SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation — The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States. GAAP
Principles of Consolidation	Principles of Consolidation — The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Option Care Health, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2023, cash equivalents consisted of money market funds.
Accounts Receivable	Accounts Receivable — The Company’s accounts receivable are reported at the net realizable value amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing services, which is inclusive of adjustments for price concessions. The majority of accounts receivable are due from private insurance carriers and governmental healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid. Price concessions may result from patient hardships, patient uncollectible accounts sent to collection agencies, lack of recovery due to not receiving prior authorization, differing interpretations of covered therapies in payer contracts, different pricing methodologies, or various other reasons. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), an allowance for doubtful accounts is established only as a result of an adverse change in the Company’s payers’ ability to pay outstanding billings.
Inventories	Inventories — Inventories, which consists primarily of pharmaceuticals, is stated at the lower of first‑in, first‑out cost or net realizable value basis, which the Company believes is reflective of the physical flow of inventories.
Leases	Leases — The Company has lease agreements for facilities, warehouses, office space and property and equipment. At the inception of a contract, the Company determines if the contract is a lease or contains an embedded lease arrangement. Operating leases are included in the operating lease right-of-use asset (“ROU asset”) and operating lease liabilities in the consolidated financial statements. ROU assets, which represent the Company’s right to use the leased assets, and operating lease liabilities, which represent the present value of unpaid lease payments, are both recognized by the Company at the lease commencement date. The Company utilizes its estimated incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date to determine the present value of unpaid lease obligations. The rates are estimated primarily using a methodology dependent on the Company’s financial condition, creditworthiness, and availability of certain observable data. In particular, the Company considers its actual cost of borrowing for collateralized loans and its credit rating, along with the corporate bond yield curve in estimating its incremental borrowing rates. ROU assets are recorded as the amount of operating lease liability, adjusted for prepayments, accrued lease payments, initial direct costs, lease incentives, and impairment of the ROU asset. Tenant improvement allowances used to fund leasehold improvements are recognized when earned and reduce the related ROU asset. Tenant improvement allowances are recognized through the ROU asset as a reduction of expense over the term of the lease. Leases may contain rent escalations, however the Company recognizes the lease expense on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. The Company reviews the terms of any lease renewal options to determine if it is reasonably certain that the renewal options will be exercised. The Company has determined that the expected lease term is typically the minimum non-cancelable period of the lease. The Company has lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components which the Company has elected to account for as a single lease component for all asset classes. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
Goodwill, Intangible Assets, Property and Equipment, and Referral Sources	Goodwill, Intangible Assets, Property and Equipment, and Referral Sources — Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company accounts for goodwill under ASC Topic 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other. The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually, or more frequently whenever events or circumstances indicate impairment may exist. Goodwill is stated at cost less accumulated impairment losses. The Company completes its goodwill impairment test annually in the fourth quarter on a qualitative basis. See Note 10, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for further discussion of the Company’s goodwill and other intangible assets. Intangible assets arising from the Company’s acquisitions are amortized on a straight‑line basis over the estimated useful life of each asset. Referral sources have a useful life of fifteen to twenty years. Trademarks/names have a useful life ranging from two to fifteen years. The useful lives for other amortizable intangible assets range from approximately two to nine years. The Company does not have any indefinite‑lived intangible assets.
Property and Equipment	Property and equipment is recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation on owned property and equipment is provided for on a straight‑line basis over the estimated useful lives of owned assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the estimated useful life of the property or over the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Estimated useful lives are seven years for infusion pumps and three to thirteen years for equipment. Major repairs, which extend the useful life of an asset, are capitalized in the property and equipment accounts. Routine maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Computer software is included in property and equipment and consists of purchased software and internally-developed software. The Company capitalizes application-stage development costs for significant internally-developed software projects. Once the software is ready for its intended use, these costs are amortized on a straight‑line basis over the software’s estimated useful life, generally five years. Costs recognized in the preliminary project phase and the post-implementation phase, as well as maintenance and training costs, are expensed as incurred. The Company assesses long‑lived assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that a certain asset or asset group may be impaired. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flows basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value.
Equity Method Investments	Equity-Method Investments — The Company’s investments in certain unconsolidated entities are accounted for under the equity method. The balance of these investments is included in other noncurrent assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the balance of the investments was $20.9 million and $19.4 million, respectively. The investments are increased to reflect the Company’s capital contributions and equity in earnings of the investees. The investments are decreased to reflect the Company’s equity in losses of the investees and for distributions received that are not in excess of the carrying amount of the investments. The Company’s proportionate share of earnings or losses of the investees is recorded in equity in earnings of joint ventures in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The Company’s proportionate share of earnings was $5.5 million, $5.1 million and $6.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Distributions from the investees are treated as cash inflows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company received distributions from the investees of $4.0 million, $5.9 million and $2.9 million, respectively. See Note 17, Related-Party Transactions, for discussion of related-party transactions with these investees.
