10-Q/A

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q/A

(Amendment No.1)

	☒	Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1934 for the quarterly period ended May 31, 2020
OR
	☐	Transmission Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Security Exchange Act of 1937 for the transition period from ______ to ______

Commission file number: 001-32046

Simulations Plus, Inc.

(Name of registrant as specified in its charter)

California	95-4595609
(State or other jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer identification No.)

42505 10^th Street West

Lancaster, CA 93534-7059

(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)

(661) 723-7723

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share	SLP	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filings requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes ☒     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒     No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

☐   Large accelerated filer	☒   Accelerated filer
☐   Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	☒   Smaller reporting company
☐   Emerging Growth Company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐   No ☒

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share, as of July 22, 2020 was 17,820,057, no shares of preferred stock were outstanding.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This Form 10-Q/A (Amendment No. 1) (the “Amendment”) is being filed solely to correct a clerical error in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2020, initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 9, 2020 (the “Original Filing”).

We have determined that in Item 3 of Part I, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” we reported as follows: In the three and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, we sold $1,453,000 and $1,402,000 and $3,273,000 and $3,800,000, respectively, of software through representatives in certain Asian markets in local currencies. The reported amounts for those nine-month periods were switched and the nine month sales ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 should have been reported as $3,800,000 and $3,273,000, respectively. In addition, cash and cash equivalents as of August 31, 2019 was reported as $11.40 million and was actually $11.44 million. Despite being minor grammatical errors in the narrative, we felt it necessary to correct the clerical errors to avoid confusion over this disclosure.

In addition, we have determined that in Item 1 of Part I, “Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows” the presentation of the Statement of Cash Flows for the comparative historical period ended May 31, 2019 mistakenly included certain numbers from the period ended February 28, 2019, rather than the period ended May 31, 2019. The overall financial impact of this clerical error showed for the nine months 2019 cash generated of $3,381,958 when in fact the cash generated in that prior year period was $907,424.

In connection with the filing of this Amendment and pursuant to the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, we are including with this Amendment new certifications by our principal executive and principal financial officer as required by Rule 12b-15.

Except for the correction described above, this Amendment does not modify, amend or update in any way any other item or disclosure in the Original Filing. The Original Filing continues to speak as of the date of the Original Filing and we have not updated the disclosures contained therein to reflect any events which occurred at a date subsequent to the filing of the Original Filing other than as expressly indicated in this Amendment. Accordingly, this Amendment should be read in conjunction with the Original Filing.

Simulations Plus, Inc.

FORM 10-Q/A

For the Quarterly Period Ended May 31, 2020

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
		Page
Item 1.	Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at May 31, 2020 (unaudited) and August 31, 2019 (audited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 (unaudited)	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and the year ended August 31, 2019 (unaudited)	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 (unaudited)	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	7
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	22
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 6.	Exhibits	23
Signature		24

i

Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	(Unaudited)		(Audited)
	May 31		August 31,
	2020		2019
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	7,354,496	$	11,435,499
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $25,000 and $0		10,853,452		5,026,558
Revenues in excess of billings		2,838,072		3,233,659
Prepaid income taxes		392,099		765,110
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		745,468		704,316
Total current assets		22,183,587		21,165,142
Long-term assets
Capitalized computer software development costs,
net of accumulated amortization of $13,293,943 and $12,356,055		5,754,971		4,959,736
Property and equipment, net (note 4)		356,784		341,145
Operating lease right of use asset		1,019,408		–
Intellectual property, net of accumulated amortization of $4,729,270 and $3,948,750		12,275,730		5,026,249
Other intangible assets net of accumulated amortization of $1,503,481 and $1,210,000		7,146,519		3,280,000
Goodwill		12,792,171		10,387,198
Other assets		49,957		37,227
Total assets	$	61,579,127	$	45,196,697
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	663,337	$	204,075
Accrued payroll and other expenses		2,137,383		1,639,038
Current portion - Contracts payable (note 5)		3,761,028		1,761,028
Billings in excess of revenues		269,232		798,549
Operating lease liability, current portion		525,454		–
Deferred revenue		428,611		380,787
Total current liabilities		7,785,045		4,783,477
Long-term liabilities
Deferred income taxes, net		2,775,398		2,731,616
Operating Lease Liability		489,463		–
Payments due under Contracts payable (note 5)		3,942,333		–
Total liabilities		14,992,239		7,515,093
Commitments and contingencies (note 6)
Shareholders' equity (note 7)
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value 10,000,000 shares authorized no shares issued and outstanding	$	–	$	–
Common stock, $0.001 par value 50,000,000 shares authorized 17,788,498 and 17,591,834 shares issued and outstanding		7,791		7,595
Additional paid-in capital		20,231,443		15,319,474
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		30,460		–
Retained earnings		26,317,194		22,354,535
Total shareholders' equity	$	46,586,888	$	37,681,604
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	61,579,127	$	45,196,697

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

1

SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the three and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019

	Three months ended						Nine months ended
	(Unaudited)						(Unaudited)
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Revenues	$	12,298,036		$	9,936,921		$	32,049,003		$	25,944,545
Cost of revenues		2,665,405			2,324,188			7,974,702			6,734,890
Gross margin		9,632,630			7,612,733			24,074,301			19,209,655
Operating expenses
Selling, general, and administrative		5,023,132			3,087,445			12,646,512			8,613,788
Research and development		752,719			643,255			2,026,684			1,896,926
Total operating expenses		5,775,851			3,730,700			14,673,197			10,510,714
Income from operations		3,856,779			3,882,033			9,401,104			8,698,941
Other income (expense)
Interest income		4,465			11,050			27,814			20,296
Interest expense		–			(32,702	)		–			(109,078	)
Change in value of contingent consideration		(81,000	)		–			(81,000	)		–
(Loss) income on currency exchange		(602	)		(7,941	)		1,283			(40,467	)
Total other income (expense)		(77,137	)		(29,593	)		(51,902	)		(129,249	)
Income before provision for income taxes		3,779,642			3,852,440			9,349,202			8,569,692
Provision for income taxes		(844,073	)		(963,734	)		(2,205,276	)		(2,045,590	)
Net Income	$	2,935,569		$	2,888,706		$	7,143,925		$	6,524,102
Earnings per share
Basic	$	0.17		$	0.16		$	0.40		$	0.37
Diluted	$	0.16		$	0.16		$	0.39		$	0.36
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
Basic		17,735,354			17,519,849			17,661,189			17,472,922
Diluted		18,426,872			18,096,195			18,333,596			18,008,336
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments		30,460			–			30,460			–
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	2,966,029		$	2,888,706		$	7,174,385		$	6,524,102

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

2

SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

For the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and the year ended August 31, 2019

(UNAUDITED)

	Common Stock				Additional Paid-In		Accumulated Other Comprehensive		Retained
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Income		Earnings			Total
Balance, August 31, 2018		17,416,445	$	7,417	$	13,453,668	$	–	$	18,461,540		$	31,922,625
Exercise of stock options		41,103		42		357,410		–		–			357,452
Stock-based Compensation		–		–		200,029		–		–			200,029
Shares issued to Directors for services		2,222		2		44,904		–		–			44,906
Adjustment for 606		–		–		–		–		(493,279	)		(493,279	)
Declaration of Dividend		–		–		–		–		(1,045,073	)		(1,045,073	)
Net income		–		–		–		–		1,535,947			1,535,947
Balance, November 30, 2018		17,459,770		7,461		14,056,011		–		18,459,135			32,522,607
Exercise of stock options		37,680		38		121,912		–		–			121,950
Stock-based Compensation		–		–		208,715		–		–			208,715
Shares issued to Directors for services		2,508		4		48,954		–		–			48,958
Declaration of Dividend		–		–		–		–		(1,048,887	)		(1,048,887	)
Net income		–		–		–		–		2,099,449			2,099,449
Balance, February 28, 2019		17,499,958		7,503		14,435,592		–		19,509,697			33,952,792
Exercise of stock options		25,849		26		103,747		–		–			103,773
Stock-based Compensation		–		–		224,654		–		–			224,654
Shares issued to Directors for services		2,176		2		49,023		–		–			49,025
Declaration of Dividend		–		–		–		–		(1,050,914	)		(1,050,914	)
Net income		–		–		–		–		2,888,706			2,888,706
Balance, May 31, 2019		17,527,983		7,531		14,813,016		–		21,347,489			36,168,036
Exercise of stock options		62,071		62		204,910		–		–			204,972
Stock-based Compensation		–		–		232,450		–		–			232,450
Shares issued to Directors for services		1,780		2		69,098		–		–			69,100
Declaration of Dividend		–		–		–		–		(1,052,181	)		(1,052,181	)
Net income		–		–		–		–		2,059,227			2,059,227
Balance, August 31, 2019		17,591,834	$	7,595	$	15,319,474	$	–	$	22,354,535		$	37,681,604

3

SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

For the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and the year ended August 31, 2019

(UNAUDITED) (continued)

	Common Stock				Additional Paid-In		Accumulated Other Comprehensive		Retained
	Shares		Amount		Capital		Income		Earnings			Total
Balance, August 31, 2019		17,591,834	$	7,595	$	15,319,474	$	–	$	22,354,535		$	37,681,604
Exercise of stock options		29,445		29		135,529		–		–			135,558
Stock-based Compensation		–		–		294,704		–		–			294,704
Shares issued to Directors for services		2,045		2		72,411		–		–			72,413
Declaration of Dividend		–		–		–		–		(1,056,379	)		(1,056,379	)
Net income		–		–		–		–		2,058,277			2,058,277
Balance November 30, 2019		17,623,324		7,626		15,822,118		–		23,356,433			39,186,177
Exercise of stock options		22,915		23		167,168		–		–			167,191
Stock-based Compensation		–		–		344,928		–		–			344,928
Shares issued to Directors for services		2,225		2		72,488		–		–			72,490
Declaration of Dividend		–		–		–		–		(1,058,740	)		(1,058,740	)
Net income		–		–		–		–		2,150,080			2,150,080
Balance February 29, 2020		17,648,464		7,651		16,406,702		–		24,447,773			40,862,126
Exercise of stock options		26,447		26		204,581		–		–			204,607
Stock-based Compensation		–		–		287,115		–		–			287,115
Shares issued to Directors for services		1,905		2		72,483		–		–			72,485
Declaration of Dividend		–		–		–		–		(1,066,148	)		(1,066,148	)
Shares issued - Lixoft		111,682		112		3,260,562		–		–			3,260,674
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		–		–		–		30,460		–			30,460
Net income		–		–		–		–		2,935,569			2,935,569
Balance May 31, 2020		17,788,498	$	7,791	$	20,231,443	$	30,460	$	26,317,194		$	46,586,888

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

4

SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019

(UNAUDITED)

	2020			2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	7,143,925		$	6,524,102
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization		2,133,676			2,070,583
Change in value of contingent consideration		81,000			109,061
Stock-based compensation		1,144,135			776,287
Deferred income taxes		43,782			(248,526	)
(Increase) decrease in
Accounts receivable		(5,268,565	)		(2,220,795	)
Revenues in excess of billings		395,587			(695,192	)
Prepaid income taxes		553,462			312,593
Prepaid expenses and other assets		7,445			76,667
Increase (decrease) in
Accounts payable		324,427			(142,520	)
Accrued payroll and other expenses		26,653			257,026
Billings in excess of revenues		(529,317	)		114,369
Accrued income taxes		–			434,886
Deferred revenue		47,824			145,406
Net cash provided by operating activities		6,104,034			7,513,947
Cash flows used in investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment		(105,784	)		(75,861	)
Purchases of intellectual property		–			(50,000	)
Cash used to acquire subsidiaries		(9,471,352	)		–
Cash received in acquisition		3,799,134			–
Capitalized computer software development costs		(1,733,124	)		(1,362,329	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(7,511,126	)		(1,488,190	)
Cash flows used in financing activities
Payment of dividends		(3,181,267	)		(3,144,864	)
Payments on Contracts Payable		–			(2,556,644	)
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options		507,356			583,175
Net cash used in financing activities		(2,673,911	)		(5,118,333	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(4,081,003	)		907,424
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year		11,435,499			9,400,701
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	7,354,496		$	10,308,125
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Income taxes paid	$	1,613,868		$	1,503,740
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
Stock issued for acquisition of Lixoft	$	3,260,674		$	–
Creation of contract liabilities for acquisition of subsidiaries	$	4,528,000		$	–
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
Right of use assets capitalized	$	1,470,656		$	–

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

5

Simulations Plus, Inc.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

May 31, 2019

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1: GENERAL

This report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended May 31, 2020 should be read in conjunction with the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2019, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on November 13, 2019. As contemplated by the SEC under Article 8 of Regulation S-X, the accompanying consolidated financial statements and footnotes have been condensed and therefore do not contain all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. The interim financial data are unaudited; however, in the opinion of Simulations Plus, Inc. ("we", "our", "us"), the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those to be expected for the full year.

Organization

Simulations Plus, Inc. (“Simulations Plus”, “Lancaster”) was incorporated on July 17, 1996. On September 2, 2014, Simulations Plus, Inc. acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Cognigen Corporation (“Cognigen”, “Buffalo”) and Cognigen became a wholly owned subsidiary of Simulations Plus, Inc. Simulations Plus, Inc., acquired DILIsym Services, Inc. (DILIsym) as a wholly owned subsidiary pursuant to a stock purchase agreement dated May 1, 2017. On June 1, 2017, the Company consummated the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of DILIsym pursuant to the terms of the Stock Agreement, with DILIsym becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. On April 1, 2020, Simulations Plus, Inc. acquired Lixoft, a French société par actions simplifiée (“Lixoft”, “Paris”) as a wholly-owned subsidiary pursuant to a stock purchase and contribution agreement dated March 21, 2020. (Collectively, “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our”).

Lines of Business

The Company designs and develops pharmaceutical simulation software to promote cost-effective solutions to a number of problems in pharmaceutical research and in the education of pharmacy and medical students, and it provides consulting services to the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Recently, the Company has begun to explore developing software applications for defense and for health care outside of the pharmaceutical industry.

NOTE 2: SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Simulations Plus, Inc. and, as of September 2, 2014, its wholly owned subsidiary, Cognigen Corporation, as of June 1, 2017, the accounts of DILIsym Services, Inc., and as of April 1, 2020, Lixoft accounts. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Estimates

Our financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant accounting policies for us include revenue recognition, accounting for capitalized computer software development costs, valuation of stock options, and accounting for income taxes.

Reclassifications

Certain numbers in the prior year have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09 and its related amendments regarding Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (ASC Topic 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard provides principles for recognizing revenue for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers with the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard also provides guidance on the recognition of incremental costs related to obtaining customer contracts. We adopted ASC Topic 606, effective September 1, 2018, utilizing the modified retrospective method. This approach was applied to contracts that were in process as of September 1, 2018, and the corresponding incremental costs of obtaining those contracts, which resulted in a cumulative effect adjustment of $493,279 to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of adoption. The adoption of this ASU primarily impacts the timing of our revenue recognition for certain sales contracts, the capitalization and amortization of incremental costs of obtaining a contract, and related disclosures. The reported results for fiscal year 2019 reflect the application of ASC Topic 606.

6

We generate revenue primarily from the sale of software licenses and providing consulting services to the pharmaceutical industry for drug development.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

i.	Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer
ii.	Identification of the performance obligations in the contract
iii.	Determination of the transaction price
iv.	Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
v.	Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

Deferred Commissions

Sales commissions earned by our sales force and our commissioned sales representatives are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions for new contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit. We determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration our customer contracts, our technology and other factors. Sales commissions for renewal contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over the related contractual renewal period. Amortization expense is included in sales and marketing expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

We apply the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions when the period of benefit would have been one year or less. Most of our contracts are of a duration of one year or less, few, if any of the longer-term contracts have commissions associated with them.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

The Company has elected the following additional practical expedients in applying Topic 606:

· Commission Expense: We apply the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions when the period of benefit is one year or less. Most of our contracts are of a duration of one year or less, few, if any of the longer term contracts have commissions associated with them.

· Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations   ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of May 31, 2020. ASC 606 provides certain practical expedients that limit the requirement to disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations.   The Company applied the practical expedient to not disclose the amount of transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations when the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable

We analyze the age of customer balances, historical bad-debt experience, customer creditworthiness, and changes in customer payment terms when making estimates of the collectability of the Company’s trade accounts receivable balances. If we determine that the financial conditions of any of our customers deteriorated, whether due to customer-specific or general economic issues, an increase in the allowance may be made. Accounts receivable are written off when all collection attempts have failed.

7

Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs

Software development costs are capitalized in accordance with ASC 985-20, “Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed”. Capitalization of software development costs begins upon the establishment of technological feasibility and is discontinued when the product is available for sale.

The establishment of technological feasibility and the ongoing assessment for recoverability of capitalized software development costs require considerable judgment by management with respect to certain external factors including, but not limited to, technological feasibility, anticipated future gross revenues, estimated economic life, and changes in software and hardware technologies. Capitalized software development costs are comprised primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs and the purchase of existing software to be used in our software products.

Amortization of capitalized software development costs is calculated on a product-by-product basis using the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the products (not to exceed five years). Amortization of software development costs amounted to $310,218 and $322,552 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $937,888 and $1,006,339 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We expect future amortization expense to vary due to increases in capitalized computer software development costs.

We test capitalized computer software development costs for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:

Equipment	5 years
Computer equipment	3 to 7 years
Furniture and fixtures	5 to 7 years
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of life of asset or lease

Maintenance and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses on disposals are included in the results of operations.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02—Leases, to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessor have not significantly changed from previous U.S. GAAP. This ASU was effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. We adopted this ASU on September 1, 2019.

We lease various production, administrative and sales offices under operating leases. We evaluate our contracts to determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and classify it as a finance or operating lease. Currently, all our leases are classified as operating leases. Leased assets and corresponding liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Our lease terms may include options to extend when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Costs associated with operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses over the term of the lease. With the adoption of ASC 842 on September 1, 2019, we recognized all leases with terms greater than 12 months in duration on our consolidated balance sheets as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. We adopted the standard using the prospective approach and did not retrospectively apply to prior periods. Right-of-use assets are recorded in long-term assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Current and non-current lease liabilities are recorded as operating lease liabilities within current liabilities and long-term liabilities, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. As part of the adoption of this standard we recorded the following assets and liabilities as of September 1, 2019:

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Right of use assets	$	902,553
Lease Liabilities, Current	$	537,017
Lease Liabilities, Long-term	$	365,536

We have made certain assumptions and judgments when applying ASC 842, the most significant of which are:

· We elected the package of practical expedients available for transition that allow us to not reassess whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease, lease classification for expired or existing leases and whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under ASC 842.

