The information in this prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. This preliminary prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not a solicitation of an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion Dated __________, 20___
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(To Prospectus dated ___, 20__)
$[______] (Approximate)
COMM 20[__]-[_]
Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates
German American Capital Corporation
[and] [____]
Sponsor[s]
Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation
Depositor
[Name of the Trust]
Issuing Entity
[ ]
Mortgage Loan Seller[s]
The COMM 20[__]-[_] Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates will represent beneficial ownership interests in a trust fund. The trust’s assets will primarily be [_] fixed-rate mortgage loans secured by first liens on [_] commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community properties [and [_] fixed rate mortgage loans secured by junior liens on [_] commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community properties]. The COMM 20[__]-[_] Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates will represent interests in the issuing entity only and will not represent the obligations of Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation, German American Capital Corporation [or any other sponsor], the mortgage loan sellers or any of their respective affiliates, and neither the certificates nor the underlying mortgage loans are insured or guaranteed by any governmental agency.
Each class of certificates will receive distributions of interest, principal or both, on the [10th] day of each month, commencing _____, 20__. Credit enhancement will be provided by certain classes of subordinate certificates that will be subordinate to certain classes of senior certificates as described in this prospectus supplement under “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions.” [Name of Credit Enhancement Provider, Liquidity Provider or Derivatives Provider] will be providing [identify credit enhancement, liquidity support or derivatives instrument] with respect to the Class [___] Certificates, as described herein under “Description of the Offered Certificates— [identify credit enhancement, liquidity support or derivatives instrument].”
Certain characteristics of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement include:
|
Initial Certificate Balance or Notional Balance(1)
|
Approximate Initial Pass-Through Rate
|
Assumed Final Distribution Date(2)
|
Class [A-1]
|
|
% (6)
|
|
Class [A-2]
|
|
% (6)
|
|
Class [A-3]
|
|
% (6)
|
|
Class [A-4]
|
|
% (6)
|
|
Class [A-AB]
|
|
% (6)
|
|
Class [A-5A]
|
|
% (6)
|
|
Class [A-5B]
|
|
% (6)
|
|
Class [X-P](5)
|
|
% (5)
|
|
Class [A-J]
|
|
% (6)
|
|
Class [B]
|
|
% (7)
|
|
Class [C]
|
|
% (7)
|
|
Class [D]
|
|
% (7)
|
|
Class [PEZ](8)
|
|
% (7)
|
|
(Footnotes to table to begin on page S-4)
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved these securities or determined that this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus are truthful or complete.
Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. Investing in the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-[__] of this prospectus supplement and page [__] of the prospectus.
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., [_____________] and [_____________] are acting as underwriters of the offering. The underwriters will offer the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement to the public in negotiated transactions at varying prices to be determined at the time of sale.
[_____________], [_____________] and [_____________] are required to purchase the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement (in the amounts set forth in this prospectus supplement) from Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation, subject to certain conditions. Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation expects to receive from the sale of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement approximately [___]% of the initial aggregate certificate balance of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement, plus accrued interest, before deducting expenses payable by it. The underwriters expect to deliver the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement to purchasers on or about [________], [____].
[Names of Underwriters]
The date of this prospectus supplement is [_____________]
Important Notice About Information Presented In This
Prospectus Supplement And The Accompanying Prospectus
Information about the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement is contained in two separate documents that progressively provide more detail: (a) the accompanying prospectus, which provides general information, some of which may not apply to the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement; and (b) this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement. The Annexes to this prospectus supplement are incorporated into and are a part of this prospectus supplement.
In addition, we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, with respect to the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus form a part of that registration statement. However, this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not contain all of the information contained in our registration statement. For further information regarding the documents referred to in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, you should refer to our registration statement and the exhibits to it. Our registration statement and the exhibits to it can be inspected and copied at prescribed rates at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at its public reference room, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Copies of these materials can also be obtained electronically through the SEC’s internet website (http://www.sec.gov).
You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different from that contained in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus. The information in this prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus supplement.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus include cross references to sections in these materials where you can find further related discussions. The tables of contents in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus identify the pages where these sections are located.
Certain capitalized terms are defined and used in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus to assist you in understanding the terms of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement and this offering. The capitalized terms used in this prospectus supplement are defined on the pages indicated under the caption “Index of Defined Terms” beginning on page S-[__] in this prospectus supplement. The capitalized terms used in the prospectus are defined on the pages indicated under the caption “Index of Defined Terms” beginning on page [__] in the prospectus.
In this prospectus supplement, the terms “Depositor,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation.
NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
The trust fund described in this prospectus supplement is a collective investment scheme as defined in the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“FSMA”) of the United Kingdom. It has not been authorized, or otherwise recognized or approved, by the United Kingdom’s Financial Services Authority and, as an unregulated collective investment scheme, accordingly cannot be marketed in the United Kingdom to the general public.
The distribution of this prospectus supplement (A) if made by a person who is not an authorized person under the FSMA, is being made only to, or directed only at, persons who (i) are outside the United Kingdom, or (ii) have professional experience in matters relating to investments, or (iii) are persons falling within Article 49(2)(a) through (d) (“high net worth companies, unincorporated associations, etc.”) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2001 (all such persons together being referred to as “FPO Persons”); and (B) if made by a person who is an authorized person under the FSMA, is being made only to, or directed only at, persons who (i) are outside the United Kingdom, or (ii) have professional experience in participating in unregulated collective investment schemes, or (iii) are persons falling within Article 22(2)(a) through (d) (“high net worth companies, unincorporated associations, etc.”) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Promotion of Collective
Investment Schemes) (Exemptions) Order 2001 (all such persons together being referred to as “PCIS Persons” and, together with the FPO Persons, the “Relevant Persons”). This prospectus supplement must not be acted on or relied on by persons who are not Relevant Persons. Any investment or investment activity to which this prospectus supplement relates, including the offered certificates, is available only to Relevant Persons and will be engaged in only with Relevant Persons.
Potential investors in the United Kingdom are advised that all, or most, of the protections afforded by the United Kingdom regulatory system will not apply to an investment in the trust fund and that compensation will not be available under the United Kingdom Financial Services Compensation Scheme.
EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a “Relevant Member State”), each underwriter has represented and agreed that with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member State (the “Relevant Implementation Date”) it has not made and will not make an offer of certificates to the public in that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the certificates which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that it may, with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, make an offer of certificates to the public in that Relevant Member State at any time:
|
(a)
|
to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;
|
|
(b)
|
to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000 and (3) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts; or
|
|
(c)
|
in any other circumstances which do not require the publication by the issuing entity of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.
|
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of certificates to the public” in relation to any certificates in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the certificates to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the certificates, as the same may be varied in that Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Member State and the expression “Prospectus Directive” means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This Executive Summary does not include all of the information you need to consider in making your investment decision. You are advised to carefully read, and should rely solely on, the detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus relating to the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement and the underlying mortgage loans.
|
Anticipated
Ratings
(S&P)
Moody’s
|
Initial
Certificate
Balance or
Notional
Balance(1)
|
Approximate
Percent of Total
Certificates
|
Approximate
Credit Support
|
Description of
Pass-Through
Rate
|
Assumed Final
Distribution
Date(2)
|
Rated Final
Distribution
Date(2)
|
Approximate
Initial
Pass-Through
Rate
|
Weighted
Average Life
(Yrs.)(3)
|
|
Certificates Offered
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-1]
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-2]
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-3]
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-4]
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-AB]
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-5A]
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-5B]
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [X-P](5)
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-J]
|
|
|
|
(4)
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [B]
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [C]
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [D]
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [PEZ](8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non—Offered Certificates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [E]
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [F]
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [G]
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [H]
|
|
|
|
|
(7)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [J]
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [K]
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [L]
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [M]
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [N]
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [O]
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [P]
|
|
|
|
|
(6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [X-C]
|
|
|
|
|
(5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1)
|
Approximate; subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%.
|
(2)
|
The assumed final distribution date with respect to any class of certificates offered in this prospectus supplement is the distribution date on which the final distribution would occur for that class of certificates based upon the assumption that no mortgage loan is prepaid prior to its stated maturity date and otherwise based on modeling assumptions described in this prospectus supplement. The actual performance and experience of the mortgage loans will likely differ from such assumptions. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations” in this prospectus supplement.
|
(3)
|
The weighted average life and principal window during which distributions of principal would be received as set forth in the table with respect to each class of certificates is based on (i) modeling assumptions and prepayment assumptions described in this prospectus supplement, (ii) assumptions that there are no prepayments or losses on the mortgage loans, and (iii) assumptions that there are no extensions of maturity dates.
|
(4)
|
Represents the approximate credit support for the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A] and Class [A-5B] Certificates in the aggregate. Additionally, the credit support for the Class [A-5A] Certificates reflects the credit support provided by the Class [A-5B] Certificates. References in this prospectus supplement to the Class [A-5] Certificates means the Class [A-5A] Certificates and the Class [A-5B] Certificates.
|
(5)
|
The Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates will not have a certificate balance. The interest accrual amounts on each of the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates will be calculated by reference to a notional amount equal to the aggregate of the class principal balances of all or some of the classes of certificates, as applicable. The pass-through rates on the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates in the aggregate will be based on the weighted average of the interest strip rates of the components of the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates, which will be based on the net mortgage rates applicable to the mortgage loans as of the preceding distribution date minus the pass-through rates of such components. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—General” and “—Distributions” in this prospectus supplement.
|
(6)
|
The pass-through rates on each of the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3] and Class [A-4] Certificates will be the fixed rate set forth on the cover page. The pass-through rates on the Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates will, at all times, be equal to the lesser of (i) the weighted average net mortgage pass-through rate, and (ii) the fixed rate set forth on the cover page.
|
(7)
|
The pass-through rate applicable to the Class [B] Certificates will, at all times, equal the weighted average net mortgage pass-through rate minus [____]%. The pass through rate applicable to the Class [C] Certificates will, at all times, equal the weighted average net mortgage pass through rate minus [___]%. The pass-through rate applicable to the Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G] and Class [H] Certificates will, at all times, equal the weighted average net mortgage pass through rate.
|
(8)
|
[The Class [PEZ] Certificates (which are referred to herein as the “exchangeable certificates”) are exchangeable for the Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates, and the Class [_] and Class [_] certificates (which are collectively referred to herein as the “depositable certificates”) are exchangeable for the Class [PEZ] Certificates, in each case in the proportions set forth on Appendix D to this prospectus supplement and in the manner described under [“Description of the Offered Certificates—Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates”] in this prospectus supplement. See also “Risk Factors—The Depositable Certificates and the Exchangeable Certificates Are Subject to Additional Risks.” [On the closing date, the aggregate outstanding [certificate balance][notional amount] of the Class [PEZ] Certificates will be $0.][On the closing date, the aggregate outstanding [certificate balance][notional amount] of the Class [PEZ] Certificates will be $[_____].] The maximum aggregate [certificate balance][notional amount] of the Class [PEZ] certificates is set forth in the table but is not included in the aggregate [certificate balance][notional amount] of the certificates set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement. On the closing date, the aggregate outstanding [certificate balance][notional amount] of the Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates will be $[_____] and $[_____], respectively. The maximum aggregate [certificate balance][notional amount] of each of the Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates is set forth in the table and is included in the aggregate [certificate balance][notional amount] of the certificates set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement.]
|
The Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates are not represented in this table.
The following table shows information regarding the mortgage loans and the mortgaged properties as of the cut-off date. All weighted averages set forth below are based on the principal balances of the mortgage loans as of such date.
The Mortgage Pool
Outstanding Pool Balance as of the Cut-off Date(1)
|
[_______]
|
Number of Mortgage Loans
|
[_______]
|
Number of Mortgaged Properties
|
[_______]
|
Average Mortgage Loan Balance
|
[_______]
|
Weighted Average Mortgage Rate
|
[_______]
|
Weighted Average Remaining Term to Maturity (in months)
|
[_______]
|
Weighted Average Debt Service Coverage Ratio
|
[_______]
|
Weighted Average Loan-to-Value Ratio
|
[_______]
|
(1)
|
Subject to a permitted variance of plus or minus [___]%.
|
NOTICE TO RESIDENTS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM
|
2
|
EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AREA
|
3
|
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
|
3
|
SUMMARY OF THE PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
|
10
|
THE MORTGAGE POOL
|
27
|
Characteristics of the Mortgage Pool
|
27
|
RISK FACTORS
|
38
|
General Risks
|
38
|
The Offered Certificates May Not Be a Suitable Investment for You
|
38
|
Risks Related to Market Conditions
|
38
|
The Credit Crisis and Downturn in the Real Estate Market Have Adversely Affected the Value of Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
|
38
|
The Current Recession and Credit Crisis May Increase Loan Defaults and Affect the Value and Liquidity of Your Investment.
|
39
|
Mortgage Loans Are Nonrecourse and Are Not Insured or Guaranteed
|
41
|
The Offered Certificates are Limited Obligations and Payments will be Primarily Derived From the Mortgage Loans
|
41
|
Commercial Lending Is Dependent Upon Net Operating Income
|
41
|
Mortgage Loans Have Not Been Reunderwritten Since Origination
|
43
|
The Prospective Performance of the Commercial and Multifamily Mortgage Loans Included in the Trust Fund Should Be Evaluated Separately from the Performance of the Mortgage Loans in any of our Other Trusts
|
43
|
Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses
|
44
|
Property Value May Be Adversely Affected Even When Current Operating Income Is Not
|
44
|
Risks Related to Tenants
|
44
|
Risks Related to Loan Concentration
|
47
|
Risks Related to Borrower Concentration
|
47
|
Risks Relating to Property Type Concentration
|
47
|
Geographic Concentration Entails Risks
|
48
|
Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks
|
48
|
Office Properties Have Special Risks
|
51
|
Retail Properties Have Special Risks
|
52
|
Hotel Properties Have Special Risks
|
54
|
Self Storage Properties Have Special Risks
|
56
|
Industrial Properties Have Special Risks
|
56
|
Properties With Condominium Ownership Have Special Risks
|
57
|
Risks Related to Construction, Redevelopment, Renovation and Repairs at Mortgaged Properties
|
57
|
[Options and Other Purchase Rights May Affect Value or Hinder Recovery with Respect to the Mortgaged Properties
|
58
|
The Sellers Of The Mortgage Loans Are Subject To Bankruptcy Or Insolvency Laws That May Affect The Trust’s Ownership Of The Mortgage Loans
|
58
|
Environmental Laws May Adversely Affect Payments on Your Certificates
|
58
|
Potential Trust Liability Related to a Materially Adverse Environmental Condition
|
59
|
A Borrower May Be Unable to Repay the Remaining Principal Balance on the Maturity Date
|
60
|
Risks Related to Modification of Mortgage Loans with Balloon Payments
|
60
|
Risks Relating to Borrower Organization or Structure
|
61
|
Risks Related to Additional Debt
|
62
|
Bankruptcy Proceedings Entail Certain Risks
|
63
|
Risks Related to Sponsor Guaranties
|
64
|
Lack of Skillful Property Management Entail Risks
|
64
|
Risks of Inspections Relating to Property
|
64
|
World Events and Natural (or Other) Disasters Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Mortgaged Properties and Could Reduce the Cash Flow Available To Make Payments on the Certificates
|
64
|
Inadequate Property Insurance Coverage Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Mortgaged Properties
|
65
|
Availability of Terrorism Insurance
|
66
|
Appraisals and Market Studies Have Certain Limitations
|
68
|
Tax Considerations Related to Foreclosure
|
68
|
Increases in Real Estate Taxes Due to Termination of a PILOT Program or Other Tax Abatement Arrangements May Reduce Payments to Certificateholders
|
69
|
Risks Related to Enforceability
|
69
|
Risks Related to Enforceability of Prepayment Premiums, Yield Maintenance Charges and Defeasance Provisions
|
69
|
The Master Servicer or the Special Servicer May Experience Difficulty in Collecting Rents Upon the Default and/or Bankruptcy of a Borrower
|
69
|
Risks Related to Cross-Collateralized Loans and Loans Secured by Multiple Properties
|
70
|
State Law Limitations Entail Certain Risks
|
71
|
Leasehold Interests Entail Certain Risks
|
71
|
Potential Absence of Attornment Provisions Entails Risks
|
72
|
Risks Related to Zoning Laws
|
72
|
Risks Related to Litigation
|
72
|
Prior Bankruptcies or Other Proceedings May Be Relevant to Future Performance
|
73
|
Risks Related to Compliance with Americans With Disabilities Act
|
73
|
Risks Relating to Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems (MERS)
|
73
|
Conflicts of Interest
|
73
|
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer
|
73
|
Special Servicer May Be Directed To Take Actions
|
74
|
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Underwriters
|
74
|
[Potential Conflicts of Interest in the Selection of the Underlying Mortgage Loans
|
75
|
Related Parties May Acquire Certificates or Experience Other Conflicts
|
76
|
Conflicts Between Managers and the Mortgage Loan Borrowers
|
77
|
Risks Related to Prepayments and Repurchases of Mortgage Loans
|
77
|
Yield Considerations
|
78
|
Optional Early Termination of the Trust May Result in an Adverse Impact on Your Yield or May Result in a Loss
|
79
|
The Mortgage Loan Seller May Not Be Able To Make a Required Repurchase or Substitution of a Defective Mortgage Loan
|
79
|
Any Loss of Value Payment Made by a Mortgage Loan Seller May Prove To Be Insufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan
|
79
|
[The Depositable Certificates and the Exchangeable Certificates Are Subject to Additional Risks]
|
80
|
Risks Related to Borrower Default
|
80
|
Risks Related to Certain Payments
|
81
|
Risks of Limited Liquidity and Market Value
|
82
|
The Limited Nature of Ongoing Information May Make It Difficult for You To Resell Your Certificates
|
82
|
Risks Related to Factors Unrelated to the Performance of the Certificates and the Mortgage Loans, Such as Fluctuations in Interest Rates and the Supply and Demand of CMBS Generally
|
82
|
Subordination of Subordinate Offered Certificates
|
83
|
Credit Support May Not Cover All Types of Losses
|
83
|
Disproportionate Benefits May Be Given to Certain Classes and Series
|
83
|
The Amount of Credit Support Will Be Limited
|
83
|
Recent Changes to Accounting Standards Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Certificates
|
84
|
Risk of Limited Assets
|
84
|
Risks Relating to Lack of Certificateholder Control Over Trust
|
84
|
Different Timing of Mortgage Loan Amortization Poses Certain Risks
|
84
|
Other Risks
|
85
|
THE SPONSOR[S], MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER[S] AND ORIGINATOR[S]
|
85
|
German American Capital Corporation
|
85
|
GACC’s Securitization Program
|
86
|
Review of GACC Mortgage Loans
|
87
|
GACC’s Underwriting Standards
|
88
|
GACC’s Underwriting Standards - Exceptions |
90 |
[Name of Other Sponsor[s]]
|
90
|
[Mortgage Loan Sellers (Other than Sponsors)]
|
90
|
[Additional Originators (Other than Sponsors)]
|
90
|
Underwriting Standards
|
90
|
THE DEPOSITOR
|
91
|
THE ISSUING ENTITY
|
91
|
THE SERVICERS
|
93
|
Generally
|
93
|
The Master Servicer
|
93
|
The Special Servicer
|
95 |
Primary Servicing
|
95 |
[Affiliated Sub-Servicers]
|
95
|
[Significant Sub-Servicers]
|
95
|
THE TRUSTEE
|
95
|
General
|
95
|
Duties of the Trustee
|
96
|
Certain Matters Regarding the Trustee
|
96
|
Resignation and Removal of the Trustee
|
97
|
THE CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR AND CUSTODIAN |
97 |
Trustee and Certificate Administrator Fee |
99 |
[PAYING AGENT, CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AND AUTHENTICATING AGENT]
|
99
|
[THE FISCAL AGENT
|
99
|
THE OPERATING ADVISOR |
100 |
[CERTAIN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS]
|
100
|
[CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS]
|
100
|
DESCRIPTION OF THE MORTGAGE POOL
|
101
|
General
|
101
|
Security for the Mortgage Loans
|
101
|
[[Prefunding].[Revolving] Period]
|
102
|
Significant Mortgage Loans and Significant Obligors
|
102
|
Sale of the Mortgage Loans
|
102
|
Certain Underwriting Matters
|
104
|
[Split Loan Structures
|
106
|
The [_____] Loan Combination
|
106
|
Additional Loan Information
|
106
|
Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans
|
113
|
Changes in Mortgage Pool Characteristics
|
118
|
DESCRIPTION OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES
|
119
|
General
|
119
|
[Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates]
|
123
|
[General
|
123
|
Exchangeable Certificates Distribution Account
|
123
|
Exchange Examples and Limitations
|
124
|
Exchange Limitations
|
124
|
Procedures
|
125
|
Distributions
|
125
|
Fees and Expenses.
|
130
|
[Exchangeable Certificates]
|
139
|
Class [A-AB] Planned Principal Balance
|
139
|
Prepayment Premiums, Yield Maintenance Charges
|
139
|
Application Priority of Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] Collections
|
140
|
Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date
|
141
|
Realized Losses
|
142
|
Prepayment Interest Shortfalls
|
143
|
Subordination
|
144
|
Appraisal Reductions
|
145
|
Delivery, Form and Denomination
|
147
|
Book-Entry Registration
|
148
|
Definitive Certificates
|
150
|
Retention of Certain Certificates by [an Affiliate of] the [Sponsor] [Depositor] [Issuing Entity] [Entity Described in Item 1119(a) of Regulation AB].
|
150
|
[THE [IDENTIFY CREDIT ENHANCEMENT, LIQUIDITY SUPPORT OR DERIVATIVES INSTRUMENT]
|
151
|
[OVERCOLLATERALIZATION]
|
151
|
YIELD AND MATURITY CONSIDERATIONS
|
151
|
Yield Considerations
|
151
|
Weighted Average Life
|
153
|
Certain Price/Yield Tables
|
159
|
Weighted Average Life and Yield Sensitivity of the Class [X-P] Certificates
|
162
|
THE POOLING AND SERVICING AGREEMENT
|
164
|
General
|
164
|
Servicing of the Mortgage Loans; Collection of Payments
|
164
|
The Directing Holder
|
166
|
Limitation on Liability of Directing Holder
|
168
|
The Operating Advisor
|
169 |
General
|
169 |
Role of Operating Advisor While No Control Termination Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing
|
169 |
Role of Operating Advisor While a Control Termination Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing
|
170 |
Annual Report
|
171 |
Replacement of the Special Servicer
|
172 |
Operating Advisor Termination Events
|
172 |
Rights upon Operating Advisor Termination Event
|
173 |
Termination of the Operating Advisor Withough Cause
|
173 |
Operating Advisor Compensation
|
174 |
Advances
|
174
|
Accounts
|
178
|
Enforcement of “Due-On-Sale” and “Due-On-Encumbrance” Clauses
|
179 |
Inspections
|
181
|
Insurance Policies
|
181
|
Assignment of the Mortgage Loans
|
184
|
Representations and Warranties; Repurchase; Substitution
|
184
|
Certain Matters Regarding the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer
|
186
|
Servicer Termination Events
|
188
|
Rights Upon Event of Default
|
189
|
Amendment
|
190
|
No Downgrade Confirmation
|
192
|
Evidence of Compliance
|
193
|
Voting Rights
|
193
|
Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loans and REO Properties
|
193
|
Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans
|
195
|
Modifications
|
196
|
[Trigger Events
|
198
|
Optional Termination
|
198
|
Servicing Compensation and Payment of Expenses
|
199
|
Special Servicing
|
200
|
Master Servicer and Special Servicer Permitted to Buy Certificates
|
204
|
Reports to Certificateholders; Available Information
|
204
|
Trustee Reports
|
204
|
Master Servicer Reports
|
206
|
Other Information
|
207
|
Exchange Act Filings
|
208
|
Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial; and Consent to Jurisdiction
|
208 |
USE OF PROCEEDS
|
208
|
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
|
208
|
[Taxation of the Exchangeable Certificates]
|
210
|
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
|
211
|
LEGAL INVESTMENT
|
212
|
METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION
|
213
|
LEGAL MATTERS
|
214
|
RATINGS
|
214
|
LEGAL ASPECTS OF MORTGAGE LOANS IN [STATE][COUNTRY]
|
215
|
INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
|
217
|
ANNEX A-1 CERTAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORTGAGE LOANS
|
A-1
|
ANNEX A-2 RATES USED IN DETERMINATION OF THE CLASS X-C AND CLASS X-P PASS-THROUGH RATES
|
A-2
|
ANNEX A-3 CLASS A-AB PLANNED PRINCIPAL BALANCE
|
A-3
|
ANNEX B DESCRIPTIONS OF TOP TEN MORTGAGE LOANS
|
B-1
|
ANNEX C GLOBAL CLEARANCE, SETTLEMENT AND TAX DOCUMENTATION PROCEDURES
|
C-1
|
ANNEX D AVAILABLE EXCHANGES OF DEPOSITABLE AND EXCHANGEABLE CERTIFICATES
|
D-1
|
ANNEX E MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES |
E-1 |
MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER REPRESANTATIONS AND WARRANTIES |
F-1 |
SUMMARY OF THE PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This summary highlights selected information from this prospectus supplement and does not include all of the relevant information you need to consider in making your investment decision. You are advised to carefully read, and should rely solely on, the detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus supplement and in the accompanying prospectus.
Title of Certificates
|
COMM 20[__]-C[_] Commercial Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates.
|
RELEVANT PARTIES AND DATES
Issuing Entity
|
The issuing entity is [____], a common law trust fund to be formed on the closing date under the laws of the State of New York pursuant to a pooling and servicing agreement by and among the depositor, the trustee, the certificate adminiatrator, the operating advisor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the paying agent [and the fiscal agent]. See “The Issuing Entity” in this prospectus supplement.
|
Depositor
|
Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation, a Delaware Corporation. See “The Depositor” in the prospectus. Our principal offices are located at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005. Our telephone number is (212) 250-2500. See “The Depositor” in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus.
|
Sponsor[s]
|
[German American Capital Corporation] [and ______,] each has acted as the sponsor with respect to the issuance of the certificates. The sponsor is the entity that will organize and initiate the issuance of the certificates by transferring or causing the transfer of the mortgage loans to the depositor. The depositor in turn will transfer the mortgage loans to the trust fund and the trust fund will issue the certificates. See “The Sponsor[s], Mortgage Loan Seller[s] and Originator[s]” in this prospectus supplement and “The Sponsor” in the prospectus.
|
Mortgage Loan Sellers
|
[German American Capital Corporation], [a] [the] sponsor and an affiliate of (a) [Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., an underwriter, and (b) Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation, the Depositor]. [Identify other mortgage loan sellers.] See “The Sponsor[s], Mortgage Loan Seller[s] and Originator[s]” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
The mortgage loans were originated or purchased by the mortgage loan sellers (or an affiliate of such mortgage loan seller) as follows:
|
|
|
|
Initial Outstanding Pool Balance
|
% of Cut-off Date Principal Balance
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Originator[s]
|
Each mortgage loan seller or its affiliate originated the loans as to which it is acting as mortgage loan seller[; except that ___% of the loans as to which ___ is acting as mortgage loan seller were originated by ___ and acquired from __ by such mortgage loan seller.] [German American Capital Corporation] [and] ____ each originated more than
|
|
10% of the mortgage loans in the trust fund. See “The Sponsor[s], Mortgage Loan Seller[s] and Originator[s]” in this prospectus supplement.
|
Master Servicer
|
[____], a [specify entity type and jurisdiction of organization], will act as master servicer with respect to the mortgage pool. See “The Master Servicer” in this prospectus supplement. The master servicer will be primarily responsible for servicing and administering, directly or through sub-servicers, the mortgage loans: (a) as to which there is no default or reasonably foreseeable default that would give rise to a transfer of servicing to the special servicer; and (b) as to which any such default or reasonably foreseeable default has been corrected, including as part of a work-out. In addition, the master servicer will be the primary party responsible for making principal and interest advances and property advances under the pooling and servicing agreement. The fee of the master servicer will be payable monthly on a loan-by-loan basis from amounts received in respect of interest on each mortgage loan (prior to application of such interest payments to make payments on the certificates), and will be equal ______% per annum of the stated principal balance of the related mortgage loan. The master servicer will also be entitled to receive income from investment of funds in certain accounts and certain fees paid by the borrowers.
|
Special Servicer
|
[____], a [specify entity type and jurisdiction of organization], will be responsible for the servicing and administration of the specially serviced mortgage loans. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Special Servicing” in this prospectus supplement. The principal compensation to be paid to the special servicer in respect of its special servicing activities will be the special servicing fee, the workout fee and the liquidation fee.
|
|
The special servicing fee will equal ____% per annum of the stated principal balance of the related specially serviced mortgage loan, and will be payable monthly.
|
|
The workout fee will generally be payable with respect to each specially serviced mortgage loan which has become a “corrected mortgage loan” (which will occur (i) with respect to a specially serviced mortgage loan as to which there has been a payment default, when the borrower has brought the mortgage loan current and thereafter made three consecutive full and timely monthly payments, including pursuant to any workout and (ii) with respect to any other specially serviced mortgage loan, when the related default is cured or the other circumstances pursuant to which it became a specially serviced mortgage loan cease to exist in the good faith judgment of the Special Servicer. The workout fee will be calculated by application of a workout fee rate of ____% to each collection of interest and principal (including scheduled payments, prepayments, balloon payments, and payments at maturity) received on the related mortgage loan for so long as it remains a corrected mortgage loan.
|
|
A liquidation fee will be payable with respect to each specially serviced mortgage loan as to which the special servicer obtains a full or discounted payoff with respect thereto from the related borrower or which is repurchased by the related mortgage loan seller outside the applicable cure period and, except as otherwise described herein, with respect to any specially serviced mortgage loan or REO property as to
|
|
which the special servicer receives any liquidation proceeds. The liquidation fee for each specially serviced mortgage loan will be payable from, and will be calculated by application of a liquidation fee rate of ____% to the related payment or proceeds. The special servicer will also be entitled to receive income from investment of funds in certain accounts and certain fees paid by the borrowers.
|
|
The foregoing compensation to the special servicer will be paid from the applicable distributions on the mortgage loans prior to application of such distributions to make payments on the certificates, and may result in shortfalls in payments to certificateholders.
|
[Primary Servicer[s]]
|
[_______, a _______ _______, will act as primary servicer with respect to [__ of] the underlying mortgage loans[, representing __ % of the initial mortgage pool balance] [, which were originated by __]. See “The Master Servicer—Primary Servicing” in this prospectus supplement. The master servicer will pay the fees of the primary servicer or servicers.]
|
[Affiliated Sub-Servicers
|
Each of the following entities will be or is expected to be a sub servicer of mortgage loans and is affiliated with the Depositor, [one of] the sponsor[s], [one of] the [other] mortgage loan seller[s] or [one of] the underwriter[s]:
|
|
|
|
|
% of Initial Mortgage Pool Balance
|
|
|
|
1.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The master servicer will pay the fees of each subservicer.
|
|
See “Affiliated Sub-Servicers” in this prospectus supplement.]
|
[Significant Sub-Servicers
|
Each of the following entities will be or is expected to be a sub-servicer of 10% or more of the initial aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans:
|
|
|
|
|
% of Initial Mortgage Pool Balance
|
|
|
1.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2.
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The master servicer will pay the fees of each subservicer.
|
|
See “Significant Sub-Servicers” in this prospectus supplement.]
|
Trustee
|
[_______] [specify entity type and jurisdiction of organization]. The Trustee’s address is [_______]. Following the transfer of the underlying mortgage loans into the trust, the trustee, on behalf of the trust, will become the holder of each mortgage loan transferred to the trust. In addition, the trustee will be primarily responsible for back-up advancing. See "The Trustee" in this prospectus supplement.
|
[Fiscal Agent
|
[_________] will act as fiscal agent. The fiscal agent will be responsible for back-up advancing if the trustee fails to perform its back-up advancing obligations. See “The Fiscal Agent” in this prospectus supplement.]
|
Certificate Administrator
|
and Custodian
|
|
[_______] [specify entity type and jurisdiction of organization]. The certificate administrator’s address is [_______].
|
|
|
The certificate administrator will be responsible for: (a) distributing payments to certificateholders, (b) delivering or otherwise making available certain reports to certificateholders and (c) in its capacity as 17g-5 information provider, making available certain information to rating agencies in accordance with Rule 17g-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. In addition, the certificate administrator will have additional duties with respect to tax administration. See “The Certificate Administrator and Custodian” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
|
|
The fees of the trustee, custodian and certificate administrator will be payable monthly from amounts received in respect of interest on each mortgage loan (prior to application of such interest payments to make payments on the certificates), and will be equal to, in the aggregate, [__]% per annum of the stated principal balance of the related mortgage loan calculated on the same accrual basis as the related mortgage loan. The certificate administrator will also be entitled to receive income from investment of funds in certain accounts maintained on behalf of the issuing entity.
|
|
Operating Advisor
|
[_______] [specify entity type and jurisdiction of organization].
|
|
|
With respect to each mortgage loan, at any time during the period when a “Control Termination Event,” as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Holder” in this prospectus supplement, has occurred and is continuing:
|
|
(i)
|
the special servicer will be required to consult with the operating advisor with regard to certain major decisions with respect to the mortgage loans to the extent described in this prospectus supplement and as set forth under the pooling and servicing agreement;
|
(ii)
|
the operating advisor will be required to review certain operational activities related to specially serviced loans in general on a platform level basis; and
|
(iii)
|
based on the operating advisor’s review of certain information described in this prospectus supplement, the operating advisor will be required to prepare an annual report (if any mortgage loans were specially serviced during the prior calendar year) to be provided to the trustee, the rating agencies and the certificate administrator (and made available through the certificate administrator’s website) setting forth its assessment of the special servicer’s performance of its duties under the pooling and servicing agreement on a platform-level basis with respect to the resolution and liquidation of specially serviced loans.
|
|
|
With respect to each mortgage loan, after the occurrence and continuance of a “Consultation Termination Event,” as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Holder” in this prospectus supplement, if the operating advisor determines the special servicer is not performing its duties as required under the pooling and servicing agreement or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the servicing standard, the operating advisor may recommend the replacement of the special servicer as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Special Servicing—Replacement of the Special Servicer” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
|
|
The operating advisor is entitled to a fee payable on each distribution date, calculated based on the outstanding principal balance of each mortgage loan in the issuing entity and the operating advisor fee rate described under “The Operating Advisor” in this prospectus supplement, which fee will be calculated on the same accrual basis as the related mortgage loan.
|
|
|
|
For additional information regarding the responsibilities of the operating advisor, see “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor” and “The Operating Advisor” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
Affiliates
|
All the shares of capital stock of Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation, which is the depositor, are held by DB U.S. Financial Markets Holding Corporation. [German American Capital Corporation, which is the sponsor, is an affiliate of Deutsche Bank Securities, Inc., one of the underwriters and an affiliate of the depositor.]
|
The [Credit Enhancement
Provider] [Liquidity Provider]
|
[Name of Credit Enhancement Provider, Liquidity Provider or Derivatives Provider] will be providing a [identify credit enhancement, liquidity support or derivatives instrument] with respect to the Class _ Certificates, as described herein under “Description of the Offered Certificates—The [identify credit enhancement, liquidity support or derivatives instrument].”
|
[Other Significant Parties]
|
The mortgage loan borrowers related to the underlying mortgage loans identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement as ____________, _____________ and ____________, [are affiliated and] represent [__]% of the initial mortgage pool balance. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Significant Mortgage Loans [and Significant Obligors]” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
The mortgaged real properties related to the underlying mortgage loans identified on Annex A-I to this prospectus supplement as ____________, _____________ and ____________, [are related and] represent [__]% of the initial mortgage pool balance. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Significant Mortgage Loans [and Significant Obligors]” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
Certain of the lessees occupying all or a portion of the mortgaged real properties related to the underlying mortgage loans identified on Annex A-I to this prospectus supplement as ____________, _____________ and ____________, [are affiliated and] and represent [__]% of the
|
|
[cash flow of the] initial mortgage pool. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Significant Mortgage Loans [and Significant Obligors]” in this prospectus supplement.
|
The Directing Holder
|
With respect to each mortgage loan[, other than the [__________] Loan and [___________] Loan,] the directing holder will be the controlling class representative. [With respect to the [__________] Loan and [___________] Loan, (a) prior to a control appraisal event, the holder of the related subordinate mortgage loan and (b) so long as a control appraisal event exists, the controlling class representative.]
|
The Controlling Class
|
Generally, the controlling class certificateholder selected by more than 50% of the controlling class certificateholders, by certificate balance as certified by the certificate registrar from time to time as provided for in the pooling and servicing agreement.
|
|
[The controlling class is the most subordinate of the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] certificates then outstanding that has an aggregate certificate balance, as notionally reduced by any appraisal reduction amounts allocable to such class, at least equal to 25% of the initial certificate balance of that class. No other class of certificates will be eligible to act as the controlling class or appoint a controlling class representative to act as directing holder.]
|
|
For so long as at least one of the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] certificates has a certificate balance (as notionally reduced by any appraisal reduction amounts allocable to such class) that is at least equal to 25% of the initial certificate balance of that class, the directing holder will have certain consent and consultation rights under the pooling and servicing agreement under certain circumstances.
|
|
At any time none of the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] certificates has a certificate balance (as notionally reduced by any appraisal reduction amounts allocable to such class) that is at least equal to 25% of the initial certificate balance of that class, certain of those rights will terminate.
|
|
At any time none of the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] certificates has a then-outstanding certificate balance at least equal to 25% of the initial certificate balance of that class (in each case, without regard to the application of any appraisal reduction amounts), all of the rights of the directing holder will terminate. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Holder” in this prospectus supplement.
|
Underwriters
|
[Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.] [and] [___________]. [Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. is an affiliate of German American Capital Corporation, [one of] the sponsor[s], and of the depositor.] [Set forth any other affiliations between an underwriter and other transaction parties.] The underwriters are required to purchase the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement from the Depositor (in the amounts set forth in this prospectus supplement under “Method of Distribution”), subject to certain conditions. See “Method of Distribution” in this prospectus supplement.
|
Cut-off Date
|
With respect to each mortgage loan, the later of [_____________] and the date of origination of the mortgage loan.
|
Closing Date
|
On or about [_____________].
|
Distribution Date
|
The [10th] day of each month, or if the [10th] day is not a business day, the business day immediately following that [10th] day, commencing in [_____________].
|
Record Date
|
With respect to any distribution date, the close of business on the last business day of the preceding month.
|
Determination Date
|
The earlier of (i) the [sixth] day of the month in which the related distribution date occurs, or if the [sixth] day is not a business day, then the immediately preceding business day, and (ii) the [fourth] business day prior to the related distribution date.
|
Collection Period
|
With respect to any distribution date, the period that begins immediately following the determination date in the calendar month preceding the month in which that distribution date occurs (or, in the case of the initial distribution date, immediately following the cut-off date) and ends on the determination date in the calendar month in which that distribution date occurs, provided, that with respect to the payment by a borrower of a balloon payment on its related due date or during its related grace period, the collection period will extend up to and including the business day prior to the business day preceding the related distribution date.
|
Interest Accrual Period
|
With respect to any distribution date, the calendar month immediately preceding the month in which the distribution date occurs. Calculations of interest due in respect of the certificates will be made on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
|
CERTIFICATES OFFERED
General
|
The Depositor is offering hereby the following [___] classes of commercial mortgage pass-through certificates:
|
|
The trust created by the Depositor will consist of a total of [___] classes, the following [___] of which are not being offered through this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus: Class [X-C], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O], Class [P], Class [R] and Class [LR].
|
|
[The Class [_], Class [_] and Class [PEZ] Certificates are offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and may be exchanged in the proportions described in Appendix D to this prospectus supplement in the manner described under “Description of the Offered Certificates—Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates” in this prospectus supplement. [On the closing date, the aggregate outstanding [certificate balance][notional amount] of the Class [PEZ] Certificates will be $0.][On the closing date, the aggregate outstanding [certificate balance][notional amount] of the Class [PEZ] Certificates will be $[_____].] The maximum aggregate [certificate balance][notional amount] of the Class [PEZ] Certificates is not included in the aggregate [certificate balance][notional amount] of the certificates set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement. On the closing date, the aggregate outstanding [certificate balance][notional amount] of the Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates will be $[_____] and $[_____], respectively. The maximum aggregate [certificate balance][notional amount] of each of the Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates is included in the aggregate [certificate balance][notional amount] of the certificates set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement.]
|
|
The certificates will represent beneficial ownership interests in the trust. The trust’s assets will consist of [___] mortgage loans secured by first liens on [___] commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community properties [and [___] mortgage loans secured by junior liens on [___] commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community properties].
|
Certificate Balances
|
Your certificates have the approximate aggregate initial certificate balance/notional balance set forth below, subject to a permitted variance of plus or minus 5%.
|
|
Class [A-1]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [A-2]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [A-3]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [A-4]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [A-AB]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [A-5A]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [A-5B]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [X-P]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [A-J]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [B]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [C]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [D]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
Class [PEZ]
|
$[__________] principal balance
|
|
|
The certificates that are not offered in this prospectus supplement (other than the Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates) will have the initial aggregate certificate balances or notional balance, as applicable, as set forth under “Executive Summary—The Certificates” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
The Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates will not have certificate balances or entitle their holders to distributions of principal. The Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates will, however, represent the right to receive distributions of interest accrued as described in this prospectus supplement on a notional balance. The notional balance of the Class [X-C] Certificates will be based on the aggregate of the certificate
|
|
balances of all of the certificates (other than the Class [X-C], Class [X-P], Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates). The notional balance of the Class [X-P] Certificates, for any distribution date, will equal the sum of the principal balances of one or more classes of principal balance certificates or designated components of those classes, and those classes and components and their principal balances will vary over time. The classes of certificates and designated components of those classes that will form part of the total notional balance of the Class [X-P] Certificates for each distribution date are described under “Description of the Offered Certificates—General” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
See “Description of the Offered Certificates—General” and “—Distributions” in this prospectus supplement.
|
Pass-Through Rates
|
The certificates will accrue interest at an annual rate called a pass-through rate which is set forth below:
|
|
|
·
|
The pass-through rates applicable to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4] and Class [A-AB] Certificates are fixed at [____]%,[____]%,[____]%,[____]% and [____]%, respectively.
|
|
|
·
|
The Pass-Through Rate applicable to the Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B] and Class [A-J] will, at all times, be equal to the lesser of (i) the Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate and (ii) (a) [____]%, with respect to the Class [A-5A] Certificates, (b) [____]%, with respect to the Class [A-5B] Certificates, and (c) [____]%,with respect to the Class [A-J] Certificates.
|
|
|
·
|
The pass-through rate applicable to the Class [B] and Class [C] Certificates will, at all times, equal the weighted average net
|
|
|
|
mortgage pass-through rate less [________]% and [________]%, respectively.
|
|
|
·
|
The pass-through rate applicable to the Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G] and Class [H] Certificates will, at all times, equal the weighted average net mortgage pass-through rate.
|
|
|
·
|
The pass-through rates applicable to the Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates will, at all times, will be equal to [____]% per annum subject to a cap of the weighted average net mortgage pass-through rate.
|
|
|
·
|
The Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates will not have pass-through rates. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions—Method, Timing and Amount” and “—Payment Priorities” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
|
·
|
The pass-through rate applicable to the Class [X-C] Certificates for the initial distribution date will equal approximately [________]% per annum. The pass-through rate for the Class [X-C] Certificates for each distribution date subsequent to the initial distribution date will equal the weighted average of certain strip rates applicable to the respective classes of principal balance certificates or to designated components of those classes, with the relevant weighting to be done based upon the relative sizes of those classes or components. In that regard, although the outstanding principal balance of each class of principal balance certificates is represented in the total notional amount of the Class [X-C] Certificates, in the case of one or more classes of principal balance certificates, that principal balance is divided into two or more components for purposes of the calculation of the pass-through rate for the Class [X-C] Certificates from time to time.
|
|
|
·
|
The pass-through rate applicable to the Class [X-P] Certificates for the initial distribution date will be [____]% per annum. The pass-through rate for the Class [X-P] Certificates, for each distribution date subsequent to the initial distribution date through and including the [_____________] distribution date, will equal the weighted average of certain respective strip rates applicable to certain classes of principal balance certificates or designated components of those classes that in either case form a part of the total notional amount of the Class [X-P] Certificates outstanding immediately prior to the related distribution date, with the relevant weighting to be done based upon the relative sizes of those classes or components. The strip rates applicable to the calculation of the pass-through rates for the Class [X-C] and X-P Certificates are described under “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions—Payment Priorities” in this prospectus supplement.
|
Assumed Final Distribution
Date; Rated Final Distribution Date
|
The Assumed Final Distribution Dates of the Offered Certificates are set below. Such dates were calculated based on numerous assumptions as described herein under “Description of the Offered Certificates—Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date.” Accordingly, in the event of defaults on the mortgage loans, the actual final Distribution Date for one or more classes of the Offered
|
|
Certificates may be later, and could be substantially later, than the related Assumed Final Distribution Date(s).
|
|
|
Assumed Final Distribution Date
|
|
|
Class [A-1]
|
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|
|
Class [A-2]
|
|
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|
Class [A-3]
|
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|
Class [A-4]
|
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|
Class [A-AB]
|
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|
Class [A-5A]
|
|
|
|
Class [A-5B]
|
|
|
|
Class [X-P]
|
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|
Class [A-J]
|
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|
Class [B]
|
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|
Class [C]
|
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|
Class [D]
|
|
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|
Class [PEZ]
|
|
|
Distributions
|
On each distribution date, you will be entitled to receive interest and principal distributions from available funds in an amount equal to your certificate’s interest and principal entitlement, subject to:
|
|
|
(i)
|
payment of the respective interest entitlement for any class of certificates bearing an earlier alphabetical designation (except in respect of the distribution of interest among the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5], Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates, which will have the same senior priority and except that distributions to the Class [A-J] Certificates are paid after distributions to the foregoing classes, provided that if any interest is distributed to the Class [A-5] Certificates it will be applied first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates up to its interest entitlement and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates up to its interest entitlement), and
|
|
|
(ii)
|
if applicable, payment of the respective principal entitlement for such distribution date to outstanding classes of certificates having an earlier alphanumeric designation; provided, however, that the Class [A-AB] Certificates have certain priority with respect to reducing the principal balance of those certificates to their planned principal balance, as described in this prospectus supplement, and provided, that the Class [A-J] Certificates receive distributions only after distributions are made to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], and Class [A-5] Certificates; and provided, further, that principal distributed to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates until reduced to zero and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates until reduced to zero.
|
|
A description of the principal and interest entitlement of each class of certificates offered in this prospectus supplement for each distribution date can be found in “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions—Method, Timing and Amount,” “—Payment Priorities” and “—Distribution of Available Funds” in this prospectus supplement. The Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] certificates will not be entitled to any distributions of principal.
|
Yield Maintenance Charges
|
Prepayment premiums and yield maintenance charges will be allocated as described in “Description of the Offered Certificates—Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges” in this prospectus supplement.
|
Considerations
|
The yield to investors will be sensitive to the timing of prepayments, repurchases or purchases of mortgage loans, and the magnitude of losses on the mortgage loans due to liquidations. The yield to maturity on each class of certificates offered in this prospectus supplement will be sensitive to the rate and timing of principal payments (including both voluntary and involuntary prepayments, defaults and liquidations) on the mortgage loans and payments with respect to repurchases thereof that are applied in reduction of the certificate balance of that class. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Offered Certificates— Risks Related to Prepayments and Repurchases” and “—Yield Considerations” and “Yield and Maturity Considerations” in this prospectus supplement and “Yield and Maturity Considerations” in the prospectus.
|
Subordination; Allocation of
Losses and Certain Expenses
|
The chart below describes the manner in which the rights of various classes will be senior to the rights of other classes. This subordination will be effected in two ways: entitlement to receive principal and interest on any distribution date is in descending order and loan losses are allocated in ascending order. (However, no principal payments or principal losses will be allocated to the Class [X-C] or Class [X-P] Certificates, although mortgage loan losses will reduce the notional balances of the Class [X-C] Certificates and may reduce the notional balance of the Class [X-P] Certificates and, therefore, the amount of interest those classes accrue.)
|
|
_________________________________
|
|
|
*
|
The Class [A-AB] Certificates have certain priority with respect to reducing the principal balance of those certificates to their planned principal balance, as described in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
|
**
|
The Class [X-C] Certificates are not offered by this prospectus supplement and the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates are not entitled to distributions of principal.
|
|
[No other form of credit enhancement will be available for the benefit of the holders of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement.]
|
|
Losses allocated to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5B] Certificates until reduced to zero and then to the Class [A-5A] Certificates until reduced to zero.
|
|
[The principal balance of each class of exchangeable certificates will be reduced by a proportionate share of the amount of mortgage loan losses (including interest other than certain excess interest (over the amount of interest that would have accrued if the interest rate did not increase in connection with hyperamortizing loans) allocated to the related classes of depositable certificates, as set forth on Appendix D to this prospectus supplement]
|
|
In certain circumstances, shortfalls in mortgage loan interest that are the result of the timing of prepayments and that are in excess of the sum of (x) all or a portion of the servicing fee payable to the applicable servicer and (y) the amount of mortgage loan interest that accrues and is collected with respect to any principal prepayment that is made after the date on which interest is due will be allocated to, and be deemed distributed to, each class of certificates (other than the Class [X-C], Class [X-P], Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates), pro rata, based upon amounts distributable in respect of interest to each class. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Prepayment Interest Shortfalls” in this prospectus supplement.
|
Shortfalls in Available Funds
|
The following types of shortfalls in available funds will be allocated in the same manner as mortgage loan losses:
|
|
|
·
|
shortfalls resulting from additional servicing compensation which the master servicer or special servicer is entitled to receive;
|
|
|
·
|
shortfalls resulting from interest on advances made by the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee [or fiscal agent] (to the extent not covered by default interest and late payment fees paid by the related borrower);
|
|
|
·
|
shortfalls resulting from unanticipated expenses of the trust (including, but not limited to, expenses relating to environmental assessments, appraisals, any administrative or judicial proceeding, management of REO properties, maintenance of insurance policies, and permissible indemnification); and
|
|
|
·
|
shortfalls resulting from a reduction of a mortgage loan’s interest rate by a bankruptcy court or from other unanticipated or default-related expenses of the trust.
|
[The [Credit Enhancement,
Liquidity Support or
Derivatives Instrument]]
|
The trust fund will have the benefit of [identify credit enhancement, liquidity support or derivatives instrument] with [Name of Credit Enhancement Provider, Liquidity Provider or Derivatives Provider] with respect to the Class __ Certificates. [Insert disclosure required pursuant to Items 1114(a) and 1115(a) of Regulation AB]. [Name of Credit Enhancement Provider, Liquidity Provider or Derivatives Provider] currently has a long-term rating of “[__]” by [______] and “[__]” by [________], and a short-term rating of “[__]” by [______] and “[__]” by [______].
|
|
[Losses not covered by [credit enhancement, liquidity support or derivatives instrument] will be allocated among the certificates as described under “—Subordination; Allocation of Losses and Certain Expenses” and “—Shortfalls in Available Funds” above.]
|
[Overcollateralization
|
[The principal balance of mortgage loans in the trust fund at the cut-off date exceeds the initial principal balance of the certificates by [__]%.] [[Interest payments on the mortgage loans in excess of that required to make interest payments on the certificates (referred to as excess cash) will not be released. Instead, the excess cash will be available to offset principal losses and delinquencies on any Class of Certificates. To the extent the excess cash is not used to offset such principal losses and delinquencies, after the principal balances of [all of the Classes of Certificates] have been paid in full, such excess cash will be paid to the holders of the Class [_], [_], and [_] Certificates.]]
|
[Exchanging Certificates through
Combination and Recombination]
|
[If you own depositable certificates or exchangeable certificates, you will be able to exchange them for a proportionate interest in the related exchangeable certificates or classes of depositable certificates, respectively, as shown on Appendix D to this prospectus supplement. You can exchange your depositable or exchangeable certificates by notifying the paying agent and paying an exchange fee. If exchangeable certificates are outstanding and held by certificateholders then those certificates will receive principal and interest that would otherwise have been payable on the same proportion of related depositable certificates if those certificates were outstanding and held by certificateholders. Any such allocations of principal and interest as between classes of exchangeable certificates and depositable certificates will have no effect on the principal or interest entitlements of any other class of certificates. Appendix D to this prospectus supplement lists the available combinations of the depositable certificates and exchangeable certificates eligible for exchange. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates” in this prospectus supplement and “Description of the Certificates—Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates” in the accompanying prospectus for a description of depositable certificates and exchangeable certificates and exchange procedures and fees. See also “Risk Factors—The Depositable Certificates and the Exchangeable Certificates Are Subject to Additional Risks” in this prospectus supplement.]
|
Advances
A. General
|
The master servicer is required to advance delinquent monthly mortgage loan payments if the servicer determines that the advance will be recoverable from proceeds of the related mortgage loan. A principal and interest advance will generally equal the delinquent portion of the monthly mortgage loan payment. The master servicer will not be required to advance interest in excess of a mortgage loan’s regular interest rate (i.e., not including any default rate). The master servicer is not required to advance, among other things, prepayment premiums or yield maintenance charges, or balloon payments. If an advance is made, the master servicer will defer (rather than advance) servicing fees, but will advance the trustee/certificate administrator’s fees. Neither the master servicer nor the trustee [or fiscal agent] will make an advance if the special servicer determines that such advance is not recoverable from proceeds of the related mortgage loan.
|
|
If a borrower fails to pay amount due on the maturity date of the related mortgage loan, the master servicer will be required on and after such date and until final liquidation thereof, to advance only an amount equal to the interest (at the mortgage loan’s regular interest rate, as described above) and principal portion of the constant mortgage loan payment due immediately prior to the maturity date, subject to a recoverability determination.
|
|
In addition to principal and interest advances, the master servicer will also be obligated to make advances to pay delinquent real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance premiums and to cover other similar costs and expenses necessary to preserve the priority of the related mortgage, enforce the terms of any mortgage loan or to protect, manage and maintain each related mortgaged property. In addition, the special servicer may under certain circumstances make property advances on an emergency basis with respect to the mortgage loans that have been transferred to special servicing. [The master servicer will also be required to make property advances with respect to the [_______] loan combination [which includes a loan that is included in the trust fund and one or more subordinate companion loans that are not included in the trust fund.]
|
|
If the servicers fail to make any required advance, the trustee will be required to make the advance. [If the trustee fails to make a required advance, the fiscal agent will be required to make the advance, subject to the same limitations and with the same rights as the trustee.] The obligation of the servicers and the trustee [and fiscal agent] to make an advance will also be subject to a determination of recoverability. The trustee [and fiscal agent] will be entitled to conclusively rely on the determination of recoverability made by the servicers.
|
|
Principal and interest advances are intended to maintain a regular flow of scheduled interest and principal payments to the certificateholders and are not intended to guarantee or insure against losses. Advances which cannot be reimbursed out of collections on, or in respect of, the related mortgage loans will be generally reimbursed directly from any other collections on the mortgage loans as provided in this prospectus supplement and thus will cause losses to be borne by certificateholders in the priority specified in this prospectus supplement. The servicers
|
|
and the trustee [and fiscal agent] will be entitled to interest on any advances made.
|
|
This interest will accrue at the rate and is payable under the circumstances described in this prospectus supplement. Interest accrued on outstanding advances may result in reductions in amounts otherwise available for payment on the certificates.
|
|
See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances” in this prospectus supplement.
|
B. Appraisal Reduction Event
|
Certain adverse events affecting a mortgage loan, called appraisal reduction events, will require the special servicer to obtain a new appraisal (or, with respect to mortgage loans [or loan combinations] having a principal balance under $[__________], at the special servicer’s option, an estimate of value prepared by the special servicer or with the consent of the directing holder (which is generally the holder of the majority interest of the most subordinate class then outstanding), an appraisal on the related mortgaged property. Based on the estimate of value or appraised value in such appraisal, as applicable, it may be necessary to calculate an appraisal reduction amount. The amount required to be advanced in respect of a mortgage loan that has been subject to an appraisal reduction event will be reduced so that the master servicer will not be required to advance interest to the extent of the appraisal reduction amount. Due to the payment priorities described above, this will reduce the funds available to pay interest on the most subordinate class or classes of certificates then outstanding.
|
THE MORTGAGE POOL
Characteristics of the Mortgage Pool
A. General
|
For a more complete description of the mortgage loans, see the following sections in this prospectus supplement:
|
|
|
·
|
Description of the Mortgage Pool;
|
|
|
·
|
Annex A-1 (Certain Characteristics of the Mortgage Loans); and
|
|
|
·
|
Annex B (Description of the Top 10 Mortgage Loans).
|
|
All numerical information provided in this prospectus supplement with respect to the mortgage loans is approximate. All weighted average information regarding the mortgage loans reflects weighting of the mortgage loans by their respective principal balances as of the cut-off date.
|
|
When information with respect to mortgaged properties is presented as of the cut-off date and is expressed as a percentage of the initial outstanding pool balance, the percentages are based upon the outstanding principal balance as of the cut-off date of the related mortgage loan or allocated loan amount attributed to such mortgaged property.
|
|
The information in the following chart is presented as of the cut-off date, unless otherwise indicated. The information contained in the footnotes to the chart below is applicable throughout this prospectus supplement, unless otherwise indicated.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Mortgage Loans
|
|
|
|
Number of Mortgaged Properties
|
|
|
|
Number of Balloon Mortgage Loans
|
|
|
|
Number of Hyper-Amortizing Loans
|
|
|
|
Number of Fully Amortizing Mortgage Loans
|
|
|
|
[Number of Negative Amortizing Mortgage Loans]
|
|
|
|
Number of Interest-Only Mortgage Loans
|
|
|
|
Number of Partial Interest-Only Balloon Mortgage Loans
|
|
|
|
Aggregate initial Principal Balance (plus or minus 5%)
|
|
|
|
Range of Mortgage Loan Principal Balances
|
|
|
|
Average Mortgage Loan Principal Balance
|
|
|
|
Range of Mortgage Rates
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Mortgage Rate
|
|
|
|
Range of Original Terms to Maturity
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Original Term to Maturity
|
|
|
|
Range of Remaining Terms to Maturity
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Remaining Terms to Maturity
|
|
|
|
Range of Remaining Amortization Term
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Term
|
|
|
|
Range of Loan-to-Value Ratios
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Loan-to-Value Ratio
|
|
|
|
Range of Debt Service Coverage Ratios
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Debt Service Coverage Ratio
|
|
|
[B. Split Loan Structures
|
The mortgage loan identified as the [_______] loan, representing [__]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date and with an outstanding principal balance as of the cut-off date of $[_____], is secured by a mortgage property that also secures a subordinate loan that is not included in the mortgage pool, which subordinate companion loan has an outstanding principal balance as of the cut-off date of $[_____]. The subordinate companion loan will be subordinate in right of payment to the [________] loan. The [______] subordinate loan is currently held by [_______]. The holder of the [______] subordinate companion loan has certain rights with respect to the senior loan included in the trust as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Split Loan Structures—[_________].” The pooling and servicing agreement will govern the servicing of the [______] loan and its subordinate companion loan.]
|
C. Security for the Mortgage Loans
|
[___] of the mortgage loans, representing [___]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date will consist of mortgage loans secured by first liens on mortgaged properties. [[___] of the mortgage loans, representing [___]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date will consist of mortgage loans secured by [second] [specify other lien priorities] liens on mortgaged properties.]
|
D. Nonrecourse
|
Substantially all of the mortgage loans are or should be considered nonrecourse obligations. No mortgage loan will be insured or guaranteed by any governmental entity or private insurer, or by any other person.
|
E. Fee Simple/Leasehold Estate
|
Each mortgage loan is secured by, among other things, [either] a first [or a junior] mortgage lien on the fee simple estate in an income-producing real property (or in the case of [_____] mortgaged properties, securing mortgage loans which represent [_____]% of the
|
|
outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, either (a) a leasehold estate in a portion of the mortgaged property and a fee estate in a portion of the mortgaged property or (b) a leasehold (or subleasehold) estate in the mortgaged property and no mortgage on the related fee estate).
|
F. Property Purpose
|
The number of mortgaged properties, and the approximate percentage of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date of the mortgage loans secured thereby, for each indicated purpose are:
|
|
|
No. of Mortgaged Properties
|
Aggregate Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans(1)
|
|
|
|
Multifamily
|
|
|
|
|
|
Multifamily
|
|
|
|
|
|
Manufactured Housing
|
|
|
|
|
|
Office
|
|
|
|
|
|
Retail
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anchored
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unanchored
|
|
|
|
|
|
Single Tenant
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hotel
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mixed Use
|
|
|
|
|
|
Self Storage
|
|
|
|
|
|
Industrial
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
_________________________________
|
|
(1)
|
Because this table presents information relating to the mortgaged properties and not the mortgage loans, the information for mortgage loans secured by more than one mortgaged property is based on allocated loan amounts (which amounts, if not specified in the related mortgage loan documents, are based on the appraised value or square footage of each mortgaged property and/or each mortgaged property’s underwritten net cash flow).
|
G. Property Locations
|
The tables below show the number of mortgaged properties, aggregate principal balance of the related mortgage loans, and percentage of initial pool balance, secured by mortgaged properties that are located in the top five jurisdictions of the outstanding pool balance, as of the cut-off date:
|
|
|
No. of Mortgaged Properties
|
Aggregate Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans
|
|
|
|
[___________]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[___________]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[___________]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[___________]
|
|
|
|
|
|
[___________]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
Because this table presents information relating to the mortgaged properties and not the mortgage loans, the information for mortgage loans secured by more than one mortgaged property is based on allocated loan amounts (which amounts, if not specified in the related
|
|
mortgage loan documents, are based on the appraised value or square footage of each mortgaged property and/or each mortgaged property’s underwritten net cash flow).
|
|
See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Loan Information” in this prospectus supplement.
|
H. Due Dates
|
Monthly payments of principal and/or interest on each mortgage loan are due as shown below with the indicated grace periods.
|
|
|
Default Grace Period Days
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As used in this prospectus supplement, “grace period” is the number of days before a payment default is an event of default under each mortgage loan. See Annex A-1 for information on the number of days before late payment charges are due under each mortgage loan.
|
I. Amortization Types
|
The mortgage loans have the amortization characteristics set forth in the following table:
|
|
|
|
Aggregate Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans
|
% of Initial Pool Balance
|
|
|
Partial Interest-only Balloon Loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest-only loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balloon Loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fully Amortizing Loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
[Negative Amortizing Loans]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
J. [Modified and Refinanced Loans
|
As of the cut-off date, [__] of the mortgage loans have modified due to previous delinquencies or impending delinquencies. [Insert description of types of modifications.]
|
|
As of the cut-off date, [__] of the mortgage loans are re-financings of mortgage loans that were previously delinquent.]
|
K. Prepayment Provisions;
Defeasance Loans
|
As of the cut-off date, all of the mortgage loans prohibit voluntary prepayment or defeasance until at least two years after the closing date. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans—Prepayment Provisions” and “—Property Releases” in this prospectus supplement.
|
|
[___] of the mortgage loans, representing [___]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, permit defeasance following a lock-out period of at least two years from the closing date.
|
|
[___] of the mortgage loans, representing [___]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, permit, following a lock-out period, prepayment with a yield maintenance charge (which charge is at least [___]% of the prepaid amount), but do not permit defeasance.
|
|
[___] of the mortgage loans, representing [___]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, permits defeasance or prepayment with a yield maintenance charge (which charge is at least [___]% of the prepaid amount) following a lock-out period of [___] months from the closing date.
|
|
The mortgage loans generally provide for a period prior to maturity (generally 1 to 7 months) during which prepayments may be made without penalty or yield maintenance charge.