Hedging Instruments	Hedging Instruments — The Company uses derivative financial instruments to limit its exposure to increases in the interest rate of its variable rate debt instruments. The derivative financial instruments are recognized on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. See Note 12, Derivative Instruments, for additional information. At inception of the hedge, the Company designated the derivative instruments as a hedge of the cash flows related to the interest on the variable rate debt. For all instruments designated as hedges, the Company documents the hedging relationships and its risk management objective of the hedging relationship. For all hedging instruments, the terms of the hedge perfectly offset the hedged expected cash flows.
Revenue Recognition	Revenue Recognition — Net revenue is reported at the net realizable value amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing goods and services. Revenues are from government payers, commercial payers, and patients for goods and services provided and are based on a gross price based on payer contracts, fee schedules, or other arrangements less any implicit price concessions. Due to the nature of the healthcare industry and the reimbursement environment in which the Company operates, certain estimates are required to record revenue and accounts receivable at their net realizable values at the time goods or services are provided. Inherent in these estimates is the risk that they will have to be revised or updated as additional information becomes available. The Company assesses the expected consideration to be received at the time of patient acceptance, based on the verification of the patient’s insurance coverage, historical information with the patient, similar patients, or the payer. Performance obligations are determined based on the nature of the services provided by the Company. The majority of the Company’s performance obligations are to provide infusion services to deliver medicine, nutrients, or fluids directly into the body. The Company provides a variety of infusion-related therapies to patients, which frequently include multiple deliverables of pharmaceutical drugs and related nursing services. After applying the criteria from ASC 606, the Company concluded that multiple performance obligations exist in its contracts with its customers. Revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on relative standalone price, determined based on reimbursement rates established in the third-party payer contracts. Pharmaceutical drug revenue is recognized at the time the pharmaceutical drug is delivered to the patient, and nursing revenue is recognized on the date of service. The Company's outstanding performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year. Therefore, the Company has elected to apply the practical expedient provided by ASC 606 and is not required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. Any unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations at the end of a reporting period are generally completed prior to the patient being discharged.
Cost of Revenue	Cost of Revenue — Cost of revenue consists of the actual cost of pharmaceuticals and other medical supplies dispensed to patients, as well as all other costs directly related to the production of revenue. These costs include warehousing costs, purchasing costs, freight costs, cash discounts, wages and related costs for pharmacists and nurses, along with depreciation expense relating to revenue-generating assets, such as infusion pumps. The Company also receives rebates from pharmaceutical and medical supply manufacturers. Rebates are generally volume-based incentives and are recorded as a reduction of inventory and are accounted for as a reduction of cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses	Selling, General and Administrative Expenses — Selling, general and administrative expenses mainly consist of salaries for administrative employees that directly and indirectly support the operations, occupancy costs, marketing expenditures, insurance, and professional fees.
Stock Based Incentive Compensation	Stock Based Incentive Compensation — The Company accounts for stock-based incentive compensation expense in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). Stock-based incentive compensation expense is based on the grant date fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and the fair value of restricted stock unit awards using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. For awards with a service-based vesting condition, the Company recognizes expense on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award. For awards with performance-based vesting conditions, the Company will recognize expense when it is probable that the performance-based conditions will be met. When the Company determines that it is probable that the performance-based conditions will be met, a cumulative catch-up of expense will be recorded as if the award had been vesting on a straight-line basis from the award date. The award will continue to be expensed on a straight-line basis through the remainder of the vesting period and will be updated if the Company determines that there has been a change in the probability of achieving the performance-based conditions. The Company records the impact of forfeited awards in the period in which the forfeiture occurs.
Business Acquisitions	Business Acquisitions — The Company accounts for business acquisitions in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, with assets and liabilities being recorded at their acquisition date fair value and goodwill being calculated as the purchase price in excess of the net identifiable assets.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes — The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reported for book-tax basis differences and are measured based on currently enacted tax laws using rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rate on deferred taxes is recognized in income tax expense in the period that includes the enactment date of the change. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts more likely than not to be realized. The Company recognizes income tax positions that are more likely than not to be sustained on their technical merits. The Company measures recognized income tax positions at the maximum benefit that is more likely than not, based on cumulative probability, realizable upon final settlement of the position. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are reported in income tax expense (benefit).
