16.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Operating Leases -

Future minimum rental payments required under operating leases with remaining non-cancelable lease terms as of December 31, 2013 are as follows:

More than 5 years	$	-
3-5 years		13,076
1-3 years		153,279
Within 1 year		62,085
Total	$	228,440

Total rental expense for all operating leases was:

	Year ended December 31, 2013		Year ended December 31, 2012
Minimum rental payments	$	60,038	$	84,242
Less: Sublease rentals		3,594		7,188
Net rent expense		56,444		77,054
Deferred rent charge		5,248		-
	$	61,692	$	77,054

Contingencies - Revenue based

As of December 31, 2013, CTI and its majority owned subsidiary, VVI, have remaining obligations, contingent upon receipt of certain revenues, to repay up to $165,788 and $199,334, respectively, in consideration of grant funding received in 1994 and 1995. CTI also is obligated to pay at the rate of 7.5% of its revenues, if any, from transferring rights to certain inventions supported by the grant funds. VVI is obligated to pay at rates of 1.5% of its net sales of supported products or 15% of its revenues from licensing supported products, if any. We recognize these obligations only if we receive revenues related to the grant funds. We recognized approximately $1,577 in the year ended December 31, 2013 and $1,749 in the year ended December 31, 2012.

We have engaged R.F. Lafferty & Co. to seek an acquisition partner from a limited number of companies for our nano particle bone biomaterial patents, among other assets and/or securities. The Company would pay Lafferty a 10% finder's fee in the event an acquisition partner is found, which Management has deemed to be an immaterial and contingent obligation.

Contingencies - Litigation

Carolina Liquid Chemistries Corporation, et al. (case pending) - On August 29, 2005, we filed a complaint against Carolina Liquid Chemistries Corporation ("Carolina Liquid") in the United States District Court for the District of Colorado, alleging patent infringement of our patent covering homocysteine assays, and seeking monetary damages, punitive damages, attorneys' fees, court costs and other remuneration at the option of the court. As we became aware of other infringers, we amended our complaint to add as defendants Catch, Inc. ("Catch") and the Diazyme Laboratories Division of General Atomics ("Diazyme"). On September 6, 2006, Diazyme filed for declaratory judgment in the Southern District of California for a change in venue and a declaration of non-infringement and invalidity. On September 12, 2006, the District Court in Colorado ruled that both Catch and Diazyme be added as defendants to the Carolina Liquid case.

On October 23, 2006, Diazyme requested the United States Patent and Trademark Office (the "USPTO") to re-evaluate the validity of our patent and this request was granted by the USPTO on December 14, 2006. On July 30, 2009, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office's Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences ("BPAI") upheld the homocysteine patent. In September 2008, the examiner had denied the patent, but that denial was overruled by the BPAI. While the examiner had appealed that BPAI decision, delaying further action, that appeal was also denied by the BPAI on December 13, 2010. In June 2011, the examiner once again appealed the BPAI decision. In addition to responding to this new appeal, the Company petitioned the Director of the USPTO to help expedite further action on the case within the USPTO, which was to have been handled with special dispatch according to USPTO requirements for handling reexamination proceedings of patents involved in litigation.

On March 13, 2012, the USPTO issued the Ex Parte Reexamination Certificate confirming the patentability of claims examined. The company has begun collecting unpaid amounts from various obligated companies.

Employment matters - former employee (case pending) - In September 2003, a former employee filed a whistleblower complaint with the Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the Department of Labor (OSHA) alleging that the employee had been terminated for engaging in conduct protected under the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX). In February 2005, OSHA found probable cause to support the employee's complaint and the Secretary of Labor ordered reinstatement and back wages since the date of termination and CTCC requested de novo review and a hearing before an administrative law judge ("ALJ"). In July 2005, after the close of the hearing on CTI's appeal, the U.S. district court for Connecticut enforced the Secretary's preliminary order of reinstatement and back pay under threat of contempt and the Company rehired the employee with back pay.

On October 5, 2005, the ALJ who conducted the hearing on CTI's appeal of the OSHA findings ruled in CTI's favor and recommended dismissal of the employee's complaint. Although the employee abandoned his position upon notice of the ALJ's decision, he nevertheless filed a request for review by the DOL Administrative Review Board ("ARB").

In May 2006, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit vacated the order of the district court enforcing the Secretary's preliminary order of reinstatement and back pay. The employee also filed a new SOX retaliation complaint with OSHA based on alleged black listing action by CTI following his termination. OSHA dismissed the complaint and the employee filed a request for a hearing by an administrative law judge. Ultimately, the employee voluntarily dismissed the appeal.

In March 2008, the ARB issued an order of remand in the employee's appeal of the October 2005 dismissal of his termination complaint, directing the ALJ to clarify her analysis utilizing the burden-shifting standard articulated by the ARB. In January 2009, the ALJ issued a revised decision again recommending dismissal and once again the employee appealed the ruling to the ARB. On September 30, 2011, the ARB issued a final decision and order affirming the ALJ's decision on remand and dismissing the employee's complaint. The employee has appealed the ARB's decision before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit which has ordered the employee to file his opening brief by May 31, 2012. Response briefs by the Solicitor's Office of the U.S. Department of Labor and CTI were submitted in August 2012. In March 2013, the U.S Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit upheld the ARB's decision dismissing the former employee's complaint and denied the employee's appeal from that order. In April 2013, the Second Circuit terminated proceedings in that court.