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All of the mortgage loans that permit prepayments or defeasances require that the prepayment or defeasance be made on the due date or, if on a different date, that any prepayment or defeasance be accompanied by the interest that would be due on the next due date.
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[L. Certain Variances from
Underwriting Standards
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Certain of the mortgage loans may vary from the underwriting guidelines described under “The Sponsor[s], Mortgage Loan Seller[s] and Originator[s]—GACC’s Underwriting Standards” in this prospectus supplement. [Describe the nature of any material exceptions granted by GACC to its underwriting guidelines, including the number and percentage of loans with such exceptions.]]
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[M. [Prefunding].[Revolving] Period
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[Insert disclosure required by Items 1103(a)(5) and 1111(g) of Regulation AB.]
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Related Borrowers
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Several mortgage loans have related borrowers that are affiliated with one another through partial or complete direct or indirect common ownership, with the three largest of these groups representing [___]%, [___]% and [___]%, respectively, of the outstanding pool balance. See Annex A-1 for additional information.
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Ten Largest Mortgage Loans or [Cross-Collateralized] [Related] Groups
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Aggregate
Cut-off Date
Balance
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Total/Weighted Average
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With respect to each of the above mortgage loans or [cross-collateralized] [related] groups that represents 10% or more of the outstanding pool balance, additional information is set forth on Annex B-1 hereto.
(1)
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This listing must include any loans as to which the related obligor would constitute a “significant obligor” as defined in Item 1101(k) of Regulation AB.
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ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
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See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Appraisal Reductions” in this prospectus supplement.
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Optional Termination.
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On any distribution date on which the remaining aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans is less than [1][10]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, each of (i) the holder of the majority interest of the most subordinate class then outstanding, (ii) the master servicer, or (iii) the special servicer, in that order, may exercise an option to purchase all of the mortgage loans (and all property acquired through the exercise of remedies in respect of any mortgage loan). Exercise of this option will effect the termination of the trust and retirement of the then outstanding certificates. The trust could also be terminated in connection with an exchange by a sole remaining certificateholder of all the then outstanding certificates (including the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates), excluding the Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates (provided, however, that the Class A through Class [D] Certificates are no longer outstanding) for the mortgage loans remaining in the trust.
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See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Optional Termination” in this prospectus supplement and “Description of the Certificates—Termination” in the prospectus.
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[Trigger Events
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[If applicable to any transaction, insert disclosure required by Item 1103(a)(3)(vii) of Regulation AB.]]
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Repurchase Obligation
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Each mortgage loan seller will make certain representations and warranties with respect to the mortgage loans sold by such mortgage loan seller, as described herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Representations and Warranties; Repurchase;
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Substitution.” If a mortgage loan seller has been notified of a material breach of any of its representations and warranties or a material defect in the documentation of any mortgage loan, then that mortgage loan seller will be required to either cure the breach, repurchase the affected mortgage loan from the trust fund or substitute the affected mortgage loan with another mortgage loan. If the related mortgage loan seller opts to repurchase the affected mortgage loan, the repurchase would have the same effect on the Offered Certificates as a prepayment in full of the affected mortgage loan, except that the repurchase will not be accompanied by any prepayment premium or yield maintenance charge.
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Pursuant to the pooling and servicing agreement, the special servicer is required to solicit offers for defaulted mortgage loans and REO properties and accept the first (and, if multiple bids are contemporaneously received, the highest) cash bid from any person that constitutes a fair price for the defaulted mortgage loan or REO property, determined as described in “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loans and REO Properties” in this prospectus supplement, unless the special servicer determines, in its reasonable and good faith judgment, that rejection of such offer would be in the best interests of the certificateholders [and any holder of a related companion loan, as a collective whole as if such certificateholders and (with respect to a loan combination) companion loan noteholders constituted a single lender]. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loans and REO Properties” in this prospectus supplement.
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Conflicts of Interest
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The relationships between the parties to this transaction and the activities of those parties or their affiliates may give rise to certain conflicts of interest. These conflicts of interests may arise from, among other things, the following relationships and activities:
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the ownership of any certificates by the depositor, mortgage loan sellers, underwriters, master servicer, special servicer or any of their affiliates;
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the relationships, including financial dealings, of the mortgage loan sellers, master servicer, special servicer or any of their affiliates with any borrower or sponsor;
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the obligation of the special servicer to take actions at the direction of the directing holder;
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the broker-dealer activities of the underwriters and their affiliates, including taking long or short positions in the certificates or entering into credit derivative transactions with respect to the certificates;
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[the opportunity of the initial investor in the [Class __], [Class __], and [Class __] certificates to request the removal or re-sizing of or other changes to the features of some or all of the mortgage loans]; and
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the activities of the master servicer, special servicer, mortgage loan sellers or any of their affiliates in connection with any other transaction.
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See “Risk Factors—Conflicts of Interest” in this prospectus supplement.
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Elections will be made to treat portions of the trust (exclusive of the portions of the Class [__] and Class [__] Certificates that have been exchanged for the Class PEZ Certificates and the related distribution account) as two separate REMICs, known as the Lower-Tier REMIC and the Upper-Tier REMIC for federal income tax purposes. In the opinion of counsel, such portions of the trust and the loan will qualify for this treatment pursuant to their elections.
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Federal income tax consequences of an investment in the certificates (other than the Class PEZ Certificates) offered in this prospectus supplement include:
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Each class of certificates offered in this prospectus supplement will constitute a class of “regular interests” in the Upper Tier REMIC.
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The regular interests will be treated as newly originated debt instruments for federal income tax purposes.
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Beneficial owners of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement will be required to report income on those certificates in accordance with the accrual method of accounting.
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It is anticipated that the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement, other than the Class [__] and Class [X-P] Certificates, will be issued at a premium, and that the Class [__] and Class [X-P] Certificates will be issued with original issue discount.
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In addition, in the opinion of counsel, the portion of the Class [__] and Class [__] Certificates that have been exchanged for the Class PEZ Certificates and the related distribution account will be treated as a grantor trust for federal income tax purposes.
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See “Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences” in this prospectus supplement and “Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences—Federal Income Tax Consequences for REMIC Certificates” in the prospectus.
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ERISA Considerations
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A fiduciary of an employee benefit plan should review with its legal advisors whether the purchase or holding of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement could give rise to a transaction that is prohibited or is not otherwise permitted under either ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or whether there exists any statutory, regulatory or administrative exemption applicable thereto. The United States Department of Labor has granted to [_____________] an administrative exemption, Department Final Authorization Number [_________], as amended by Prohibited Transaction Exemption (“PTE”) 2007-05, which generally exempts from the application of certain of the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 406 of ERISA and the excise taxes imposed on such prohibited transactions by Sections 4975(a) and (b) of the Internal
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Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, transactions relating to the purchase, sale and holding of pass-through certificates underwritten by the underwriters and the servicing and operation of the related asset pool, provided that certain conditions are satisfied.
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The Depositor expects that the exemption granted to [_____________] will generally apply to the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement, provided, that certain conditions are satisfied. See “ERISA Considerations” in this prospectus supplement and “Certain ERISA Considerations” in the prospectus.
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Ratings
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It is a condition to the issuance of the offered certificates that each class of the offered certificates will receive investment grade credit ratings from two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged by the depositor to rate the offered certificates.
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See “Ratings” in this prospectus supplement and “Rating” in the prospectus for a discussion of the basis upon which ratings are given, the limitations of and restrictions on the ratings, and the conclusions that should not be drawn from a rating. Each of the nationally recognized statistical rating organizations engaged by the depositor to rate the offered certificates has agreed to perform ratings surveillance with respect to its ratings for so long as the certificates remain outstanding. Fees for such ratings surveillance will be paid by the depositor.
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A rating is not a recommendation to purchase, hold or sell the related certificates. Any rating agency that rates the certificates may, in its discretion, lower or withdraw its rating at any time as to any class of certificates. None of the relevant parties (including, without limitation, the issuing entity, the depositor, the sponsors, the servicers, the certificate administrator, the trustee, the operating advisor and their affiliates) will be required to monitor any changes to any ratings on the certificates.
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Nationally recognized statistical rating organizations that the depositor has not engaged to rate the offered certificates may nevertheless issue unsolicited credit ratings on one or more classes of certificates, relying on information they receive pursuant to Rule 17g-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. If any such unsolicited ratings are issued, we cannot assure you that they will not be different from any ratings assigned by a rating agency engaged by the depositor. The issuance of unsolicited ratings of one or more classes of the offered certificates that are lower than the ratings assigned by the rating agencies engaged by the depositor may adversely impact the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of that class or those classes of offered certificates.
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As part of the process of obtaining ratings for the offered certificates, the depositor had initial discussions with and submitted certain materials to certain nationally recognized statistical rating organizations. Based on preliminary feedback from those nationally recognized statistical rating organizations at that time, the depositor selected two of those nationally recognized statistical rating organizations to rate the offered certificates and did not select the other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations due, in part, to those nationally recognized statistical rating organizations’ initial
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subordination levels for the various classes of offered and non-offered certificates. Had the depositor selected such other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations to rate the offered certificates, we cannot assure you as to the ratings that such other nationally recognized statistical rating organizations would ultimately have assigned to the offered certificates. Although unsolicited ratings may be issued by any nationally recognized statistical rating organization, a nationally recognized statistical rating organization might be more likely to issue an unsolicited rating if it was not selected after having provided preliminary feedback to the depositor.
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Neither the depositor nor any other person or entity will have any duty to notify you if any nationally recognized statistical rating organization issues, or delivers notice of its intention to issue, unsolicited ratings on one or more classes of offered certificates after the date of this prospectus supplement. In no event will no downgrade confirmations from any nationally recognized statistical rating organization (other than the rating agencies engaged by the depositor) be a condition to any action, or the exercise of any right, power or privilege by any person or entity under the pooling and servicing agreement.
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Furthermore, the Securities and Exchange Commission may determine that either or both of the rating agencies engaged by the depositor to rate the offered certificates no longer qualifies as a nationally recognized statistical rating organization, or is no longer qualified to rate the offered certificates, and that determination may have an adverse effect on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the offered certificates. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Offered Certificates—Ratings of the Offered Certificates” and “Ratings” in this prospectus supplement and “Rating” in the prospectus for more information.
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Legal Investment
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No class of the offered certificates will constitute “mortgage related securities” for the purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended. If your investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital requirements, or review by regulatory authorities, then you may be subject to restrictions on investment in the certificates. You should consult your own legal advisors for assistance in determining the suitability and consequences of the purchase, ownership, and sale of the certificates. See “Legal Investment” in this prospectus supplement and in the prospectus.
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The certificates offered in this prospectus supplement will be issuable in registered form, in minimum denominations of certificate balance of (i) $[________] with respect to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B],Class [A-J] and Class [PEZ] Certificates, (ii) $[________] with respect to the Class [B], Class [C] and Class [D] Certificates and (iii) $[________] with respect to the Class [X-P] Certificates.
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Investments in excess of the minimum denominations may be made in multiples of $[________].
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You may hold your certificates through (i) The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) (in the United States) or (ii) Clearstream Banking
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Luxembourg, a division of Clearstream International, société anonyme (“Clearstream”) or The Euroclear System (“Euroclear”) (in Europe). Transfers within DTC, Clearstream or Euroclear will be in accordance with the usual rules and operating procedures of the relevant system. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Delivery, Form and Denomination,” “—Book-Entry Registration” and “—Definitive Certificates” in this prospectus supplement and “Description of the Certificates—Book-Entry Registration and Definitive Certificates” in the prospectus.
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RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the following risks and those risks described in “Risk Factors” in the prospectus before making an investment decision. In particular, the timing and amount of distributions on your certificates will depend on payments received on and other recoveries with respect to the mortgage loans. Therefore, you should carefully consider the risk factors relating to the mortgage loans and the mortgaged properties.
If any of the following events or circumstances identified as risks actually occur or materialize, your investment could be materially and adversely affected. We note that additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us may also impair your investment.
[If you are considering an investment in a class of exchangeable certificates you should carefully consider the risks related to the certificates below, in particular any of the risks that are specifically applicable to the related classes of depositable certificates, since they will generally apply to the exchangeable certificates.]
This prospectus supplement also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks described below and elsewhere in this prospectus supplement.
The Offered Certificates May Not Be a Suitable Investment for You
The yield to maturity and the aggregate amount and timing of distributions on the certificates are subject to material variability from period to period and over the life of the certificates. The interaction of the foregoing factors and their effects are impossible to predict and are likely to change from time to time. As a result, an investment in the offered certificates involves substantial risks and uncertainties and should be considered only by sophisticated investors with substantial investment experience with similar types of securities.
Risks Related to Market Conditions
The Credit Crisis and Downturn in the Real Estate Market Have Adversely Affected the Value of Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities
Over the past several years, events in the real estate and securitization markets, as well as the debt markets generally, have caused significant dislocations, illiquidity and volatility in the market for commercial mortgage-backed securities, as well as in the wider global financial markets. Declining real estate values, coupled with diminished availability of leverage and/or refinancings for commercial real estate has resulted in increased delinquencies and defaults on commercial mortgage loans. In addition, the downturn in the general economy has affected the financial strength of many commercial real estate tenants and has resulted in increased rent delinquencies and increased vacancies, particularly in the retail sector. Any continued downturn may lead to increased vacancies, decreased rents or other declines in income from, or the value of, commercial real estate, which would likely have an adverse effect on commercial mortgage-backed securities that are backed by loans secured by such commercial real estate and thus affect the values of such commercial mortgage-backed securities. We cannot assure you that the dislocation in the commercial mortgage-backed securities market will not continue to occur or become more severe. Even if the commercial mortgage-backed securities market does recover, the mortgaged properties and therefore, the offered certificates, may decline in value. Any further economic downturn may adversely affect the financial resources of the borrowers under the mortgage loans and may result in the inability of the borrowers to make principal and interest payments on, or refinance, the outstanding debt when due or to sell the mortgaged properties for an aggregate amount sufficient to pay off the outstanding debt when due. In the event of default by the borrowers under the mortgage loans, the trust may suffer a partial or total loss with respect to the offered certificates. Any delinquency or loss on the mortgaged properties would have an adverse effect on the distributions of principal and interest received by holders of the offered certificates.
In addition to credit factors directly affecting commercial mortgage-backed securities, the continuing fallout from a downturn in the residential mortgage-backed securities market and markets for other asset-backed and structured products has also affected the commercial mortgage-backed securities market by contributing to a decline in the market value and liquidity of securitized investments such as commercial mortgage-backed securities. The deterioration of other structured products markets may continue to adversely affect the value of commercial mortgage-backed securities. Even if commercial mortgage-backed securities are performing as anticipated, the value of such commercial mortgage-backed securities in the secondary market may nevertheless decline as a result of a deterioration in general market conditions for other asset-backed or structured products. Trading activity associated with commercial mortgage-backed securities indices may also drive spreads on those indices wider than spreads on commercial mortgage-backed securities, thereby resulting in a decrease in value of such commercial mortgage-backed securities.
The Current Recession and Credit Crisis May Increase Loan Defaults and Affect the Value and Liquidity of Your Investment.
The global economy is experiencing a significant recession, as well as a severe, ongoing disruption in the credit markets, including the general absence of investor demand for and purchases of commercial mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities and structured financial products. Downward price pressures and increasing defaults and foreclosures in residential real estate or other conditions that severely depressed the overall economy and contributed to the credit crisis have also led to increased vacancies, decreased rents or other/declines in income from, or the value of, commercial real estate. Additionally, the lack of credit liquidity, correspondingly higher mortgage rates and decreases in the value of commercial properties have prevented many commercial mortgage borrowers from refinancing their mortgages. These circumstances have increased delinquency and default rates of securitized commercial mortgage loans, and may lead to widespread commercial mortgage defaults. In addition, the declines in commercial real estate values have resulted in reduced borrower equity, hindering their ability to refinance in an environment of increasingly restrictive lending standards and giving them less incentive to cure delinquencies and avoid foreclosure. Higher loan-to-value ratios are likely to result in lower recoveries on foreclosure, and an increase in loss severities above those that would have been realized had commercial property values remained the same or continued to increase. Defaults, delinquencies and losses have further decreased property values, thereby resulting in additional defaults by commercial mortgage borrowers, further credit constraints, further declines in property values and further adverse effects on the perception of the value of commercial mortgage-backed securities.
Heightened Underwriting Standards May Contribute to Losses on Commercial Loans.
Many commercial mortgage lenders have tightened their loan underwriting standards, which has reduced the availability of mortgage credit to prospective borrowers. These developments have contributed, and may continue to contribute, to a weakening in the commercial real estate market as these adjustments have, among other things, inhibited refinancing and reduced the number of potential buyers of commercial real estate. The continued use or further adjustment of these loan underwriting standards may contribute to further increases in delinquencies and losses on commercial mortgage loans generally.
Global Market Disruptions and Recent U.S. Legislation May Adversely Affect the Availability of Credit for Commercial Real Estate.
In addition, developments since spring of 2008, including among other factors, the circumstances of the collapse and subsequent sale of Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc., the merger of Bank of America Corporation and Merrill Lynch & Co., the insolvency of Washington Mutual Inc., the emergency extension of approximately $152 billion in credit by the U.S. Department of the Treasury to American International Group Inc., the conservatorship and the control by the U.S. government since September 2008 of the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, commonly referred to as Freddie Mac, and the Federal National Mortgage Association, commonly referred to as Fannie Mae and the establishment of the Troubled Asset Relief Program through the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, have resulted in a substantial level of uncertainty in the financial markets, particularly with respect to mortgage related investments.
The global markets have seen an increase in volatility due to uncertainty surrounding the level and sustainability of sovereign debt of certain countries that are part of the European Union, including Greece, Spain, Portugal and
Italy, as well as the sustainability of the European Union itself. We cannot assure you that this uncertainty will not lead to further disruption of the credit markets in the United States. In addition, recently-enacted financial reform legislation in the United States could adversely affect the availability of credit for commercial real estate.
General Conditions in the Commercial Real Estate Mortgage Markets May Adversely Affect the Performance of the Offered Certificates.
Investors should consider that general conditions in the commercial real estate and mortgage markets may adversely affect the performance of the mortgage loans and accordingly the performance of the offered certificates. In addition, in connection with all the circumstances described above, you should be aware in particular that:
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such circumstances may result in substantial delinquencies and defaults on the mortgage loans in the trust fund and adversely affect the amount of liquidation proceeds the trust fund would realize in the event of foreclosures and liquidations;
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defaults on the mortgage loans in the trust fund may occur in large concentrations over a period of time, which might result in rapid declines in the value of your certificates;
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notwithstanding that the mortgage loans in the trust fund were recently underwritten and originated, the values of the mortgaged properties may decline following the issuance of the offered certificates and such declines may be substantial and occur in a relatively short period following the issuance of the offered certificates; and such declines may or may not occur for reasons largely unrelated to the circumstances of the particular property;
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if you determine to sell your offered certificates, you may be unable to do so or you may be able to do so only at a substantial discount from the price you paid; this may be the case for reasons unrelated to the then current performance of the offered certificates or the mortgage loans; and this may be the case within a relatively short period following the issuance of the offered certificates;
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if the mortgage loans in the trust fund default, then the yield on your investment may be substantially reduced notwithstanding that liquidation proceeds may be sufficient to result in the repayment of the principal of and accrued interest on your certificates; an earlier-than-anticipated repayment of principal (even in the absence of losses) in the event of a default in advance of the maturity date would tend to shorten the weighted average period during which you earn interest on your investment; and a later-than anticipated repayment of principal (even in the absence of losses) in the event of a default upon the maturity date would tend to delay your receipt of principal and the interest on your investment may be insufficient to compensate you for that delay;
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even if liquidation proceeds received on defaulted mortgage loans are sufficient to cover the principal and accrued interest on those mortgage loans, the trust fund may experience losses in the form of special servicing fees and other expenses, and you may bear losses as a result, or your yield may be affected by such losses;
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the time periods to resolve defaulted mortgage loans may be long, and those periods may be further extended because of borrower bankruptcies and related litigation; and this may be especially true in the case of loans made to borrowers that have, or whose affiliates have, substantial debts other than the mortgage loan, including related subordinate or mezzanine financing;
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some participants in the CMBS markets have sought permission from the Internal Revenue Service to allow a purchaser of a mortgaged property acquired in respect of a mortgage loan held by a REMIC to assume the extinguished debt in connection with a purchase of that property; if such permission is granted and the special servicer pursues such a resolution strategy, then the receipt of proceeds of a foreclosure property would be delayed for an extended period; and this may occur when it would be in your best interest for the property to be sold for cash, even at a lesser price, with the proceeds distributed to certificateholders;
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trading activity associated with indices of commercial mortgage-backed securities may also drive spreads on those indices wider than spreads on commercial mortgage-backed securities, thereby resulting in
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a decrease in value of such commercial mortgage-backed securities, including your certificates, and spreads on those indices may be affected by a variety of factors, and may or may not be affected for reasons involving the commercial real estate markets and may be affected for reasons that are unknown and cannot be discerned; and
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even if you intend to hold your offered certificates, depending on your circumstances, you may be required to report declines in the value of your certificates, and/or record losses, on your financial statements or regulatory or supervisory reports, and/or repay or post additional collateral for any secured financing, hedging arrangements or other financial transactions that you have entered into that are backed by or make reference to your certificates, in each case as if your certificates were to be sold immediately.
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In connection with all the circumstances described above, the risks we described elsewhere under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are heightened substantially, and you should review and carefully consider such risk factors in light of such circumstances.
Risks Related to the Mortgage Loans
Mortgage Loans Are Nonrecourse and Are Not Insured or Guaranteed
Payments under the mortgage loans are not insured, and are either not guaranteed or should not be considered to be, by any person or entity.
Substantially all of the mortgage loans are or should be considered to be nonrecourse loans. If a default occurs, the lender’s remedies generally are limited to foreclosing against the borrower and/or the specific mortgaged properties and other assets that have been pledged to secure the mortgage loan, subject to customary nonrecourse carveouts either to the borrower or its sponsor. Even if a mortgage loan is recourse to the borrower (or if a nonrecourse carveout to the borrower applies), in most cases, the borrower’s assets are limited primarily to its interest in the related mortgaged property. Payment of amounts due under the mortgage loan prior to the maturity date is consequently dependent primarily on the sufficiency of the net operating income of the mortgaged property. Payment of the mortgage loan at the maturity date is primarily dependent upon the market value of the mortgaged property and the borrower’s ability to sell or refinance the mortgaged property for an amount sufficient to repay the mortgage loan.
All of the mortgage loans were originated within [__] months prior to the cut-off date. Consequently, the mortgage loans generally do not have a long-standing payment history.
The Offered Certificates are Limited Obligations and Payments will be Primarily Derived From the Mortgage Loans
The certificates, when issued, will represent beneficial interests in the trust fund. The certificates will not represent an interest in, or obligation of, the sponsor[s], the mortgage loan seller[s], the depositor, the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor or any other person. The primary assets of the trust fund will be the notes evidencing the mortgage loans, and the primary security and source of payment for the mortgage loans will be the mortgaged properties and the other collateral described in this prospectus supplement. Payments on the certificates are expected to be derived from payments made by the borrowers on the mortgage loans. We cannot assure you that the cash flow from the mortgaged properties and the proceeds of any sale or refinancing of the mortgaged properties will be sufficient to pay the principal of, and interest on, the mortgage loans or to distribute in full the amounts of interest and principal to which the holders of the certificates are entitled. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—General” in this prospectus supplement.
Commercial Lending Is Dependent Upon Net Operating Income
The mortgage loans are secured by various types of income-producing commercial properties. Commercial mortgage loans are generally thought to expose a lender to greater risk than one-to-four family residential loans.
The repayment of a commercial loan is typically dependent upon the ability of the applicable property to produce cash flow. Even the liquidation value of a commercial property is determined, in substantial part, by the
amount of the mortgaged property’s cash flow (or its potential to generate cash flow). However, net operating income and cash flow can be volatile and may be insufficient to cover debt service on the loan at any given time. Lenders typically look to the debt service coverage ratio (that is, the ratio of net cash flow to debt service) of a mortgage loan secured by income-producing property as an important measure of the risk of default of that mortgage loan.
The net operating income, cash flow and property value of the mortgaged properties may be adversely affected by a large number of factors. Some of these factors relate to the property itself, such as:
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the age, design and construction quality of the mortgaged property;
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perceptions regarding the safety, convenience and attractiveness of the mortgaged property;
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the proximity and attractiveness of competing properties;
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the adequacy of the mortgaged property’s management and maintenance;
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increases in operating expenses at the mortgaged property and in relation to competing properties;
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an increase in the capital expenditures needed to maintain the mortgaged property or make improvements;
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the dependence upon a single tenant, or a concentration of tenants in a particular business or industry;
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a decline in the financial condition of a major tenant;
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an increase in vacancy rates; and
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a decline in rental rates as leases are renewed or entered into with new tenants.
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[Certain mortgaged properties are secured in whole or in part by recently constructed mortgaged properties or recently acquired properties that have no prior operating history and lack historical financial figures and information.]
Others factors are more general in nature, such as:
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national, regional or local economic conditions (including plant closings, military base closings, industry slowdowns and unemployment rates);
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local real estate conditions (such as an oversupply of competing properties, space, multifamily housing or hotel rooms);
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decreases in consumer confidence;
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changes in consumer tastes and preferences;
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retroactive changes in building codes;
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changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments; and
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the public’s perception of safety for customers and clients.
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The volatility of net operating income will be influenced by many of the foregoing factors, as well as by:
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the length of tenant leases and other lease terms, including co-tenancy provisions and early termination rights;
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the creditworthiness of tenants;
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in the case of rental properties, the rate at which new rentals occur; and
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the mortgaged property’s “operating leverage” (i.e., the percentage of total property expenses in relation to revenue, the ratio of fixed operating expenses to those that vary with revenues, and the level of capital expenditures required to maintain the property and to retain or replace tenants).
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A decline in the real estate market or in the financial condition of a major tenant will tend to have a more immediate effect on the net operating income of mortgaged properties with short-term revenue sources and may lead to higher rates of delinquency or defaults under the related mortgage loans.
In addition, underwritten or adjusted cash flows, by their nature, are speculative and are based upon certain assumptions and projections. The failure of these assumptions or projections in whole or in part could cause the underwritten or adjusted cash flows to vary substantially from the actual net operating income of a mortgaged property. See “—Underwritten Net Cash Flow May Be Based on Flawed Assumptions” in the Prospectus.
Mortgage Loans Have Not Been Reunderwritten Since Origination
We have not reunderwritten the mortgage loans. Instead, we have relied on the representations and warranties made by the sponsors, and each sponsor’s obligation to repurchase, substitute or cure a mortgage loan in the event that a representation or warranty was not true when made and such breach materially and adversely affects the value of the mortgage loan or the interests of the certificateholders. The representations and warranties do not cover all of the matters that we would review in underwriting a mortgage loan and you should not view them as a substitute for reunderwriting the mortgage loans. Furthermore, these representations and warranties in some respects represent an allocation of risk rather than a confirmed description of the mortgage loans, although the sponsors have not made representations and warranties that they know to be untrue (subject to the exceptions described in the applicable mortgage loan purchase agreement). If we had reunderwritten the mortgage loans, it is possible that the reunderwriting process may have revealed problems with a mortgage loan not covered by a representation or warranty or may have revealed inaccuracies in the representations and warranties. In addition, we cannot assure you that the applicable sponsor will be able to repurchase or substitute a mortgage loan if a representation or warranty has been breached. See “The Mortgage Loan Seller May Not Be Able to Make a Required Repurchase or Substitution of a Defective Mortgage Loan,” “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Representations and Warranties; Repurchase; Substitution” in this prospectus supplement.
The Prospective Performance of the Commercial and Multifamily Mortgage Loans Included in the Trust Fund Should Be Evaluated Separately from the Performance of the Mortgage Loans in any of our Other Trusts
While there may be certain common factors affecting the performance and value of income-producing real properties in general, those factors do not apply equally to all income-producing real properties and, in many cases, there are unique factors that will affect the performance and/or value of a particular income-producing real property. Moreover, the effect of a given factor on a particular real property will depend on a number of variables, including but not limited to property type, geographic location, competition, sponsorship and other characteristics of the property and the related mortgage loan. Each income-producing real property represents a separate and distinct business venture; and, as a result, each of the multifamily and commercial mortgage loans included in one of the depositor’s trusts requires a unique underwriting analysis. Furthermore, economic and other conditions affecting real properties, whether worldwide, national, regional or local, vary over time. The performance of a pool of mortgage loans originated and outstanding under a given set of economic conditions may vary significantly from the performance of an otherwise comparable mortgage pool originated and outstanding under a different set of economic conditions. Accordingly, investors should evaluate the mortgage loans underlying the offered certificates independently from the performance of mortgage loans underlying any other series of offered certificates.
As a result of the distinct nature of each pool of commercial mortgage loans, and the separate mortgage loans within the pool, this prospectus supplement does not include disclosure concerning the delinquency and loss
experience of static pools of periodic originations by the sponsor of assets of the type to be securitized (known as “static pool data”). Because of the highly heterogeneous nature of the assets in commercial mortgage backed securities transactions, static pool data for prior securitized pools, even those involving the same asset types (e.g., hotels or office buildings), may be misleading, since the economics of the properties and terms of the loans may be materially different. In particular, static pool data showing a low level of delinquencies and defaults would not be indicative of the performance of this pool or any other pools of mortgage loans originated by the same sponsor or sponsors. Therefore, investors should evaluate this offering on the basis of the information set forth in this prospectus supplement with respect to the mortgage loans, and not on the basis of any successful performance of other pools of securitized commercial mortgage loans.
Some Mortgaged Properties May Not Be Readily Convertible to Alternative Uses
Some of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans included in the trust fund may not be readily convertible to alternative uses if those properties were to become unprofitable for any reason. Converting commercial properties to alternate uses generally requires substantial capital expenditures and could result in a significant adverse effect on, or interruption of, the revenues generated by such mortgaged properties. In addition, zoning or other restrictions also may prevent alternative uses. The liquidation value of any such mortgaged property consequently may be substantially less than would be the case if the property were readily adaptable to other uses.
Some of the mortgaged properties have been designated as historic or landmark buildings or are located in areas designated as historic or landmark. Such properties may have restrictions related to renovations, construction or other restrictions and may not be permitted to be converted to alternative uses because of such restrictions.
Property Value May Be Adversely Affected Even When Current Operating Income Is Not
Various factors may adversely affect the value of the mortgaged properties without affecting the properties’ current net operating income. These factors include, among others:
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changes in governmental regulations, fiscal policy, zoning or tax laws;
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potential environmental legislation or liabilities or other legal liabilities;
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the availability of refinancing; and
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changes in interest rate levels.
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Tenant Concentration Entails Risk.
A deterioration in the financial condition of a tenant can be particularly significant if a mortgaged property is leased to a single tenant, or if a few tenants make up a significant portion of the rental income. In the event of a default by a significant tenant, if the related lease expires prior to the mortgage loan maturity date and the related tenant fails to renew its lease or the tenant exercises an early termination right, there would likely be an interruption of rental payments under the lease and, accordingly, insufficient funds available to the borrower to pay the debt service on the mortgage loan. This is so because: (i) the financial effect of the absence of rental income from such tenant are typically severe; (ii) more time may be required to re-lease the space; and (iii) substantial capital costs may be incurred to make the space appropriate for replacement tenants.
In the case of the following [___] mortgaged properties, collectively representing [___]% of the outstanding pool balance, as of the cut-off date, the related mortgage loans are secured by liens on mortgaged properties that are 100% leased to a single tenant.
For a list of each mortgaged property leased to a single tenant or a significant tenant, along with the related loan maturity date and lease expiration dates, see Annex A-1.
The underwriting of single-tenant mortgage loans is based primarily upon the monthly rental payments due from the tenant under the lease at the related mortgaged property. In addition, the loan underwriting for certain single-tenant mortgage loans took into account the creditworthiness of the tenants or lease guarantors under the applicable leases. Accordingly, such single-tenant mortgage loans may have higher loan-to-value ratios and lower debt service coverage ratios than other types of mortgage loans. However, there can be no assurance that the assumptions made when underwriting such loans will be correct, that the tenant will re-let the premises or that such tenant will maintain its creditworthiness. In addition, certain single tenants, or significant tenants, may have specific termination rights under their leases that may be exercised prior to the related loan maturity date under certain circumstances, such as the failure to timely complete tenant buildouts or early termination upon notice. There can be no assurance that if a tenant exercises an early termination option prior to the loan maturity date that the related borrower will have adequate cash flow available to satisfy debt service payments. Also, certain single tenants may be affiliated with the related borrower. See “—Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks” below.
A pool of mortgaged loans also may be adversely affected if there is a concentration of a particular tenant or type of tenant among the mortgaged properties or of tenants in a particular business or industry. In these cases, a problem with a particular tenant could have a disproportionately large impact on the pool of mortgage loans and adversely affect distributions to certificateholders. Similarly, an issue with respect to a particular industry could also have a disproportionately large impact on the pool of mortgage loans. For additional information regarding significant tenants, see Annex A-1 in this prospectus supplement.
Mortgaged Properties Leased to Multiple Tenants Also Have Risks.
If a mortgaged property has multiple tenants, re-leasing expenditures may be more frequent than in the case of mortgaged properties with fewer tenants, thereby reducing the cash flow available for debt service payments. Multi-tenanted mortgaged properties also may experience higher continuing vacancy rates and greater volatility in rental income and expenses.
Mortgaged Properties Leased to Borrowers or Borrower Affiliated Entities Also Have Risks.
If a mortgaged property is leased in whole or substantial part to the borrower under the mortgage loan or to an affiliate of the borrower, a deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower or its affiliates can be particularly significant to the borrower’s ability to perform under the mortgage loan as it can directly interrupt the cash flow from the mortgaged property if the borrower’s or its affiliate’s financial condition worsens. This risk may be mitigated when mortgaged properties are leased to unrelated third parties.
Certain Additional Risks Related To Tenants.
The income from, and market value of, the mortgaged properties leased to various tenants would be adversely affected if:
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space in the mortgaged properties could not be leased or re-leased;
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tenants were unable to meet their lease obligations;
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a significant tenant were to become a debtor in a bankruptcy case; or
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rental payments could not be collected for any other reason.
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Repayment of the mortgage loans secured by retail, office and industrial properties will be affected by the expiration of leases and the ability of the respective borrowers to renew the leases or relet the space on comparable terms. In this regard, the three largest tenants and their respective lease expiration dates for retail, office and industrial properties are set forth on Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement. Certain of the significant tenants have lease expiration dates that occur prior to the maturity date of the related mortgage loan. Certain of the mortgaged properties may be leased in whole or in part by government-sponsored tenants who may have the right to cancel their leases at any time or for lack of appropriations. Additionally, mortgage loans may have concentrations of leases expiring at varying rates in varying percentages prior to the related maturity date and in some situations, all
of the leases at a mortgaged property may expire prior to the related maturity date. [In the case of [__] mortgage loans, representing [__]% of the initial outstanding pool balance, a lease representing 50% or more of the net rentable area of the related mortgaged property expires during or prior to the calendar year in which the maturity date occurs. In addition, with respect to several of the other mortgage loans, leases representing, in the aggregate, 50% or more of the net rentable area of the related mortgaged property expire during or prior to the calendar year in which the maturity date occurs.]
Even if vacated space is successfully relet, the costs associated with reletting, including tenant improvements and leasing commissions, could be substantial and could reduce cash flow from the mortgaged properties. Moreover, if a tenant defaults on its obligations to a borrower, the borrower may incur substantial costs and experience significant delays associated with enforcing its rights and protecting its investment, including costs incurred in renovating and reletting the mortgaged property.
Additionally, in certain jurisdictions, if tenant leases are subordinated to the liens created by the mortgage but do not contain attornment provisions (provisions requiring the tenant to recognize a successor owner following foreclosure as landlord under the lease), the leases may terminate at the tenant’s option upon the transfer of the property to a foreclosing lender or purchaser at foreclosure. Accordingly, if a mortgaged property is located in such a jurisdiction and is leased to one or more desirable tenants under leases that are subordinate to the mortgage and do not contain attornment provisions, that mortgaged property could experience a further decline in value if the tenants’ leases were terminated.
Certain of the mortgaged properties may be leased to tenants under leases that provide that tenant with a right of first refusal to purchase the related mortgaged property upon a sale of the mortgaged property. Such provisions, if not waived, may impede the lender’s ability to sell the related mortgaged property at foreclosure or adversely affect the foreclosure bid price.
Certain of the mortgaged properties may have tenants that are related to or affiliated with a borrower. In such cases, a default by the borrower may coincide with a default by the affiliated tenants. Additionally, even if the property becomes an REO property, it is possible that an affiliate of the borrower may remain as a tenant.
Tenant Bankruptcy Entails Risks.
Any tenant may, from time to time, experience a downturn in its business, which may weaken its financial condition and result in a reduction or failure to make rental payments when due. If tenants’ sales were to decline, percentage rents may decline and, further, tenants may be unable to pay their base rent or other occupancy costs. If a tenant defaults in its obligations to a property owner, that property owner may experience delays in enforcing its rights as lessor and may incur substantial costs and experience significant delays associated with protecting its investment, including costs incurred in renovating and reletting the property.
The bankruptcy or insolvency of a major tenant, or a number of smaller tenants, in retail, office and industrial properties may adversely affect the income produced by a mortgaged property. Under Title 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, a tenant has the option of assuming or rejecting or, subject to certain conditions, assuming and assigning to a third party, any unexpired lease. If the tenant assumes its lease, the tenant must cure all defaults under the lease and provide the landlord with adequate assurance of its future performance under the lease. If the tenant rejects the lease, the landlord’s claim for breach of the lease would be treated as a general unsecured claim against the tenant (absent collateral securing the claim). The landlord’s claim would be limited to the unpaid rent reserved under the lease for the periods prior to the bankruptcy petition (or earlier repossession or surrender of the leased premises) that are unrelated to the rejection, plus the greater of one year’s rent or 15% of the remaining reserved rent (but not more than three years’ rent). If the tenant assigns its lease, the tenant must cure all defaults under the lease and the proposed assignee must demonstrate adequate assurance of future performance under the lease. Certain of the tenants may be, and may at any time during the term of the related mortgage loan become, a debtor in a bankruptcy proceeding.
If the leased premises are located in a “shopping center” as such term has been interpreted under Section 365 of the United States Bankruptcy Code, the assignee may be required to agree to certain conditions that are protective of the property owner, such as compliance with specific lease terms relating to, among other things, exclusivity and the
terms of reciprocal easement agreements. However, we cannot assure you that any mortgaged property would be considered a shopping center by a court considering the question.
We cannot assure you that tenants of mortgaged properties will continue making payments under their leases or that tenants will not file for (or involuntarily be subjected to) bankruptcy protection in the future or, if any tenants so become debtors under the United States Bankruptcy Code, that they will continue to make rental payments in a timely manner or that they will not reject their leases.
Risks Related to Loan Concentration
Several of the mortgage loans have cut-off date balances that are substantially higher than the average cut-off date balance. In general, concentrations in mortgage loans with larger-than-average balances can result in losses that are more severe, relative to the size of the pool, than would be the case if the aggregate balance of the pool were more evenly distributed. The ten largest mortgage loans or groups of cross collateralized Mortgage Loans represent approximately [___]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date. Losses on any of these loans may have a particularly adverse effect on the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement.
The ten largest loans are described in Annex B to this prospectus supplement.
Each of the other mortgage loans represents no more than [___]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date.
Risks Related to Borrower Concentration
Several groups of mortgage loans are made to the same borrower or have related borrowers that are affiliated with one another through partial or complete direct or indirect common ownership, with the three largest of these groups representing [___]%, [___]% and [___]%, respectively, of the outstanding pool balance, the three largest of the related loan groups representing approximately [___]%, [___]% and [___]%, respectively, of outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date. A concentration of mortgage loans with the same borrower or related borrowers also can pose increased risks. For instance, if a borrower that owns several mortgaged properties experiences financial difficulty at one mortgaged property, or another income-producing property that it owns, it could attempt to avert foreclosure by filing a bankruptcy petition that might have the effect of interrupting monthly payments for an indefinite period on all of the related mortgage loans. See Annex A-1 for mortgage loans with related borrowers.
Risks Relating to Property Type Concentration
A concentration of mortgage loans secured by the same mortgaged property types can increase the risk that a decline in a particular industry or business would have a disproportionately large impact on the pool of mortgage loans.
The following are certain property type concentrations of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date (based on the allocated loan amount):
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[____] multifamily and manufactured housing community properties representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date;
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[____] office properties representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date;
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[____] retail properties representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date;
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[____] hotel properties representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date;
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[____] mixed use properties representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date;
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[____] self storage properties representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date; and
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[____] industrial properties representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date.
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Geographic Concentration Entails Risks
As of the cut-off date, the mortgaged properties are located in [____] states. [____] mortgaged properties, securing mortgage loans representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance, are located in [____].[____] mortgaged properties, securing mortgage loans representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance, are located in [____].[____] mortgaged properties, securing mortgage loans representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are located in [____].[____] mortgaged properties, securing mortgage loans representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are located in [____]. See the table entitled “Mortgaged Properties by State and/or Location” under “Description of the Mortgage Pool” in this prospectus supplement. Also for certain legal aspects of mortgage loans secured by mortgaged properties located in [____], see “Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans in [State]” in this prospectus supplement. Except as set forth in this paragraph, no state contains more than [____]% of the mortgaged properties (based on the principal balance as of the cut-off date of the related mortgage loans or, in the case of mortgage loans secured by multiple mortgaged properties, on the portion of principal amount of the related mortgage loan allocated to such mortgaged property).
Repayments by borrowers and the market value of the related mortgaged properties could be affected by economic conditions generally or specific to geographic areas or regions of the United States, and concentrations of mortgaged properties in particular geographic areas may increase the risk that adverse economic or other developments or natural disasters affecting a particular region of the country could increase the frequency and severity of losses on mortgage loans secured by those properties. In recent periods, several regions of the United States have experienced significant real estate downturns. Regional economic declines or conditions in regional real estate markets could adversely affect the income from, and market value of, the mortgaged properties. In addition, particular local or regional economies may be adversely affected to a greater degree than other areas of the country by developments affecting industries concentrated in such area. A decline in the general economic condition in the region in which mortgaged properties securing the related mortgage loans are located would result in a decrease in consumer demand in the region, and the income from and market value of the mortgaged properties may be adversely affected.
Other regional factors—e.g., earthquakes, floods, forest fires or hurricanes or changes in governmental rules or fiscal policies—also may adversely affect the mortgaged properties. For example, properties located in California, Texas or Florida may be more susceptible to certain hazards (such as earthquakes, floods or hurricanes) than properties in other parts of the country and mortgaged properties located in coastal states, including, but not limited to, Florida, Louisiana, Alabama and Mississippi, also may be more generally susceptible to hurricanes than properties in other parts of the country. Recent hurricanes in the Gulf Coast region and in Florida have resulted in severe property damage as a result of the winds and the associated flooding. The mortgage loans do not all require flood insurance on the related mortgaged properties unless they are in a flood zone and flood insurance is available. We cannot assure you that any hurricane damage would be covered by insurance. Likewise, events such as the oil platform explosion and subsequent oil spill that occurred in the Gulf of Mexico in April 2010 could lead to a regional economic downturn for the gulf coast region of the United States, which could have an adverse impact on mortgaged properties located in, among other places, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama or Florida, states in which mortgaged properties, representing [__]% of the initial outstanding pool balance, are located. Regional areas affected by such events often experience disruptions in travel, transportation and tourism, loss of jobs and an overall decrease in consumer activity, and often a decline in real estate-related investments. There can be no assurance that the economies in such impacted areas will recover sufficiently to support income producing real estate at pre-event levels or that the costs of the related clean-up will not have a material adverse effect on the local or national economy.
[If 10% or more of the mortgage loans are located in any one state or other geographic region, describe any material economic or other factors applicable to that region.]
Multifamily Properties Have Special Risks
[____] of the mortgaged properties (including [____] manufactured housing community properties), which represent security for [____]% of the outstanding pool balance, are multifamily properties.
A large number of factors may adversely affect the value and successful operation of a multifamily property, including:
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the physical attributes of the apartment building (e.g., its age, appearance and construction quality);
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the location of the property (e.g., a change in the neighborhood over time);
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the ability of management to provide adequate maintenance and insurance;
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the types of services the property provides;
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the property’s reputation;
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the level of mortgage interest rates (which may encourage tenants to purchase rather than rent housing);
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rent concessions and month-to-month leases, which may impact cash flow at the property;
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in the case of student housing facilities, which may be more susceptible to damage or wear and tear than other types of multifamily housing, the reliance on the financial well-being of the college or university to which it relates, competition from on-campus housing units, which may adversely affect occupancy, the physical layout of the housing, which may not be readily convertible to traditional multifamily use, and that student tenants have a higher turnover rate than other types of multifamily tenants, which in certain cases is compounded by the fact that student leases are available for periods of less than 12 months;
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restrictions on the age of tenants who may reside at the property;
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the presence of competing properties in the local market;
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the tenant mix, particularly if the tenants are predominantly students, personnel from or workers related to a military base or workers from a particular business or industry;
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adverse local or national economic conditions, which may limit the amount of rent that can be charged and may result in a reduction in timely rent payments or a reduction in occupancy;
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state and local regulations;
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government assistance/rent subsidy programs; and
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national, state, or local politics.
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State Regulations and Government Subsidies May Affect a Borrower’s Ability to Repay a Multifamily Mortgage Loan.
Certain states regulate the relationship of an owner and its tenants. Commonly, these laws require a written lease, good cause for eviction, disclosure of fees, and notification to residents of changed land use, while prohibiting unreasonable rules, retaliatory evictions, and restrictions on a resident’s choice of unit vendors. Apartment building owners have been the subject of suits under state “Unfair and Deceptive Practices Acts” and other general consumer protection statutes for coercive, abusive or unconscionable leasing and sales practices. A few states offer more significant protection. For example, there are provisions that limit the basis on which a landlord may terminate a tenancy or increase its rent or prohibit a landlord from terminating a tenancy solely by reason of the sale of the owner’s building.
In addition to state regulation of the landlord-tenant relationship, numerous counties and municipalities, including those in which certain of the mortgaged properties are located, impose rent control on apartment buildings. These ordinances may limit rent increases to fixed percentages, to percentages of increases in the consumer price index, to increases set or approved by a governmental agency, or to increases determined through mediation or binding arbitration. In many cases, the rent control laws do not permit vacancy decontrol. Local authorities may not
be able to impose rent control because it is pre-empted by state law in certain states, and rent control is not imposed at the state level in those states. In some states, however, local rent control ordinances are not pre-empted for tenants having short-term or month-to-month leases, and properties there may be subject to various forms of rent control with respect to those tenants. Any limitations on a borrower’s ability to raise property rents may impair such borrower’s ability to repay its multifamily loan from its net operating income or the proceeds of a sale or refinancing of the related multifamily property.
Certain of the mortgage loans may be secured by mortgaged properties that are currently eligible (or may become eligible in the future) for and have received low income housing tax credits pursuant to Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code in respect of various units within the mortgaged property or have tenants that rely on rent subsidies under various government-funded programs, including the Section 8 Tenant-Based Assistance Rental Certificate Program of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. [See “—Risks Relating to Section 8 Multifamily Properties” below.] There is no assurance that such programs will be continued in their present form or that the level of assistance provided will be sufficient to generate enough revenues for the related borrower to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan.
Manufactured Housing Community Properties Have Special Risks.
[____] of the mortgaged properties, which represent security for [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are manufactured housing community properties. Loans secured by liens on manufactured housing community properties pose risks not associated with loans secured by liens on other types of income-producing real estate.
The successful operation of a manufactured housing property may depend upon the number of other competing residential developments in the local market, such as:
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other manufactured housing community properties;
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apartment buildings; and
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site-built single family homes.
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Other factors may also include:
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the physical attributes of the community, including its age and appearance;
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the location of the manufactured housing property;
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the ability of management to provide adequate maintenance and insurance;
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the type of services or amenities it provides;
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the property’s reputation; and
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state and local regulations, including rent control and rent stabilization.
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The manufactured housing community properties are “special purpose” properties that could not be readily converted to general residential, retail or office use. Thus, if the operation of any of the manufactured housing community properties becomes unprofitable due to competition, age of the improvements or other factors such that the borrower becomes unable to meet its obligations on the related mortgage loan, the liquidation value of that manufactured housing property may be substantially less, relative to the amount owing on the related mortgage loan, than would be the case if the manufactured housing community property were readily adaptable to other uses.
Certain of the manufactured housing community mortgaged properties may be recreational vehicle parks. These properties may depend on revenue from tourism, and may be visited, and generate cash flow, only during certain seasons of the year. Therefore, these properties may be subject to seasonality risk that other manufactured housing community mortgaged properties may not be subject to, or may be subject to fluctuations in tourism rates.
[Risks Relating to Section 8 Multifamily Properties.
__ of the mortgage loans (those identified as loan numbers ___ on Annex A hereto), representing approximately ____% of the aggregate principal balance of the mortgage pool as of the cut-off date, are secured by mortgaged properties in which the rents charged to some of the tenants are subsidized by housing assistance payments under the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development’s (“HUD”) Section 8 Tenant-Based Assistance Rental Voucher Program or Section 8 Tenant-Based Assistance Rental Certificate Program (now combined into one voucher program). Those payments are made pursuant to housing assistance payments contracts between the borrower and a local housing authority which receives Section 8 funds from HUD. The term of each housing assistance payments contract is limited to the term of the related tenant lease, generally one year, renewable at the option of the tenant. Tenants may choose to move out of the mortgaged properties and utilize their vouchers elsewhere, and we cannot assure you that those units will be re-rented. The housing assistance payments contracts impose certain management and maintenance obligations on the borrowers, and housing assistance payments can be suspended, reduced, or terminated if HUD or the local housing authority determines that the borrowers have breached the housing assistance payments contracts. HUD may in the future elect, or be required by Congress, to take actions with the effect of limiting increases in rents subsidized under Section 8, or reducing rent levels currently in effect. The ability of the respective borrowers to pay the housing assistance payments loans, and the value of their mortgaged properties and consequent ability to refinance the mortgage loans which are subject to housing assistance payments contracts, could be adversely affected by some or all of the above mentioned risks. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Loans Subject to Government Assistance Programs]” in this prospectus supplement.]
Office Properties Have Special Risks
[____] of the mortgaged properties, which represent security for [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are office properties.
Various factors may adversely affect the value of office properties, including:
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the quality of an office building’s tenants;
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the quality of property management;
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provisions in tenant leases that may include early termination provisions;
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an economic decline in the business operated by the tenants;
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the diversity of an office building’s tenants (or reliance on a single or dominant tenant);
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the physical attributes of the building in relation to competing buildings (e.g., age, condition, design, location, access to transportation and ability to offer certain amenities, including, without limitation, current business wiring requirements);
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the desirability of the area as a business location;
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the strength and nature of the local economy (including labor costs and quality, tax environment and quality of life for employees); and
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an adverse change in population, patterns of telecommuting or sharing of office space, and employment growth (which creates demand for office space).
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Moreover, the cost of refitting office space for a new tenant is often higher than the cost of refitting other types of property.
If one or more major tenants at a particular office property were to close or remain vacant, we cannot assure you that such tenants would be replaced in a timely manner or without incurring material additional costs to the related borrower and resulting in adverse economic effects.
Retail Properties Have Special Risks
[____] of the mortgaged properties, which represent security for [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are retail properties. Of these, [____] mortgaged properties, representing security for [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are considered by the applicable mortgage loan seller to be anchored or shadow anchored properties. [____] mortgaged properties, representing security for [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are considered by the applicable mortgage loan seller to be unanchored mortgaged properties. [____] mortgaged properties, representing security for [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are single tenant properties.
The value of the retail properties is significantly affected by the quality of the tenants as well as fundamental aspects of real estate, such as location and market demographics. The correlation between success of tenant business and a retail property’s value may be more direct with respect to retail properties than other types of commercial property because a component of the total rent paid by certain retail tenants is often tied to a percentage of gross sales.
The Presence or Absence of an “Anchor Tenant” May Adversely Affect the Economic Performance of a Retail Property.
Whether a retail property is “anchored,” “shadow anchored” or “unanchored” is also an important consideration. The presence or absence of an “anchor tenant” or a “shadow anchor tenant” in or near a shopping center also can be important, because anchors play a key role in generating customer traffic and making a center desirable for other tenants. An “anchor tenant” is usually proportionately larger in size than most other tenants in the mortgaged property, is vital in attracting customers to a retail property and is located on the related mortgaged property. A “shadow anchor tenant” is usually proportionally larger in size than most tenants in the mortgaged property, is important in attracting customers to a retail property and is located sufficiently close and convenient to the mortgaged property, but not on the mortgaged property, so as to influence and attract potential customers. The economic performance of an anchored or shadow anchored retail property will consequently be adversely affected by:
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an anchor tenant’s or shadow anchor tenant’s failure to renew its lease;
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termination of an anchor tenant’s or shadow anchor tenant’s lease, or if the anchor tenant or shadow anchor owns its own site, a decision to vacate;
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the bankruptcy or economic decline of an anchor tenant, shadow anchor tenant or self-owned anchor; or
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the cessation of the business of an anchor tenant, a shadow anchor tenant or of a self-owned anchor (notwithstanding its continued payment of rent).
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[_____] of the mortgaged properties, securing mortgage loans representing approximately [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, are retail properties that are considered by the applicable sponsor to have an “anchor tenant.” [_____] of the mortgaged properties, securing mortgage loans representing approximately [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, are retail properties that are considered by the applicable sponsor to be “shadow anchored.” [_____] of the mortgaged properties, securing mortgage loans representing approximately [__]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, are retail properties that are considered by the applicable sponsor to be “unanchored.”
In certain instances with respect to the mortgaged properties, anchor tenant leases may expire during the term of the related mortgage loan. We cannot assure you that if anchor tenants or shadow anchor tenants at a particular mortgaged property were to close or remain vacant, such anchor tenants or shadow anchor tenants, as applicable, would be replaced in a timely manner or, if part of the collateral for the related mortgage loan, without incurring material additional costs to the related borrower and resulting in adverse economic effects.
In addition, various anchor parcels and/or anchor improvements at a mortgaged property may be owned by the anchor tenant (or an affiliate of the anchor tenant) or by a third party and therefore not be part of the related mortgaged property and the related borrower may not receive rental income from such anchor tenant.
Retail properties that have anchor tenant-owned stores often have reciprocal easement and operating agreements (each, an “REA”) between the retail property owner and such anchor tenants containing certain operating and maintenance covenants. Although an anchor tenant that owns its own parcel does not pay rent, it generally is required to pay a contribution toward common area maintenance and real estate taxes on the improvements and related real property. Anchor tenants that lease their stores often have operating covenants as well. Such operating covenants may be provided for in the anchor tenant lease or in the REA, if any, affecting the mortgaged property. Anchor tenants that have no operating covenants or whose covenants have expired previously or will expire during the terms of the related mortgage loan (as is the case with several retail tenants at mortgaged properties securing mortgage loans in the mortgage pool) are or will not be contractually obligated to operate their stores at the applicable mortgaged property. Certain mortgaged properties that secure mortgage loans in the pool have tenants permitted to cease operations at the related mortgaged property prior to lease termination, provided such tenant continues to pay rent.
A number of the anchor tenant leases and REAs at the mortgaged properties [may] have co-tenancy clauses which permit such stores to abate the rent payable, cease operating and/or terminate their leases if certain other anchor tenants and/or if a specified percentage of the stores at the related mortgaged property are not occupied and operating and also have certain other termination rights related to sales targets. Certain of the operating covenants with respect to the mortgaged properties have expired or will expire prior to the maturity date of the related mortgage loan. We cannot assure you that operating covenants will be obtained in the future for these or any of the anchor tenants.
Certain anchor tenant and tenant estoppels obtained in connection with the origination of the mortgage loans identify disputes between the related borrower and the applicable anchor tenant or tenants, or alleged defaults or potential defaults by the applicable property owner under the lease or REA. Such disputes, defaults or potential defaults, could lead to a set off of rent, to a termination or attempted termination of the applicable lease or REA by the anchor tenant or tenants or to litigation against the related borrower. There can be no assurance that the identified anchor tenant disputes will not have a material adverse effect on the ability of the related borrowers to repay their portion of the mortgage loan. In addition, there can be no assurance that the anchor tenant or tenant estoppels obtained identify all potential disputes that may arise with anchor tenants or tenants.
Current Levels of Property Income May Not be Maintained Due to Varying Tenant Occupancy.