Concentrations of Business Risk	Concentrations of Business Risk — The Company generates revenue from managed care contracts and other agreements with commercial third-party payers. Revenue related to the Company’s largest payer was approximately 14%, 14% and 16% for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. There were no other managed care contracts that represent greater than 10% of revenue for the years presented. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, approximately 12%, 12% and 12%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue was reimbursable through direct government healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 12% and 13%, respectively, of the Company’s accounts receivable was related to these programs. Governmental programs pay for services based on fee schedules and rates that are determined by the related governmental agency. Laws and regulations pertaining to government programs are complex and subject to interpretation. As a result, there is at least a reasonable possibility that recorded estimates will change in the near term. The Company does not require its patients nor other payers to carry collateral for any amounts owed for goods or services provided. Other than as discussed above, concentrations of credit risk relating to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the Company’s diversity of patients and payers. Further, the Company generally does not provide charity care; however, Option Care Health offers a financial assistance program for patients that meet certain defined hardship criteria. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, approximately 72%, 73% and 74%, respectively, of the Company’s pharmaceutical and medical supply purchases were from four vendors. Although there are a limited number of suppliers, the Company believes that other vendors could provide similar products on comparable terms. However, a change in suppliers could cause delays in service delivery and possible losses in revenue, which could adversely affect the Company’s financial condition or operating results.
Fair Value Measurements	Fair Value Measurements — The fair value measurement accounting standard, ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), provides a framework for measuring fair value and defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability. Fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined using assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The standard establishes a valuation hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on independent market data sources. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available. The valuation hierarchy is composed of three categories. The categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The categories within the valuation hierarchy are described as follows: •Level 1 - Inputs to the fair value measurement are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. •Level 2 - Inputs to the fair value measurement include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. •Level 3 - Inputs to the fair value measurement are unobservable inputs or valuation techniques. While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS Fair value measurements are determined by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. The hierarchy places the highest priority on unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and gives the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of inputs within the fair value hierarchy are defined in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. First Lien Term Loan: The fair value of the First Lien Term Loan is derived from a broker quote on the loans in the syndication (Level 2 inputs). See Note 11, Indebtedness, for further discussion of the carrying amount and fair value of the First Lien Term Loan. Senior Notes: The fair value of the Senior Notes is derived from a broker quote (Level 2 inputs). See Note 11, Indebtedness, for further discussion of the carrying amount and fair value of the Senior Notes. Interest Rate Cap: The fair value of the interest rate cap is derived from the interest rates prevalent in the market and future expectations of those interest rates (Level 2 inputs). The Company determines the fair value of the investments based on quoted prices from third-party brokers. See Note 12, Derivative Instruments, for further discussion of the fair value of the interest rate cap. Money Market Funds: The fair value of the money market funds is derived from the closing price reported by the fund sponsor and classified as cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets (Level 1 inputs). There were no other assets or liabilities measured at fair value at December 31, 2023 or 2022.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements	Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements — In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU addresses investor requests for more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The ASU improves the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The ASU allows investors to better assess, in their capital allocation decisions, how an entity’s worldwide operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operational opportunities affect its income tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. This ASU also improves the effectiveness and comparability of disclosures by adding disclosures of pretax income (loss) and income tax expense (benefit) to be consistent with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Regulation S-X and removing disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial or relevant. The Company is required to adopt this ASU for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its results of operations, cash flows, financial position, and disclosures. In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU improves the disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and addresses requests from investors for additional, more detailed information about a reportable segment’s expenses. The ASU improves financial reporting by requiring disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities, including those public entities that have a single reportable segment, to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyses. The Company is required to adopt this ASU for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. Once adopted the Company will apply the ASU retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its results of operations, cash flows, financial position, and disclosures. In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. This ASU is the result of the Board’s decision to incorporate into the Codification 14 disclosures referred by the SEC. The ASU represents changes to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of Topics. Many of the amendments allow users to more easily compare entities subject to the SEC’s existing disclosures with those entities that were not previously subject to the SEC’s requirements. Also, the amendments align the requirements in the Codification with the SEC’s regulations. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption permitted. If by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from the Codification and will not become effective. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its results of operations, cash flows, financial position, and disclosures.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Basis of Presentation — The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States. GAAP

