Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2015

Components of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities

The significant components of the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are presented below:



	December 31,
	2014			2015
Deferred Tax Assets:
Accrued liabilities	$	22,236		$	22,107
Deferred rent	3,144			4,426
Net operating loss carryforwards	64,718			69,290
Federal benefit of unrecognized tax benefits	14,859			12,327
Foreign deferred tax assets and other adjustments	8,620			8,698
Valuation allowance	(40,182		)	(60,009		)
	73,395			56,839
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Other assets, principally due to differences in amortization	(74,782		)	(66,254		)
Plant and equipment, principally due to differences in depreciation	(39,079		)	(23,408		)
	(113,861		)	(89,662		)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(40,466	)	$	(32,823	)

Schedule of current and noncurrent deferred tax assets (liabilities)

The current and noncurrent deferred tax assets (liabilities) are presented below:



	December 31,
	2014			2015
Deferred tax assets	$	16,655		$	26,668
Deferred tax liabilities	(2,463		)	(4,489		)
Current deferred tax assets, net	$	14,192		$	22,179
Deferred tax assets	$	56,740		$	30,171
Deferred tax liabilities	(111,398		)	(85,173		)
Noncurrent deferred tax liabilities, net	$	(54,658	)	$	(55,002	)

Roll forward of Valuation allowance

Rollforward of the valuation allowance is as follows:



Year Ended December 31,	Balance at Beginning of the Year		Charged (Credited) to Expense			Other Additions		Other Deductions(1)			Balance at End of the Year
2013	$	76,050	$	(27,186	)	$	—	$	(8,586	)	$	40,278
2014	40,278		9,404			—		(9,500		)	40,182
2015	40,182		33,509			—		(13,682		)	60,009

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(1)	Primarily due to fluctuations in currency exchange

Components of income (loss) from continuing operations before provision for income taxes

The components of income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes and gain on sale of real estate are:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2013		2014			2015
United States	$	63,930	$	202,067		$	179,928
Canada	39,038		46,191			37,131
Other Foreign	56,903		(24,885		)	(54,993		)
	$	159,871	$	223,373		$	162,066

Provision (benefit) for income taxes

The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of the following components:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
Federal—current	$	92,237		$	118,314		$	13,083
Federal—deferred	(64,441		)	(214,132		)	(9,579		)
State—current	10,152			28,034			522
State—deferred	(8,056		)	(47,814		)	158
Foreign—current	59,170			27,167			31,581
Foreign—deferred	(26,935		)	(8,844		)	1,948
	$	62,127		$	(97,275	)	$	37,713

Reconciliation of total income tax expense and amount computed by applying the federal income tax rate

A reconciliation of total income tax expense and the amount computed by applying the federal income tax rate of 35% to income from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes and gain on sale of real estate for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively, is as follows:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2013			2014			2015
Computed "expected" tax provision	$	55,955		$	78,181		$	56,723
Changes in income taxes resulting from:
Tax adjustment relating to REIT	—			(63,333		)	(51,625		)
Deferred tax adjustment and other taxes due to REIT conversion	—			(182,853		)	(9,067		)
State taxes (net of federal tax benefit)	4,384			2,207			2,017
Increase in valuation allowance (net operating losses)	2,832			9,404			33,509
Decrease in valuation allowance (foreign tax credits)	(30,018		)	—			—
Foreign repatriation	44,751			46,356			4,030
Foreign restructuring	17,691			—			—
Impairment of assets and other transaction costs	6,576			2,869			—
Reserve accrual (reversal) and audit settlements (net of federal tax benefit)	(16,322		)	3,175			(2,874		)
Foreign tax rate differential	(33,852		)	(9,496		)	(8,915		)
Disallowed foreign interest, Subpart F income, and other foreign taxes	9,708			12,502			18,022
Other, net	422			3,713			(4,107		)
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes	$	62,127		$	(97,275	)	$	37,713

Tax years subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions

A summary of tax years that remain subject to examination by major tax jurisdictions is as follows:




Tax Years		Tax Jurisdiction
See Below		United States—Federal and State
2006 to present		Canada
2010 to present		United Kingdom

Reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits

A reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:



Gross tax contingencies—December 31, 2012	$	37,563
Gross additions based on tax positions related to the current year	5,985
Gross additions for tax positions of prior years	20,275
Gross reductions for tax positions of prior years	(1,370		)
Lapses of statutes	(1,312		)
Settlements	(9,995		)
Gross tax contingencies—December 31, 2013	$	51,146
Gross additions based on tax positions related to the current year	3,984
Gross additions for tax positions of prior years	13,717
Gross reductions for tax positions of prior years	(2,699		)
Lapses of statutes	(5,350		)
Settlements	(4,847		)
Gross tax contingencies—December 31, 2014	$	55,951
Gross additions based on tax positions related to the current year	3,484
Gross additions for tax positions of prior years	979
Gross reductions for tax positions of prior years	(3,588		)
Lapses of statutes	(9,141		)
Settlements	—
Gross tax contingencies—December 31, 2015	$	47,685