Rental payments from tenants of retail properties typically comprise the largest portion of the net operating income of those mortgaged properties. Certain tenants at the mortgaged properties may be paying rent but are not yet in occupancy or have signed leases but have not yet started paying rent and/or not yet in occupancy. Risks applicable to anchor tenants (such as bankruptcy, failure to renew leases, early terminations of leases and vacancies) also apply to other tenants. We cannot assure you that the rate of occupancy at the stores will remain at the current levels or that the net operating income contributed by the mortgaged properties will remain at its current or past levels.
Competition May Adversely Affect the Performance of the Mortgaged Property.
Borrowers and property managers of mortgaged properties may currently own, and in the future property managers of mortgaged properties and affiliates of borrowers may develop or acquire, additional properties and lease space in other properties in the same market areas where the mortgaged properties are located. Property managers at the related mortgaged properties also may manage competing properties. None of the property managers or any other party has any duty to favor the leasing of space in the mortgaged properties over the leasing of space in other properties, one or more of which may be adjacent to, or near the mortgaged properties.
Retail properties also face competition from sources outside a given real estate market. For example, all of the following compete with more traditional retail properties for consumer business:
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factory outlet centers;
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discount shopping centers and clubs;
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home shopping networks;
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internet web sites; and
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Continued growth of these alternative retail outlets (which often have lower operating costs) could adversely affect the rents collectible at the retail properties included in the mortgage pool, as well as the income from, and market value of, the mortgaged properties. Moreover, additional competing retail properties have been and may in the future be built in the areas where the retail properties are located. Such competition could adversely affect the performance of the related mortgage loan and adversely affect distributions to certificateholders.
In addition, although renovations and expansion at a mortgaged property will generally enhance the value of the mortgaged property over time, in the short term, construction and renovation work at a mortgaged property may negatively impact net operating income as customers may be deterred from shopping at or near a construction site.
[Certain Risks of Restaurant Tenants.
In addition, certain of the mortgaged properties have significant restaurant tenants. Other mortgaged properties may also include restaurants as tenants. Restaurants are subject to certain unique risks including that restaurant space is not easily convertible to other types of retail space and that restaurant receipts are not only affected by objective factors but by subjective factors. For instance, restaurant receipts are affected by such varied influences as the current personal income levels in the community, an individual consumer’s preference for type of food, style of dining and restaurant atmosphere, the perceived popularity of a restaurant, food safety concerns related to personal health or the handling of food items at the restaurant or by food suppliers and the actions/behaviors of staff and management and their treatment of the customers.]
Hotel Properties Have Special Risks
There are [____] hotel properties, securing approximately [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date. [____] of such hotel properties are considered full service, securing approximately [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, [____] of such hotel properties, securing approximately [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are considered limited service; and [____] of such hotel properties, securing approximately [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are considered extended stay.
Various factors may adversely affect the economic performance of a hotel, including:
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adverse economic and social conditions, either local, regional or national (which may limit the amount that can be charged per room and reduce occupancy levels);
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the construction of competing hotels or resorts;
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continuing expenditures for modernizing, refurbishing and maintaining existing facilities prior to the expiration of their anticipated useful lives;
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conversion to alternative uses which may not be readily made;
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a deterioration in the financial strength or managerial capabilities of the owner and operator of a hotel;
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changes in travel patterns caused by general adverse economic conditions, fear of terrorist attacks, adverse weather conditions and changes in access, energy prices, strikes, relocation of highways, the construction of additional highways or other factors;
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management ability of property managers and/or whether management contracts or franchise agreements are renewed or extended upon expiration;
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desirability of particular locations;
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location, quality and hotel management company’s affiliation, each of which affects the economic performance of a hotel; and
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relative illiquidity of hotel investments which limits the ability of the borrowers and property managers to respond to changes in economic or other conditions.
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Because hotel rooms generally are rented for short periods of time, the financial performance of hotels tends to be affected by adverse economic conditions and competition more quickly than other commercial properties.
The Seasonality of Business May Create Shortfalls in Hotel Revenue.
Moreover, the hotel and lodging industry is generally seasonal in nature and different seasons affect different hotels depending on type and location. This seasonality can be expected to cause periodic fluctuations in a hotel property’s room and restaurant revenues, occupancy levels, room rates and operating expenses. There can be no assurance that cash flow will be sufficient to offset any shortfalls that occur at the mortgaged property during slower periods or that the related mortgage loans provide for seasonality reserves, or if seasonality reserves are provided for, that such reserves will be funded or will be sufficient or available to fund such shortfalls.
The Inability to Maintain a Liquor License May Adversely Impact Hotel Revenue.
The liquor licenses for most of the applicable mortgaged properties are commonly held by affiliates of the mortgagors, unaffiliated managers and operating lessees. The laws and regulations relating to liquor licenses generally prohibit the transfer of such licenses to any person. In the event of a foreclosure of a hotel property that holds a liquor license, a purchaser in a foreclosure sale would likely have to apply for a new license, which might not be granted or might be granted only after a delay which could be significant. There can be no assurance that a new license could be obtained promptly or at all. The lack of a liquor license in a full-service hotel could have an adverse impact on the revenue from the related mortgaged property or on the hotel’s occupancy rate.
The Performance of a Hotel Depends in Part on the Performance of its Management Company.
The hotel properties are affiliated with a hotel management company through management agreements or with a hotel chain through a franchise agreement. The performance of a hotel property affiliated with a franchise or hotel management company depends in part on:
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the continued existence, reputation, and financial strength of the franchisor or hotel management company;
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the public perception of the franchise or management company or hotel chain service mark; and
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the duration of the franchise licensing agreement or management agreement.
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Any provision in a franchise agreement providing for termination because of the bankruptcy of a franchisor generally will not be enforceable. Replacement franchises may require significantly higher fees.
Transferability of franchise license agreements is generally restricted. In the event of a foreclosure, the lender or its agent would not have the right to use the franchise license without the franchisor’s consent.
No assurance can be given that the trust fund could renew a management agreement or obtain a new management agreement following termination of the agreement in place at the time of foreclosure.
Self Storage Properties Have Special Risks
There are [____] self storage properties, securing approximately [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date.
The self storage facilities market contains low barriers to entry. In addition, due to the short-term nature of self storage leases, self storage properties also may be subject to more volatility in terms of supply and demand than loans secured by other types of properties.
Because of the construction utilized in connection with certain self storage facilities, it might be difficult or costly to convert such a facility to an alternative use. Thus, liquidation value of self storage properties may be substantially less than would be the case if the same were readily adaptable to other uses. In addition, it is difficult to assess the environmental risks posed by these facilities due to tenant privacy, anonymity and unsupervised access to these facilities. Therefore, these facilities may pose additional environmental risks to investors. The environmental site assessments discussed in this prospectus supplement did not include an inspection of the contents of the self storage units included in the self storage properties. We therefore cannot provide assurance that all of the units included in the self storage properties are free from hazardous substances or other pollutants or contaminants, or that they will remain so in the future.
Industrial Properties Have Special Risks
There are [____] industrial properties, securing approximately [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date. Significant factors determining the value of industrial properties are:
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the quality of tenants;
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reduced demand for industrial space because of a decline in a particular industry segment;
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the property becoming functionally obsolete;
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building design and adaptability;
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unavailability of labor sources;
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changes in access, energy prices, strikes, relocation of highways, the construction of additional highways or other factors;
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changes in proximity of supply sources;
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the expenses of converting a previously adapted space to general use; and
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the location of the property.
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Concerns about the quality of tenants, particularly major tenants, are similar in both office properties and industrial properties, although industrial properties often are dependent on a single or a few tenants.
Industrial properties may be adversely affected by reduced demand for industrial space occasioned by a decline in a particular industry segment (for example, a decline in defense spending), and a particular industrial property that suited the needs of its original tenant may be difficult to re-let to another tenant or may become functionally obsolete relative to newer properties. Furthermore, lease terms with respect to industrial properties are generally for shorter periods of time and may result in a substantial percentage of leases expiring in the same year at any particular industrial property. In addition, industrial properties are often more prone to environmental concerns due to the nature of items being stored or type of work conducted at the property.
Aspects of building site design and adaptability affect the value of an industrial property. Site characteristics which are generally desirable to an industrial property include high, clear ceiling heights, wide column spacing, a large number of bays (loading docks) and large bay depths, divisibility, minimum large truck turning radii and
overall functionality and accessibility. Location is also important because an industrial property requires the availability of labor sources, proximity to supply sources and customers and accessibility to rail lines, major roadways and other distribution channels. Because of the construction utilized in connection with certain industrial facilities, it might be difficult or costly to convert such a facility to an alternative use.
Properties With Condominium Ownership Have Special Risks
Some of the mortgage loans are secured, in whole or in part, by the related borrower’s fee simple ownership interest in one or more condominium units. The management and operation of a condominium is generally controlled by a condominium board representing the owners of the individual condominium units, subject to the terms of the related condominium rules or by-laws. Generally, the consent of a majority of the board members is required for any actions of the condominium board and a unit owner’s ability to control decisions of the board are generally related to the number of units owned by such owner as a percentage of the total number of units in the condominium. The condominium board is generally responsible for administration of the affairs of the condominium, including providing for maintenance and repair of common areas, adopting rules and regulations regarding common areas, and obtaining insurance and repairing and restoring the common areas of the property after a casualty. Notwithstanding the insurance and casualty provisions of the related mortgage loan documents, the condominium board may have the right to control the use of casualty proceeds. In addition, the condominium board generally has the right to assess individual unit owners for their share of expenses related to the operation and maintenance of the common elements. In the event that an owner of another unit fails to pay its allocated assessments, the related borrower may be required to pay such assessments in order to properly maintain and operate the common elements of the property. Although the condominium board generally may obtain a lien against any unit owner for common expenses that are not paid, such lien generally is extinguished if a lender takes possession pursuant to a foreclosure. Each unit owner is responsible for maintenance of its respective unit and retains essential operational control over its unit.
Due to the nature of condominiums and a borrower’s ownership interest therein, a default on a mortgage loan secured by the borrower’s interest in one or more condominium units may not allow the related lender the same flexibility in realizing upon the underlying real property as is generally available with respect to non-condominium properties. The rights of any other unit owners, the governing documents of the owners’ association and state and local laws applicable to condominiums must be considered and respected. Consequently, servicing and realizing upon such collateral could subject the trust to greater expense and risk than servicing and realizing upon collateral for other loans that are not condominiums.
Risks Related to Construction, Redevelopment, Renovation and Repairs at Mortgaged Properties
Certain of the mortgaged properties are currently undergoing, or are expected to undergo in the future, construction, redevelopment, renovation or repairs.
We cannot assure you that any current or planned construction, redevelopment, renovation or repairs will be completed, that such construction, redevelopment, renovation or repairs will be completed in the time frame contemplated, or that, when and if redevelopment or renovation is completed, such redevelopment or renovation will improve the operations at, or increase the value of, the subject property. Failure of any of the foregoing to occur could have a material negative impact on the related mortgage loan and/or the value of the related mortgaged property, which could affect the ability of the borrower to repay the related mortgage loan.
In the event that the related borrower or tenant fails to pay the costs for work completed or material delivered in connection with such ongoing construction, redevelopment, renovation or repairs, the portion of the mortgaged property on which there are renovations may be subject to mechanic’s or materialmen’s liens that may be senior to the lien of the related mortgage loan. The existence of construction or renovation at a mortgaged property may make such mortgaged property less attractive to tenants or their customers or other users, and accordingly could have a negative impact on net operating income.
Furthermore, in the event of a foreclosure on any mortgaged property following a default on a related mortgage loan, the special servicer will generally retain an independent contractor to operate the mortgaged property. Among other things, the independent contractor generally will not be able to perform construction work, other than repair, maintenance or certain types of tenant build-outs, unless the construction was at least 10% completed when default
on the mortgage loan becomes imminent. The inability to complete such construction work may result in less liquidation proceeds to the issuing entity than if such construction were able to be completed.
[Options and Other Purchase Rights May Affect Value or Hinder Recovery with Respect to the Mortgaged Properties
The borrowers under certain mortgage loans have given to one or more tenants or another person (or the related mortgaged property may be subject to) a right of first refusal in the event a sale is contemplated, a right of first refusal to purchase a leasehold interest in the premises in the event that the sale of the borrower’s leasehold interest is contemplated, an option to purchase all or a portion of the related mortgaged property and/or various similar rights.
These rights, which may not be subordinated to the related mortgage, may impede the lender’s ability to sell the related mortgaged property at foreclosure or after acquiring the mortgaged property pursuant to foreclosure, or adversely affect the value and/or marketability of the related mortgaged property. Additionally, the exercise of a purchase option may result in the related mortgage loan being prepaid during a period when voluntary prepayments are otherwise prohibited.]
The Sellers Of The Mortgage Loans Are Subject To Bankruptcy Or Insolvency Laws That May Affect The Trust’s Ownership Of The Mortgage Loans
In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of any mortgage loan seller, it is possible the trust’s right to payment from or ownership of the mortgage loans could be challenged, and if such challenge were successful, delays or reductions in payments on your certificates could occur.
Based upon opinions of counsel that the conveyance of the mortgage loans would generally be respected in the event of bankruptcy or insolvency of the mortgage loan sellers, which opinions are subject to various assumptions and qualifications, the depositor believes that such a challenge will be unsuccessful, but there can be no assurance that a bankruptcy trustee, if applicable, or other interested party will not attempt to assert such a position. Even if actions seeking such results were not successful, it is possible that payments on the certificates would be delayed while a court resolves the claim.
Environmental Laws May Adversely Affect Payments on Your Certificates
Certain Environmental Laws May Negatively Impact a Borrower’s Ability to Repay a Mortgage Loan.
Various environmental laws may make a current or previous owner or operator of real property liable for the costs of removal, remediation or containment of hazardous or toxic substances on, under, in, or emanating from that property. Those laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of the hazardous or toxic substances. For example, certain laws impose liability for release of asbestos containing materials into the air or require the removal or containment of the asbestos containing materials; polychlorinated biphenyls in hydraulic or electrical equipment are regulated as hazardous or toxic substances; and the United States Environmental Protection Agency has identified health risks associated with elevated radon gas levels in buildings. In some states, contamination of a property may give rise to a lien on the property for payment of the costs of addressing the condition. This lien may have priority over the lien of a pre-existing mortgage. Additionally, third parties may seek recovery from owners or operators of real properties for personal injury or property damages associated with exposure to hazardous or toxic substances related to the properties.
Federal law requires owners of certain residential housing constructed prior to 1978 to disclose to potential residents or purchasers any condition on the property that causes exposure to lead-based paint. Contracts for the purchase and sale of an interest in residential housing constructed prior to 1978 must contain a “Lead Warning Statement” that informs the purchaser of the potential hazards to pregnant women and young children associated with exposure to lead-based paint. The ingestion of lead-based paint chips and/or the inhalation of dust particles from lead-based paint by children can cause permanent injury, even at low levels of exposure. Property owners may be held liable for injuries to their tenants resulting from exposure to lead-based paint under common law and various state and local laws and regulations that impose affirmative obligations on property owners of residential housing containing lead-based paint.
The owner’s liability for any required remediation generally is not limited by law and could accordingly exceed the value of the property and/or the aggregate assets of the owner. The presence of hazardous or toxic substances also may adversely affect the owner’s ability to refinance the property or to sell the property to a third party. The presence of, or strong potential for contamination by, hazardous substances consequently can have a materially adverse effect on the value of the mortgaged property and a borrower’s ability to repay its mortgage loan.
In addition, under certain circumstances, a lender (such as the trust) could be liable for the costs of responding to an environmental hazard. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Environmental Considerations” in the prospectus.
A Borrower May be Required to Take Remedial Steps With Respect to Environmental Hazards at a Property.
In certain cases where the environmental consultant recommended that action be taken in respect of a materially adverse or potentially material adverse environmental condition at the related mortgaged property:
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an environmental consultant investigated those conditions and recommended no further investigations or remedial action;
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a responsible third party was identified as being responsible for the remedial action; or
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the related originator of the subject mortgage loan generally required the related borrower to:
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(a) take investigative and/or remedial action;
(b) carry out an operation and maintenance plan or other specific remedial action measures post-closing and/or to establish an escrow reserve in an amount sufficient for effecting that plan and/or the remedial action;
(c) monitor the environmental condition and/or to carry out additional testing, in the manner and within the time frame specified by the environmental consultant;
(d) obtain or seek a letter from the applicable regulatory authority stating that no further action was required;
(e) obtain environmental insurance or provide an indemnity or guaranty from an individual or an entity (which may include the sponsor); or
(f) the circumstance or condition has been remediated in all material respects.
See “Risk Factors—Commercial and Multifamily Loans Are Subject to Certain Risks Which Could Adversely Affect the Performance of Your Offered Certificates—Environmental Issues at the Mortgaged Properties May Adversely Affect Payments on for Certificates” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Environmental Considerations” in the prospectus.
Potential Trust Liability Related to a Materially Adverse Environmental Condition
The mortgage loan sellers have represented to the Depositor that all but [____] of the mortgaged properties within the [____] months preceding the cut-off date have had (i) an environmental site assessment or (ii) an update of a previously conducted assessment based upon information in an established database or study. Subject to certain conditions and exclusions, the environmental insurance policies generally insure the trust against losses resulting from certain known and unknown environmental conditions at the related mortgaged property or properties during the applicable policy period. There can be no assurance that any such assessment, study or review revealed all possible environmental hazards. Each mortgage loan seller has informed the Depositor that to its actual knowledge, without inquiry beyond the environmental assessment (or update of a previously conducted assessment) or questionnaire completed by the borrower and submitted to the mortgage loan seller in connection with obtaining an environmental insurance policy in lieu of an environmental assessment, there are no significant or material circumstances or conditions with respect to the mortgaged property not revealed in the environmental assessment (or update of a previously conducted assessment) or the borrower’s environmental questionnaire. The environmental
assessments relating to certain of the mortgage loans revealed the existence of friable or non-friable asbestos-containing materials, lead-based paint, radon gas, leaking underground storage tanks, polychlorinated biphenyl contamination, ground water contamination or other material environmental conditions.
For more information regarding environmental considerations, see “Risk Factors—Commercial and Multifamily Loans Are Subject to Certain Risks Which Could Adversely Affect the Performance of Your Offered Certificates Environmental Issues at the Mortgaged Properties May Adversely Affect Payments on for Certificates” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Environmental Considerations” in the prospectus.
The pooling and servicing agreement requires that the special servicer obtain an environmental site assessment of a mortgaged property prior to acquiring title thereto on behalf of the trust or assuming its operation. Such requirement may effectively preclude realization of the security for the related note until a satisfactory environmental site assessment is obtained (or until any required remedial action is thereafter taken), but will decrease the likelihood that the trust will become liable under any environmental law. However, there can be no assurance that the requirements of the pooling and servicing agreement will effectively insulate the trust from potential liability under environmental laws. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans” in this prospectus supplement and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Environmental Considerations” in the prospectus.
A Borrower May Be Unable to Repay the Remaining Principal Balance on the Maturity Date
[____] mortgage loans, representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are balloon loans that provide for substantial payments of principal due at their stated maturities. [____] of the [____] mortgage loans identified above, representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, have a balloon payment date in the year [____].
Mortgage loans with substantial remaining principal balances at their stated maturity date involve greater risk than fully-amortizing mortgage loans. This is because the borrower may be unable to repay the mortgage loan at that time. In addition, fully amortizing mortgage loans which may pay interest on an “actual/360” basis but have fixed monthly payments may, in effect, have a small balloon payment due at maturity.
Balloon loans involve a greater risk to the lender than fully amortizing loans because a borrower’s ability to repay a balloon loan on its maturity date typically will depend upon its ability either to refinance such mortgage loan or to sell the mortgaged property at a price sufficient to permit repayment. A borrower’s ability to effect a refinancing or sale will be affected by a number of factors as described in “Risk Factors—Mortgage Loan With Balloon Payments Have a Greater Risk of Default” in the prospectus.
The availability of funds in the credit markets fluctuates over time. The current credit crisis and recent economic downturn has resulted in tightened lending standards and a substantial reduction in capital available to refinance commercial mortgage loans at maturity. These factors have increased the risks of refinancing mortgage loans. See “—The Current Recession and Credit Crisis May Increase Loan Defaults and Affect the Value and Liquidity of Your Investments” in this prospectus supplement. We cannot assure you that each borrower under a balloon loan or an anticipated repayment date loan will have the ability to repay the principal balance of such mortgage loan on the related maturity date or anticipated repayment date, as applicable. Whether or not losses are ultimately sustained, any delay in the collection of a balloon payment on the maturity date or repayment on the anticipated repayment date that would otherwise be distributable on your certificates will likely extend the weighted average life of your certificates. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans” in this prospectus supplement and “Risk Factors—Borrowers May Be Unable to Make Balloon Payments” in the prospectus.
Risks Related to Modification of Mortgage Loans with Balloon Payments
In order to maximize recoveries on defaulted mortgage loans, the pooling and servicing agreement enables the special servicer to extend and modify the terms of mortgage loans that are in material default or as to which a payment default (including the failure to make a balloon payment) is reasonably foreseeable, subject, however, to the limitations described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Mortgage Loans; Collection of Payments” in this prospectus supplement. The master servicer and the special servicer may extend the
maturity date of a mortgage loan under limited circumstances. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Modifications” in this prospectus supplement. There can be no assurance, however, that any extension or modification will increase the present value of recoveries in a given case.
Risks Relating to Borrower Organization or Structure
Although the mortgage loan documents generally contain covenants customarily employed to ensure that a borrower is a single-purpose entity, in many cases the borrowers are not required to observe all covenants that are typically required in order for them to be viewed under standard rating agency criteria as “special-purpose entities.” In general, the borrowers’ organizational documents or the terms of the mortgage loans limit their activities to the ownership of only the related mortgaged property or properties and limit the borrowers’ ability to incur additional indebtedness. These provisions are designed to mitigate the possibility that the borrowers’ financial condition would be adversely impacted by factors unrelated to the mortgaged property and the mortgage loan. However, we cannot assure you that the related borrowers will comply with these requirements. Also, although a borrower may currently be a single-purpose entity, such a borrower may have previously owned property other than the related mortgaged property and/or may not have observed all covenants and conditions which typically are required to view a borrower as a “single purpose entity.” There can be no assurance that circumstances that arose when the borrower did not observe the required covenants will not impact the borrower or the related mortgaged property. In addition, many of the borrowers and their owners do not have an independent director whose consent would be required to file a voluntary bankruptcy petition on behalf of such borrower. One of the purposes of an independent director of the borrower (or of a special-purpose entity having an interest in the borrower) is to avoid a bankruptcy petition filing which is intended solely to benefit an affiliate and is not justified by the borrower’s own economic circumstances. Borrowers (and any special purpose entity having an interest in any such borrowers) that do not have an independent director may be more likely to file a voluntary bankruptcy petition and therefore less likely to repay the related mortgage loan. The bankruptcy of a borrower, or the general partner or the managing member of a borrower, may impair the ability of the lender to enforce its rights and remedies under the related mortgage. See “Risk Factor—The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks” in the Prospectus.
The borrowers with respect to [___] mortgage loans, representing approximately [___]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date, are not required to be single-purpose entities. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws” and “Risk Factors—The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks” in the prospectus.
With respect to a number of mortgage loans, the related borrowers own the related mortgaged property as tenants in common, including, among other mortgage loans, the mortgage loans identified as Loan [___] on Annex [___] to this prospectus supplement, representing approximately [___]% of the aggregate principal balance of the pool of mortgage loans as of the cut-off date. In addition, certain mortgage loans may permit the future sale of tenant-in-common interests in the related mortgaged property. As a result, if a borrower exercises its right of partition, the related mortgage loan may be subject to prepayment. The bankruptcy, dissolution or action for partition by one or more of the tenants in common could result in an early repayment of the related mortgage loan, significant delay in recovery against the tenant-in-common borrowers, particularly if the tenant-in-common borrowers file for bankruptcy separately or in series (because each time a tenant-in-common borrower files for bankruptcy, the bankruptcy court stay will be reinstated), a material impairment in property management and a substantial decrease in the amount recoverable upon the related mortgage loan. In addition, the bankruptcy court has the power, under certain circumstances, to sell the bankrupt entity’s interest and the interests of non-bankrupt tenants-in-common in the jointly-owned property. In some cases a tenants-in-common borrower may not be a special purpose entities. See “The Borrower’s Form of Entity May Cause Special Risks” in the prospectus. In some cases, the related mortgage loan documents provide for full recourse to the related tenant-in-common borrower or the guarantor if a tenant-in-common files for partition or bankruptcy. In some cases, the related tenant-in-common borrower waived its right to partition, reducing the risk of partition. However, there can be no assurance that, if challenged, this waiver would be enforceable. In some cases, the related tenant-in-common borrower is a special purpose entity, reducing the risk of bankruptcy. The tenant-in-common structure may cause delays in the enforcement of remedies because each time a tenant-in-common borrower files for bankruptcy, the bankruptcy court stay will be reinstated. There can be no assurance that a bankruptcy proceeding by a single tenant-in-common borrower will not delay enforcement of this mortgage loan.
Risks Related to Additional Debt
The mortgage loans generally prohibit the borrower from incurring any additional debt secured by the mortgaged property without the consent of the lender. Generally, none of the Depositor, the mortgage loan sellers, the underwriters, the servicers, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor or the trustee have made any investigations, searches or inquiries to determine the existence or status of any subordinate secured financing with respect to any of the mortgaged properties at any time following origination of the related mortgage loan. However, the mortgage loan sellers have informed us that they are aware of the actual or potential additional debt secured by a mortgaged property with respect to the mortgage loans described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans—Other Financing.”
Except to the extent set forth in the last sentence of this paragraph, all of the mortgage loans either prohibit future unsecured subordinated debt that is not incurred in the ordinary course of business, or require lender’s consent to incur such debt. Moreover, in general, any borrower that does not meet the single-purpose entity criteria may not be prohibited from incurring additional debt. This additional debt may be secured by other property owned by such borrower. Certain of these borrowers may have already incurred additional debt. The mortgage loan sellers have informed us that they are aware of actual or potential unsecured debt with respect to the mortgage loans described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans—Other Financing.”
Although the mortgage loans generally restrict the transfer or pledging of general partnership and managing member equity interests in a borrower subject to certain exceptions, the terms of the mortgage loans generally permit, subject to certain limitations, the transfer or pledge of less than a certain specified portion of the general partnership, managing membership, limited partnership or non-managing membership equity interests in a borrower. In addition, in general, the parent entity of any borrower that does not meet single purpose entity criteria may not be restricted in any way from incurring mezzanine debt secured by pledges of their equity interests in such borrower. With respect to mezzanine financing, while a mezzanine lender has no security interest in or rights to the related mortgaged properties, a default under a mezzanine loan could cause a change in control of the related borrower. With respect to these mortgage loans, the relative rights of the mortgagee and the related mezzanine lender are generally set forth in an intercreditor agreement, which agreements typically provide that the rights of the mezzanine lender (including the right to payment) are subordinate to the rights of the mortgage loan lender against the mortgage loan borrower and mortgaged property. The mortgage loan sellers have informed us that they are aware of existing or potential mezzanine debt with respect to the mortgage loans described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans—Other Financing.”
Although the terms of the mortgage loans generally prohibit additional debt of the borrowers and debt secured by ownership interests in the borrowers, except as provided above, it has not been confirmed whether or not any of the borrowers have incurred additional secured or unsecured debt, or have permitted encumbrances on the ownership interests in such borrowers. There can be no assurance that the borrowers have complied with the restrictions on indebtedness contained in the related mortgage loan documents.
When a borrower (or its constituent members) also has one or more other outstanding loans (even if subordinated or mezzanine loans), the trust is subjected to additional risk. The borrower may have difficulty servicing and repaying multiple loans. The existence of another loan generally makes it more difficult for the borrower to obtain refinancing of the mortgage loan and may thereby jeopardize repayment of the mortgage loan. Moreover, the need to service additional debt may reduce the cash flow available to the borrower to operate and maintain the mortgaged property. In addition, with respect to the mezzanine financing, in most of these cases a mezzanine lender will have a right to purchase a mortgage loan in certain default situations. This may cause an early prepayment of the related mortgage loan.
Additionally, if the borrower (or its constituent members) defaults on the mortgage loan and/or any other loan, actions taken by other lenders could impair the security available to the trust. If a junior lender files an involuntary petition for bankruptcy against the borrower (or the borrower files a voluntary petition to stay enforcement by a junior lender), the trust’s ability to foreclose on the property would be automatically stayed, and principal and interest payments might not be made during the course of the bankruptcy case. The bankruptcy of another lender also may operate to stay foreclosure by the trust. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws” in the prospectus.
Further, if another loan secured by the mortgaged property is in default, the other lender may foreclose on the mortgaged property or, in the case of a mezzanine loan, the related mezzanine lender may exercise its purchase rights, in each case, absent an agreement to the contrary, thereby causing a delay in payments and/or an involuntary repayment of the mortgage loan prior to its maturity date. The trust may also be subject to the costs and administrative burdens of involvement in foreclosure proceedings or related litigation. In cases where the trust is a party to any co-lender, intercreditor or similar agreement in connection with the additional debt described above, some provisions contained in that co-lender, intercreditor or similar agreement restricting another lender’s actions may not be enforceable by the trustee on behalf of the trust. If, in the event of the related borrower’s bankruptcy, a court refuses to enforce certain restrictions against another lender, such as provisions whereby such other lender has agreed not to take direct actions with respect to the related debt, including any actions relating to the bankruptcy of the related borrower, or not to vote the lender’s claim with respect to a bankruptcy proceeding, there could be a resulting impairment and/or delay in the trustee’s ability to recover with respect to the related borrower.
Bankruptcy Proceedings Entail Certain Risks
Under the federal bankruptcy code, the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by or against a borrower will stay the sale of the real property owned by that borrower, as well as the commencement or continuation of a foreclosure action and deficiency judgment proceedings. In addition, even if a court determines that the value of the mortgaged property is less than the principal balance of the mortgage loan it secures, the court may prevent a lender from foreclosing on the mortgaged property (subject to certain protections available to the lender). As part of a restructuring plan, a court also may reduce the amount of secured indebtedness to the then-current value of the mortgaged property. This action would make the lender a general unsecured creditor for the difference between the then-current value and the amount of its outstanding mortgage indebtedness. A bankruptcy court also may:
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grant a debtor a reasonable time to cure a payment default on a mortgage loan;
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reduce monthly payments due under a mortgage loan;
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change the rate of interest due on a mortgage loan; or
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otherwise alter the mortgage loan’s repayment schedule.
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Moreover, the filing of a petition in bankruptcy by, or on behalf of, a junior lienholder may stay the senior lienholder from taking action to foreclose on the junior lien. Additionally, the borrower’s trustee or the borrower, as debtor-in-possession, has certain special powers to avoid, subordinate or disallow debts. In certain circumstances, the claims of the trustee, on behalf of the certificateholders, may be subordinated to financing obtained by a debtor-in-possession subsequent to its bankruptcy.
Under the federal bankruptcy code, the lender will be stayed from enforcing a borrower’s assignment of rents and leases. The federal bankruptcy code also may interfere with the trustee’s ability to enforce any lockbox requirements. The legal proceedings necessary to resolve these issues can be time consuming and may significantly delay the lender’s receipt of rents. Rents also may escape an assignment to the extent they are used by the borrower to maintain the mortgaged property or for other court authorized expenses.
As a result of the foregoing, the trustee’s recovery with respect to borrowers in bankruptcy proceedings may be significantly delayed, and the aggregate amount ultimately collected may be substantially less than the amount owed. See “Risk Factors—Bankruptcy Proceedings Entail Risks” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws” in the prospectus.
Certain of the mortgage loans may have had a sponsor that has filed for bankruptcy protection more than [ten] years ago. In all cases, the related entity or person has emerged from bankruptcy. Certain of the mortgage loans may have had a sponsor that filed (or a sponsor that caused an entity under its control to file) for bankruptcy protection within the last ten years. We cannot assure you that these sponsors will not be more likely than other sponsors to utilize their rights in bankruptcy in the event of any threatened action by the lender to enforce its rights under the related loan documents. Nor can we assure you that the bankruptcies of sponsors have in all cases been disclosed to us.
Risks Related to Sponsor Guaranties
In connection with the origination of certain mortgage loans, a borrower may have been permitted to provide a guaranty from its parent or sponsor in lieu of funding a reserve or providing an irrevocable letter of credit. A loan sponsor on a guaranty in lieu of reserves will typically be an individual or operating entity; as such, it is capable of incurring liabilities, whether intentionally (such as incurring other debt) or unintentionally (such as being named in a lawsuit). In addition, such individuals and entities are not restricted from filing for bankruptcy protection. Notwithstanding any net worth requirements that may be contained in a guaranty, there can be no assurance that a loan sponsor or guarantor will be willing or financially able to satisfy guaranteed obligations.
Lack of Skillful Property Management Entail Risks
The successful operation of a real estate project depends upon the property manager’s performance and viability. The property manager is generally responsible for:
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responding to changes in the local market;
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planning and implementing the rental structure;
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operating the property and providing building services;
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managing operating expenses; and
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assuring that maintenance and capital improvements are carried out in a timely fashion.
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Properties deriving revenues primarily from short-term sources, such as hotels and self storage facilities, are generally more management intensive than properties leased to creditworthy tenants under long-term leases.
A good property manager, by controlling costs, providing appropriate service to tenants and seeing to the maintenance of improvements, can improve cash flow, reduce vacancy, leasing and repair costs and preserve the building’s value. On the other hand, management errors can, in some cases, impair short-term cash flow and the long-term viability of an income-producing property.
No representation or warranty can be made as to the skills or experience of any present or future managers. Many of the property managers are affiliated with the borrower and, in some cases, such property managers may not manage any other properties. Additionally, there can be no assurance that the related property manager will be in a financial condition to fulfill its management responsibilities throughout the terms of its respective management agreement.
Risks of Inspections Relating to Property
Licensed engineers or consultants inspected the mortgaged properties in connection with the origination of the mortgage loans to assess items such as structure, exterior walls, roofing, interior construction, mechanical and electrical systems and general condition of the site, buildings and other improvements. However, there is no assurance that all conditions requiring repair or replacement were identified, or that any required repairs or replacements were effected.
World Events and Natural (or Other) Disasters Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Mortgaged Properties and Could Reduce the Cash Flow Available To Make Payments on the Certificates
The world-wide economic crisis has had a material impact on general economic conditions, consumer confidence and market liquidity. The economic impact of the United States’ military operations in Afghanistan, Iraq and other parts of the world, as well as the possibility of any terrorist attacks domestically or abroad, is uncertain, but could have a material adverse effect on general economic conditions, consumer confidence, and market liquidity. We can give no assurance as to the effect of these events on consumer confidence and the performance of the mortgage loans held by the trust. Any adverse impact resulting from these events would be borne by the holders of one or more classes of the certificates. In addition, natural disasters, including earthquakes, floods and hurricanes,
and other disasters, such as the recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, also may adversely affect the real properties securing the mortgage loans that back your certificates. For example, real properties located in California may be more susceptible to certain hazards (such as earthquakes or widespread fires) than properties in other parts of the country and mortgaged real properties located in coastal states generally may be more susceptible to hurricanes than properties in other parts of the country. Hurricanes and related windstorms, floods and tornadoes have caused extensive and catastrophic physical damage in and to coastal and inland areas located in the Gulf Coast region of the United States and certain other parts of the southeastern United States. The underlying mortgage loans do not all require the maintenance of flood insurance for the related real properties. We cannot assure you that any damage caused by hurricanes, windstorms, floods or tornadoes would be covered by insurance.
Inadequate Property Insurance Coverage Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Mortgaged Properties
Certain Risks are Not Covered Under Standard Insurance Policies.
In general, the master servicer and special servicer will be required to cause the borrower on each mortgage loan to maintain such insurance coverage in respect of the related mortgaged property as is required under the related mortgage. (Exceptions include where the mortgage loan documents permit the borrower to rely on a tenant to obtain the insurance coverage or on self-insurance provided by a tenant; See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Underwriting Matters—Property, Liability and Other Insurance” in this prospectus supplement). In general, the standard form of fire and extended coverage policy covers physical damage to or destruction of the improvements of a property by fire, lightning, explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, and riot, strike and civil commotion, subject to the conditions and exclusions specified in each policy (windstorm is a common exclusion for properties located in certain locations). Most policies typically do not cover any physical damage resulting from, among other things —
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nuclear, biological or chemical materials;
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floods and other water-related causes;
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earth movement, including earthquakes, landslides and mudflows;
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Unless the related mortgage loan documents specifically require the borrower to insure against physical damage arising from such causes, then, the resulting losses may be borne by you as a holder of certificates. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Insurance Policies.”
Standard Insurance May be Inadequate Even for Types of Losses that are Insured Against.
Even if a type of loss is covered by the insurance policies required to be in place at the mortgaged properties, the mortgaged properties may suffer losses for which the insurance coverage is inadequate. For example:
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in a case where terrorism coverage is included under a policy, if the terrorist attack is, for example, nuclear, biological or chemical in nature, the policy may include an exclusion that precludes coverage for such terrorist attack;
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in certain cases, particularly where land values are high, the insurable value (at the time of loan origination) of the mortgaged property may be significantly lower than the principal balance of the mortgage loan;
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with respect to mortgaged properties located in flood prone areas where flood insurance is required, the related mortgaged property may only have federal flood insurance (which only covers up to $500,000), not private flood insurance, and the related mortgaged property may suffer losses that exceed the amounts covered by the federal flood insurance;
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the mortgage loan documents may limit the requirement to obtain related insurance to where the premium amounts are “commercially reasonable” or a similar limitation; and
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if reconstruction or major repairs are required, changes in laws may materially affect the borrower’s ability to effect any reconstruction or major repairs and/or may materially increase the costs of the reconstruction or repairs and insurance may not cover or sufficiently compensate the insured.
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There is No Assurance that Required Insurance will be Maintained.
There is no assurance that borrowers have maintained or will maintain the insurance required under the mortgage loan documents or that such insurance will be adequate.
Even if the mortgage loan documents specify that the related borrower must maintain standard extended coverage casualty insurance or other insurance that covers acts of terrorism, the borrower may fail to maintain such insurance and the master servicer or the special servicer may not enforce such default or cause the borrower to obtain such insurance if the special servicer has determined, in accordance with the servicing standards and[, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing], with the consent of the Directing Holder, that either (a) such insurance is not available at any rate or (b) such insurance is not available at commercially reasonable rates and that such hazards are not at the time commonly insured against for properties similar to the mortgaged property and located in or around the geographic region in which such mortgaged property is located (such default, an “Acceptable Insurance Default”). Additionally, if the related borrower fails to maintain such insurance, neither the applicable master servicer nor the special servicer will be required to maintain such terrorism insurance coverage if the special servicer determines, in accordance with the servicing standards, that such insurance is not available for the reasons set forth in (a) or (b) of the preceding sentence. Furthermore, at the time existing insurance policies are subject to renewal, there is no assurance that terrorism insurance coverage will be available and covered under the new policies or, if covered, whether such coverage will be adequate. Most insurance policies covering commercial real properties such as the mortgaged properties are subject to renewal on an annual basis. If this coverage is not currently in effect, is not adequate or is ultimately not continued with respect to some of the mortgaged properties and one of those properties suffers a casualty loss as a result of a terrorist act, then the resulting casualty loss could reduce the amount available to make distributions on your certificates.
As a result of any of the foregoing, the amount available to make distributions on your certificates could be reduced.
Availability of Terrorism Insurance
The Expiration of the Federal Terrorism Risk Insurance Program May Increase the Cost of Terrorism Insurance.
In response to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York City, the Washington, DC area and Pennsylvania, on November 26, 2002, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 was enacted, which established the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program. On December 26, 2007, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 (“TRIPRA”) was enacted, which extended the duration of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program through December 31, 2014.
The Terrorism Risk Insurance Program is administered by the Secretary of the Treasury and, through December 31, 2014, will provide some financial assistance from the United States Government to insurers in the event of another terrorist attack that results in an insurance claim. The program, as extended and revised by the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007, applies not only to acts by individuals acting on
behalf of any foreign person or foreign interest but also to acts of “domestic terrorism.” With respect to any act of terrorism for any program year, no compensation will be paid under the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program unless the aggregate industry losses relating to such act of terror exceed $100 million. Unless the borrowers obtain separate coverage for events that do not meet that threshold (which coverage may not be required by the respective loan documents and may not otherwise be obtainable), such events would not be covered.
The Treasury Department has established procedures for the program under which the federal share of compensation will be equal to 85% of that portion of insured losses that exceeds an applicable insurer deductible required to be paid during each program year (which insurer deductible was fixed by the 2007 revisions at 20% of an insurer’s direct earned premium for any program year). The federal share in the aggregate in any program year may not exceed $100 billion (and the insurers will not be liable for any amount that exceeds this cap). An insurer that has paid its deductible is not liable for the payment of any portion of total United States-wide losses that exceed $100 billion, regardless of the terms of the individual insurance contracts.
Through December 2014, insurance carriers are required under the program to provide terrorism coverage in their basic “all risk” policies providing “special” form coverage. Any commercial property and casualty terrorism insurance exclusion that was in force on November 26, 2002 is automatically voided to the extent that it excludes losses that would otherwise be insured losses. Any state approval of such types of exclusions in force on November 26, 2002 are also voided.
If TRIPRA is not extended or renewed upon its expiration in 2014, premiums for terrorism insurance coverage will likely increase and/or the terms of such insurance may be materially amended to increase stated exclusions or to otherwise effectively decrease the scope of coverage available (perhaps to the point where it is effectively not available). In addition, to the extent that any policies contain “sunset clauses” (i.e., clauses that void terrorism coverage if the federal insurance backstop program is not renewed), then such policies may cease to provide terrorism insurance upon the expiration of TRIPRA. We cannot assure you that such temporary program will create any long term changes in the availability and cost of such insurance.
Certain Mortgage Loans Limit the Borrower’s Obligation to Obtain Terrorism Insurance.
Certain of the mortgage loans contain limitations on the borrower’s obligation to obtain terrorism insurance, such as (i) waiving the requirement that such borrowers are required to maintain terrorism insurance if such insurance is not available at commercially reasonable rates, or (ii) providing that the related borrowers may not be required to spend in excess of a specified dollar amount in order to obtain such terrorism insurance, or, in the event such terrorism insurance is not available from a “Qualified Carrier”, then the borrower may be permitted to obtain such terrorism insurance from the highest rated insurance company providing such terrorism coverage.
The various forms of insurance maintained with respect to any of the mortgaged properties, including property and casualty insurance, environmental insurance and earthquake insurance, may be provided under a blanket insurance policy, covering other real properties, some of which may not secure mortgage loans in the trust. As a result of total limits under blanket policies, losses at other properties covered by the blanket insurance policy may reduce the amount of insurance coverage available with respect to a mortgaged property securing one of the mortgage loans in the trust and the amounts available could be insufficient to cover insured risks at such mortgaged property.
With respect to certain of the mortgage loans that we intend to include in the trust, the related mortgage loan documents generally provide that the borrowers are required to maintain comprehensive standard extended coverage casualty insurance but may not specify the nature of the specific risks required to be covered by these insurance policies.
With respect to certain of the mortgage loans, the standard extended coverage policy specifically excludes terrorism insurance from its coverage. In certain of those cases, the related borrower obtained supplemental terrorism insurance. In other cases, the lender did not require that terrorism insurance be maintained.
In addition, in many cases where terrorism insurance is required, such insurance may be required only to the extent it can be obtained for premiums less than or equal to the “cap” amount specified in the related mortgage loan
documents, only if it can be purchased at commercially reasonable rates and/or only with a deductible at a certain threshold.
There is No Assurance that Required Terrorism Insurance will be Maintained.
Even if the mortgage loan documents specify that the related borrower must maintain standard extended coverage casualty insurance or other insurance that covers acts of terrorism, the borrower may fail to maintain such insurance and the master servicer or special servicer may not enforce such default or cause the borrower to obtain such insurance if the special servicer has determined, in accordance with the servicing standards, that either (a) such insurance is not available at any rate or (b) such insurance is not available at commercially reasonable rates (which determination, with respect to terrorism insurance, will be subject to consent of the directing holder (which is generally the holder of the majority interest of the most subordinate class then outstanding) and that such hazards are not at the time commonly insured against for properties similar to the mortgaged property and located in or around the geographic region in which such mortgaged property is located. Additionally, if the related borrower fails to maintain such insurance, neither the master servicer nor the special servicer will be required to maintain such terrorism insurance coverage if the special servicer determines, in accordance with the servicing standards, that such insurance is not available for the reasons set forth in (a) or (b) of the preceding sentence. Furthermore, at the time existing insurance policies are subject to renewal, there is no assurance that terrorism insurance coverage will be available and covered under the new policies or, if covered, whether such coverage will be adequate. Most insurance policies covering commercial real properties such as the mortgaged properties are subject to renewal on an annual basis. If this coverage is not currently in effect, is not adequate or is ultimately not continued with respect to some of the mortgaged properties and one of those properties suffers a casualty loss as a result of a terrorist act, then the resulting casualty loss could reduce the amount available to make distributions on your certificates.
As a result of any of the foregoing, the amount available to make distributions on your certificates could be reduced.
Appraisals and Market Studies Have Certain Limitations
An appraisal or other market analysis was conducted with respect to the mortgaged properties in connection with the origination or acquisition of the related mortgage loans. The resulting estimates of value are the bases of the cut-off date loan-to-value ratios referred to in this prospectus supplement. Those estimates represent the analysis and opinion of the person performing the appraisal or market analysis and are not guarantees of present or future values. There can be no assurance that another appraiser would not have arrived at a different evaluation, even if such appraiser used the same general approach to, and the same method of, appraising the mortgaged property. Moreover, the values of the mortgaged properties may have fluctuated significantly since the appraisal or market study was performed. In addition, appraisals seek to establish the amount a typically motivated buyer would pay a typically motivated seller. Such amount could be significantly higher than the amount obtained from the sale of a mortgaged property under a distress or liquidation sale. In certain cases, appraisals may reflect “as stabilized” values, reflecting certain assumptions, such as future construction completion, projected re-tenanting or increased tenant occupancies. Information regarding the appraised values of mortgaged properties available to the Depositor as of the cut-off date is presented in Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement for illustrative purposes only. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Loan Information” in this prospectus supplement.
Tax Considerations Related to Foreclosure
If the trust acquires a mortgaged property pursuant to a foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, the special servicer will generally retain an independent contractor to operate the mortgaged property.
Among other things, the independent contractor generally will not be able to perform construction work, other than repair, maintenance or certain types of tenant build outs, unless the construction was at least 10% completed when default on the mortgage loan becomes imminent. Furthermore, any net income from such operation (other than qualifying “rents from real property”), or any rental income based on the net profits of a tenant or sub tenant or allocable to a non customary service, will subject the Lower Tier REMIC, to federal tax on such income at the highest marginal corporate tax rate (currently 35%) and possibly state or local tax. “Rents from real property” does not include any rental income based on the net profits of a tenant or sub tenant or allocable to a service that is non customary in the area and for the type of building involved. In such event, the net proceeds available for distribution
to certificateholders will be reduced. The special servicer may permit the Lower Tier REMIC to earn “net income from foreclosure property” that is subject to tax if it determines that the net after tax benefit to certificateholders is greater than under another method of operating or leasing the mortgaged property. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans” in this prospectus supplement.
In addition, if the trust were to acquire one or more mortgaged properties pursuant to a foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, upon acquisition of those mortgaged properties, the trust may in certain jurisdictions, particularly in New York, be required to pay state or local transfer or excise taxes upon liquidation of the properties. These state or local taxes may reduce net proceeds available for distribution with respect to the certificates.
Increases in Real Estate Taxes Due to Termination of a PILOT Program or Other Tax Abatement Arrangements May Reduce Payments to Certificateholders
Certain of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans have or may in the future have the benefit of reduced real estate taxes under a local government program of payment in lieu of taxes (often known as a PILOT program) or other tax abatement arrangements. Some of these programs or arrangements are scheduled to terminate or have significant tax increases prior to the maturity of the related mortgage loan, resulting in higher, and in some cases substantially higher, real estate tax obligations for the related borrower. An increase in real estate taxes may impact the ability of the borrower to pay debt service on the mortgage loans. There are no assurances that any such program will continue for the duration of the related mortgage loan or would survive a mortgage loan foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure.
Risks Related to Enforceability
All of the mortgages permit the lender to accelerate the debt upon default by the borrower. The courts of all states will enforce acceleration clauses in the event of a material payment default, subject in some cases to a right of the court to revoke such acceleration and reinstate the mortgage loan if a payment default is cured. The equity courts of any state, however, may refuse to allow the foreclosure of a mortgage, deed of trust, or other security instrument or to permit the acceleration of the indebtedness if —
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the exercise of those remedies would be inequitable or unjust; or
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the circumstances would render the acceleration unconscionable.
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Thus, a court may refuse to permit foreclosure or acceleration if a default is deemed immaterial or the exercise of those remedies would be unjust or unconscionable or if a material default is cured.
Risks Related to Enforceability of Prepayment Premiums, Yield Maintenance Charges and Defeasance Provisions
Provisions requiring yield maintenance charges, prepayment premiums and lock-out periods may not be enforceable in some states and under federal bankruptcy law. Those provisions for charges and premiums also may constitute interest for usury purposes. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the obligation to pay a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium or to prohibit prepayments will be enforceable. There is no assurance that the foreclosure proceeds will be sufficient to pay an enforceable yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium. Additionally, although the collateral substitution provisions related to defeasance do not have the same effect on the certificateholders as prepayment, there is no assurance that a court would not interpret those provisions as requiring a yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium. In certain jurisdictions those collateral substitution provisions might therefore be deemed unenforceable under applicable law, or usurious.
The Master Servicer or the Special Servicer May Experience Difficulty in Collecting Rents Upon the Default and/or Bankruptcy of a Borrower
If a mortgaged property has tenants, the borrower typically assigns its income as landlord to the lender as further security, while retaining a license to collect rents as long as there is no default. If the borrower defaults, the license terminates and the lender is entitled to collect rents. In certain jurisdictions, such assignments may not be perfected as security interests until the lender takes actual possession of the property’s cash flow. In some
jurisdictions, the lender may not be entitled to collect rents until the lender takes possession of the property and secures the appointment of a receiver. In which event, the receiver, rather than the lender, would be entitled to collect the rents. A receiver generally may not be appointed as a matter of right, and appointment of a receiver may be delayed or subject to a court’s approval. In addition, as discussed above, if bankruptcy or similar proceedings are commenced by or for the borrower, the lender’s ability to collect the rents may be adversely affected.
Risks Related to Cross-Collateralized Loans and Loans Secured by Multiple Properties
[____] mortgage loans, representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance, are secured by more than one mortgaged property. In addition, there are [__] groups of crossed-collateralized and crossed-defaulted mortgage loans representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance.
These arrangements are designed primarily to ensure that all of the collateral pledged to secure the respective mortgage loans in a cross-collateralized or multi-property loan, and the cash flows generated by such properties, are available to support debt service on, and ultimate repayment of, the aggregate indebtedness secured by such properties. These arrangements thus seek to reduce the risk that the inability of one or more of the mortgaged properties securing any such mortgage loans to generate net operating income sufficient to pay debt service will result in defaults and ultimate losses.
Cross-collateralization arrangements involving more than one borrower or mortgagor or mortgage loans to co-borrowers or co-mortgagors secured by multiple properties or multiple parcels within a single mortgaged property could be challenged as a fraudulent conveyance by creditors of a borrower or mortgagor or by the representative of the bankruptcy estate of a borrower if a borrower or mortgagor were to become a debtor in a bankruptcy case. Generally, under federal and most state fraudulent conveyance statutes, the incurring of an obligation or the transfer of property by a person will be subject to avoidance under certain circumstances if the person did not receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value in exchange for such obligation or transfer and:
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was insolvent or was rendered insolvent by such obligation or transfer,
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was engaged in business or a transaction, or was about to engage in business or a transaction, for which any property remaining with the person was unreasonably small capital or
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intended to, or believed that it would, incur debts that would be beyond the person’s ability to pay as such debts matured.
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Accordingly, a lien granted by a borrower or mortgagor to secure repayment of another borrower’s mortgage loan could be avoided if a court were to determine that:
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such borrower or mortgagor was insolvent at the time of granting the lien, was rendered insolvent by the granting of the lien, or was left with unreasonably small capital, or was not able to pay its debts as they matured and
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the borrower or mortgagor did not, when it allowed its mortgaged property to be encumbered by a lien securing the entire indebtedness represented by the other mortgage loan, receive fair consideration or reasonably equivalent value for pledging such mortgaged property for the equal benefit of the other borrower.
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If the lien is avoided, the lender would lose the benefits afforded by such lien. Among other things, a legal challenge to the granting of the liens may focus on the benefits realized by such borrower or mortgagor from the respective mortgage loan proceeds, as well as the overall cross-collateralization. If a court were to conclude that the granting of the liens was avoidable fraudulent conveyance, that court could:
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subordinate all or part of the pertinent mortgage loan to existing or future indebtedness of that borrower or mortgagor;
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recover payment made under the mortgage loan; or
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take other actions detrimental to the holders of the certificates; including, under certain circumstances, invalidating the mortgage loan or loans or the mortgages securing such cross collateralization.
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In addition, the lender would experience delay in exercising remedies with respect to cross-collateralized loan groups or loans secured by multiple properties involving properties located in more than one state or jurisdiction.
The amount of the mortgage lien encumbering any particular one of the mortgaged properties in a multi-property mortgage loan or a pool of cross collateralized mortgage loans is in some cases less than the full amount of the related mortgage loan or group of cross collateralized mortgage loans, generally to minimize mortgage recording tax. In these cases the mortgage may be limited to the allocated loan amount for the related mortgaged property or some other amount that is less than or equal to the appraised value of the mortgaged property at the time of origination. This would limit the extent to which proceeds from the mortgaged property would be available to offset declines in value of the other mortgaged properties securing the same mortgage loan or group of mortgage loans.
State Law Limitations Entail Certain Risks
The ability to realize upon the mortgage loans may be limited by the application of state and federal laws. Some states (including California) have laws prohibiting more than one “judicial action” to enforce a mortgage obligation. Some courts have construed the term “judicial action” broadly. In the case of a mortgage loan secured by mortgaged properties located in multiple states, the special servicer may be required to foreclose first on mortgaged properties located in states where such “one action” rules apply (and where non-judicial foreclosure is permitted) before foreclosing on properties located in states where judicial foreclosure is the only permitted method of foreclosure. As a result, the ability to realize upon the mortgage loans may be limited by the application of state laws. Foreclosure actions may also, in certain circumstances, subject the trust to liability as a “lender-in-possession” or result in the equitable subordination of the claims of the trustee to the claims of other creditors of the borrower. The special servicer may take these state laws into consideration in deciding which remedy to choose following a default by a borrower.
Leasehold Interests Entail Certain Risks
[____] mortgaged properties, which represent security for [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, are secured by a mortgage on (i) the borrower’s leasehold (subleasehold) interest in the related mortgaged property and not the related fee simple interest or (ii) the borrower’s leasehold interest in portion of the related mortgaged property and the borrower’s fee simple interest in the remainder of the related mortgaged property.
Leasehold mortgage loans are subject to certain risks not associated with mortgage loans secured by a lien on the fee estate of the borrower. The most significant of these risks is that if the borrower’s leasehold interest were to be terminated upon a lease default or in connection with a lessor or lessee bankruptcy, the leasehold mortgagee would lose its security in such leasehold interest. Generally, the related ground lease requires the lessor to give the leasehold mortgagee notice of lessee defaults and an opportunity to cure them, permits the leasehold estate to be assigned to the leasehold mortgagee or the purchaser at a foreclosure sale, and may contain certain other provisions beneficial to a mortgagee. Upon the bankruptcy of a lessor or a lessee under a ground lease, the debtor entity has the right to assume or reject the lease. If a debtor lessor rejects the lease, the lessee generally has the right to treat such lease as terminated by the rejection or remain in possession of its leased premises paying the rent required under the lease for the remaining term of the lease (including renewals), although in certain cases a bankrupt lessor may obtain court approval to dispose of the related property free and clear of the lessee’s interest. If a debtor lessee/borrower rejects any or all of its leases, the leasehold lender could succeed to the lessee/borrower’s position under the lease only if the lessor specifically grants the lender such right. If both the lessor and the lessee/borrowers are involved in bankruptcy proceedings, the trust trustee may be unable to enforce the bankrupt lessee/borrower’s pre-petition agreement to refuse to treat a ground lease rejected by a bankrupt lessor as terminated. In such circumstances, a lease could be terminated notwithstanding lender protection provisions contained therein or in the mortgage. See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Bankruptcy Laws” in the prospectus.
In addition, the ground leases securing the mortgaged properties may provide that the ground rent payable thereunder increases during the term of the lease. These increases may adversely affect the cash flow and net income of the borrower from the mortgaged property.
Potential Absence of Attornment Provisions Entails Risks
As described in the prospectus under “Risk Factors—Commercial and Multifamily Loans are Subject to Certain Risks Which Could Adversely Affect the Performance of Your Offered Certificates—Rights Against Tenants May Be Limited if Lease Are Not Subordinate to Mortgage or Do Not Contain Attornment Provisions,” there are risks related to the absence of attornment provisions. Not all leases were reviewed to ascertain the existence of attornment or subordination provisions. Accordingly, if a mortgaged property is located in a jurisdiction where an attornment provision is required to require the tenant to attorn and such mortgaged property is leased to one or more desirable tenants under leases that are subordinate to the mortgage and do not contain attornment provisions, such mortgaged property could experience a further decline in value if such tenants’ leases were terminated. This is particularly likely if such tenants were paying above-market rents or could not be replaced.
If a lease is not subordinate to a mortgage, the trust will not have the right to dispossess the tenant upon foreclosure of the mortgaged property (unless it has otherwise agreed with the tenant). If the lease contains provisions inconsistent with the mortgage (e.g., provisions relating to application of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards) or which could affect the enforcement of the lender’s rights (e.g., a right of first refusal to purchase the property), the provisions of the lease will take precedence over the provisions of the mortgage. In the event such a lease provision takes precedence over the provisions of the mortgage, such provision may reduce the value of the mortgaged property and may negatively impact your certificates.
Risks Related to Zoning Laws
As described in the prospectus under “Risk Factors—Commercial and Multifamily Loans are Subject to Certain Risks Which Could Adversely Affect the Performance of Your Offered Certificates—If Mortgaged Properties Are Not in Compliance With Current Zoning Laws, Restoration Following a Casualty Loss May be Limited,” there are risks related to zoning laws. Certain of the mortgaged properties that do not conform to current zoning laws may not be “legal non-conforming uses” or “legal non-conforming structures.” The failure of a mortgaged property to comply with zoning laws or to be a “legal non-conforming use” or “legal non-conforming structure” may adversely affect the market value of the mortgaged property or the borrower’s ability to continue to use it in the manner it is currently being used or may necessitate material additional expenditures to remedy non-conformities. Certain mortgaged properties may currently have a temporary certificate of occupancy related to renovations at the mortgaged property. Violations may be known to exist at a particular mortgaged property, but, [except as disclosed below], the related mortgage loan sellers have informed us that, to their knowledge, there are no violations that they consider to be material to the value of the related mortgaged property or that they consider would have a likely negative impact upon your certificates.
Risks Related to Litigation
There may be pending or threatened legal proceedings against the borrowers and managers of the mortgaged properties and their respective affiliates related to the business of or arising outside the ordinary business of the borrowers, managers and affiliates, which litigation or proceedings could have a material adverse effect on the related borrower’s or sponsor’s ability to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan and, therefore, upon distributions on your certificates. [Except, as described below,] the mortgage loan sellers have informed us that, to their knowledge, there are no legal proceedings they consider to be (or consider likely to become) material to the value of the related mortgaged property or that they consider would have a likely negative impact upon your certificates.
From time to time, there may be condemnations pending or threatened against one or more of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. The proceeds payable in connection with a total condemnation may not be sufficient to restore the related mortgaged property or to satisfy the remaining indebtedness of the related mortgage loan. The occurrence of a partial condemnation may have a material adverse effect on the continued use of, or
income generation from, the affected mortgaged property. Therefore, we cannot assure you that the occurrence of any condemnation will not have a negative impact upon distributions on your certificates.