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation — The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Option Care Health, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents — The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2023, cash equivalents consisted of money market funds.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts Receivable — The Company’s accounts receivable are reported at the net realizable value amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing services, which is inclusive of adjustments for price concessions. The majority of accounts receivable are due from private insurance carriers and governmental healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid.

Price concessions may result from patient hardships, patient uncollectible accounts sent to collection agencies, lack of recovery due to not receiving prior authorization, differing interpretations of covered therapies in payer contracts, different pricing methodologies, or various other reasons. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), an allowance for doubtful accounts is established only as a result of an adverse change in the Company’s payers’ ability to pay outstanding billings.

Inventories

Inventories — Inventories, which consists primarily of pharmaceuticals, is stated at the lower of first‑in, first‑out cost or net realizable value basis, which the Company believes is reflective of the physical flow of inventories.

Leases

Leases — The Company has lease agreements for facilities, warehouses, office space and property and equipment. At the inception of a contract, the Company determines if the contract is a lease or contains an embedded lease arrangement. Operating leases are included in the operating lease right-of-use asset (“ROU asset”) and operating lease liabilities in the consolidated financial statements.

ROU assets, which represent the Company’s right to use the leased assets, and operating lease liabilities, which represent the present value of unpaid lease payments, are both recognized by the Company at the lease commencement date. The Company utilizes its estimated incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date to determine the present value of unpaid lease obligations. The rates are estimated primarily using a methodology dependent on the Company’s financial condition, creditworthiness, and availability of certain observable data. In particular, the Company considers its actual cost of borrowing for collateralized loans and its credit rating, along with the corporate bond yield curve in estimating its incremental borrowing rates. ROU assets are recorded as the amount of operating lease liability, adjusted for prepayments, accrued lease payments, initial direct costs, lease incentives, and impairment of the ROU asset. Tenant improvement allowances used to fund leasehold improvements are recognized when earned and reduce the related ROU asset. Tenant improvement allowances are recognized through the ROU asset as a reduction of expense over the term of the lease.

Leases may contain rent escalations, however the Company recognizes the lease expense on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term. The Company reviews the terms of any lease renewal options to determine if it is reasonably certain that the renewal options will be exercised. The Company has determined that the expected lease term is typically the minimum non-cancelable period of the lease.

