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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Feb. 01, 2014
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of A&F and its subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
CASH AND EQUIVALENTS
See Note 5, “CASH AND EQUIVALENTS.”
RABBI TRUST ASSETS
See Note 6, “RABBI TRUST ASSETS.
RECEIVABLES
Receivables primarily include credit card receivables, construction allowances, value added tax (“VAT”) receivables and other tax credits or refunds.
As part of the normal course of business, the Company has approximately three to four days of sales transactions outstanding with its third-party credit card vendors at any point. The Company classifies these outstanding balances as credit card receivables. Construction allowances are recorded for certain store lease agreements for improvements completed by the Company. VAT receivables are payments the Company has made on purchases of goods that will be recovered as those goods are sold.
INVENTORIES
Inventories are principally valued at the lower of cost or market on a weighted-average cost basis. The Company writes down inventory through a lower of cost or market adjustment, the impact of which is reflected in cost of goods sold in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. This adjustment is based on management's judgment regarding future demand and market conditions and analysis of historical experience. The lower of cost or market reserve for inventory as of February 1, 2014February 2, 2013 and January 28, 2012 was $22.1 million, $9.9 million and $13.0 million, respectively.
Additionally, as part of inventory valuation, inventory shrinkage estimates based on historical trends from actual physical inventories are made each period that reduce the inventory value for lost or stolen items. The Company performs physical inventories on a periodic basis and adjusts the shrink reserve accordingly. The shrink reserve was $13.6 million, $11.8 million and $10.3 million at February 1, 2014February 2, 2013 and January 28, 2012, respectively.
Ending inventory balances were $530.2 million, $427.0 million and $679.9 million at February 1, 2014February 2, 2013 and January 28, 2012, respectively. These balances included inventory in transit balances of $76.4 million, $34.8 million and $103.1 million at February 1, 2014February 2, 2013 and January 28, 2012, respectively. Inventory in transit is considered to be merchandise owned by Abercrombie & Fitch that has not yet been received at an Abercrombie & Fitch distribution center.
OTHER CURRENT ASSETS
Other current assets include prepaid rent, current store supplies, derivative contracts and other prepaids.
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment are computed for financial reporting purposes on a straight-line basis, using service lives which are principally: 30 years for buildings; from three to 15 years for leasehold improvements and furniture and fixtures; from three to seven years for information technology; and from three to 20 years for other property and equipment; or the applicable lease term, whichever is shorter. The cost of assets sold or retired and the related accumulated depreciation or amortization are removed from the accounts with any resulting gain or loss included in net income. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. Major remodels and improvements that extend the service lives of the related assets are capitalized.
Long-lived assets, primarily comprised of property and equipment, are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. The primary triggering events are (1) when the Company believes that it is more likely than not that long-lived assets will be disposed of before the end of their previously estimated useful life (e.g., store closures before the end of a lease) and (2) if the Company’s performance in any quarter indicates that there has been a long-term and significant change in the economics of the business. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairments in the quarter in which a triggering event occurs.
In addition, the Company conducts an annual impairment analysis in the fourth quarter of each year. For the purposes of the annual review, the Company reviews long-lived assets associated with stores that have an operating loss in the current year and have been open for at least two full years.
The reviews are conducted at the individual store level, which is the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and liabilities.
The impairment evaluation is performed as a two-step test. First, the Company utilizes an undiscounted future cash flow model to test the individual asset groups for recoverability. If the net carrying value of the asset group exceeds the undiscounted cash flows, the Company proceeds to step two. Under step two, an impairment loss is recognized for the excess of net book value over the fair value of the assets. Factors used in the evaluation include, but are not limited to, management’s plans for future operations, recent operating results and projected cash flows. See Note 8, “PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET,” for further discussion.
The Company expenses all internal-use software costs incurred in the preliminary project stage and capitalizes certain direct costs associated with the development and purchase of internal-use software within property and equipment. Capitalized costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the software, generally not exceeding seven years.
INCOME TAXES
Income taxes are calculated using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based on the difference between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using current enacted tax rates in effect for the years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse. Inherent in the measurement of deferred balances are certain judgments and interpretations of enacted tax law and published guidance with respect to their applicability to the Company’s operations. A valuation allowance is established against deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Currently, there is an insignificant valuation allowance provided for foreign net operating losses.
The Company records tax expense or benefit that does not relate to ordinary income in the current fiscal year discretely in the period in which it occurs. Examples of such types of discrete items include, but are not limited to: changes in estimates of the outcome of tax matters related to prior years, provision-to-return adjustments, tax-exempt income, and the settlement of tax audits.