Prior Bankruptcies or Other Proceedings May Be Relevant to Future Performance
Certain borrowers, principals of borrowers, property managers and affiliates thereof have been a party to bankruptcy proceedings, foreclosure proceedings or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure transactions, or other material proceedings (including criminal proceedings), in the past.
In addition, borrowers, principals of borrowers, property managers and affiliates thereof may, in the future, be involved in bankruptcy proceedings, foreclosure proceedings or other material proceedings (including criminal proceedings). There can be no assurance that any such proceedings will not negatively impact a borrower’s or sponsor’s ability to meet its obligations under the related mortgage loan. Such proceedings could have a material adverse effect upon distributions on your certificates.
If a borrower or a principal of a borrower or affiliate has been a party to a bankruptcy, foreclosure or other proceeding or has been convicted of a crime in the past, we cannot assure you that the borrower or principal will not be more likely than other borrowers or principals to avail itself or cause a borrower to avail itself of its legal rights, under the Bankruptcy Code or otherwise, in the event of an action or threatened action by the mortgagee or its servicer to enforce the related mortgage loan documents, or otherwise conduct its operations in a manner that is in the best interests of the lender and/or the mortgaged property. We cannot assure you that any such proceedings or actions will not have a material adverse effect upon distributions on your certificates.
Often it is difficult to confirm the identity of owners of 20% or less of the equity in a borrower, which means that past issues may not be discovered as to such owners.
Risks Related to Compliance with Americans With Disabilities Act
Under the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, all public accommodations are required to meet certain federal requirements related to access and use by disabled persons. To the extent that a mortgaged property securing a mortgage loan does not comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, the related borrowers may incur costs complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. In addition, noncompliance could result in the imposition of fines by the federal government or an award of damages to private litigants. The expenditure of these costs or the imposition of injunctive relief, penalties or fines in connection with the borrower’s noncompliance could negatively impact the borrower’s cash flow and, consequently, its ability to pay its mortgage loan.
Risks Relating to Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems (MERS)
The mortgages or assignments of mortgages for some of the mortgage loans have been or may be recorded in the name of Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems, Inc. (“MERS”), solely as nominee for the related Mortgage Loan Seller and its successor and assigns. Subsequent assignments of those mortgages are registered electronically through the MERS system. The recording of mortgages in the name of MERS is a new practice in the commercial mortgage lending industry. Public recording officers and others have limited, if any, experience with lenders seeking to foreclose mortgages, assignments of which are registered with MERS. Accordingly, delays and additional costs in commencing, prosecuting and completing foreclosure proceedings and conducting foreclosure sales of the mortgaged properties could result. Those delays and the additional costs could in turn delay the distribution of liquidation proceeds to certificateholders and increase the amount of losses on the loans.
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer
The pooling and servicing agreement provides that the mortgage loans are required to be administered in accordance with the servicing standard without regard to ownership of any certificate by the master servicer or special servicer or any of their respective affiliates. See [“The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Mortgage Loans; Collection of Payments”] in this prospectus supplement.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the master servicer, the special servicer or any of their respective affiliates may have interests when dealing with the mortgage loans that are in conflict with those of holders of the certificates, especially if the master servicer, the special servicer or any of their respective affiliates holds certificates or companion interests, or has financial interests in or other financial dealings with a borrower or a sponsor. Each of these relationships may create a conflict of interest. For instance, if the special servicer or its affiliate holds a subordinate class of certificates, the special servicer might seek to reduce the potential for losses allocable to those certificates from the mortgage loans by deferring acceleration in hope of maximizing future proceeds. However, that action could result in less proceeds to the issuing entity than would be realized if earlier action had been taken. In general, no servicer is required to act in a manner more favorable to the certificates or any particular class of certificates than to the companion interests.
Each of the master servicer and the special servicer services and is expected to continue to service, in the ordinary course of its business, existing and new mortgage loans for third parties, including portfolios of mortgage loans similar to the mortgage loans. The real properties securing these other mortgage loans may be in the same markets as, and compete with, certain of the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. Consequently, personnel of the master servicer or special servicer, as applicable, may perform services, on behalf of the issuing entity, with respect to the mortgage loans at the same time as they are performing services, on behalf of other persons, with respect to other mortgage loans secured by properties that compete with the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. This may pose inherent conflicts for the master servicer or the special servicer.
Each of the foregoing relationships should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any certificates.
Special Servicer May Be Directed To Take Actions
In connection with the servicing of the specially serviced mortgage loans, the special servicer may, at the direction of the directing holder, take actions with respect to the specially serviced mortgage loans that could adversely affect the holders of some or all of the classes of certificates. The directing holder will be controlled by the controlling class certificateholders. The directing holder may have interests in conflict with those of the other certificateholders. As a result, it is possible that the directing holder may direct the special servicer to take actions that conflict with the interests of certain classes of the certificates. However, the special servicer is not permitted to take actions that are prohibited by law or violate the servicing standard or the terms of the mortgage loan documents. In addition, except as limited by certain conditions described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Special Servicing—Replacement of the Special Servicer,” the special servicer may be removed without cause by the directing holder. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—the Directing Holder,” and “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Special Servicing—Replacement of the Special Servicer” in this prospectus supplement. It is expected that [____________] will be the initial directing holder.
You will be acknowledging and agreeing, by your purchase of certificates, that the directing holder: (i) may take or refrain from taking actions that favor the interests of the directing holder over the certificateholders; (ii) may have special relationships and interests that conflict with the interests of the certificateholders and (iii) will not be liable by reason of its having so acted or refrained from acting solely in the interests of the directing holder and that no certificateholder may take any action against the directing holder or any of its officers, directors, employees, principals or agents as a result of such a special relationship or conflict.
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Underwriters
The activities of the underwriters and their respective affiliates may result in certain conflicts of interest. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may retain, or own in the future, classes of certificates, and any voting rights of that class could be exercised by them in a manner that could adversely impact the certificates. The underwriters may invest or take long or short positions in securities or instruments, including the certificates, that may be different from your position as an investor in the certificates. If that were to occur, that underwriters’ interests may not be aligned with your interests in certificates you acquire.
The underwriters and their respective affiliates include broker-dealers whose business includes executing securities and derivative transactions on their own behalf as principals and on behalf of clients. Accordingly, the underwriters and their respective affiliates and clients acting through them from time to time buy, sell or hold securities or other instruments, which may include one or more classes of the certificates, and do so without
consideration of the fact that the underwriters acted as underwriters for the certificates. Such transactions may result in underwriters and their respective affiliates and/or their clients having long or short positions in such instruments. Any such short positions will increase in value if the related securities or other instruments decrease in value. Further, underwriters and their respective affiliates may (on their own behalf as principals or for their clients) enter into credit derivative or other derivative transactions with other parties pursuant to which they sell or buy credit protection with respect to one or more of the certificates. The positions of the underwriters and their respective affiliates or their clients in such derivative transactions may increase in value if the certificates default or decrease in value. In conducting such activities, no underwriter or any of its related affiliates has any obligation to take into account the interests of the certificateholders or holders of companion interests or any possible effect that such activities could have on them. The underwriters and their respective affiliates and clients acting through them may execute such transactions, modify or terminate such derivative positions and otherwise act with respect to such transactions, and may exercise or enforce, or refrain from exercising or enforcing, any or all of their rights and powers in connection therewith, without regard to whether any such action might have an adverse effect on the certificates or the certificateholders or holders of companion interests.
In addition, the underwriters and their respective affiliates will have no obligation to monitor the performance of the certificates or the actions of the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor or the trustee and will have no authority to advise the master servicer, the special servicer, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor or the trustee or to direct their actions.
Furthermore, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may have ongoing relationships with, render services to, and engage in transactions with the borrowers, the sponsors, tenants at the mortgaged properties and their respective affiliates, which relationships and transactions may create conflicts of interest between the underwriters and their respective affiliates, on the one hand, and the issuing entity, on the other hand. See “Summary of the Prospectus Supplement —Relevant Parties and Dates—Affiliates” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in this prospectus supplement for a description of certain affiliations and relationships between the underwriters and other participants in this offering.
Each of the foregoing relationships should be considered carefully by you before you invest in any certificates.
[Potential Conflicts of Interest in the Selection of the Underlying Mortgage Loans
The anticipated initial investor (the “B-Piece Buyer”) in the [Class __], [Class __] and [Class __] certificates was given the opportunity by the sponsors to perform due diligence on the mortgage loans originally identified by the sponsors for inclusion in the issuing entity, and to request the removal, re-sizing or change in the expected repayment dates or other features of some or all of the assets. The asset pool as originally proposed by the sponsors was adjusted based on some of these requests.
We cannot assure you that you or another investor would have made the same requests to modify the original pool as the B-Piece Buyer or that the final pool as influenced by the B-Piece Buyer’s feedback will not adversely affect the performance of your certificates and benefit the performance of the B-Piece Buyer’s certificates. Because of the differing subordination levels, the B-Piece Buyer has interests that may, in some circumstances, differ from those of purchasers of other classes of certificates, and may desire a portfolio composition that benefits the B-Piece Buyer but that does not benefit other investors. In addition, the B-Piece Buyer may enter into hedging or other transactions or otherwise have business objectives that also could cause its interests with respect to the asset pool to diverge from those of other purchasers of the certificates. The B-Piece Buyer performed due diligence solely for its own benefit. The B-Piece Buyer has no liability to any person or entity for conducting its due diligence. Investors are not entitled to rely on in any way the B-Piece Buyer’s acceptance of a mortgage loan. The B-Piece Buyer’s acceptance of a mortgage loan does not constitute and may not be construed as an endorsement of such mortgage loan, the underwriting for such mortgage loan or the originator of such mortgage loan.
The B-Piece Buyer will constitute the initial directing holder, and thus would have certain rights to direct and consult with the special servicer as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Directing Holder” in this prospectus supplement.
Because the incentives and actions of the B-Piece Buyer may, in some circumstances, differ from or be adverse to those of purchasers of other classes of certificates, you are advised and encouraged to make your own investment
decision based on a careful review of the information set forth in this prospectus supplement and the prospectus and your own view of the asset pool.]
Related Parties May Acquire Certificates or Experience Other Conflicts
Related Parties’ Ownership of Certificates May Impact the Servicing of the Mortgage Loans and Affect Payments under the Certificates.
Affiliates of the depositor, the mortgage loan sellers, the master servicer or the special servicer may purchase a portion of the certificates. The purchase of certificates could cause a conflict between the master servicer’s or the special servicer’s duties to the trust under the pooling and servicing agreement and its interests as a holder of a certificate. In addition, the directing holder generally has the right to remove the special servicer and appoint a successor, which may be an affiliate of such holder. However, the pooling and servicing agreement provides that the mortgage loans are required to be administered in accordance with the servicing standard without regard to ownership of any certificate by the master servicer, the special servicer or any of their affiliates. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing of the Mortgage Loans; Collection of Payments” in this prospectus supplement.
Additionally, any of those parties may, especially if it or an affiliate holds a subordinate certificate, or has financial interests in or other financial dealings with a borrower or sponsor under any of the mortgage loans, have interests when dealing with the mortgage loans that are in conflict with those of holders of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement. For instance, if the special servicer or an affiliate holds a subordinate certificate, the special servicer could seek to reduce the potential for losses allocable to those certificates from a troubled mortgage loan by deferring acceleration in hope of maximizing future proceeds. The special servicer might also seek to reduce the potential for such losses by accelerating a mortgage loan earlier than necessary in order to avoid advance interest or additional trust fund expenses. Either action could result in fewer proceeds to the trust than would be realized if alternate action had been taken. In general, the servicers are not required to act in a manner more favorable to the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement or any particular class of certificates that are subordinate to the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement.
Conflicts of Interest May Arise in the Ordinary Course of the Servicers’ Businesses in Servicing the Mortgage Loans.
The master servicer and special servicer service and will, in the future, service, in the ordinary course of their respective businesses, existing and new loans for third parties, including portfolios of loans similar to the mortgage loans that will be included in the trust. The real properties securing these other loans may be in the same markets as, and compete with, certain of the real properties securing the mortgage loans that will be included in the trust. Consequently, personnel of the master servicer and the special servicer may perform services, on behalf of the trust, with respect to the mortgage loans at the same time as they are performing services, on behalf of other persons, with respect to other mortgage loans secured by properties that compete with the mortgaged properties securing the mortgage loans. This may pose inherent conflicts for the master servicer or the special servicer.
The activities of the mortgage loan sellers or their affiliates may involve properties that are in the same markets as the mortgaged properties underlying the certificates. In such cases, the interests of such mortgage loan sellers or such affiliates may differ from, and compete with, the interests of the trust, and decisions made with respect to those assets may adversely affect the amount and timing of distributions with respect to the certificates. Conflicts of interest may arise between the trust and a particular mortgage loan seller or its affiliates that engage in the acquisition, development, operation, financing and disposition of real estate if such mortgage loan seller acquires any certificates. In particular, if certificates held by a mortgage loan seller or an affiliate are part of a class that is or becomes the controlling class, the mortgage loan seller or its affiliate as a controlling class certificateholder would have the ability to influence certain actions of the special servicer under circumstances where the interests of the trust conflict with the interests of the mortgage loan seller or its affiliates as acquirors, developers, operators, financers or sellers of real estate related assets.
Conflicts of Interest May Arise due to the Activities of the Mortgage Loan Sellers.
Certain of the mortgage loans included in the trust may have been refinancings of debt previously held by a mortgage loan seller or an affiliate of a mortgage loan seller and the mortgage loan sellers or their affiliates may have or have had equity investments in the borrowers (or in the owners of the borrowers) or properties under certain of the mortgage loans included in the trust. Each of the mortgage loan sellers and their affiliates have made and/or may make or have preferential rights to make loans to, or equity investments in, affiliates of the borrowers under the mortgage loans.
Conflicts of Interest May Arise due to Affiliations Between Certain Parties.
The [sponsor] [depositor] [issuing entity] is an affiliate of the [master servicer] [special servicer] [specify other servicer contemplated by Item 1108(a)(3) of Regulation AB] [trustee] [specify originator contemplated by Item 1110 of Regulation AB] [specify significant obligor contemplated by Item 1112 of Regulation AB] [specify enhancement, derivatives or support provider contemplated by Item 1114 or Item 1115 of Regulation AB] [specify other material parties related to the asset-backed securities.] [If applicable, provide the information required by Item 1119(b) of Regulation AB with respect to business relationships, etc. outside the ordinary course of business or not on arm’s length basis between the [sponsor] [depositor] [issuing entity] and any of the other parties listed in the preceding sentence or their affiliates that exist currently or existed within the past two years, if material to an understanding of the certificates.] [If applicable, provide the information specified in Item 1119(c) of Regulation AB regarding specific relationships relating to the transaction or the mortgage loans between the [sponsor] [depositor] [issuing entity] and any of the other parties listed above or their affiliates that exist currently or existed within the past two years, if material.]
Conflicts Between Managers and the Mortgage Loan Borrowers
A substantial number of the mortgaged properties are managed by property managers affiliated with the respective borrowers. In addition, substantially all of the property managers for the mortgaged properties (or their affiliates) manage additional properties, including properties that may compete with the mortgaged properties. Affiliates of the managers, and certain of the managers themselves, also may own other properties, including competing properties. The managers of the mortgaged properties may accordingly experience conflicts of interest in the management of such mortgaged properties.
Risks Related to the Offered Certificates
Risks Related to Prepayments and Repurchases of Mortgage Loans
The yield to maturity on your certificates will depend, in significant part, upon the rate and timing of principal payments on the mortgage loans. For this purpose, principal payments include both voluntary prepayments, if permitted, and involuntary prepayments, such as prepayments resulting from casualty or condemnation of mortgaged properties, defaults and liquidations by borrowers, or repurchases upon a mortgage loan seller’s breach of representations or warranties, the exercise of a purchase option by a mezzanine lender, a subordinate loan noteholder or other party with such option.
The investment performance of your certificates may vary materially and adversely from your expectations if the actual rate of prepayment is higher or lower than you anticipate.
Any changes in the weighted average lives of your certificates may adversely affect your yield. Prepayments resulting in a shortening of weighted average lives of your certificates may be made at a time of low interest rates when you may be unable to reinvest the resulting payment of principal on your certificates at a rate comparable to the effective yield anticipated by you in making your investment in the certificates, while delays and extensions resulting in a lengthening of those weighted average lives may occur at a time of high interest rates when you may have been able to reinvest principal payments that would otherwise have been received by you at higher rates.
In addition, the extent to which prepayments on the mortgage loans in the issuing entity ultimately affect the weighted average life of the certificates will depend on the terms of the certificates, more particularly:
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a class of certificates that entitles the holders of those certificates to a disproportionately larger share of the prepayments on the mortgage loans increases the “call risk” or the likelihood of early retirement of that class if the rate of prepayment is relatively fast; and
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a class of certificates that entitles the holders of the certificates to a disproportionately smaller share of the prepayments on the mortgage loans increases the likelihood of “extension risk” or an extended average life of that class if the rate of prepayment is relatively slow.
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Voluntary prepayments under certain mortgage loans may require payment of a yield maintenance charge unless the prepayment is made within a specified number of days of the stated maturity date. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans—Prepayment Provisions” and “—Property Releases” in this prospectus supplement. Nevertheless, there is no assurance that the related borrowers will refrain from prepaying their mortgage loans due to the existence of a yield maintenance charge or a prepayment premium. There is no assurance that involuntary prepayments will not occur. The rate at which voluntary prepayments occur on the mortgage loans will be affected by a variety of factors, including:
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the terms of the mortgage loans;
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the length of any prepayment lock-out period;
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the level of prevailing interest rates;
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the availability of mortgage credit;
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the applicable yield maintenance charges or prepayment premiums;
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the master servicer’s or special servicer’s ability to enforce those charges or premiums;
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the occurrence of casualties or natural disasters; and
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economic, demographic, tax, legal or other factors.
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Generally, no yield maintenance charge or prepayment premium will be required for partial or full prepayments in connection with a casualty or condemnation (regardless of whether the source of such prepayment includes funds of the borrower in addition to the casualty or condemnation proceeds) unless, in the case of certain of the mortgage loans, an event of default has occurred and is continuing. In addition, if a mortgage loan seller repurchases any mortgage loan from the trust due to a breach of a representation or warranty or as a result of a document defect in the related mortgage file or a mezzanine lender, subordinate noteholder or subordinate companion loan holder exercises an option to purchase a mortgage loan under the circumstances set forth in the related mezzanine loan documents or intercreditor agreement, the repurchase price paid will be passed through to the holders of the certificates with the same effect as if the mortgage loan had been prepaid in part or in full, except that no prepayment premium or yield maintenance charge would be payable. Such a repurchase may therefore adversely affect the yield to maturity on your certificates.
The yield on any certificate offered in this prospectus supplement will depend on (i) the price at which such certificate is purchased by an investor and (ii) the rate, timing and amount of distributions on such certificate. The rate, timing and amount of distributions on any certificate will, in turn, depend on, among other things:
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the interest rate for such certificate;
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the rate and timing of principal payments (including principal prepayments) and other principal collections on or in respect of the mortgage loans and the extent to which such amounts are to be applied or otherwise result in a reduction of the certificate balance of such certificate;
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the rate, timing and severity of losses on or in respect of the mortgage loans or unanticipated expenses of the trust;
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the timing and severity of any interest shortfalls resulting from prepayments;
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the timing and severity of any appraisal reductions; and
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the extent to which prepayment premiums are collected and, in turn, distributed on such certificate.
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The investment performance of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement may be materially different from what you expected if the assumptions you made with respect to the factors listed above are incorrect.
[In particular, because the notional amount of the Class [X-P] certificates is based upon a portion of certain of the outstanding certificate balance of certain classes of the certificates, the yield to maturity on the Class [X-P] certificates will be extremely sensitive to the rate and timing of prepayments of principal, liquidations and principal losses. Also, a rapid rate of principal prepayments, liquidations and/or principal losses could result in the failure to recoup the initial investment in the Class [X-P] certificates. ]
[The yield on any class of certificates whose pass-through rate is affected by the weighted average net mortgage interest rate could also be adversely affected if mortgage loans with higher interest rates pay faster than the mortgage loans with lower interest rates, since those classes bear interest at a rate limited by the weighted average net mortgage interest rate of the mortgage loans. The pass-through rates on such certificates may be limited by the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the mortgage loans even if principal prepayments do not occur.]
Optional Early Termination of the Trust May Result in an Adverse Impact on Your Yield or May Result in a Loss
The certificates will be subject to optional early termination by means of the purchase of the mortgage loans in the trust. We cannot assure you that the proceeds from a sale of the mortgage loans and/or REO properties will be sufficient to distribute the outstanding certificate principal amount plus accrued interest and any undistributed shortfalls in interest accrued on the certificates that are subject to the termination. Accordingly, the holders of certificates affected by such a termination may suffer an adverse impact on the overall yield on their certificates, may experience repayment of their investment at an unpredictable and inopportune time or may even incur a loss on their investment. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Optional Termination” in this prospectus supplement.
The Mortgage Loan Seller May Not Be Able To Make a Required Repurchase or Substitution of a Defective Mortgage Loan
Each mortgage loan seller is the sole warranting party in respect of the related mortgage loans sold by it to us. Neither we nor any of our affiliates (except, in certain circumstances, for German American Capital Corporation, solely in its capacity as the mortgage loan seller) are obligated to repurchase or substitute any mortgage loan in connection with either a material breach of the mortgage loan seller’s representations and warranties or any material document defects, if such mortgage loan seller defaults on its obligation to do so. Any mortgage loan that is not repurchased or substituted and that is not a “qualified mortgage” for a REMIC may cause designated portions of the trust fund to fail to qualify as one or more REMICs or cause the trust fund to incur a tax. See “The Sponsor[s], Mortgage Loan Seller[s] and Originator[s]” and “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Representations and Warranties; Repurchase; Substitution” in this prospectus supplement.
Any Loss of Value Payment Made by a Mortgage Loan Seller May Prove To Be Insufficient to Cover All Losses on a Defective Mortgage Loan
In lieu of repurchasing or substituting a mortgage loan in connection with either a material breach of the mortgage loan seller’s representations and warranties or any material document defects (other than a material breach that is related to a mortgage loan not being a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3)), the related mortgage loan seller may make a Loss of Value Payment to the issuing entity. Upon its making such
payment, the mortgage loan seller will be deemed to have cured the related material breach or material defect in all respects. Although a Loss of Value Payment may only be made to the extent that the special servicer deems such amount to be sufficient to compensate the trust fund for the related material breach or material defect, there can be no assurance that such Loss of Value Payment will fully compensate the trust fund for such material breach or material defect in all respects. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Representations and Warranties; Repurchase; Substitution” in this prospectus supplement.
[The Depositable Certificates and the Exchangeable Certificates Are Subject to Additional Risks]
[The characteristics of the Class [PEZ] Certificates, which are referred to as exchangeable certificates will reflect the characteristics of the Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates, which are referred to as the depositable certificates. Investors should also consider a number of factors that will limit a certificateholder’s ability to exchange depositable certificates for exchangeable certificates and vice versa:
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At the time of the proposed exchange, a certificateholder must own certificates of the related class or classes of depositable or exchangeable certificates, as the case may be, in the proportions necessary to make the desired exchange (in each case, as reduced by principal distributions on the related classes of certificates).
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A certificateholder that does not own the necessary depositable or exchangeable certificates may be unable to obtain the desired related depositable certificates or exchangeable certificates.
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Another certificateholder may refuse to sell its certificates at a reasonable (or any price) or may be unable to sell them, or certificates may have been purchased or placed into other financial structures and thus may be unavailable, and such circumstances may prevent you from obtaining depositable or exchangeable certificates in the proportions necessary to effect an exchange.
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Principal distributions will decrease the amounts of depositable and exchangeable certificates that are available for exchange over time.
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Only the combinations of depositable and exchangeable certificates listed on Appendix D to this prospectus supplement are permitted.
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You must own both Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates to participate in an exchange and receive the proportionate amount of Class [PEZ] Certificates.
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You must own the necessary amount of Class [PEZ] Certificates to participate in an exchange and receive the proportionate amount of Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates.
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You will only receive Class [PEZ] Certificates in connection with an exchange of the specified proportions of Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates, and if you exchange Class [PEZ] Certificates, you will only receive the corresponding proportions of Class [_] and Class [_] Certificates.
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See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates” in this prospectus supplement and “Description of the Certificates—Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates” in the accompanying prospectus for further details.]
Risks Related to Borrower Default
The rate and timing of delinquencies or defaults on the mortgage loans will affect:
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the aggregate amount of distributions on the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement;
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their yield to maturity;
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the rate of principal payments; and
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their weighted average life.
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Unless your certificates are Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A] or Class [A-5B] Certificates, and with respect to interest-only Class [X-P] Certificates, your right to receive certain payments of principal and interest otherwise payable on your certificates will be subordinated to such rights of the holders of the more senior certificates and to such rights of the holders of the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions” in this prospectus supplement. Losses on the mortgage loans will be allocated to the Class [P], Class [O], Class [N], Class [M], Class [L], Class [K], Class [J], Class [H], Class [G], Class [F], Class [E], Class [D], Class [C], Class [B] and Class [A-J] Certificates, in that order, reducing amounts otherwise payable to each class. Any remaining losses will then be allocated to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB] and Class [A-5] Certificates, pro rata, and with respect to interest losses only, the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates based on their respective entitlements, provided that losses allocated to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5B] Certificates until they are reduced to zero and then to the Class [A-5A] Certificates until they are reduced to zero.
Each class of certificates (other than the Class [P], Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates) is senior to certain other classes of certificates in respect of the right to receive distributions and the allocation of losses. If losses on the mortgage loans exceed the aggregate principal amount of the classes of certificates subordinated to such class, that class will suffer a loss equal to the full amount of such excess (up to the outstanding certificate balance of such class).
If you calculate your anticipated yield based on assumed rates of default and losses that are lower than the default rate and losses actually experienced and such losses are allocable to your certificates, your actual yield to maturity will be lower than the assumed yield. Under certain extreme scenarios, such yield could be negative. In general, the earlier a loss borne by your certificates occurs, the greater the effect on your yield to maturity.
Even if losses on the mortgage loans are not borne by your certificates, those losses may affect the weighted average life and yield to maturity of your certificates. This may be so because those losses cause your certificates to have a higher percentage ownership interest in the trust (and therefore related distributions of principal payments on the mortgage loans) than would otherwise have been the case. The effect on the weighted average life and yield to maturity of your certificates will depend upon the characteristics of the remaining mortgage loans.
Additionally, delinquencies and defaults on the mortgage loans may significantly delay the receipt of distributions by you on your certificates, unless principal and interest advances are made to cover delinquent payments or the subordination of another class of certificates fully offsets the effects of any such delinquency or default.
Risks Related to Certain Payments
To the extent described in this prospectus supplement, the master servicer, the special servicer or the trustee [or fiscal agent], as applicable, will be entitled to receive interest on unreimbursed advances. This interest will generally accrue from the date on which the related advance is made or the related expense is incurred to the date of reimbursement. In addition, under certain circumstances, including delinquencies in the payment of principal and interest, a mortgage loan will be specially serviced, and the special servicer will be entitled to compensation for special servicing activities. The right to receive interest on advances or special servicing compensation is senior to the rights of certificateholders to receive distributions and may lead to shortfalls in amounts otherwise distributable on your certificates.
Subject to certain conditions, the master servicer is entitled, under the pooling and servicing agreement, to receive, or to assign a portion of their master servicing fee referred to as the excess servicing strip. If a master servicer resigns or is terminated as master servicer, it (or its assignee) will continue to be entitled to receive the excess servicing strip and will be paid that excess servicing strip (except to the extent that any portion of that excess servicing strip is needed to compensate any successor master servicer for assuming the duties of the resigning or terminated master servicer for the mortgage loans that it is servicing under the pooling and servicing agreement). There can be no assurance that following any resignation or termination of a master servicer, (a) any holder of the excess servicing strip would dispute the trustee’s determination that any portion of the excess servicing strip was necessary to compensate a successor master servicer or (b) the ability of the trustee to successfully recapture the
excess servicing strip or any portion of that strip from any holder of the excess servicing strip, in particular if that holder were the subject of a bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding.
Risks of Limited Liquidity and Market Value
There is currently no secondary market for the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement. While the underwriters have advised that they currently intend to make a secondary market in the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement, they are under no obligation to do so. There is no assurance that a secondary market for the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement will develop. Moreover, if a secondary market does develop, we cannot assure you that it will provide you with liquidity of investment or that it will continue for the life of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement. The certificates offered in this prospectus supplement will not be listed on any securities exchange. Lack of liquidity could result in a precipitous drop in the market value of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement. In addition, the market value of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement at any time may be affected by many factors, including then prevailing interest rates, and no representation is made by any person or entity as to the market value of any certificates offered in this prospectus supplement at any time.
The Limited Nature of Ongoing Information May Make It Difficult for You To Resell Your Certificates
The primary source of ongoing information regarding your certificates, including information regarding the status of the related assets of the issuing entity, will be the periodic reports delivered by the certificate administrator described in this prospectus supplement under the heading “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Reports to Certificateholders; Available Information.” We cannot assure you that any additional ongoing information regarding your certificates will be available through any other source. In addition, the depositor is not aware of any source through which price information about the certificates will be generally available on an ongoing basis. The limited nature of the information regarding the certificates may adversely affect the liquidity of the certificates, even if a secondary market for the certificates becomes available.
Risks Related to Factors Unrelated to the Performance of the Certificates and the Mortgage Loans, Such as Fluctuations in Interest Rates and the Supply and Demand of CMBS Generally
The market value of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement can decline even if those certificates and the mortgage loans are performing at or above your expectations.
The market value of the offered certificates will be sensitive to fluctuations in current interest rates. However, a change in the market value of the offered certificates as a result of an upward or downward movement in current interest rates may not equal the change in the market value of the offered certificates as a result of an equal but opposite movement in interest rates.
The market value of the offered certificates will also be influenced by the supply of and demand for commercial mortgage-backed securities generally. The supply of commercial mortgage-backed securities will depend on, among other things, the amount of commercial and multifamily mortgage loans, whether newly originated or held in portfolio, that are available for securitization. A number of factors will affect investors’ demand for commercial mortgage-backed securities, including:
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the availability of alternative investments that offer higher yields or are perceived as being a better credit risk, having a less volatile market value or being more liquid;
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legal and other restrictions that prohibit a particular entity from investing in commercial mortgage-backed securities or limit the amount or types of commercial mortgage-backed securities that it may acquire;
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investors’ perceptions regarding the commercial and multifamily real estate markets, which may be adversely affected by, among other things, a decline in real estate values or an increase in defaults and foreclosures on mortgage loans secured by income producing properties; and
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investors’ perceptions regarding the capital markets in general, which may be adversely affected by political, social and economic events completely unrelated to the commercial and multifamily real estate markets.
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If you decide to sell any certificates offered by this prospectus supplement, the ability to sell those certificates will depend on, among other things, whether and to what extent a secondary market then exists for such certificates, and you may have to sell at discount from the price you paid for reasons unrelated to the performance of the certificates or the mortgage loans. Pricing information regarding the certificates may not be generally available on an ongoing basis or on any particular date.
Subordination of Subordinate Offered Certificates
As described in this prospectus supplement, unless your certificates are the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5] or, with respect to interest-only, Class [X-P] Certificates, your rights to receive distributions of amounts collected or advanced on or in respect of the mortgage loans will be subordinated to those of the holders of the certificates with an earlier alphabetical designation (or in the case of the Class [A-J] Certificates, to the rights of the holders of the foregoing specified classes) and the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates, provided that interest and principal, if applicable, distributed to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates up to their entitlement and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates up to their entitlement. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions” and “—Subordination” in this prospectus supplement.
If you purchase any certificates that are subordinate to one or more other classes of certificates of the same series, then your certificates will provide credit support to such other classes of certificates of the same series that are senior to your certificates. As a result, you will receive payments after, and must bear the effects of losses on the related trust assets before, the holders of those other classes of certificates of the same series that are senior to your certificates.
When making an investment decision, you should consider, among other things:
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the payment priorities of the respective classes of the certificates of the same series,
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the order in which the principal balances of the respective classes of the certificates of the same series with balances will be reduced in connection with losses and default-related shortfalls, and
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the characteristics and quality of the trust assets in the trust.
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Credit Support May Not Cover All Types of Losses
Use of credit support will be subject to the conditions and limitations described in this prospectus supplement. Moreover, such credit support may not cover all potential losses or risks. For example, credit support may or may not cover loss by reason of fraud or negligence by a mortgage loan originator or other parties. Any losses not covered by credit support may, at least in part, be allocated to one or more classes of your certificates.
Disproportionate Benefits May Be Given to Certain Classes and Series
Although subordination is intended to reduce the likelihood of temporary shortfalls and ultimate losses to holders of senior certificates, the amount of subordination will be limited and may decline under certain circumstances. In addition, if principal payments on one or more classes of certificates of a series are made in a specified order of priority, any related credit support may be exhausted before the principal of the later-paid classes of certificates of such series has been repaid in full. As a result, the impact of losses and shortfalls experienced with respect to the mortgage loans may fall primarily upon such later-paid classes of subordinate certificates.
The Amount of Credit Support Will Be Limited
The amount of any applicable credit support supporting one or more classes of certificates, including the subordination of one or more other classes of certificates, will be determined on the basis of criteria established by
each rating agency rating such classes of certificates based on an assumed level of defaults, delinquencies and losses on the underlying mortgage loans and certain other factors. However, we can not assure you that the loss experienced on the related mortgage loans will not exceed such assumed levels. See “Description of the Certificates—General” and “—Subordination” in this prospectus supplement. If the losses on the related mortgage loans do exceed such assumed levels, you may be required to bear such additional losses.
Recent Changes to Accounting Standards Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Certificates
We make no representation or warranty regarding any accounting implications related to the certificates. Recently, the Financial Accounting Standards Board has adopted changes to the accounting standards for structured products that are effective as of the start of the first fiscal year that began after December 15, 2009. These changes, or any other future changes, may impact the accounting for entities such as the trust and could require the trust to be consolidated in an investor’s financial statements. Each investor in the certificates should consult its accounting advisor to determine the impact these accounting changes might have as a result of an investment in the certificates.
The certificates will represent interests solely in the assets of the trust and will not represent an interest in or an obligation of any other entity or person. Distributions on any of the certificates will depend solely on the amount and timing of payments on the mortgage loans.
Risks Relating to Lack of Certificateholder Control Over Trust
You generally do not have a right to vote, except with respect to certain amendments to the pooling and servicing agreement. Furthermore, you will generally not have the right to make decisions concerning trust administration. The pooling and servicing agreement gives the master servicer, the special servicer, the trustee, the certificate administrator or the REMIC administrator, as applicable, certain decision-making authority concerning trust administration. These parties may make decisions different from those that holders of any particular class of the certificates offered in this prospectus supplement would have made, and these decisions may negatively affect those holders’ interests.
Different Timing of Mortgage Loan Amortization Poses Certain Risks
As principal payments or prepayments are made on a mortgage loan that is part of a pool of loans, the pool may be subject to more risk with respect to the decreased diversity of mortgaged properties, types of mortgaged properties, geographic location and number of borrowers and affiliated borrowers, as described above under the heading “—Risks Related to the Mortgage Loans.” Classes that have a later sequential designation or a lower payment priority are more likely to be exposed to this concentration risk than are classes with an earlier sequential designation or higher priority. This is so because principal on the certificates is generally payable in sequential order, and no class entitled to distribution of principal generally receives principal until the principal amount of the preceding class or classes entitled to receive principal have been reduced to zero.
Ratings of the Certificates
The ratings assigned to the certificates by the rating agencies are based, among other things, on the economic characteristics of the mortgaged properties and other relevant structural features of the transaction. A security rating does not represent any assessment of the yield to maturity that a certificateholder may experience. The ratings assigned to the certificates reflect only the views of the respective rating agencies as of the date such ratings were issued. Future events could have an adverse impact on such ratings. The ratings may be reviewed, revised, suspended, downgraded, qualified or withdrawn entirely by the applicable rating agency as a result of changes in or unavailability of information. The ratings do not consider to what extent the certificates will be subject to prepayment or that the outstanding principal amount of any class of certificates will be prepaid.
Furthermore, the amount, type and nature of credit support, if any, provided with respect to the certificates was determined on the basis of criteria established by each rating agency. These criteria are sometimes based upon analysis of the behavior of mortgage loans in a larger group. However, we cannot assure you that the historical data
supporting that analysis will accurately reflect future experience, or that the data derived from a large pool of mortgage loans will accurately predict the delinquency, foreclosure or loss experience of the mortgage loans in the issuing entity. As evidenced by the significant amount of downgrades, qualifications and withdrawals of ratings assigned to previously issued CMBS during the recent credit crisis, the rating agencies’ assumptions regarding the performance of the mortgage loans related to such CMBS were not, in all cases, correct.
We are not obligated to maintain any particular rating with respect to any class of certificates. Changes affecting the mortgaged properties, the sponsors, the trustee, the certificate administrator, the operating advisor, the master servicer, the special servicer or another person may have an adverse effect on the ratings of the certificates, and thus on the market value of the certificates, although such adverse changes would not necessarily be an event of default under any Mortgage Loan. See “Ratings” in this prospectus supplement.
Further, any ratings downgrade of any class of certificates below an investment grade rating by the rating agencies could affect the ability of a benefit plan to purchase those certificates. See “ERISA Considerations” in this prospectus supplement.
The depositor has not requested a rating on the certificates from any rating agency other than [____________] and [____________]. There can be no assurance as to whether another rating agency will rate any class of certificates or, if it were to rate any class of certificates, what rating would be assigned by it. Additionally, other nationally recognized statistical ratings organizations that we have not engaged to rate the certificates may nevertheless issue unsolicited credit ratings on one or more classes of certificates relying on information they receive pursuant to Rule 17g-5 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. If any such unsolicited ratings are issued, we cannot assure you that they will not be different from those ratings assigned by [____________] or [____________]. The issuance of unsolicited ratings on one or more classes of the certificates that are different from the ratings assigned by [____________] or [____________] may impact the value of that class of certificates. As part of the process of obtaining ratings for the certificates, the depositor had initial discussions with and submitted certain materials to [____________], [____________] and certain other rating agencies. Based on preliminary feedback from those rating agencies at that time, the depositor selected [____________] and [____________] to rate the certificates and not the other rating agencies due in part to those agencies’ initial subordination levels for the various classes of certificates. Had the depositor selected such other rating agencies to rate the certificates, we cannot assure you as to the ratings that such other rating agencies would ultimately have assigned to the certificates. Although unsolicited ratings may be issued by any rating agency, a rating agency might be more likely to issue an unsolicited rating if it was not selected after having provided preliminary feedback to the depositor.
Furthermore, the Securities and Exchange Commission may determine that one or both of [____________] and [____________] no longer qualifies as a nationally recognized statistical ratings organization for purposes of federal securities laws and that determination may have an adverse effect on the market price of the certificates.
The “Risk Factors” section in the prospectus describes other risks and special considerations that may apply to your investment in the certificates.
THE SPONSOR[S], MORTGAGE LOAN SELLER[S] AND ORIGINATOR[S]
German American Capital Corporation
German American Capital Corporation (“GACC”) is a sponsor of this securitization transaction. GACC or an affiliate of GACC originated [or acquired] all of the GACC Loans and underwrote all of the GACC Loans in this transaction. GACC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank Americas Holding Corp., which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG, a German corporation. GACC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank Americas Holding Corp., which in turn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bank AG, a German corporation. GACC is an affiliate of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., one of the underwriters and the Depositor. The principal offices of GACC are located at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005. For more information regarding GACC, see “The Sponsor” in the prospectus.
GACC is engaged in the origination of commercial mortgage loans with the primary intent to sell the loans within a short period of time subsequent to origination into a commercial mortgage backed securities primary issuance securitization or through a sale of whole loan interests to third party investors. GACC originates loans primarily for securitization; however GACC also originates subordinate mortgage loans or subordinate participation interests in mortgage loans, and mezzanine loans (loans secured by equity interests in entities that own commercial real estate), for sale to third party investors.
GACC originates loans and aggregates and warehouses the loans pending sale via a commercial mortgage backed securities (“CMBS”) securitization.
GACC, through its wholly owned subsidiaries, Deutsche Bank Berkshire Mortgage, Inc. (“DBBM”) and DB Mortgage Services, LLC (“DBMS”), is one of the leading originators and seller servicers of agency (Fannie Mae, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal Housing Administration) commercial mortgage loans. DBBM is one of the largest originators, and DBMS is one of the largest servicers, in Fannie Mae’s DUS (Delegated Underwriting and Servicing) program. DBBM sells its loan originations in the form of certificates directly to third party investors at the time of loan origination.
GACC’s Securitization Program
GACC has been engaged as an originator and seller/contributor of loans into CMBS securitizations for approximately ten years.
GACC has been a seller of loans both into securitizations in the (i) “COMM” program, in which its affiliate Deutsche Mortgage and Asset Receiving Corporation (“DMARC”) is the depositor, (ii) into the “CD” program in which DMARC was the depositor on a rotating basis with Citigroup Commercial Mortgage Securities Inc., and (iii) into programs where third party entities, including affiliates of General Electric Capital Corporation, Capmark Finance Inc. (formerly GMAC Commercial Mortgage Corporation) and others, have acted as depositors.
Under the COMM name, GACC has two primary securitization programs, the COMM FL program, into which large floating rate commercial mortgage loans are securitized, and the COMM Conduit/Fusion program, into which both fixed rate conduit loans and large loans are securitized.
GACC originates both fixed rate and floating rate commercial mortgage loans backed by a range of commercial real estate properties including office buildings, apartments, shopping malls, hotels, and industrial/warehouse properties. The total amount of loans securitized by GACC during the past 4 years ending [________], is approximately $[___] billion.
Generally, GACC has not purchased significant amounts of mortgage loans for securitization; however it has purchased loans for securitization in the past and it may elect to purchase loans for securitization in the future. In the event GACC purchases loans for securitization, GACC will either re-underwrite the mortgage loans it purchases, or perform other procedures to ascertain the quality of such loans, which procedures will be subject to approval by credit risk management officers.
In coordination with Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and other underwriters, GACC works with rating agencies, other loan sellers, servicers and investors in structuring a securitization transaction to maximize the overall value and capital structure, taking into account numerous factors, including without limitation geographic and property type diversity and rating agency criteria.
For the most part, GACC relies on independent rated third parties to service loans held pending sale or securitization. It maintains interim servicing agreements with large, institutional commercial mortgage loan servicers who are highly rated by the rating agencies. Periodic financial review and analysis, including monitoring of ratings, of each of the servicers with which GACC has servicing arrangements is conducted under the purview of loan underwriting personnel.
[Pursuant to Item 1117 of Regulation AB, provide a brief description of any legal proceedings pending against the Sponsor, or of which any property of the foregoing is the subject, that is material to Certificateholders; include similar information as to any such proceedings known to be contemplated by governmental authorities.]
[Insert disclosure pursuant to Item 1119 of Regulation AB with respect to the Sponsor and certain affiliations, relationships and related transactions with other transaction parties.]
Review of GACC Mortgage Loans
Overview. GACC, in its capacity as the Sponsor of the GACC Mortgage Loans, has conducted a review of the GACC Mortgage Loans in connection with the securitization described in this prospectus supplement. The review of the GACC Mortgage Loans was performed by a deal team comprised of real estate and securitization professionals who are employees of one or more of GACC’s affiliates (the “GACC Deal Team”). The review procedures described below were employed with respect to all of the GACC Mortgage Loans, except that certain review procedures only were relevant to the large loan disclosures in this prospectus supplement, as further described below. No sampling procedures were used in the review process.
Data Tape. To prepare for securitization, members of the GACC Deal Team created a data tape (the “GACC Data Tape”) containing detailed loan-level and property-level information regarding each GACC Mortgage Loan. The GACC Data Tape was compiled from, among other sources, the related Mortgage Loan documents, appraisals, environmental reports, seismic reports, property condition reports, zoning reports, insurance policies, borrower supplied information (including, but not limited to, rent rolls, leases, operating statements and budgets) and information collected by the GACC during the underwriting process. After origination of each GACC Mortgage Loan, the GACC Deal Team updated the information in the GACC Data Tape with respect to the GACC Mortgage Loan based on updates provided by the related loan servicer relating to loan payment status and escrows, updated operating statements, rent rolls and leasing activity, and information otherwise brought to the attention of the GACC Deal Team. The GACC Data Tape was used by the GACC Deal Team to provide the numerical information regarding the GACC Mortgage Loans in this prospectus supplement.
Data Comparison and Recalculation. The Depositor, on behalf of GACC, engaged a third party accounting firm to perform certain data comparison and recalculation procedures designed by GACC, relating to information in this prospectus supplement regarding the GACC Mortgage Loans. These procedures included:
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comparing the information in the GACC Data Tape against various source documents provided by GACC that are described above under “—Data Tape”;
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comparing numerical information regarding the GACC Mortgage Loans and the related Mortgaged Properties disclosed in this prospectus supplement against the GACC Data Tape; and
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recalculating certain percentages, ratios and other formulae relating to the GACC Mortgage Loans disclosed in this prospectus supplement.
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Legal Review. GACC engaged various law firms to conduct certain legal reviews of the GACC Mortgage Loans for disclosure in this prospectus supplement. In anticipation of the securitization of each GACC Mortgage Loan originated by GACC, origination counsel prepared a loan summary that sets forth salient loan terms and summarizes material deviations from GACC’s standard form loan documents. In addition, origination counsel for each GACC Mortgage Loan reviewed GACC’s representations and warranties set forth on Annex F to this prospectus supplement and, if applicable, identified exceptions to those representations and warranties.
Securitization counsel was also engaged to assist in the review of the GACC Mortgage Loans. Such assistance included, among other things, (i) a review of sections of the loan documents that deviate materially from GACC’s standard form document, (ii) a review of the loan summaries referred to above relating to the GACC Mortgage Loans prepared by origination counsel, and (iii) a review of a due diligence questionnaire completed by the origination counsel. Securitization counsel also reviewed the property release provisions (other than the partial defeasance provisions), if any, for each GACC Mortgage Loan with multiple Mortgaged Properties or, to the extent identified by origination counsel, for each GACC Mortgage Loan with permitted outparcel releases or similar releases for compliance with the REMIC provisions.
GACC prepared, and reviewed with originating counsel and/or securitization counsel, the loan summaries for those of the GACC Mortgage Loans included in the 10 largest Mortgage Loans or groups of cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans in the mortgage pool, and the abbreviated loan summaries for those of the GACC Mortgage Loans
included in the next 10 largest Mortgage Loans or groups of cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans in the mortgage pool, which loan summaries and abbreviated loan summaries are incorporated in “Annex B—Description of the Top 20 Mortgage Loans or Groups of Cross-Collateralized Mortgage Loans” to this prospectus supplement.
Other Review Procedures. With respect to any pending litigation that existed at the origination of any GACC Mortgage Loan, GACC requested updates from the related borrower, origination counsel and/or borrower’s litigation counsel. In connection with the origination of each GACC Mortgage Loan, GACC, together with origination counsel, conducted a search with respect to each borrower under the related GACC Mortgage Loan to determine whether it filed for bankruptcy. If GACC became aware of a significant natural disaster in the vicinity of any Mortgaged Property securing a GACC Mortgage Loan, GACC obtained information on the status of the Mortgaged Property from the related borrower to confirm no material damage to the Mortgaged Property.
With respect to the GACC Mortgage Loans originated by GACC, the GACC Deal Team also consulted with the applicable GACC Mortgage Loan origination team to confirm that the GACC Mortgage Loans were originated in compliance with the origination and underwriting criteria described below under “—GACC’s Underwriting Standards,” as well as to identify any material deviations from those origination and underwriting criteria. See “—GACC’s Underwriting Standards—Exceptions” below.
Findings and Conclusions. Based on the foregoing review procedures, GACC determined that the disclosure regarding the GACC Mortgage Loans in this prospectus supplement is accurate in all material respects. GACC also determined that the GACC Mortgage Loans were originated in accordance with GACC’s origination procedures and underwriting criteria, except as described below under “—GACC’s Underwriting Standards—Exceptions.” GACC attributes to itself all findings and conclusions resulting from the foregoing review procedures.
GACC’s Underwriting Standards
General. GACC originates loans located in the United States that are secured by retail, multifamily, office, hotel, industrial/warehouse and self-storage properties. All of the mortgage loans originated by GACC generally are originated in accordance with the underwriting criteria described below. However, each lending situation is unique, and the facts and circumstance surrounding the mortgage loan, such as the quality and location of the real estate, the sponsorship of the borrower and the tenancy of the property, will impact the extent to which the general guidelines below are applied to a specific loan. This underwriting criteria is general, and there is no assurance that every mortgage loan will conform in all respects with the guidelines.
Loan Analysis. In connection with the origination of mortgage loans, GACC conducts an extensive review of the related mortgaged property, including an analysis of the appraisal, environmental report, property operating statements, financial data, rent rolls and related information or statements of occupancy rates provided by the borrower and, with respect to the mortgage loans secured by retail and office properties, certain major tenant leases and the tenant’s credit. Generally, borrowers are required to be single purpose entities which do not have a credit history; therefore, the financial strength and character of certain of the borrower’s key principals is examined prior to approval of the mortgage loan through a review of available financial statements and public records searches. A member of the GACC underwriting or due diligence team, or a consultant or other designee, visits the mortgaged property for a site inspection to confirm the occupancy rates of the mortgaged property, and analyzes the mortgaged property’s sub-market and the utility of the mortgaged property within the sub-market. Unless otherwise specified herein, all financial, occupancy and other information contained herein is based on such information and there can be no assurance that such financial, occupancy and other information remains accurate.
Loan Approval. Prior to loan origination and closing, all mortgage loans must be approved by credit risk management officers (the number of which varies by loan size) in accordance with its credit policies. The credit risk management officers may approve a mortgage loan as recommended, request additional due diligence, modify the loan terms or decline a loan transaction.
Debt Service Coverage Ratio and LTV Ratio. GACC’s underwriting standards as applied to first mortgage liens generally require, as stabilized operating performance the following minimum debt service coverage ratios and maximum LTV Ratios for each of the indicated property types:
Office
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1.30x
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75%
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Retail
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1.30x
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75%
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Multifamily
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1.20x
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75%
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Manufactured Housing
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1.25x
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70%
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Industrial/Warehouse
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1.25x
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70%
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Self-Storage
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1.25x
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70%
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Hospitality
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1.50x
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65%
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The debt service coverage ratio guidelines listed above are calculated based on underwritten net cash flow at origination. Therefore, the debt service coverage ratio for each Mortgage Loan as reported in the prospectus supplement may differ from the amount calculated at the time of origination and may be based on, for example, a net funded amount where a holdback reserve is held by the lender pending some future event. In addition, with respect to certain mortgage loans originated by GACC there may exist subordinate debt secured by the related mortgaged property and/or mezzanine debt secured by direct or indirect ownership interests in the borrower. Such mortgage loans may have a lower debt service coverage ratio, and a higher LTV Ratio, if such subordinate or mezzanine debt is taken into account. In addition, GACC’s underwriting guidelines generally permit a maximum amortization period of 30 years. However, the mortgage loans originated by GACC may provide for interest only payments until maturity, or for a specified period. With respect to interest only loans, such loans are generally underwritten to a minimum debt service coverage ratio of 1.20x and a maximum LTV Ratio of 80% on all property types. Moreover, in certain circumstances the actual debt service coverage ratios and loan-to-value ratios for the mortgage loans originated or purchased by GACC and its affiliates may vary from the guidelines above, based on asset quality, sponsor equity, loan structure and other factors. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool” in the prospectus supplement and Annex A-1 to the prospectus supplement.
Escrow Requirements. GACC generally requires a borrower to fund various escrows for taxes and insurance, replacement reserves, re-tenanting expenses and capital expenses, in some cases only during periods when certain debt service coverage ratio tests are not satisfied. In most cases where the property is covered by blanket insurance, insurance reserves will not be required. In certain cases where the loan sponsor is an investment grade entity, GACC may waive all escrow requirements. In some cases, the borrower is permitted to post a letter of credit or guaranty in lieu of funding a given reserve or escrow. Generally, the required escrows for mortgage loans originated by GACC are as follows:
Taxes and Insurance — Typically, an initial deposit and monthly escrow deposits equal to 1/12 of the annual property taxes (based on the most recent property assessment and the current millage rate) and annual insurance premiums are required in order to provide lender with sufficient funds to satisfy all taxes and insurance bills prior to their respective due dates.
Replacement Reserves — Monthly deposits generally based on the greater of the amount recommended pursuant to a building condition report prepared for GACC or the following minimum amounts:
Office
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$0.25 per square foot
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Retail
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$0.20 per square foot of in-line space
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Multifamily
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$250 per unit
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Manufactured housing
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$50 per pad
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Industrial/Warehouse
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$0.10 per square foot
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Self storage
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$0.15 per square foot
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Hospitality
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4% of gross revenue
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Re-tenanting — Certain major tenants and a significant number of smaller tenants may have lease expirations within the loan term. To mitigate this risk, reserves may be established to be funded either at closing and/or during the loan term to cover certain anticipated leasing commissions and/or tenant improvement costs which may be associated with re-leasing the space occupied by these tenants.
Deferred Maintenance/Environmental Remediation — Generally, an initial deposit is required upon funding of the mortgage loan, in an amount equal to at least 125% of the estimated costs of the recommended substantial repairs or replacements pursuant to the building condition report completed by a licensed third-party engineer and the estimated costs of environmental remediation expenses as recommended by an independent environmental
assessment. In some cases, borrowers are permitted to substitute environmental insurance policies, guarantees or other credit support in lieu of reserves for environmental remediation.
Ground Rent — For properties that are subject to a ground lease, a reserve may be established to be funded either at closing and/or during the loan term to cover ground lease payments.
Third Party Reports. In connection with underwriting commercial mortgage loans, GACC generally will perform the procedures and obtain the third party reports or other documents described in the related Prospectus Supplement under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Underwriting Matters.”
GACC’s Underwriting Standards – Exceptions
[If applicable, add disclosure required by Item 1111(a)(8) of Regulation AB] [Describe the nature of any material exceptions granted by the GACC to its underwriting guidelines, including the number and percentage of loans with such exceptions.]
[Name of Other Sponsor[s]]
[If applicable, add disclosure required by Items 1104, 1117 and 1119 of Regulation AB with respect to any other sponsors.]
[Mortgage Loan Sellers (Other than Sponsors)]
[______ and _____ are also acting as sellers in this transaction. Each seller or its affiliate originated the mortgage loans as to which it is acting as seller[; except that ___% of the mortgage loans as to which ___ is acting as seller were originated by ___ and acquired from __ by such seller.] [____ originated 10% or more of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance.]
[Pursuant to Item 1117 of Regulation AB, provide a brief description of any legal proceedings pending against the Mortgage Loan Seller, or of which any property of the foregoing is the subject, that is material to Certificateholders; include similar information as to any such proceedings known to be contemplated by governmental authorities.]
[Insert disclosure pursuant to Item 1119 of Regulation AB with respect to the Mortgage Loan Seller and certain affiliations, relationships and related transactions with other transaction parties.]
[Additional Originators (Other than Sponsors)]
[For originators, other than the sponsors, that originated 10% or more of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, identify such originators].
[For originators, other than the sponsors, that originated 20% or more of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, add disclosure required by Item 1110 of Regulation AB, to the extent not covered above].
[Pursuant to Item 1117 of Regulation AB, provide a brief description of any legal proceedings pending against the Originator, or of which any property of the foregoing is the subject, that is material to Certificateholders; include similar information as to any such proceedings known to be contemplated by governmental authorities.]
[Insert disclosure pursuant to Item 1119 of Regulation AB with respect to the Originator and certain affiliations, relationships and related transactions with other transaction parties.]
A description of the underwriting standards of each other Mortgage Loan Seller [or Originator] that originated 20% or more of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance is set forth below.
[Insert description of underwriting standards of applicable Mortgage Loan Seller or Originator.]
THE DEPOSITOR
The Depositor is Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation. The Depositor is a special purpose corporation incorporated in the State of Delaware on March 22, 1996, for the purpose of engaging in the business, among other things, of acquiring and depositing mortgage assets in trust in exchange for certificates evidencing interest in such trusts and selling or otherwise distributing such certificates. The principal executive offices of the Depositor are located at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005. The telephone number is (212) 250-2500. The Depositor’s capitalization is nominal. All of the shares of capital stock of the Depositor are held by DB U.S. Financial Markets Holding Corporation.
The Depositor does not have, nor is it expected in the future to have, any significant assets and is not engaged in activities unrelated to the securitization of mortgage loans.
During the eight years ending [_________], the Depositor has acted as depositor with respect to public and private conduit or combined conduit/large loan commercial mortgage securitization transactions in an aggregate amount of approximately $[__] billion. GACC has acted as sponsor of such transactions and contributed a substantial portion of the mortgage loans in such transactions, with the remainder having been contributed by other third party loan sellers.
The Depositor will not have any business operations other than securitizing mortgage assets and related activities.
The Depositor has minimal ongoing duties with respect to the certificates and the mortgage loans. The Depositor’s duties pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement include, without limitation, (i) the duty to appoint a successor Trustee in the event of the resignation or removal of the Trustee, (ii) to provide information in its possession to the Certificate Administrator to the extent necessary to perform REMIC tax administration and to prepare disclosure required under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, (iii) to indemnify the Trustee, the Certificate Administrator and the Operating Advisor against certain expenses and liabilities resulting from the Depositor’s willful misconduct, bad faith, fraud or negligence, and (iv) to sign any distribution report on Form 10-D and current report on Form 8-K and annual report on Form 10-K, including the required certification therein under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, required to be filed by the Trust and review filings pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 prepared by the Certificate Administrator on behalf of the Trust. The Depositor is required under the underwriting agreement to indemnify the underwriters for certain securities law liabilities.
[Pursuant to Item 1117 of Regulation AB, provide a brief description of any legal proceedings pending against the Depositor, or of which any property of the foregoing is the subject, that is material to Certificateholders; include similar information as to any such proceedings known to be contemplated by governmental authorities.]
[Insert disclosure pursuant to Item 1119 of Regulation AB with respect to the Depositor and certain affiliations, relationships and related transactions with other transaction parties.]
THE ISSUING ENTITY
The issuing entity for the Certificates will be [Name of Trust] (the “Trust”). The Trust is a New York common law trust that will be formed on the closing date pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The only activities that the Trust may perform are those set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, which are generally limited to owning and administering the Mortgage Loans and any REO Property, disposing of defaulted Mortgage Loans and REO Property, issuing the Certificates, making distributions, providing reports to Certificateholders and the other activities described in this prospectus supplement. Accordingly, the Trust may not issue securities other than the Certificates, or invest in securities, other than investing funds in the Collection Account and other accounts maintained under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement in certain short-term high-quality investments. The Trust may not lend or borrow money, except that the Master Servicer and Trustee [and Fiscal Agent], if applicable, may make Advances to the Trust only to the extent it deems such Advances to be recoverable from the related Mortgage Loan; such Advances are intended to provide liquidity, rather than credit support. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement may be amended as set forth herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Amendments.” The Trust administers the Mortgage Loans through the Trustee, Certificate Administrator, Operating Advisor, Master
Servicer and Special Servicer. A discussion of the duties of the Trustee, the Certificate Administrator, the Operating Advisor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer, including any discretionary activities performed by each of them, is set forth in this prospectus supplement under “The Certificate Administrator and Custodian,” “The Operating Advisor,” “The Master Servicer,” “The Special Servicer,” “The Trustee” and “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement.”
The only assets of the Trust other than the Mortgage Loans and any REO Properties are the Collection Account and other accounts maintained pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the short-term investments in which funds in the Collection Account and other accounts are invested. [Specify other assets if applicable, e.g. swap agreement.] The Trust has no present liabilities, but has potential liability relating to ownership of the Mortgage Loans and any REO Properties, and indemnity obligations to the Trustee, Certificate Administrator, Operating Advisor, Master Servicer and Special Servicer. The fiscal year of the Trust is the calendar year. The Trust has no executive officers or Board of Directors. It acts through the Trustee, Certificate Administrator, Operating Advisor, Master Servicer and Special Servicer.