The Company has lease agreements that contain both lease and non-lease components which the Company has elected to account for as a single lease component for all asset classes. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Goodwill, Intangible Assets, Property and Equipment, and Referral Sources

Goodwill, Intangible Assets, Property and Equipment, and Referral Sources — Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company accounts for goodwill under ASC Topic 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other. The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually, or more frequently whenever events or circumstances indicate impairment may exist. Goodwill is stated at cost less accumulated impairment losses. The Company completes its goodwill impairment test annually in the fourth quarter on a qualitative basis. See Note 10, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for further discussion of the Company’s goodwill and other intangible assets.

Intangible assets arising from the Company’s acquisitions are amortized on a straight‑line basis over the estimated useful life of each asset. Referral sources have a useful life of fifteen to twenty years. Trademarks/names have a useful life ranging from two to fifteen years. The useful lives for other amortizable intangible assets range from approximately two to nine years. The Company does not have any indefinite‑lived intangible assets.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment is recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation on owned property and equipment is provided for on a straight‑line basis over the estimated useful lives of owned assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the estimated useful life of the property or over the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Estimated useful lives are seven years for infusion pumps and three to thirteen years for equipment. Major repairs, which extend the useful life of an asset, are capitalized in the property and equipment accounts. Routine maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. Computer software is included in property and equipment and consists of purchased software and internally-developed software. The Company capitalizes application-stage development costs for significant internally-developed software projects. Once the software is ready for its intended use, these costs are amortized on a straight‑line basis over the software’s estimated useful life, generally five years. Costs recognized in the preliminary project phase and the post-implementation phase, as well as maintenance and training costs, are expensed as incurred.

The Company assesses long‑lived assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that a certain asset or asset group may be impaired. If circumstances require a long-lived asset or asset group be tested for possible impairment, the Company first compares undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted cash flows basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds its fair value.

Equity Method Investments

Equity-Method Investments — The Company’s investments in certain unconsolidated entities are accounted for under the equity method. The balance of these investments is included in other noncurrent assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the balance of the investments was $20.9 million and $19.4 million, respectively. The investments are increased to reflect the Company’s capital contributions and equity in earnings of the investees. The investments are decreased to reflect the Company’s equity in losses of the investees and for distributions received that are not in excess of the carrying amount of the investments. The Company’s proportionate share of earnings or losses of the investees is recorded in equity in earnings of joint ventures in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The Company’s proportionate share of earnings was $5.5 million, $5.1 million and $6.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Distributions from the investees are treated as cash inflows from operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company received distributions from the investees of $4.0 million, $5.9 million and $2.9 million, respectively. See Note 17, Related-Party Transactions, for discussion of related-party transactions with these investees.

Hedging Instruments

Hedging Instruments — The Company uses derivative financial instruments to limit its exposure to increases in the interest rate of its variable rate debt instruments. The derivative financial instruments are recognized on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. See Note 12, Derivative Instruments, for additional information.

At inception of the hedge, the Company designated the derivative instruments as a hedge of the cash flows related to the interest on the variable rate debt. For all instruments designated as hedges, the Company documents the hedging relationships and its risk management objective of the hedging relationship. For all hedging instruments, the terms of the hedge perfectly offset the hedged expected cash flows.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition — Net revenue is reported at the net realizable value amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing goods and services. Revenues are from government payers, commercial payers, and patients for goods and services provided and are based on a gross price based on payer contracts, fee schedules, or other arrangements less any implicit price concessions.

Due to the nature of the healthcare industry and the reimbursement environment in which the Company operates, certain estimates are required to record revenue and accounts receivable at their net realizable values at the time goods or services are provided. Inherent in these estimates is the risk that they will have to be revised or updated as additional information becomes available.