· We did not elect to use hindsight when considering judgments and estimates such as assessments of lessee options   to extend or terminate a lease or purchase the underlying asset.

· For all asset classes, we elected to not recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for short-term leases.

· The determination of the discount rate used in a lease is our estimated incremental borrowing rate that is based on what we would expect to pay to borrow over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows as of May 31, 2020:

Right of use asset	$	1,019,408
Lease Liabilities, Current	$	525,454
Lease Liabilities, Long-term	$	489,463
Operating lease costs	$	438,269
Weighted Average remaining lease term		2.31 years
Weighted Average Discount rate		4.28%

Goodwill and indefinite-lived assets

The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on each acquisition accounted for as a business combination and recognizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair value. Acquired intangible assets include customer relationships, software, trade names, and non-compete agreements. The Company determines the appropriate useful life by performing an analysis of expected cash flows based on historical experience of the acquired businesses. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, which approximates the pattern in which the majority of the economic benefits are expected to be consumed.

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the acquired net assets. Goodwill is not amortized, instead it is tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances change that would indicate that goodwill might be impaired. Events or circumstances that could trigger an impairment review include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, significant changes in the manner of the Company's use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the Company's overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, or significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future results of operations.

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is one level below or the same as an operating segment. As of May 31, 2020, the Company determined that it has four reporting units, Simulations Plus, Cognigen Corporation, DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft. When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform step one of a two-step annual goodwill impairment test for each reporting unit. The Company is required to perform step one only if it concludes that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value. Should this be the case, the first step of the two-step process is to identify whether a potential impairment exists by comparing the estimated fair values of the Company's reporting units with their respective book values, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds book value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired, and no additional steps are necessary. If, however, the fair value of the reporting unit is less than book value, then the second step is performed to determine if goodwill is impaired and to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying amount of the goodwill over its implied fair value. The estimate of implied fair value of goodwill is primarily based on an estimate of the discounted cash flows expected to result from that reporting unit but may require valuations of certain internally generated and unrecognized intangible assets such as the Company's software, technology, patents, and trademarks. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.

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As of May 31, 2020, the entire balance of goodwill was attributed to three of the Company's reporting units, Cognigen Corporation, DILIsym Services, and Lixoft. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. The Company did not recognize any impairment charges, during the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019.

Reconciliation of Goodwill for the period ended May 31, 2020:

	Cognigen		DILIsym		Lixoft		Total
Balance, August 31, 2019	$	4,789,248	$	5,597,950	$	–	$	10,387,198
Addition		–		–		2,404,973		2,404,973
Impairments		–		–		–		–
Balance, May 31, 2020	$	4,789,248	$	5,597,950	$	2,404,973	$	12,792,171

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Balance Sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The categories, as defined by the standard are as follows:

Level Input:	Input Definition:
Level I	Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.
Level II	Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level I, that are observable for the asset or liability through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.
Level III	Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

For certain of our financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued payroll and other expenses, accrued bonus to officer, and accrued warranty and service costs, the amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The following table summarizes fair value measurements at May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

May 31, 2020:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	7,354,496	$	–	$	–	$	7,354,496
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations	$	–	$	–	$	6,370,028	$	6,370,028

August 31, 2019:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,435,499	$	–	$	–	$	11,435,499
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations	$	–	$	–	$	1,761,028	$	1,761,028

As of May 31, 2020, and August 31, 2019, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related to its acquisitions of the DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft. The fair-value measurement of the contingent consideration obligations is determined using Level 3 inputs. The fair value of contingent consideration obligations is based on a discounted cash flow model using a probability-weighted income approach. These fair-value measurements represent Level 3 measurements as they are based on significant inputs not observable in the market. Significant judgment is employed in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent period. Accordingly, changes in assumptions could have a material impact on the amount of contingent consideration expense the Company records in any given period. Changes in the value of the contingent consideration obligations are recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations.

As of May 31, 2020, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related to its acquisitions of DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft:

The following is a reconciliation of contingent consideration value.

Value at August 31, 2019	$	1,761,028
Contingent consideration for Lixoft		4,609,000
Value at May 31, 2020	$	6,370,028

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Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. These costs include salaries, laboratory experiment, and purchased software that was developed by other companies and incorporated into, or used in the development of, our final products.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Income Taxes” which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.

Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The provision for income taxes represents the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Intellectual property

On February 28, 2012, we bought out a royalty agreement with Enslein Research of Rochester, New York. The cost of $75,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $1,875 and was $5,625 for each of the nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020, and 2019. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $61,875 and $56,250, respectively.

On May 15, 2014, we entered into a termination and nonassertion agreement with TSRL, Inc., pursuant to which the parties agreed to terminate an exclusive software licensing agreement entered into between the parties in 1997. As a result, the company obtained a perpetual right to use certain source code and data, and TSRL relinquished any rights and claims to any GastroPlus products and to any claims to royalties or other payments under that 1997 agreement. We agreed to pay TSRL total consideration of $6,000,000, which is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $150,000, and $450,000 for each of the nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $3,625,000 and $3,175,000, respectively.

On June 1, 2017, as part of the acquisition of DILIsym Services, Inc. the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the drug induced liver disease (DILI). These technologies were valued at $2,850,000 and are being amortized over 9 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $79,167 and $237,501, respectively, and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $950,000 and $712,513, respectively.

In September 2018, we purchased certain intellectual property rights of Entelos Holding Company, a Delaware Corporation. The cost of $50,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months and nine months period ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $1,250 and $3,750, respectively. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 was $8,750 and $5,000 respectively.

On April 1, 2020, as part of the acquisition of Lixoft the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the non-linear mixed effed models, population analysis, pharmacometrics and pre-clinical and clinical trial modeling and simulation algorithms. These technologies were valued at $8,030,000 and are being amortized over 16 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the two months from acquisition to May 31, 2020 was $83,644, and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 was $83,644.

Total amortization expense for intellectual property agreements for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $315,936 and $232,292, respectively, and total amortization expense for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $780,520 and $696,876 respectively. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 was $4,729,270 and $3,948,750 as of August 31, 2019.

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Intangible assets

The following table summarizes intangible assets as of May 31, 2020:

	Amortization Period	Acquisition Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net book value
Customer relationships-Cognigen	Straight line 8 years	$	1,100,000	$	790,625	$	309,375
Trade Name-Cognigen	None		500,000		0		500,000
Covenants not to compete-Cognigen	Straight line 5 years		50,000		50,000		0
Covenants not to compete-DILIsym	Straight line 4 years		80,000		60,000		20,000
Trade Name-DILIsym	None		860,000		0		860,000
Customer relationships-DILIsym	Straight line 10 years		1,900,000		570,000		1,330,000
Customer relationships-Lixoft	Straight line 14 years		2,550,000		30,356		2,519,644
Trade Name-Lixoft	None		1,550,000		0		1,550,000
Covenants not to compete-Lixoft	Straight line 4 years		60,000		2,500		57,500
		$	8,650,000	$	1,503,481	$	7,146,519

Amortization expense for each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $119,731 and $293,481 as compared to $89,375 and $268,125, respectively. According to policy, in addition to normal amortization, these assets are tested for impairment as needed.

Earnings per Share

We report earnings per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260-10. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares available. Diluted earnings per share computation is similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. The components of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	5/31/2020		5/31/2019		5/31/2020		5/31/2019
Numerator:
Net income attributable to common shareholders	$	2,935,569	$	2,888,706	$	7,143,925	$	6,524,102
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period		17,735,354		17,519,849		17,661,189		17,472,922
Dilutive effect of stock options		691,518		576,346		672,407		535,414
Common stock and common stock equivalents used for diluted earnings per share		18,426,872		18,096,195		18,333,596		18,008,336

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation costs related to stock options are determined in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”, using the modified prospective method. Under this method, compensation cost is calculated based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, amortized on a straight-line basis over the options’ vesting period. Stock-based compensation was $287,115 and $224,654 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $926,747 and $633,398 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. This expense is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as Selling, General, and Administration (SG&A), and Research and Development expense.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” and ASC 360, “Property and Equipment”. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the expected future undiscounted net cash flows generated by the asset. If we determine that the asset may not be recoverable, or if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, we recognize an impairment charge to the extent of the difference between the fair value and the asset's carrying amount. No impairment losses were recorded during the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019.

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Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which supersedes existing guidance on accounting for leases in "Leases (Topic 840)" and generally requires all leases to be recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018; early adoption is permitted. The provisions of ASU 2016-02 are to be applied using a modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which amends certain aspects of the Board's new revenue standard, ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard was adopted concurrently with the adoption of ASU 2014-09 which is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.

NOTE 3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company adopted Topic 606 effective September 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method applying this guidance to all open contracts at the date of initial application, which resulted in an adjustment to retained earnings for the cumulative effect of applying this guidance. The most significant impact of Topic 606 on revenue to the Company relates to the timing of revenue recognition for one of its payment contracts. Under 606 the revenues under the contract are being recognized as time is expended and costs are being expensed as incurred. Under ASC 605 revenues were recognized as invoiced and certain costs were capitalized as development.

We generate revenue primarily from the sale of software licenses and providing consulting services to the pharmaceutical industry for drug development.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

i.	Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer
ii.	Identification of the performance obligations in the contract
iii.	Determination of the transaction price
iv.	Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
v.	Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

The Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. Contracts generally have fixed pricing terms and are not subject to variable pricing. The Company considers the nature and significance of each specific performance obligation under a contract when allocating the proceeds under each contract. Accounting for contracts includes significant judgement in the estimation of estimated hours/cost to be incurred on consulting contracts, and the di minimis nature of the post sales costs associated with software sales.

Components of revenue

The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates revenue. As part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company must develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the stand-alone selling price for each performance obligation identified in the contract. Stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company separately sells its services or goods.

Revenue Components

Typical payment terms

Software Revenues: Software revenues are generated primarily from sales of software licenses at the time the software is unlocked and the term commences. The license period typically is one year or less. Along with the license a di minimis amount of customer support is provided to assist the customer with the software. Should the customer need more than a di minimis amount of support they can choose to enter into a separate contract for additional training. Most software is installed on our customers' servers and the Company has no control of the software once the sale is made. For certain software arrangements the Company hosts the licenses on servers maintained by the Company, revenue for those arrangements are accounted as Software as a Service over the life of the contract. These arrangements are a small portion of software revenues of the Company.

Payments are generally due upon invoicing on a net 30 basis unless other payment terms are negotiated with the customer based on customer history. Typical industry standards apply.

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Consulting Contracts: Consulting services provided to our customers are generally recognized over time as the contracts are performed and the services are rendered. The company measures its consulting revenue based on time expended compared to total estimated hours to complete a project. The Company believes the methods chosen for its contract revenue best depicts the transfer of benefits to the customer under the contracts.

Payment terms vary, depending on the size of the contract, credit history and history with the client and deliverables within the contract.

Consortium Member Based Services: The performance obligation is recognized on a time elapsed basis, by month, for which the services are provided, as the Company transfers control evenly over the contractual period.

Payment is due at the beginning of the period, generally on a net 30 or 60 basis.

Remaining performance obligations that do not fall under the expedients require the Company to perform various consulting and software development services and consortium memberships of approximately $2,700,000. It is anticipated these revenues will be recognized within the next two and ½ years.

Contract liabilities

During the three months and nine months period ended May 31, 2020 the Company recognized $109,000 and $882,000 of revenue that was included in contract liabilities as of August 31, 2019.

Disaggregation of Revenues

Disaggregation of Revenues:	Three Months Ended May 31, 2020		Nine Months Ended May 31, 2020
Software licenses
Point in time	$	6,622,671	$	16,116,466
Over time		230,047		734,339
Consulting services
Over time		5,445,318		15,198,198
Total Revenue	$	12,298,036	$	32,049,003

NOTE 4: Property and Equipment

Property and equipment as of May 31, 2020 consisted of the following:

Equipment	$	775,767
Computer equipment		510,935
Furniture and fixtures		160,990
Leasehold improvements		114,004
Sub total		1,561,696
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(1,204,912	)
Net Book Value	$	356,784

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NOTE 5: CONTRACTS PAYABLE

DILIsym Acquisition Liabilities:

On June 1, 2017, the Company acquired DILIsym Services, Inc. The agreement provided for a working capital adjustment, an eighteen-month $1,000,000 holdback provision against certain representations and warrantees, and an Earn-out agreement of up to an additional $5,000,000 in Earn-out payments based on earnings over the next three years. The Earn-out liability has been recorded at an estimated fair value. Payments under the Earn-out liability started in FY 2019. In September 2018, $1,556,644 was paid out under the first earn-out payment, a second earn-out payment was made in August 2019 in the amount of $1,682,329. It is estimated that a final payment of approximately $1,761,028 will be paid in August 2020.

Lixoft Acquisition Liabilities:

On April 1, 2020, the Company acquired Lixoft. The agreement provided for a twenty-four month $2,000,000 holdback provision against certain representations and warrantees, comprised of $1,333,333 of cash and the release from an escrow shares of stock valued at $666,337 issued at the date of the Agreement. In addition, based on a revenue growth formula for the two years subsequent to April 1, 2020, the agreement calls for earn-out payments up to $5,500,000 (two thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock). The former shareholders can earn up to $2,000,000 the first year and $3,500,000 in year two.

As of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 the following liabilities have been recorded:

	May 31, 2020		August 31, 2019
Holdback Liability - Lixoft	$	1,333,333	$	–
Earn-out Liability - Lixoft		4,609,000		–
Earn-out Liability - Dilisym		1,761,028		1,761,028
Sub Total	$	7,703,361	$	1,761,028
Less: Current Portion		3,761,028		1,761,028
Long-Term	$	3,942,333	$	–

NOTE 6: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Leases

We lease approximately 13,500 square feet of space in Lancaster, California. The original lease had a five-year term with two, three-year options to extend. The initial five-year term expired in February 2011, and we extended the lease to February 2, 2014. In June 2013, the lease was amended to extend the term to February 2, 2017. The amended lease also provides for an annual base rent increase of 3% per year and two, two-year options to extend. In May 2016 the Company exercised the two, two-year options extending the term of the lease through February 2, 2021 at a fixed rate of $25,000 per month. The new extension agreement allowed the Company with 90 days’ notice to opt out of the remaining lease in the last two years of the term upon payment of a recapture payment equal to the 3% base payment increase that would have been due under the original agreement.

Our Buffalo subsidiary leases approximately 12,623 square feet of space in Buffalo, New York. The initial five-year term expired in October 2018; and was renewed for a three-year option to extending it to October 2021. The new base rent is $16,147 per month.

DILIsym leases approximately 2,700 square feet of space in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The initial three-year term was due to expire October 2020. An amendment to the initial lease became effective April 1, 2020. This amendment added 686 square feet and extended the term of the lease to September 30, 2023. The new base rent is $7,500 per month with an annual 3% adjustment.

In Paris, France Lixoft leases approximately 2,300 square feet of office space, which as of April 1, 2020, had minimum payments equaling $229,843. The lease is for a 9-year term, with an option to terminate every 3 years, and expires in November of 2024. The rent is $16,555 per quarter and can be adjusted each December based on a consumer price index.

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Rent expense, including common area maintenance fees for the three months ended May 31, 2020, and 2019 was $168,381 and $147,581, respectively, and $463,074 and $436,357 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases with remaining terms of one year or more at May 31, 2020 were as follows:

Years Ending May 31,
2021	$	560,554
2022		268,440
2023		174,719
2024		64,118
	$	1,067,831

Line of Credit

On March 31, 2020, Simulations Plus, Inc. entered into a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. The Credit Agreement, has provided Simulations Plus, Inc. with a credit facility of $3,500,000 through April 15, 2022. As of May 31, 2020, there were no amounts drawn against the line of credit.

Employment Agreements

In the normal course of business, the Company has entered into employment agreements with certain of its key management personnel that may require compensation payments upon termination.

License Agreement

The Company had a royalty agreement with Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp. for access to their Metabolite Database for developing our Metabolite Module within ADMET Predictor™. The module was renamed the Metabolism Module when we released ADMET Predictor version 6 on April 19, 2012. Under this agreement, we paid a royalty of 25% of revenue derived from the sale of the Metabolism/Metabolite module. This agreement was recently renegotiated, and the Company does not bear any royalty obligations towards Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp. effective as of June 30, 2019. In addition, the license agreement will terminate on September 5, 2020. We incurred royalty expense (benefit) of ($137,496) and $55,924, respectively, for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and ($26,055) and $147,495 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Income Taxes

We follow guidance issued by the FASB with regard to our accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. Such guidance prescribes a recognition threshold of more likely than not and a measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. In making this assessment, a company must determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, based solely on the technical merits of the position and must assume that the tax position will be examined by taxing authorities. Our policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest and penalties totaled $-0- for fiscal year 2019. We file income tax returns with the IRS and various state jurisdictions, India and France for our Paris division. Our federal income tax returns for fiscal years 2016 through 2018 are open for audit, and our state tax returns for fiscal year 2015 through 2018 remain open for audit. In addition, certain elements of prior tax years, such as R&D credits, may remain open and may be subject to future audit.

Our review of prior year tax positions using the criteria and provisions presented in guidance issued by FASB did not result in a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

Litigation

We are not a party to any legal proceedings and are not aware of any pending legal proceedings of any kind.

NOTE 7: SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividend

The Company’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends during fiscal years 2020 and 2019. The details of the dividends paid are in the following tables:

FY2020
Record Date	Distribution Date	Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		Dividend per Share		Total Amount
10/25/2019	11/01/2019		17,606,314	$	0.06	$	1,056,379
1/27/2020	2/03/2020		17,645,639	$	0.06		1,058,740
4/24/2020	5/01/2020		17,769,134	$	0.06		1,066,148
Total						$	3,181,267

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FY2019
Record Date	Distribution Date	Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		Dividend per Share		Total Amount
11/1/2018	11/08/2018		17,417,875	$	0.06	$	1,045,073
1/25/2019	2/1/2019		17,481,450	$	0.06		1,048,887
4/09/2019	5/01/2019		17,515,228	$	0.06		1,050,914
7/25/2019	8/1/2019		17,536,454	$	0.06		1,052,181
Total						$	4,197,055

Stock Option Plan

On February 23, 2007, the Board of Directors adopted, and the shareholders approved the 2007 Stock Option Plan under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock had been reserved for issuance. On February 25, 2014, the shareholders approved an additional 1,000,000 shares increasing the total number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 2,000,000. This plan terminated in February 2017 by its term.