See Note 14, “INCOME TAXES,” for a discussion regarding the Company’s policies for uncertain tax positions.
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION AND TRANSACTIONS
The majority of the Company’s international operations use local currencies as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. Dollars (the reporting currency) at the exchange rate prevailing at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. Dollars at historical exchange rates. Revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. Dollars at the monthly average exchange rate for the period. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in the results of operations; whereas, translation adjustments and inter-company loans of a long-term investment nature are reported as an element of Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). Foreign currency transactions resulted in a gain of $2.9 million, $3.3 million and $1.3 million for Fiscal 2013, Fiscal 2012 and Fiscal 2011, respectively.
DERIVATIVES
See Note 17, “DERIVATIVES.
CONTINGENCIES
In the normal course of business, the Company must make estimates of potential future legal obligations and liabilities, which requires the use of management’s judgment on the outcome of various issues. Management may also use outside legal advice to assist in the estimation process. However, the ultimate outcome of various legal issues could be different than management estimates, and adjustments may be required. See Note 21, “CONTINGENCIES,” for further discussion.
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
At February 1, 2014 and February 2, 2013, there were 150.0 million shares of A&F’s Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value, authorized, of which 76.4 million and 78.4 million shares were outstanding at February 1, 2014 and February 2, 2013, respectively, and 106.4 million shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value, authorized, none of which were outstanding at February 1, 2014 and February 2, 2013.
Holders of Class A Common Stock generally have identical rights to holders of Class B Common Stock, except holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share while holders of Class B Common Stock are entitled to three votes per share on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
The Company recognizes store sales at the time the customer takes possession of the merchandise. Direct-to-consumer sales are recorded based on an estimated date for customer receipt of merchandise, which is based on shipping terms and historical delivery transit times. Amounts relating to shipping and handling billed to customers in a sale transaction are classified as revenue and the related direct shipping and handling costs are classified as Stores and Distribution Expense. Associate discounts are classified as a reduction of net sales. The Company reserves for sales returns through estimates based on historical experience. The sales return reserve was $8.0 million, $9.3 million and $7.0 million at February 1, 2014February 2, 2013 and January 28, 2012, respectively.
The Company sells gift cards in its stores and through direct-to-consumer operations. The Company accounts for gift cards sold to customers by recognizing a liability at the time of sale. Gift cards sold to customers do not expire or lose value over periods of inactivity. The liability remains on the Company’s books until the Company recognizes income from gift cards. Income from gift cards is recognized at the earlier of redemption by the customer (recognized as net sales) or when the Company determines that the likelihood of redemption is remote, referred to as “gift card breakage” (recognized as other operating income). The Company determines the probability of the gift card being redeemed to be remote based on historical redemption patterns. At February 1, 2014 and February 2, 2013, the gift card liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets were $42.5 million and $47.7 million, respectively.
The Company is not required by law to escheat the value of unredeemed gift cards to the states in which it operates. During Fiscal 2013, Fiscal 2012 and Fiscal 2011, the Company recognized other operating income for gift card breakage of $8.8 million, $6.9 million and $7.2 million, respectively.
The Company does not include tax amounts collected as part of the sales transaction in its net sales results.
COST OF GOODS SOLD
Cost of goods sold is primarily comprised of: cost incurred to ready inventory for sale, including product costs, freight, and import cost, as well as changes in reserves for shrink and lower of cost or market reserves. Gains and losses associated with foreign currency exchange contracts related to hedging of inventory purchases are also recognized in cost of goods sold when the inventory being hedged is sold.
STORES AND DISTRIBUTION EXPENSE
Stores and distribution expense includes store payroll, store management, rent, utilities and other landlord expenses, depreciation and amortization, repairs and maintenance and other store support functions, as well as Direct-to-Consumer expense and Distribution Center (“DC”) expense.
Shipping and handling costs, including costs incurred to store, move and prepare products for shipment, and costs incurred to physically move the product to the customer, associated with direct-to-consumer operations were $93.4 million, $78.6 million and $53.6 million for Fiscal 2013, Fiscal 2012 and Fiscal 2011, respectively. Handling costs, including costs incurred to store, move and prepare the products for shipment to the stores were $53.9 million, $59.4 million and $62.8 million for Fiscal 2013, Fiscal 2012 and Fiscal 2011, respectively. These amounts are recorded in Stores and Distribution Expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Costs incurred to physically move the product to the stores is recorded in Cost of Goods Sold in our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income.
MARKETING, GENERAL & ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSE
Marketing, general and administrative expense includes: photography and social media; store marketing; home office compensation, except for those departments included in stores and distribution expense; information technology; outside services such as legal and consulting; relocation; recruiting; samples and travel expenses.