The Depositor is contributing the Mortgage Loans to the Trust. The Depositor is purchasing the Mortgage Loans from the Mortgage Loan Seller(s), as described herein under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Sale of the Mortgage Loans.”
[Expenses related to the selection and acquisition of the Mortgage Loans in the amount of $_____ will be paid from the proceeds of the offering of the Certificates. Expenses related to the selection and acquisition of the Mortgage Loans that are payable to the Sponsor, the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee, Paying Agent [and Fiscal Agent] from the offering proceeds are set forth in the table below.
Since the trust fund is a common law trust, it may not be eligible for relief under the United States Bankruptcy Code (the “Bankruptcy Code”), unless it can be characterized as a “business trust” for purposes of the Bankruptcy Code. Bankruptcy courts look at various considerations in making this determination, so it is not possible to predict with any certainty whether or not the trust would be characterized as a “business trust.” The Depositor has been formed to be a special purpose bankruptcy remote entity. In connection with the sale of the underlying Mortgage Loans from the Mortgage Loan Seller to the Depositor and from the Depositor to the Trust, legal opinions are required to be rendered to the effect that:
1. If such Mortgage Loan Seller were to become a debtor in a case under the Bankruptcy Code, a federal bankruptcy court, which acted reasonably and correctly applied the law to the facts as set forth in such legal opinion after full consideration of all relevant factors, would hold that the transfer of the Mortgage Loans from the Mortgage Loan Seller to the Depositor on the date of the opinion was a sale such that (i) Mortgage Loans and payments thereunder and identifiable proceeds thereof are not property of the estate of such Mortgage Loan Seller under Bankruptcy Code section 541 and (ii) the automatic stay arising pursuant to Bankruptcy Code section 362 upon the commencement of a bankruptcy case of the Mortgage Loan Seller is not applicable to payments on the Mortgage Loans.
2. If the Depositor were to become a debtor in a case under the Bankruptcy Code, a federal bankruptcy court, which acted reasonably and correctly applied the law to the facts as set forth in such legal opinion after full consideration of all relevant factors, would hold that the transfer of the Mortgage Loans from the Depositor to the Trust on the date of the opinion was a sale such that (i) the Mortgage Loans, and payments thereunder and identifiable proceeds thereof are not property of the estate of the Depositor under Bankruptcy Code section 541 and (ii) the automatic stay arising pursuant to Bankruptcy Code section 362 upon the commencement of a bankruptcy case of the Depositor is not applicable to payments on the Certificates.
Such legal opinions are based on numerous assumptions, and there can be no assurance that all of such assumed facts are true, or will continue to be true. Moreover, there can be no assurance that a court would rule as anticipated in the foregoing legal opinions. Accordingly, although the Depositor has been structured as a bankruptcy remote entity, and the transfer of the Mortgage Loans from each Mortgage Loan Seller to the Depositor and from the
Depositor to the Trust has been structured as a sale, there can be no assurance that the Depositor will not be subject to a bankruptcy proceeding or that the sale of the Mortgage Loans will not be recharacterized as a pledge, with the result that the Depositor or Trust is deemed to be a creditor of the related Mortgage Loan Seller rather than an owner of the Mortgage Loans. See “Risk Factors—The Sellers of The Mortgage Loans Are Subject To Bankruptcy Or Insolvency Laws That May Affect the Trust’s Ownership Of Mortgage Loans.”
THE SERVICERS
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides for the appointment of both a Master Servicer and a Special Servicer. Each of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer will be required to service and administer the Mortgage Loans for which it is responsible as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement–Servicing of the Mortgage Loans; Collection of Payments.” The Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, to make reasonable efforts to collect all payments called for under the terms of the Mortgage Loans [and the Loan Combinations] to the extent such procedures are consistent with the Servicing Standard.
The Master Servicer and the Special Servicer are permitted, at their own expense, to employ subservicers, agents or attorneys in performing any of their respective obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. However, despite any such delegation, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer will remain liable for their respective obligations. Furthermore, each of the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer will be responsible for the acts and omissions of their subservicers, agents or attorneys. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Special Servicer is generally prohibited from delegating all of its obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to third parties.
[Name of Master Servicer] (the “Master Servicer”) will be the Master Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Master Servicer is a [insert entity type and jurisdiction of organization] [and a wholly owned subsidiary of ____]. The principal offices of the Master Servicer are located at [___________], and its telephone number is [___________]. As of [_____, 20__], the Master Servicer had a total commercial and multifamily mortgage loan servicing portfolio of approximately $[___] billion.
The information set forth in this prospectus supplement concerning the Master Servicer has been provided by it.
The Master Servicer will be responsible for master servicing of all of the Mortgage Loans [specify any exceptions]. The Master Servicer may elect to sub-service some or all of its servicing duties with respect to each of the Mortgage Loans and it has informed the Depositor that it intends to use one or more sub-servicers on certain of the Mortgage Loans. [In particular, the Master Servicer has informed the Depositor that ___ will act as sub-servicer with respect to certain of the Mortgage Loans originated by ____.]
Certain of the duties of the Master Servicer and the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement are set forth herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement.” The manner in which collections on the Mortgage Loans are to be maintained is described herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Accounts.” The advance obligations of the Master Servicer are described herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement —Advances” and “Description of the Offered Certificates—Appraisal Reductions.” Certain limitations on the Master Servicer’s liability under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement are described herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Certain Matters Regarding the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer.” Certain terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement regarding the Master Servicer’s removal, replacement, resignation or transfer are described herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicer Termination Events,” “—Rights Upon Event of Default” and “—Certain Matters Regarding the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer.” For a description of the Master Servicer’s compensation see “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing Compensation and Payment of Expenses.”
The Master Servicer and its affiliates own and are in the business of acquiring assets similar in type to the assets of the Trust. Accordingly, its assets may compete with the Mortgaged Properties for tenants, purchasers, financing and other parties and services relevant to the business of acquiring similar assets.
[Add disclosure required by Item 1108 of Regulation AB with respect to Master Servicer, to the extent not covered above.]
[Name of Special Servicer] (the “Special Servicer”) will be appointed as the initial Special Servicer of the Mortgage Loans, and as such, will be responsible for servicing the Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans and REO Properties. The Special Servicer is a [insert entity type and jurisdiction of organization] [and a wholly-owned subsidiary of___]. Its address is _____.
As of ____, 20__, the Special Servicer was servicing approximately [______] commercial and multifamily loans with a total principal balance of approximately $[___] billion. The collateral for these loans is located in [all fifty states] . Approximately [______] of the loans, with a total principal balance of approximately $[___] billion, pertain to commercial and multifamily mortgage-backed securities. The portfolio includes multifamily, office, retail, hospitality, industrial and other types of income-producing properties. As of ___, 20__, the Special Servicer was the named Special Servicer in approximately [__] commercial mortgage-backed securities transactions with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of approximately $[___] billion. With respect to such transactions as of such date, the Special Servicer was administering approximately [ ] assets with an outstanding principal balance of approximately $[___] million.
Certain of the duties of the Special Servicer and the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement regarding the Special Servicer, including without limitation information regarding the rights of the Special Servicer with respect to delinquencies, losses, bankruptcies and recoveries and the ability of the Special Servicer to waive or modify the terms of the Mortgage Loans are set forth herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Modifications” and “—Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans.” Certain limitations on the Special Servicer’s liability under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement are described herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Certain Matters Regarding the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer.” Certain terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement regarding the Special Servicer’s removal, replacement, resignation or transfer are described herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicer Termination Events,” “—Rights Upon an Event of Default” and “—Certain Matters Regarding the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer.” For a description of the Special Servicer’s compensation see “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Special Servicing—Special Servicing Compensation.”
The Special Servicer, is approved as a special servicer for investment-grade rated commercial and multifamily mortgage-backed securities rated by [__________].
The information set forth in this prospectus supplement concerning the Special Servicer has been provided by the Special Servicer. Neither the Master Servicer nor the Special Servicer makes any representations as to the validity or sufficiency of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (other than as to its being a valid obligation of such servicer), the Certificates, the Mortgage Loans, this prospectus supplement (other than as to the accuracy of the information regarding such servicer) or related documents.
[Add disclosure required by Item 1108 of Regulation AB with respect to the Special Servicer, to the extent not covered above.]
[Except with respect to certain Mortgage Loans sold to the Depositor by ___, the Master Servicer will be responsible for the primary servicing of all of the Mortgage Loans [specify any other exceptions]. The Master Servicer may elect to retain one or more primary servicers to perform some or all of its primary servicing duties with respect to each of the Mortgage Loans and it has informed the Depositor that it intends to use one or more primary servicers on certain of the Mortgage Loans. The master servicer will pay the fees of the primary servicer or
servicers.] [Add disclosure required by Item 1108 of Regulation AB with respect to any applicable primary servicer.]
[Affiliated Sub-Servicers]
Each of the following entities will be or is expected to be a sub-servicer of mortgage loans and is affiliated with the Depositor, [one of] the sponsor[s], [one of] the [other] mortgage loan seller[s] or [one of] the underwriter[s]:
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% of Initial Mortgage Pool Balance
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1.
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2.
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3.
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4.
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[Add disclosure required by Item 1108 of Regulation AB]]
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[Significant Sub-Servicers]
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Each of the following entities will be or is expected to be a sub servicer of 10% or more of the initial aggregate principal balance of the mortgage loans:
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% of Initial Mortgage Pool Balance
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1.
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2.
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3.
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4.
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[Add disclosure required by Item 1108 of Regulation AB]]
THE TRUSTEE
[Name of Trustee] (the “Trustee”) will serve as Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement pursuant to which the Certificates are being issued. The Trustee is a [insert entity type and jurisdiction of organization]. As of ___, 20__, the Trustee was the named Trustee in approximately [__] commercial mortgage-backed securities transactions with an aggregate outstanding principal balance of approximately $[___] billion. Following the transfer of the underlying mortgage loans into the trust, the trustee, on behalf of the trust, will become the holder of each mortgage loan transferred to the trust. In addition, the trustee will be primarily responsible for back-up advancing. The corporate trust office of the Trustee responsible for administration of the trust is located (i) for certificate transfer purposes, at ______, and (ii) for all other purposes, at _____, Attention: [_________]. As compensation for the performance of its routine duties, the Trustee will be paid a fee (the “Trustee Fee”). The Trustee will be entitled to recover from the trust fund all reasonable unanticipated expenses and disbursements incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any of the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, but not including routine expenses incurred in the ordinary course of performing its duties as Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and not including any expense, disbursement or advance as may arise from its willful misfeasance, negligence or bad faith.
The Trustee will at all times be, and will be required to resign if it fails to be, (i) a corporation, national bank, national banking association or a trust company, organized and doing business under the laws of any state or the United States of America, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and to accept the trust conferred under this Agreement, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and shall not be an affiliate of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer (except during any period when the Trustee is acting as, or has become successor to, the Master
Servicer or the Special Servicer, as the case may be, as described herein under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Rights Upon Event of Default”), and (ii) an institution whose long-term senior unsecured debt is rated [“Aa3” by Moody’s and “A+” by S&P] or such other ratings as are acceptable to the rating agencies or has a fiscal agent appointed with such minimum ratings.
[Disclose information required by Item 1109 and, if applicable, Item 1108, of Regulation AB]
The Trustee will make no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (other than as to its being a valid obligation of the Trustee), the Certificates or any mortgage loan or related document and will not be accountable for the use or application by or on behalf of the Master Servicer of any funds paid to the Master Servicer or any Special Servicer in respect of the Certificates or the mortgage loans, or any funds deposited into or withdrawn from the Certificate Account or any other account by or on behalf of the Master Servicer or any Special Servicer. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that no provision of such agreement will be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct or bad faith; provided, however, that if no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee will be required to perform, and will be liable for, only those duties specifically required under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Upon receipt of any of the various certificates, reports or other instruments required to be furnished to it pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Trustee will be required to examine those documents and to determine whether they conform to the requirements of that agreement. Within 30 days after the occurrence of any Event of Default, the Trustee is required to transmit by mail to the Depositor, each Rating Agency and all Certificateholders notice of such occurrence, unless such default shall have been cured.
Certain Matters Regarding the Trustee
The fees and normal disbursements of the Trustee are required to be borne by the trust fund.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that the Trustee will not be liable for an error of judgment made in good faith by a responsible officer of the Trustee, unless it is proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts. In addition, the Trustee is not liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of holders of Certificates entitled to at least 50% of the Voting Rights relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (unless a higher percentage of Voting Rights is required for such action). If no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, the Trustee will not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any document, unless requested in writing to do so by holders of Certificates entitled to at least 25% of the Voting Rights; provided, however, that if the payment within a reasonable time to the Trustee of the costs, expenses or liabilities likely to be incurred by it in the making of such investigation is, in the opinion of the Trustee, not reasonably assured to the Trustee by the security afforded to it by the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Trustee may require reasonable indemnity from such requesting holders against such expense or liability as a condition to taking any such action.
The Trustee and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Trustee, will be entitled to indemnification by the Trust Fund, to the extent of amounts held in the Collection Account from time to time, for any loss, liability damages, claims or unanticipated expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising out of or incurred by the Trustee in connection with any act or omission of the Trustee relating to the exercise and performance of any of the powers and duties of the Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. However, the indemnification will not extend to any loss, liability or expense that constitutes a specific liability imposed on the Trustee pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or to any loss, liability or expense incurred by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence on the part of the Trustee in the performance of its obligations and duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or by reason of its negligent disregard of those obligations or duties, or as may arise from a breach of any representation, warranty or covenant of the Trustee made in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Trustee will be entitled to execute any of its trusts or powers under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or perform any of its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement either directly or by or through agents or
attorneys, and the Trustee will not be relieved of any of its duties or obligations by virtue of the appointment of any agents or attorneys.
Resignation and Removal of the Trustee
The Trustee will be permitted at any time to resign from its obligations and duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement by giving written notice to the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Certificate Administrator, the Operating Advisor and each rating agency. Upon receiving this notice of resignation, the Servicers will be required to promptly appoint a successor Trustee acceptable to the Master Servicer. If no successor Trustee shall have accepted an appointment within a specified period after the giving of notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor Trustee.
If at any time a Trustee ceases to be eligible to continue as Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or if at any time the Trustee becomes incapable of acting, or if certain events of, or proceedings in respect of, bankruptcy or insolvency occur with respect to the Trustee, any public officer takes charge or control of the Trustee or its property, either Servicer or the Depositor will be authorized to remove the Trustee and appoint a successor Trustee. In addition, holders of the Certificates entitled to at least 51% of the Voting Rights may at any time, remove the Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and appoint a successor Trustee.
At any time, for the purpose of meeting any legal requirements of any jurisdiction in which any part of the Trust or property securing the same is located, the Trustee will have the power to appoint one or more persons or entities approved by the Trustee to act (at the expense of the Trustee) as co trustee or co trustees, jointly with the Trustee, or separate trustee or separate trustees, of all or any part of the Trust, and to vest in such co trustee or separate trustee such powers, duties, obligations, rights and trusts as the Trustee may consider necessary or desirable. Except as required by applicable law, the appointment of a co trustee or separate trustee will not relieve the Trustee of its responsibilities, obligations and liabilities under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to the extent set forth therein.
Any resignation or removal of a Trustee and appointment of a successor Trustee will not become effective until acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee. Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon any termination of the Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Trustee will continue to be entitled to receive from the Trust all accrued and unpaid compensation and expenses through the date of termination plus, the reimbursement of all Advances made by the Trustee and interest thereon as provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. In addition, if the Trustee is terminated without cause, the terminating party is required to pay all of the expenses of the Trustee, necessary to effect the transfer of its responsibilities to the successor trustee. Any successor trustee must have a combined capital and surplus of at least [____] and have a debt rating that satisfies certain criteria set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
In addition, certain provisions regarding the obligations and duties of the Trustee, including those related to resignation and termination, may be subject to amendment in connection with a TIA Applicability Determination. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Amendment” in this prospectus supplement.
THE CERTIFICATE ADMINISTRATOR AND CUSTODIAN
[_____] will act as the certificate administrator (in such capacity, the “Certificate Administrator” or “[_____]”), custodian (in such capacity, the “Custodian”) and the Paying Agent under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Under the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, [_____] is responsible for securities administration, which includes pool performance calculations, distribution calculations and the preparation of monthly distribution reports, and for the preparation and filing of all REMIC tax returns on behalf of the Trust REMICs and the preparation of monthly reports on Form 10-D, certain current reports on Form 8-K and annual reports on Form 10-K that are required to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on behalf of the Issuing Entity.
[_____] is acting as custodian of the mortgage loan files pursuant and subject to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. In such capacity, [_____] is responsible for holding and safeguarding the mortgage notes and other contents of the mortgage files on behalf of the Certificateholders. [_____] maintains each mortgage loan file
in a separate file folder marked with a unique bar code to assure loan-level file integrity and to assist in inventory management. Files are segregated by transaction or investor.
The foregoing information concerning the Certificate Administrator and Custodian has been provided by the Certificate Administrator.
The Certificate Administrator is required to at all times be, and will be required to resign if it fails to be, (i) a corporation, national bank, national banking association or a trust company, organized and doing business under the laws of any state or the United States of America, (ii) authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers and to accept the trust conferred under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $[ ] and subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and shall not be an affiliate of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer and (iii) an institution whose long-term senior unsecured debt is rated at least “[ ]” by [ ], “[ ]” by [ ] and “[ ]” by [ ] and whose short-term unsecured debt is rated at least “[ ]” by [ ], “[ ]” by [ ] and “[ ]” by [ ] or has been assigned such other ratings as are acceptable to the Rating Agencies or has a fiscal agent that would be an eligible Certificate Administrator under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Certificate Administrator makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (other than as to it being a valid obligation of the Certificate Administrator), the Certificates, the Mortgage Loans, this prospectus supplement (other than as to the accuracy of the information provided by the Certificate Administrator as set forth above) or any related documents and will not be accountable for the use or application by or on behalf of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer of any funds paid to the Master Servicer or any Special Servicer in respect of the Certificates or the Mortgage Loans, or any funds deposited into or withdrawn from the certificate account or any other account by or on behalf of the Master Servicer or any Special Servicer. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that no provision of such agreement shall be construed to relieve the Certificate Administrator from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct or bad faith.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that the Certificate Administrator shall not be liable for an error of judgment made in good faith by a responsible officer of the Certificate Administrator, unless it shall be proved that the Certificate Administrator was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts. In addition, the Certificate Administrator will not be liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of holders of Certificates entitled to greater than 50% of the percentage interest of each affected Class, or of the aggregate Voting Rights of the Certificates, relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Certificate Administrator, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Certificate Administrator, under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (unless a higher percentage of Voting Rights is required for such action).
The Certificate Administrator and any director, officer, employee, representative or agent of the Certificate Administrator, will be entitled to indemnification by the Issuing Entity for any loss, liability, damages, claims or unanticipated expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) arising out of or incurred by the Certificate Administrator in connection with its participation in the transaction and any act or omission of the Certificate Administrator relating to the exercise and performance of any of the powers and duties of the Certificate Administrator (including in any capacities in which it serves, e.g., Paying Agent, REMIC administrator, Authenticating Agent, Custodian, Certificate Registrar and 17g-5 Information Provider) under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. However, the indemnification will not extend to any loss, liability or expense that constitutes a specific liability imposed on the Certificate Administrator pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or to any loss, liability or expense incurred by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith, fraud or negligence on the part of the Certificate Administrator in the performance of its obligations and duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or by reason of its negligent disregard of those obligations or duties, or as may arise from a breach of any representation or warranty of the Certificate Administrator made in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Certificate Administrator will be entitled to perform any of its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement either directly or by or through agents, nominees, custodians or attorneys, and the Certificate Administrator will not be relieved of any of its duties or obligations by virtue of the appointment of any agents, nominees, custodians or attorneys.
The Certificate Administrator will be the REMIC administrator and the 17g-5 Information Provider.
The Certificate Administrator will be permitted at any time to resign from its obligations and duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement by giving written notice to the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee, the Operating Advisor, the Mortgage Loan Sellers and the 17g-5 Information Provider (who will promptly post such notice to the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website). Upon receiving this notice of resignation, the Trustee will be required to promptly appoint a successor Certificate Administrator (which may be the Trustee). If no successor Certificate Administrator shall have accepted an appointment within a specified period after the giving of notice of resignation, the resigning Certificate Administrator may petition any court of competent jurisdiction to appoint a successor Certificate Administrator. The Certificate Administrator will be required to bear all reasonable out of pocket costs and expenses of each party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and each Rating Agency in connection with the resignation of such Certificate Administrator.
In addition, certain provisions regarding the obligations and duties of the Certificate Administrator, including those related to resignation and termination, may be subject to amendment in connection with a TIA Applicability Determination. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Amendment” in this prospectus supplement.
The Depositor may direct the Trustee to terminate the Certificate Administrator upon 5 business days’ notice if the Certificate Administrator fails to comply with certain of its reporting obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Trustee and Certificate Administrator Fee
As compensation for the performance of its routine duties, the Trustee and Certificate Administrator will be paid a fee (collectively, the “Trustee/Certificate Administrator Fee”). The Trustee/Certificate Administrator Fee will be payable monthly from amounts received in respect of interest on each Mortgage Loan (prior to application of such interest payments to make payments on the certificates) and will accrue at a rate (the “Trustee/Certificate Administrator Fee Rate”), equal to [__]% per annum, and will be computed on the same accrual basis as interest accrues on the related Mortgage Loan and based on the Stated Principal Balance of the related Mortgage Loan as of the Due Date in the immediately preceding Collection Period. In addition, the Trustee and Certificate Administrator will each be entitled to recover from the Issuing Entity all reasonable unanticipated expenses and disbursements incurred or made by such party in accordance with any of the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, but not including routine expenses incurred in the ordinary course of performing its duties as Trustee or Certificate Administrator, as applicable, under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and not including any expense, disbursement or advance as may arise from its willful misconduct, negligence, fraud or bad faith.
[Add disclosure required by Item 1108 of Regulation AB with respect to the Certificate Administrator, to the extent not covered above.]
[PAYING AGENT, CERTIFICATE REGISTRAR AND AUTHENTICATING AGENT]
[_______] will be appointed by the Trustee as paying agent (in that capacity, the “Paying Agent”). In addition, [_______] will initially serve as registrar (in that capacity, the “Certificate Registrar”) for purposes of recording and otherwise providing for the registration of the Offered Certificates and of transfers and exchanges of the Definitive Certificates, if issued, and as authenticating agent of the Certificates (in that capacity, the “Authenticating Agent”). The Trustee will be responsible for paying the fees of each such agent.]
[THE FISCAL AGENT
[_______], a [_________] organized under the laws of [________], will act as Fiscal Agent pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing agreement (the “Fiscal Agent”). The Fiscal Agent’s office is located at [________], Attention: [________]. The Fiscal Agent will be deemed to have been removed in the event of the resignation or removal of the Trustee.
The duties and obligations of the Fiscal Agent consist only of making advances as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances” in this prospectus supplement. The Fiscal Agent will not be liable
except for the performance of those duties and obligations. The Fiscal Agent will be entitled to reimbursement for each advance made by it, with interest, in the same manner and to the same extent as the Trustee and the Master Servicer. The Fiscal Agent will be entitled to various rights, protections, immunities and indemnities substantially similar to those afforded to the Trustee. The Trustee will be responsible for payment of the compensation of the Fiscal Agent.
The Fiscal Agent will make no representation as to the validity or sufficiency of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (other than as to its being a valid obligation of the Fiscal Agent), the Certificates, the mortgage loans, this prospectus supplement—except for the information in the immediately preceding paragraph—or related documents. The duties and obligations of the Fiscal Agent consist only of making advances as described in this prospectus supplement; the Fiscal Agent will not be liable except for the performance of such duties and obligations.
In the event that the Master Servicer and the Trustee fail to make a required advance, the Fiscal Agent will be required to make such advance, provided that the Fiscal Agent will not be obligated to make any advance that it deems to be a Nonrecoverable Advance. The Fiscal Agent will be entitled to rely exclusively on any determination by the Master Servicer or the Trustee, as applicable, that an advance, if made, would not be recoverable. The Fiscal Agent will be entitled to reimbursement for each advance made by it in the same manner and to the same extent as the Trustee and the Master Servicer.]
THE OPERATING ADVISOR
[_____] (the “Operating Advisor”), a [_____], will act as operating advisor under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The principal offices of [_____] are located at [_____].
[Insert Description of Operating Advisor]
The information set forth in this prospectus supplement concerning the Operating Advisor has been provided by the Operating Advisor.
Certain terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement regarding the Operating Advisor’s rights, obligations, removal, replacement, resignation, transfer, and compensation are described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—The Operating Advisor” in this prospectus supplement. Certain limitations on the Operating Advisor’s liability under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement are described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Certain Matters Regarding the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Operating Advisor” in this prospectus supplement.
[CERTAIN LEGAL PROCEEDINGS]
[If there are any legal proceedings pending against any of the parties identified in Item 1117 of Regulation AB or their property that would be material to security holders, provide the disclosure required by such Item.]
[CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS]
[The [sponsor] [depositor] [issuing entity] is an affiliate of the [servicer] [special servicer] [specify other servicer contemplated by Item 1108(a)(3) of Regulation AB] [trustee] [specify originator contemplated by Item 1110 of Regulation AB] [specify significant obligor contemplated by Item 1112 of Regulation AB] [specify enhancement, derivatives or support provider contemplated by Item 1114 or Item 1115 of Regulation AB] [specify other material parties related to the asset-backed securities.] [If applicable, provide the information required by Item 1119(b) of Regulation AB with respect to business relationships, etc. outside the ordinary course of business or not on arm’s length basis between the [sponsor] [depositor] [issuing entity] and any of the other parties listed in the preceding sentence or their affiliates that exist currently or existed within the past two years, if material to an understanding of the certificates.] [If applicable, provide the information specified in Item 1119(c) of Regulation AB regarding specific relationships relating to the transaction or the mortgage loans between the [sponsor] [depositor] [issuing entity] and any of the other parties listed above or their affiliates that exist currently or existed within the past two years, if material.]]
DESCRIPTION OF THE MORTGAGE POOL
A trust (the “Trust” or “Trust Fund”) to be created by Deutsche Mortgage & Asset Receiving Corporation (the “Depositor”) will consist of a pool (the “Mortgage Pool”) of [____] fixed-rate mortgage loans (each, a “Mortgage Loan,” and collectively, the “Mortgage Loans”) secured by first liens on [____] commercial, multifamily and manufactured housing community properties (each a “Mortgaged Property,” and collectively, the “Mortgaged Properties”) [and junior liens on [____] Mortgaged Properties]. The Mortgage Pool has an aggregate principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of approximately $[___________] (the “Initial Outstanding Pool Balance”). The principal balances of the Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date (each, a “Cut-off Date Balance”) will range from $[____________] to $[____________] and the average Cut-off Date Balance will be $[____________] subject to a variance of plus or minus [____]%. All numerical information provided herein with respect to the Mortgage Loans is provided on an approximate basis. All percentages of the Mortgage Pool, or of any specified sub-group thereof, referred to herein without further description are approximate percentages of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance. Descriptions of the terms and provisions of the Mortgage Loans are generalized descriptions of the terms and provisions of the Mortgage Loans in the aggregate. Many of the individual Mortgage Loans have specific terms and provisions that deviate from the general description.
[Each of the [______] Loan and [_______] Loan has a subordinate companion loan. Each companion loan is referred to in this prospectus supplement as a “Companion Loan.” The Mortgage Loan together with its related Companion Loan is referred to in this prospectus supplement as a “Loan Combination.” Neither of the Companion Loans is included in the Mortgage Pool. Each Companion Loan is subordinate in right of payment to the related Mortgage Loan and is also sometimes referred to in this prospectus supplement as the “B Loan.”]
Each Mortgage Loan is evidenced by one or more promissory notes (each, a “Note”) and secured by one or more mortgages, deeds of trust or other similar security instruments (each, a “Mortgage”). Each of the Mortgages creates [either] a first lien [or a junior lien] on the interests of the related borrower in the related Mortgaged Property, as set forth on the following table:
Interest of Borrower Encumbered
|
% of Initial
Outstanding Pool Balance(1)
|
Fee Simple Estate
|
|
[First Lien]............................................................................................
|
|
[Second Lien].......................................................................................
|
|
Partial Fee / Partial Leasehold Estate
|
|
[First Lien]............................................................................................
|
|
[Second Lien].......................................................................................
|
|
Leasehold Estate
|
|
[First Lien]............................................................................................
|
|
[Second Lien].......................................................................................
|
|
Total
|
|
[First Lien]............................................................................................
|
|
[Second Lien].......................................................................................
|
|
(1)
|
Because this table presents information relating to the Mortgaged Properties and not the Mortgage Loans, the information for Mortgage Loans secured by more than one Mortgaged Property is based on allocated loan amounts (which amounts, if not specified in the related Mortgage Loan Documents, are based on the appraised values or square footage of each Mortgaged Property and/or each Mortgaged Property’s underwritten net cash flow).
|
Security for the Mortgage Loans
None of the Mortgage Loans is insured or guaranteed by the United States, any governmental agency or instrumentality, any private mortgage insurer or by the Depositor, any Sponsor, Mortgage Loan Seller or Originator, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee. Each Mortgage Loan is or should be considered to be nonrecourse. In the event of a default under any Mortgage Loan, the lender’s remedies generally are limited to foreclosing against the specific Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties securing such Mortgage Loan and such limited other assets as may have been pledged to secure such Mortgage Loan subject to customary nonrecourse
carveouts either to the borrower or its sponsor. Even if a Mortgage Loan is recourse to the borrower (or if a nonrecourse carveout to the borrower applies), in most cases, the borrower’s assets are limited primarily to its interest in the related Mortgaged Property. Each Mortgage Loan is secured by one or more Mortgages and an assignment of the related borrower’s interest in the leases, rents, issues and profits of the related Mortgaged Properties. In certain instances, additional collateral exists in the nature of partial indemnities or guaranties, or in the establishment and pledge of one or more reserve or escrow accounts (such accounts, “Reserve Accounts”). Each Mortgage that constitutes a first lien on a fee or leasehold interest in a Mortgaged Property, is subject generally only to (i) liens for real estate and other taxes and special assessments not yet delinquent or accruing interest or penalties, (ii) covenants, conditions, restrictions, rights of way, easements and other encumbrances whether or not of public record as of the date of recording of the related Mortgage, such exceptions having been acceptable to the related Mortgage Loan Seller in connection with the purchase or origination of the related Mortgage Loan, (iii) such other exceptions and encumbrances on Mortgaged Properties as are reflected in the related title insurance policies, (iv) other matters to which like properties are commonly subject, (v) the rights of tenants, as tenants only, whether under ground leases or space leases at the Mortgaged Property, [and (vi) mortgage liens for a Companion Loan]
[Each Mortgage that constitutes a junior lien on a fee or leasehold interest in a Mortgaged Property is subject to the foregoing, as well as any senior lien on such fee or leasehold interest.]
[[Prefunding].[Revolving] Period]
[Insert disclosure required by Items 1103(a)(5) and 1111(g) of Regulation AB.]
Significant Mortgage Loans and Significant Obligors
No mortgage loan has an outstanding principal balance as of the Cut-off Date which exceeds [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance.
The following table sets forth information regarding the ten largest mortgage loans and/or [cross-collateralized] [related] groups in the pool, which represent, in the aggregate, approximately [__]% of the Initial Pool Balance.
Ten Largest Mortgage Loans or [Cross-Collateralized] [Related] Groups
Mortgage Loan or Cross-Collateralized Group
|
|
|
Number of Mortgaged Properties
|
Aggre-gate Cut-off Date Balance
|
% of Initial Pool Balance
|
|
Stated Remain-ing Terms (Mos.)
|
|
Cut-off Date LTV Ratio(1)
|
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[______]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
Total / Weighted Averages
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
$[____]
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
[__]
|
[__]x
|
[__]%
|
[__]%
|
Information with respect to each of the above mortgage loans or groups [that constitutes 10% or more of the Initial Pool Balance] is set forth in Annex B-1.
[If a lessee or lessees constitute a significant obligor under Item 1112 of Regulation AB, provide disclosure required by that item.]
Sale of the Mortgage Loans
The Depositor will purchase the Mortgage Loans to be included in the Mortgage Pool on or before the Closing Date from names of Mortgage Loan Sellers pursuant to [____] separate mortgage loan purchase agreements (each, a
“Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement”), to be dated the Closing Date between the related Mortgage Loan Seller and the Depositor.
The Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of New York. Each party to the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement waives its right to a jury trial and consents to the jurisdiction of any New York State and Federal courts sitting in New York City with respect to matters arising out of or related to the agreement.
Each of the Mortgage Loan Sellers, subject to the exception below, will make certain representations and warranties with respect to the Mortgage Loans sold by it and, with respect to any breach of any representation or warranty that materially and adversely (i) affects the value of a Mortgage Loan sold by it, (ii) affects the value of the related Mortgaged Property or (iii) affects the interests of the Trustee or any holders of the Certificates therein, the related Mortgage Loan Seller will be required to cure the breach or repurchase or substitute for that Mortgage Loan. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Representations and Warranties; Repurchase; Substitution” in this prospectus supplement.
The information set forth herein concerning the Mortgage Loan Sellers and the underwriting conducted by each of the Mortgage Loan Sellers with respect to the related Mortgage Loans has been provided by the respective Mortgage Loan Sellers.
A description of the underwriting standards of German American Capital Corporation is set forth in the prospectus under “The Sponsor—Underwriting Standards.” A description of the underwriting standards of each other Mortgage Loan Seller [or Originator] is set forth above under “The Sponsor[s], Mortgage Loan Seller[s] and Originator[s]—Underwriting Standards.”
The mortgage loans included in this transaction were selected for this transaction from mortgage loans specifically originated [or acquired] for securitizations of this type by the Sponsor[s] and other Mortgage Loan Seller[s] taking into account rating agency criteria and feedback, subordinate investor feedback, property type and geographic location.
[If delinquent loans are included in a transaction, insert the following chart and paragraph:
Delinquent Mortgage Loans
|
|
Aggre-gate Cut-off Date Balance
|
% of Initial Pool Balance
|
Aggregate Balance Reduction Due to Charge-off/Uncollectibility
|
0-[30][31] days
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[31][32]-[60][61] days
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[61][62]-[90][91] days
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[Other period greater than 90 days delinquent]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
Charged-off/Uncollectible
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[__]
|
[GACC] [Each Sponsor] determines a loan to be “delinquent” when a scheduled payment on a loan has not been made for more than 30 days beyond its scheduled due date. The mortgage loans generally do not have a grace period; however, to the extent any mortgage loan has a grace period, the 30 days are calculated from the scheduled due date and not from the end of the grace period. If a workout is entered into with the borrower under a delinquent loan and payments on the loan are being made in accordance with the terms of such workout, [GACC] [each Sponsor] will no longer classify the loan as delinquent. The terms of a workout may permit a reduced monthly payment or may permit a portion of monthly interest not to be paid currently but instead to accrue and be added to the principal balance of the loan. [GACC] [a Sponsor] will determine that a “charge-off” or “loss” has occurred with respect to all or a portion of a loan if it determines in its business judgment that the amounts due under such loan or portion thereof will not be recovered from any source, including without limitation proceeds of the
liquidation of such loan or the related properties, insurance or condemnation proceeds or rental income from the loan.]
Certain Underwriting Matters
Environmental Site Assessments. Except as described below, environmental site assessments or updates of a previously conducted assessment based on information in an established database or study were conducted on all of the Mortgaged Properties within the [__]-month period prior to the Cut-off Date. In some cases these assessments or updates revealed the existence of material environmental conditions. The Mortgage Loan Sellers have informed the Depositor that where such conditions were identified:
|
·
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the circumstance or condition has been remediated in all material respects,
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|
·
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the borrower has escrowed funds to effect the remediation,
|
|
·
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a responsible party (not related to the borrower or, if the cost of remediation is less than the lesser of 2% of the original principal balance of the related mortgage loan or $50,000, the borrower or its sponsor) is currently taking or required to take actions as have been recommended by the environmental assessment or by the applicable governmental authority,
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|
·
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an operations and maintenance plan has been or will be implemented,
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·
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environmental insurance with respect to such condition has been obtained,
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·
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an indemnity or guaranty with respect to such condition was obtained from a responsible third party or the sponsor,
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·
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a “no further action” letter or other evidence has been obtained stating that the applicable governmental authority has no current intention of requiring any action be taken by the borrower or any other person with respect to such condition, or
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|
·
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upon further investigation, an environmental consultant recommended no further investigation or remediation.
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For more information regarding environmental conditions, see “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Mortgage Loans—Potential Trust Liability Related to a Materially Adverse Environmental Condition” in this prospectus supplement.
In the case of [___] Mortgaged Properties, securing [__]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, an environmental insurance policy was obtained with respect to the related Mortgaged Property in lieu of obtaining an environmental site assessment or update. Subject to certain conditions and exclusions, each environmental insurance policy generally insures the Trust against losses resulting from certain known and/or unknown environmental conditions at the related Mortgaged Property during the applicable policy period. Subject to certain conditions and exclusions, the environmental insurance policies generally provide coverage against (i) losses resulting from default under the applicable Mortgage Loan, up to the then outstanding principal balance and certain unpaid interest of the Mortgage Loan, if on site environmental conditions in violation of applicable environmental standards are discovered at the Mortgaged Property during the policy period and no foreclosure of the Mortgaged Property has taken place, provided, however, that with respect to certain Mortgage Loans for which an environmental insurance policy was obtained, the coverage may be limited to the lesser of the outstanding loan balance and the costs of clean up of environmental conditions, up to the applicable aggregate policy limit; (ii) losses from third party claims against the lender during the policy period for bodily injury, property damage or clean up costs resulting from environmental conditions at or emanating from the Mortgaged Property; and (iii) after foreclosure, costs of clean up of environmental conditions discovered during the policy period to the extent required by applicable law, including any court order or other governmental directive.]
The information contained herein regarding environmental conditions at the Mortgaged Properties is based on the environmental site assessments or the updates described in the first paragraph under this heading. There can be
no assurance that the environmental site assessments or such updates, as applicable, identified all environmental conditions and risks, or that any such environmental conditions will not have a material adverse effect on the value or cash flow of the related Mortgaged Property.
Property Condition Assessments. The Mortgage Loan Sellers have informed the Depositor that inspections of substantially all of the Mortgaged Properties (or updates of previously conducted inspections) were conducted by independent licensed engineers or other representatives or designees of the related Mortgage Loan Seller within the [__]-month period prior to the Cut-off Date. Such inspections were commissioned to inspect the exterior walls, roofing, interior construction, mechanical and electrical systems (in most cases) and the general condition of the site, buildings and other improvements located at a Mortgaged Property. With respect to certain of the Mortgage Loans, the resulting reports indicated a variety of deferred maintenance items and recommended capital expenditures. The estimated cost of the necessary repairs or replacements at a Mortgaged Property was included in the related property condition assessment. In some (but not all) instances, cash reserves were established with the lender to fund such deferred maintenance and/or replacement items.
Appraisals and Market Analysis. The Mortgage Loan Sellers have informed the Depositor that an appraisal or market analysis for all of the Mortgaged Properties was performed (or an existing appraisal was updated) on behalf of the related Mortgage Loan Seller within the [__]-month period prior to the Cut-off Date. Each such appraisal was conducted by an independent appraiser that is state certified and/or designated as a Member of the Appraisal Institute (“MAI”), in order to provide an opinion as to the market value of the related Mortgaged Property. In general, such appraisals represent the analysis and opinion of the respective appraisers at or before the time made, and are not guarantees of, and may not be indicative of, present or future value. There can be no assurance that another appraiser would not have arrived at a different valuation, even if such appraiser used the same general approach to and the same method of appraising the Mortgaged Property. In addition, appraisals seek to establish the amount a typically motivated buyer would pay a typically motivated seller. Such amount could be significantly higher than the amount obtained from the sale of a Mortgaged Property under a distress or liquidation sale. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Mortgage Loans—Appraisals and Market Studies Have Certain Limitations” in this prospectus supplement.
Property, Liability and Other Insurance. The Mortgage Loan Documents generally require that: (i) the Mortgaged Property be insured by a property and casualty insurance policy in an amount (subject to a customary deductible) at least equal to the lesser of the outstanding principal balance of the related Mortgage Loan, 100% of the full insurable replacement cost of the improvements located on the related Mortgaged Property or, with respect to certain Mortgage Loans, the full insurable actual cash value of the Mortgaged Property; or (ii) the Mortgaged Property be insured by property insurance in such other amounts as was required by the related originators with, if applicable, appropriate endorsements to avoid the application of a co-insurance clause and without reduction in insurance proceeds for depreciation. In addition, if any portion of the improvements to a Mortgaged Property securing any Mortgage Loan was, at the time of the origination of such Mortgage Loan, in an area identified in the “Federal Register” by the Federal Emergency Management Agency as having special flood hazards, and flood insurance was available, a flood insurance policy meeting the requirements of the then-current guidelines of the Federal Insurance Administration is in effect (except where self-insurance is permitted) with a generally acceptable insurance carrier, in an amount representing coverage not less than the least of (1) the outstanding principal balance of such Mortgage Loan, (2) the maximum amount of insurance required by the terms of the related Mortgage and available for the related Mortgaged Property under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, as amended and (3) 100% of the replacement cost of the improvements located in the special flood hazard area on the related Mortgaged Property. In general, the standard form of property and casualty insurance policy covers physical damage to, or destruction of, the improvements on the Mortgaged Property by fire, lightning, explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, riot or strike and civil commotion, subject to the conditions and exclusions set forth in each policy.
Each Mortgage generally also requires the related borrower to maintain comprehensive general liability insurance against claims for personal and bodily injury, death or property damage occurring on, in or about the related Mortgaged Property. Each Mortgage generally further requires the related borrower to maintain business interruption or rent loss insurance in an amount not less than 100% of the projected rental income from the related Mortgaged Property for not less than six months. In general, the Mortgaged Properties are not insured for earthquake risk, floods and other water-related causes, landslides and mudflow, vermin, nuclear reaction or war. In addition, certain of the insurance policies may specifically exclude coverage for losses due to mold, certain acts of
nature, terrorist activities or other insurable conditions or events. In some cases, the Mortgage Loan Documents permit the related borrower to rely on self-insurance provided by a tenant in lieu of an insurance policy. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Mortgage Loans—Inadequate Property Insurance Coverage Could Have an Adverse Impact on the Mortgaged Properties” in this prospectus supplement.
[Certain Variances from the Underwriting Guidelines. Certain of the mortgage loans may vary from the underwriting guidelines described under “The Sponsor[s], Mortgage Loan Seller[s] and Originator[s]—GACC’s Underwriting Standards” in this prospectus supplement. [Describe the nature of any material exceptions granted by GACC to its underwriting guidelines, including the number and percentage of loans with such exceptions.]]
The following table represents certain information regarding the Mortgage Loans and Companion Loans that comprise Loan Combinations:
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Mortgage Loan
Cut-Off Date Balance
|
Companion Loan
Cut-Off Date Balance
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Loan Combination Cut-Off
Date Balance
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|
|
Mortgage Loan
Cut-Off Date LTV Ratio
|
Loan Combination Cut-Off
Date LTV Ratio
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|
Loan Combination Debt Yield
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The [_____] Loan Combination
With respect to the Mortgage Loan identified as [_____] on Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement(the “[_____] Loan”), representing approximately [__]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance and with a Cut-off Date Balance of $[______], the related Mortgaged Property also secures a subordinate mortgage loan (the “[ ] B Loan,” and together with the [______] Loan, the “[ ] Loan Combination”). Only the [_____] Loan is being acquired by the Issuing Entity. The[_____] B Loan is not an asset of the Trust.
The [______] B Loan has a Cut-Off Date Balance of $[______] and is currently owned by [______].
For the purpose of the information presented in this prospectus supplement with respect to the [______] Loan, the loan per net rentable area ratio, the debt service coverage ratio and loan-to-value ratio reflect the aggregate indebtedness evidenced by the [______] Loan, but excludes the [______] B Loan.
General. The [______] Loan Combination will be serviced pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (and all decisions, consents, waivers, approvals and other actions on the part of any holder of the [______] Loan Combination will be effected in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement). The Master Servicer or the Trustee, as applicable, will be obligated to make (i) any required P&I Advances on the [______] Loan (but not the[______] B Loan) unless the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee, as applicable, determines that such an advance would not be recoverable from collections on the [______] Loan and (ii) Property Advances with respect to the [______] Loan Combination unless the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee, as applicable, determines that such an advance would not be recoverable from collections on the [______] Loan Combination.
[Insert other disclosure related to the specific terms of any split loan structures]]
Additional Loan Information
General. The following tables set forth certain information with respect to the Mortgage Loans and Mortgaged Properties. Such information is presented, where applicable, as of the Cut-off Date for each Mortgage Loan, as adjusted for the scheduled principal payments due on the Mortgage Loans on or before the Cut-off Date. Information with respect to a Mortgaged Property that is part of a Mortgage Loan with multiple properties is based on the allocated loan amount for such Mortgaged Property. The statistics in such schedule and tables were derived, in many cases, from information and operating statements furnished by or on behalf of the respective borrowers. Such information and operating statements were generally unaudited. The sum of the amounts in any column of any
of the following tables or of Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement may not equal the indicated total under such column due to rounding.
Net income for a Mortgaged Property as determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) is not the same as the stated Underwritten Net Cash Flow for such Mortgaged Property as set forth in the following schedule or tables. In addition, Underwritten Net Cash Flow is not a substitute for, or comparable to, operating income (as determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of the results of a property’s operations or a substitute for cash flows from operating activities (determined in accordance with GAAP) as a measure of liquidity. No representation is made as to the future net cash flow of the Mortgaged Properties, nor is the Underwritten Net Cash Flow set forth herein with respect to any Mortgaged Property intended to represent such future net cash flow.
Definitions. For purposes of this prospectus supplement, including the following tables and Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement, the indicated terms have the following meanings:
(1)
|
“Annual Debt Service” generally means, for any Mortgage Loan, 12 times the monthly payment in effect as of the Cut-off Date for such Mortgage Loan or, for certain Mortgage Loans that pay interest-only for a period of time, 12 times the monthly payment of principal and interest as of the date immediately following the expiration of such interest-only period.
|
(2)
|
“Appraised Value” means, for any Mortgaged Property, the appraiser’s adjusted value as stated in the most recent third party appraisal available to the Depositor. In certain cases, the appraiser’s adjusted value takes into
account certain repairs or stabilization of operations. In certain cases in which the appraiser assumed the completion of repairs, such repairs were, in general, either completed prior to the appraisal date or the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller has taken reserves sufficient to complete such repairs. No representation is made that any such value would approximate either the value that would be determined in a current appraisal of the related Mortgaged Property or the amount that would be realized upon a sale.
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(3)
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“Balloon Balance” means, with respect to any Balloon Loan, the principal amount that will be due at maturity for such Balloon Loan.
|
(4)
|
“Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratio,” “Loan-to-Value Ratio,” “Cut-off Date LTV,” “Cut-off Date LTV Ratio,” “Current LTV,” or “LTV” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, (a) the Cut-off Date Balance of such Mortgage Loan divided (b) by the Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties.
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(5)
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“GLA” means gross leasable area.
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(6)
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“LTV Ratio at Maturity” means, with respect to any Balloon Loan, (a) the Balloon Balance for such Mortgage Loan divided by (b) the Appraised Value of the related Mortgaged Property.
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(7)
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“Mortgage Rate” or “Interest Rate” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the Mortgage Rate in effect as of the Cut-off Date for such Mortgage Loan.
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(8)
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“NRA” means net rentable area.
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(9)
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“Occupancy Rate” means the percentage of Square Feet or Units, as the case may be, of a Mortgaged Property that was occupied or leased or, in the case of certain properties, average units so occupied over a specified period, as of a specified date (identified on Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement as the “Occupancy As-of Date”) or as specified by the borrower or as derived from the Mortgaged Property’s rent rolls, operating statements or appraisals or as determined by a site inspection of such Mortgaged Property. Information on Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement concerning the “Largest Tenant” is presented as of the same date as of which the Occupancy Rate is specified.
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(10)
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“Servicing Fee Rate” for each Mortgage Loan is the percentage rate per annum set forth in Annex A-1 for such Mortgage Loan that is payable in respect of the administration of such Mortgage Loan (which includes the applicable Master Servicing Fee Rate, Trustee Fee Rate and the primary fee rate (the servicing fee rate paid to the primary servicer), if any).
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(11)
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“Square Feet” or “Sq. Ft.” means, in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a retail center, office, industrial/warehouse facility, combination retail office facility or other special purpose property, the square footage of the net rentable or leasable area.
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(12)
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“Term to Maturity” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the remaining term, in months, from the Cut-off Date for such Mortgage Loan to the related maturity date.
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(13)
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“Underwritten Net Cash Flow,” “Underwritten NCF” or “UW NCF,” with respect to any Mortgaged Property, means an estimate of cash flow available for debt service in a typical year of stable, normal operations as determined by the related Mortgage Loan Seller. In general, it is the estimated revenue derived from the use and operation of such Mortgaged Property less the sum of (a) estimated operating expenses (such as utilities, administrative expenses, repairs and maintenance, management and franchise fees and advertising), (b) estimated fixed expenses (such as insurance, real estate taxes and, if applicable, ground lease payments), (c) estimated capital expenditures and reserves for capital expenditures, including tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions, as applicable, and (d) an allowance for vacancies and losses. Underwritten Net Cash Flow generally does not reflect interest expense and non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization. The Underwritten Net Cash Flow for each Mortgaged Property is calculated on the basis of numerous assumptions and subjective judgments, which, if ultimately proven erroneous, could cause the actual net cash flow for such Mortgaged Property to differ materially from the Underwritten Net Cash Flow set forth herein. Certain of such assumptions and subjective judgments of each Mortgage Loan Seller relate to future events, conditions and circumstances, including future expense levels, the re-leasing of vacant space and the continued leasing of occupied space, which will be affected by a variety of complex factors over which none of the Depositor, the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller or the Master Servicer or Special Servicer have control. In some cases, the Underwritten Net Cash Flow set forth herein for any Mortgaged Property is higher, and may be materially higher, than the annual net cash flow for such Mortgaged Property based on historical operating statements.
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In determining Underwritten Net Cash Flow for a Mortgaged Property, the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller generally relied on rent rolls and/or other generally unaudited financial information provided by the respective borrowers; in some cases, the appraisal and/or local market information was the primary basis for the determination. From that information, the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller calculated stabilized estimates of cash flow that took into consideration historical financial statements (where available), material changes in the operating position of a Mortgaged Property of which the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller was aware (e.g., current rent roll information including newly signed leases, near term market rent steps, expirations of “free rent” periods, market rents, and market vacancy data), and estimated capital expenditures, leasing commission and tenant improvement reserves. In certain cases, the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller’s estimate of Underwritten Net Cash Flow reflected differences from the information contained in the operating statements obtained from the respective borrowers (resulting in either an increase or decrease in the estimate of Underwritten Net Cash Flow derived therefrom) based upon the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller’s own analysis of such operating statements and the assumptions applied by the respective borrowers in preparing such statements and information. In certain instances, for example, property management fees and other expenses may have been taken into account in the calculation of Underwritten Net Cash Flow even though such expenses may not have been reflected in actual historic operating statements. In most of those cases, the information was annualized, with some exceptions, before using it as a basis for the determination of Underwritten Net Cash Flow.
(14)
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“Net Operating Income,” or “NOI,” with respect to any Mortgaged Property, means historical net operating income for the annual or other period specified (or ending on the “NOI Date” specified). In general, it is the revenue derived from the use and operation of such Mortgaged Property less the sum of (a) estimated operating expenses (such as utilities, administrative expenses, repairs and maintenance, management and franchise fees and advertising) and (b) estimated fixed expenses (such as insurance, real estate taxes and, if applicable, ground lease payments). Net operating income generally does not reflect (i.e. it does not deduct for) capital expenditures, including tenant improvement costs and leasing commissions, interest expenses and non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization.]
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(15)
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“Units,” “Rooms” or “Pads” means: (a) in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as multifamily housing, the number of apartments, regardless of the size of or number of rooms in such apartment, (b) in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a hotel property, the number of guest rooms and (c) in the case of a Mortgaged Property operated as a manufactured housing property, the number of manufactured home properties.
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(16)
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“UW NCF DSCR,” “Underwritten NCF DSCR,” “Debt Service Coverage Ratio” or “DSCR” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, (a) the Underwritten Net Cash Flow for the related Mortgaged Property, divided by (b) the Annual Debt Service for such Mortgage Loan.
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In general, debt service coverage ratios are used by income property lenders to measure the ratio of (a) cash currently generated by a property that is available for debt service to (b) required debt service payments. However, debt service coverage ratios only measure the current, or recent, ability of a property to service mortgage debt. If a property does not possess a stable operating expectancy (for instance, if it is subject to material leases that are scheduled to expire during the loan term and that provide for above-market rents and/or that may be difficult to replace), a debt service coverage ratio may not be a reliable indicator of a property’s ability to service the mortgage debt over the entire remaining loan term. The Underwritten NCF DSCRs are presented herein for illustrative purposes only and, as discussed above, are limited in their usefulness in assessing the current, or predicting the future, ability of a Mortgaged Property to generate sufficient cash flow to repay the related Mortgage Loan. Accordingly, no assurance can be given, and no representation is made, that the Underwritten NCF DSCRs accurately reflects that ability.
(17)
|
“UW Revenue” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, the gross potential rent, less vacancies and collection loss.
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Range of Cut-Off Date Balances – All Mortgage Loans
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Range of Cut-off Date Balances
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Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance
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% of Outstanding Initial Pool Balance
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Stated Remaining Term (Mos.)
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Total/Weighted
Average
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Type of Mortgaged Properties – All Mortgage Loans
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Number of Mortgaged Properties
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Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance
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% of Outstanding Initial Pool Balance
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Cut-off Date Balance per # of Units or NRA
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Stated Remaining Term (Mos.)
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Multifamily
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Multifamily
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Manufactured
Housing
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Office
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Retail
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Anchored
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Unanchored
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Single Tenant
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Hotel
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Mixed Use
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Self Storage
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Industrial
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Total/Weighted
Average
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Mortgaged Properties by State and/or Location – All Mortgage Loans
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Number of Mortgaged Properties
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Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance
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% of Outstanding Initial Pool Balance
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Stated Remaining Term (Mos.)
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Total/Weighted
Average
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[Disclose any other material concentration: e.g. tenant concentrations; industry concentrations for office properties. Note, this disclosure may be included in Risk Factors.]
Range of Debt Service Coverage Ratios as of the Cut-Off Date – All Mortgage Loans
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Range of Debt Service Coverage Ratio
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Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance
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% of Outstanding Initial Pool Balance
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Stated Remaining Term (Mos.)
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Total/Weighted
Average
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Range of LTV Ratios as of the Cut-Off Date – All Mortgage Loans
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Range of LTV Ratios as of the
Cut-off Date
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Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance
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% of Outstanding Initial Pool Balance
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Stated Remaining Term (Mos.)
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Total/Weighted
Average
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Range of LTV Ratios as of the Maturity Dates – All Mortgage Loans
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Range of LTV Ratios as of the
Cut-off Date
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Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance
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% of Outstanding Initial Pool Balance
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Total/Weighted
Average
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Range of Mortgage Rates as of the Cut-Off Date – All Mortgage Loans
Range of Remaining Terms to Maturity in Months – All Mortgage Loans
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Range of Remaining Terms to Maturity
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Aggregate Cut-off Date Balance
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% of Outstanding Initial Pool Balance
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Stated Remaining Term (Mos.)
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Total/Weighted
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Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans
Calculation of Interest. [____]% of the Mortgage Loans, based on the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, accrue interest on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. [___] of these mortgage loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance or require fixed payments of interest during the respective initial interest-only period. [___] of these mortgage loans are followed by a period of required scheduled amortization with interest accruing during such period on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed and a monthly payment of principal and interest for the remaining term of the applicable Mortgage Loan. [____]% of the Mortgage Loans, based on the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance accrue interest on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed and a 360-day year.
[Except in the case of Mortgage Loans with anticipated repayment dates,] none of the Mortgage Loans provides for negative amortization or for the deferral of interest. [Describe any potential negative amortization.]
Amortization of Principal. The Mortgage Loans provide for one or more of the following:
[____] Mortgage Loans (excluding interest-only and partial interest-only Mortgage Loans), representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, provide for payments of interest and principal and then have an expected Balloon Balance at the maturity date.
[____] Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, are interest-only for the entire term of the Mortgage Loans.
[____] Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, provide for payments of interest-only for the first [____] to [____] months following the cut-off date and thereafter provide for regularly scheduled payments of interest and principal based on an amortization period longer than the remaining term of the related Mortgage Loan and therefore have an expected Balloon Balance at the related maturity date.
[____] Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance are fully amortizing.
[[____] Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance are negatively amortizing.]
Prepayment Provisions. The Mortgage Loans generally permit voluntary prepayment without the payment of any penalty on the last 1 to 7 scheduled payment dates (including the maturity date). All of the Yield Maintenance Mortgage Loans prohibit voluntary prepayment for a specified period (the “Yield Maintenance Lock-Out Period”) and all of the Defeasance Loans prohibit Defeasance (as defined below) for at least two years from the Closing Date (the “Defeasance Lock-Out Period” and collectively with the Yield Maintenance Lock-Out Period the “Lock-Out Period”). The weighted average Lock-Out Period remaining from the Cut-off Date for the Mortgage Loans is
approximately [____] months. Each Mortgage Loan with a Lock-Out Period restricts voluntary prepayments in one of the following ways:
(1) [____] of the Mortgage Loans (the “Defeasance Loans”), representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, permit only defeasance after the expiration of a Defeasance Lock-Out Period. The Defeasance Loans permit defeasance during the “Defeasance Period”‘ as set forth on Annex A-1 under the heading “Prepayment Provisions Payments (# of payments).” In the case of the Mortgage Loans that permit partial defeasance, the Mortgage Loan Documents require, among other things, that the defeasance collateral be in amount equal to a specified percentage, generally between [____]% to [____]% of the portion of the total loan amount allocated to the Mortgaged Property that is to be released (such amount, the “Allocated Loan Amount”). Exceptions include: [____]
(2) [____] of the Mortgage Loans (the “Yield Maintenance Loans”), representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, permit voluntary prepayment of the Mortgage Loan accompanied by a Yield Maintenance Charge or a Prepayment Premium following the expiration of a Lock-Out Period until the commencement of the open period for such Mortgage Loan (such period, the “Yield Maintenance Period”). With respect to the Yield Maintenance Loans, the expiration of the Yield Maintenance Lock-Out Period is identified on Annex A-1 under the heading “Prepayment Provisions (# of Payments)”; or
(3) [____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the outstanding pool balance as of the cut-off date, permits defeasance or prepayment with a Yield Maintenance Charge (which charge is at least [____]% of the prepaid amount) following a Defeasance Lock-Out Period.
[___] of the Mortgage Loans, representing approximately [____]% of the initial Outstanding Pool Balance permits defeasance on or after [_____________].
“Yield Maintenance Charge” means [insert definitions for applicable loans].
“Prepayment Premium” means, with respect to any Mortgage Loan, any premium, fee or other additional amount (other than a Yield Maintenance Charge) paid or payable, as the context requires, by a borrower in connection with a Principal Prepayment on, or other early collection of principal of, that Mortgage Loan.
Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges are distributable as described in this prospectus supplement under “Description of the Offered Certificates—Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges.”
All of the Mortgage Loans that permit prepayments require that the prepayment be made on the Due Date or, if on a different date, that any prepayment be accompanied by the interest that would accrue through but excluding the next Due Date.
Certain state laws limit the amounts that a lender may collect from a borrower as an additional charge in connection with the prepayment of a Mortgage Loan. The Mortgage Loans generally do not require the payment of Yield Maintenance Charges in connection with a prepayment of the related Mortgage Loan as a result of a total casualty or condemnation. Certain of the Mortgage Loans may require the payment of Prepayment Premiums or Yield Maintenance Charges in connection with an acceleration of the related Mortgage Loan. There can be no assurance that the related borrowers will pay the Prepayment Premiums or Yield Maintenance Charges. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Related to Enforceability of Prepayment Premiums, Yield Maintenance Charges and Defeasance Provisions” in this prospectus supplement and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Default Interest and Limitations on Prepayments” in the prospectus.
