EXHIBIT 1 - Original Signature Page

      JOINT FILING AGREEMENT AMONG FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.,
           ERIC F. BILLINGS, EMANUEL J. FRIEDMAN AND W. RUSSELL RAMSEY

     WHEREAS, in accordance with Rule 13d-1(k) under the Securities and
Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Act"),  only one joint  statement and any
amendments  thereto need to be filed whenever one or more persons are
required to file  such a statement or any amendments thereto pursuant to
Section 13(d)of the Act with respect to the same securities, provided that
said persons agree in writing that such statement or amendments thereto is
filed on behalf of each of them;

     NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows:

     FRIEDMAN,  BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC., ERIC F. BILLINGS,  EMANUEL J.
FRIEDMAN AND W. RUSSELL RAMSEY hereby  agree,  in  accordance  with  Rule
13d-1(k)  under  the Act,  to file a statement  on Schedule  13G  relating
to their ownership of Common Stock of the Issuer and do hereby further
agree that said statement shall be filed on behalf of each of them.

                                     FRIEDMAN, BILLINGS, RAMSEY GROUP, INC.

Dated:   June 12, 2000               By:



                                         ---------------------------------
                                         Name:  Emanuel J. Friedman
                                         Title: Chairman




Dated:   June 12, 2000
                                        ----------------------------------
                                             Eric F. Billings




Dated:   June 12, 2000
                                        ----------------------------------
                                             Emanuel J. Friedman




Dated:   June 12, 2000
                                        ----------------------------------
                                             W. Russell Ramsey