John B. Nano vs. Competitive Technologies, Inc. - Arbitration (case completed ) - On September 3, 2010, the Board of Directors of CTI found cause consisting of violation of fiduciary duties to the Corporation and violation of the CTI Corporate Code of Conduct and removed John B. Nano as an Officer of the Corporation, in all capacities. On September 13, 2010, the Board of Directors also found cause consisting of violation of fiduciary duties to the Corporation and violation of the CTI Corporate Code of Conduct removed John B. Nano as a Director of the Corporation, in all capacities, for cause, consisting of violation of his fiduciary duties. Details of these actions are outlined in Form 8-K filings with the SEC on September 13, 2010, and September 17, 2010. Mr. Nano was previously the Chairman of the Board of Directors, President and Chief Executive Officer of CTI.

On September 13, 2010, Mr. Nano brought an arbitration claim to the American Arbitration Association against CTI. Mr. Nano's employment contract with the Company had called for arbitration, which Mr. Nano had demanded to resolve this conflict. Mr. Nano sought $750,000 that he claimed was owed under his contract and claimed that he had been terminated without cause.

On September 23, 2010 the Company was served notice that John B. Nano, CTI's former Chairman, President and CEO had filed a Notice of Application for Prejudgment Remedy/Claim of $750,000 and an Application for an Order Pendente Lite claiming we had breached Mr. Nano's employment contract with us. The applications were filed in the State of Connecticut Superior Court in Bridgeport, CT. In November 2010, the Company funded $750,000 as a Prejudgment Remedy held in escrow with the Company's counsel and has included this amount as restricted cash on the December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 balance sheets. The Company did not believe it was liable to the former Chairman, President and CEO, believing he was terminated for cause. The case proceeded through the arbitration process. The initial arbitration hearing began in April 2011; additional hearing dates were held in May and June 2011. In July 2011, each party submitted a summary limited in length stating their positions.

Prior to the conclusion of the arbitration hearings, the Company filed suit in Federal Court against the American Arbitration Association. The Company requested a temporary restraining order to halt the arbitration, which was denied by the court. The Company also requested a hearing before the court to review the arbitration proceedings. In August 2011, the American Arbitration Association's assigned arbitrator gave award to the Company's former Chairman, President and CEO, despite the Company's strongly held belief that the Board of Directors properly exercised its reasonable discretion under the employment agreement in finding that the former executive engaged in willful misconduct and gross negligence and that the executive's actions were cause for employment termination under the employment agreement and governing law. The former executive had requested a payment of $750,000, which he believed was due under his employment agreement. Following the notification of award, the former employee filed a motion with the State of Connecticut Superior Court in Bridgeport, CT to have the award confirmed. CTI followed with a motion to vacate the award. A hearing on those two motions was held before a judge in October 2011.

In January 2012, the judge denied the Company's motion to vacate the arbitration award in favor of its former CEO John B. Nano and granted Mr. Nano's application to confirm the award. Following the decision, CTI settled all disputes with its former Chairman and CEO John B. Nano. Pursuant to the settlement, CTI has released to Mr. Nano from escrow the $750,000 deposited by CTI following Mr. Nano's application for a prejudgment remedy. CTI paid an additional $25,000 as settlement of additional amounts of statutory interest. These amounts ($775,000) had been accrued at December 31, 2011. The settlement includes mutual general releases of any and all claims either party has or had against the other. The settlement agreement also includes a provision that neither CTI nor Mr. Nano would disparage the other. Should any such disparagement occur and litigation ensue, they further agreed that the prevailing party would be entitled to recover its costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney's fees. CTI's payments to Mr. Nano have been completed.

Unfair Trade Practices; U.S. District Court of Connecticut (Case completed) - In September 2011, the Company filed a complaint against an individual in U.S. District Court of Connecticut for (1) violation of the Connecticut Unfair Trade Practices Act, (2) tortious interference with business and economic expectancy, (3) libel and (4) injunctive relief. The complaint noted that the individual named in the civil action has, for more than a year, engaged in a systematic campaign to destroy the Company's trades and business, interfere with the Company's expectations and contracts and libel the Company by disseminating materially false and libelous statements about the Company on message boards throughout the Internet and otherwise. The Company sought punitive damages from the individual for his alleged unfair trade practices and wrongful interference with the Company's business. The case was concluded in March 2012. By the parties' stipulation settling the matter, the defendant agreed to cease his posting any statements on the Internet or publishing any statements elsewhere, orally or in writing, concerning CTI, CTI's officers, directors, and employees, the Calmare device, Marineo (the inventor of the Calmare device), or any other person or entity in connection with their purchase or use of the Calmare device.

Summary - We may be a party to other legal actions and proceedings from time to time. We are unable to estimate legal expenses or losses we may incur, if any, or possible damages we may recover, and we have not recorded any potential judgment losses or proceeds in our financial statements to date, with the exception of the accrued expenses related to the Nano case, previously disclosed. We record expenses in connection with these suits as incurred.

We believe that we carry adequate liability insurance, directors and officers insurance, casualty insurance, for owned or leased tangible assets, and other insurance as needed to cover us against potential and actual claims and lawsuits that occur in the ordinary course of our business. However, an unfavorable resolution of any or all matters, and/or our incurrence of significant legal fees and other costs to defend or prosecute any of these actions and proceedings may, depending on the amount and timing, have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows in a particular period.