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3. Income Taxes: Summary of Valuation Allowance (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2012

	Year ended December 31, 2012	Year ended December 31, 2011
Balance, beginning of year	$ 14,651,435	$ 13,185,199
Change in temporary differences	157,164	68,680
Change in net operating and capital losses	1,189,158	1,397,556
Balance, end of year	$ 15,997,757	$ 14,651,435

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to net realizable value, including identification of the deferred tax asset more likely than not will not be fully realized and the corresponding amount of the valuation allowance.

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