In the case of most of the Mortgage Loans, if an award or loss resulting from an event of condemnation or casualty is less than a specified percentage of the original principal balance of the Mortgage Loan and certain other conditions are met, the proceeds or award may be applied by the borrower to the costs of repairing or replacing the Mortgaged Property. In all other circumstances, the Mortgage Loans provide generally that in the event of a
condemnation or casualty, the lender may apply the condemnation award or insurance proceeds to the repayment of debt, without payment of a Prepayment Premium or a Yield Maintenance Charge.
Certain Mortgage Loans provide that if casualty or condemnation proceeds are above a specified amount, the borrower will be permitted to supplement such proceeds with an amount sufficient to prepay the entire principal balance of the Mortgage Loan. In such event, no Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge would be required to be paid.
Neither the Depositor nor any of the Mortgage Loan Sellers makes any representation as to the enforceability of the provision of any Mortgage Loan requiring the payment of a Prepayment Premium or a Yield Maintenance Charge, or of the collectability of any Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Offered Certificates—Risk Related to Prepayments and Repurchases” and “—Yield Considerations” in this prospectus supplement and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Default Interest and Limitations on Prepayments” in the prospectus.
Property Releases. Certain of the Mortgage Loans contain provisions that permit the related borrower to release all or a portion of the Mortgaged Property or Mortgaged Properties securing such Mortgage Loan.
All of the Defeasance Loans permit the applicable borrower, after the Defeasance Lock-Out Period, to obtain a release of the Mortgaged Property from the lien of the related Mortgage (“Defeasance” or, the option to cause a Defeasance, the “Defeasance Option”), provided that, among other conditions, (a) no event of default exists, (b) the borrower pays on a Due Date (the “Release Date”) (i) all interest accrued and unpaid on the principal balance of the Note (or, with respect to a partial Defeasance, a portion of the Note) to and including the Release Date and (ii) all other sums, excluding scheduled interest or principal payments, due under the Mortgage Loan and all related Mortgage Loan Documents, and (c) the borrower delivers “government securities” (within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended) or such other securities as permitted by the Code with respect to a Defeasance, that is acceptable to the Rating Agencies (the “Defeasance Collateral”) in an amount sufficient to make payments on or prior to, but as close as possible to, all successive scheduled payment dates from the Release Date to the related maturity date, or in certain cases, through the date on which the mortgage loan is freely prepayable, in amounts equal to the scheduled payments due on such dates under the Mortgage Loan or the defeased amount thereof in the case of a partial Defeasance. In addition, in connection with a Defeasance, the related borrower is generally required to (i) pay any costs and expenses incurred in connection with the Defeasance and (ii) deliver a security agreement granting the Trust a first priority lien on the Defeasance Collateral and an opinion of counsel to such effect. With respect to all of the Defeasance Loans, the Defeasance Lock-Out Period is at least two years from the Closing Date.
In some cases, a successor borrower will assume the obligations of the borrower exercising a Defeasance Option and the original borrower will be released from its obligations under the related Mortgage Loan Documents. If a Mortgage Loan is partially defeased and the successor borrower will be assuming the borrower’s obligations, the related Note will generally be split and only the defeased portion of the borrower’s obligations will be transferred to the successor borrower.
In the case of the cross collateralized and cross defaulted Mortgage Loans identified on Annex A-1 as:
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the related Mortgage Loan Documents generally permit each of the related borrowers to obtain a release of the related individual Mortgaged Property securing the related Mortgage Loan from the cross collateralization in the event of a defeasance of such Mortgage Loan or approved transfer of such Mortgaged Property if the remaining Mortgaged Properties meet certain debt service coverage ratio and loan-to-value ratio tests.
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[In the case of the Mortgage Loan known as [___________] loan, representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, in the event (i) the Mortgage Loan is accelerated upon an incurable breach of a representation or warranty with respect to any individual property securing such Mortgage Loan, (ii) the lender does not make condemnation or casualty proceeds available to the borrower for restoration, or (iii) an individual property is determined by the borrower to be no longer economically viable and the lender approves such determination, the borrower is permitted to obtain a release of such affected property upon partial defeasance of such Mortgage Loan in
an amount equal to 100% of the allocated loan amount for such individual property. Such partial defeasance must be performed in compliance with the conditions generally applicable to Defeasances as described above.]
The Depositor makes no representation as to the enforceability of the defeasance provisions of any Mortgage Loan. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Offered Certificates—Risks Related to Prepayments and Repurchases” and “—Yield Considerations” in this prospectus supplement.
In addition to the release by substitution of a Mortgaged Property securing a Mortgage Loan for Defeasance Collateral, certain of the Mortgage Loans permit the release of a Mortgaged Property or portion thereof as follows:
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the release of a Mortgaged Property or a portion of a Mortgaged Property where such property is vacant and non-income producing or was given no material value or little value in connection with loan origination and underwriting criteria and following the release, the Mortgage Loan remains “principally secured” under the REMIC provision of the Code; and
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Escrows. Certain of the Mortgage Loans provide for monthly escrows to cover property taxes, insurance premiums, ground lease payments and ongoing capital replacements. For information regarding certain escrows, see Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement.
Other Financing. The applicable Mortgage Loan Sellers have informed the Depositor that they are aware of the following existing or future permitted indebtedness secured by a Mortgaged Property that also secures a Mortgage Loan with respect to the [___] Loan and [___] Loan [describe subordinated debt].
The Mortgage Loan Documents generally prohibit the pledge or transfer of controlling ownership interests in the related borrower above certain percentage thresholds without lender consent, other than certain specified transfers, including but not limited to:
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transfers related to family and estate planning,
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transfers related to the death or physical or mental disability of a controlling holder,
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transfers of a passive interest or less than a controlling interest in the borrower,
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transfers to borrower affiliates or among existing members, partners or shareholders in the borrower or between holders of tenant-in-common interests in the Mortgaged Property,
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transfers of interests in publicly traded entities,
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transfers of stock listed on a nationally recognized stock exchange,
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transfers among affiliated borrowers with respect to any multi-property Mortgage Loans,
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transfers which consolidate tenant-in-common ownership into one or more surviving tenant-in-common borrowers,
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transfers of tenant-in-common interests to third parties, subject in some cases to lender approval if such transfers are in excess of specified thresholds,
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transfers to a pre-approved person or entity or an entity controlled by a pre-approved person or entity,
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transfers to any person or entity so long as certain specified persons or entities, or persons or entities satisfying specified criteria, remain in control or acquire control of the day-to-day operations of the borrower,
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transfers to certain qualifying entities, which entities generally are required to satisfy, or be under the control of other entities that satisfy, specified criteria, such as net worth and/or experience related tests and
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satisfy conditions specified in the Mortgage Loan Documents but for which lender consent may not be required, or
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other transfers customarily acceptable to prudent commercial and multifamily mortgage lending institutions with respect to comparable property and transfers of a similar nature to the foregoing meeting the requirements of the Mortgage Loan Documents.
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Also, to the extent Mortgage Loan Documents permit mezzanine debt or to the extent a non-controlling equity holder in the borrower is entitled to a preferred return on its investment, under certain circumstances, a transfer of a controlling interest in the borrower to the holder of the mezzanine debt or the preferred equity holder may occur without lender consent and such transfer would not trigger the “due-on-sale” provision in the related Mortgage Loan Documents.
In addition, the Mortgage Loan Sellers have notified the Depositor that they are aware of the following existing or potential mezzanine debt:
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with respect to the Mortgage Loan[s] known as “[____________________],” representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance equity owners of the borrower incurred mezzanine debt with an original aggregate balance of $[___________]. The mezzanine lenders each entered into an intercreditor agreement;
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In the case of the above described Mortgage Loans with existing mezzanine debt, the holder [of the mezzanine loan generally has the right to cure certain defaults occurring on the related Mortgage Loan and the right to purchase the Mortgage Loan from the Trust if certain Mortgage Loan defaults occur. The purchase price required to be paid in connection with such a purchase is generally equal to the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest on, and all unpaid servicing expenses and advances relating to, the Mortgage Loan. The holder of each mezzanine loan also has consent rights over modifications of the related Mortgage Loan that adversely affect the mezzanine lender prior to an event of default under the related Mortgage Loan and certain limited consent rights over modifications of the related Mortgage Loan entered into in connection with a workout following an event of default under the related Mortgage Loan.]
Certain risks relating to additional debt are described in “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Mortgage Loans—Risks Related to Additional Debt” in this prospectus supplement.
“Due-on-Sale” and “Due-on-Encumbrance” Provisions. The Mortgage Loans generally contain “due-on-sale” and “due-on-encumbrance” clauses that, in each case, generally permit the holder of the Mortgage Loan to accelerate the maturity of the Mortgage Loan if the borrower sells or otherwise transfers or encumbers the related Mortgaged Property (other than as permitted in the Mortgage Loan Documents) without the consent of the lender. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer (in each case, subject to the rights of the Directing Holder as set forth herein), as applicable, to determine, in a manner consistent with the Servicing Standard, whether to exercise any right the lender may have under any such clause to accelerate payment of the related Mortgage Loan upon, or to withhold its consent to, any transfer or further encumbrance of the related Mortgaged Property. Certain of the Mortgage Loans provide that the lender may condition an assumption of the loan on the receipt of an assumption fee, which is in some cases up to one percent of the then unpaid principal balance of the applicable Note, in addition to the payment of all costs and expenses incurred in connection with such assumption. Certain of the Mortgage Loans permit either: (i) a transfer of the related Mortgaged Property if certain specified conditions are satisfied or if the transfer is to a borrower reasonably acceptable to the lender; or (ii) transfers to parties related to the borrower or other transfers permitted under the Mortgage Loan Documents. See “—Other Financing,” in this prospectus supplement and “Description of the Pooling Agreements-Due-on-Sale and Due-on-Encumbrance Provisions” and “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans-Due-on-Sale and Due-on-Encumbrance Provisions” in the prospectus. The Depositor makes no representation as to the enforceability of any due-on-sale or due-on-encumbrance provision in any Mortgage Loan.
Loans Subject to Government Assistance Programs. Certain of the Mortgage Loans may be secured now or in the future by Mortgaged Properties that are eligible for and have received low income housing tax credits pursuant to Section 42 of the Internal Revenue Code in respect of various units within the Mortgaged Property or have tenants that rely on rent subsidies under various government-funded programs, including the Section 8 Tenant-Based
Assistance Rental Certificate Program of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. The Depositor gives no assurance that such programs will be continued in their present form or that the level of assistance provided will be sufficient to generate enough revenues for the related borrower to meet its obligations under the related Mortgage Loan.
Delinquency. As of the Cut-off Date, none of the Mortgage Loans were 30 days or more delinquent, or had been 30 days or more delinquent during the 12 calendar months preceding the Cut-off Date.
Borrower Concentrations. Several groups of Mortgage Loans have related borrowers that are affiliated with one another through partial or complete direct or indirect common ownership, with the three largest of these groups representing [____]%,[____]%, and [____]%, respectively, of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance. See Annex A-1 for Mortgage Loans with related borrowers.
Single-Tenant Mortgage Loans. In the case of [____] Mortgaged Properties, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, one or more of the related Mortgaged Properties are [____]% leased to a single tenant (each such Mortgage Loan, a “Single-Tenant Mortgage Loan”). The Mortgaged Property securing each Single-Tenant Mortgage Loan is generally subject to a single space lease, which generally, but not in all cases, has a primary lease term that expires on or after the scheduled maturity date of the related Mortgage Loan. See Annex A-1 for loan maturity dates and lease expiration dates for the three largest tenants. The amount of the monthly rental payments payable by the tenant under the lease is equal to or greater than the scheduled payment of all principal, interest and other amounts (other than any Balloon Payment) due each month on the related Mortgage Loan. However, certain Single Tenant Mortgage Loans have lease expiration dates (or tenant termination options) that are prior to the related Mortgage Loan Maturity Date.
Geographic Location. The Mortgaged Properties are located throughout [____] states, with the largest concentrations by Initial Outstanding Pool Balance located in [_______]. See “Summary of the Prospectus Supplement—The Mortgage Pool-Characteristics of the Mortgage Pool—Property Locations” in this prospectus supplement for a table setting forth information about the jurisdictions with the greatest concentrations of Mortgaged Properties.
Cross-Collateralization and Cross-Default. [____] groups of the Mortgage Loans, collectively representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, are cross-defaulted and cross-collateralized, although in each case, the borrowers are different entities. In addition, under certain circumstances, including upon the assumption or defeasance of the cross-collateralized and cross-defaulted Mortgage Loan(s), the related loan documents permit the Mortgage Loans to be uncrossed. See “—Property Releases” above.
Loan Purpose. [______] of the Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, were originated in connection with the borrower’s acquisition of the related Mortgaged Property. [_____] of the Mortgage Loans, representing ____% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance, were originated in connection with the borrower’s refinancing of a previous mortgage loan.
[Modified Loans. [____] Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance Mortgage Loans that were modified due to previous delinquencies or impending delinquencies.] [Insert additional disclosure regarding delinquencies and modifications, to the extent material.]
[Refinanced Loans. [____] Mortgage Loans, representing [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance are re-financings of Mortgage Loans that were previously delinquent.] [Insert additional disclosure regarding delinquencies, to the extent material.]
Changes in Mortgage Pool Characteristics
The description in this prospectus supplement, including Annex A-1, of the Mortgage Pool and the Mortgaged Properties is based upon the Mortgage Pool as expected to be constituted at the close of business on the Cut-off Date, as adjusted for the scheduled principal payments due on the Mortgage Loans on or before the Cut-off Date. Prior to the issuance of the Offered Certificates, a Mortgage Loan may be removed from the Mortgage Pool if the Depositor deems such removal necessary or appropriate or if it is prepaid. This may cause the range of Mortgage Rates and maturities as well as the other characteristics of the Mortgage Loans to vary from those described herein.
A Current Report on Form 8-K (the “Form 8-K”) will be available to purchasers of the Offered Certificates and will be filed by the Depositor, together with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, with the Securities and Exchange Commission [on or prior to the date of the filing of this prospectus supplement][insert later date for filing permitted by the Securities and Exchange Commission]. In the event Mortgage Loans are removed from the Mortgage Pool as set forth in the preceding paragraph, such removal will be noted in the Form 8-K, and, if such removal or any other event results in any material pool characteristic of the actual Mortgage Pool differing by 5% or more (other than by reason of the mortgage loans converting into cash in accordance with their terms) from the description of the Mortgage Pool in the final prospectus supplement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, such Form 8-K will be filed no later than four business days after the initial issuance of the Offered Certificates. Such Form 8-K will be available to purchasers and potential purchasers of the Offered Certificates.
DESCRIPTION OF THE OFFERED CERTIFICATES
The Certificates will be issued pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and will consist of [____] classes (each, a “Class”) to be designated as the Class [X-C] Certificates, Class [X-P] Certificates, Class [A-1] Certificates, Class [A-2] Certificates, Class [A-3] Certificates, Class [A-4] Certificates, Class [A-AB] Certificates, Class [A-5A] Certificates, Class [A-5B] Certificates, Class [A-J] Certificates, Class [B] Certificates, Class [C] Certificates, Class [D] Certificates, Class [PEZ] Certificates, Class [E] Certificates, Class [F] Certificates, Class [G] Certificates, Class [H] Certificates, Class [J] Certificates, Class [K] Certificates, Class [L] Certificates, Class [M] Certificates, Class [N] Certificates, Class [O] Certificates, Class [P] Certificates, Class [R] Certificates and Class [LR] Certificates (collectively, the “Certificates”). Only the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [X-P], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D] and Class [PEZ] Certificates (the “Offered Certificates”) are offered hereby. The Class [X-C], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O], Class [P], Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates (the “Private Certificates”) are not offered hereby.
[The Class [__] and Class [__] Certificates are also referred to as the “Depositable Certificates” and the Class [PEZ] Certificates are also referred to as the “Exchangeable Certificates.” See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates” in this prospectus supplement.]
The Certificates represent in the aggregate the entire beneficial ownership interest in a Trust consisting of, among other things: (i) the Mortgage Loans and all payments under and proceeds of the Mortgage Loans due after the Cut-off Date; (ii) any Mortgaged Property acquired on behalf of the Trust through foreclosure, deed in lieu of foreclosure or otherwise (upon acquisition, an “REO Property”); (iii) such funds or assets as from time to time are deposited in the Collection Account, the Distribution Account, the Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account, the Interest Reserve Account and any account established in connection with REO Properties (an “REO Account”); (iv) the rights of the lender under all insurance policies with respect to the Mortgage Loans and the Mortgaged Properties, to the extent of the Trust’s interests therein; (v) the Depositor’s rights and remedies under the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements relating to document delivery requirements with respect to the Mortgage Loans and the representations and warranties of the related Mortgage Loan Seller regarding its Mortgage Loans; and (vi) all of the lender’s right, title and interest in the Reserve Accounts and Lock Box Accounts, in each case, to the extent of the Trust’s interests therein.
Upon initial issuance, the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [PEZ], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates (collectively, the “Principal Balance Certificates” and each a “Principal Balance Certificate”) will have the following aggregate principal balances (each, a “Certificate Balance”), in each case, subject to a variance of plus or minus 5%:
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Initial Aggregate
Certificate Balance
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Approximate Percent
of Initial Outstanding
Pool Balance
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Approximate Percent
of Credit Support
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Offered Certificates
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Class [A-1]
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Class [A-2]
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Class [A-3]
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Class [A-4]
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Class [A-AB]
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Class [A-5A]
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Class [A-5B]
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Class [X-P]
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Class [A-J]
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Class [B]
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Class [C]
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Class [D]
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Class [PEZ]
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Private Certificates
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Class [E]
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Class [F]
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Class [G]
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Class [H]
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Class [J]
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Class [K]
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Class [L]
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Class [M]
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Class [N]
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Class [O]
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Class [P]
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(1)
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Represents the approximate credit support for the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B] and Class [PEZ] Certificates in the aggregate. In addition, the Class [A-5A] Certificates have additional credit support provided by the Class [A-5B] Certificates.
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[On each Distribution Date immediately prior to giving effect to distributions of interest and principal on that Distribution Date, the aggregate [Certificate Balance][Notional Amount] of the Class or Classes of Exchangeable Certificates will equal the aggregate [Certificate Balance][Notional Amount] of the related classes of Depositable Certificates immediately prior to that Distribution Date.]
The Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates will each have a notional balance (the “Notional Balance”), which is used solely for the purpose of determining the amount of interest to be distributed on such Certificates. The Class [X-C] Certificates will have a Notional Balance equal to the aggregate Certificate Balance of the Principal Balance Certificates from time to time. The initial Notional Balance of the Class [X-C] Certificates will be $[__________]. The initial Notional Balance of the Class [X-P] Certificates will be $[__________].
The Notional Balance of the Class [X-P] Certificates will equal:
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during the period from the Closing Date through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-1] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-1A] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K] and Class [L] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-1] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of
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$[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-1A] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K] and Class [L] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-1] Certificates outstanding from time to time, and (b) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K] and Class [L] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-2] Certificates outstanding from time to time, and (b) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K] and Class [L] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-2] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [K] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H] and Class [J] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-2] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [J] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G] and Class [H] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-2] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [H] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F] and Class [G] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-2] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [G] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E] and Class [F] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-AB] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [G] Certificates outstanding from time to time
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and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E] and Class [F] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-5A] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [F] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D] and Class [E] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-5A] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [E] Certificate and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C] and Class [D] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-5A] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [E] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C] and Class [D] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-5A] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [E] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C] and Class [D] Certificates outstanding from time to time;
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during the period following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________] through and including the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], the sum of (a) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-5A] Certificates outstanding from time to time, (b) the lesser of $[_____________] and the Certificate Balance of the Class [D] Certificates outstanding from time to time and (c) the aggregate of the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B] and Class [C] Certificates outstanding from time to time; and
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following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________], $[_____________].
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It is anticipated that Holders of the Class [X-P] Certificates will not be entitled to distributions of interest at any time following the Distribution Date occurring in [_____________]. Upon initial issuance, the aggregate initial Notional Balance of the Class [X-C] Certificates and Class [X-P] Certificates will be $[_____________] and $[_____________], respectively, subject in each case to a permitted variance of plus or minus [___]%. The Notional Balance of the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates is used solely for the purpose of determining the amount of interest to be distributed on such Certificates and does not represent the right to receive any distributions of principal.
The Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates will not have Certificate Balances or Notional Balances.
The Certificate Balance of any Class of Certificates outstanding at any time represents the maximum amount which the holders thereof are entitled to receive as distributions allocable to principal from the cash flow on the Mortgage Loans and the other assets in the Trust; provided, however, that in the event that Realized Losses previously allocated to a Class of Certificates in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof are recovered subsequent to the reduction of the Certificate Balance of such Class to zero, such Class may receive distributions in respect of such recoveries in accordance with the priorities set forth under “—Distribution—Payment Priorities” in this prospectus supplement.
The respective Certificate Balance of each Class of Principal Balance Certificates will in each case be reduced by amounts actually distributed thereon that are allocable to principal and by any Realized Losses allocated to such Class of Certificates. The Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates represent a right to receive interest accrued as described below on a Notional Balance. The Notional Balance of the Class [X-C] Certificates will be reduced to the extent of all reductions in the aggregate Certificate Balance of the Principal Balance Certificates. The Notional Balance of the Class [X-P] Certificates will be reduced to the extent of all reductions in the Certificate Balance (or any portion thereof) of any Class of Certificates included in the calculation of the Notional Balance of the Class [X-P] Certificates on the related Distribution Date.
[Depositable and Exchangeable Certificates]
The Class [__] and Class [__] Certificates are “Depositable Certificates.” All or a portion of the Depositable Certificates may be exchanged for Class [PEZ] Certificates (the “Exchangeable Certificates”) in the combinations shown in Appendix D to this prospectus supplement. All or a portion of the Exchangeable Certificates may also be exchanged for related Depositable Certificates in the same manner. Depositable Certificates and Exchangeable Certificates in any combination may be exchanged only in the proportion that the original Certificate Balances or Notional Amounts, as applicable, of such certificates bear to one another as shown in Appendix D to this prospectus supplement. This process may occur repeatedly. Your ability to exchange your Depositable Certificates or Exchangeable Certificates are subject to the limitations described under “Risk Factors—The Depositable Certificates and the Exchangeable Certificates Are Subject to Additional Risks” above and “Exchange Example and Limitations” below.
Each Holder of a Depositable Certificate and Exchangeable Certificate will be the beneficial owner of the pool of mortgage loans backing the Offered Certificates. When Depositable Certificates are exchanged for Exchangeable Certificates, the outstanding balance of those Depositable Certificates will be reduced and the outstanding amount of the related Exchangeable Certificates will be increased by a proportionate amount, but the aggregate outstanding balance of Offered Certificates that represent beneficial ownership interests in the pool of mortgage loans backing the Offered Certificates will not be reduced or increased as a result of the exchange. Potential purchasers of Depositable Certificates and Exchangeable Certificates should consider the tax characteristics of such certificates as further discussed under “Material Federal Income Tax Consequences-Taxation of Exchangeable Certificates” in this prospectus supplement and “Federal Income Tax Consequences-Taxation of Classes of Exchangeable Certificates” in the prospectus.
Exchangeable Certificates Distribution Account
On or prior to the closing date, the paying agent will be required to establish an account (the “Exchangeable Certificates Distribution Account”) to be maintained in trust for the benefit of the holders of the Exchangeable Certificates. The paying agent will be required to deposit or cause to be deposited in the Exchangeable Certificates Distribution Account all amounts it receives that would have otherwise been payable to Depositable Certificates that are related to an Exchangeable Certificate, which will then be used to make distributions to the related Exchangeable Certificates. Funds on deposit in the Exchangeable Certificates Distribution Account will not be invested. The Exchangeable Certificates Distribution Account will be required to be an Eligible Account.
An “Eligible Account” will be an account (or accounts) that is maintained with a highly rated depository institution or trust company, which may include the paying agent, as set forth in the pooling and servicing agreement or a segregated trust account maintained with the trust department of a federal or state chartered depository institution or trust company (which, subject to the remainder of this sentence, may include the paying agent or the trustee) acting in its fiduciary capacity, and which, in either case, has a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 and is subject to supervision or examination by federal or state authority and to regulations regarding fiduciary funds on deposit similar to Title 12 of the Code of Federal Regulations Section 9.10(b).
Exchange Examples and Limitations
At the time of the proposed exchange, a certificateholder must own certificates of the related class or classes of Depositable Certificates or Exchangeable Certificates, as the case may be, in the proportions necessary to make the desired exchange (in each case, as reduced by principal distributions on the related classes of certificates). Depositable Certificates and Exchangeable Certificates in any combination may be exchanged only in the proportion that the original Certificate Balances or Notional Amounts, as applicable, of such certificates bear to one another as shown in Appendix D to this prospectus supplement. If a certificateholder does not own the necessary Depositable Certificates or Exchangeable Certificates, it may be unable to obtain the desired related Depositable Certificates or Exchangeable Certificates. A certificateholder may not be able to obtain the necessary certificates because, among other things, other certificateholders may refuse to sell its certificates at a reasonable (or any price) or may be unable to sell them, or certificates may have been purchased or placed into other financial structures and thus may be unavailable. In addition, principal distributions will decrease the amounts of Depositable Certificates and Exchangeable Certificates that are available for exchange over time.
Exchangeable Examples
An example of an exchange of Class [A-1] and Class [A-2] Depositable Certificates for Class [PEZ] Exchangeable Certificate is set forth below:
Classes of Depositable Certificates
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Classes of Exchangeable Certificates
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Classes of
Depositable Certificates
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Original Certificate Balance or Notional Amount
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Classes of
Exchangeable Certificates
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Original Certificate Balance or Notional Amount
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Class [A-1]
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$[100,000,000]
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[0.50]%
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Class [PEZ]
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$[200,000,000]
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Class [A-2]
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$[100,000,000]
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[0.50]%
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A certificateholder that purchases on the closing date $100,000,000 in certificate principal balance of Class [A-1] certificates that pay principal and interest, and $100,000,000 in certificate principal balance of Class [A-2] certificates that pay principal and interest, would be permitted to exchange those Depositable Certificates for $200,000,000 in certificate principal balance of Class [PEZ] Exchangeable Certificates which would have a pass-through rate of 0.50%. Prior to the exchange, the aggregate outstanding principal amount of each of the Class [A-1] and Class [A-2] certificates held by certificateholders would be equal to $200,000,000 and the outstanding amount of Class [PEZ] Certificates held by certificateholders would be $0. Those Class [PEZ] Certificates would instead be held by the paying agent and would not receive any distributions of principal or interest prior to any such exchange. After the exchange, the outstanding amount of each of the Class [A-1] and Class [A-2] certificates held by certificateholders would be reduced to $0 and those Class [A-1] and Class [A-2] certificates would then be held by the paying agent and the outstanding amount of Class [PEZ] Certificates held by certificateholders would increase to $200,000,000. Those Class [PEZ] Certificates would thereafter receive all distributions of principal and interest that would otherwise have been distributed to the Class [A-1] and Class [A-2] certificate if the exchange had not occurred and the Class [A-1] and Class [A-2] certificates would no longer receive any distributions of principal or interest, respectively.
However, if the certificateholder desiring to effectuate the foregoing exchange only owns $100,000,000 in certificate principal balance of Class [A-1] certificates but does not own and is not able to obtain $100,000,000 in certificate principal balance of Class [A-2] certificates (because, among other things, other certificateholders refuse to sell their Class [A-2] certificates at a reasonable (or any) price or such Class [A-2] certificates have been purchased or placed into other financial structures such as a collateralized debt obligation securitization and are thus unavailable), then that certificateholder will not be able to make the foregoing exchange of its Class [A-1] certificates for a proportionate amount of Class [PEZ] Certificates.
The foregoing is provided only by way of example. The various combinations of Depositable Certificates and Exchangeable Certificates that may be exchanged and the proportions in which they can be exchanged are shown on Appendix D to this prospectus supplement.
Upon the issuance of the Depositable Certificates and Exchangeable Certificates on the closing date, the Exchangeable Certificates will be held by the paying agent, on behalf of the trustee to facilitate the exchange of Depositable Certificates and Exchangeable Certificates on and after the closing date. At the request of the holder of a Class or Classes of Depositable Certificates, and upon the surrender of such Depositable Certificates, the paying agent, on behalf of the trustee, will be required to deliver Exchangeable Certificates in the respective denominations determined based on the proportions set forth on Appendix D. In addition, at the request of the holder of a Class or Classes of Exchangeable Certificates, and upon the surrender of such Exchangeable Certificates, the paying agent, on behalf of the trustee, will be required to deliver Depositable Certificates in the respective denominations determined based on the proportions set forth on Appendix D. In connection with any exchange of Depositable Certificates for Exchangeable Certificates or Exchangeable Certificates for Depositable Certificates, the certificate registrar will reduce the outstanding Certificate Balance or Notional Amount of such Depositable Certificates or Exchangeable Certificates, as applicable, on the certificate register, and will increase the outstanding amount of related Exchangeable Certificates or Depositable Certificates, respectively, on the certificate register.
If a holder of Depositable Certificates wishes to exchange its Depositable Certificates for the related Exchangeable Certificates or a holder of Exchangeable Certificates wishes to exchange its Exchangeable Certificates for the related Depositable Certificates, the certificateholder must notify the paying agent no later than three business days before the proposed exchange date. Notice to the paying agent may be provided by [email to [ ] or by telephone at [ ]]. The exchange date will be subject to the paying agent’s approval but it can generally be any business day other than the first or last business day of the month. The notice must (i) be on the certificateholder’s letterhead, (ii) carry a medallion stamp guarantee or be signed by an authorized signatory and be presented with an incumbency certificate and (iii) set forth the following information: the CUSIP number of both the certificates to be exchanged and the certificates to be received, the outstanding Certificate Balance and/or Notional Amount and the original Certificate Balance and/or Notional Amount of the certificates to be exchanged, the certificateholder’s DTC participant number and the proposed exchange date. After receiving the notice, the paying agent will e-mail the certificateholder with wire payment instructions relating to the exchange fee. The certificateholder will utilize the Deposit and Withdrawal System at DTC to exchange the certificates. A notice becomes irrevocable on the second business day before the proposed exchange date.
In connection with each exchange, the certificateholder must pay the paying agent a fee equal to [_]% of the outstanding Certificate Balance (or the Notional Amount, if no Certificate Balance) of the certificates to be exchanged. In no event, however, will the fee be either less than $[_____] or greater than $[_____]. The exchange will be completed upon the receipt by the paying agent of the exchange fee and the beneficial interest in the Depositable Certificates or Exchangeable Certificates, as applicable.
The first distribution on a Depositable Certificate or an Exchangeable Certificate received in an exchange transaction will be made on the first distribution date in the month following the month of the exchange to the certificateholder of record as of the close of business on the last day of the month of the exchange.]
Method, Timing and Amount. Distributions on the Certificates will be made on the [10th] day of each month or, if such [10th] day is not a business day, then on the next succeeding business day, commencing in [_____________] (each, a “Distribution Date”). All distributions (other than the final distribution on any Certificate) will be made by the Trustee to the persons in whose names the Certificates are registered at the close of business on the last business day of the calendar month immediately preceding the month in which such Distribution Date occurs or, if such day is not a business day, the preceding business day (the “Record Date”). Such distributions will be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account specified by the Certificateholder at a bank or other entity having appropriate facilities therefor, if such Certificateholder provides the Trustee with wiring instructions no less than five business days prior to the related Record Date, or otherwise by check mailed to such Certificateholder. The final distribution on any Offered Certificates will be made in like manner, but only upon presentment or surrender (for notation that the Certificate Balance has been reduced to zero) of such Certificate at the location specified in the notice to the holder of that Certificate of such final distribution. All distributions made with respect to a Class of Certificates on each Distribution Date will be allocated pro rata among the outstanding Certificates of
that Class based on their respective Percentage Interests. The “Percentage Interest” evidenced by any Offered Certificate is equal to the initial principal balance thereof as of the Closing Date divided by the initial Certificate Balance of the related Class.
The aggregate distribution to be made with respect to the Certificates on any Distribution Date will equal the Available Funds. The “Available Funds” for any Distribution Date will be the sum of the following amounts (i) all previously undistributed Monthly Payments or other receipts on account of principal and interest on or in respect of the Mortgage Loans (including Unscheduled Payments and Net REO Proceeds, if any, but excluding Excess Liquidation Proceeds) received by or on behalf of the Master Servicer in the Collection Period relating to such Distribution Date, (ii) all P&I Advances made by the Master Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, in respect of such Distribution Date, (iii) all other amounts received by the Master Servicer in such Collection Period and required to be deposited in the appropriate Collection Account by the Master Servicer pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement allocable to the Mortgage Loans for the applicable Collection Period, (iv) without duplication, any late Monthly Payments on or in respect of the Mortgage Loans received after the end of the Collection Period relating to such Distribution Date but prior to the close of business on the business day prior to the Master Servicer Remittance Date, (v) any amounts representing Prepayment Interest Shortfalls remitted by the Master Servicer to the appropriate Collection Account (as described under “—Prepayment Interest Shortfalls” below), and (vi) for the Distribution Date occurring in each March of each calendar year, the Withheld Amounts then on deposit in the Interest Reserve Account as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Accounts—Interest Reserve Account” below, but excluding the following:
(a) all amounts permitted to be used to reimburse the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, for previously unreimbursed Advances and Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts, and interest thereon as described in this prospectus supplement under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances”;
(b) the aggregate amount of the Servicing Fee (which includes the fees for the Master Servicer and the Trustee and fees for primary servicing functions), and the other Servicing Compensation (e.g., Net Prepayment Interest Excess, Net Default Interest, late payment fees (to the extent not applied to the reimbursement of interest on Advances and certain expenses, as provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement), assumption fees, loan modification fees, extension fees, loan service transaction fees, demand fees, beneficiary statement charges and similar fees) payable to the Master Servicer and the Trustee, and the Special Servicing Fee (and other amounts payable to the Special Servicer described in this prospectus supplement under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Special Servicing—Special Servicing Compensation”), together with interest on Advances to the extent provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and reinvestment earnings on payments received with respect to the Mortgage Loans that the Master Servicer or Special Servicer are entitled to receive as additional servicing compensation, in each case in respect of such Distribution Date;
(c) all amounts representing scheduled Monthly Payments due after the related Due Date;
(d) to the extent permitted by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, that portion of net liquidation proceeds, net insurance proceeds and net condemnation proceeds with respect to a Mortgage Loan which represents any unpaid Servicing Fee and special servicing compensation as described in this prospectus supplement, to which the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, any subservicer and the Trustee are entitled;
(e) all amounts representing certain fees and expenses, including indemnity amounts, reimbursable or payable to the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee and other amounts permitted to be retained by the Master Servicer or withdrawn pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement in respect of various items, including interest on Advances as provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement;
(f) Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges;
(g) any interest or investment income on funds on deposit in the Collection Account or any interest on Permitted Investments in which such funds may be invested;
(h) all amounts received with respect to each Mortgage Loan previously replaced, purchased or repurchased from the Trust Fund pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or a Mortgage Loan
Purchase Agreement during the related Collection Period and subsequent to the date as of which such Mortgage Loan was replaced, purchased or repurchased;
(i) the amount reasonably determined by the Trustee to be necessary to pay any applicable federal, state or local taxes imposed on the Upper-Tier REMIC or the Lower-Tier REMIC under the circumstances and to the extent described in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement; and
(j) with respect to any Distribution Date occurring in each February, and in any January occurring in a year that is not a leap year, in either case, unless such Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date, the Withheld Amounts to be deposited in the Interest Reserve Account in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The “Monthly Payment” with respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than any REO Loan) and any Due Date, is the scheduled monthly payment of principal, if any, and interest at the Mortgage Rate, excluding any Balloon Payment (but not excluding any constant Monthly Payment due on a Balloon Loan), which is payable by the related borrower on such Due Date under the related Note. The Monthly Payment with respect to an REO Loan for any Distribution Date is the monthly payment that would otherwise have been payable on the related Due Date had the related Note not been discharged, determined as set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and on the assumption that all other amounts, if any, due thereunder are paid when due.
“Unscheduled Payments” are all net liquidation proceeds, net insurance proceeds and net condemnation proceeds payable under the Mortgage Loans, the repurchase price of any Mortgage Loan repurchased by a Mortgage Loan Seller due to a breach of a representation or warranty made by it or as a result of a document defect in the mortgage file or the purchase price paid by the parties described in this prospectus supplement under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Optional Termination” and “—Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans,” and any other payments under or with respect to the Mortgage Loans not scheduled to be made, including Principal Prepayments received by the Master Servicer (but excluding Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges, if any) during such Collection Period. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Yield Considerations—Certain Relevant Factors” in this prospectus supplement.
“Net REO Proceeds” with respect to any REO Property and any related REO Loan are all revenues received by the Special Servicer with respect to such REO Property or REO Loan, net of any insurance premiums, taxes, assessments and other costs and expenses permitted to be paid therefrom pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
“Principal Prepayments” are payments of principal made by a borrower on a Mortgage Loan that are received in advance of the scheduled Due Date for such payments and that are not accompanied by an amount of interest representing the full amount of scheduled interest due on any date or dates in any month or months subsequent to the month of prepayment.
The “Collection Period” with respect to any Distribution Date and each Mortgage Loan, is the period that begins immediately following the Determination Date in the calendar month preceding the month in which such Distribution Date occurs (or, in the case of the initial Distribution Date, immediately following the Cut-off Date) and ends on the Determination Date in the calendar month in which such Distribution Date occurs, provided, that with respect to the payment by a borrower of a Balloon Payment on its related Due Date or during its related grace period, the Collection Period will extend up to and including the business day prior to the business day preceding the related Distribution Date.
If, in connection with any Distribution Date, the Trustee has reported the amount of an anticipated distribution to DTC based on the expected receipt of any monthly payment based on information set forth in a report of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, or any other monthly payment, Balloon Payment or prepayment expected to be or which is paid on the last two business days preceding such Distribution Date, and the related borrower fails to make such payments at such time or the Master Servicer revises its final report and as a result the Trustee revises its report to DTC after the DTC deadline, the Trustee will use commercially reasonable efforts to cause DTC to make the revised distribution on a timely basis on such Distribution Date, but there can be no assurance that DTC can do so. The Trustee, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer will not be liable or held responsible for any resulting delay (or claims by DTC resulting therefrom) in the making of such distribution to Certificateholders. In addition, if
the Trustee incurs out-of-pocket expenses, despite reasonable efforts to avoid/mitigate such expenses, as a consequence of a borrower failing to make such payments, the Trustee will be entitled to reimbursement from the Trust Fund. Any such reimbursement will constitute an expense of the Trust Fund.
The “Determination Date” is the earlier of (i) the [sixth] day of the month in which the related Distribution Date occurs, or if such sixth day is not a business day, then the immediately preceding business day, and (ii) the [fourth] business day prior to the related Distribution Date.
“Net Default Interest” with respect to any Mortgage Loan is any Default Interest accrued on such Mortgage Loan less amounts required to pay the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, interest on the related Advances at the Advance Rate and to reimburse the Trust for certain related expenses.
“Default Interest” with respect to any Mortgage Loan is interest accrued on such Mortgage Loan at the excess of (i) the related Default Rate over (ii) the related Mortgage Rate.
The “Default Rate” with respect to any Mortgage Loan is the per annum rate at which interest accrues on such Mortgage Loan following any event of default on such Mortgage Loan, including a default in the payment of a Monthly Payment or a Balloon Payment.
Payment Priorities. As used below in describing the priorities of distribution of Available Funds for each Distribution Date, the terms set forth below will have the following meanings:
The “Interest Accrual Amount” with respect to any Distribution Date and any Class of Certificates (other than the Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates), is an amount equal to interest for the related Interest Accrual Period at the Pass-Through Rate for such Class on the related Certificate Balance or Notional Balance, as applicable, outstanding immediately prior to such Distribution Date minus the amount of any Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall allocated to such Class with respect to such Distribution Date. Calculations of interest due in respect of the Certificates will be made on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months.
“Appraisal Reduction Amount” is the amount described under “—Appraisal Reductions” below.
The “Interest Accrual Period” with respect to any Distribution Date is the calendar month immediately preceding the month in which such Distribution Date occurs.
An “Interest Shortfall” with respect to any Distribution Date for any Class of Offered Certificates is any shortfall in the amount of interest required to be distributed on such Class on such Distribution Date. No interest accrues on Interest Shortfalls.
The “Pass-Through Rate” for any Class of Offered Certificates is the per annum rate at which interest accrues on the Certificates of such Class during any Interest Accrual Period. The Pass-Through Rate of the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4] and Class [A-AB] Certificates is a fixed per annum rate equal to [____]%,[____]%,[____]%,[____]% and [____]%, respectively. The Pass-Through Rate applicable to the Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B] and Class [A-J] Certificates will, at all times, equal the lesser of (i) the Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate and (ii) (a) [____]%, with respect to the Class [A-5A] Certificates, (b) [____]%, with respect to the Class [A-5B] Certificates, (c) [____]%, with respect to the Class [A-J] Certificates. The Pass-Through Rate applicable to the Class [B] and Class [C] Certificates will, at all times, equal the (i) Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate less (ii) (a) [____]%, with respect to the Class [B] Certificates and (b) [____]%, with respect to the Class [C] Certificates. The Pass-Through Rates applicable to the Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G] and Class [H] Certificates will, at all times, equal the Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate, which initially will be approximately [____]%. The Pass-Through Rates applicable to the Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates will, at all times, be equal to [____]% per annum subject to a cap of the Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate. The Pass-Through Rate applicable to the Class [X-C] Certificates for the initial Distribution Date is equal to approximately [___]% per annum. The Pass-Through Date applicable to the Class [X-P] Certificates for the initial Distribution Date is equal to approximately [___]% per annum.
The “Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate” for any Distribution Date is a per annum rate equal to a fraction (expressed as a percentage) the numerator of which is the sum for all Mortgage Loans of the product of (i) the Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate of each such Mortgage Loan as of the immediately preceding Distribution Date and (ii) the Stated Principal Balance of each such Mortgage Loan as of the immediately preceding Distribution Date, and the denominator of which is the sum of the Stated Principal Balances of all Mortgage Loans as of the immediately preceding Distribution Date.
The “Due Date” with respect to any Mortgage Loan and any month, is the [first] day of such month in the related collection period as specified in the related Note for that Mortgage Loan.
The “Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate” with respect to any Mortgage Loan and any Distribution Date is the Mortgage Rate for such Mortgage Loan for the related Interest Accrual Period minus the Servicing Fee Rate. For purposes of calculating the Pass-Through Rates on the Certificates, the Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate of each Mortgage Loan which accrues interest on an actual/360 basis for any one-month period preceding a related Due Date will be the annualized rate at which interest would have to accrue in respect of the Mortgage Loan on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months in order to produce the aggregate amount of interest actually required to be paid in respect of the Mortgage Loan during the one-month period at the related Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate; provided, however, that with respect to such Mortgage Loans, the Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate for the one month period (1) prior to the Due Dates in January and February in any year which is not a leap year or in February in any year which is a leap year unless the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date will be determined exclusive of the amounts withheld from that month, and (2) prior to the Due Date in March (or February, if the related Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date), will be determined inclusive of the amounts withheld from the immediately preceding February, and, if applicable, January.
The “Mortgage Rate” with respect to each Mortgage Loan, and any Interest Accrual Period is the annual rate at which interest accrues on such Mortgage Loan during such period (in the absence of a default), as set forth in the related Note from time to time (the initial rate is set forth on Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement); provided, however, that for purposes of calculating Pass-Through Rates, the Mortgage Rate for any Mortgage Loan will be determined without regard to any modification, waiver or amendment of the terms of that Mortgage Loan, whether agreed to by the Master Servicer or resulting from a bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceeding involving the related borrower and without regard to any excess interest.
The “Principal Distribution Amount” for any Distribution Date will be equal to the sum of the following items without duplication:
(i) the principal component of all scheduled Monthly Payments (other than Balloon Payments) due on the Mortgage Loans on or before the related Due Date (if received or advanced);
(ii) the principal component of all Assumed Scheduled Payments due on or before the related Due Date (if received or advanced) with respect to any Mortgage Loan that is delinquent in respect of its Balloon Payment;
(iii) the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan that was, during the related Collection Period, repurchased from the Trust Fund in connection with the breach of a representation or warranty or a document defect in the related mortgage file or purchased from the Trust as described in this prospectus supplement under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement-Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loans and REO Properties” and “—Optional Termination”;
(iv) the portion of Unscheduled Payments allocable to principal of any Mortgage Loan that was liquidated during the related Collection Period;
(v) the principal component of all Balloon Payments and any other principal payment on any Mortgage Loan received on or after the maturity date thereof, to the extent received during the related Collection Period;
(vi) all other Principal Prepayments received in the related Collection Period; and
(vii) any other full or partial recoveries in respect of principal of the Mortgage Loans, including net insurance proceeds, net liquidation proceeds and Net REO Proceeds received in the related Collection Period, net of any related outstanding P&I Advances allocable to principal;
as reduced by any (1) Nonrecoverable Advances plus interest on such Nonrecoverable Advances that are paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans [or, with respect to any Property Advances that are Nonrecoverable Advances, the Loan Combinations,] in a period during which such principal collections would have otherwise been included in the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date and (2) Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts that were paid or reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans [or, with respect to Property Advances, the Loan Combinations,] that are part of a Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount, in a period during which such principal collections would have otherwise been included in the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date (provided that, in the case of clauses (1) and (2) above, if any of the amounts that were reimbursed from principal collections on the Mortgage Loans or, with respect to Property Advances (that are Nonrecoverable Advances or part of a Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount), are subsequently recovered on the related Mortgage Loan [or, with respect to Property Advances, the Loan Combinations,] such recovery will increase the Principal Distribution Amount for the Distribution Date related to the period in which such recovery occurs).
The “Assumed Scheduled Payment” with respect to any Mortgage Loan that is delinquent in respect of its Balloon Payment (including any REO Loan as to which the Balloon Payment would have been past due) will be an amount equal to the sum of (a) the principal portion of the Monthly Payment that would have been due on such Mortgage Loan on the related Due Date (or the portion thereof not received) based on the constant Monthly Payment that would have been due on such Mortgage Loan on the related Due Date based on the constant payment required by the related Note and the amortization or payment schedule thereof (as calculated with interest at the related Mortgage Rate), if any, assuming such Balloon Payment has not become due after giving effect to any prior modification, and (b) interest at the applicable Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate.
An “REO Loan” is any Mortgage Loan [or the Loan Combination] as to which the related Mortgaged Property has become an REO Property.
The amounts available for distribution on the Certificates on any Distribution Date will generally be net of the following amounts:
Type / Recipient
|
Amount
|
Frequency
|
Source of Payment
|
Fees
|
|
|
|
Master Servicing Fee / Master Servicer
|
the Stated Principal Balance of each Mortgage Loan multiplied by the Master Servicing Fee Rate [calculated on the same basis as interest accrues on the mortgage loan]
|
monthly
|
Interest payment on the related mortgage loan
|
Additional Master Servicing
|
· prepayment interest excess
|
time to time
|
Any actual prepayment interest excess
|
Type / Recipient
|
Amount
|
Frequency
|
Source of Payment
|
Compensation / Master Servicer
|
· all late payment fees and net default interest accrued on non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans [(other than Companion Loans)] not used to pay interest on Advances and certain Trust Expenses
· [100]% of loan modification, extension and assumption fees on non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans [and the related Companion Loans] where the consent of the Special Servicer is not required ([50]% where the consent of the Special Servicer is required)
· [100]% of loan service transaction fees, beneficiary statement charges and or similar items (but excluding prepayment premiums and yield maintenance charges) on non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans where the consent of the Special Servicer is not required ([50]% where the consent of the Special Servicer is required)
|
time to time
|
The related fees
|
|
· all investment income earned on amounts on deposit in the Collection Account and certain Reserve Accounts
|
monthly
|
the investment income
|
Special Servicing Fee / Special Servicer
|
the Stated Principal Balance of each Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan multiplied by the Special Servicing Fee Rate [calculated on the same basis as interest accrues on the mortgage loan]
|
monthly
|
collections on the related mortgage loan
|
Workout Fee / Special Servicer
|
[__]% of each collection of principal and interest on each Corrected Mortgage Loan
|
monthly
|
the related collection of principal or interest
|
Liquidation Fee / Special Servicer
|
[__]% of each recovery of Liquidation Proceeds, except as specified under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Special Servicing—Special Servicing Compensation
|
upon receipt of Liquidation Proceeds
|
the related Liquidation Proceeds
|
Type / Recipient
|
Amount
|
Frequency
|
Source of Payment
|
Additional Special Servicing Compensation / Special Servicer
|
· all late payment fees and net default interest accrued on Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans [(other than Companion Loans)] not used to pay interest on Advances and certain Trust expenses
· [50]% of loan modification, extension and assumption fees on non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans [and the related Companion Loans] where the consent of the Special Servicer is required and [100]% of such fees on Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans [and the related Companion Loans]
· [50]% of loan service transaction fees, beneficiary statement charges and or similar items (but excluding prepayment premiums and yield maintenance charges) on non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans where the consent of the Special Servicer is required and [100]% of such fees on Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans [and the related Companion Loans]
|
from time to time
|
the related fees
|
|
· all investment income received on funds in any REO Account
|
monthly
|
the investment income
|
Trustee Fee / Trustee
|
· the trustee fee rate multiplied by the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans [calculated on the same basis as interest accrues on the mortgage loan]
|
monthly
|
payment of interest on the related mortgage loan
|
Expenses
|
|
|
|
Property Advances / Master Servicer and Special Servicer / Trustee [/Fiscal Agent]
|
to the extent of funds available, the amount of any Property Advances.
|
time to time
|
Recoveries on the related mortgage loan, or to the extent that the party making the advance determines it is nonrecoverable, from collections in the Collection Account.
|
Interest on Property Advances /
|
at Prime Rate
|
when Advance is reimbursed
|
first from late payment
|
Type / Recipient
|
|
Amount
|
Frequency
|
Source of Payment
|
Master Servicer and Special Servicer / Trustee [/Fiscal Agent]
|
|
|
|
charges and default interest in excess of the regular interest rate, and then from all collections in the Collection Account
|
P&I Advances / Master Servicer / Trustee [/Fiscal Agent]
|
|
to the extent of funds available, the amount of any P&I Advances
|
time to time
|
Recoveries on the related mortgage loan, or to the extent that the party making the advance determines it is nonrecoverable, from collections in the Collection Account.
|
Interest on P&I Advances / Master Servicer / Trustee [/Fiscal Agent]
|
|
at Prime Rate
|
when Advance is reimbursed
|
first from late payment charges and default interest in excess of the regular interest rate, and then from all collections in the Collection Account.
|
Indemnification Expenses / Trustee, Master Servicer and Special Servicer
|
|
amounts for which the trustee, the master servicer and the special servicer are entitled to indemnification.
|
|
all collections in the Collection Account
|
Trust Fund Expenses not Advanced (may include environmental remediation costs, appraisals, independent contractor to operate REO)
|
|
Based on third party charges
|
from time to time
|
all collections in the Collection Account
|
Pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, any successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer assuming the obligations of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement generally will be entitled to the compensation to which the Master Servicer or Special Servicer would have been entitled. If no successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer can be obtained to perform such obligations for such compensation, additional amounts payable to such successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer will be treated as Realized Losses. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement does not provide for any successor Trustee to receive compensation in excess of that paid to its predecessor Trustee.
Distribution of Available Funds. On each Distribution Date, prior to the Crossover Date, the Available Funds for such Distribution Date will be distributed in the following amounts and order of priority:
First, , to pay interest, pro rata,
|
·
|
on the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB] and Class [A-5] Certificates from the Available Funds for such Distribution Date up to an amount equal to the aggregate Interest Accrual Amount for those Classes, in each case in accordance with their respective interest entitlements, provided that interest distributed to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates up to their interest entitlement and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates up to their interest entitlement; and
|
|
·
|
on the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates from the Available Funds for such Distribution Date up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount for each such Class;
|
provided, however, if on any Distribution Date, the Available Funds (or applicable portion thereof) are insufficient to pay in full the total amount of interest to be paid to any of the Classes described in this clause First, the Available Funds for such Distribution Date will be allocated among all those Classes pro rata, in accordance with their respective interest entitlements;
Second, , pro rata, to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5], and Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Classes, provided that interest distributed to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates up to their interest entitlement and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates up to their interest entitlement;
Third, , in reduction of the Certificate Balances thereof, to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A] and Class [A-5B] Certificates:
(1)
|
first, to the Class [A-AB] Certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date, until the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-AB] Certificates has been reduced to the Planned Principal Balance as set forth on Annex A-3 for such Distribution Date,
|
(2)
|
then, to the Class [A-1] Certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount for such Distribution Date (or the portion remaining after distributions on the Class [A-AB] Certificates pursuant to clause (i) above), until the Class [A-1] Certificates are reduced to zero,
|
(3)
|
then, to the Class [A-2] Certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after distributions to the Class [A-AB] Certificates pursuant to clause (i) above and distributions on the Class [A-1] Certificates) for such Distribution Date, until the Class [A-2] Certificates are reduced to zero,
|
(4)
|
then, to the Class [A-3] Certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after distributions to the Class [A-AB] Certificates pursuant to clause (i) above and distributions on the Class [A-1] and Class [A-2] Certificates) for such Distribution Date, until the Class [A-3] Certificates have been reduced to zero,
|
(5)
|
then, to the Class [A-4] Certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after distributions to the Class [A-AB] Certificates pursuant to clause (i) above and distributions on the Class [A-1], Class [A-2] and Class [A-3] Certificates) for such Distribution Date, until the Class [A-4] Certificates have been reduced to zero,
|
(6)
|
then, to the Class [A-AB] Certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after distributions to the Class [A-AB] Certificates pursuant to clause (i) above and distributions on the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3] and Class [A-4] Certificates) for such Distribution Date, until the Class [A-AB] Certificates have been reduced to zero,
|
(7)
|
then, to the Class [A-5A] Certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after distributions on the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4] and Class [A-AB] Certificates) for such Distribution Date, until the Class [A-5A] Certificates have been reduced to zero,
|
(8)
|
then, to the Class [A-5B] Certificates, in an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount (or the portion of it remaining after distributions on the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB] and Class [A-5A] Certificates) for such Distribution Date, until the Class [A-5B] Certificates have been reduced to zero;
|
Fourth, , to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4] and Class [A-AB], Class [A-5] Certificates, pro rata, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class, provided that such amounts in respect of the Class [A-5] Certificates will be allocated first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates until such unreimbursed Realized Losses are reimbursed together with all applicable interest at the applicable Pass-Through Rate and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates;
Fifth, , to the Class [A-J] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Sixth, , to the Class [A-J] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Seventh, , to the Class [A-J] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Eighth, , to the Class [A-J] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Ninth, , to the Class [B] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Tenth, , to the Class [B] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Eleventh, , to the Class [B] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Twelfth, , to the Class [B] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Thirteenth, , to the Class [C] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Fourteenth, , to the Class [C] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Fifteenth, , to the Class [C] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Sixteenth, , to the Class [C] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Seventeenth, , to the Class [D] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Eighteenth, , to the Class [D] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Nineteenth, , to the Class [D] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Twentieth, , to the Class [D] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Twenty-first, , to the Class [E] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Twenty-second, , to the Class [E] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Twenty-third, , to the Class [E] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Twenty-fourth, , to the Class [E] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Twenty-fifth, , to the Class [F] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Twenty-sixth, , to the Class [F] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Twenty-seventh, , to the Class [F] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Twenty-eighth, , to the Class [F] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Twenty-ninth, , to the Class [G] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Thirtieth, , to the Class [G] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Thirty-first, , to the Class [G] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Thirty-second, , to the Class [G] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Thirty-third, , to the Class [H] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Thirty-fourth, , to the Class [H] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Thirty-fifth, , to the Class [H] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Thirty-sixth, , to the Class [H] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Thirty-seventh, , to the Class [J] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Thirty-eighth, , to the Class [J] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Thirty-ninth, , to the Class [J] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Fortieth, , to the Class [J] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Forty-first, , to the Class [K] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Forty-second, , to the Class [K] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Forty-third, , to the Class [K] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Forty-fourth, , to the Class [K] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Forty-fifth, , to the Class [L] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Forty-sixth, , to the Class [L] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Forty-seventh, , to the Class [L] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Forty-eighth, , to the Class [L] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Forty-ninth, , to the Class [M] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Fiftieth, , to the Class [M] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Fifty-first, , to the Class [M] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Fifty-second, , to the Class [M] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Fifty-third, , to the Class [N] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Fifty-fourth, , to the Class [N] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Fifty-fifth, , to the Class [N] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Fifty-sixth, , to the Class [N] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Fifty-seventh, , in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Fifty-eighth, , to the Class [O] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Fifty-ninth, , to the Class [O] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Sixtieth, , to the Class [O] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class;
Sixty-first, , to the Class [P] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the Interest Accrual Amount of such Class;
Sixty-second, , to the Class [P] Certificates, in respect of interest, up to an amount equal to the aggregate unpaid Interest Shortfalls previously allocated to such Class;
Sixty-third, , to the Class [P] Certificates, in reduction of the Certificate Balance thereof, an amount equal to the Principal Distribution Amount less amounts of Principal Distribution Amount distributed pursuant to all prior clauses until the Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero;
Sixty-fourth, , to the Class [P] Certificates, to the extent not distributed pursuant to all prior clauses, for the unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses, if any, an amount equal to the aggregate of such unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Class; and
Sixty-fifth, , to the Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates as specified in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
All references to “pro rata” in the preceding clauses unless otherwise specified mean pro rata based upon the amount distributable pursuant to such clause.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, on each Distribution Date occurring on or after the Crossover Date, the Principal Distribution Amount will be distributed to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], and Class [A-5] Certificates, pro rata, based on their respective Certificate Balances, in reduction of their respective Certificate Balances, until the Certificate Balance of each such Class is reduced to zero, provided that Principal Distribution Amounts distributed to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates until the aggregate Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates until the aggregate Certificate Balance of such Class is reduced to zero, and any unreimbursed amounts of Realized Losses previously allocated to such Classes, if available, will be distributed pro rata based on the amount of unreimbursed Realized Losses previously allocated to such Classes, provided that such amounts with respect to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be allocated first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates until such unreimbursed Realized Losses are reimbursed, together with interest at the applicable Pass-Through Rate, and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates. The “Crossover Date” is the Distribution Date on which the Certificate Balance of each Class of Principal Balance Certificates, other than the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], and Class [A-5] Certificates, have been reduced to zero. The Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates will not be entitled to any distribution of principal.
[Exchangeable Certificates]
[If Exchangeable Certificates are outstanding and held by certificateholders then those certificates will receive principal and interest that would otherwise have been payable on the same proportion of related Depositable Certificates if those certificates were outstanding and held by certificateholders. In addition, outstanding Exchangeable Certificates will bear a proportionate share of losses and Net Aggregate Prepayment Interest Shortfalls that would otherwise have been allocable to the related Depositable Certificates if those certificates were outstanding and held by certificateholders. Any such allocations of principal, interest, losses or Net Aggregate Prepayment Interest Shortfalls as between classes of Exchangeable Certificates and Depositable Certificates will have no effect on the principal or interest entitlements of, or the allocation of losses or Net Aggregate Prepayment Interest Shortfalls to, any other Class of Certificates.]
Class [A-AB] Planned Principal Balance
On each Distribution Date, the Class [A-AB] Certificates have priority with respect to receiving distributions of principal to reduce the Class [A-AB] Certificate Balance to the Planned Principal Balance for such Distribution Date as described in “—Distributions—Distribution of Available Funds” above. The “Planned Principal Balance” for any Distribution Date is the balance shown for such Distribution Date in the table set forth in Annex A-3 to the prospectus supplement. These balances were calculated using, among other things, the Modeling Assumptions. Based on the Modeling Assumptions, the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-AB] Certificates on each Distribution Date would be reduced to the balance indicated for the related Distribution Date on Annex A-3. We cannot assure you, however, that the Mortgage Loans will perform in conformity with the Modeling Assumptions or that the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-AB] Certificates on any Distribution Date will equal the balance that is specified for that Distribution Date on Annex A-3. In general, once the Certificate Balances of the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3] and Class [A-4] Certificates have been reduced to zero, any remaining portion on any Distribution Date of the Principal Distribution Amount will be distributed to the Class [A-AB] Certificates until the Certificate Balance of the Class [A-AB] Certificates is reduced to zero.