On December 23, 2016 the Board of Directors adopted, and on February 23, 2017 the shareholders approved, the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock has been reserved for issuance. This plan will terminate in December 2026.

As of May 31, 2020, employees and directors hold stock options to purchase 1,231,491 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $6.75 to $38.81.

The following table summarizes information about stock options:

Transactions in FY20	Number of Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life
Outstanding, August 31, 2019		1,163,259		$	12.63		7.13
Granted		180,000		$	33.83
Exercised		(78,807	)	$	8.46
Cancelled/Forfeited		(32,961	)	$	14.26
Expired		–		$	–
Outstanding, May 31, 2020		1,231,491		$	15.95		6.90
Exercisable, May 31, 2020		625,966		$	10.05		5.78

The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options outstanding issued under the Plan, both Qualified ISO and Non-Qualified SO, was 6.88 years at May 31, 2020. The total fair value of non-vested stock options as of May 31, 2020 was $17,328,000 and is amortizable over a weighted average period of 3.46 years.

The fair value of these options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which do not have vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. Because our stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its stock options.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the options, including both ISOs and NQSOs, granted during the current fiscal year 2020 and fiscal year 2019:

	YTD FY 2020		FY 2019
Estimated fair value of awards granted	$	1,996,200	$	1,928,820
Unvested Forfeiture Rate		0%		6.20%
Weighted average grant price	$	33.83	$	22.78
Weighted average market price	$	33.83	$	22.69
Weighted average volatility		32.27%		31.61%
Weighted average risk-free rate		1.62%		2.59%
Weighted average dividend yield		0.71%		1.10%
Weighted average expected life		6.68 years		6.64 years

The exercise prices for the options outstanding at May 31, 2020 ranged from $6.75 to $38.81, and the information relating to these options is as follows:

Exercise Price				Awards Outstanding						Awards Exercisable
Low		High		Quantity		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Quantity		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life		Weighted Average Exercise Price
$	6.75	$	8.00		180,970		4.27 years	$	6.85		180,970		4.27 years	$	6.85
$	8.01	$	16.00		588,401		6.29 years	$	9.97		387,846		6.21 years	$	9.93
$	16.01	$	24.00		236,870		8.03 years	$	20.69		57,150		7.60 years	$	21.06
$	24.01	$	38.81		225,250		9.43 years	$	33.92		0		–	$	–
					1,231,491		6.90 years	$	15.95		625,966		5.78 years	$	10.05

17

During the three and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020, the Company issued 1,905 and 6,175 shares of stock to non-management directors of the Company valued at $72,483 and $217,382, respectively as compensation for services rendered to the Company.

NOTE 8: CONCENTRATIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, and trade accounts receivable. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents at banks located in California and North Carolina with balances that often exceed FDIC insured limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents. However, considering the current banking environment, the Company is investigating alternative ways to minimize its exposure to such risks. While the Company may be exposed to credit losses due to the nonperformance of its counterparties, the Company does not expect the settlement of these transactions to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition. The Company maintains cash at financial institutions that may, at times, exceed federally insured limits. At May 31, 2020 the Company had cash and cash equivalents exceeding insured limits by approximately $6,300,000.

Revenue concentration shows that international sales accounted for 32% and 36% of net sales for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Three customers accounted for 8%, 7% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), and 7% of net sales during the nine months ended May 31, 2020. Three customers accounted for 9%, 8% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), and 7% of net sales during the nine months ended May 31, 2019.

Accounts receivable concentration shows that seven customers comprised 10% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), 7%, 7%, 7%, 5%, 5% and 5% of accounts receivable at May 31, 2020, compared to five customers comprised 10% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), 9%, 8%, 5% and 5% of accounts receivable at May 31, 2019

We operate in the computer software industry, which is highly competitive and changes rapidly. Our operating results could be significantly affected by our ability to develop new products and find new distribution channels for new and existing products.

The majority of our customers are in the pharmaceutical industry. Consolidation and downsizing in the pharmaceutical industry could have an impact on our revenues and earnings going forward.

NOTE 9: SEGMENT AND Geographic Reporting

We account for segments and geographic revenues in accordance with guidance issued by the FASB. Our reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services.

Results for each segment and consolidated results are as follows for the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands, because of rounding numbers may not foot):

	Three months ended May 31, 2020
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	6,728	$	3,039	$	1,909	$	622	$	–		$	12,298
Income (loss) from operations		2,518		610		414		315		–			3,857
Total assets		57,145		10,730		14,288		19,424		(40,007	)		61,579
Capital expenditures		7		12		13		–		–			32
Capitalized software costs		494		4		32		76		–			606
Depreciation and amortization		430		88		151		119		–			788

18

	Three months ended May 31, 2019
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	6,025	$	2,538	$	1,374	$	–	$	–		$	9,937
Income (loss) from operations		3,044		387		451		–		–			3,882
Total assets		40,130		10,147		12,927		–		(17,702	)		45,502
Capital expenditures		31		8		3		–		–			42
Capitalized software costs		351		27		44		–		–			422
Depreciation and amortization		440		92		146		–		–			678

	Nine months ended May 31, 2020
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	17,559	$	8,176	$	5,692	$	622	$	–		$	32,049
Income (loss) from operations		6,425		926		1,735		315		–			9,401
Total assets		57,145		10,730		14,288		19,424		(40,007	)		61,579
Capital expenditures		24		53		29		–		–			106
Capitalized software costs		1,523		40		93		76		–			1,732
Depreciation and amortization		1,301		263		451		119		–			2,134

	Nine months ended May 31, 2019
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	15,398	$	6,895	$	3,652	$	–	$	–		$	25,945
Income (loss) from operations		6,614		1,093		992		–		–			8,699
Total assets		40,130		10,147		12,927		–		(17,702	)		45,502
Capital expenditures		34		25		16		–		–			75
Capitalized software costs		1,135		93		134		–		–			1,362
Depreciation and amortization		1,366		272		432		–		–			2,070

In addition, the Company allocates revenues to geographic areas based on the locations of its customers. Geographical revenues for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in thousands, because of rounding numbers may not foot):

Three months ended May 31, 2020
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	3,401	$	1,719	$	1,608	$	6,728
Buffalo		3,039		–		–		3,039
North Carolina		1,685		130		94		1,909
Paris		537		85		–		622
Total	$	8,662	$	1,934	$	1,702	$	12,298

Three months ended May 31, 2019
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	2,872	$	1,497	$	1,656	$	6,025
Buffalo		2,538		–		–		2,538
North Carolina		906		363		105		1,374
Total	$	6,316	$	1,860	$	1,761	$	9,937

19

Nine months ended May 31, 2020
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	8,555	$	4,476	$	4,528	$	17,559
Buffalo		8,176		–		–		8,176
North Carolina		4,890		581		221		5,692
Paris		537		85		–		622
Total	$	22,158	$	5,142	$	4,749	$	32,049

Nine months ended May 31, 2019
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	7,059	$	4,207	$	4,132	$	15,398
Buffalo		6,895		–		–		6,895
North Carolina		2,622		550		480		3,652
Total	$	16,576	$	4,757	$	4,612	$	25,945

NOTE 10: EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN

We maintain a 401(K) Plan for all eligible employees, and we make matching contributions equal to 100% of the employee’s elective deferral, not to exceed 4% of total employee compensation. We can also elect to make a profit-sharing contribution. Our contributions to this Plan amounted to $123,549 and $116,839 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $325,220 and $295,777 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively.

NOTE 11: ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH LIXOFT

On March 31, 2020, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase and Contribution Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Lixoft, a French société par actions simplifiée (“Lixoft”). On April 1 2020, the Company consummated the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of Lixoft pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, with Lixoft becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. We believe the combination of Simulations Plus and Lixoft provides substantial future potential based on the complementary strengths of each of the companies.

Under the terms of the Agreement, as described below, the Company will pay the former shareholders of Lixoft total consideration of up to $16,500,000, consisting of two-thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock. In addition, the Company will pay $3,456,029 of excess working capital based on the March 31, 2020 financial statements of Lixoft.

On April 1, 2020, the Company paid the former shareholders of Lixoft a total of $10,789,362, comprised of cash in the amount of $9,460,129 and the issuance of 111,682 shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $3,662,337 (under the terms of the Agreement a price of approximately $32.15 dollars per share was used based upon the volume-weighted average closing price of the Company’s shares of common stock for the 30-consecutive-trading-day period ending two trading days prior to April 1, 2020). The actual stock price at April 1, 2020 was $34.92, so the total value of the stock issued was approximately $3,900,000, of which 9,669 shares are held in an escrow for offset for representations and warrantees. Within three business days following the two-year anniversary of March 31, 2020 (the date of the Agreement) and subject to any offsets for representations and warrantees, the Company will pay the former shareholders of Lixoft a total of $2,000,000, comprised of $1,333,333 of cash and the release from an escrow shares of stock valued at $666,337 issued at the date of the Agreement. The Agreement provides for a two-year market standoff period in which the newly issued shares may not be sold by the recipients thereof.

20

In addition, the agreement calls for earn-out payments up to an additional $5,500,000, two-thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock based on a revenue growth formula each year for the two years subsequent to April 1, 2020. The former shareholders can earn up to $2,000,000 the first year and $3,500,000 in year two. The Earn-out liability has been recorded at fair value.

Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price reflects Lixoft’s tangible and intangible assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the date of the completion of the acquisition (April 1, 2020). The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price for Lixoft:

Assets acquired, Including cash of $3,799,134 and accounts receivable of $629,481	$	4,994,160
Developed Technologies Acquired		8,030,000
Estimated value of Intangibles assets acquired (Customer Lists, trade name etc.)		4,160,000
Estimated Goodwill acquired		2,404,973
Liabilities Assumed		(862,208	)
Total Consideration	$	18,726,925

Goodwill has been provided in the transaction based on estimates of future earnings of this subsidiary including anticipated synergies associated with the positioning of the combined company as a leader in model-based drug development.

Consolidated supplemental Pro Forma information

The following consolidated supplemental pro forma information assumes that the acquisition of Lixoft took place on September 1, 2018 for the income statement for the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020. These amounts have been calculated after applying the Company’s accounting policies and adjusting the results of Lixoft to reflect the same expenses in the three-month period ended May 31, 2019. The adjustments include costs of acquisition, and amortization of intangibles and other technologies acquired during the merger, assuming the fair-value adjustments applied on September 1, 2018, together with consequential tax effects.

	For the three-month period ended				For the nine-month period ended
	May 31, (in 1000’s) (Unaudited)				May 31, (in 1000’s) (Unaudited)
	(Pro forma)*		(Pro forma)		(Pro forma)*		(Pro forma)
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net Sales	$	12,422	$	10,520	$	34,430	$	28,389
Net Income	$	3,565	$	2,860	$	8,442	$	7,076

*Balances include two months actual results for Lixoft.

NOTE 12 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

Dividend Declared

On July 7, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.06 per share to our shareholders. The dividend will be distributed on Monday August 3, 2020, for shareholders of record as of Monday July 27, 2020.

21

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019, we had cash and cash equivalents of $7.35 million and $11.44 million, respectively. We do not hold any investments that are exposed to market risk due to changes in interest rates, which could adversely affect the value of our assets and liabilities. In addition, we do not hold any instruments for trading purposes and investment. Some of our cash and cash equivalents are held in money market accounts; however, they are not exposed to market rate risk.

In the three and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, we sold $1,453,000 and $1,402,000 and $3,800,000 and $3,273,000, respectively, of software through representatives in certain Asian markets in local currencies. As a result, our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows can be affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, particularly fluctuations in the yen and RMB exchange rates. These transactions give rise to receivables that are denominated in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency. The value of these receivables are subject to changes because the receivables may become worth more or less due to changes in currency exchange rates. The majority of our software license agreements are denominated in U.S. dollars. We record foreign gains and losses as they are realized. We mitigate our risk from foreign currency fluctuations by adjusting prices in our foreign markets on a periodic basis. We base these changes on market conditions while working closely with our representatives. We do not hedge currencies or enter into derivative contracts.

22

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 6. Exhibits

EXHIBIT NUMBER	DESCRIPTION
31.1	Section 302 – Certification of the Principal Executive Officer*
31.2	Section 302 – Certification of the Principal Financial Officer*
32	Section 906 – Certification of the Chief Executive Office and Chief Financial Officer**
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

 ________________________

*	Filed herewith
**	Furnished herewith

23

SIGNATURE

In accordance with Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Lancaster, State of California, on July 24, 2020.

		Simulations Plus, Inc.
Date:	July 24, 2020	By: /s/ John R Kneisel
		John R. Kneisel
		Chief Financial Officer

24

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

 RULE 13A-14(A) CERTIFICATION

SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.

a California corporation

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Shawn O’Connor, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A of Simulations Plus, Inc., a California corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its condensed subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 24, 2020

 By: /s/ Shawn O’Connor                      

Shawn O’Connor

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

RULE 13A-14(A) CERTIFICATION

SIMULATIONS PLUS, INC.

a California corporation

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, John R. Kneisel, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A of Simulations Plus, Inc., a California corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its condensed subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Dated: July 24, 2020

By: /s/ John R. Kneisel                      

John R. Kneisel

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32

Exhibit 32

CERTIFICATIONS PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

(18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350)

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Simulations Plus, Inc., a California corporation (the “Company”), on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended May 31, 2020, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Shawn O’Connor, Chief Executive Officer of the Company and John R. Kneisel, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, respectively, do each hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, that to his/her knowledge:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/  Shawn O’Connor                                  

Shawn O’Connor

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

July 24, 2020

/s/  John R. Kneisel                                    

John R. Kneisel

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

July 24, 2020

(A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Simulations Plus, Inc. and will be retained by Simulations Plus, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.)

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	Jul. 22, 2020
Cover [Abstract]
Entity Registrant Name	SIMULATIONS PLUS INC
Entity Central Index Key	0001023459
Document Type	10-Q/A
Document Period End Date	May 31, 2020
Amendment Flag	true
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--08-31
Is Entity's Reporting Status Current?	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Interactive data	Yes
Incorporation state	CA
Entity file number	001-32046
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		17,820,057
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Amendment description	Revise cash flow statement

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) - USD ($)	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 7,354,496	$ 11,435,499
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $25,000 and $0	10,853,452	5,026,558
Revenues in excess of billings	2,838,072	3,233,659
Prepaid income taxes	392,099	765,110
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	745,468	704,316
Total current assets	22,183,587	21,165,142
Long-term assets
Capitalized computer software development costs, net of accumulated amortization of $13,293,943 and $12,356,055	5,754,971	4,959,736
Property and equipment, net (note 4)	356,784	341,145
Operating lease right of use asset	1,019,408	0
Intellectual property, net of accumulated amortization of $4,729,270 and $3,948,750	12,275,730	5,026,249
Other intangible assets net of accumulated amortization of $1,503,481 and $1,210,000	7,146,519	3,280,000
Goodwill	12,792,171	10,387,198
Other assets	49,957	37,227
Total assets	61,579,127	45,196,697
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	663,337	204,075
Accrued payroll and other expenses	2,137,383	1,639,038
Current portion - Contracts payable (note 5)	3,761,028	1,761,028
Billings in excess of revenues	269,232	798,549
Operating lease liability, current portion	525,454	0
Deferred revenue	428,611	380,787
Total current liabilities	7,785,045	4,783,477
Long-term liabilities
Deferred income taxes, net	2,775,398	2,731,616
Operating lease liability	489,463	0
Payments due under Contracts payable (note 5)	3,942,333	0
Total liabilities	14,992,239	7,515,093
Commitments and contingencies (note 6)
Shareholders' equity (note 7)
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value 10,000,000 shares authorized no shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $0.001 par value 50,000,000 shares authorized 17,788,498 and 17,591,834 shares issued and outstanding	7,791	7,595
Additional paid-in capital	20,231,443	15,319,474
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	30,460	0
Retained earnings	26,317,194	22,354,535
Total shareholders' equity	46,586,888	37,681,604
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 61,579,127	$ 45,196,697

XML

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 25,000	$ 0
Accumulated amortization of computer software development costs	$ 13,293,943	$ 12,356,055
Preferred stock par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized	10,000,000	10,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock par value	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock shares authorized	50,000,000	50,000,000
Common stock shares issued	17,788,498	17,591,834
Common stock shares outstanding	17,788,498	17,591,834
Intellectual Property [Member]
Accumulated amortization on intangible assets	$ 4,729,270	$ 3,948,750
Other Intangible Assets
Accumulated amortization on intangible assets	$ 1,503,481	$ 1,210,000

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Income Statement [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 12,298,036	$ 9,936,921	$ 32,049,003	$ 25,944,545
Cost of revenues	2,665,405	2,324,188	7,974,702	6,734,890
Gross margin	9,632,630	7,612,733	24,074,301	19,209,655
Operating expenses
Selling, general, and administrative	5,023,132	3,087,445	12,646,512	8,613,788
Research and development	752,719	643,255	2,026,684	1,896,926
Total operating expenses	5,775,851	3,730,700	14,673,197	10,510,714
Income from operations	3,856,779	3,882,033	9,401,104	8,698,941
Other income (expense)
Interest income	4,465	11,050	27,814	20,296
Interest expense	0	(32,702)	0	(109,078)
Change in value of contingent consideration	(81,000)	0	(81,000)	0
(Loss) income on currency exchange	(602)	(7,941)	1,283	(40,467)
Total other income (expense)	(77,137)	(29,593)	(51,902)	(129,249)
Income before provision for income taxes	3,779,642	3,852,440	9,349,202	8,569,692
Provision for income taxes	(844,073)	(963,734)	(2,205,276)	(2,045,590)
Net Income	$ 2,935,569	$ 2,888,706	$ 7,143,925	$ 6,524,102
Earnings per share
Basic	$ 0.17	$ 0.16	$ 0.40	$ 0.37
Diluted	$ 0.16	$ 0.16	$ 0.39	$ 0.36
Weighted-average common shares outstanding
Basic	17,735,354	17,519,849	17,661,189	17,472,922
Diluted	18,426,872	18,096,195	18,333,596	18,008,336
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$ 30,460	$ 0	$ 30,460	$ 0
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$ 2,966,029	$ 2,888,706	$ 7,174,385	$ 6,524,102