The Company assesses the expected consideration to be received at the time of patient acceptance, based on the verification of the patient’s insurance coverage, historical information with the patient, similar patients, or the payer. Performance obligations are determined based on the nature of the services provided by the Company. The majority of the Company’s performance obligations are to provide infusion services to deliver medicine, nutrients, or fluids directly into the body.

The Company provides a variety of infusion-related therapies to patients, which frequently include multiple deliverables of pharmaceutical drugs and related nursing services. After applying the criteria from ASC 606, the Company concluded that multiple performance obligations exist in its contracts with its customers. Revenue is allocated to each performance obligation based on relative standalone price, determined based on reimbursement rates established in the third-party payer contracts. Pharmaceutical drug revenue is recognized at the time the pharmaceutical drug is delivered to the patient, and nursing revenue is recognized on the date of service.

The Company's outstanding performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year. Therefore, the Company has elected to apply the practical expedient provided by ASC 606 and is not required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period. Any unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied performance obligations at the end of a reporting period are generally completed prior to the patient being discharged.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of Revenue — Cost of revenue consists of the actual cost of pharmaceuticals and other medical supplies dispensed to patients, as well as all other costs directly related to the production of revenue. These costs include warehousing costs, purchasing costs, freight costs, cash discounts, wages and related costs for pharmacists and nurses, along with depreciation expense relating to revenue-generating assets, such as infusion pumps.

The Company also receives rebates from pharmaceutical and medical supply manufacturers. Rebates are generally volume-based incentives and are recorded as a reduction of inventory and are accounted for as a reduction of cost of goods sold when the related inventory is sold.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses — Selling, general and administrative expenses mainly consist of salaries for administrative employees that directly and indirectly support the operations, occupancy costs, marketing expenditures, insurance, and professional fees.

Stock Based Incentive Compensation

Stock Based Incentive Compensation — The Company accounts for stock-based incentive compensation expense in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). Stock-based incentive compensation expense is based on the grant date fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of stock option awards using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and the fair value of restricted stock unit awards using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. For awards with a service-based vesting condition, the Company recognizes expense on a straight-line basis over the service period of the award. For awards with performance-based vesting conditions, the Company will recognize expense when it is probable that the performance-based conditions will be met. When the Company determines that it is probable that the performance-based conditions will be met, a cumulative catch-up of expense will be recorded as if the award had been vesting on a straight-line basis from the award date. The award will continue to be expensed on a straight-line basis through the remainder of the vesting period and will be updated if the Company determines that there has been a change in the probability of achieving the performance-based conditions. The Company records the impact of forfeited awards in the period in which the forfeiture occurs.

Business Acquisitions

Business Acquisitions — The Company accounts for business acquisitions in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, with assets and liabilities being recorded at their acquisition date fair value and goodwill being calculated as the purchase price in excess of the net identifiable assets.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes — The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reported for book-tax basis differences and are measured based on currently enacted tax laws using rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rate on deferred taxes is recognized in income tax expense in the period that includes the enactment date of the change.

In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts more likely than not to be realized.

The Company recognizes income tax positions that are more likely than not to be sustained on their technical merits. The Company measures recognized income tax positions at the maximum benefit that is more likely than not, based on cumulative probability, realizable upon final settlement of the position. Interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits are reported in income tax expense (benefit).

Concentrations of Business Risk

Concentrations of Business Risk — The Company generates revenue from managed care contracts and other agreements with commercial third-party payers. Revenue related to the Company’s largest payer was approximately 14%, 14% and 16% for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. There were no other managed care contracts that represent greater than 10% of revenue for the years presented.

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, approximately 12%, 12% and 12%, respectively, of the Company’s revenue was reimbursable through direct government healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 12% and 13%, respectively, of the Company’s accounts receivable was related to these programs. Governmental programs pay for services based on fee schedules and rates that are determined by the related governmental agency. Laws and regulations pertaining to government programs are complex and subject to interpretation. As a result, there is at least a reasonable possibility that recorded estimates will change in the near term.

