contract may exceed twelve months. Assets and liabilities relating to current and long-term contracts are included in current assets and current liabilities, respectively, in the accompanying balance sheets as they will be liquidated in the normal course of contract completion, which at times could exceed one year.

Revenue recognition

Revenue recognition – The Company applies recognition of revenue over time, which is similar to the method the Company applied under previous guidance (i.e., percentage of completion). The Company determines, at contract inception, whether it will transfer control of a promised good or service over time or at a point in time—regardless of the length of contract or other factors. The recognition of revenue aligns with the timing of when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve this core principle, the Company applies the following five steps in accordance with its revenue policy:

                (1)  Identify the contract with a customer;

                (2)  Identify the performance obligations in the contract;

                (3)  Determine the transaction price;

                (4)  Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract; and

                (5)  Recognize revenue as performance obligations are satisfied. 

Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is possible that estimates of costs to complete a performance obligation will be revised in the near-term. For those performance obligations for which revenue is recognized using a cost-to-cost input method, changes in total estimated costs, and related progress toward complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, are recognized on a cumulative catch-up basis in the period in which the revisions to the estimates are made. When the current estimate of total costs for a performance obligation indicate a loss, a provision for the entire estimated loss on the unsatisfied performance obligation is made in the period in which the loss becomes evident. 

On October 3 2019, the Company entered into an Exclusive License Agreement (“ELA” ) pursuant to which it granted an exclusive license for its technology as outlined in the ELA. See Note 13 for a discussion on the ELA. Under the ELA, the Company will receive royalty payments based upon gross revenues earned by the licensee for commercialize products within the field of design and project management platforms for residential use, including single-family residences and multi-family residences, but excluding military housing. The Company has determined that the ELA grants the licensee a right to access the Company’s intellectual property throughout the license period (or its remaining economic life, if shorter), and thus recognizes revenue over time as the licensee recognizes revenue and the Company has the right to payment of royalties. No revenue has been recognized under the ELA for the nine months ended September 30, 2019.  

Disaggregation of Revenues

The Company’s revenues are principally derived from construction and engineering contracts related to Modules. The Company’s contracts are with many different customers in numerous industries.

The following tables provide further disaggregation of the Company’s revenues by categories: 

	Three Months Ended September 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2019					2018
Multi-Family	$	(18,013	)	—	%	$	47,026	2	%
Office		4,424		2	%		445,992	22	%
Retail		195,421		97	%		955,667	46	%
School		—		—	%		602,641	29	%
Special Use		—		—	%		30,990	1	%
Other		2,694		1	%		509	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	184,526		100	%	$	2,082,825	100	%

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
Revenue by Customer Type	2019				2018
Multi-Family	$	94,178	4	%	$	257,840	4	%
Office		1,212,321	46	%		1,039,348	18	%
Retail		1,332,805	50	%		1,487,587	25	%
School		—	—	%		2,462,880	42	%
Special Use		6,812	—	%		667,074	11	%
Other		1,442	—	%		17,421	—	%
Total revenue by customer type	$	2,647,558	100	%	$	5,932,150	100	%

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities 

Accounts receivable are recognized in the period when the Company’s right to consideration is unconditional. Accounts receivable are recognized net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the likelihood of realization of receivables.

The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers.

Contract assets include unbilled amounts from long-term construction services when revenue recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress exceeds the amounts invoiced to customers, as the amounts cannot be billed under the terms of our contracts. Such amounts are recoverable from customers based upon various measures of performance, including achievement of certain milestones, completion of specified units or completion of a contract. Contract assets are generally classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheets and labeled as “costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts”.

Contract liabilities from construction and engineering contracts occur when amounts invoiced to customers exceed revenues recognized under the cost-to-cost measure of progress. Contract liabilities additionally include advanced payments from customers on certain contracts. Contract liabilities decrease as the Company recognizes revenue from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation. Contract liabilities are generally classified as current within the condensed consolidated balance sheet and labeled as “billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts”.

Although the Company believes it has established adequate procedures for estimating costs to complete on open contracts, it is at least reasonably possible that additional significant costs could occur on contracts prior to completion. The Company periodically evaluates and revises its estimates and makes adjustments when they are considered necessary.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents – The Company considers cash and cash equivalents to include all short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and have original maturities of three months or less upon acquisition. Cash and cash equivalents totaled $1,953 as of September 30, 2019 and $1,368,395 as of December 31, 2018.

Short-term investment

Short-term investment – The Company classifies any investment with a maturity greater than six months but less than one year as a short-term investment.  The Company had no short-term investments as of September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

Accounts receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts – Accounts receivable are receivables generated from sales to customers and progress billings on performance type contracts. Amounts included in accounts receivable are deemed to be collectible within the Company’s operating cycle. The Company recognizes account receivable at invoiced amounts. 