[If applicable to any transaction, insert the disclosure required by Item 1113(a)(7) of Regulation AB regarding trigger events.]
Prepayment Premiums, Yield Maintenance Charges
On any Distribution Date, Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges collected during the related Collection Period will be required to be distributed by the Trustee to the holders of the Class [A-1] through Class [H] Certificates in the following manner: Such holders will receive the product of (a) a fraction, not greater than one, the numerator of which is the amount of principal distributed to such class on such Distribution Date and the denominator of which is the total amount of principal distributed to the holders of the Class [A-1] through Class [H] Certificates, (b) the Base Interest Fraction for the related principal prepayment and such Class of Certificates and (c) Prepayment Premiums or the Yield Maintenance Charges, as applicable, collected on such principal prepayment during the related Collection Period.
Any Yield Maintenance Charges or Prepayment Premiums collected during the related Collection Period remaining after such distributions will be distributed to the holders of the Class [X-C] Certificates.
The “Base Interest Fraction” for any principal prepayment on any Mortgage Loan and for any of the Class [A-1] through Class [H] Certificates, will be a fraction (not greater than one) (a) whose numerator is the greater of zero and the amount, if any, by which (i) the Pass-Through Rate on such Class of Certificates exceeds (ii) the yield rate (as provided by the Master Servicer) used in calculating the Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge, as applicable, with respect to such principal prepayment and (b) whose denominator is the amount, if any, by which the (i) Mortgage Rate on such Mortgage Loan exceeds (ii) the yield rate (as provided by the Master Servicer) used in calculating the Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge, as applicable, with respect to such principal prepayment; provided, however, that if such yield rate is greater than or equal to the lesser of (x) the Mortgage Rate on such Mortgage Loan and (y) the Pass-Through Rate described in the clause (a)(i) above, then the Base Interest Fraction will be zero.
[In the case of the Loan Combinations, Prepayment Premiums or Yield Maintenance Charges actually collected in respect of such Loan Combination will be allocated ratably in proportion based on the amount prepaid to the Mortgage Loan and the related Companion Loans.]
Application Priority of Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] Collections
Absent express provisions in the related Mortgage Loan Documents [or, with respect to any Loan Combination, the related co-lender agreement,] and after an event of default under the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] (that has not been cured or waived), all amounts collected by or on behalf of the Trust in respect of any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] in the form of payments from the related borrower, Liquidation Proceeds, condemnation proceeds or insurance proceeds will be applied, pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, in the following order of priority:
First, , as a recovery of any unreimbursed Advances with respect to the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] and unpaid interest on all Advances and, if applicable, unreimbursed and unpaid expenses of the Trust with respect to the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Second, as a recovery of Nonrecoverable Advances and any interest on those Nonrecoverable Advances, to the extent previously reimbursed from principal collections with respect to the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Third, , to the extent not previously reimbursed pursuant to clause First, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] (exclusive of Default Interest) to the extent of the excess of (i) accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] at the related Mortgage Rate to but not including the date of receipt by or on behalf of the Trust (or, in the case of a full Monthly Payment, through the related Due Date), over (ii) the cumulative amount of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts (to the extent collections have not been applied as recovery of accrued and unpaid interest pursuant to clause Fifth below on earlier dates);
Fourth, , to the extent not previously reimbursed pursuant to clause First, as a recovery of principal of such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] then due and owing, including by reason of acceleration of such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] following a default thereunder (or, if the Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] has been liquidated, as a recovery of principal to the extent of its entire remaining unpaid principal balance);
Fifth, , as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] to the extent of the cumulative amount of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts (to the extent collections have not been applied as recovery of accrued and unpaid interest pursuant to this clause Fifth on earlier dates);
Sixth, , as a recovery of amounts to be currently applied to the payment of, or escrowed for the future payment of, real estate taxes, assessments and insurance premiums and similar items relating to such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Seventh, , as a recovery of any other reserves to the extent then required to be held in escrow with respect to such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Eighth, , as a recovery of any Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Ninth, , as a recovery of any late payment charges and Default Interest then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Tenth, , as a recovery of any assumption fees, assumption application fees and Modification Fees then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Eleventh, , as a recovery of any other amounts then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] other than remaining unpaid principal; and
Twelfth, , as a recovery of any remaining principal of such Mortgage Loan or Loan Combination to the extent of its entire remaining unpaid principal balance;
provided that, to the extent required under the REMIC provisions of the Code, payments or proceeds received with respect to any partial release of a Mortgaged Property at a time when the loan-to-value ratio of the related Mortgage Loan [(including any Loan Combination)] exceeds 125% must be applied to reduce the principal balance of the Mortgage Loan in the manner permitted by such REMIC provisions.
Collections by or on behalf of the Trust in respect of any REO Property (exclusive of the amounts to be applied to the payment of the costs of operating, managing, leasing, maintaining and disposing of such REO Property [and, if applicable, exclusive of any amounts payable to the holder of any related Companion Loan pursuant to the related co-lender agreement]) will be applied, pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, in the following order of priority:
First, , as a recovery of any unreimbursed Advances with respect to the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] and interest on all Advances and, if applicable, unreimbursed and unpaid expenses of the Trust with respect to the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Second, , as a recovery of Nonrecoverable Advances or interest on those Nonrecoverable Advances, to the extent previously reimbursed from principal collections with respect to the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Third, , to the extent not previously reimbursed pursuant to clause First, as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] (exclusive of Default Interest) to the extent of the excess of (i) accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] at the related Mortgage Rate to but not including the Due Date in the Collection Period in which such collections were received, over (ii) the cumulative amount of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts (to the extent collections have not been applied as recovery of accrued and unpaid interest pursuant to clause Fifth below on earlier dates);
Fourth, , to the extent not previously reimbursed pursuant to clause First, as a recovery of principal of such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] to the extent of its entire unpaid principal balance;
Fifth, , as a recovery of accrued and unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] to the extent of the cumulative amount of the reductions (if any) in the amount of related P&I Advances for such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] that have occurred in connection with related Appraisal Reduction Amounts (to the extent collections have not been applied as recovery of accrued and unpaid interest pursuant to this clause Fifth on earlier dates);
Sixth, , as a recovery of any Yield Maintenance Charge or Prepayment Premium then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Seventh, , as a recovery of any late payment charges and Default Interest then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination];
Eighth, , as a recovery of any assumption fees, assumption application fees and Modification Fees then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination]; and
Ninth, , as a recovery of any other amounts then due and owing under such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] other than remaining unpaid principal.
Assumed Final Distribution Date; Rated Final Distribution Date
The “Assumed Final Distribution Date” with respect to any class of Offered Certificates is the Distribution Date on which the aggregate Certificate Balance or Notional Amount, as the case may be, of that class of Certificates
would be reduced to zero based on the assumptions set forth below. The Assumed Final Distribution Date will in each case be as follows:
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Assumed Final Distribution Date
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Class [A-1]
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Class [A-2]
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Class [A-3]
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Class [A-4]
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Class [A-AB]
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Class [A-5A]
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Class [A-5B]
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Class [X-P]
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Class [A-J]
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Class [B]
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Class [C]
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Class [D]
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Class [PEZ]
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The Assumed Final Distribution Dates set forth above were calculated without regard to any delays in the collection of Balloon Payments and without regard to a reasonable liquidation time with respect to any Mortgage Loans that may become delinquent. Accordingly, in the event of defaults on the Mortgage Loans, the actual final Distribution Date for one or more classes of the Offered Certificates may be later, and could be substantially later, than the related Assumed Final Distribution Date(s).
[In addition, the Assumed Final Distribution Dates set forth above were calculated on the basis of a 0% CPR and based on the Modeling Assumptions (as defined herein under “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Weighted Average Life”)]. Since the rate of payment (including prepayments) of the Mortgage Loans may exceed the scheduled rate of payments, and could exceed that scheduled rate by a substantial amount, the actual final Distribution Date for one or more classes of the Offered Certificates may be earlier, and could be substantially earlier, than the related Assumed Final Distribution Date(s). The rate of payments (including prepayments) on the Mortgage Loans will depend on the characteristics of the Mortgage Loans, as well as on the prevailing level of interest rates and other economic factors, and we cannot assure you as to actual payment experience. Finally, the Assumed Distribution Dates were calculated assuming that there would not be an early termination of the Trust Fund.
[The “Rated Final Distribution Date” of the Offered Certificates will be _____________, the first Distribution Date after the [ ]th month following the end of the amortization term for the Mortgage Loan that, as of the Cut-off Date, will have the longest remaining amortization term.]
The Certificate Balance of the Certificates will be reduced without distribution on any Distribution Date to the extent of any Realized Loss allocated to the applicable Class of Certificates on such Distribution Date. As referred to herein, “Realized Loss” with respect to any Distribution Date means the amount, if any, by which the aggregate Certificate Balance of the Regular Certificates (other than the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates) after giving effect to distributions made on such Distribution Date exceeds the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans (for purposes of this calculation only, the aggregate Stated Principal Balance will not be reduced by the amount of principal payments received on the Mortgage Loans that were used to reimburse the Master Servicer or the Trustee from general collections of principal on the Mortgage Loans for Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts, to the extent those amounts are not otherwise determined to be Nonrecoverable Advances) immediately following the Determination Date preceding such Distribution Date. Any such Realized Losses will be applied to the Classes of Principal Balance Certificates in the following order, until the Certificate Balance of each is reduced to zero: first, to the Class [P] Certificates, second, to the Class [O] Certificates, third, to the Class [N] Certificates, fourth, to the Class [M] Certificates, fifth, to the Class [L] Certificates, sixth, to the Class [K] Certificates, seventh, to the Class [J] Certificates, eighth, to the Class [H] Certificates, ninth, to the Class [G] Certificates, tenth, to the Class [F] Certificates, eleventh, to the Class [E] Certificates, twelfth, to the Class [D] Certificates, thirteenth, to the Class [C] Certificates, fourteenth, to the Class [B] Certificates, fifteenth, to the Class [A-J] Certificates and finally, pro rata, to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], and Class [A-5] Certificates based on
their respective Certificate Balances, provided that losses allocated to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5B] Certificates and then to the Class [A-5A] Certificates. Any amounts recovered in respect of any such amounts previously allocated as Realized Losses will be distributed to the Classes of Principal Balance Certificates in reverse order of allocation of such Realized Losses thereto. Shortfalls in Available Funds resulting from the following expenses will be allocated in the same manner as Realized Losses:
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interest on Advances (to the extent not covered by Default Interest and late payment fees);
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additional servicing compensation (including the special servicing fee);
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extraordinary expenses of the Trust and other additional expenses of the Trust;
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a reduction of the interest rate of a Mortgage Loan by a bankruptcy court pursuant to a plan of reorganization or pursuant to any of its equitable powers; or
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a reduction in interest rate or a forgiveness of principal of a Mortgage Loan as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Modifications,” in this prospectus supplement or otherwise.
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Net Prepayment Interest Shortfalls, as described under “—Prepayment Interest Shortfalls” in this prospectus supplement, will be allocated to, and be deemed distributed to, each Class of Certificates, pro rata, based upon amounts distributable in respect of interest to each such Class (without giving effect to any such allocation of Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall). The Notional Balances of the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates will be reduced to reflect reductions in the Certificate Balances of the Classes of Principal Balance Certificates that are included in the calculation of such Notional Balances, as set forth above, as a result of write-offs in respect of final recovery determinations in respect of liquidation of defaulted Mortgage Loans.
The “Stated Principal Balance” of each Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] will generally equal the Cut-off Date Balance thereof (or in the case of a Replacement Mortgage Loan, the outstanding principal balance as of the related date of substitution and after application of all scheduled payments of principal and interest due on or before the related Due Date in the month of substitution, whether or not received), reduced (to not less than zero) on each Distribution Date by (i) all payments or other collections (or P&I Advances in lieu thereof) of principal of such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] that have been distributed to the Certificateholder [or holders of the related Companion Loan] on such Distribution Date or applied to any other payments required under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement on or prior to such date of determination and (ii) any principal forgiven by the Special Servicer and other principal losses realized in respect of such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] during the related Collection Period.
Prepayment Interest Shortfalls
For any Distribution Date, a “Prepayment Interest Shortfall” will arise with respect to any Mortgage Loan if (i) a borrower makes a full Principal Prepayment or a Balloon Payment during the related Collection Period or (ii) a prepayment due to receipt of insurance proceeds, Liquidation Proceeds or condemnation proceeds, as applicable, and the date such payment was made or amounts received (or, in the case of a Balloon Payment, the date through which interest thereon accrues) occurred prior to the Due Date for such Mortgage Loan in the related Collection Period. Such a shortfall arises because the amount of interest which accrues on the amount of such Principal Prepayment, the principal portion of a Balloon Payment or prepayment due to the receipt of insurance proceeds, Liquidation Proceeds or condemnation proceeds, as the case may be, will be less than the corresponding amount of interest accruing on the Certificates and fees payable to the Trustee and the Master Servicer. In such case, the Prepayment Interest Shortfall will generally equal the excess of (a) the aggregate amount of interest which would have accrued on the Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan for the one month period ending on such Due Date if such Principal Prepayment, Balloon Payment or prepayment due to receipt of insurance proceeds, Liquidation Proceeds or condemnation proceeds had not been made over (b) the aggregate interest that did so accrue through the date such payment was made.
In any case in which a Principal Prepayment in full or in part, a Balloon Payment or prepayment due to receipt of insurance proceeds, Liquidation Proceeds or condemnation proceeds is made during any Collection Period after the Due Date for a Mortgage Loan in the related Collection Period, a “Prepayment Interest Excess” will arise since the amount of interest which accrues on the amount of such Principal Prepayment, the principal portion of a Balloon Payment or prepayment due to receipt of insurance proceeds, Liquidation Proceeds or condemnation proceeds will exceed the corresponding amount of interest accruing on the Certificates and fees payable to the Trustee and the Master Servicer.
With respect to any Mortgage Loan (other than a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan) that has been subject to a Principal Prepayment and a Prepayment Interest Shortfall (other than at the request of or with the consent of the Directing Holder), the Master Servicer of such Mortgage Loan will be required to deliver to the Trustee for deposit in the Distribution Account, without any right of reimbursement therefor, a cash payment (the “Master Servicer Prepayment Interest Shortfall”), in an amount equal to the lesser of (x) the aggregate amount of Prepayment Interest Shortfalls incurred in connection with Principal Prepayments received in respect of the Mortgage Loans serviced by it (other than a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan) during the related Collection Period, and (y) the aggregate of (A) the portion of its Master Servicing Fee that is being paid in such Collection Period with respect to the Mortgage Loans serviced by it (other than a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan) and (B) all Prepayment Interest Excess received during the related Collection Period on the Mortgage Loans (other than a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan) serviced by the Master Servicer; provided, however, that the rights of the Certificateholders to offset of the aggregate Prepayment Interest Shortfalls will not be cumulative. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, if any Mortgage Loan (other than a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan) has been subject to a Principal Prepayment and a Prepayment Interest Shortfall as a result of (i) the payment of insurance proceeds or condemnation proceeds, (ii) subsequent to a default under the related Mortgage Loan Documents (provided that the Master Servicer reasonably believes that acceptance of such prepayment is consistent with the Servicing Standard), (iii) pursuant to applicable law or a court order, the portion of the Master Servicing Fee described in clause (A) of the preceding sentence shall be limited to that portion of its Master Servicing Fee computed at a rate of [____]% per annum and paid in such Collection Period with respect to the Mortgage Loans (other than Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans).
“Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall” means the aggregate Prepayment Interest Shortfalls in excess of the Master Servicer Prepayment Interest Shortfall. The Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall will generally be allocated to each Class of Certificates, pro rata, based on interest amounts distributable (without giving effect to any such allocation of Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall) to each such Class.
To the extent that the Prepayment Interest Excess exceeds the Prepayment Interest Shortfalls as of any Distribution Date, such excess amount (the “Net Prepayment Interest Excess”) will be payable to the Master Servicer as additional compensation.
As a means of providing a certain amount of protection to the holders of the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates (except as set forth below) against losses associated with delinquent and defaulted Mortgage Loans, the rights of the holders of the Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates (collectively, the “Subordinate Certificates”) to receive distributions of interest and principal (if applicable) with respect to the Mortgage Loans, as applicable, will be subordinated to such rights of the holders of the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5], Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates, provided that distributions of interest and principal (if applicable) with respect to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be allocated first to the Class [A-5A] Certificates up to their entitlement and then to the Class [A-5B] Certificates up to their entitlement. The Class [A-J] Certificates will be likewise protected by the subordination of the Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates. The Class [B] Certificates will be likewise protected by the subordination of the Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates. The Class [C] Certificates will be likewise protected by the subordination of the Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates. The Class [D] Certificates will be likewise protected by the subordination of the Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class
[J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates. This subordination will be effected in two ways: (i) by the preferential right of the holders of a Class of Regular Certificates to receive on any Distribution Date the amounts of interest and principal distributable in respect of such Regular Certificates on such date prior to any distribution being made on such Distribution Date in respect of any Classes of Regular Certificates subordinate thereto, and (ii) by the allocation of Realized Losses, first, to the Class [P] Certificates, second, to the Class [O] Certificates, third, to the Class [N] Certificates, fourth, to the Class [M] Certificates, fifth, to the Class [L] Certificates, sixth, to the Class [K] Certificates, seventh, to the Class [J] Certificates, eighth, to the Class [H] Certificates, ninth, to the Class [G] Certificates, tenth, to the Class [F] Certificates, eleventh, to the Class [E] Certificates, twelfth, to the Class [D] Certificates, thirteenth, to the Class [C] Certificates, fourteenth, to the Class [B] Certificates, fifteenth, to the Class [A-J] Certificates, and finally, pro rata, to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], and Class [A-5] Certificates based on their respective Certificate Balances for Realized Losses, provided that losses allocated to the Class [A-5] Certificates will be applied first to the Class [A-5B] Certificates and then to the Class [A-5A] Certificates. No other form of credit enhancement will be available for the benefit of the holders of the Offered Certificates.
Allocation of principal distributions to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], and Class [A-5B] Certificates (collectively, the “Class A Certificates”) will have the effect of reducing the aggregate Certificate Balance of the Class A Certificates at a proportionately faster rate than the rate at which the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Pool will reduce. Thus, as principal is distributed to the holders of the Class A Certificates, the percentage interest in the Trust Fund evidenced by the Class A Certificates will be decreased (with a corresponding increase in the percentage interest in the Trust Fund evidenced by the Subordinate Certificates), thereby increasing, relative to their respective Certificate Balances, the subordination afforded the Class A Certificates by the Subordinate Certificates.
With respect to any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], on the first Distribution Date following the earliest of (i) the date on which such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] becomes a Modified Mortgage Loan (as defined below), (ii) the 90th day following the occurrence of any uncured delinquency in Monthly Payments with respect to such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], (iii) receipt of notice that the related borrower has filed a bankruptcy petition or the date on which a receiver is appointed and continues in such capacity or the 60th day after the related borrower becomes the subject of involuntary bankruptcy proceedings and such proceedings are not dismissed in respect of the Mortgaged Property securing such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], (iv) the date on which the Mortgaged Property securing such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] becomes an REO Property, (v) the 60th day after the third anniversary of any extension of a Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] and (vi) with respect to a Balloon Loan, a payment default shall have occurred with respect to the related Balloon Payment; provided, however, if (A) the related borrower is diligently seeking a refinancing commitment (and delivers a statement to that effect to the Master Servicer, who shall promptly deliver a copy to the Special Servicer and [, prior to the occurrence of any Consultation Termination Event], the Directing Holder, within 30 days after the default), (B) the related borrower continues to make its Assumed Scheduled Payment, (C) no other Servicing Transfer Event has occurred with respect to that Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] and (D) the Controlling Class Representative consents, an Appraisal Reduction Event will not occur until 60 days beyond the related maturity date; and provided, further, if the related borrower has delivered to the Master Servicer, who shall have promptly delivered a copy to the Special Servicer and [, prior to the occurrence of any Consultation Termination Event], the Directing Holder, on or before the 60th day after the related maturity date, a refinancing commitment reasonably acceptable to the Special Servicer and the borrower continues to make its Assumed Scheduled Payments (and no other Servicing Transfer Event has occurred with respect to that Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination]), an Appraisal Reduction Event will not occur until the earlier of (1) 120 days beyond the related maturity date and (2) the termination of the refinancing commitment; (any of clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) and (vi), an “Appraisal Reduction Event”), an Appraisal Reduction Amount will be calculated. The “Appraisal Reduction Amount” for any Distribution Date and for any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] as to which any Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred will be an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (a) the outstanding Stated Principal Balance of such Mortgage Loan over (b) the excess of (i) 90% of the sum of the appraised values (net of any prior mortgage liens) of the related Mortgaged Properties securing such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] as determined by Updated Appraisals obtained by the Special Servicer (the costs of which shall be paid by the Master Servicer as a Property Advance) minus any downward adjustments the Special Servicer deems appropriate (without implying any duty to
do so) based upon its review of the Appraisal and any other information it may deem appropriate or, in the case of Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations] having a principal balance under $[2,000,000], [____]% of the sum of the estimated values of the related Mortgaged Properties, as described below over (ii) the sum of (A) to the extent not previously advanced by the Master Servicer or the Trustee, all unpaid interest on such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] at a per annum rate equal to the Mortgage Rate [(or with respect to the applicable Loan Combination, the weighted average of its Mortgage Rates)], (B) all unreimbursed Property Advances and all unreimbursed P&I Advances, and all unpaid interest on Advances at the Advance Rate in respect of such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], (C) any other unpaid additional Trust expenses in respect of such Mortgage Loan and (D) all currently due and unpaid real estate taxes, ground rents and assessments and insurance premiums and all other amounts due and unpaid with respect to such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] (which taxes, premiums (net of any escrows or reserves therefor) and other amounts have not been the subject of an Advance by the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee, as applicable); provided, however, that in the event that the Special Servicer has not received an Updated Appraisal or Small Loan Appraisal Estimate within the time frame described below, the Appraisal Reduction Amount will be deemed to be an amount equal to 25% of the current Stated Principal Balance of the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] until an Updated Appraisal or Small Loan Appraisal Estimate is received and the Appraisal Reduction Amount is calculated. Notwithstanding the foregoing, within 60 days after the Appraisal Reduction Event (or in the case of an Appraisal Reduction Event occurring by reason of clause (ii) of the definition thereof, 30 days) (i) with respect to Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations] having a principal balance of $[2,000,000] or higher, the Special Servicer will be required to obtain an Updated Appraisal, and (ii) for Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations] having a principal balance under $[2,000,000], the Special Servicer will be required, at its option, (A) to provide its good faith estimate (a “Small Loan Appraisal Estimate”) of the value of the Mortgaged Properties within the same time period as an appraisal would otherwise be required and such Small Loan Appraisal Estimate will be used in lieu of an Updated Appraisal to calculate an Appraisal Reduction Amount for such Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations], or (B) to obtain an Updated Appraisal. On the first Distribution Date occurring on or after the delivery of such an Updated Appraisal, the Special Servicer will be required to adjust the Appraisal Reduction Amount to take into account such appraisal (regardless of whether the Updated Appraisal is higher or lower than the Small Loan Appraisal Estimate). To the extent required in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, Appraisal Reduction Amounts will be recalculated on each Distribution Date and an Updated Appraisal will be obtained annually.
Prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Special Servicer shall consult with the Directing Holder with respect to the calculation of an Appraisal Reduction Amount.
Contemporaneously with the earliest of (i) the effective date of any modification of the stated maturity, Mortgage Rate, principal balance or amortization terms of any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], any extension of the maturity date of a Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] or consent to the release of any Mortgaged Property or REO Property from the lien of the related Mortgage other than pursuant to the terms of the Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], (ii) the occurrence of an Appraisal Reduction Event, (iii) a default in the payment of a Balloon Payment for which an extension has not been granted or (iv) the date on which the Special Servicer, consistent with the Servicing Standard, requests an Updated Appraisal, the Special Servicer will be required to obtain an appraisal (or a letter update for an existing appraisal which is less than two years old) of the Mortgaged Property or REO Property, as the case may be, from an independent appraiser who is a member of the Appraisal Institute (an “Updated Appraisal”) or a Small Loan Appraisal Estimate, as applicable, provided, that, the Special Servicer will not be required to obtain an Updated Appraisal or Small Loan Appraisal Estimate of any Mortgaged Property with respect to which there exists an appraisal or Small Loan Appraisal Estimate which is less than 12 months old. The Special Servicer will be required to update, on an annual basis, each Small Loan Appraisal Estimate or Updated Appraisal for so long as the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] remains specially serviced.
[Each Loan Combination will be treated as a single mortgage loan for purposes of calculating an Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to the mortgage loans that comprise such Loan Combination. Any Appraisal Reduction Amount on a Loan Combination with a related B Loan will generally be allocated or deemed allocated, first, to the holder of the related B Loan (up to the full principal balance thereof), and, then, to the holders of the related Mortgage Loan.]
In the event that an Appraisal Reduction Event occurs with respect to a Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], the amount advanced by the Master Servicer with respect to delinquent payments of interest for such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] will be reduced as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Advances” in this prospectus supplement.
For purposes of determining the Controlling Class, Appraisal Reduction Amounts will be allocated to each class of Regular Certificates (other than the Class [X-P] and Class [X-C] Certificates) in reverse sequential order to notionally reduce the Certificate Balance until the related Certificate Balances of each such class is reduced to zero (i.e., first to the Class [P] Certificates, then to the Class [O] Certificates, then to the Class [N] Certificates, then to the Class [M] Certificates, then to the Class [L] Certificates, then to the Class [K] Certificates, then to the Class [J] Certificates, then to the Class [H] Certificates, then to the Class [G] Certificates, then to the Class [F] Certificates, then to the Class [E] Certificates, then to the Class [D] Certificates, then to the Class [C] Certificates, then to the Class [B] Certificates, then to the Class [A-J] Certificates and then, pro rata based on interest entitlements, to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A] and Class [A-5B] Certificates). With respect to any Appraisal Reduction calculated for purposes of determining the Controlling Class, the appraised value of the related Mortgaged Property will be determined on an “as-is” basis.
[The holders of the majority of any Class of Certificates that is determined to no longer be the Controlling Class (such class, an “Appraised-Out Class”) as a result of an allocation of an Appraisal Reduction Amount in respect of such Class will have the right, at their sole expense, to require the Special Servicer to order a second appraisal of any Mortgage Loan for which an Appraisal Reduction Event has occurred (such holders, the “Requesting Holders”) and the Special Servicer is required to use reasonable best efforts to ensure that such appraisal is delivered within 30 days from receipt of the Requesting Holders’ written request and shall ensure that such appraisal is prepared by an MAI appraiser reasonably acceptable to the Special Servicer. Upon receipt of such second appraisal, the Special Servicer will be required to determine, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, whether, based on its assessment of such second appraisal, any recalculation of the Appraisal Reduction Amount is warranted and, if so warranted shall recalculate such Appraisal Reduction Amount based upon such second appraisal. If required by any such recalculation, the Appraised-Out Class will be reinstated as the Controlling Class. Any Appraised-Out Class for which the Requesting Holders are challenging the Special Servicer’s Appraisal Reduction Amount determination will not exercise any rights of the Controlling Class until such time, if any, as such Class is reinstated as the Controlling Class and the rights of the Controlling Class will be exercised by the most senior Control Eligible Certificates, if any, during such period.]
A “Modified Mortgage Loan” is any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan which has been modified by the Special Servicer in a manner that: (a) affects the amount or timing of any payment of principal or interest due thereon (other than, or in addition to, bringing current Monthly Payments with respect to such Mortgage Loan [or Companion Loan]); (b) except as expressly contemplated by the related Mortgage, results in a release of the lien of the Mortgage on any material portion of the related Mortgaged Property without a corresponding Principal Prepayment in an amount not less than the fair market value (as is) of the property to be released; or (c) in the reasonable good faith judgment of the Special Servicer, otherwise materially impairs the security for such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] or reduces the likelihood of timely payment of amounts due thereon.
Delivery, Form and Denomination
The Offered Certificates will be issuable in registered form, in minimum denominations of Certificate Balance of (i) $[__________] with respect to the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [PEZ] and Class [A-J] Certificates and multiples of $1 in excess thereof; (ii) $[__________] with respect to Classes B, C and D Certificates and multiples of $1 in excess thereof; and (iii) $[__________] with respect to the Class [X-P] Certificates and multiples of $1 in excess thereof.
The Offered Certificates will initially be represented by one or more global Certificates for each such Class registered in the name of the nominee of DTC. The Depositor has been informed by DTC that DTC’s nominee will be Cede & Co. No holder of an Offered Certificate will be entitled to receive a certificate issued in fully registered, certificated form (each, a “Definitive Certificate”) representing its interest in such Class, except under the limited circumstances described in the prospectus under “Description of the Certificates-Book-Entry Registration and Definitive Certificates.” Unless and until Definitive Certificates are issued, all references to actions by holders of
the Offered Certificates will refer to actions taken by DTC upon instructions received from holders of Offered Certificates through its participating organizations (together with Clearstream Banking Luxembourg, a division of Clearstream International, société anonyme (“Clearstream”) and Euroclear participating organizations, the “Participants”), and all references herein to payments, notices, reports, statements and other information to holders of Offered Certificates will refer to payments, notices, reports and statements to DTC or Cede & Co., as the registered holder of the Offered Certificates, for distribution to holders of Offered Certificates through its Participants in accordance with DTC procedures; provided, however, that to the extent that the party responsible for distributing any report, statement or other information has been provided with the name of the beneficial owner of a Certificate (or the prospective transferee of such beneficial owner), such report, statement or other information will be provided to such beneficial owner (or prospective transferee).
Until Definitive Certificates are issued in respect of the Offered Certificates, interests in the Offered Certificates will be transferred on the book-entry records of DTC and its Participants. The Trustee will initially serve as certificate registrar (in such capacity, the “Certificate Registrar”) for purposes of recording and otherwise providing for the registration of the Offered Certificates.
A “Certificateholder” under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will be the person in whose name a Certificate is registered in the certificate register maintained pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, except that solely for the purpose of giving any consent or taking any action pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, any Certificate registered in the name of the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee (in its individual capacity), a manager of a Mortgaged Property, a borrower or any person affiliated with the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee, such manager or a borrower will be deemed not to be outstanding and the Voting Rights to which it is entitled will not be taken into account in determining whether the requisite percentage of Voting Rights necessary to effect any such consent or take any such action has been obtained; provided, however, that for purposes of obtaining the consent of Certificateholders to an amendment to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, any Certificates beneficially owned by the Master Servicer or Special Servicer or an affiliate will be deemed to be outstanding, provided that such amendment does not relate to compensation of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer or otherwise benefit the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer in any material respect; provided, further, that for purposes of obtaining the consent of Certificateholders to any action proposed to be taken by the Special Servicer with respect to a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan, any Certificates beneficially owned by the Special Servicer or an affiliate will be deemed not to be outstanding, provided, further, however, that such restrictions will not apply to the exercise of the Special Servicer’s rights, if any, as a member of the Controlling Class. Notwithstanding the foregoing, solely for purposes of providing or distributing any reports, statements or other information pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, a Certificateholder will include any beneficial owner (or, subject to a confidentiality agreement (in the form attached to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement), a prospective transferee of a beneficial owner) to the extent that the party required or permitted to provide or distribute such report, statement or other information has been provided with the name of such beneficial owner (or prospective transferee). See “Description of the Certificates—Book-Entry Registration and Definitive Certificates” in the prospectus.
Holders of Offered Certificates may hold their Certificates through DTC (in the United States) or Clearstream or Euroclear (in Europe) if they are Participants of such system, or indirectly through organizations that are participants in such systems. Clearstream and Euroclear will hold omnibus positions on behalf of the Clearstream Participants and the Euroclear Participants, respectively, through customers’ securities accounts in Clearstream’s and Euroclear’s names on the books of their respective depositaries (collectively, the “Depositaries”) which in turn will hold such positions in customers’ securities accounts in the Depositaries’ names on the books of DTC. DTC is a limited purpose trust company organized under the New York Banking Law, a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York Banking Law, a member of the Federal Reserve System, a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code and a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. DTC was created to hold securities for its Participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between Participants through electronic computerized book-entries, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates. Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations. Indirect access to the DTC system
also is available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect Participants”).
Transfers between DTC Participants will occur in accordance with DTC rules. Transfers between Clearstream Participants and Euroclear Participants will occur in accordance with their applicable rules and operating procedures. For additional information regarding clearance and settlement procedures for the Offered Certificates and for information with respect to tax documentation procedures relating to the Offered Certificates, see Annex C hereto.
Cross-market transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly through DTC, on the one hand, and directly through Clearstream Participants or Euroclear Participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in accordance with DTC rules on behalf of the relevant European international clearing system by its Depositary; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of instructions to the relevant European international clearing system by the counterparty in such system in accordance with its rules and procedures. If the transaction complies with all relevant requirements, Euroclear or Clearstream, as the case may be, will then deliver instructions to the Depository to take action to effect final settlement on its behalf.
Because of time-zone differences, credits of securities in Clearstream or Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a DTC Participant will be made during the subsequent securities settlement processing, dated the business day following the DTC settlement date, and such credits or any transactions in such securities settled during such processing will be reported to the relevant Clearstream Participant or Euroclear Participant on such business day. Cash received in Clearstream or Euroclear as a result of sales of securities by or through a Clearstream Participant or a Euroclear Participant to a DTC Participant will be received with value on the DTC settlement date but will be available in the relevant Clearstream or Euroclear cash account only as of the business day following settlement in DTC.
The holders of Offered Certificates that are not Participants or Indirect Participants but desire to purchase, sell or otherwise transfer ownership of, or other interests in, Offered Certificates may do so only through Participants and Indirect Participants. In addition, holders of Offered Certificates will receive all distributions of principal and interest from the Trustee through the Participants who in turn will receive them from DTC. Under a book-entry format, holders of Offered Certificates may experience some delay in their receipt of payments, reports and notices, since such payments, reports and notices will be forwarded by the Trustee to Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC. DTC will forward such payments, reports and notices to its Participants, which thereafter will forward them to Indirect Participants, Clearstream, Euroclear or holders of Offered Certificates.
Under the rules, regulations and procedures creating and affecting DTC and its operations (the “Rules”), DTC is required to make book-entry transfers of Offered Certificates among Participants on whose behalf it acts with respect to the Offered Certificates and to receive and transmit distributions of principal of, and interest on, the Offered Certificates. Participants and Indirect Participants with which the holders of Offered Certificates have accounts with respect to the Offered Certificates similarly are required to make book-entry transfers and receive and transmit such payments on behalf of their respective holders of Offered Certificates. Accordingly, although the holders of Offered Certificates will not possess the Offered Certificates, the Rules provide a mechanism by which Participants will receive payments on Offered Certificates and will be able to transfer their interest.
Because DTC can only act on behalf of Participants, who in turn act on behalf of Indirect Participants and certain banks, the ability of a holder of Offered Certificates to pledge such Certificates to persons or entities that do not participate in the DTC system, or to otherwise act with respect to such Certificates, may be limited due to the lack of a physical certificate for such Certificates.
DTC has advised the Depositor that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a holder of an Offered Certificate under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement only at the direction of one or more Participants to whose accounts with DTC the Offered Certificates are credited. DTC may take conflicting actions with respect to other undivided interests to the extent that such actions are taken on behalf of Participants whose holdings include such undivided interests.
Clearstream is incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg as a professional depository. Clearstream holds securities for its participating organizations (“Clearstream Participants”) and facilitates the clearance and settlement
of securities transactions between Clearstream Participants through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of Clearstream Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates.
Euroclear was created in 1968 to hold securities for participants of the Euroclear system (“Euroclear Participants”) and to clear and settle transactions between Euroclear Participants through simultaneous electronic book-entry delivery against payment.
Securities clearance accounts and cash accounts with the Euroclear Operator are governed by the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear and the related Operating Procedures of the Euroclear System and applicable Belgian law (collectively, the “Terms and Conditions”). The Terms and Conditions govern transfers of securities and cash within the Euroclear system, withdrawal of securities and cash from the Euroclear system, and receipts of payments with respect to securities in the Euroclear system.
Although DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream have implemented the foregoing procedures in order to facilitate transfers of interests in Global Certificates among Participants of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream, they are under no obligation to perform or to continue to comply with such procedures, and such procedures may be discontinued at any time. None of the Depositor, the Trustee, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Underwriters will have any responsibility for the performance by DTC, Euroclear or Clearstream or their respective direct or indirect Participants of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their operations.
The information herein concerning DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear and their book-entry systems has been obtained by the Depositor from DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear and other sources that the Depositor believes to be reliable.
Definitive Certificates will be delivered to beneficial owners of the Offered Certificates (“Certificate Owners”) (or their nominees) only if (i) DTC is no longer willing or able properly to discharge its responsibilities as depository with respect to the book-entry certificates, and the Depositor is unable to locate a qualified successor, (ii) the Depositor, at its sole option, elects to terminate the book-entry system through DTC with respect to some or all of any Class or Classes of Certificates, or (iii) after the occurrence of an Event of Default under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, Certificate Owners representing a majority in principal amount of the book-entry certificates then outstanding advise the Trustee and DTC through DTC Participants in writing that the continuation of a book-entry system through DTC (or a successor thereto) is no longer in the best interest of Certificate Owners.
Upon the occurrence of any of the events described in clauses (i) through (iii) in the immediately preceding paragraph, the Trustee is required to notify all affected Certificateholders (through DTC and related DTC Participants) of the availability through DTC of Definitive Certificates. Upon delivery of Definitive Certificates, the Trustee, the Certificate Registrar and the Master Servicer will recognize the holders of such Definitive Certificates as holders under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (“Holders”). Distributions of principal and interest on the Definitive Certificates will be made by the Trustee directly to Holders of Definitive Certificates in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Prospectus and the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Upon the occurrence of any of the events described in clauses (i) through (iii) of the second preceding paragraph, requests for transfer of Definitive Certificates will be required to be submitted directly to the Certificate Registrar in a form acceptable to the Certificate Registrar (such as the forms which will appear on the back of the certificate representing a Definitive Certificate), signed by the Holder or such Holder’s legal representative and accompanied by the Definitive Certificate or Certificates for which transfer is being requested. The Trustee will be appointed as the initial Certificate Registrar.
Retention of Certain Certificates by [an Affiliate of] the [Sponsor] [Depositor] [Issuing Entity] [Entity Described in Item 1119(a) of Regulation AB].
It is anticipated that [an affiliate of] the [Sponsor] [Depositor] [Issuing Entity] [specify entity described in Item 1119(a) of Regulation AB] will retain the Class __ Certificates; however such entity will have the right to dispose of such Certificates at any time[, subject to the restrictions on transfer of such Certificates set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement].
[THE [IDENTIFY CREDIT ENHANCEMENT, LIQUIDITY SUPPORT OR DERIVATIVES INSTRUMENT]
[Name of Credit Enhancement Provider, Liquidity Provider or Derivatives Provider] will be providing a [identify credit enhancement, liquidity support or derivatives instrument] with respect to the [Class [__]] Certificates. [Provide disclosure required by Item 1114(a) or 1115(a) of Regulation S-K]. [Insert for derivatives covered by Item 1115(a): The “significance percentage” with respect to the [identify derivative instrument] is [less than 10%][at least 10% but less than 20%] [20% or more]. “Significance percentage” means the percentage that the amount of the “significance estimate” (as described below) represents of the [initial aggregate Certificate Balance of the Class [__] Certificates] [the Initial Pool Balance]. The “significance estimate” has been determined based on a reasonable good faith estimate of maximum probable exposure, made in substantially the same manner as that used in the [Sponsor’s] [Sponsors’] internal risk management process in respect of similar derivative instruments.] [If credit enhancement, liquidity support or derivative (whose primary purposes is to provide credit enhancement) provider(s) meets 10% threshold in Item 1114 (b) of Regulation S-K, provide the disclosure required by such Item 1114(b).] [If derivative (whose primary purpose is not to provide credit enhancement) provider(s) meets the 10% significance percentage in Item 1115(b) of Regulation S-K, provide the disclosure required by such Item 1115(b).]]
[If a class of Exchangeable Certificates has the benefit of a swap contract, on each Distribution Date, that Class of Exchangeable Certificates will be entitled to receive the amounts distributed under the related swap contract. A class of Exchangeable Certificates that has the benefit of a swap contract can be exchanged for a proportionate amount of related Depositable Certificates by terminating a proportionate notional amount of the related swap contract.]
[If a class of the Depositable Certificates has the benefit of [third party credit enhancement], on each Distribution Date, the related Class of Exchangeable Certificates will be entitled to receive a proportionate share of the amounts distributed under that [third party credit enhancement].]
[OVERCOLLATERALIZATION]
[The principal balance of the mortgage loans in the trust fund at the cut-off date will exceed the initial principal balance of the certificates by [__]%. This overcollateralization will provide the Certificates an additional measure of protection against losses and delinquencies on the mortgage loans.] [Interest payments on the mortgage loans in excess of that required to make interest payments on the certificates (referred to as excess cash) will not be released. Instead, the excess cash will be available to offset principal losses and delinquencies on any Class of Certificates. To the extent the excess cash is not used to offset such principal losses and delinquencies, after the principal balances of [all of the Classes of Certificates] have been paid in full, such excess cash will be paid to the holders of the Class [_], [_], and [_] Certificates.]]
YIELD AND MATURITY CONSIDERATIONS
General. The yield on any Offered Certificate will depend on: (i) the Pass-Through Rate in effect from time to time for that Certificate; (ii) the price paid for that Certificate and the rate and timing of payments of principal on that Certificate; and (iii) the aggregate amount of distributions on that Certificate.
Pass-Through Rate. The Pass-Through Rate applicable to each class of Offered Certificates for any Distribution Date will be the rate specified in the definition of the “Pass-Through Rate” in the “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions” in this prospectus supplement. The yield on the Offered Certificates will be sensitive to changes in the relative composition of the Mortgage Loans as a result of scheduled amortization, voluntary prepayments, and liquidations of Mortgage Loans following default and repurchases of Mortgage Loans. Losses or payments of principal on the Mortgage Loans with higher Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rates could result in a reduction in the Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate, thereby, to the extent that the rate applicable to a particular Class of Offered Certificates is not a fixed rate, reducing the Pass-Through Rate on such Class of Offered Certificates.
See “Yield and Maturity Considerations” in the prospectus, “Description of the Offered Certificates” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool” in this prospectus supplement and “—Rate and Timing of Principal Payments” below.
Rate and Timing of Principal Payments. The yield to holders of the Offered Certificates will be affected by the rate and timing of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans (including Principal Prepayments on the Mortgage Loans resulting from both voluntary prepayments by the borrowers and involuntary liquidations). The rate and timing of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans will in turn be affected by, among other things, the amortization schedules thereof or the dates on which Balloon Payments are due, and the rate and timing of Principal Prepayments and other unscheduled collections thereon (including for this purpose, collections made in connection with liquidations of Mortgage Loans due to defaults, casualties or condemnations affecting the Mortgaged Properties, or purchases of Mortgage Loans out of the Trust). Prepayments and, assuming the respective stated maturity dates have not occurred, liquidations and purchases of the Mortgage Loans, will result in distributions on the Principal Balance Certificates of amounts that otherwise would have been distributed over the remaining terms of the Mortgage Loans. Defaults on the Mortgage Loans, particularly at or near their stated maturity dates, may result in significant delays in payments of principal on the Mortgage Loans (and, accordingly, on the Principal Balance Certificates) while workouts are negotiated or foreclosures are completed. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Amendment” and “—Modifications” in this prospectus supplement and “Description of the Pooling Agreements—Realization upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans” and “Certain Legal Aspects of the Mortgage Loans—Foreclosure” in the prospectus. Because the rate of principal payments on the Mortgage Loans will depend on future events and a variety of factors (as described below), no assurance can be given as to such rate or the rate of Principal Prepayments in particular. The Depositor is not aware of any relevant publicly available or authoritative statistics with respect to the historical prepayment experience of a large group of mortgage loans comparable to the Mortgage Loans. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Mortgage Loans—Borrower May Be Unable to Repay the Remaining Principal Balance on the Maturity Date” in this prospectus supplement.
The extent to which the yield to maturity of an Offered Certificate may vary from the anticipated yield will depend upon the degree to which such Certificate is purchased at a discount or premium and when, and to what degree, payments of principal on the Mortgage Loans are in turn distributed on or otherwise result in the reduction of the Certificate Balance of such Certificate. An investor should consider, in the case of an Offered Certificate purchased at a discount, the risk that a slower than anticipated rate of principal payments on such Certificate could result in an actual yield to such investor that is lower than the anticipated yield and, in the case of an Offered Certificate purchased at a premium, the risk that a faster than anticipated rate of principal payments on such Certificate could result in an actual yield to such investor that is lower than the anticipated yield. In general, the earlier a payment of principal is made on an Offered Certificate purchased at a discount or premium, the greater will be the effect on an investor’s yield to maturity. As a result, the effect on an investor’s yield of principal payments on such investor’s Offered Certificates occurring at a rate higher (or lower) than the rate anticipated by the investor during any particular period would not be fully offset by a subsequent like reduction (or increase) in the rate of principal payments.
Losses and Shortfalls. The yield to holders of the Offered Certificates will also depend on the extent to which the holders are required to bear the effects of any losses or shortfalls on the Mortgage Loans. Losses and other shortfalls on the Mortgage Loans will generally be borne: first, by the holders of the respective Classes of Subordinate Certificates, in reverse alphabetical order of Class designation, to the extent of amounts otherwise distributable in respect of their Certificates; and then, by the holders of the Offered Certificates. Further, any Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall for each Distribution Date will be allocated on such Distribution Date among each Class of Certificates, pro rata, in accordance with the respective Interest Accrual Amounts for each such Class of Certificates for such Distribution Date (without giving effect to any such allocation of Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall).
Certain Relevant Factors. The rate and timing of principal payments and defaults and the severity of losses on the Mortgage Loans may be affected by a number of factors, including, without limitation, prevailing interest rates, the terms of the Mortgage Loans (for example, Prepayment Premiums, prepayment lock-out periods, amortization terms that require Balloon Payments), the demographics and relative economic vitality of the areas in which the Mortgaged Properties are located and the general supply and demand for comparable residential and/or commercial space in such areas, the quality of management of the Mortgaged Properties, the servicing of the Mortgage Loans,
possible changes in tax laws and other opportunities for investment. See “Risk Factors” and “Description of the Mortgage Pool” in this prospectus supplement and “Risk Factors” and “Yield and Maturity Considerations—Yield and Prepayment Considerations” in the prospectus.
The rate of prepayment on a Mortgage Loan is likely to be affected by prevailing market interest rates for mortgage loans of a comparable type, term and risk level. When the prevailing market interest rate is below a mortgage coupon, a borrower may have an increased incentive to refinance its mortgage loan. If a Mortgage Loan is not in a Lock-Out Period, the Prepayment Premium or Yield Maintenance Charge, if any, in respect of such Mortgage Loan may not be sufficient economic disincentive to prevent the related borrower from voluntarily prepaying the loan as part of a refinancing thereof. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans” in this prospectus supplement.
[The yield on any class of Certificates whose Pass-Through Rate is affected by the Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate could also be adversely affected if Mortgage Loans with higher interest rates pay faster than the Mortgage Loans with lower interest rates, since those classes bear interest at a rate limited by the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the Mortgage Loans. The Pass-Through Rates on such Certificates may be limited by the weighted average of the net mortgage interest rates on the Mortgage Loans even if principal prepayments do not occur.]
[The yield to maturity of a Class of Exchangeable Certificates will depend on the yield to maturity of the related Classes of Depositable Certificates.]
Delay in Payment of Distributions. Because monthly distributions will not be made to Certificateholders until a date that is scheduled to be at least [10] days following the end of the related Interest Accrual Period, the effective yield to the holders of the Offered Certificates will be lower than the yield that would otherwise be produced by the applicable Pass-Through Rates and purchase prices (assuming such prices did not account for such delay).
Unpaid Interest. As described under “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions” in this prospectus supplement, if the portion of the Available Funds to be distributed in respect of interest on any Class of Offered Certificates on any Distribution Date is less than the respective Interest Accrual Amount for such Class, the shortfall will be distributable to holders of such Class of Certificates on subsequent Distribution Dates, to the extent of available funds. Any such shortfall will not bear interest, however, and will therefore negatively affect the yield to maturity of such Class of Certificates for so long as it is outstanding.
The weighted average life of a Principal Balance Certificate refers to the average amount of time that will elapse from the date of its issuance until each dollar allocable to principal of such Certificate is distributed to the investor. For purposes of this prospectus supplement, the weighted average life of a Principal Balance Certificate is determined by (i) multiplying the amount of each principal distribution thereon by the number of years from the Closing Date to the related Distribution Date, (ii) summing the results and (iii) dividing the sum by the aggregate amount of the reductions in the Certificate Balance of such Certificate. Accordingly, the weighted average life of any such Certificate will be influenced by, among other things, the rate at which principal of the Mortgage Loans is paid or otherwise collected or advanced and the extent to which such payments, collections or advances of principal are in turn applied in reduction of the Certificate Balance of the Class of Certificates to which such Certificate belongs. If the Balloon Payment on a Balloon Loan having a Due Date after the Determination Date in any month is received on the stated maturity date thereof, the excess of such payment over the related Assumed Monthly Payment will not be included in the Available Funds until the Distribution Date in the following month. Therefore, the weighted average life of the Principal Balance Certificates may be extended.
Prepayments on mortgage loans may be measured by a prepayment standard or model. The model used in this prospectus supplement is the Constant Prepayment Rate (“CPR”) model. The CPR Model assumes that a group of mortgage loans experiences prepayments each month at a specified constant annual rate. As used in each of the following sets of tables with respect to any particular Class, the column headed “0%” assumes that none of the Mortgage Loans is prepaid before maturity. The columns headed “25%,” “50%,” “75%,” and “100%” assume that no prepayments are made on any Mortgage Loan during such Mortgage Loan’s Lock-Out Period, Defeasance Period or Yield Maintenance Period, in each case if any, and are otherwise made on each of the Mortgage Loans at the
indicated CPR percentages. There is no assurance, however, that prepayments of the Mortgage Loans (whether or not in a Lock-Out Period, Defeasance Period or a Yield Maintenance Period) will conform to any particular CPR percentages, and no representation is made that the Mortgage Loans will prepay in accordance with the assumptions at any of the CPR percentages shown or at any other particular prepayment rate, that all the Mortgage Loans will prepay in accordance with the assumptions at the same rate or that Mortgage Loans that are in a Lock-Out Period, Defeasance Period or a Yield Maintenance Period will not prepay as a result of involuntary liquidations upon default or otherwise.
The following tables indicate the percentage of the initial Certificate Balance of each Class of Offered Certificates that would be outstanding after each of the dates shown at the indicated CPR percentages and the corresponding weighted average life of each such Class of Certificates. The tables have been prepared on the basis of the information set forth herein under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Additional Loan Information” and on Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement and the following assumptions (collectively, the “Modeling Assumptions”):
(i) the initial Certificate Balance and the Pass-Through Rate for each Class of Certificates are as set forth herein;
(ii) the scheduled Monthly Payments for each Mortgage Loan are based on such Mortgage Loan’s Cut-off Date Balance, stated monthly principal and interest payments, and the Mortgage Rate in effect as of the Cut-off Date for such Mortgage Loan;
(iii) all scheduled Monthly Payments (including Balloon Payments) are assumed to be timely received on the first day of each month commencing in [_____________];
(iv) there are no delinquencies or losses in respect of the Mortgage Loans, there are no extensions of maturity in respect of the Mortgage Loans, there are no Appraisal Reduction Amounts applied to the Mortgage Loans and there are no casualties or condemnations affecting the Mortgaged Properties;
(v) prepayments are made on each of the Mortgage Loans at the indicated CPR percentages set forth in the table (without regard to any limitations in such Mortgage Loans on partial voluntary principal prepayments) except to the extent modified below by the assumption numbered (xii);
(vi) all Mortgage Loans accrue interest under the method specified in Annex A-1 provided, however, that for those loans with fixed monthly payments during an interest-only period, interest rates were imputed based on the fixed monthly payments required under those loans during the interest-only period. See “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Certain Terms and Conditions of the Mortgage Loans” in this prospectus supplement;
(vii) no party exercises its right of optional termination described herein;
(viii) no Mortgage Loan will be repurchased by the related Mortgage Loan Seller for a breach of a representation or warranty or a document defect in the mortgage file;
(ix) no Prepayment Interest Shortfalls are incurred and no Prepayment Premiums or Yield Maintenance Charges are collected;
(x) there are no additional Trust expenses;
(xi) distributions on the Certificates are made on the [10th] day of each month, commencing in [_____________];
(xii) no prepayments are received as to any Mortgage Loan during such Mortgage Loan’s Lock-Out Period, if any, Defeasance Period, if any, or Yield Maintenance Period, if any;
(xiii) the Closing Date is [_____________]; and
(xiv) with respect to each Mortgage Loan, [the Primary Servicing Fee,] the Master Servicing Fee and the Trustee Fee accrue on the same basis as interest accrues on such Mortgage Loan.
To the extent that the Mortgage Loans have characteristics or experience performance that differs from those assumed in preparing the tables set forth below, the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [X-P], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C] and Class [D] Certificates may mature earlier or later than indicated by the tables. It is highly unlikely that the Mortgage Loans will prepay or perform in accordance with the Modeling Assumptions at any constant rate until maturity or that all the Mortgage Loans will prepay in accordance with the Modeling Assumptions or at the same rate. In particular, certain of the Mortgage Loans may not permit voluntary partial Principal Prepayments. In addition, variations in the actual prepayment experience and the balance of the specific Mortgage Loans that prepay may increase or decrease the percentages of initial Certificate Balances (and weighted average lives) shown in the following tables. Such variations may occur even if the average prepayment experience of the Mortgage Loans were to equal any of the specified CPR percentages. In addition, there can be no assurance that the actual pre-tax yields on, or any other payment characteristics of, any Class of Offered Certificates will correspond to any of the information shown in the yield tables herein, or that the aggregate purchase prices of the Offered Certificates will be as assumed. Accordingly, investors must make their own decisions as to the appropriate assumptions (including prepayment assumptions) to be used in deciding whether to purchase the Offered Certificates.
Investors are urged to conduct their own analyses of the rates at which the Mortgage Loans may be expected to prepay.
Based on the Modeling Assumptions, the following tables indicate the resulting weighted average lives of the Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C] Class [D] Certificates and set forth the percentage of the initial Certificate Balance of each such Class of Certificates that would be outstanding after the Closing Date and each of the Distribution Dates shown under the applicable assumptions at the indicated CPR percentages.
Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [A-1] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [A-2] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [A-3] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [A-4] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [A-AB] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [A-5A] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [A-5B] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [A-J] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [B] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [C] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Percentages of the Initial Certificate Balance
of the Class [D] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Initial
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Weighted Average Life (in years)
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Certain Price/Yield Tables
The tables set forth below show the corporate bond equivalent (“CBE”) yield, weighted average life in years, first principal payment date and last principal payment date with respect to each Class of Offered Certificates (other than the Class [X-P] Certificates) under the Modeling Assumptions.
The yields set forth in the following tables were calculated by determining the monthly discount rates which, when applied to the assumed stream of cash flows to be paid on each Class of Offered Certificates, would cause the discounted present value of such assumed stream of cash flows as of [_____________] to equal the assumed purchase prices, plus accrued interest at the applicable Pass-Through Rate as stated on the cover of this prospectus supplement from and including [_____________] to but excluding the Closing Date, and converting such monthly rates to semi-annual corporate bond equivalent rates. Such calculation does not take into account variations that may occur in the interest rates at which investors may be able to reinvest funds received by them as reductions of the Certificate Balances of such Classes of Offered Certificates and consequently does not purport to reflect the return on any investment in such Classes of Offered Certificates when such reinvestment rates are considered. Purchase prices are interpreted as a percentage of the initial Certificate Balance of the specified Class and are exclusive of accrued interest.
Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [A-1] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [A-2] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [A-3] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [A-4] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [A-AB] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [A-5A] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [A-5B] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [A-J] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise At Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [B] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance And Yield Maintenance – Otherwise At Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [C] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Principal Payment Date and
Last Principal Payment Date for the Class [D] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)
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First Principal Payment Date
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Last Principal Payment Date
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Weighted Average Life and Yield Sensitivity of the Class [X-P] Certificates
The yield to maturity of the Class [X-P] Certificates will be especially sensitive to the prepayment, repurchase, default and loss experience on the Mortgage Loans, which prepayment, repurchase, default and loss experience may
fluctuate significantly from time to time. A rapid rate of principal payments will have a material negative effect on the yield to maturity of the Class [X-P] Certificates. There can be no assurance that the Mortgage Loans will prepay at any particular rate. Prospective investors in the Class [X-P] Certificates should fully consider the associated risks, including the risk that such investors may not fully recover their initial investment.
The following table indicates the sensitivity of the pre-tax yield to maturity on the Class [X-P] Certificates to various CPR percentages on the Mortgage Loans by projecting the monthly aggregate payments of interest on the Class [X-P] Certificates and computing the corresponding pre-tax yields to maturity on a corporate bond equivalent basis, based on the Modeling Assumptions. It was further assumed that the purchase price of the Class [X-P] Certificates is as specified below interpreted as a percentage of the initial Notional Balance (without accrued interest). Any differences between such assumptions and the actual characteristics and performance of the Mortgage Loans and of the Class [X-P] Certificates may result in yields being different from those shown in such table. Discrepancies between assumed and actual characteristics and performance underscore the hypothetical nature of the table, which is provided only to give a general sense of the sensitivity of yields in varying prepayment scenarios.
The pre-tax yields set forth in the following table were calculated by determining the monthly discount rates that, when applied to the assumed streams of cash flows to be paid on the Class [X-P] Certificates, would cause the discounted present value of such assumed stream of cash flows as of [_____________] to equal the assumed aggregate purchase price plus accrued interest at the initial Pass-Through Rates for the Class [X-P] Certificates from and including [_____________] to but excluding the Closing Date, and by converting such monthly rates to semi-annual corporate bond equivalent rates. Such calculation does not take into account shortfalls in the collection of interest due to prepayments (or other liquidations) of the Mortgage Loans or the interest rates at which investors may be able to reinvest funds received by them as distributions on the Class [X-P] Certificates (and accordingly does not purport to reflect the return on any investment in the Class [X-P] Certificates when such reinvestment rates are considered).
Notwithstanding the assumed prepayment rates reflected in the following table, it is highly unlikely that the Mortgage Loans will be prepaid according to one particular pattern. For this reason, and because the timing of cash flows is critical to determining yields, the pre-tax yield to maturity on the Class [X-P] Certificates is likely to differ from those shown in the following table, even if all of the Mortgage Loans prepay at the indicated CPR percentages over any given time period or over the entire life of the Certificates.
There can be no assurance that the Mortgage Loans will prepay in accordance with the Modeling Assumptions at any particular rate or that the yield on the Class [X-P] Certificates will conform to the yields described herein. Investors are urged to make their investment decisions based on the determinations as to anticipated rates of prepayment under a variety of scenarios. Investors in the Class [X-P] Certificates should fully consider the risk that a rapid rate of prepayments on the Mortgage Loans could result in the failure of such investors to fully recover their investments.
In addition, holders of the Class [X-P] Certificates generally have rights to relatively larger portions of interest payments on Mortgage Loans with higher Mortgage Rates; thus, the yield on the Class [X-P] Certificates will be materially and adversely affected if the Mortgage Loans with higher Mortgage Rates prepay faster than the Mortgage Loans with lower Mortgage Rates.
Pre-Tax Yield to Maturity (CBE), Weighted Average Life, First Payment Date and Last Payment
Date for the Class [X-P] Certificates at the Specified CPRs
0% CPR During Lock-Out, Defeasance and Yield Maintenance – Otherwise at Indicated CPR
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Weighted Average Life (yrs)*
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First Payment Date
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Last Payment Date
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*
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Based on reduction in the Notional Balance of the X-P Certificates.