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited) - USD ($)	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Other Comprehensive Income / Loss	Retained Earnings	Total
Beginning balance, shares at Aug. 31, 2018	17,416,445
Beginning balance, value at Aug. 31, 2018	$ 7,417	$ 13,453,668	$ 0	$ 18,461,540	$ 31,922,625
Exercise of stock options, shares	41,103
Exercise of stock options, amount	$ 42	357,410			357,452
Stock-based compensation		200,029			200,029
Shares issued to Directors for services, shares	2,222
Shares issued to Directors for services, value	$ 2	44,904			44,906
Adjustment for adoption of ASC 606				(493,279)	(493,279)
Declaration of dividends				(1,045,073)	(1,045,073)
Net income				1,535,947	1,535,947
Ending balance, shares at Nov. 30, 2018	17,459,770
Ending balance, value at Nov. 30, 2018	$ 7,461	14,056,011	0	18,459,135	32,522,607
Beginning balance, shares at Aug. 31, 2018	17,416,445
Beginning balance, value at Aug. 31, 2018	$ 7,417	13,453,668	0	18,461,540	31,922,625
Foreign currency translation adjustments					0
Net income					6,524,102
Ending balance, shares at May. 31, 2019	17,527,983
Ending balance, value at May. 31, 2019	$ 7,531	14,813,016	0	21,347,489	36,168,036
Beginning balance, shares at Nov. 30, 2018	17,459,770
Beginning balance, value at Nov. 30, 2018	$ 7,461	14,056,011	0	18,459,135	32,522,607
Exercise of stock options, shares	37,680
Exercise of stock options, amount	$ 38	121,912			121,950
Stock-based compensation		208,715			208,715
Shares issued to Directors for services, shares	2,508
Shares issued to Directors for services, value	$ 4	48,954			48,958
Declaration of dividends				(1,048,887)	(1,048,887)
Net income				2,099,449	2,099,449
Ending balance, shares at Feb. 28, 2019	17,499,958
Ending balance, value at Feb. 28, 2019	$ 7,503	14,435,592	0	19,509,697	33,952,792
Exercise of stock options, shares	25,849
Exercise of stock options, amount	$ 26	103,747			103,773
Stock-based compensation		224,654			224,654
Shares issued to Directors for services, shares	2,176
Shares issued to Directors for services, value	$ 2	49,023			49,025
Declaration of dividends				(1,050,914)	(1,050,914)
Foreign currency translation adjustments					0
Net income				2,888,706	2,888,706
Ending balance, shares at May. 31, 2019	17,527,983
Ending balance, value at May. 31, 2019	$ 7,531	14,813,016	0	21,347,489	36,168,036
Exercise of stock options, shares	62,071
Exercise of stock options, amount	$ 62	204,910			204,972
Stock-based compensation		232,450			232,450
Shares issued to Directors for services, shares	1,780
Shares issued to Directors for services, value	$ 2	69,098			69,100
Declaration of dividends				(1,052,181)	(1,052,181)
Net income				2,059,227	2,059,227
Ending balance, shares at Aug. 31, 2019	17,591,834
Ending balance, value at Aug. 31, 2019	$ 7,595	15,319,474	0	22,354,535	37,681,604
Exercise of stock options, shares	29,445
Exercise of stock options, amount	$ 29	135,529			135,558
Stock-based compensation		294,704			294,704
Shares issued to Directors for services, shares	2,045
Shares issued to Directors for services, value	$ 2	72,411			72,413
Declaration of dividends				(1,056,379)	(1,056,379)
Net income				2,058,277	2,058,277
Ending balance, shares at Nov. 30, 2019	17,623,324
Ending balance, value at Nov. 30, 2019	$ 7,626	15,822,118	0	23,356,433	39,186,177
Beginning balance, shares at Aug. 31, 2019	17,591,834
Beginning balance, value at Aug. 31, 2019	$ 7,595	15,319,474	0	22,354,535	37,681,604
Foreign currency translation adjustments					30,460
Net income					7,143,925
Ending balance, shares at May. 31, 2020	17,788,498
Ending balance, value at May. 31, 2020	$ 7,791	20,231,443	30,460	26,317,194	46,586,888
Beginning balance, shares at Nov. 30, 2019	17,623,324
Beginning balance, value at Nov. 30, 2019	$ 7,626	15,822,118	0	23,356,433	39,186,177
Exercise of stock options, shares	22,915
Exercise of stock options, amount	$ 23	167,168			167,191
Stock-based compensation		344,928			344,928
Shares issued to Directors for services, shares	2,225
Shares issued to Directors for services, value	$ 2	72,488			72,490
Declaration of dividends				(1,058,740)	(1,058,740)
Net income				2,150,080	2,150,080
Ending balance, shares at Feb. 29, 2020	17,648,464
Ending balance, value at Feb. 29, 2020	$ 7,651	16,406,702	0	24,447,773	40,862,126
Exercise of stock options, shares	26,447
Exercise of stock options, amount	$ 26	204,581			204,607
Stock-based compensation		287,115			287,115
Shares issued to Directors for services, shares	1,905
Shares issued to Directors for services, value	$ 2	72,483			72,485
Declaration of dividends				(1,066,148)	(1,066,148)
Shares issued - Lixoft, shares	111,682
Shares issued - Lixoft, value	$ 112	3,260,562			3,260,674
Foreign currency translation adjustments			30,460		30,460
Net income				2,935,569	2,935,569
Ending balance, shares at May. 31, 2020	17,788,498
Ending balance, value at May. 31, 2020	$ 7,791	$ 20,231,443	$ 30,460	$ 26,317,194	$ 46,586,888

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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$ 7,143,925	$ 6,524,102
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation and amortization	2,133,676	2,070,583
Change in value of contingent consideration	81,000	109,061
Stock-based compensation	1,144,135	776,287
Deferred income taxes	43,782	(248,526)
(Increase) decrease in
Accounts receivable	(5,268,565)	(2,220,795)
Revenues in excess of billings	395,587	(695,192)
Prepaid income taxes	553,462	312,593
Prepaid expenses and other assets	7,445	76,667
Increase (decrease) in
Accounts payable	324,427	(142,520)
Accrued payroll and other expenses	26,653	257,026
Billings in excess of revenues	(529,317)	114,369
Accrued income taxes	0	434,886
Deferred revenue	47,824	145,406
Net cash provided by operating activities	6,104,034	7,513,947
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchases of property and equipment	(105,784)	(75,861)
Purchases of intellectual property	0	(50,000)
Cash used to acquire subsidiaries	(9,471,352)	0
Cash received in acquisition	3,799,134	0
Capitalized computer software development costs	(1,733,124)	(1,362,329)
Net cash used in investing activities	(7,511,126)	(1,488,190)
Cash flows from financing activities
Payment of dividends	(3,181,267)	(3,144,864)
Payments on contracts payable	0	(2,556,644)
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options	507,356	583,175
Net cash used in financing activities	(2,673,911)	(5,118,333)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(4,081,003)	907,424
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year	11,435,499	9,400,701
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	7,354,496	10,308,125
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Income taxes paid	1,613,868	1,503,740
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
Stock issued for acquisition of Lixoft	3,260,674	0
Creation of contract liabilities for acquisition of subsidiaries	4,528,000	0
Right of use assets capitalized	$ 1,470,656	$ 0

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1. GENERAL

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

GENERAL

NOTE 1: GENERAL

This report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 31, 2020 should be read in conjunction with the Company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2019, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on November 13, 2019. As contemplated by the SEC under Article 8 of Regulation S-X, the accompanying consolidated financial statements and footnotes have been condensed and therefore do not contain all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles. The interim financial data are unaudited; however, in the opinion of Simulations Plus, Inc. ("we", "our", "us"), the interim data includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those to be expected for the full year.

Organization

Simulations Plus, Inc. (“Simulations Plus”, “Lancaster”) was incorporated on July 17, 1996. On September 2, 2014, Simulations Plus, Inc. acquired all of the outstanding equity interests of Cognigen Corporation (“Cognigen”, “Buffalo”) and Cognigen became a wholly owned subsidiary of Simulations Plus, Inc. Simulations Plus, Inc., acquired DILIsym Services, Inc. (DILIsym) as a wholly owned subsidiary pursuant to a stock purchase agreement dated May 1, 2017. On June 1, 2017, the Company consummated the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of DILIsym pursuant to the terms of the Stock Agreement, with DILIsym becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. On April 1, 2020, Simulations Plus, Inc. acquired Lixoft, a French société par actions simplifiée (“Lixoft”, “Paris”) as a wholly-owned subsidiary pursuant to a stock purchase and contribution agreement dated March 21, 2020. (Collectively, “Company”, “we”, “us”, “our”).

Lines of Business

The Company designs and develops pharmaceutical simulation software to promote cost-effective solutions to a number of problems in pharmaceutical research and in the education of pharmacy and medical students, and it provides consulting services to the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Recently, the Company has begun to explore developing software applications for defense and for health care outside of the pharmaceutical industry.

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NOTE 2: SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Simulations Plus, Inc. and, as of September 2, 2014, its wholly owned subsidiary, Cognigen Corporation, as of June 1, 2017, the accounts of DILIsym Services, Inc., and as of April 1, 2020, Lixoft accounts. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Estimates

Our financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant accounting policies for us include revenue recognition, accounting for capitalized computer software development costs, valuation of stock options, and accounting for income taxes.

Reclassifications

Certain numbers in the prior year have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09 and its related amendments regarding Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (ASC Topic 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard provides principles for recognizing revenue for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers with the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard also provides guidance on the recognition of incremental costs related to obtaining customer contracts. We adopted ASC Topic 606, effective September 1, 2018, utilizing the modified retrospective method. This approach was applied to contracts that were in process as of September 1, 2018, and the corresponding incremental costs of obtaining those contracts, which resulted in a cumulative effect adjustment of $493,279 to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of adoption. The adoption of this ASU primarily impacts the timing of our revenue recognition for certain sales contracts, the capitalization and amortization of incremental costs of obtaining a contract, and related disclosures. The reported results for fiscal year 2019 reflect the application of ASC Topic 606.

We generate revenue primarily from the sale of software licenses and providing consulting services to the pharmaceutical industry for drug development.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

i.	Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer
ii.	Identification of the performance obligations in the contract
iii.	Determination of the transaction price
iv.	Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
v.	Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

Deferred Commissions

Sales commissions earned by our sales force and our commissioned sales representatives are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions for new contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit. We determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration our customer contracts, our technology and other factors. Sales commissions for renewal contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over the related contractual renewal period. Amortization expense is included in sales and marketing expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

We apply the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions when the period of benefit would have been one year or less. Most of our contracts are of a duration of one year or less, few, if any of the longer-term contracts have commissions associated with them.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

The Company has elected the following additional practical expedients in applying Topic 606:

· Commission Expense: We apply the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions when the period of benefit is one year or less. Most of our contracts are of a duration of one year or less, few, if any of the longer term contracts have commissions associated with them.

· Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations   ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of May 31, 2020. ASC 606 provides certain practical expedients that limit the requirement to disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations.   The Company applied the practical expedient to not disclose the amount of transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations when the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable

We analyze the age of customer balances, historical bad-debt experience, customer creditworthiness, and changes in customer payment terms when making estimates of the collectability of the Company’s trade accounts receivable balances. If we determine that the financial conditions of any of our customers deteriorated, whether due to customer-specific or general economic issues, an increase in the allowance may be made. Accounts receivable are written off when all collection attempts have failed.

Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs

Software development costs are capitalized in accordance with ASC 985-20, “Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed”. Capitalization of software development costs begins upon the establishment of technological feasibility and is discontinued when the product is available for sale.

The establishment of technological feasibility and the ongoing assessment for recoverability of capitalized software development costs require considerable judgment by management with respect to certain external factors including, but not limited to, technological feasibility, anticipated future gross revenues, estimated economic life, and changes in software and hardware technologies. Capitalized software development costs are comprised primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs and the purchase of existing software to be used in our software products.

Amortization of capitalized software development costs is calculated on a product-by-product basis using the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the products (not to exceed five years). Amortization of software development costs amounted to $310,218 and $322,552 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $937,888 and $1,006,339 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We expect future amortization expense to vary due to increases in capitalized computer software development costs.

We test capitalized computer software development costs for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:

Equipment	5 years
Computer equipment	3 to 7 years
Furniture and fixtures	5 to 7 years
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of life of asset or lease

Maintenance and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses on disposals are included in the results of operations.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02—Leases, to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessor have not significantly changed from previous U.S. GAAP. This ASU was effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. We adopted this ASU on September 1, 2019.

We lease various production, administrative and sales offices under operating leases. We evaluate our contracts to determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and classify it as a finance or operating lease. Currently, all our leases are classified as operating leases. Leased assets and corresponding liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Our lease terms may include options to extend when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Costs associated with operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses over the term of the lease. With the adoption of ASC 842 on September 1, 2019, we recognized all leases with terms greater than 12 months in duration on our consolidated balance sheets as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. We adopted the standard using the prospective approach and did not retrospectively apply to prior periods. Right-of-use assets are recorded in long-term assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Current and non-current lease liabilities are recorded as operating lease liabilities within current liabilities and long-term liabilities, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. As part of the adoption of this standard we recorded the following assets and liabilities as of September 1, 2019:

Right of use assets	$	902,553
Lease Liabilities, Current	$	537,017
Lease Liabilities, Long-term	$	365,536

We have made certain assumptions and judgments when applying ASC 842, the most significant of which are:

· We elected the package of practical expedients available for transition that allow us to not reassess whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease, lease classification for expired or existing leases and whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under ASC 842.

· We did not elect to use hindsight when considering judgments and estimates such as assessments of lessee options   to extend or terminate a lease or purchase the underlying asset.

· For all asset classes, we elected to not recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for short-term leases.

· The determination of the discount rate used in a lease is our estimated incremental borrowing rate that is based on what we would expect to pay to borrow over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows as of May 31, 2020:

Right of use asset	$	1,019,408
Lease Liabilities, Current	$	525,454
Lease Liabilities, Long-term	$	489,463
Operating lease costs	$	438,269
Weighted Average remaining lease term		2.31 years
Weighted Average Discount rate		4.28%

Goodwill and indefinite-lived assets

The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on each acquisition accounted for as a business combination and recognizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair value. Acquired intangible assets include customer relationships, software, trade names, and non-compete agreements. The Company determines the appropriate useful life by performing an analysis of expected cash flows based on historical experience of the acquired businesses. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, which approximates the pattern in which the majority of the economic benefits are expected to be consumed.

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the acquired net assets. Goodwill is not amortized, instead it is tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances change that would indicate that goodwill might be impaired. Events or circumstances that could trigger an impairment review include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, significant changes in the manner of the Company's use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the Company's overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, or significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future results of operations.

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is one level below or the same as an operating segment. As of May 31, 2020, the Company determined that it has four reporting units, Simulations Plus, Cognigen Corporation, DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft. When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform step one of a two-step annual goodwill impairment test for each reporting unit. The Company is required to perform step one only if it concludes that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value. Should this be the case, the first step of the two-step process is to identify whether a potential impairment exists by comparing the estimated fair values of the Company's reporting units with their respective book values, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds book value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired, and no additional steps are necessary. If, however, the fair value of the reporting unit is less than book value, then the second step is performed to determine if goodwill is impaired and to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying amount of the goodwill over its implied fair value. The estimate of implied fair value of goodwill is primarily based on an estimate of the discounted cash flows expected to result from that reporting unit but may require valuations of certain internally generated and unrecognized intangible assets such as the Company's software, technology, patents, and trademarks. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.

As of May 31, 2020, the entire balance of goodwill was attributed to three of the Company's reporting units, Cognigen Corporation, DILIsym Services, and Lixoft. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. The Company did not recognize any impairment charges, during the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019.

Reconciliation of Goodwill for the period ended May 31, 2020:

	Cognigen		DILIsym		Lixoft		Total
Balance, August 31, 2019	$	4,789,248	$	5,597,950	$	–	$	10,387,198
Addition		–		–		2,404,973		2,404,973
Impairments		–		–		–		–
Balance, May 31, 2020	$	4,789,248	$	5,597,950	$	2,404,973	$	12,792,171

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Balance Sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The categories, as defined by the standard are as follows:

Level Input:	Input Definition:
Level I	Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.
Level II	Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level I, that are observable for the asset or liability through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.
Level III	Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

For certain of our financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued payroll and other expenses, accrued bonus to officer, and accrued warranty and service costs, the amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The following table summarizes fair value measurements at May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

May 31, 2020:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	7,354,496	$	–	$	–	$	7,354,496
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations	$	–	$	–	$	6,370,028	$	6,370,028

August 31, 2019:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,435,499	$	–	$	–	$	11,435,499
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations	$	–	$	–	$	1,761,028	$	1,761,028

As of May 31, 2020, and August 31, 2019, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related to its acquisitions of the DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft. The fair-value measurement of the contingent consideration obligations is determined using Level 3 inputs. The fair value of contingent consideration obligations is based on a discounted cash flow model using a probability-weighted income approach. These fair-value measurements represent Level 3 measurements as they are based on significant inputs not observable in the market. Significant judgment is employed in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent period. Accordingly, changes in assumptions could have a material impact on the amount of contingent consideration expense the Company records in any given period. Changes in the value of the contingent consideration obligations are recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations.

As of May 31, 2020, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related to its acquisitions of DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft:

The following is a reconciliation of contingent consideration value.

Value at August 31, 2019	$	1,761,028
Contingent consideration for Lixoft		4,609,000
Value at May 31, 2020	$	6,370,028

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. These costs include salaries, laboratory experiment, and purchased software that was developed by other companies and incorporated into, or used in the development of, our final products.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Income Taxes” which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.

Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The provision for income taxes represents the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Intellectual property

On February 28, 2012, we bought out a royalty agreement with Enslein Research of Rochester, New York. The cost of $75,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $1,875 and was $5,625 for each of the nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020, and 2019. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $61,875 and $56,250, respectively.

On May 15, 2014, we entered into a termination and nonassertion agreement with TSRL, Inc., pursuant to which the parties agreed to terminate an exclusive software licensing agreement entered into between the parties in 1997. As a result, the company obtained a perpetual right to use certain source code and data, and TSRL relinquished any rights and claims to any GastroPlus products and to any claims to royalties or other payments under that 1997 agreement. We agreed to pay TSRL total consideration of $6,000,000, which is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $150,000, and $450,000 for each of the nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $3,625,000 and $3,175,000, respectively.

