We enter into derivative instruments for risk management purposes only, including derivatives designated as hedging instruments under the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) and those utilized as economic hedges. We operate internationally and, in the normal course of business, are exposed to fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and commodity prices. These fluctuations can increase the costs of financing, investing and operating the business. We have used derivative instruments, including swaps, forward contracts and options to manage certain foreign currency, interest rate and commodity price exposures.

By their nature, all financial instruments involve market and credit risks. We enter into derivative and other financial instruments with major investment grade financial institutions and have policies to monitor the credit risk of those counterparties. We limit counterparty exposure and concentration of risk by diversifying counterparties. While there can be no assurance, we do not anticipate any material non-performance by any of these counterparties.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts. We manage our foreign currency transaction risks to acceptable limits through the use of derivatives that hedge forecasted cash flows associated with foreign currency transaction exposures, which are accounted for as cash flow hedges, as we deem appropriate. To the extent these derivatives are effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, and otherwise meet the hedge accounting criteria of the Derivatives and Hedging Topic of the FASB ASC, the changes in the derivatives' fair values are not included in current earnings but are included in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” These changes in fair value will subsequently be reclassified into earnings as a component of product sales or expenses, as applicable, when the forecasted transaction occurs. To the extent that a previously designated hedging transaction is no longer an effective hedge, any ineffectiveness measured in the hedging relationship is recorded currently in earnings in the period in which it occurs.

To the extent the hedge accounting criteria are not met, the foreign currency forward contracts are utilized as economic hedges and changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded currently in earnings in the period in which they occur. These include hedges that are used to reduce exchange rate risks arising from the change in fair value of certain foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities (e.g. payables, receivables) and other economic hedges where the hedge accounting criteria were not met.

The four quarter rolling average of the notional amount of foreign exchange contracts hedging foreign currency transactions was $10.1 billion and $8.5 billion at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

Commodity Forward Contracts. We enter into commodity forward contracts to reduce the risk of fluctuations in the price we pay for certain commodities (e.g., nickel) which are used directly in the production of our products, or are components of the products we procure to use in the production of our products. These hedges are economic hedges and the changes in fair value of these contracts are recorded currently in earnings in the period in which they occur. The fair value and outstanding notional amount of contracts hedging commodity exposures were insignificant at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.

The following table summarizes the fair value of derivative instruments as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

(Dollars in millions)		Balance Sheet Asset Location	September 30, 2011		December 31, 2010

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
	Foreign Exchange Contracts	Other assets, current	$	38	$	73
	Foreign Exchange Contracts	Other assets		1		24
				39		97

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
	Foreign Exchange Contracts	Other assets, current		58		31
	Foreign Exchange Contracts	Other assets		4		5
				62		36

Total Asset Derivative Contracts			$	101	$	133

		Balance Sheet Liability Location
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
	Foreign Exchange Contracts	Accrued liabilities	$	62	$	16
	Foreign Exchange Contracts	Other long-term liabilities		46		1
				108		17

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
	Foreign Exchange Contracts	Accrued liabilities		74		33
	Foreign Exchange Contracts	Other long-term liabilities		1		3
				75		36

Total Liability Derivative Contracts			$	183	$	53

The impact from foreign exchange derivative instruments that qualified as cash flow hedges was as follows:

	Quarter Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions)	2011		2010		2011		2010
(Loss) gain recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(125)	$	63	$	(25)	$	44
Gain reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss into Product sales (effective portion)	$	17	$	35	$	93	$	76

Assuming current market conditions continue, a $1 million pre-tax loss is expected to be reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss into Product sales to reflect the fixed prices obtained from foreign exchange hedging within the next 12 months. At September 30, 2011, all derivative contracts accounted for as cash flow hedges will mature by September 2013.

The effect on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations from foreign exchange contracts not designated as hedging instruments was as follows:

	Quarter Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions)		2011		2010		2011		2010
(Loss) gain recognized in Other income (expense), net	$	(51)	$	107	$	(23)	$	131

Fair Value Disclosure. The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands the related disclosure requirements. The Topic indicates, among other things, that a fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell an asset or transfer a liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability, and also defines fair value based upon an exit price model.

Valuation Hierarchy. The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure Topic of the FASB ASC establishes a valuation hierarchy for disclosure of the inputs to the valuations used to measure fair value. A financial asset or liability's classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following table provides the assets and liabilities carried at fair value measured on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

(Dollars in millions)	Total Carrying Value at September 30, 2011		Quoted price in active markets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Available-for-sale securities	$	808	$	808	$	-	$	-
Derivative assets		101		-		101		-
Derivative liabilities		183		-		183		-

(Dollars in millions)	Total Carrying Value at December 31, 2010		Quoted price in active markets (Level 1)		Significant other observable inputs (Level 2)		Unobservable inputs (Level 3)
Available-for-sale securities	$	829	$	829	$	-	$	-
Derivative assets		133		-		133		-
Derivative liabilities		53		-		53		-

Valuation Techniques. Our available-for-sale securities include equity investments that are traded in active markets, either domestically or internationally. They are measured at fair value using closing stock prices from active markets and are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Our derivative assets and liabilities include foreign exchange contracts and commodity derivatives that are measured at fair value using internal models based on observable market inputs such as forward rates, interest rates, our own credit risk and our counterparties' credit risks. Based on these inputs, the derivative assets and liabilities are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. Based on our continued ability to trade securities and enter into forward contracts, we consider the markets for our fair value instruments to be active. As of September 30, 2011, there were no significant transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2.

As of September 30, 2011, there has not been any significant impact to the fair value of our derivative liabilities due to our own credit risk. Similarly, there has not been any significant adverse impact to our derivative assets based on our evaluation of our counterparties' credit risks.

The following table provides carrying amounts and fair values of financial instruments that are not carried at fair value at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:

	September 30, 2011				December 31, 2010
(Dollars in millions)	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Long-term receivables	$	276	$	265	$	300	$	276
Customer financing notes receivable		335		326		376		346
Long-term debt (excluding capitalized leases)		(10,079)		(12,045)		(10,117)		(11,500)

The above fair values were computed based on comparable transactions, quoted market prices, discounted future cash flows or an estimate of the amount to be received or paid to terminate or settle the agreement, as applicable. Differences between carrying amounts and fair value are attributable to interest and/or credit rate changes subsequent to when the transaction occurred. The fair values of Cash and cash equivalents, Accounts receivable, net, Short-term borrowings, and Accounts payable approximate the carrying amounts due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.

We had outstanding commercial aerospace financing and other contractual commitments totaling approximately $2.2 billion and $2.0 billion at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. Risks associated with changes in interest rates on these commitments are mitigated by the fact that interest rates are variable during the commitment term, and are set at the date of funding based on current market conditions, the fair value of the underlying collateral and the credit worthiness of the customers. As a result, the fair value of these financings is expected to equal the amounts funded. The fair value of the commitment itself is not readily determinable and is not considered significant.