FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company uses derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to market risks for changes in interest rates and, from time to time, foreign currencies. This strategy includes the use of interest rate swap agreements, forward starting interest rate swap agreements, treasury lock agreements and foreign currency forward contracts to manage its exposure to movements in interest and currency rates. The Company has established policies and procedures for risk assessment and the approval, reporting and monitoring of derivative financial instrument activities. These policies prohibit holding or issuing derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments that contain credit-risk-related contingent features or requirements to post collateral.

Interest Rate Risk

The Company is exposed to interest rate risk on its cash and cash equivalents and its debt obligations. Interest income earned on cash and cash equivalents may fluctuate as interest rates change; however, due to their relatively short maturities, the Company does not hedge these assets or their investment cash flows and the impact of interest rate risk is not material. The Company's debt obligations consist of fixed-rate and variable-rate debt instruments. The Company's primary objective is to achieve the lowest overall cost of funding while managing the variability in cash outflows within an acceptable range. In order to achieve this objective, the Company has entered into interest rate swaps. Interest rate swaps involve the periodic exchange of payments without the exchange of underlying principal or notional amounts. Net settlements between the counterparties are recognized as an adjustment to interest expense, net.

Interest Rate Derivatives – Cash Flow Hedges

From time to time, the Company has entered into various interest rate lock agreements and forward starting interest rate swap agreements to hedge part of the Company's interest rate exposure associated with the variability in future cash flows attributable to changes in interest rates.

In May 2016, the Company entered into interest rate lock agreements with several financial institutions for a total notional amount of $250 million which were accounted for as cash flow hedges. These agreements were entered into to hedge a portion of the Company’s interest rate exposure associated with variability in future cash flows attributable to changes in the ten-year treasury rates related to the planned issuance of senior notes in 2016. In connection with the issuance of senior notes in 2016, these agreements were settled, and the Company paid $1 million. These losses are deferred in stockholders’ equity, net of taxes, as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, and amortized as an adjustment to interest expense, net over the term of the respective senior notes.

The total net loss, net of taxes, recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss, related to the Company's cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was $9 million and $10 million, respectively. The net amount of deferred losses on cash flow hedges that is expected to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into interest expense, net within the next twelve months is $3 million.

Interest Rate Derivatives – Fair Value Hedges

The Company maintains various fixed-to-variable interest rate swaps to convert a portion of the Company's long-term debt into variable interest rate debt. For an interest rate derivative instrument that has been formally designated as a fair value hedge, fair value gains or losses on the derivative instrument are reported in earnings together with offsetting fair value gains or losses on the hedged item (the long-term debt) that are attributable to the risk being hedged. A summary of the notional amounts of these interest rate swaps as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was as follows:



	Notional Amount
Debt Instrument	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016

4.25% Senior Notes due April 2024	$	250	$	250
3.50% Senior Notes due March 2025	600		600
3.45% Senior Notes due June 2026	350		350
	$	1,200	$	1,200

The fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreements in the table above have variable interest rates ranging from one-month LIBOR plus 2.2% to one-month LIBOR plus 3.0%.

As of December 31, 2015, the Company had entered into various fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreements with an aggregate notional amount of $1.2 billion and variable interest rates ranging from one-month LIBOR plus 1.4% to one-month LIBOR plus 3.6%. In July 2016, the Company terminated those interest rate swaps agreements. As a result of the termination, the Company received proceeds of $60 million, which included $6 million of accrued interest. The remaining basis adjustment on the respective debt obligation of $54 million will be amortized as a reduction of interest expense over the remaining terms of the hedged debt instrument. Immediately after the termination of these interest rate swaps, the Company entered into new fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreements, which are reflected in the table above.

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the following amounts were recorded on the consolidated balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:



Balance Sheet Classification	Carrying Amount of Hedged Long-Term Debt		Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Long-Term Debt
Balance Sheet Classification	September 30, 2017		September 30, 2017
Long-term debt	$	1,146	$	(16	)	(a)

(a) The balance includes $60 million of hedging adjustment on a discontinued relationship as of September 30, 2017.

The following table presents the effect of fair value hedge accounting on the statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017:



Fair Value Hedges Impact on Statement of Operations	Statement of Operations Classification	Three Months Ended September 30, 2017			Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Hedged items (Long-term debt)	Other (expense) income, net	$	(1	)	$	(12	)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	Other (expense) income, net	$	1		$	12

Interest Rate Derivatives - Economic Hedges

In connection with the retirement of debt in the first quarter of 2016, which is further discussed in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements in the Company's 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Company entered into reverse interest rate lock agreements with several financial institutions which were not designated for hedge accounting. The Company entered into these agreements to hedge the variability in cash flows associated with $75 million of the $200 million principal amount of debt that was retired in the first quarter of 2016. These agreements were settled during the first quarter of 2016 resulting in a gain of $1 million which was recognized in other (expense) income, net.

A summary of the fair values of derivative instruments in the consolidated balance sheets was as follows:

September 30, 2017

December 31, 2016

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

Balance Sheet

Classification

Fair Value

Balance Sheet

Classification

Fair Value

Interest rate swaps

Other liabilities

A full description regarding the Company's use of derivative financial instruments is contained in Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements in the Company's 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.