Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

The following table summarizes revenue:


	Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)	2022			2021			2020
Revenue:
Subscription lease licenses	$	687,665		$	617,643		$	500,105
Perpetual licenses	301,313			328,154			280,745
Software licenses	988,978			945,797			780,850
Maintenance	1,004,245			896,037			840,597
Service	72,330			64,881			59,850
Maintenance and service	1,076,575			960,918			900,447
Total revenue	$	2,065,553		$	1,906,715		$	1,681,297

Direct revenue, as a percentage of total revenue	76.1		%	76.3		%	77.8		%
Indirect revenue, as a percentage of total revenue	23.9		%	23.7		%	22.2		%

Changes in Deferred Revenue

The changes in deferred revenue, inclusive of both current and long-term deferred revenue, during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were as follows:


(in thousands)	2022		2021
Beginning balance – January 1	$	412,781	$	388,810
Acquired deferred revenue	5,818		3,831
Deferral of revenue	2,099,550		1,937,974
Recognition of deferred revenue	(2,065,553)		(1,906,715)
Currency translation	(16,838)		(11,119)
Ending balance – December 31	$	435,758	$	412,781

Remaining Performance Obligations, Expected Timing of Satisfaction

Total revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations as of December 31, 2022 will be recognized as revenue as follows:


(in thousands)
Next 12 months	$	846,312
Months 13-24	356,075
Months 25-36	170,977
Thereafter	43,482
Total revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations	$	1,416,846