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RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Leases. In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board's ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) as modified by subsequently issued ASUs 2018-01, 2018-10, 2018-11 and 2018-20. The Company adopted the standard effective January 1, 2019. We have elected to apply the current period transition approach as introduced by ASU 2018-11 for our transition at January 1, 2019 and we have elected to apply several of the practical expedients in conjunction with accounting policy elections. See Note 4 - Leases for further discussion.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Intangibles-Goodwill and Other. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract based on a consensus of the FASB’s Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) that requires implementation costs incurred by customers in cloud computing arrangements (CCAs) to be deferred and recognized over the term of the arrangement, if those costs would be capitalized by the customer in a software licensing arrangement under the internal-use software guidance in ASC 350-40, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software”. The ASU does not affect the accounting by cloud service providers, other software vendors or customers’ accounting for software licensing arrangements. The ASU will require companies to recognize deferred implementation costs to expense over the ‘term of the hosting arrangement’. Under the ASU, the term of the hosting arrangement comprises the non-cancellable period of the CCA plus any optional renewal periods that are reasonably certain to be exercised by the customer or for which exercise of the option is controlled by the vendor. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We will adopt the new standard beginning January 1, 2020. We do not anticipate that the new standard will have a material impact on our results of operations.

Fair Value Measurement. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13: Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement which eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements as part of its disclosure framework project. Entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, but public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements. The guidance is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and for interim periods within those fiscal years, but entities are permitted to early adopt either the entire standard or only the provisions that eliminate or modify the disclosure requirements. The new standard will not have an impact on our results of operations, but it will significantly modify our disclosures around fair value measurements.

Financial Instruments – Credit Losses. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13: Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, which replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology in current US GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses ("CECL"). The update is intended to provide financial statement users with more useful information about expected credit losses. 

We do not currently hold most of the financial instruments contemplated by the new standard, with the exception of trade receivables. CECL will become the single model to measure impairment on financial assets measured at amortized cost, which include trade receivables. Therefore, consistent with other types of financial assets measured at amortized cost, estimates of expected credit losses on trade receivables over their contractual life will be required to be recorded at inception, based on historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.
Currently, our reserve methodology for trade receivables is based on matrices in which historical loss percentages are applied to respective aging categories. CECL will require us to use a forward-looking methodology that incorporates lifetime expected credit losses. While our current reserving matrices may still be used under CECL, historical loss data will need to be combined with reasonable and supportable forecasts of future losses to determine estimated credit losses. The most visible impact of CECL will therefore be that receivables that are either current or not yet due, which today do not generally have a reserve, will have an allowance for expected credit losses.
The CECL model does not prescribe a specific methodology for developing a reasonable and supportable forecast, nor the duration of the period that losses can be forecast, nor the precision required to support the estimate. As a result, the determination of the reasonable and supportable forecast period is a judgment to be made in estimating the overall expected credit loss. Although the CECL model requires entities to perform this new evaluation for trade receivables, we generally do not expect to see a significant change in the impairment losses recognized on our trade receivables given their short-term nature. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. We will adopt the new guidance beginning January 1, 2020.