On June 1, 2017, as part of the acquisition of DILIsym Services, Inc. the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the drug induced liver disease (DILI). These technologies were valued at $2,850,000 and are being amortized over 9 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $79,167 and $237,501, respectively, and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $950,000 and $712,513, respectively.

In September 2018, we purchased certain intellectual property rights of Entelos Holding Company, a Delaware Corporation. The cost of $50,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months and nine months period ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $1,250 and $3,750, respectively. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 was $8,750 and $5,000 respectively.

On April 1, 2020, as part of the acquisition of Lixoft the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the non-linear mixed effed models, population analysis, pharmacometrics and pre-clinical and clinical trial modeling and simulation algorithms. These technologies were valued at $8,030,000 and are being amortized over 16 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the two months from acquisition to May 31, 2020 was $83,644, and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 was $83,644.

Total amortization expense for intellectual property agreements for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $315,936 and $232,292, respectively, and total amortization expense for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $780,520 and $696,876 respectively. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 was $4,729,270 and $3,948,750 as of August 31, 2019.

Intangible assets

The following table summarizes intangible assets as of May 31, 2020:

	Amortization Period	Acquisition Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net book value
Customer relationships-Cognigen	Straight line 8 years	$	1,100,000	$	790,625	$	309,375
Trade Name-Cognigen	None		500,000		0		500,000
Covenants not to compete-Cognigen	Straight line 5 years		50,000		50,000		0
Covenants not to compete-DILIsym	Straight line 4 years		80,000		60,000		20,000
Trade Name-DILIsym	None		860,000		0		860,000
Customer relationships-DILIsym	Straight line 10 years		1,900,000		570,000		1,330,000
Customer relationships-Lixoft	Straight line 14 years		2,550,000		30,356		2,519,644
Trade Name-Lixoft	None		1,550,000		0		1,550,000
Covenants not to compete-Lixoft	Straight line 4 years		60,000		2,500		57,500
		$	8,650,000	$	1,503,481	$	7,146,519

Amortization expense for each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $119,731 and $293,481 as compared to $89,375 and $268,125, respectively. According to policy, in addition to normal amortization, these assets are tested for impairment as needed.

Earnings per Share

We report earnings per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260-10. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares available. Diluted earnings per share computation is similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. The components of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	5/31/2020		5/31/2019		5/31/2020		5/31/2019
Numerator:
Net income attributable to common shareholders	$	2,935,569	$	2,888,706	$	7,143,925	$	6,524,102
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period		17,735,354		17,519,849		17,661,189		17,472,922
Dilutive effect of stock options		691,518		576,346		672,407		535,414
Common stock and common stock equivalents used for diluted earnings per share		18,426,872		18,096,195		18,333,596		18,008,336

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation costs related to stock options are determined in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”, using the modified prospective method. Under this method, compensation cost is calculated based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, amortized on a straight-line basis over the options’ vesting period. Stock-based compensation was $287,115 and $224,654 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $926,747 and $633,398 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. This expense is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as Selling, General, and Administration (SG&A), and Research and Development expense.

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” and ASC 360, “Property and Equipment”. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the expected future undiscounted net cash flows generated by the asset. If we determine that the asset may not be recoverable, or if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, we recognize an impairment charge to the extent of the difference between the fair value and the asset's carrying amount. No impairment losses were recorded during the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which supersedes existing guidance on accounting for leases in "Leases (Topic 840)" and generally requires all leases to be recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018; early adoption is permitted. The provisions of ASU 2016-02 are to be applied using a modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which amends certain aspects of the Board's new revenue standard, ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard was adopted concurrently with the adoption of ASU 2014-09 which is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.

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3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

REVENUE RECOGNITION

NOTE 3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company adopted Topic 606 effective September 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method applying this guidance to all open contracts at the date of initial application, which resulted in an adjustment to retained earnings for the cumulative effect of applying this guidance. The most significant impact of Topic 606 on revenue to the Company relates to the timing of revenue recognition for one of its payment contracts. Under 606 the revenues under the contract are being recognized as time is expended and costs are being expensed as incurred. Under ASC 605 revenues were recognized as invoiced and certain costs were capitalized as development.

We generate revenue primarily from the sale of software licenses and providing consulting services to the pharmaceutical industry for drug development.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

i.	Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer
ii.	Identification of the performance obligations in the contract
iii.	Determination of the transaction price
iv.	Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
v.	Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

The Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. Contracts generally have fixed pricing terms and are not subject to variable pricing. The Company considers the nature and significance of each specific performance obligation under a contract when allocating the proceeds under each contract. Accounting for contracts includes significant judgement in the estimation of estimated hours/cost to be incurred on consulting contracts, and the di minimis nature of the post sales costs associated with software sales.

Components of revenue

The following is a description of principal activities from which the Company generates revenue. As part of the accounting for these arrangements, the Company must develop assumptions that require judgment to determine the stand-alone selling price for each performance obligation identified in the contract. Stand-alone selling prices are determined based on the prices at which the Company separately sells its services or goods.

Revenue Components

Typical payment terms

Software Revenues: Software revenues are generated primarily from sales of software licenses at the time the software is unlocked and the term commences. The license period typically is one year or less. Along with the license a di minimis amount of customer support is provided to assist the customer with the software. Should the customer need more than a di minimis amount of support they can choose to enter into a separate contract for additional training. Most software is installed on our customers servers and the Company has no control of the software once the sale is made. For certain software arrangements the Company hosts the licenses on servers maintained by the Company, revenue for those arrangements are accounted as Software as a Service over the life of the contract. These arrangements are a small portion of software revenues of the Company.

Payments are generally due upon invoicing on a net 30 basis unless other payment terms are negotiated with the customer based on customer history. Typical industry standards apply.

Consulting Contracts: Consulting services provided to our customers are generally recognized over time as the contracts are performed and the services are rendered. The company measures its consulting revenue based on time expended compared to total estimated hours to complete a project. The Company believes the methods chosen for its contract revenue best depicts the transfer of benefits to the customer under the contracts.

Payment terms vary, depending on the size of the contract, credit history and history with the client and deliverables within the contract.

Consortium Member Based Services: The performance obligation is recognized on a time elapsed basis, by month, for which the services are provided, as the Company transfers control evenly over the contractual period.

Payment is due at the beginning of the period, generally on a net 30 or 60 basis.

Remaining performance obligations that do not fall under the expedients require the Company to perform various consulting and software development services and consortium memberships of approximately $2,700,000. It is anticipated these revenues will be recognized within the next two and ½ years.

Contract liabilities

During the three months and nine months period ended May 31, 2020 the Company recognized $109,000 and $882,000 of revenue that was included in contract liabilities as of August 31, 2019.

Disaggregation of Revenues

Disaggregation of Revenues:	Three Months Ended May 31, 2020		Nine Months Ended May 31, 2020
Software licenses
Point in time	$	6,622,671	$	16,116,466
Over time		230,047		734,339
Consulting services
Over time		5,445,318		15,198,198
Total Revenue	$	12,298,036	$	32,049,003

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4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

NOTE 4: Property and Equipment

Property and equipment as of May 31, 2020 consisted of the following:

Equipment	$	775,767
Computer equipment		510,935
Furniture and fixtures		160,990
Leasehold improvements		114,004
Sub total		1,561,696
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(1,204,912	)
Net Book Value	$	356,784

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5. CONTRACTS PAYABLE

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

CONTRACTS PAYABLE

NOTE 5: CONTRACTS PAYABLE

DILIsym Acquisition Liabilities:

On June 1, 2017, the Company acquired DILIsym Services, Inc. The agreement provided for a working capital adjustment, an eighteen-month $1,000,000 holdback provision against certain representations and warrantees, and an Earn-out agreement of up to an additional $5,000,000 in Earn-out payments based on earnings over the next three years. The Earn-out liability has been recorded at an estimated fair value. Payments under the Earn-out liability started in FY 2019. In September 2018, $1,556,644 was paid out under the first earn-out payment, a second earn-out payment was made in August 2019 in the amount of $1,682,329. It is estimated that a final payment of approximately $1,761,028 will be paid in August 2020.

Lixoft Acquisition Liabilities:

On April 1, 2020, the Company acquired Lixoft. The agreement provided for a twenty-four month $2,000,000 holdback provision against certain representations and warrantees, comprised of $1,333,333 of cash and the release from an escrow shares of stock valued at $666,337 issued at the date of the Agreement. In addition, based on a revenue growth formula for the two years subsequent to April 1, 2020, the agreement calls for earn-out payments up to $5,500,000 (two thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock). The former shareholders can earn up to $2,000,000 the first year and $3,500,000 in year two.

As of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 the following liabilities have been recorded:

	May 31, 2020		August 31, 2019
Holdback Liability - Lixoft	$	1,333,333	$	–
Earn-out Liability - Lixoft		4,609,000		–
Earn-out Liability - Dilisym		1,761,028		1,761,028
Sub Total	$	7,703,361	$	1,761,028
Less: Current Portion		3,761,028		1,761,028
Long-Term	$	3,942,333	$	–

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6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

NOTE 6: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Leases

We lease approximately 13,500 square feet of space in Lancaster, California. The original lease had a five-year term with two, three-year options to extend. The initial five-year term expired in February 2011, and we extended the lease to February 2, 2014. In June 2013, the lease was amended to extend the term to February 2, 2017. The amended lease also provides for an annual base rent increase of 3% per year and two, two-year options to extend. In May 2016 the Company exercised the two, two-year options extending the term of the lease through February 2, 2021 at a fixed rate of $25,000 per month. The new extension agreement allowed the Company with 90 days’ notice to opt out of the remaining lease in the last two years of the term upon payment of a recapture payment equal to the 3% base payment increase that would have been due under the original agreement.

Our Buffalo subsidiary leases approximately 12,623 square feet of space in Buffalo, New York. The initial five-year term expired in October 2018; and was renewed for a three-year option to extending it to October 2021. The new base rent is $16,147 per month.

DILIsym leases approximately 2,700 square feet of space in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. The initial three-year term was due to expire October 2020. An amendment to the initial lease became effective April 1, 2020. This amendment added 686 square feet and extended the term of the lease to September 30, 2023. The new base rent is $7,500 per month with an annual 3% adjustment.

In Paris, France Lixoft leases approximately 2,300 square feet of office space, which as of April 1, 2020, had minimum payments equaling $229,843. The lease is for a 9-year term, with an option to terminate every 3 years, and expires in November of 2024. The rent is $16,555 per quarter and can be adjusted each December based on a consumer price index.

Rent expense, including common area maintenance fees for the three months ended May 31, 2020, and 2019 was $168,381 and $147,581, respectively, and $463,074 and $436,357 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases with remaining terms of one year or more at May 31, 2020 were as follows:

Years Ending May 31,
2021	$	560,554
2022		268,440
2023		174,719
2024		64,118
	$	1,067,831

Line of Credit

On March 31, 2020, Simulations Plus, Inc. entered into a Credit Agreement with Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. The Credit Agreement, has provided Simulations Plus, Inc. with a credit facility of $3,500,000 through April 15, 2022. As of May 31, 2020, there were no amounts drawn against the line of credit.

Employment Agreements

In the normal course of business, the Company has entered into employment agreements with certain of its key management personnel that may require compensation payments upon termination.

License Agreement

The Company had a royalty agreement with Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp. for access to their Metabolite Database for developing our Metabolite Module within ADMET Predictor™. The module was renamed the Metabolism Module when we released ADMET Predictor version 6 on April 19, 2012. Under this agreement, we paid a royalty of 25% of revenue derived from the sale of the Metabolism/Metabolite module. This agreement was recently renegotiated, and the Company does not bear any royalty obligations towards Dassault Systèmes Americas Corp. effective as of June 30, 2019. In addition, the license agreement will terminate on September 5, 2020. We incurred royalty expense (benefit) of ($137,496) and $55,924, respectively, for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and ($26,055) and $147,495 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Income Taxes

We follow guidance issued by the FASB with regard to our accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements. Such guidance prescribes a recognition threshold of more likely than not and a measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. In making this assessment, a company must determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, based solely on the technical merits of the position and must assume that the tax position will be examined by taxing authorities. Our policy is to include interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Interest and penalties totaled $-0- for fiscal year 2019. We file income tax returns with the IRS and various state jurisdictions, India and France for our Paris division. Our federal income tax returns for fiscal years 2016 through 2018 are open for audit, and our state tax returns for fiscal year 2015 through 2018 remain open for audit. In addition, certain elements of prior tax years, such as R&D credits, may remain open and may be subject to future audit.

Our review of prior year tax positions using the criteria and provisions presented in guidance issued by FASB did not result in a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

Litigation

We are not a party to any legal proceedings and are not aware of any pending legal proceedings of any kind.

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7. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Equity [Abstract]

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

NOTE 7: SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividend

The Company’s Board of Directors declared cash dividends during fiscal years 2020 and 2019. The details of the dividends paid are in the following tables:

FY2020
Record Date	Distribution Date	Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		Dividend per Share		Total Amount
10/25/2019	11/01/2019		17,606,314	$	0.06	$	1,056,379
1/27/2020	2/03/2020		17,645,639	$	0.06		1,058,740
4/24/2020	5/01/2020		17,769,134	$	0.06		1,066,148
Total						$	3,181,267

FY2019
Record Date	Distribution Date	Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		Dividend per Share		Total Amount
11/1/2018	11/08/2018		17,417,875	$	0.06	$	1,045,073
1/25/2019	2/1/2019		17,481,450	$	0.06		1,048,887
4/09/2019	5/01/2019		17,515,228	$	0.06		1,050,914
7/25/2019	8/1/2019		17,536,454	$	0.06		1,052,181
Total						$	4,197,055

Stock Option Plan

On February 23, 2007, the Board of Directors adopted, and the shareholders approved the 2007 Stock Option Plan under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock had been reserved for issuance. On February 25, 2014, the shareholders approved an additional 1,000,000 shares increasing the total number of shares that may be granted under the Option Plan to 2,000,000. This plan terminated in February 2017 by its term.

On December 23, 2016 the Board of Directors adopted, and on February 23, 2017 the shareholders approved, the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan under which a total of 1,000,000 shares of common stock has been reserved for issuance. This plan will terminate in December 2026.

As of May 31, 2020, employees and directors hold stock options to purchase 1,231,491 shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $6.75 to $38.81.

The following table summarizes information about stock options:

Transactions in FY20	Number of Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life
Outstanding, August 31, 2019		1,163,259		$	12.63		7.13
Granted		180,000		$	33.83
Exercised		(78,807	)	$	8.46
Cancelled/Forfeited		(32,961	)	$	14.26
Expired		–		$	–
Outstanding, May 31, 2020		1,231,491		$	15.95		6.90
Exercisable, May 31, 2020		625,966		$	10.05		5.78

The weighted-average remaining contractual life of options outstanding issued under the Plan, both Qualified ISO and Non-Qualified SO, was 6.88 years at May 31, 2020. The total fair value of non-vested stock options as of May 31, 2020 was $17,328,000 and is amortizable over a weighted average period of 3.46 years.

The fair value of these options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Black-Scholes option valuation model was developed for use in estimating the fair value of traded options, which do not have vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility. Because our stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options, and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, in management's opinion, the existing models do not necessarily provide a reliable single measure of the fair value of its stock options.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the options, including both ISOs and NQSOs, granted during the current fiscal year 2020 and fiscal year 2019:

	YTD FY 2020		FY 2019
Estimated fair value of awards granted	$	1,996,200	$	1,928,820
Unvested Forfeiture Rate		0%		6.20%
Weighted average grant price	$	33.83	$	22.78
Weighted average market price	$	33.83	$	22.69
Weighted average volatility		32.27%		31.61%
Weighted average risk-free rate		1.62%		2.59%
Weighted average dividend yield		0.71%		1.10%
Weighted average expected life		6.68 years		6.64 years

The exercise prices for the options outstanding at May 31, 2020 ranged from $6.75 to $38.81, and the information relating to these options is as follows:

Exercise Price				Awards Outstanding						Awards Exercisable
Low		High		Quantity		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Quantity		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life		Weighted Average Exercise Price
$	6.75	$	8.00		180,970		4.27 years	$	6.85		180,970		4.27 years	$	6.85
$	8.01	$	16.00		588,401		6.29 years	$	9.97		387,846		6.21 years	$	9.93
$	16.01	$	24.00		236,870		8.03 years	$	20.69		57,150		7.60 years	$	21.06
$	24.01	$	38.81		225,250		9.43 years	$	33.92		0		–	$	–
					1,231,491		6.90 years	$	15.95		625,966		5.78 years	$	10.05

During the three and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020, the Company issued 1,905 and 6,175 shares of stock to non-management directors of the Company valued at $72,483 and $217,382, respectively as compensation for services rendered to the Company.

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8. CONCENTRATIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract]

CONCENTRATIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES

NOTE 8: CONCENTRATIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, and trade accounts receivable. The Company holds cash and cash equivalents at banks located in California and North Carolina with balances that often exceed FDIC insured limits. Historically, the Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash and cash equivalents. However, considering the current banking environment, the Company is investigating alternative ways to minimize its exposure to such risks. While the Company may be exposed to credit losses due to the nonperformance of its counterparties, the Company does not expect the settlement of these transactions to have a material effect on its results of operations, cash flows, or financial condition. The Company maintains cash at financial institutions that may, at times, exceed federally insured limits. At May 31, 2020 the Company had cash and cash equivalents exceeding insured limits by approximately $6,300,000.

Revenue concentration shows that international sales accounted for 32% and 36% of net sales for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Three customers accounted for 8%, 7% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), and 7% of net sales during the nine months ended May 31, 2020. Three customers accounted for 9%, 8% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), and 7% of net sales during the nine months ended May 31, 2019.

Accounts receivable concentration shows that seven customers comprised 10% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), 7%, 7%, 7%, 5%, 5% and 5% of accounts receivable at May 31, 2020, compared to five customers comprised 10% (a dealer account in Japan representing various customers), 9%, 8%, 5% and 5% of accounts receivable at May 31, 2019

We operate in the computer software industry, which is highly competitive and changes rapidly. Our operating results could be significantly affected by our ability to develop new products and find new distribution channels for new and existing products.

