Patents (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2018	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2017
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Patent costs	$ 614,151		$ 614,151		$ 558,873
Less accumulated amortization	(72,709)		(72,709)		(62,153)
Patent costs, less accumulated amortization	541,442		541,442		$ 496,720
Amortization expense	$ 6,823	$ 3,395	$ 10,558	$ 6,790

The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.

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Accumulated amount of amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.

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Amount before amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
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Amount after amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.

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