RESTRUCTURING CHARGES
Restructuring charges consist of exit costs and other costs associated with the reorganization of the Company's operations, including employee termination costs, lease contract termination costs, impairment of assets, and any other qualifying exit costs. Costs associated with exit or disposal activities are recorded when the liability is incurred or when such costs are deemed probable and estimable and represent the Company's best estimates.
OTHER OPERATING EXPENSE (INCOME), NET
Other operating expense (income) consists primarily of the following: income related to gift card balances whose likelihood of redemption has been determined to be remote; gains and losses on foreign currency transactions; business interruption insurance recoveries; and the Fiscal 2012 and Fiscal 2011 net impact of the change in valuation related to other-than-temporary impairments associated with auction rate securities ("ARS").
WEBSITE AND ADVERTISING COSTS
Advertising costs are comprised of in-store photography, email distribution and other e-commerce direct advertising, and other media advertising. The production of in-store photography and signage are expensed when the marketing campaign commences as a component of Marketing, General and Administrative Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. Website and other advertising costs related specifically to direct-to-consumer operations are expensed as incurred as a component of Stores and Distribution Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. All other advertising costs are expensed as incurred as a component of Marketing, General and Administrative Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. The Company recognized $44.4 million, $36.2 million and $28.3 million in advertising expense in Fiscal 2013, Fiscal 2012 and Fiscal 2011, respectively.
LEASES
The Company leases property for its stores under operating leases. Lease agreements may contain construction allowances, rent escalation clauses and/or contingent rent provisions.
For construction allowances, the Company records a deferred lease credit on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortizes the deferred lease credit as a reduction of rent expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income over the terms of the leases.
For scheduled rent escalation clauses during the lease terms, the Company records minimum rental expense on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income. The difference between the rent expense and the amount payable under the lease is included in Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The term of the lease over which the Company amortizes construction allowances and minimum rental expenses on a straight-line basis begins on the date of initial possession, which is generally when the Company enters the space and begins construction.
Certain leases provide for contingent rents, which are determined as a percentage of gross sales. The Company records a contingent rent liability in Accrued Expenses on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the corresponding rent expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income when management determines that achieving the specified levels during the fiscal year is probable. In addition, most of the leases require payment of real estate taxes, insurance and certain common area maintenance costs in addition to the future minimum lease payments.
In certain lease arrangements, the Company is involved with the construction of the building. If it is determined that the Company has substantially all of the risks of ownership during construction of the leased property and therefore is deemed to be the owner of the construction project, the Company records an asset for the amount of the total project costs and an amount related to the value attributed to the pre-existing leased building in Property and Equipment, Net and the related financing obligation in Leasehold Financing Obligations on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Once construction is complete, if it is determined that the asset does not qualify for sale-leaseback accounting treatment, the Company continues to amortize the obligation over the lease term and depreciates the asset over its useful life. The Company does not report rent expense for the portion of the rent payment determined to be related to the assets which are owned for accounting purposes. Rather, this portion of the rent payment under the lease is recognized as a reduction of the financing obligation and interest expense.
STORE PRE-OPENING EXPENSES
Pre-opening expenses related to new store openings are charged to operations as incurred.
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS
Costs to design and develop the Company’s merchandise are expensed as incurred and are reflected as a component of “Marketing, General and Administrative Expense.”
NET INCOME PER SHARE
Net income per basic share is computed based on the weighted-average number of outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock (“Common Stock”). Net income per diluted share includes the weighted-average effect of dilutive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and performance share awards.
Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding and Anti-Dilutive Shares (in thousands):
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Shares of Common Stock issued
103,300

 
103,300

 
103,300

Treasury shares
(26,143
)
 
(21,360
)
 
(16,452
)
Weighted-Average — basic shares
77,157

 
81,940

 
86,848

Dilutive effect of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and performance share awards
1,509

 
1,235

 
2,689

Weighted-Average — diluted shares
78,666

 
83,175

 
89,537

Anti-Dilutive shares (1)
4,630

 
5,228

 
2,452

 
(1) 
Reflects the number of shares subject to outstanding stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units and performance share awards but excluded from the computation of net income per diluted share because the impact would be anti-dilutive.
SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
See Note 4, “SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION.”
USE OF ESTIMATES IN THE PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Since actual results may differ from those estimates, the Company revises its estimates and assumptions as new information becomes available.