The majority of our customers are in the pharmaceutical industry. Consolidation and downsizing in the pharmaceutical industry could have an impact on our revenues and earnings going forward.

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9. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC REPORTING

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Segments, Geographical Areas [Abstract]

SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC REPORTING

NOTE 9: SEGMENT AND Geographic Reporting

We account for segments and geographic revenues in accordance with guidance issued by the FASB. Our reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products and services.

Results for each segment and consolidated results are as follows for the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands, because of rounding numbers may not foot):

	Three months ended May 31, 2020
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	6,728	$	3,039	$	1,909	$	622	$	–		$	12,298
Income (loss) from operations		2,518		610		414		315		–			3,857
Total assets		57,145		10,730		14,288		19,424		(40,007	)		61,579
Capital expenditures		7		12		13		–		–			32
Capitalized software costs		494		4		32		76		–			606
Depreciation and amortization		430		88		151		119		–			788

	Three months ended May 31, 2019
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	6,025	$	2,538	$	1,374	$	–	$	–		$	9,937
Income (loss) from operations		3,044		387		451		–		–			3,882
Total assets		40,130		10,147		12,927		–		(17,702	)		45,502
Capital expenditures		31		8		3		–		–			42
Capitalized software costs		351		27		44		–		–			422
Depreciation and amortization		440		92		146		–		–			678

	Nine months ended May 31, 2020
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	17,559	$	8,176	$	5,692	$	622	$	–		$	32,049
Income (loss) from operations		6,425		926		1,735		315		–			9,401
Total assets		57,145		10,730		14,288		19,424		(40,007	)		61,579
Capital expenditures		24		53		29		–		–			106
Capitalized software costs		1,523		40		93		76		–			1,732
Depreciation and amortization		1,301		263		451		119		–			2,134

	Nine months ended May 31, 2019
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	15,398	$	6,895	$	3,652	$	–	$	–		$	25,945
Income (loss) from operations		6,614		1,093		992		–		–			8,699
Total assets		40,130		10,147		12,927		–		(17,702	)		45,502
Capital expenditures		34		25		16		–		–			75
Capitalized software costs		1,135		93		134		–		–			1,362
Depreciation and amortization		1,366		272		432		–		–			2,070

In addition, the Company allocates revenues to geographic areas based on the locations of its customers. Geographical revenues for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in thousands, because of rounding numbers may not foot):

Three months ended May 31, 2020
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	3,401	$	1,719	$	1,608	$	6,728
Buffalo		3,039		–		–		3,039
North Carolina		1,685		130		94		1,909
Paris		537		85		–		622
Total	$	8,662	$	1,934	$	1,702	$	12,298

Three months ended May 31, 2019
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	2,872	$	1,497	$	1,656	$	6,025
Buffalo		2,538		–		–		2,538
North Carolina		906		363		105		1,374
Total	$	6,316	$	1,860	$	1,761	$	9,937

Nine months ended May 31, 2020
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	8,555	$	4,476	$	4,528	$	17,559
Buffalo		8,176		–		–		8,176
North Carolina		4,890		581		221		5,692
Paris		537		85		–		622
Total	$	22,158	$	5,142	$	4,749	$	32,049

Nine months ended May 31, 2019
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	7,059	$	4,207	$	4,132	$	15,398
Buffalo		6,895		–		–		6,895
North Carolina		2,622		550		480		3,652
Total	$	16,576	$	4,757	$	4,612	$	25,945

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10. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN

NOTE 10: EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN

We maintain a 401(K) Plan for all eligible employees, and we make matching contributions equal to 100% of the employee’s elective deferral, not to exceed 4% of total employee compensation. We can also elect to make a profit-sharing contribution. Our contributions to this Plan amounted to $123,549 and $116,839 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $325,220 and $295,777 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 respectively.

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11. ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH LIXOFT

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Business Combinations [Abstract]

ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH LIXOFT

NOTE 11: ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH LIXOFT

On March 31, 2020, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase and Contribution Agreement (the “Agreement”) with Lixoft, a French société par actions simplifiée (“Lixoft”). On April 1 2020, the Company consummated the acquisition of all outstanding equity interests of Lixoft pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, with Lixoft becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. We believe the combination of Simulations Plus and Lixoft provides substantial future potential based on the complementary strengths of each of the companies.

Under the terms of the Agreement, as described below, the Company will pay the former shareholders of Lixoft total consideration of up to $16,500,000, consisting of two-thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock. In addition, the Company will pay $3,456,029 of excess working capital based on the March 31, 2020 financial statements of Lixoft.

On April 1, 2020, the Company paid the former shareholders of Lixoft a total of $10,789,362, comprised of cash in the amount of $9,460,129 and the issuance of 111,682 shares of the Company’s common stock valued at $3,662,337 (under the terms of the Agreement a price of approximately $32.15 dollars per share was used based upon the volume-weighted average closing price of the Company’s shares of common stock for the 30-consecutive-trading-day period ending two trading days prior to April 1, 2020). The actual stock price at April 1, 2020 was $34.92, so the total value of the stock issued was approximately $3,900,000, of which 9,669 shares are held in an escrow for offset for representations and warrantees. Within three business days following the two-year anniversary of March 31, 2020 (the date of the Agreement) and subject to any offsets for representations and warrantees, the Company will pay the former shareholders of Lixoft a total of $2,000,000, comprised of $1,333,333 of cash and the release from an escrow shares of stock valued at $666,337 issued at the date of the Agreement. The Agreement provides for a two-year market standoff period in which the newly issued shares may not be sold by the recipients thereof.

In addition, the agreement calls for earn-out payments up to an additional $5,500,000, two-thirds cash and one-third newly issued, unregistered shares of the Company’s common stock based on a revenue growth formula each year for the two years subsequent to April 1, 2020. The former shareholders can earn up to $2,000,000 the first year and $3,500,000 in year two. The Earn-out liability has been recorded at fair value.

Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price reflects Lixoft’s tangible and intangible assets and liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the date of the completion of the acquisition (April 1, 2020). The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price for Lixoft:

Assets acquired, Including cash of $3,799,134 and accounts receivable of $629,481	$	4,994,160
Developed Technologies Acquired		8,030,000
Estimated value of Intangibles assets acquired (Customer Lists, trade name etc.)		4,160,000
Estimated Goodwill acquired		2,404,973
Liabilities Assumed		(862,208	)
Total Consideration	$	18,726,925

Goodwill has been provided in the transaction based on estimates of future earnings of this subsidiary including anticipated synergies associated with the positioning of the combined company as a leader in model-based drug development.

Consolidated supplemental Pro Forma information

The following consolidated supplemental pro forma information assumes that the acquisition of Lixoft took place on September 1, 2018 for the income statement for the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020. These amounts have been calculated after applying the Company’s accounting policies and adjusting the results of Lixoft to reflect the same expenses in the three-month period ended May 31, 2019. The adjustments include costs of acquisition, and amortization of intangibles and other technologies acquired during the merger, assuming the fair-value adjustments applied on September 1, 2018, together with consequential tax effects.

	For the three-month period ended				For the nine-month period ended
	May 31, (in 1000’s) (Unaudited)				May 31, (in 1000’s) (Unaudited)
	(Pro forma)*		(Pro forma)		(Pro forma)*		(Pro forma)
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net Sales	$	12,422	$	10,520	$	34,430	$	28,389
Net Income	$	3,565	$	2,860	$	8,442	$	7,076

*Balances include two months actual results for Lixoft.

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12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

NOTE 12 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS:

Dividend Declared

On July 7, 2020, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.06 per share to our shareholders. The dividend will be distributed on Monday August 3, 2020, for shareholders of record as of Monday July 27, 2020.

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2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Simulations Plus, Inc. and, as of September 2, 2014, its wholly owned subsidiary, Cognigen Corporation, as of June 1, 2017, the accounts of DILIsym Services, Inc., and as of April 1, 2020, Lixoft accounts. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Estimates

Estimates

Our financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant accounting policies for us include revenue recognition, accounting for capitalized computer software development costs, valuation of stock options, and accounting for income taxes.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications

Certain numbers in the prior year have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-09 and its related amendments regarding Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 (ASC Topic 606), Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard provides principles for recognizing revenue for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers with the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard also provides guidance on the recognition of incremental costs related to obtaining customer contracts. We adopted ASC Topic 606, effective September 1, 2018, utilizing the modified retrospective method. This approach was applied to contracts that were in process as of September 1, 2018, and the corresponding incremental costs of obtaining those contracts, which resulted in a cumulative effect adjustment of $493,279 to the opening balance of retained earnings at the date of adoption. The adoption of this ASU primarily impacts the timing of our revenue recognition for certain sales contracts, the capitalization and amortization of incremental costs of obtaining a contract, and related disclosures. The reported results for fiscal year 2019 reflect the application of ASC Topic 606.

We generate revenue primarily from the sale of software licenses and providing consulting services to the pharmaceutical industry for drug development.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps:

i.	Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer
ii.	Identification of the performance obligations in the contract
iii.	Determination of the transaction price
iv.	Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
v.	Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation

Deferred Commissions

Sales commissions earned by our sales force and our commissioned sales representatives are considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. Sales commissions for new contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over a period of benefit. We determined the period of benefit by taking into consideration our customer contracts, our technology and other factors. Sales commissions for renewal contracts are deferred and then amortized on a straight-line basis over the related contractual renewal period. Amortization expense is included in sales and marketing expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

We apply the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions when the period of benefit would have been one year or less. Most of our contracts are of a duration of one year or less, few, if any of the longer-term contracts have commissions associated with them.

Practical Expedients and Exemptions

The Company has elected the following additional practical expedients in applying Topic 606:

· Commission Expense: We apply the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 to expense costs as incurred for sales commissions when the period of benefit is one year or less. Most of our contracts are of a duration of one year or less, few, if any of the longer term contracts have commissions associated with them.

· Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations   ASC 606 requires that the Company disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of May 31, 2020. ASC 606 provides certain practical expedients that limit the requirement to disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations.   The Company applied the practical expedient to not disclose the amount of transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations when the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable

We analyze the age of customer balances, historical bad-debt experience, customer creditworthiness, and changes in customer payment terms when making estimates of the collectability of the Company’s trade accounts receivable balances. If we determine that the financial conditions of any of our customers deteriorated, whether due to customer-specific or general economic issues, an increase in the allowance may be made. Accounts receivable are written off when all collection attempts have failed.

Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs

Capitalized Computer Software Development Costs

Software development costs are capitalized in accordance with ASC 985-20, “Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Marketed”. Capitalization of software development costs begins upon the establishment of technological feasibility and is discontinued when the product is available for sale.

The establishment of technological feasibility and the ongoing assessment for recoverability of capitalized software development costs require considerable judgment by management with respect to certain external factors including, but not limited to, technological feasibility, anticipated future gross revenues, estimated economic life, and changes in software and hardware technologies. Capitalized software development costs are comprised primarily of salaries and direct payroll-related costs and the purchase of existing software to be used in our software products.

Amortization of capitalized software development costs is calculated on a product-by-product basis using the straight-line method over the estimated economic life of the products (not to exceed five years). Amortization of software development costs amounted to $310,218 and $322,552 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $937,888 and $1,006,339 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We expect future amortization expense to vary due to increases in capitalized computer software development costs.

We test capitalized computer software development costs for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:

Equipment	5 years
Computer equipment	3 to 7 years
Furniture and fixtures	5 to 7 years
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of life of asset or lease

Maintenance and minor replacements are charged to expense as incurred. Gains and losses on disposals are included in the results of operations.

Leases

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02—Leases, to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. A lessee should recognize in the statement of financial position a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term. The recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessor have not significantly changed from previous U.S. GAAP. This ASU was effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. We adopted this ASU on September 1, 2019.

We lease various production, administrative and sales offices under operating leases. We evaluate our contracts to determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and classify it as a finance or operating lease. Currently, all our leases are classified as operating leases. Leased assets and corresponding liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. Our lease terms may include options to extend when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Costs associated with operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis within operating expenses over the term of the lease. With the adoption of ASC 842 on September 1, 2019, we recognized all leases with terms greater than 12 months in duration on our consolidated balance sheets as right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. We adopted the standard using the prospective approach and did not retrospectively apply to prior periods. Right-of-use assets are recorded in long-term assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Current and non-current lease liabilities are recorded as operating lease liabilities within current liabilities and long-term liabilities, respectively, on our consolidated balance sheets. As part of the adoption of this standard we recorded the following assets and liabilities as of September 1, 2019:

Right of use assets	$	902,553
Lease Liabilities, Current	$	537,017
Lease Liabilities, Long-term	$	365,536

We have made certain assumptions and judgments when applying ASC 842, the most significant of which are:

· We elected the package of practical expedients available for transition that allow us to not reassess whether expired or existing contracts contain leases under the new definition of a lease, lease classification for expired or existing leases and whether previously capitalized initial direct costs would qualify for capitalization under ASC 842.

· We did not elect to use hindsight when considering judgments and estimates such as assessments of lessee options   to extend or terminate a lease or purchase the underlying asset.

· For all asset classes, we elected to not recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for short-term leases.

· The determination of the discount rate used in a lease is our estimated incremental borrowing rate that is based on what we would expect to pay to borrow over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows as of May 31, 2020:

Right of use asset	$	1,019,408
Lease Liabilities, Current	$	525,454
Lease Liabilities, Long-term	$	489,463
Operating lease costs	$	438,269
Weighted Average remaining lease term		2.31 years
Weighted Average Discount rate		4.28%

Goodwill and indefinited-lived assets

Goodwill and indefinite-lived assets

The Company performs valuations of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on each acquisition accounted for as a business combination and recognizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their acquisition date fair value. Acquired intangible assets include customer relationships, software, trade names, and non-compete agreements. The Company determines the appropriate useful life by performing an analysis of expected cash flows based on historical experience of the acquired businesses. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method, which approximates the pattern in which the majority of the economic benefits are expected to be consumed.

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the fair value of the acquired net assets. Goodwill is not amortized, instead it is tested for impairment annually or when events or circumstances change that would indicate that goodwill might be impaired. Events or circumstances that could trigger an impairment review include, but are not limited to, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition, a loss of key personnel, significant changes in the manner of the Company's use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the Company's overall business, significant negative industry or economic trends, or significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future results of operations.

Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level, which is one level below or the same as an operating segment. As of May 31, 2020, the Company determined that it has four reporting units, Simulations Plus, Cognigen Corporation, DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft. When testing goodwill for impairment, the Company first performs a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform step one of a two-step annual goodwill impairment test for each reporting unit. The Company is required to perform step one only if it concludes that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying value. Should this be the case, the first step of the two-step process is to identify whether a potential impairment exists by comparing the estimated fair values of the Company's reporting units with their respective book values, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit exceeds book value, goodwill is considered not to be impaired, and no additional steps are necessary. If, however, the fair value of the reporting unit is less than book value, then the second step is performed to determine if goodwill is impaired and to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The amount of the impairment loss is the excess of the carrying amount of the goodwill over its implied fair value. The estimate of implied fair value of goodwill is primarily based on an estimate of the discounted cash flows expected to result from that reporting unit but may require valuations of certain internally generated and unrecognized intangible assets such as the Company's software, technology, patents, and trademarks. If the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess.

As of May 31, 2020, the entire balance of goodwill was attributed to three of the Company's reporting units, Cognigen Corporation, DILIsym Services, and Lixoft. Intangible assets subject to amortization are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable. The Company did not recognize any impairment charges, during the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019.

Reconciliation of Goodwill for the period ended May 31, 2020:

	Cognigen		DILIsym		Lixoft		Total
Balance, August 31, 2019	$	4,789,248	$	5,597,950	$	–	$	10,387,198
Addition		–		–		2,404,973		2,404,973
Impairments		–		–		–		–
Balance, May 31, 2020	$	4,789,248	$	5,597,950	$	2,404,973	$	12,792,171

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Balance Sheets are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. The categories, as defined by the standard are as follows:

Level Input:	Input Definition:
Level I	Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date.
Level II	Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level I, that are observable for the asset or liability through corroboration with market data at the measurement date.
Level III	Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.

For certain of our financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued payroll and other expenses, accrued bonus to officer, and accrued warranty and service costs, the amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities.

The following table summarizes fair value measurements at May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

May 31, 2020:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	7,354,496	$	–	$	–	$	7,354,496
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations	$	–	$	–	$	6,370,028	$	6,370,028

August 31, 2019:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,435,499	$	–	$	–	$	11,435,499
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations	$	–	$	–	$	1,761,028	$	1,761,028

As of May 31, 2020, and August 31, 2019, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related to its acquisitions of the DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft. The fair-value measurement of the contingent consideration obligations is determined using Level 3 inputs. The fair value of contingent consideration obligations is based on a discounted cash flow model using a probability-weighted income approach. These fair-value measurements represent Level 3 measurements as they are based on significant inputs not observable in the market. Significant judgment is employed in determining the appropriateness of these assumptions as of the acquisition date and for each subsequent period. Accordingly, changes in assumptions could have a material impact on the amount of contingent consideration expense the Company records in any given period. Changes in the value of the contingent consideration obligations are recorded in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations.

As of May 31, 2020, the Company has a liability for contingent consideration related to its acquisitions of DILIsym Services, Inc. and Lixoft:

The following is a reconciliation of contingent consideration value.

Value at August 31, 2019	$	1,761,028
Contingent consideration for Lixoft		4,609,000
Value at May 31, 2020	$	6,370,028

Research and Development Costs

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred until technological feasibility has been established. These costs include salaries, laboratory experiment, and purchased software that was developed by other companies and incorporated into, or used in the development of, our final products.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Income Taxes” which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements or tax returns.

Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences in future years of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end based on enacted tax laws and statutory tax rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The provision for income taxes represents the tax payable for the period and the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Intellectual property

Intellectual property

On February 28, 2012, we bought out a royalty agreement with Enslein Research of Rochester, New York. The cost of $75,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $1,875 and was $5,625 for each of the nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020, and 2019. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $61,875 and $56,250, respectively.

On May 15, 2014, we entered into a termination and nonassertion agreement with TSRL, Inc., pursuant to which the parties agreed to terminate an exclusive software licensing agreement entered into between the parties in 1997. As a result, the company obtained a perpetual right to use certain source code and data, and TSRL relinquished any rights and claims to any GastroPlus products and to any claims to royalties or other payments under that 1997 agreement. We agreed to pay TSRL total consideration of $6,000,000, which is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for each of the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $150,000, and $450,000 for each of the nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $3,625,000 and $3,175,000, respectively.