The allowance for doubtful accounts reflects the Company's best estimate of probable losses inherent in the accounts receivable balances. Management provides an allowance for doubtful accounts based on the Company’s historical losses, specific customer circumstances, and general economic conditions. Periodically, management reviews accounts receivable and adjusts the allowance based on current circumstances and charges off uncollectible receivables when all attempts to collect have been exhausted and the prospects for recovery are remote. Recoveries are recognized when they are received. Actual collection losses may differ from the Company’s estimates and could be material to its consolidated financial position, result of operations, and cash flows. 

Inventory

Inventory – Raw construction materials (primarily shipping containers) are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. Finished goods and work-in-process inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value, using the specific identification method. There was no inventory as of September 30, 2019 or December 31, 2018.

Goodwill

Goodwill – The Company performs its impairment test of goodwill at the reporting unit level each fiscal year, or more frequently if events or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its reporting unit below its carrying values. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. If management concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, management conducts a two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing the fair value of the applicable reporting unit with its carrying value. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, management performs the second step of the goodwill impairment test. The second step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the implied fair value of the affected reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying value of that goodwill. The amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, if any, is recognized as an impairment loss. The Company’s evaluation of goodwill completed during the year ended December 31, 2018 resulted in no impairment losses.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets – Intangible assets represent the preliminary assets identified upon emergence from bankruptcy and consist of $2,766,000 of proprietary knowledge and technology which is being amortized over 20 years and $1,113,000 of customer contracts which was being amortized over 2.5 years. In addition, intangible assets include $28,820 of trademarks and $5,300 of website costs which are being amortized over 5 years. The Company evaluated intangible assets for impairment during the year ended December 31, 2018, and determined that there were no impairment losses. The accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $1,578,034 and $1,321,604, respectively. The amortization expense for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $36,281 and $147,399, respectively. The amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 was $108,843 and $442,031, respectively. The estimated amortization expense for the successive five years is as follows: 

For the year ended December 31,
2019	$	36,281
2020		145,124
2021		145,124
2022		140,801
2023		139,007
Thereafter		1,728,749
	$	2,335,086

Property, plant and equipment

Property, plant and equipment – Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated lives of each asset. Estimated useful life for significant classes of assets are as follows: computer and software 3 to 5 years and equipment 5 to 7 years. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred.

Common stock purchase warrants and other derivative financial instruments

Common stock purchase warrants and other derivative financial instruments – The Company classifies as equity any contracts that (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement or (ii) provide a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in the Company’s own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) providing that such contracts are indexed to the Company’s own stock. The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if any event occurs and if that event is outside the Company’s control) or (ii) give the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement). The Company assesses classification of common stock purchase warrants and other free standing derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities or equity is required.

Fair value measurements

Fair value measurements – Financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, are carried at cost, which the Company believes approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

The Company measures the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

The Company uses three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: 

Level 1	Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2	Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable.
Level 3	Inputs that are unobservable (for example, cash flow modeling inputs based on assumptions).

Share-based payments

Share-based payments – The Company measures the cost of services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of the award. For employees and directors, including non-employee directors, the fair value of a stock option award is measured on the grant date. The fair value amount is then recognized over the period services are required to be provided in exchange for the award, usually the vesting period. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense on a graded-vesting basis over the requisite service period for each separately vesting tranche of each award. Stock-based compensation expense to employees and all directors is reported within payroll and related expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. Stock-based compensation expense to non-employees is reported within marketing and business development expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

Income taxes

Income taxes – The Company accounts for income taxes utilizing the asset and liability approach. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes generally represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the year. Deferred taxes result from the differences between the financial and tax bases of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted.

The calculation of tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations. The Company recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on the Company’s estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when the liabilities are no longer determined to be necessary. If the estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, a further charge to expense would result.

Concentrations of credit risk

Concentrations of credit risk – Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents. The Company places its cash with high credit quality institutions. At times, such amounts may be in excess of the FDIC insurance limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in its account and believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on the account.

With respect to receivables, concentrations of credit risk are limited to a few customers in the construction industry. The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and, generally, requires no collateral from its customers other than normal lien rights. At September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, 92% and 76%, respectively, of the Company’s gross accounts receivable were due from two customers.

Revenue relating to two and four customers represented approximately 94% and 80% of the Company’s total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Revenue relating to two and one customers represented approximately 87% and 41% of the Company’s total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Cost of revenue relating to two and four vendors represented approximately 93% and 85% of the Company’s total cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Cost of revenue relating to four and one vendors represented approximately 94% and 52% of the Company’s total cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The Company believes it has access to alternative suppliers, with limited disruption to the business, should circumstances change with its existing suppliers.