The Company does not require its patients nor other payers to carry collateral for any amounts owed for goods or services provided. Other than as discussed above, concentrations of credit risk relating to trade accounts receivable is limited due to the Company’s diversity of patients and payers. Further, the Company generally does not provide charity care; however, Option Care Health offers a financial assistance program for patients that meet certain defined hardship criteria.

For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, approximately 72%, 73% and 74%, respectively, of the Company’s pharmaceutical and medical supply purchases were from four vendors. Although there are a limited number of suppliers, the Company believes that other vendors could provide similar products on comparable terms. However, a change in suppliers could cause delays in service delivery and possible losses in revenue, which could adversely affect the Company’s financial condition or operating results.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements — The fair value measurement accounting standard, ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820”), provides a framework for measuring fair value and defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability. Fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined using assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The standard establishes a valuation hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based on independent market data sources. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the factors market participants would use in valuing the asset or liability developed based upon the best information available. The valuation hierarchy is composed of three categories. The categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The categories within the valuation hierarchy are described as follows:

•Level 1 - Inputs to the fair value measurement are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•Level 2 - Inputs to the fair value measurement include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly.

•Level 3 - Inputs to the fair value measurement are unobservable inputs or valuation techniques.

While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value measurements are determined by maximizing the use of observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. The hierarchy places the highest priority on unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and gives the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of inputs within the fair value hierarchy are defined in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

First Lien Term Loan: The fair value of the First Lien Term Loan is derived from a broker quote on the loans in the syndication (Level 2 inputs). See Note 11, Indebtedness, for further discussion of the carrying amount and fair value of the First Lien Term Loan.

Senior Notes: The fair value of the Senior Notes is derived from a broker quote (Level 2 inputs). See Note 11, Indebtedness, for further discussion of the carrying amount and fair value of the Senior Notes.

Interest Rate Cap: The fair value of the interest rate cap is derived from the interest rates prevalent in the market and future expectations of those interest rates (Level 2 inputs). The Company determines the fair value of the investments based on quoted prices from third-party brokers. See Note 12, Derivative Instruments, for further discussion of the fair value of the interest rate cap.

Money Market Funds: The fair value of the money market funds is derived from the closing price reported by the fund sponsor and classified as cash and cash equivalents on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets (Level 1 inputs).

There were no other assets or liabilities measured at fair value at December 31, 2023 or 2022.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements — In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This ASU addresses investor requests for more transparency about income tax information through improvements to income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. The ASU improves the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The ASU allows investors to better assess, in their capital allocation decisions, how an entity’s worldwide operations and related tax risks and tax planning and operational opportunities affect its income tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. This ASU also improves the effectiveness and comparability of disclosures by adding disclosures of pretax income (loss) and income tax expense (benefit) to be consistent with U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Regulation S-X and removing disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial or relevant. The Company is required to adopt this ASU for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its results of operations, cash flows, financial position, and disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU improves the disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments and addresses requests from investors for additional, more detailed information about a reportable segment’s expenses. The ASU improves financial reporting by requiring disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities, including those public entities that have a single reportable segment, to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyses. The Company is required to adopt this ASU for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. Once adopted the Company will apply the ASU retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its results of operations, cash flows, financial position, and disclosures.

In October 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. This ASU is the result of the Board’s decision to incorporate into the Codification 14 disclosures referred by the SEC. The ASU represents changes to clarify or improve disclosure and presentation requirements of a variety of Topics. Many of the amendments allow users to more easily compare entities subject to the SEC’s existing disclosures with those entities that were not previously subject to the SEC’s requirements. Also, the amendments align the requirements in the Codification with the SEC’s regulations. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of that related disclosure from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption permitted. If by June 30, 2027, the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the pending content of the related amendment will be removed from the Codification and will not become effective. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on its results of operations, cash flows, financial position, and disclosures.