Income Taxes (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Effective Income Tax Rate

For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, our effective income tax rates were as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Effective income tax expense (benefit) rate(a)	(544	)%	32	%

^(a) 

In all periods presented, we maintained our valuation allowance on our net federal deferred tax assets in the U.S.