On June 1, 2017, as part of the acquisition of DILIsym Services, Inc. the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the drug induced liver disease (DILI). These technologies were valued at $2,850,000 and are being amortized over 9 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $79,167 and $237,501, respectively, and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 were $950,000 and $712,513, respectively.

In September 2018, we purchased certain intellectual property rights of Entelos Holding Company, a Delaware Corporation. The cost of $50,000 is being amortized over 10 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the three months and nine months period ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $1,250 and $3,750, respectively. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 was $8,750 and $5,000 respectively.

On April 1, 2020, as part of the acquisition of Lixoft the Company acquired certain developed technologies associated with the non-linear mixed effed models, population analysis, pharmacometrics and pre-clinical and clinical trial modeling and simulation algorithms. These technologies were valued at $8,030,000 and are being amortized over 16 years under the straight-line method. Amortization expense for the two months from acquisition to May 31, 2020 was $83,644, and is included in cost of revenues. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 was $83,644.

Total amortization expense for intellectual property agreements for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $315,936 and $232,292, respectively, and total amortization expense for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 was $780,520 and $696,876 respectively. Accumulated amortization as of May 31, 2020 was $4,729,270 and $3,948,750 as of August 31, 2019.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets

The following table summarizes intangible assets as of May 31, 2020:

	Amortization Period	Acquisition Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net book value
Customer relationships-Cognigen	Straight line 8 years	$	1,100,000	$	790,625	$	309,375
Trade Name-Cognigen	None		500,000		0		500,000
Covenants not to compete-Cognigen	Straight line 5 years		50,000		50,000		0
Covenants not to compete-DILIsym	Straight line 4 years		80,000		60,000		20,000
Trade Name-DILIsym	None		860,000		0		860,000
Customer relationships-DILIsym	Straight line 10 years		1,900,000		570,000		1,330,000
Customer relationships-Lixoft	Straight line 14 years		2,550,000		30,356		2,519,644
Trade Name-Lixoft	None		1,550,000		0		1,550,000
Covenants not to compete-Lixoft	Straight line 4 years		60,000		2,500		57,500
		$	8,650,000	$	1,503,481	$	7,146,519

Amortization expense for each of the three-month and nine-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and May 31, 2019 was $119,731 and $293,481 as compared to $89,375 and $268,125, respectively. According to policy, in addition to normal amortization, these assets are tested for impairment as needed.

Earnings per Share

Earnings per Share

We report earnings per share in accordance with FASB ASC 260-10. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares available. Diluted earnings per share computation is similar to basic earnings per share except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the potential common shares had been issued and if the additional common shares were dilutive. The components of basic and diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	5/31/2020		5/31/2019		5/31/2020		5/31/2019
Numerator:
Net income attributable to common shareholders	$	2,935,569	$	2,888,706	$	7,143,925	$	6,524,102
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period		17,735,354		17,519,849		17,661,189		17,472,922
Dilutive effect of stock options		691,518		576,346		672,407		535,414
Common stock and common stock equivalents used for diluted earnings per share		18,426,872		18,096,195		18,333,596		18,008,336

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-Based Compensation

Compensation costs related to stock options are determined in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, “Compensation-Stock Compensation”, using the modified prospective method. Under this method, compensation cost is calculated based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with FASB ASC 718-10, amortized on a straight-line basis over the options’ vesting period. Stock-based compensation was $287,115 and $224,654 for the three months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively and $926,747 and $633,398 for the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. This expense is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations as Selling, General, and Administration (SG&A), and Research and Development expense.

Impairment of Long-lived assets

Impairment of Long-lived Assets

The Company accounts for the impairment and disposition of long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” and ASC 360, “Property and Equipment”. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for events or changes in circumstances that indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. We measure recoverability by comparing the carrying amount of an asset to the expected future undiscounted net cash flows generated by the asset. If we determine that the asset may not be recoverable, or if the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, we recognize an impairment charge to the extent of the difference between the fair value and the asset's carrying amount. No impairment losses were recorded during the nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which supersedes existing guidance on accounting for leases in "Leases (Topic 840)" and generally requires all leases to be recognized in the consolidated balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018; early adoption is permitted. The provisions of ASU 2016-02 are to be applied using a modified retrospective approach. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which amends certain aspects of the Board's new revenue standard, ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The standard was adopted concurrently with the adoption of ASU 2014-09 which is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.

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2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Property and Equipment estimated useful lives

Estimated useful lives as follows:

Equipment	5 years
Computer equipment	3 to 7 years
Furniture and fixtures	5 to 7 years
Leasehold improvements	Shorter of life of asset or lease

Right to use asset

Following assets and liabilities as of September 1, 2019:

Right of use assets	$	902,553
Lease Liabilities, Current	$	537,017
Lease Liabilities, Long-term	$	365,536

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows as of May 31, 2020:

Right of use asset	$	1,019,408
Lease Liabilities, Current	$	525,454
Lease Liabilities, Long-term	$	489,463
Operating lease costs	$	438,269
Weighted Average remaining lease term		2.31 years
Weighted Average Discount rate		4.28%

Reconciliation of goodwill

	Cognigen		DILIsym		Lixoft		Total
Balance, August 31, 2019	$	4,789,248	$	5,597,950	$	–	$	10,387,198
Addition		–		–		2,404,973		2,404,973
Impairments		–		–		–		–
Balance, May 31, 2020	$	4,789,248	$	5,597,950	$	2,404,973	$	12,792,171

Fair value measurements

The following table summarizes fair value measurements at May 31, 2020 and August 31, 2019 for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

May 31, 2020:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	7,354,496	$	–	$	–	$	7,354,496
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations	$	–	$	–	$	6,370,028	$	6,370,028

August 31, 2019:

	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Cash and cash equivalents	$	11,435,499	$	–	$	–	$	11,435,499
Acquisition-related contingent consideration obligations	$	–	$	–	$	1,761,028	$	1,761,028

Reconciliation of contingent consideration value

The following is a reconciliation of contingent consideration value.

Value at August 31, 2019	$	1,761,028
Contingent consideration for Lixoft		4,609,000
Value at May 31, 2020	$	6,370,028

Schedule of intangible assets

	Amortization Period	Acquisition Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net book value
Customer relationships-Cognigen	Straight line 8 years	$	1,100,000	$	790,625	$	309,375
Trade Name-Cognigen	None		500,000		0		500,000
Covenants not to compete-Cognigen	Straight line 5 years		50,000		50,000		0
Covenants not to compete-DILIsym	Straight line 4 years		80,000		60,000		20,000
Trade Name-DILIsym	None		860,000		0		860,000
Customer relationships-DILIsym	Straight line 10 years		1,900,000		570,000		1,330,000
Customer relationships-Lixoft	Straight line 14 years		2,550,000		30,356		2,519,644
Trade Name-Lixoft	None		1,550,000		0		1,550,000
Covenants not to compete-Lixoft	Straight line 4 years		60,000		2,500		57,500
		$	8,650,000	$	1,503,481	$	7,146,519

Earnings per share

	Three months ended				Nine months ended
	5/31/2020		5/31/2019		5/31/2020		5/31/2019
Numerator:
Net income attributable to common shareholders	$	2,935,569	$	2,888,706	$	7,143,925	$	6,524,102
Denominator:
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period		17,735,354		17,519,849		17,661,189		17,472,922
Dilutive effect of stock options		691,518		576,346		672,407		535,414
Common stock and common stock equivalents used for diluted earnings per share		18,426,872		18,096,195		18,333,596		18,008,336

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3. REVENUE RECOGNITION (Tables)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Disaggregation of revenues

Disaggregation of Revenues

Disaggregation of Revenues:	Three Months Ended May 31, 2020		Nine Months Ended May 31, 2020
Software licenses
Point in time	$	6,622,671	$	16,116,466
Over time		230,047		734,339
Consulting services
Over time		5,445,318		15,198,198
Total Revenue	$	12,298,036	$	32,049,003

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4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (Tables)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and equipment

Equipment	$	775,767
Computer equipment		510,935
Furniture and fixtures		160,990
Leasehold improvements		114,004
Sub total		1,561,696
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(1,204,912	)
Net Book Value	$	356,784

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5. CONTRACTS PAYABLE (Tables)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Liabilities

	May 31, 2020		August 31, 2019
Holdback Liability - Lixoft	$	1,333,333	$	–
Earn-out Liability - Lixoft		4,609,000		–
Earn-out Liability - Dilisym		1,761,028		1,761,028
Sub Total	$	7,703,361	$	1,761,028
Less: Current Portion		3,761,028		1,761,028
Long-Term	$	3,942,333	$	–

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6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Tables)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Future minimum lease payments

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases with remaining terms of one year or more at May 31, 2020 were as follows:

Years Ending May 31,
2021	$	560,554
2022		268,440
2023		174,719
2024		64,118
	$	1,067,831

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7. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Equity [Abstract]

Schedule of dividends declared and paid

The details of the dividends paid are in the following tables:

FY2020
Record Date	Distribution Date	Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		Dividend per Share		Total Amount
10/25/2019	11/01/2019		17,606,314	$	0.06	$	1,056,379
1/27/2020	2/03/2020		17,645,639	$	0.06		1,058,740
4/24/2020	5/01/2020		17,769,134	$	0.06		1,066,148
Total						$	3,181,267

FY2019
Record Date	Distribution Date	Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		Dividend per Share		Total Amount
11/1/2018	11/08/2018		17,417,875	$	0.06	$	1,045,073
1/25/2019	2/1/2019		17,481,450	$	0.06		1,048,887
4/09/2019	5/01/2019		17,515,228	$	0.06		1,050,914
7/25/2019	8/1/2019		17,536,454	$	0.06		1,052,181
Total						$	4,197,055

Schedule of stock option activity

The following table summarizes information about stock options:

Transactions in FY20	Number of Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life
Outstanding, August 31, 2019		1,163,259		$	12.63		7.13
Granted		180,000		$	33.83
Exercised		(78,807	)	$	8.46
Cancelled/Forfeited		(32,961	)	$	14.26
Expired		–		$	–
Outstanding, May 31, 2020		1,231,491		$	15.95		6.90
Exercisable, May 31, 2020		625,966		$	10.05		5.78

Schedule of assumptions

The following table summarizes the fair value of the options, including both ISOs and NQSOs, granted during the current fiscal year 2020 and fiscal year 2019:

	YTD FY 2020		FY 2019
Estimated fair value of awards granted	$	1,996,200	$	1,928,820
Unvested Forfeiture Rate		0%		6.20%
Weighted average grant price	$	33.83	$	22.78
Weighted average market price	$	33.83	$	22.69
Weighted average volatility		32.27%		31.61%
Weighted average risk-free rate		1.62%		2.59%
Weighted average dividend yield		0.71%		1.10%
Weighted average expected life		6.68 years		6.64 years

Schedule of options by exercise price range

The exercise prices for the options outstanding at May 31, 2020 ranged from $6.75 to $38.81, and the information relating to these options is as follows:

Exercise Price				Awards Outstanding						Awards Exercisable
Low		High		Quantity		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Quantity		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life		Weighted Average Exercise Price
$	6.75	$	8.00		180,970		4.27 years	$	6.85		180,970		4.27 years	$	6.85
$	8.01	$	16.00		588,401		6.29 years	$	9.97		387,846		6.21 years	$	9.93
$	16.01	$	24.00		236,870		8.03 years	$	20.69		57,150		7.60 years	$	21.06
$	24.01	$	38.81		225,250		9.43 years	$	33.92		0		–	$	–
					1,231,491		6.90 years	$	15.95		625,966		5.78 years	$	10.05

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9. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC REPORTING (Tables)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Segments, Geographical Areas [Abstract]

Schedule of consolidated results from reportable segments

Results for each segment and consolidated results are as follows for the three-month periods ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 (in thousands, because of rounding numbers may not foot):

	Three months ended May 31, 2020
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	6,728	$	3,039	$	1,909	$	622	$	–		$	12,298
Income (loss) from operations		2,518		610		414		315		–			3,857
Total assets		57,145		10,730		14,288		19,424		(40,007	)		61,579
Capital expenditures		7		12		13		–		–			32
Capitalized software costs		494		4		32		76		–			606
Depreciation and amortization		430		88		151		119		–			788

	Three months ended May 31, 2019
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	6,025	$	2,538	$	1,374	$	–	$	–		$	9,937
Income (loss) from operations		3,044		387		451		–		–			3,882
Total assets		40,130		10,147		12,927		–		(17,702	)		45,502
Capital expenditures		31		8		3		–		–			42
Capitalized software costs		351		27		44		–		–			422
Depreciation and amortization		440		92		146		–		–			678

	Nine months ended May 31, 2020
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	17,559	$	8,176	$	5,692	$	622	$	–		$	32,049
Income (loss) from operations		6,425		926		1,735		315		–			9,401
Total assets		57,145		10,730		14,288		19,424		(40,007	)		61,579
Capital expenditures		24		53		29		–		–			106
Capitalized software costs		1,523		40		93		76		–			1,732
Depreciation and amortization		1,301		263		451		119		–			2,134

	Nine months ended May 31, 2019
	Lancaster		Buffalo		North Carolina		Paris		Eliminations			Total
Net revenues	$	15,398	$	6,895	$	3,652	$	–	$	–		$	25,945
Income (loss) from operations		6,614		1,093		992		–		–			8,699
Total assets		40,130		10,147		12,927		–		(17,702	)		45,502
Capital expenditures		34		25		16		–		–			75
Capitalized software costs		1,135		93		134		–		–			1,362
Depreciation and amortization		1,366		272		432		–		–			2,070

Schedule of geographical revenues

Geographical revenues for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in thousands, because of rounding numbers may not foot):

Three months ended May 31, 2020
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	3,401	$	1,719	$	1,608	$	6,728
Buffalo		3,039		–		–		3,039
North Carolina		1,685		130		94		1,909
Paris		537		85		–		622
Total	$	8,662	$	1,934	$	1,702	$	12,298

Three months ended May 31, 2019
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	2,872	$	1,497	$	1,656	$	6,025
Buffalo		2,538		–		–		2,538
North Carolina		906		363		105		1,374
Total	$	6,316	$	1,860	$	1,761	$	9,937

Nine months ended May 31, 2020
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	8,555	$	4,476	$	4,528	$	17,559
Buffalo		8,176		–		–		8,176
North Carolina		4,890		581		221		5,692
Paris		537		85		–		622
Total	$	22,158	$	5,142	$	4,749	$	32,049

Nine months ended May 31, 2019
	North & South America		Europe		Asia		Total
Lancaster	$	7,059	$	4,207	$	4,132	$	15,398
Buffalo		6,895		–		–		6,895
North Carolina		2,622		550		480		3,652
Total	$	16,576	$	4,757	$	4,612	$	25,945

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11. ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH LIXOFT (Tables)

9 Months Ended

May 31, 2020

Business Combinations [Abstract]

Allocation of purchase price

Assets acquired, Including cash of $3,799,134 and accounts receivable of $629,481	$	4,994,160
Developed Technologies Acquired		8,030,000
Estimated value of Intangibles assets acquired (Customer Lists, trade name etc.)		4,160,000
Estimated Goodwill acquired		2,404,973
Liabilities Assumed		(862,208	)
Total Consideration	$	18,726,925

Proforma information

	For the three-month period ended				For the nine-month period ended
	May 31, (in 1000’s) (Unaudited)				May 31, (in 1000’s) (Unaudited)
	(Pro forma)*		(Pro forma)		(Pro forma)*		(Pro forma)
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net Sales	$	12,422	$	10,520	$	34,430	$	28,389
Net Income	$	3,565	$	2,860	$	8,442	$	7,076

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2. SUMMARY - Property useful lives (Details)	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020
Equipment [Member]
Estimated useful lives	5 years
Computer equipment [Member]
Estimated useful lives	3 to 7 years
Furniture and fixtures [Member]
Estimated useful lives	5 to 7 years
Leasehold improvements [Member]
Estimated useful lives	Shorter of life of asset or lease

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2. SUMMARY - Right to use assets (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	Sep. 02, 2019	Aug. 31, 2019
Right of use assets	$ 1,019,408		$ 0
Lease liabilities, current	525,454		0
Lease liabilities, noncurrent	489,463		$ 0
Operating lease costs	$ 438,269
Weighted average remaining lease term	2 years 3 months 22 days
Weighted average discount rate	4.28%
Accounting Standards Update 201602 [Member]
Right of use assets		$ 902,553
Lease liabilities, current		537,017
Lease liabilities, noncurrent		$ 365,536

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2. SUMMARY - Goodwill (Details)	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020 USD ($)
Goodwill rollforward
Goodwill beginning balance	$ 10,387,198
Additions to goodwill	2,404,973
Goodwill impairment	0
Goodwill ending balance	12,792,171
Cognigen
Goodwill rollforward
Goodwill beginning balance	4,789,248
Additions to goodwill	0
Goodwill impairment	0
Goodwill ending balance	4,789,248
DILIsym [Member]
Goodwill rollforward
Goodwill beginning balance	5,597,950
Additions to goodwill	0
Goodwill impairment	0
Goodwill ending balance	5,597,950
Lixoft [Member]
Goodwill rollforward
Goodwill beginning balance	0
Additions to goodwill	2,404,973
Goodwill impairment	0
Goodwill ending balance	$ 2,404,973

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2. SUMMARY - Fair value measurements (Details) - Fair Value Measurements Recurring [Member] - USD ($)	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
Fair value assets	$ 7,354,496	$ 11,435,499
Acquisition-related Contingent Consideration Obligations [Member]
Fair value liabilities	6,370,028	1,761,028
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
Fair value assets	7,354,496	11,435,499
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Acquisition-related Contingent Consideration Obligations [Member]
Fair value liabilities	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
Fair value assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Acquisition-related Contingent Consideration Obligations [Member]
Fair value liabilities	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member]
Fair value assets	0	0
Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Acquisition-related Contingent Consideration Obligations [Member]
Fair value liabilities	$ 6,370,028	$ 1,761,028

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2. SUMMARY - Contingent consideration (Details)	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020 USD ($)
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Contingent consideration, beginning balance	$ 1,761,028
Contingent consideration for Lixoft	4,609,000
Contingent consideration, ending balance	$ 6,370,028

