EXHIBIT 8.1

LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES AS AT June 30, 2018

SUBSIDIARY NAME	JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION AND RESIDENCE	PROPORTION OF OWNERSHIP INTEREST AND VOTING INTEREST
Ergo Mining Operations Proprietary Limited	South Africa	100%
Crown Gold Recoveries Proprietary Limited	South Africa	100%
East Rand Proprietary Mines Limited	South Africa	100%
Ergo Mining Proprietary Limited	South Africa	100%

LIST OF SUBSIDIARIES AS AT September 30, 2018

SUBSIDIARY NAME	JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION AND RESIDENCE	PROPORTION OF OWNERSHIP INTEREST AND VOTING INTEREST
Ergo Mining Operations Proprietary Limited	South Africa	100%
Crown Gold Recoveries Proprietary Limited	South Africa	100%
East Rand Proprietary Mines Limited	South Africa	100%
Ergo Mining Proprietary Limited	South Africa	100%
Far West Gold Recoveries Proprietary Limited	South Africa	100%