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2. SUMMARY - Intangible assets (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Net book value	$ 7,146,519	$ 3,280,000
Customer Relationships [Member] | Cognigen
Amortization period	Straight line 8 years
Acquisition value	$ 1,100,000
Accumulated amortization	790,625
Net book value	$ 309,375
Customer Relationships [Member] | DILIsym [Member]
Amortization period	Straight line 10 years
Acquisition value	$ 1,900,000
Accumulated amortization	570,000
Net book value	$ 1,330,000
Customer Relationships [Member] | Lixoft [Member]
Amortization period	Straight line 14 years
Acquisition value	$ 2,550,000
Accumulated amortization	30,356
Net book value	$ 2,519,644
Trade name | Cognigen
Amortization period	None
Acquisition value	$ 500,000
Accumulated amortization	0
Net book value	$ 500,000
Trade name | DILIsym [Member]
Amortization period	None
Acquisition value	$ 860,000
Accumulated amortization	0
Net book value	$ 860,000
Trade name | Lixoft [Member]
Amortization period	None
Acquisition value	$ 1,550,000
Accumulated amortization	0
Net book value	$ 1,550,000
Covenants not to compete | Cognigen
Amortization period	Straight line 5 years
Acquisition value	$ 50,000
Accumulated amortization	50,000
Net book value	$ 0
Covenants not to compete | DILIsym [Member]
Amortization period	Straight line 4 years
Acquisition value	$ 80,000
Accumulated amortization	60,000
Net book value	$ 20,000
Covenants not to compete | Lixoft [Member]
Amortization period	Straight line 4 years
Acquisition value	$ 60,000
Accumulated amortization	2,500
Net book value	57,500
Other Intangible Assets
Acquisition value	8,650,000
Accumulated amortization	1,503,481	$ 1,210,000
Net book value	$ 7,146,519

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2. SUMMARY - Earnings per share (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended							9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	Feb. 29, 2020	Nov. 30, 2019	Aug. 31, 2019	May 31, 2019	Feb. 28, 2019	Nov. 30, 2018	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Numerator
Net income attributable to common shareholders	$ 2,935,569	$ 2,150,080	$ 2,058,277	$ 2,059,227	$ 2,888,706	$ 2,099,449	$ 1,535,947	$ 7,143,925	$ 6,524,102
Denominator
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period	17,735,354				17,519,849			17,661,189	17,472,922
Dilutive effect of stock options	691,518				576,346			672,407	535,414
Common stock and common stock equivalents used for diluted earnings per share	18,426,872				18,096,195			18,333,596	18,008,336

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2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	Aug. 31, 2019	Sep. 02, 2018
Amortization of software development	$ 310,218	$ 322,552	$ 937,888	$ 1,006,339
Impairment of intangible assets	0	0	0	0
Stock-based compensation			1,144,135	776,287
Impairment of long-lived assets			0	0
Stock Options [Member]
Stock-based compensation	287,115	224,654	926,747	633,398
Intellectual Property [Member]
Amortization of intangible assets	315,936	232,292	780,520	696,876
Accumulated amortization of intellectual property	4,729,270		4,729,270		$ 3,948,750
Intellectual Property [Member] | Enslien Research
Amortization of intangible assets	1,875	1,875	5,625	5,625
Accumulated amortization of intellectual property	61,875		61,875		56,250
Intellectual Property [Member] | TSRL [Member]
Amortization of intangible assets	150,000	150,000	450,000	450,000
Accumulated amortization of intellectual property	3,625,000		3,625,000		3,175,000
Intellectual Property [Member] | DILIsym [Member]
Amortization of intangible assets	79,167	79,167	237,501	237,501
Accumulated amortization of intellectual property	950,000		950,000		712,513
Intellectual Property [Member] | Entelos [Member]
Amortization of intangible assets	1,250	1,250	3,750	3,750
Accumulated amortization of intellectual property	8,750		8,750		5,000
Intellectual Property [Member] | Lixoft [Member]
Amortization of intangible assets			83,644
Accumulated amortization of intellectual property	83,644		83,644
Other Intangible Assets
Amortization of intangible assets	119,731	$ 89,375	293,481	$ 268,125
Accumulated amortization of intellectual property	$ 1,503,481		$ 1,503,481		$ 1,210,000
Cumulative Effect Period Of Adoption Adjustment [Member]
Cumulative affect of ASC 606 adoption						$ 493,279

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3. REVENUE RECOGNITION (Details - Disaggregation) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Revenues	$ 12,298,036	$ 9,936,921	$ 32,049,003	$ 25,944,545
Software Licenses [Member] | Transferred At Point In Time [Member]
Revenues	6,622,671		16,116,466
Software Licenses [Member] | Transferred Over Time [Member]
Revenues	230,047		734,339
Consulting Services [Member] | Transferred Over Time [Member]
Revenues	$ 5,445,318		$ 15,198,198

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3. REVENUE RECOGNITION (Details Narrative)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020 USD ($)	May 31, 2020 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenues included in contract liabilities	$ 109,000	$ 882,000
Remaining performance obligations	$ 2,700,000	$ 2,700,000
Remaining performance obligations recognition period	2 years 6 months	2 years 6 months

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4. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT (Details) - USD ($)	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Property and equipment, gross	$ 1,561,696
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	(1,204,912)
Net Book Value	356,784	$ 341,145
Equipment [Member]
Property and equipment, gross	775,767
Computer equipment [Member]
Property and equipment, gross	510,935
Furniture and fixtures [Member]
Property and equipment, gross	160,990
Leasehold improvements [Member]
Property and equipment, gross	$ 114,004

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5. CONTRACTS PAYABLE (Details) - USD ($)	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Contract liability	$ 7,703,361	$ 1,761,028
Contract liability, current	3,761,028	1,761,028
Contract liability, noncurrrent	3,942,333	0
Holdback Liability [Member] | Lixoft [Member]
Contract liability	1,333,333	0
Earn-Out Liability [Member] | Lixoft [Member]
Contract liability	4,609,000	0
Earn-Out Liability [Member] | DILIsym [Member]
Contract liability	$ 1,761,028	$ 1,761,028

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6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Details)	May 31, 2020 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2021	$ 560,554
2022	268,440
2023	174,719
2024	64,118
Future minimum lease payments	$ 1,067,831

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6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		7 Months Ended	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	Mar. 31, 2020	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	Aug. 31, 2019
Rent expense	$ 168,381	$ 147,581		$ 463,074	$ 436,357
Royalty expense		$ 55,924			$ 147,495
Royalty benefit	(137,496)			(26,055)
Interest and penalty expense						$ 0
Wells Fargo [Member]
Line of credit maximum amount			$ 3,500,000
Line of credit expiration date			Apr. 15, 2022
Line of credit amount outstanding	$ 0			$ 0

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7. SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (Details - Dividends) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Total Amount	$ 3,181,267	$ 4,197,055
FY 2020 1st Qtr [Member]
Record Date	Oct. 25, 2019
Distribution Date	Nov. 01, 2019
Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date	17,606,314
Dividend per Share	$ 0.06
Total Amount	$ 1,056,379
FY 2020 2nd Qtr [Member]
Record Date	Jan. 27, 2020
Distribution Date	Feb. 03, 2020
Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date	17,645,639
Dividend per Share	$ 0.06
Total Amount	$ 1,058,740
FY 2020 3rd Qtr [Member]
Record Date	Apr. 24, 2020
Distribution Date	May 01, 2020
Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date	17,769,134
Dividend per Share	$ 0.06
Total Amount	$ 1,066,148
FY 2019 1st Qtr [Member]
Record Date		Nov. 01, 2018
Distribution Date		Nov. 08, 2018
Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		17,417,875
Dividend per Share		$ 0.06
Total Amount		$ 1,045,073
FY 2019 2nd Qtr [Member]
Record Date		Jan. 25, 2019
Distribution Date		Feb. 01, 2019
Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		17,481,450
Dividend per Share		$ 0.06
Total Amount		$ 1,048,887
FY 2019 3rd Qtr [Member]
Record Date		Apr. 09, 2019
Distribution Date		May 01, 2019
Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		17,515,228
Dividend per Share		$ 0.06
Total Amount		$ 1,050,914
FY 2019 4th Qtr [Member]
Record Date		Jul. 25, 2019
Distribution Date		Aug. 01, 2019
Number of Shares Outstanding on Record Date		17,536,454
Dividend per Share		$ 0.06
Total Amount		$ 1,052,181

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7. SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (Details - Option activity) - $ / shares	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share
Granted	$ 33.83	$ 22.78
Stock Options [Member]
Number of Options
Option outstanding, beginning balance	1,163,259
Granted	180,000
Exercised	(78,807)
Canceled/Forfeited	(32,961)
Expired	0
Awards Outstanding, ending balance	1,231,491
Vested and Exercisable, end of period	625,966
Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share
Outstanding	$ 12.63
Granted	33.83
Exercised	8.46
Canceled/Forfeited	14.26
Expired
Outstanding	15.95
Vested and Exercisable, end of period	$ 10.05
Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life
Weighted average remaining contractual life	6 years 10 months 25 days
Vested and Exercisable	5 years 9 months 11 days

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7. SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (Details - Assumptions) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Equity [Abstract]
Estimated fair value of awards granted	$ 1,996,200	$ 1,928,820
Unvested Forfeiture Rate	0.00%	6.20%
Weighted average grant price	$ 33.83	$ 22.78
Weighted average market price	$ 33.83	$ 22.69
Weighted average volatility	32.27%	31.61%
Weighted average risk-free rate	1.62%	2.59%
Weighted average dividend yield	0.71%	1.10%
Weighted average expected life	6 years 8 months 5 days	6 years 7 months 21 days

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7. SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (Details - Options outstanding and exercisable) - Stock Options [Member] - $ / shares	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Awards outstanding	1,231,491	1,163,259
Awards outstanding weighted average remaining contractual life	6 years 10 months 25 days
Awards outstanding weighted average exercise price	$ 15.95	$ 12.63
Awards exercisable	625,966
Awards exercisable weighted average remaining contractual life	5 years 9 months 11 days
Awards exercisable weighted average exercise price	$ 10.05
$6.75 to $8.00 [Member]
Exercise price low	6.75
Exercise price high	$ 8.00
Awards outstanding	180,970
Awards outstanding weighted average remaining contractual life	4 years 3 months 8 days
Awards outstanding weighted average exercise price	$ 6.85
Awards exercisable	180,970
Awards exercisable weighted average remaining contractual life	4 years 3 months 8 days
Awards exercisable weighted average exercise price	$ 6.85
$8.01 to $16.00 [Member]
Exercise price low	8.01
Exercise price high	$ 16.00
Awards outstanding	588,401
Awards outstanding weighted average remaining contractual life	6 years 3 months 15 days
Awards outstanding weighted average exercise price	$ 9.97
Awards exercisable	387,846
Awards exercisable weighted average remaining contractual life	6 years 2 months 16 days
Awards exercisable weighted average exercise price	$ 9.93
$16.01 to $24.00 [Member]
Exercise price low	16.01
Exercise price high	$ 24.00
Awards outstanding	236,870
Awards outstanding weighted average remaining contractual life	8 years 11 days
Awards outstanding weighted average exercise price	$ 20.69
Awards exercisable	57,150
Awards exercisable weighted average remaining contractual life	7 years 7 months 6 days
Awards exercisable weighted average exercise price	$ 21.06
$24.01 to $38.81 [Member]
Exercise price low	24.01
Exercise price high	$ 38.81
Awards outstanding	225,250
Awards outstanding weighted average remaining contractual life	9 years 5 months 5 days
Awards outstanding weighted average exercise price	$ 33.92
Awards exercisable	0
Awards exercisable weighted average exercise price	$ 0.00

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7. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Details Narrative)	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020 USD ($) shares	May 31, 2020 USD ($) shares
Stock Options [Member]
Weighted average remaining contractual life		6 years 10 months 25 days
Fair value of non-vested options | $	$ 17,328,000	$ 17,328,000
Fair value amortization period		3 years 5 months 16 days
Non-managment Directors [Member]
Stock issued for compensation, shares | shares	1,905	6,175
Stock issued for compensation, value | $	$ 72,483	$ 217,382
2017 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]
Common stock reserved for issuance under the plan | shares	1,000,000	1,000,000
Equity plan termination date		Dec. 31, 2026

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8. CONCENTRATIONS AND UNCERTAINTIES (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Cash and cash equivalents exceeding insured limits	$ 6,300,000
Net Sales [Member] | International Sales [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	32.00%	36.00%
Net Sales [Member] | Customer 1 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	8.00%	9.00%
Net Sales [Member] | Customer 2 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	7.00%	8.00%
Net Sales [Member] | Customer 3 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	7.00%	7.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer 1 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	10.00%	10.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer 2 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	7.00%	9.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer 3 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	7.00%	8.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer 4 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	7.00%	5.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer 5 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	5.00%	5.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer 6 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	5.00%
Accounts Receivable [Member] | Customer 7 [Member]
Net sales concentration percentage	5.00%

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9. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC REPORTING (Details - Segments within the U.S.) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	Aug. 31, 2019
Net Revenues	$ 12,298,036	$ 9,936,921	$ 32,049,003	$ 25,944,545
Income (loss) from operations	3,856,779	3,882,033	9,401,104	8,698,941
Total assets	61,579,127	45,502,000	61,579,127	45,502,000	$ 45,196,697
Capital expenditures	32,000	42,000	106,000	75,000
Capitalized software costs	606,000	422,000	1,732,000	1,362,000
Depreciation and Amortization	788,000	678,000	2,134,000	2,070,000
Consolidation Eliminations [Member]
Total assets	(40,007,000)	(17,702,000)	(40,007,000)	(17,702,000)
Lancaster [Member]
Net Revenues	6,728,000	6,025,000	17,559,000	15,398,000
Income (loss) from operations	2,518,000	3,044,000	6,425,000	6,614,000
Total assets	57,145,000	40,130,000	57,145,000	40,130,000
Capital expenditures	7,000	31,000	24,000	34,000
Capitalized software costs	494,000	351,000	1,523,000	1,135,000
Depreciation and Amortization	430,000	440,000	1,301,000	1,366,000
Buffalo [Member]
Net Revenues	3,039,000	2,538,000	8,176,000	6,895,000
Income (loss) from operations	610,000	387,000	926,000	1,093,000
Total assets	10,730,000	10,147,000	10,730,000	10,147,000
Capital expenditures	12,000	8,000	53,000	25,000
Capitalized software costs	4,000	27,000	40,000	93,000
Depreciation and Amortization	88,000	92,000	263,000	272,000
North Carolina [Member]
Net Revenues	1,909,000	1,374,000	5,692,000	3,652,000
Income (loss) from operations	414,000	451,000	1,735,000	992,000
Total assets	14,288,000	12,927,000	14,288,000	12,927,000
Capital expenditures	13,000	3,000	29,000	16,000
Capitalized software costs	32,000	44,000	93,000	134,000
Depreciation and Amortization	151,000	146,000	451,000	432,000
Paris [Member]
Net Revenues	622,000	0	622,000	0
Income (loss) from operations	315,000	0	315,000
Total assets	19,424,000	0	19,424,000	0
Capital expenditures	0	0	0	0
Capitalized software costs	76,000	0	76,000	0
Depreciation and Amortization	$ 119,000	$ 0	$ 119,000	$ 0

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9. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC REPORTING (Details - geographic) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Revenues	$ 12,298,036	$ 9,936,921	$ 32,049,003	$ 25,944,545
North and South America [Member]
Revenues	8,662,000	6,316,000	22,158,000	16,576,000
North and South America [Member] | Lancaster [Member]
Revenues	3,401,000	2,872,000	8,555,000	7,059,000
North and South America [Member] | Buffalo [Member]
Revenues	3,039,000	2,538,000	8,176,000	6,895,000
North and South America [Member] | North Carolina [Member]
Revenues	1,685,000	906,000	4,890,000	2,622,000
North and South America [Member] | Paris [Member]
Revenues	537,000		537,000
Europe [Member]
Revenues	1,934,000	1,860,000	5,142,000	4,757,000
Europe [Member] | Lancaster [Member]
Revenues	1,719,000	1,497,000	4,476,000	4,207,000
Europe [Member] | Buffalo [Member]
Revenues	0	0	0	0
Europe [Member] | North Carolina [Member]
Revenues	130,000	363,000	581,000	550,000
Europe [Member] | Paris [Member]
Revenues	85,000		85,000
Asia [Member]
Revenues	1,702,000	1,761,000	4,749,000	4,612,000
Asia [Member] | Lancaster [Member]
Revenues	1,608,000	1,656,000	4,528,000	4,132,000
Asia [Member] | Buffalo [Member]
Revenues	0	0	0	0
Asia [Member] | North Carolina [Member]
Revenues	94,000	105,000	221,000	480,000
Asia [Member] | Paris [Member]
Revenues	0		0
Lancaster [Member]
Revenues	6,728,000	6,025,000	17,559,000	15,398,000
Buffalo [Member]
Revenues	3,039,000	2,538,000	8,176,000	6,895,000
North Carolina [Member]
Revenues	1,909,000	1,374,000	5,692,000	3,652,000
Paris [Member]
Revenues	$ 622,000	$ 0	$ 622,000	$ 0

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10. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Contribution by employer in benefit plan	$ 123,549	$ 116,839	$ 325,220	$ 295,777

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11. ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH LIXOFT (Details - Acquisition allocation) - USD ($)	7 Months Ended
	Apr. 01, 2020	May 31, 2020	Aug. 31, 2019
Estimated Goodwill acquired		$ 12,792,171	$ 10,387,198
Lixoft [Member]
Assets acquired, Including cash of $3,799,134 and accounts receivable of $629,481	$ 4,994,160
Developed Technologies Acquired	8,030,000
Estimated value of Intangibles assets acquired (Customer Lists, trade name etc.)	4,160,000
Estimated Goodwill acquired	2,404,973
Liabilities Assumed	(862,208)
Total Consideration	$ 18,726,925

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11. ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH LIXOFT (Details - Pro forma) - Pro Forma [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019	May 31, 2020	May 31, 2019
Net Sales	$ 12,422	$ 10,520	$ 34,430	$ 28,389
Net Income	$ 3,565	$ 2,860	$ 8,442	$ 7,076

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11. ACQUISITION/MERGER WITH LIXOFT (Details Narrative) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	7 Months Ended
	May 31, 2020	Apr. 01, 2020
Stock issued for acquisition, value	$ 3,260,674
Lixoft [Member]
Cash paid for acquisition		$ 9,460,129
Stock issued for acquisition, shares		111,682
Stock issued for acquisition, value		$ 3,662,337