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THE POOLING AND SERVICING AGREEMENT
The Certificates will be issued pursuant to a Pooling and Servicing Agreement, to be dated as of [_____________] (the “Pooling and Servicing Agreement”), entered into by the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee, the Paying Agent [and the Fiscal Agent].
Reference is made to the prospectus for important information in addition to that set forth in this prospectus supplement regarding the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the terms and conditions of the Offered Certificates. The Trustee has informed the Depositor that it will provide to a prospective or actual holder of an Offered Certificate at the expense of the requesting party, upon written request, a copy (without exhibits) of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Requests should be addressed to [insert applicable Trustee’s address].
Servicing of the Mortgage Loans; Collection of Payments
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer to diligently service and administer their respective Mortgage Loans [and Loan Combinations].
The Master Servicer (with respect to the Mortgage Loans [and the Loan Combinations]) and the Special Servicer (with respect to Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans and REO Loans) are each required to diligently service and administer the applicable Mortgage Loans [and the Loan Combinations], in the best interests of and for the benefit of the Certificateholders [and, with respect to each applicable Loan Combination, for the benefit of the holder of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender, but giving due consideration to the subordinate nature of any related B Loan as determined by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, in the exercise of its reasonable judgment)] in accordance with applicable law, the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and the terms of the applicable Mortgage Loans [or applicable Loan Combinations, as applicable, the terms of the related co-lender agreement, if applicable,] and, to the extent consistent with the foregoing, in accordance with the higher of the following standards of care:
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the same manner in which, and with the same care, skill, prudence and diligence with which such servicer services and administers similar mortgage loans for other third-party portfolios, giving due consideration to the customary and usual standards of practice of prudent institutional commercial and multifamily mortgage loan servicers servicing mortgage loans for other third party portfolios or securitization trusts with a view to the timely recovery of all payments of principal and
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interest under the applicable Mortgage Loans or, in the case of defaulted Mortgage Loans, the maximization of timely recovery of principal and interest on a net present value basis on the Mortgage Loans, and the best interests of the Trust and the Certificateholders [and, with respect to any applicable Loan Combination, the holder of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender, but giving due consideration to the subordinate nature of any related B Loan as determined by such servicer in its reasonable judgment)]; and
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the same care, skill, prudence and diligence with which the such servicer services and administers commercial and multifamily mortgage loans owned, if any, by it with a view to the timely recovery of all payments of principal and interest under the applicable Mortgage Loans or, in the case of defaulted Mortgage Loans, the maximization of timely recovery of principal and interest on a net present value basis on the applicable Mortgage Loans, and the best interests of the Trust and the Certificateholders [and, with respect to any applicable Loan Combination, the holder of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender), but giving due consideration to the subordinate nature of any related B Loan as determined by such servicer in its reasonable judgment)] but without regard to:
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1. any relationship that such servicer or any affiliate of it, may have with the related borrower, any Mortgage Loan Seller, any other party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or any affiliate of any of the foregoing;
2. the ownership of any Certificate [or any Companion Loan] by such servicer or any affiliate of it;
3. the Master Servicer’s obligation to make Advances;
4. such servicer’s right to receive compensation for its services under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or with respect to any particular transaction;
5. the ownership, servicing or management for others of any other mortgage loans or mortgaged properties by such servicer or any affiliate of such servicer, as applicable; and
6. any debt that such servicer or any affiliate of such servicer, as applicable, has extended to any borrower or an affiliate of any borrower (including, without limitation, any mezzanine financing) (the foregoing, collectively referred to as the “Servicing Standard”).
The Master Servicer and the Special Servicer are permitted, at their own expense, to employ subservicers, agents or attorneys in performing any of their respective obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, but will not thereby be relieved of any such obligation, and will be responsible for the acts and omissions of any such subservicers, agents or attorneys. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Special Servicer will not enter into any sub-servicing agreement which provides for the performance by third parties of any or all of its obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement without, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the consent of the Directing Holder, except to the extent necessary for the Special Servicer to comply with applicable regulatory requirements. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides, however, that neither the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer nor any of their respective directors, officers, employees, members, managers or agents will have any liability to the Trust or the Certificateholders for taking any action or refraining from taking an action in good faith, or for errors in judgment. The foregoing provision would not protect either Master Servicer or the Special Servicer for the breach of its representations or warranties in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or any liability by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith, fraud or negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of its reckless disregard of obligations or duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, to make reasonable efforts to collect all payments called for under the terms and provisions of the Mortgage Loans [and the Loan Combinations] to the extent such procedures are consistent with the Servicing Standard. Consistent with the above, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer may, in its discretion, waive any late payment fee in connection with any delinquent Monthly Payment or Balloon Payment with respect to any Mortgage Loan.
[All net present value calculations and determinations made under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement with respect to any Mortgage Loan, Mortgage Property or REO Property (including for purposes of the definition of “Servicing Standard” set forth above) will be made in accordance with the Mortgage Loan Documents or, in the
event the Mortgage Loan Documents are silent, by using a discount rate appropriate for the type of cash flows being discounted; namely (i) for principal and interest payments on the Mortgage Loan or sale of a Defaulted Mortgage Loan, the higher of (1) the rate determined by the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable, that approximates the market rate that would be obtainable by the borrowers on similar debt of the borrowers as of such date of determination, (2) the Mortgage Rate and (3) the yield on 10-year U.S. treasuries and (ii) for all other cash flows, including property cash flow, the “discount rate” set forth in the most recent appraisal (or updated appraisal).]
[For so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing,] the Directing Holder will be entitled to advise (1) the Special Servicer, with respect to all Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans, (2) the Special Servicer, with respect to non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans, as to all matters for which the Master Servicer must obtain the consent or deemed consent of the Special Servicer, and (3) the Special Servicer, with respect to all Mortgage Loans for which an extension of maturity is being considered by the Special Servicer or by the Master Servicer, subject to consent or deemed consent of the Special Servicer.
[Except as otherwise described in the succeeding paragraphs below, (a) the Master Servicer will not be permitted to take any of the following actions unless it has obtained the consent of the Special Servicer and (b) [for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing,] the Special Servicer will not be permitted to consent to the Master Servicer’s taking any of the following actions, nor will the Special Servicer itself be permitted to take any of the following actions, as to which the Directing Holder has objected in writing within ten business days after receipt of the written recommendation and analysis (provided that if such written objection has not been received by the special servicer within the ten-day period, the Directing Holder will be deemed to have approved such action):
(i) any proposed or actual foreclosure upon or comparable conversion (which may include acquisitions of an REO Property) of the ownership of properties securing such of the Mortgage Loans as come into and continue in default;
(ii) any modification, consent to a modification or waiver of any monetary term (other than late payment charges or Default Interest) or material non-monetary term (including, without limitation, the timing of payments and acceptance of discounted payoffs) of a Mortgage Loan or any extension of the maturity date of such Mortgage Loan;
(iii) any sale of a Defaulted Mortgage Loan or REO Property (other than in connection with the termination of the Trust as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Optional Termination” in this prospectus supplement) for less than the applicable Repurchase Price;
(iv) any determination to bring an REO Property into compliance with applicable environmental laws or to otherwise address hazardous material located at an REO Property;
(v) any release of collateral or any acceptance of substitute or additional collateral for a Mortgage Loan or any consent to either of the foregoing, other than if required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan and for which there is no material lender discretion;
(vi) any waiver of a “due-on-sale” or “due-on-encumbrance” clause with respect to a Mortgage Loan or any consent to such a waiver or consent to a transfer of the Mortgaged Property or interests in the borrower or consent to the incurrence of additional debt;
(vii) any property management company changes (with respect to a Mortgage Loan with a Stated Principal Balance greater than $2,500,000) or franchise changes (with respect to a Mortgage Loan for which the lender is required to consent or approve under the Mortgage Loan Documents;
(viii) releases of any escrow accounts, reserve accounts or letters of credit held as performance escrows or reserves, other than those required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan and for which there is no material lender discretion;
(ix) any acceptance of an assumption agreement releasing a borrower from liability under a Mortgage Loan other than pursuant to the specific terms of such Mortgage Loan and for which there is no material lender discretion; and
(x) any determination of an Acceptable Insurance Default;
provided that in the event that the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer determines that immediate action is necessary to protect the interests of the Certificateholders [and, with respect to any applicable Loan Combination, the holder of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender)], the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as the case may be, may take any such action without waiting for the Directing Holder’s response. [The Special Servicer is not required to obtain the consent of the Directing Holder for any of the foregoing actions upon the occurrence and during the continuance of a Control Termination Event; provided, however, that after the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event but prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Special Servicer will be required to consult with the Directing Holder in connection with any proposed action described above and to consider alternative actions recommended by the Directing Holder, but only to the extent that such consultation or consent would have been required before the Control Termination Event; provided that such consultation is not binding on the Special Servicer.]
[In addition, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Holder may direct the Special Servicer to take, or to refrain from taking, other actions with respect to a Mortgage Loan or a Loan Combination, as applicable, as the Directing Holder may reasonably deem advisable; provided that neither the Master Servicer nor the Special Servicer will be required to take or refrain from taking any action pursuant to instructions or objections from the Directing Holder that would cause it to violate applicable law, the related Mortgage Loan Documents, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, including the Servicing Standard, or the REMIC provisions of the Code.]
The “Directing Holder” means:
(a) with respect to any Mortgage Loan [(other than with respect to each Loan Combination)], the Controlling Class Representative; and
(b) [with respect to each Loan Combination, (i) for so long as the principal amount of the related B Loan (net of any existing Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to the related Loan Combination) is equal to or greater than 25% of the initial principal amount of such B Loan, the holder of such B Loan (but only if the holder of such B Loan is not the borrower or an affiliate thereof) and (ii) for so long as the principal amount of the related B Loan (net of any existing Appraisal Reduction Amount with respect to the related Loan Combination) is less than 25% of the initial principal amount of such B Loan or the holders of such B Loan is the borrower or an affiliate thereof, the Controlling Class Certificateholder (or representative thereof) selected in accordance with clause (a) above.]
The initial Directing Holder for the Mortgage Loans [(other than any Loan Combination)] will be[______].
The “Controlling Class Representative” is the Controlling Class Certificateholder (or a representative thereof) selected by more than 50% of the Controlling Class Certificateholders, by Certificate Balance, as determined by the Certificate Registrar from time to time; provided, however, that (i) absent that selection, or (ii) until a Controlling Class Representative is so selected or (iii) upon receipt of a notice from a majority of the Controlling Class Certificateholders, by Certificate Balance, that a Controlling Class Representative is no longer designated, the Controlling Class Certificateholder that owns the largest aggregate Certificate Balance of the Controlling Class will be the Controlling Class Representative.
A “Controlling Class Certificateholder” is each holder (or beneficial owner, if applicable) of a Certificate of the Controlling Class as determined by the Certificate Registrar to the Certificate Administrator from time to time or by the holder (or beneficial owner).
The “Controlling Class” will be as of any time of determination the most subordinate class of [Control Eligible] Certificates then outstanding that has an aggregate Certificate Balance, as notionally reduced by any Appraisal
Reduction Amounts allocable to such class, at least equal to 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that Class or if no class of Control Eligible Certificates meet the preceding requirement, the Class [__] Certificates. The Controlling Class as of the Closing Date will be the Class [__] Certificates.
A “Consultation Termination Event” will occur when there is no Class of [Control Eligible] Certificates that has a Certificate Balance at least equal to 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that Class, in each case without regard to the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts. [Upon the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, no Class of Certificates will act as the Controlling Class and the Directing Holder will have no rights under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.]
The Master Servicer, Special Servicer or Trustee may request that the Certificate Registrar determine which Class of Certificates is the then-current Controlling Class and the Certificate Registrar must thereafter provide such information to the requesting party. The Master Servicer or Special Servicer may request that the Trustee provide, and the Trustee must so provide, a list of the holders (or beneficial owners, if applicable, at the expense of the Trust) of the Controlling Class. The Master Servicer and Special Servicer may each rely on any such list so provided.
[The “Control Eligible Certificates” will be any of the Class [__], Class [__] and Class [__] Certificates.
[A “Control Termination Event” will occur under the following circumstances:
(a) with respect to any Mortgage Loan [that is not part of a Loan Combination], when there is no Class of [Control Eligible] Certificates that has a Certificate Balance (as notionally reduced by any Appraisal Reduction Amounts allocable to such class) that is at least equal to 25% of the initial Certificate Balance of that Class[; and
(b) with respect to any Mortgage Loan that is part of a Loan Combination, (i) in the case of the [________] Loan Combination, when a [________] Control Appraisal Event exists and (ii) in the case of the [________] Loan Combination, when a [________] Control Appraisal Event exists].
After the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, the Directing Holder will have no consultation rights under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and will have no right to receive any notices, reports or information (other than notices, reports or information required to be delivered to all Certificateholders) or any other rights as Directing Holder. However, the Directing Holder will maintain the right to exercise its Voting Rights for the same purposes as any other Certificateholder under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.]
Neither the Master Servicer nor the Special Servicer will be required to take or to refrain from taking any action pursuant to instructions from the Directing Holder, or due to any failure to approve an action by any such party, or due to an objection by any such party that would cause either the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer to violate applicable law, the related Mortgage Loan Documents, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (including the Servicing Standard), any related co-lender agreements or the REMIC provisions.
The Directing Holder has certain rights to remove and replace the Special Servicer as described under
“—Special Servicing—Replacement of the Special Servicer” in this prospectus supplement.
Limitation on Liability of Directing Holder
The Directing Holder will not be liable to the Trust or the Certificateholders for any action taken, or for refraining from the taking of any action for errors in judgment. However, the Directing Holder will not be protected against any liability to the Controlling Class Certificateholders that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of duties or by reason of reckless disregard of obligations or duties.
Each Certificateholder acknowledges and agrees, by its acceptance of its Certificates, that the Directing Holder:
(a) may have special relationships and interests that conflict with those of holders of one or more Classes of Certificates;
(b) may act solely in the interests of the holders of the Controlling Class;
(c) does not have any liability or duties to the holders of any Class of Certificates other than the Controlling Class;
(d) may take actions that favor the interests of the holders of the Controlling Class over the interests of the holders of one or more other Classes of Certificates; and
(e) will have no liability whatsoever (other than to a Controlling Class Certificateholder) for having so acted as set forth in (a) – (d) above, and no Certificateholder may take any action whatsoever against the Directing Holder or any director, officer, employee, agent or principal thereof for having so acted.
The taking of, or refraining from taking, any action by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer in accordance with the direction of or approval of the Directing Holder, which does not violate any law or the Servicing Standard or the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or any co-lender agreements, will not result in any liability on the part of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer.
The Operating Advisor will act solely as a contracting party to the extent described in this free writing prospectus and as set forth under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, will have no fiduciary duty, will have no other duty except with respect to its specific obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and will have no duty or liability to any particular Class of Certificates or any Certificateholder. The Operating Advisor will not be charged with changing the outcome on any particular Specially Serviced Loan. By purchasing a Certificate, Certificateholders acknowledge and agree that there could be multiple strategies to resolve any Specially Serviced Loan and that the goal of the Operating Advisor’s participation is to provide additional oversight relating to the Special Servicer’s compliance with the Servicing Standard in making its determinations as to which strategy to execute. Potential investors should note that the Operating Advisor is not an “advisor” for any purpose other than as specifically set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and is not an advisor to any person, including without limitation any Certificateholder. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Offered Certificates—Risks Relating to Lack of Certificateholder Control over the Issuing Entity” in this free writing prospectus.
Role of Operating Advisor While No Control Termination Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing
With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Loan Combination, unless a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Operating Advisor’s obligations will be limited to the following, and generally will not involve an assessment of specific actions of the Special Servicer:
(a) promptly reviewing information available to Privileged Persons on the Certificate Administrator’s website that is relevant to the Operating Advisor’s obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement;
(b) promptly reviewing each Final Asset Status Report; and
(c) reviewing any Appraisal Reduction Amount and net present value calculations used in the Special Servicer’s determination of what course of action to take in connection with the workout or liquidation of a Specially Serviced Loan (after they have been finalized); however the Operating Advisor may not opine on, or otherwise call into question, such Appraisal Reduction Amount calculations and/or net present value calculations (except that if the Operating Advisor discovers a mathematical error contained in such calculations, then the Operating Advisor will be required to notify the Special Servicer and the Controlling Class Representative of such error).
The Operating Advisor will have no specific involvement with respect to collateral substitutions, assignments, workouts, modifications, consents, waivers, insurance policies, borrower substitutions, lease changes and other similar actions that the Special Servicer may perform under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and will have no obligations with respect to any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan.
Role of Operating Advisor While a Control Termination Event Has Occurred and Is Continuing
With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Loan Combination, while a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Operating Advisor’s obligations will consist of the following:
(a) the Operating Advisor will be required to consult (on a non-binding basis) with the Special Servicer in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard with respect to Major Decisions as described under “—The Directing Holder” and “—Special Servicing—Asset Status Report” in this free writing prospectus;
(b) the Operating Advisor will be required in connection with the preparation of the Operating Advisor’s annual report to generally review the Special Servicer’s operational practices in respect of Specially Serviced Loans in order to formulate an opinion as to whether or not those operational practices generally satisfy the Servicing Standard with respect to the resolution and/or liquidation of the Specially Serviced Loans, each in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard, as described under “—Annual Report” below;
(c) the Operating Advisor will be required to promptly recalculate and verify the accuracy of the mathematical calculations and the corresponding application of the non-discretionary portion of the applicable formulas required to be utilized in connection with: (1) any Appraisal Reduction Amount or (2) net present value calculations used in the Special Servicer’s determination of what course of action to take in connection with the workout or liquidation of a Specially Serviced Loan prior to utilization by the Special Servicer. In connection with the foregoing,
(i) after the calculation but prior to the utilization by the Special Servicer, the Special Servicer will be required to deliver the foregoing calculations together with information and support materials (including such additional information reasonably requested by the Operating Advisor to confirm the mathematical accuracy of such calculations, but not including any Privileged Information) to the Operating Advisor;
(ii) if the Operating Advisor does not agree with the mathematical calculations or the application of the applicable non-discretionary portions of the formula required to be utilized for such calculation, the Operating Advisor and Special Servicer will be required to consult with each other in order to resolve any inaccuracy in the mathematical calculations or the application of the non-discretionary portions of the related formula in arriving at those mathematical calculations or any disagreement; and
(iii) if the Operating Advisor and Special Servicer are not able to resolve such matters, the Operating Advisor will be required to promptly notify the Certificate Administrator and the Certificate Administrator will be required to examine the calculations and supporting materials provided by the Special Servicer and the Operating Advisor and determine which calculation is to apply;
(d) the Operating Advisor will be required to prepare an annual report (if any Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Loan Combination were Specially Serviced Loans during the prior calendar year) to be provided to the Trustee, the Master Servicer, the Rating Agencies, the Certificate Administrator (and made available through the Certificate Administrator’s website) and the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website), as described below.
The Operating Advisor will be required to keep all Privileged Information confidential and may not disclose such Privileged Information to any person (including Certificateholders other than the Controlling Class Representative), other than (1) to the extent expressly required by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, to the other parties to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement with a notice indicating that such information is Privileged Information or (2) pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception. Each party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement that received Privileged Information from the Operating Advisor with a notice stating that such information is Privileged Information may not disclose such Privileged Information to any person without the prior written consent of the Special Servicer, the Controlling Class Representative and the Directing Holder other than pursuant to a Privileged Information Exception.
The ability to perform the duties of the Operating Advisor and the quality and the depth of any annual report will be dependent upon the timely receipt of information required to be delivered to the Operating Advisor and the
accuracy and the completeness of such information. It is possible that the lack of access to Privileged Information may limit or prohibit the Operating Advisor from performing its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the Operating Advisor will not be subject to liability arising from its lack of access to Privileged Information.
The “Operating Advisor Standard” means the Operating Advisor is required to act solely on behalf of the Issuing Entity and in the best interest of, and for the benefit of, the Certificateholders and, with respect to the Prince Building Loan Combination and the Eastview Mall and Commons Loan Combination, for the benefit of the holders of the related Companion Loans (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender), and not to any particular Class of Certificateholders (as determined by the Operating Advisor in the exercise of its good faith and reasonable judgment).
“Privileged Information” means (i) any correspondence or other communications between the Directing Holder and the Special Servicer related to any Specially Serviced Loan or the exercise of the consent or consultation rights of a Directing Holder under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or any related intercreditor agreement, (ii) any strategically sensitive information that the Special Servicer has reasonably determined could compromise the Issuing Entity’s position in any ongoing or future negotiations with the related borrower or other interested party, and (iii) information subject to attorney-client privilege.
“Privileged Information Exception” means, with respect to any Privileged Information, at any time (a) such Privileged Information becomes generally available and known to the public other than as a result of a disclosure directly or indirectly by the party restricted from disclosing such Privileged Information (the “Restricted Party”), (b) it is reasonable and necessary for the Restricted Party to disclose such Privileged Information in working with legal counsel, auditors, taxing authorities or other governmental agencies, (c) such Privileged Information was already known to such Restricted Party and not otherwise subject to a confidentiality obligation and/or (d) the Restricted Party is (in the case of the Operating Advisor, as evidenced by an opinion of counsel delivered to each of the Special Servicer, the Directing Holder with respect to such Mortgage Loan, the Certificate Administrator and the Trustee), required by law to disclose such information.
A “Final Asset Status Report” with respect to any Specially Serviced Loan, means each related Asset Status Report, together with such other data or supporting information provided by the Special Servicer to the Directing Holder, which does not include any communication (other than the related Asset Status Report) between the Special Servicer and the Directing Holder with respect to such Specially Serviced Loan; provided that no Asset Status Report will be considered to be a Final Asset Status Report unless, if no Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, the Directing Holder has either finally approved of and consented to the actions proposed to be taken in connection therewith, or has exhausted all of its rights of approval or consent in respect of such action, or has been deemed to approve or consent to such action or the Asset Status Report is otherwise implemented by the Special Servicer in accordance with the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Loan Combination, if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing, based on the Operating Advisor’s review of any annual compliance statement, Assessment of Compliance (as defined in the prospectus), Attestation Report (as defined in the prospectus), Asset Status Report and other information (other than any communications between the Directing Holder and the Special Servicer that would be Privileged Information) delivered to the Operating Advisor by the Special Servicer, the Operating Advisor (if any Mortgage Loans (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans) or Serviced Loan Combinations were Specially Serviced Loans during the prior calendar year) will prepare an annual report to be provided to the Master Servicer, the Trustee, the Rating Agencies, the Certificate Administrator (and made available through the Certificate Administrator’s website), the holders of the Prince Building Companion Loan (if applicable), the holders of the Eastview Mall and Commons Companion Loan (if applicable) and the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website) setting forth its assessment of the Special Servicer’s performance of its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement on a platform-level basis with respect to the resolution and liquidation of Specially Serviced Loans during the prior calendar year.
The Special Servicer and the Directing Holder (for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing), must be given an opportunity to review any annual report produced by the Operating Advisor at
least 5 business days prior to its delivery to the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator; provided, that the Operating Advisor will have no obligation to consider any comments to such annual report that are provided by the Special Servicer or Directing Holder, as applicable.
In each such annual report, the Operating Advisor, based on its review conducted in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, will identify any material deviations (i) from the Servicing Standard and (ii) from the Special Servicer’s obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement with respect to the resolution and liquidation of Specially Serviced Loans. Each annual report will be required to comply with the confidentiality requirements described in this free writing prospectus regarding Privileged Information and as otherwise set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Replacement of the Special Servicer
With respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loan) or Serviced Loan Combination, after the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, if the Operating Advisor determines that the Special Servicer is not performing its duties as required under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or is otherwise not acting in accordance with the Servicing Standard, the Operating Advisor may recommend the replacement of the Special Servicer in the manner described in “The Servicers—Replacement of the Special Servicer” in this free writing prospectus.
Operating Advisor Termination Events
The following constitute Operating Advisor termination events under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (each, an “Operating Advisor Termination Event”), whether any such event is voluntary or involuntary or is effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body:
(a) any failure by the Operating Advisor to observe or perform in any material respect any of its covenants or agreements or the material breach of its representations or warranties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which written notice of such failure is given to the Operating Advisor by any party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or to the Operating Advisor, the Certificate Administrator and the Trustee by the holders of Certificates having greater than 25% of the aggregate Voting Rights; provided, that with respect to any such failure which is not curable within such 30-day period, the Operating Advisor will have an additional cure period of 30 days to effect such cure so long as it has commenced to cure such failure within the initial 30-day period and has provided the Trustee and the Certificate Administrator with an officer’s certificate certifying that it has diligently pursued, and is continuing to pursue, such cure;
(b) any failure by the Operating Advisor to perform in accordance with the Operating Advisor Standard which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days;
(c) any failure by the Operating Advisor to be an Eligible Operating Advisor, which failure continues unremedied for a period of 30 days;
(d) a decree or order of a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction in the premises in an involuntary case under any present or future federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law for the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings, or for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, shall have been entered against the Operating Advisor, and such decree or order shall have remained in force undischarged or unstayed for a period of 60 days;
(e) the Operating Advisor consents to the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator or liquidation committee in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities, voluntary liquidation, or similar proceedings of or relating to the Operating Advisor or of or relating to all or substantially all of its property; or
(f) the Operating Advisor admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, files a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or voluntarily suspends payment of its obligations.
Upon receipt by the Certificate Administrator of notice of the occurrence of any Operating Advisor Termination Event, the Certificate Administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice to all Certificateholders electronically by posting such notice on its internet website and by mail, unless such Operating Advisor Termination Event has been remedied.
“Eligible Operating Advisor” means an institution (i) that is the special servicer or operating advisor on a commercial mortgage-backed securities transaction rated by DBRS, Fitch, KBRA, Moody’s, Morningstar or S&P (including, in the case of Park Bridge Lender Services LLC, this transaction) but has not been special servicer on a transaction for which Fitch, Moody’s or S&P has qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of, one or more class of certificates for such transaction citing servicing concerns with the special servicer as the sole or material factor in such rating action, (ii) that can and will make the representations and warranties set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, (iii) that is not the Depositor, the Special Servicer, a Sponsor, the Controlling Class Representative, the Directing Holder or an affiliate of the Depositor, the Special Servicer, a Mortgage Loan Seller, the Controlling Class Representative or the Directing Holder and (iv) that has not been paid by any Special Servicer or successor Special Servicer any fees, compensation or other remuneration (x) in respect of its obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or (y) for the appointment or recommendation for replacement of a successor Special Servicer to become the Special Servicer.
Rights upon Operating Advisor Termination Event
If an Operating Advisor Termination Event occurs then, and in each and every such case, so long as such Operating Advisor Termination Event has not been remedied, either (i) the Trustee may or (ii) upon the written direction of holders of Certificates evidencing at least 25% of the Voting Rights of each Class of Certificates, the Trustee will be required to, terminate all of the rights and obligations of the Operating Advisor under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, other than rights and obligations accrued prior to such termination (including accrued and unpaid compensation) and indemnification rights (arising out of events occurring prior to such termination), by written notice to the Operating Advisor.
As soon as practicable, but in no event later than 15 business days after (i) the Operating Advisor resigns or (ii) the Trustee or the Certificate Administrator delivers such written notice of termination to the Operating Advisor, upon the written direction of holders of Certificates evidencing not less than 25% of the Voting Rights of each Class of Certificates, the Trustee will be required to, appoint a successor Operating Advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor, which successor Operating Advisor may be an affiliate of the Trustee. If the Trustee is acting as the successor Master Servicer or the successor Special Servicer, neither the Trustee nor any of its affiliates will be the successor Operating Advisor. The Trustee will be required to provide written notice of the appointment of a successor Operating Advisor to the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Certificate Administrator, the Controlling Class Representative, each Serviced Companion Loan noteholder and each Certificateholder within one business day of such appointment. The Operating Advisor may not at any time be the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, a Mortgage Loan Seller, a depositor, servicer or special servicer with respect to the securitization of a Companion Loan, or an affiliate of any of them. The appointment of the successor Operating Advisor will not be subject to the vote, consent or approval of the holder of any Class of Certificates. Upon any termination of the Operating Advisor and appointment of a successor Operating Advisor, the Trustee will, as soon as possible, be required to give written notice of the termination and appointment to the Rating Agencies, the Special Servicer, the Master Servicer, the Certificate Administrator, the Depositor, the Controlling Class Representative (but only for so long as no Consultation Termination Event has occurred and is continuing), any Serviced Companion Loan noteholder, the Certificateholders and the 17g-5 Information Provider (and made available through the 17g-5 Information Provider’s website).
Termination of the Operating Advisor Without Cause
Upon (i) the written direction of holders of Certificates evidencing not less than 15% of the aggregate Voting Rights requesting a vote to terminate and replace the Operating Advisor with a proposed successor Operating
Advisor that is an Eligible Operating Advisor and (ii) payment by such holders to the Certificate Administrator of the reasonable fees and expenses to be incurred by the Certificate Administrator in connection with administering such vote, the Certificate Administrator will be required to promptly provide written notice of such request to all Certificateholders and the Operating Advisor by posting such notice on its internet website and by mailing such notice to all Certificateholders. Upon the written direction of holders of more than 50% of the Voting Rights of the Certificates that exercise their right to vote (provided that holders of at least 50% of the Voting Rights of the Certificates exercise their right to vote), the Trustee will be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the Operating Advisor under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement by written notice to the Operating Advisor (other than any rights or obligations that accrued prior to the date of such termination (including accrued and unpaid compensation) and other than indemnification rights arising out of events occurring prior to such termination). The Certificate Administrator will be required to include on each Distribution Date statement a statement that each Certificateholder and beneficial owner of Certificates may access such notices on the Certificate Administrator’s website and each Certificateholder and beneficial owner of Certificates may register to receive email notifications when such notices are posted on the website. The Certificate Administrator will be entitled to reimbursement from the requesting Certificateholders for the reasonable expenses of posting such notices.
Operating Advisor Compensation
An operating advisor fee (the “Operating Advisor Fee”) will be payable to the Operating Advisor monthly from amounts received in respect of the Mortgage Loans (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans) and will accrue at a rate equal to the applicable Operating Advisor Fee Rate with respect to each such Mortgage Loan on the Stated Principal Balance of the related Mortgage Loan and will be calculated on the same interest accrual basis as the related Mortgage Loan and prorated for any partial periods.
The “Operating Advisor Fee Rate” is a per annum rate equal to (a) with respect to each Mortgage Loan (other than any Non-Serviced Mortgage Loans, the Prince Building Mortgage Loan and the Eastview Mall and Commons Mortgage Loan), 0.00194%, (b) with respect to the Prince Building Mortgage Loan, 0.00544% and (c) with respect to the Eastview Mall and Commons Mortgage Loan, 0.00590%.
An Operating Advisor Consulting Fee will be payable to the Operating Advisor with respect to each Major Decision on which the Operating Advisor has consultation rights. The “Operating Advisor Consulting Fee” will be a fee for each such Major Decision equal to $10,000 or, in the case of such lesser amount as the related borrower agrees to pay with respect to any Mortgage Loan; provided that the Operating Advisor may in its sole discretion reduce the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee with respect to any Major Decision.
Each of the Operating Advisor Fee and the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee will be payable from funds on deposit in the Collection Account out of amounts otherwise available to make distributions on the Certificates, but with respect to the Operating Advisor Consulting Fee only to the extent that such fee is actually received from the related borrower. If the Operating Advisor has consultation rights with respect to a Major Decision, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will require the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, to use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to collect the applicable Operating Advisor Consulting Fee from the related borrower in connection with such Major Decision, but only to the extent not prohibited by the related loan documents. The Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable, will each be permitted to waive or reduce the amount of any such Operating Advisor Consulting Fee payable by the related borrower if it determines that such full or partial waiver is in accordance with the Servicing Standard but in no event shall take any enforcement action with respect to the collection of such Operating Advisor Consulting Fee other than requests for collection; provided that the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, will be required to consult with the Operating Advisor prior to any such waiver or reduction.
The Master Servicer will be obligated to advance, on the business day immediately preceding a Distribution Date (the “Master Servicer Remittance Date”) an amount (each such amount, a “P&I Advance”) equal to the amount not received in respect of the Monthly Payment or Assumed Monthly Payment (with interest at the Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate plus the Trustee Fee Rate) on a Mortgage Loan that was delinquent as of the close of business on the immediately preceding Due Date and which delinquent payment has not been received as of the Master Servicer
Remittance Date, or, in the event of a default in the payment of amounts due on the maturity date of a Mortgage Loan, the amount equal to the Monthly Payment or portion thereof or the Assumed Monthly Payment not received that was due prior to the maturity date; provided, however, that the Master Servicer will not be required to make an Advance to the extent it determines that such Advance would not be ultimately recoverable from collections on the related Mortgage Loan as described below. In addition, the Master Servicer will not make an Advance to the extent that it has received written notice that the Special Servicer determines that such Advance would not be ultimately recoverable from collections on the related Mortgage Loan. P&I Advances made in respect of Mortgage Loans which have a grace period that expires after the Determination Date will not begin to accrue interest until the day succeeding the expiration date of any applicable grace period; provided that if such P&I Advance is not reimbursed from collections received by the related borrower by the end of the applicable grace period, interest on such Advance will accrue from the date such Advance is made.
P&I Advances are intended to maintain a regular flow of scheduled interest and principal payments to holders of the Certificates entitled thereto, rather than to guarantee or insure against losses. Neither the Master Servicer nor the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent] will be required or permitted to make a P&I Advance for Default Interest or Balloon Payments. The Special Servicer will not be required or permitted to make any P&I Advance. The amount required to be advanced in respect of delinquent Monthly Payments or Assumed Scheduled Payments on a Mortgage Loan that has been subject to an Appraisal Reduction Event will equal the product of (a) the amount that would be required to be advanced by the Master Servicer without giving effect to such Appraisal Reduction Event and (b) a fraction, the numerator of which is the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loan (as of the last day of the related Collection Period) less any Appraisal Reduction Amounts thereof and the denominator of which is the Stated Principal Balance (as of the last day of the related Collection Period).
[With respect to each Mortgage Loan that is part of a Loan Combination, the Master Servicer will be entitled to reimbursement for a P&I Advance that becomes nonrecoverable first, from the proceeds of the related B Loan, and then, from general collections of the Trust either immediately or, if it elects, over time in accordance with the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Neither the Master Servicer nor the Trustee will be required to make P&I Advances with respect to any Companion Loan.]
In addition to P&I Advances, the Master Servicer will also be obligated (subject to the limitations described herein) to make advances (“Property Advances,” and together with P&I Advances, “Advances”) to pay delinquent real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance premiums and to cover other similar costs and expenses necessary to preserve the priority of the related Mortgage, enforce the terms of any Mortgage Loan or to protect, manage and maintain each related Mortgaged Property. In addition if the Special Servicer requests that the Master Servicer make a Property Advance and the Master Servicer fails to make such advance within two business days, then the Special Servicer may make such Property Advance on an emergency basis with respect to the Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans or REO Loans. [The Master Servicer will also be obligated to make Property Advances with respect to the Loan Combinations.
With respect to a nonrecoverable Property Advance on each of the Loan Combinations, the Master Servicer will be entitled to reimbursement from collections on, and proceeds of, the related B Loan and second, from collections on, and proceeds of, the related Mortgage Loan, and then from general collections of the Trust.]
To the extent that the Master Servicer fails to make an Advance it is required to make under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Trustee, subject to a recoverability determination, will make such required Advance pursuant to the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. If the trustee fails to make a required Advance, the fiscal agent will be required to make the Advance, subject to the same limitations and with the same rights as the trustee. The Trustee [and Fiscal Agent] will be entitled to rely conclusively on any nonrecoverability determination of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer. The [Trustee], [Fiscal Agent], as back-up advancer, will be required to have a combined capital and surplus of at least $[__________] and have debt ratings that satisfy certain criteria set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, will be entitled to reimbursement for any Advance made by it in an amount equal to the amount of such Advance, together with all accrued and unpaid interest on that Advance, (i) from late payments on the related Mortgage Loan by the borrower,
(ii) from insurance proceeds, condemnation proceeds, liquidation proceeds from the sale of the related Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan or the related Mortgaged Property or other collections relating to the Mortgage Loans or (iii) upon determining in its reasonable judgment that the Advance is not recoverable in the manner described in the preceding two clauses, from any other amounts from time to time on deposit in the Collection Account [(except as provided in this section with respect to Loan Combinations)].
The Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent] will each be entitled to receive interest on Advances at a per annum rate equal to the Prime Rate (the “Advance Rate”) (i) from the amount of Default Interest on the related Mortgage Loan paid by the borrower, (ii) from late payment fees on the related Mortgage Loan paid by the borrower, and (iii) upon determining in good faith that such interest is not recoverable in the manner described in the preceding two clauses, from any other amounts from time to time on deposit in the Collection Account [(except as provided in this section with respect to Loan Combinations)]. The Master Servicer will be authorized to pay itself, the Special Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, such interest monthly prior to any payment to holders of Certificates, provided that no interest shall accrue and be payable on any P&I Advances until the grace period for a late payment by the underlying borrower has expired. To the extent that the payment of such interest at the Advance Rate results in a shortfall in amounts otherwise payable on one or more Classes of Certificates on the next Distribution Date, the Master Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, will be obligated to make an Advance to cover such shortfall, but only to the extent that the Master Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, concludes that, with respect to each such Advance, such Advance can be recovered from amounts payable on or in respect of the Mortgage Loan to which the Advance is related. If the interest on such Advance is not recovered from Default Interest and late payment fees on such Mortgage Loan, a shortfall will result which will have the same effect as a Realized Loss. The “Prime Rate” is the rate, for any day, set forth as such in the “Money Rates” section of The Wall Street Journal, Eastern Edition.
The obligation of the Master Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, to make Advances with respect to any Mortgage Loan pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement continues through the foreclosure of such Mortgage Loan and until the liquidation of the Mortgage Loan or disposition of the related REO Properties. The Advances are subject to the Master Servicer’s or the Trustee’s [or Fiscal Agent’s], as applicable, determination that such Advances are recoverable.
With respect to the payment of insurance premiums and delinquent tax assessments, in the event that the Master Servicer determines that a Property Advance of such amounts would not be recoverable, the Master Servicer will be required to notify the Trustee and the Special Servicer of such determination. Upon receipt of such notice, the Special Servicer will be required to determine (with the reasonable assistance of the Master Servicer) whether or not payment of such amount (i) is necessary to preserve the related Mortgaged Property and (ii) would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders [(and in the case of a Loan Combination, the holder of the related Companion Loan, as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender)]. If the Special Servicer determines that such payment (i) is necessary to preserve the related Mortgaged Property and (ii) would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders [(and in the case of a Loan Combination, the holder of the related Companion Loan, as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender)], the Special Servicer will be required to direct the Master Servicer to make such payment, who will then be required to make such payment from the Collection Account [(or, with respect to a Loan Combination, the related custodial account)] to the extent of available funds.
Recovery of Advances. Subject to the conditions or limitations set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Master Servicer, the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent] or the Special Servicer, as applicable, will be entitled to recover any Advance made out of its own funds from any amounts collected in respect of a Mortgage Loan [(or, with respect to any Property Advance made with respect to a Loan Combination, from any amounts collected in respect of such Loan Combination)] as to which that Advance was made, whether in the form of late payments, insurance proceeds, and condemnation proceeds, liquidation proceeds, REO proceeds or otherwise from the Mortgage Loan or REO Loan [(or, with respect to any Property Advance made with respect to a Loan Combination, from any amounts collected in respect of such Loan Combination)] (“Related Proceeds”) prior to distributions on the Certificates. Notwithstanding the foregoing, none of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent] will be obligated to make any Advance that it or the Special Servicer determines in its reasonable judgment would, if made, not be ultimately recoverable (including interest on the Advance at the Advance Rate) out of Related Proceeds (a “Nonrecoverable Advance”). Any such determination with respect to the recoverability of
Advances by either the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer must be evidenced by an officer’s certificate delivered to the other and to the Depositor and the Trustee [and Fiscal Agent] and, in the case of the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], delivered to the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer, setting forth such nonrecoverability determination and the considerations of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee, as the case may be, forming the basis of such determination (such certificate accompanied by, to the extent available, income and expense statements, rents rolls, occupancy status, property inspections and other information used by the Master Servicer, the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent] or the Special Servicer, as applicable, to make such determination, together with any existing Appraisal or Updated Appraisal); provided, however, that the Special Servicer may, at its option, make a determination in accordance with the Servicing Standard, that any Advance previously made or proposed to be made is nonrecoverable and shall deliver to the Master Servicer and the Trustee [and Fiscal Agent] notice of such determination. Any such determination shall be conclusive and binding on the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee [and Fiscal Agent].
[Subject to the discussion in this section relating to Loan Combinations,] each of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee [and Fiscal Agent] will be entitled to recover any Advance made by it that it subsequently determines to be a Nonrecoverable Advance out of general funds on deposit in the Collection Account [(or, with respect to any Property Advance made with respect to a Loan Combination, first, out of general funds on deposit in the custodial account related to such Loan Combination and then, out of general funds on deposit in the Collection Account)], in each case, first, from principal collections and then, from interest collections. If the funds in the Collection Account [(or, with respect to a Loan Combination, the related custodial account)] allocable to principal and available for distribution on the next Distribution Date are insufficient to fully reimburse the party entitled to reimbursement, then such party may elect, on a monthly basis, in its sole discretion, to defer reimbursement of the portion that exceeds such amount allocable to principal (in which case interest will continue to accrue on the unreimbursed portion of the Advance at the Advance Rate) for such time as is required to reimburse such excess portion from principal for a period not to exceed 12 months (provided, however, that any deferment over six months will require the consent of the Controlling Class Representative). In addition, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, will be entitled to recover any Advance that is outstanding at the time that a Mortgage Loan, REO Loan, as applicable, is modified but is not repaid in full by the borrower in connection with such modification but becomes an obligation of the borrower to pay such amounts in the future (such Advance, a “Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount”), first, only out of principal collections in the Collection Account [(or, with respect to a Loan Combination, first out of principal collections in the related custodial account)] and second, only upon a determination by the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, that such amounts will not ultimately be recoverable from late collections of interest and principal or any other recovery on or in respect of the related Mortgage Loan or REO Loan, from general collections in the Collection Account, taking into account the factors listed below in making this determination. In making a nonrecoverability determination, such person will be entitled to (i) give due regard to the existence of any Nonrecoverable Advance or Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount with respect to other Mortgage Loans which, at the time of such consideration, the recovery of which are being deferred or delayed by the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee [or Fiscal Agent], as applicable, in light of the fact that proceeds on the related Mortgage Loan are a source of recovery not only for the Property Advance or P&I Advance under consideration, but also as a potential source of recovery of such Nonrecoverable Advance or Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amounts which are or may be being deferred or delayed and (ii) consider (among other things) only the obligations of the borrower under the terms of the related Mortgage Loan [(or the Loan Combination, as applicable)] as it may have been modified, (iii) consider (among other things) the related Mortgaged Properties in their “as is” or then current conditions and occupancies, as modified by such party’s assumptions (consistent with the Servicing Standard in the case of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer) regarding the possibility and effects of future adverse changes with respect to such Mortgaged Properties, (iv) estimate and consider (consistent with the Servicing Standard in the case of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer) (among other things) future expenses and (v) estimate and consider (among other things) the timing of recoveries. In addition, any such person may update or change its recoverability determinations at any time (but not reverse any other person’s determination that an Advance is non-recoverable) at any time and may obtain, at the expense of the Trust, any analysis, appraisals or market value estimates or other information for such purposes. Absent bad faith, any such determination will be conclusive and binding on the Certificateholders [and the holders of the Companion Loans]. The Trustee [and Fiscal Agent] will be entitled to rely conclusively on any nonrecoverability determination of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, and the Master Servicer will be entitled to rely conclusively on any nonrecoverability determination of the Special Servicer. Nonrecoverable Advances allocated to the Mortgage Loans
[(with respect to any Mortgage Loan that is part of a Loan Combination, as described above)] will represent a portion of the losses to be borne by the Certificateholders.
In addition, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee [and Fiscal Agent], as applicable, shall consider Unliquidated Advances in respect of prior Advances for purposes of nonrecoverability determinations as if such Unliquidated Advances were unreimbursed Advances. Any requirement of the Master Servicer or Trustee [or Fiscal Agent] to make an Advance in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement is intended solely to provide liquidity for the benefit of the Certificateholders and not as credit support or otherwise to impose on any such person the risk of loss with respect to one or more Mortgage Loans.
“Unliquidated Advance” means any Advance previously made by a party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement that has been previously reimbursed, as between the person that made the Advance under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, on the one hand, and the Trust Fund, on the other, as part of a Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount, as applicable, but that has not been recovered from the related borrower or otherwise from collections on or the proceeds of the Mortgage Loan[, the applicable Loan Combination] or REO Property in respect of which the Advance was made.
Collection Account. The Master Servicer will establish and maintain one or more segregated accounts (collectively, the “Collection Account”) pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and will be required to deposit into the Collection Account [(or, with respect to each Loan Combination, a separate custodial account)] all payments in respect of the Mortgage Loans serviced by it, other than amounts permitted to be withheld by the Master Servicer or amounts to be deposited into any Reserve Account. [Payments and collections received in respect of each Loan Combination will be deposited into a separate custodial account (which may be a sub-account of the Collection Account).] Payments and collections on each related Mortgage Loan will be transferred from such custodial account to the Collection Account no later than the business day preceding the related Distribution Date.
Distribution Accounts. The Trustee will establish and maintain one or more segregated accounts (the “Distribution Account”) in its own name for the benefit of the holders of the Certificates. With respect to each Distribution Date, the Master Servicer will remit on or before the Master Servicer Remittance Date to the Trustee, and the Trustee will deposit into the Distribution Account, to the extent of funds on deposit in the Collection Account, on the Master Servicer Remittance Date an aggregate amount of immediately available funds equal to the sum of (i) the Available Funds (including all P&I Advances) and (ii) the Trustee Fee. To the extent the Master Servicer fail to do so, the Trustee [(or if the Trustee fails to do so, the Fiscal Agent)] will deposit all P&I Advances into the Distribution Account as described herein. See “Description of the Offered Certificates—Distributions” in this prospectus supplement.
Interest Reserve Account. The Trustee will establish and maintain an “Interest Reserve Account” in its own name for the benefit of the holders of the Certificates. With respect to each Distribution Date occurring in February and each Distribution Date occurring in any January which occurs in a year that is not a leap year, unless such Distribution Date is the final Distribution Date there shall be deposited, in respect of each Mortgage Loan (other than the Mortgage Loans specified in footnote [___] of Annex A-1 to this prospectus supplement during their respective interest-only periods) that does not accrue interest on the basis of a 360-day year consisting of 12 months of 30 days each, an amount equal to one day’s interest at the related Mortgage Rate (net of any Servicing Fee payable therefrom) on the respective Stated Principal Balance as of the immediately preceding Due Date, to the extent a Monthly Payment or P&I Advance is made in respect thereof (all amounts so deposited in any consecutive January (if applicable) and February, “Withheld Amounts”). With respect to each Distribution Date occurring in March, an amount is required to be withdrawn from the Interest Reserve Account in respect of each such Mortgage Loan equal to the related Withheld Amounts from the preceding January (if applicable) and February, if any, and deposited into the Distribution Account.
The Trustee will also establish and maintain one or more segregated accounts or sub-accounts for the “Loan REMIC Distribution Account,” the “Lower-Tier Distribution Account,” the “Upper-Tier Distribution Account,” the “Grantor Trust Distribution Account” and the “Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account,” each in its own name for the benefit of the holders of the Certificates.
The Collection Account, [the separate custodial account for each Loan Combination] the Loan REMIC Distribution Account, the Lower-Tier Distribution Account, the Upper-Tier Distribution Account, the Grantor Trust Distribution Account and the Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account will be held in the name of the Trustee (or the Master Servicer on behalf of the Trustee) on behalf of the holders of Certificates [and, in the case of the Loan Combinations, the holder of the related Companion Loan] and, with respect to the Loan REMIC Distribution Account and the Lower-Tier Distribution Account, for the benefit of the Trustee as the holder of the related uncertificated regular interests. Each of the Collection Account, [the separate custodial account for each Loan Combination] any REO Account, the Loan REMIC Distribution Account, the Lower-Tier Distribution Account, the Upper-Tier Distribution Account and the Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account will be (or will be a sub-account of) either (i) (A) an account or accounts maintained with a depository institution or trust company the short-term unsecured debt obligations or commercial paper of which are rated at least [“A-1” by S&P and “P-1” by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”)], in the case of accounts in which deposits have a maturity of 30 days or less or, in the case of accounts in which deposits have a maturity of more than 30 days, the long-term unsecured debt obligations of which are rated at least [“AA-“ by S&P and “Aa3” by Moody’s] or (B) as to which the Trustee has received a No Downgrade Confirmation or (ii) a segregated trust account or accounts maintained with a federal or state chartered depository institution or trust company acting in its fiduciary capacity which, in the case of a state chartered depository institution, is subject to regulations substantially similar to 12 C.F.R. Section 9.10(b) and subject to supervision or examination by federal and state authority, or (iii) any other account with respect to which a No Downgrade Confirmation has been obtained, which may be an account maintained with the Trustee or the Master Servicer.
With respect to each of the accounts, the party that maintains such account (i.e. the Master Servicer, with respect to the Collection Account, the Trustee with respect to the Distribution Account, Interest Reserve Account and Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account [and the separate custodial account for each Loan Combination], and the Special Servicer with respect to any REO Account) shall be the party with the right and obligation to make disbursements from such account. Amounts on deposit in the Distribution Account, Interest Reserve Account and Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account will remain uninvested. The Master Servicer will have the right to invest the funds in the Collection Account [and the separate custodial account for each Loan Combination], and the Special Servicer will have the right to invest the funds in any REO Account, in certain short-term high quality investments maturing on the business day prior to the date such funds are required to be applied pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Master Servicer or Special Servicer (as applicable) will be entitled to retain any interest or other income earned on those funds and will bear any losses resulting from the investment of these funds. The transaction accounts and account activity conducted by the Master Servicer, Special Servicer or Trustee with respect to any account maintained by it will not be independently verified by any other person or entity. Cash in the Collection Account, any REO Account (except to the extent retained to pay certain expenses of maintaining REO Property), and Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account in any Collection Period will generally be disbursed on the next Distribution Date. Cash deposited in the Distribution Account on any Master Servicer Remittance Date will generally be disbursed on the next Distribution Date. Cash in the Interest Reserve Account will be disbursed as described above under “—Interest Reserve Account.”
The Master Servicer may make withdrawals from the Collection Account [and the separate custodial account for each Loan Combination], to the extent permitted and in the priorities provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Enforcement of “Due-On-Sale” and “Due-On-Encumbrance” Clauses
In most cases, the Mortgage Loans [and Loan Combinations] contain provisions in the nature of “due-on-sale” clauses (including, without limitation, sales or transfers of Mortgaged Properties (in full or part) or the sale, transfer, pledge or hypothecation of direct or indirect interests in the borrower or its owners), which by their terms (a) provide that the Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations] will (or may at the lender’s option) become due and payable upon the sale or other transfer of an interest in the related Mortgaged Property, (b) provide that the Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations] may not be assumed without the consent of the related lender in connection with any such sale or other transfer or (c) provide that such Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations] may be assumed or transferred without the consent of the lender provided certain conditions are satisfied. The Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, will not be required to enforce any such due-on-sale clauses and in connection therewith will not be required to (i) accelerate payments thereon or (ii) withhold its consent to
such an assumption if (x) such provision is not exercisable under applicable law or the enforcement of such provision is reasonably likely to result in meritorious legal action by the borrower or (y) the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, determines, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, that granting such consent would be likely to result in a greater recovery, on a present value basis (discounting at the related Mortgage Rate), than would enforcement of such clause. If the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, determines that (i) granting such consent would be likely to result in a greater recovery, (ii) such provisions are not legally enforceable, or (iii) in the case of a Mortgage Loan described in clause (c) of this paragraph, that the conditions to sale or transfer have been satisfied, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, is authorized to take or enter into an assumption agreement from or with the proposed transferee as obligor thereon, provided that (a) the credit status of the prospective transferee is in compliance with the Master Servicer’s or the Special Servicer’s, as applicable, regular commercial mortgage origination or servicing standards and criteria and the terms of the related Mortgage and (b) the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, has received No Downgrade Confirmation from [(i) S&P with respect to Mortgage Loans that (A) represent more than 5% of the then-current aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans (taking into account for the purposes of this calculation, in the case of any such Mortgage Loan with respect to which the related borrower or its affiliate is a borrower with respect to one or more other Mortgage Loans, such other Mortgage Loans), (B) have a Stated Principal Balance that is more than [$35,000,000] or (C) are among the ten largest Mortgage Loans in the Trust (based on its Stated Principal Balance), or (ii) Moody’s with respect to any Mortgage Loan that (together with any Mortgage Loans cross-collateralized with such Mortgage Loan) represent one of the ten largest Mortgage Loans in the Trust (based on its Stated Principal Balance)]. To the extent not precluded by the Mortgage Loan Documents, the Master Servicer or Special Servicer may not approve an assumption or substitution without requiring the related borrower to pay any fees owed to the rating agencies associated with the approval of such assumption or substitution. However, in the event that the related borrower is required but fails to pay such fees, such fees will be an expense of the Trust Fund [and, in the case of a Loan Combination, such expense will be allocated (i) first to the related B Loan (up to the full Stated Principal Balance thereof), and, then, (ii) to the holders of the Mortgage Loan]. No assumption agreement may contain any terms that are different from any term of any Mortgage or related Note, except pursuant to the provisions described under “—Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans” and “—Modifications” in this prospectus supplement. The Special Servicer will have the right to consent to any assumption of a Mortgage Loan that is not a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan and to any determination by the Master Servicer that in the case of a Mortgage Loan described in clause (c) of this paragraph, that the conditions to transfer or assumption of such Mortgage Loan have been satisfied; and the Special Servicer will also be required to obtain the consent of the Directing Holder to any such assumption or substitution, in each case, to the extent described in this prospectus supplement under “—The Directing Holder.” In addition, the Special Servicer will also be required to obtain the consent of the Directing Holder with respect to any assumption with respect to a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan, to the extent described in this prospectus supplement under “—The Directing Holder.”
In most cases, the Mortgage Loans [and Loan Combinations] contain provisions in the nature of a “due-on-encumbrance” clause (including, without limitation, any mezzanine financing of the borrower or the Mortgaged Property or any sale or transfer of preferred equity in the borrower or its owners) which by their terms (a) provide that the Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations] will (or may at the lender’s option) become due and payable upon the creation of any lien or other encumbrance on the related Mortgaged Property, (b) require the consent of the related lender to the creation of any such lien or other encumbrance on the related Mortgaged Property or (c) provide that such Mortgaged Property may be further encumbered without the consent of the lender, provided certain conditions are satisfied. The Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, will not be required to enforce such due-on-encumbrance clauses and in connection therewith, will not be required to (i) accelerate payments thereon or (ii) withhold its consent to such lien or encumbrance if the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, (A) determines, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, that such enforcement would not be in the best interests of the Trust or that in the case of a Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] described in clause (c) of this paragraph, that the conditions to further encumbrance have been satisfied and (B) receives a No Downgrade Confirmation [; provided, that in the case of S&P, such confirmation will only be required with respect to any Mortgage Loan that (1) represents 2% or more of the Stated Principal Balance of all of the Mortgage Loans held by the Trust Fund (or 5% if the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of all of the Mortgage Loans held by the Trust Fund is less than $100 million), (2) has a Stated Principal Balance greater than $20,000,000, (3) is one of the ten largest mortgage loans based on Stated Principal Balance, (4) has a loan-to-value ratio (which includes additional debt of the related borrower, if any) that is greater than or equal to 85% or (5) has a Debt Service Coverage Ratio (which includes additional debt of the related borrower, if any) that is less than 1.20x or, in the case
of Moody’s, such confirmation will only be required with respect to any Mortgage Loan which (together with any Mortgage Loans cross-collateralized with such Mortgage Loans) represent one of the ten largest Mortgage Loans in the Trust (based on its then Stated Principal Balance)]. To the extent not precluded by the Mortgage Loan Documents, the Master Servicer or Special Servicer may not approve the creation of any lien or other encumbrance without requiring the related borrower to pay any fees owed to the rating agencies associated with the approval of such lien or encumbrance. However, in the event that the related borrower is required but fails to pay such fees, such fees will be an expense of the Trust Fund [and, in the case of a Loan Combination, such expense will be allocated (i) first to the related B Loan (up to the full Stated Principal Balance thereof), and, then, (ii) to the holders of the Mortgage Loan]. The Special Servicer will have the right to consent to the waiver of any due-on-encumbrance clauses with regard to any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] that is not a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan and to any determination by the Master Servicer that the conditions to further encumbrance of a Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] described in clause (c) of this paragraph have been satisfied, and the Special Servicer will also be required to obtain the consent of the Directing Holder to any such waiver of a due-on-encumbrance clause, to the extent described in this prospectus supplement under “—The Directing Holder.” See “Certain Legal Aspects of Mortgage Loans—Due-on-Sale and Due-on-Encumbrance Provisions” in the prospectus. If the Special Servicer, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, (a) notifies the Master Servicer of its determination with respect to any Mortgage Loan, (which by its terms permits transfer, assumption or further encumbrance without lender consent, provided certain conditions are satisfied) that the conditions required under the related Mortgage Loan Documents have not been satisfied or (b) the Special Servicer objects in writing to the Master Servicer’s determination that such conditions have been satisfied, then the Master Servicer shall not permit transfer, assumption or further encumbrance of such Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination].
The Master Servicer (or with respect to any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan and REO Property, the Special Servicer) is required to inspect or cause to be inspected each Mortgaged Property serviced by it at such times and in such manner as is consistent with the Servicing Standard, but in any event is required to inspect each Mortgaged Property securing a Note, with a Stated Principal Balance (or in the case of a Note secured by more than one Mortgaged Property, having an allocated loan amount) of (a) $2,000,000 or more at least once every 12 months and (b) less than $2,000,000 at least once every 24 months, in each case commencing in [____]; provided, however, that if any Mortgage Loan becomes a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Special Servicer is required to inspect or cause to be inspected the related Mortgaged Property as soon as practicable but in no event more than 60 days after the Mortgage Loan becomes a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan and annually thereafter for so long as the Mortgage Loan remains a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan. The reasonable cost of each such inspection performed by the Special Servicer will be paid by the Master Servicer as a Property Advance or if such Property Advance would not be recoverable, as an expense of the Trust Fund. The Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, will be required to prepare a written report of the inspection describing, among other things, the condition of and any damage to the Mortgaged Property and specifying the existence of any material vacancies in the Mortgaged Property, any sale, transfer or abandonment of the Mortgaged Property of which it has actual knowledge, any material adverse change in the condition of the Mortgaged Property, or any visible material waste committed on the Mortgaged Property.
In the case of each Mortgage Loan (but excluding any Mortgage Loan as to which the related Mortgaged Property has become an REO Property, the Master Servicer will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to cause the related borrower to maintain (including identifying the extent to which such borrower is maintaining insurance coverage and, if such borrower does not so maintain, the Master Servicer will be required to itself cause to be maintained) for the related Mortgaged Property:
(i) except where the Mortgage Loan Documents permit a borrower to rely on self-insurance provided by a tenant, a fire and casualty extended coverage insurance policy that does not provide for reduction due to depreciation, in an amount that is at least equal to the lesser of the full replacement cost of the improvements securing the Mortgage Loan [or the Loan Combination, as applicable] or the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan, as applicable, but, in any event, in an amount sufficient to avoid the application of any co-insurance clause, and
(ii) all other insurance coverage as is required (including, but not limited to, coverage for acts of terrorism), subject to applicable law, under the related Mortgage Loan Documents, provided, however, that:
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(a)
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the Master Servicer will not be required to maintain any earthquake or environmental insurance policy on any Mortgaged Property unless such insurance policy was in effect at the time of the origination of such Mortgage Loan [or the Loan Combination, as applicable,] or was required by the related Mortgage Loan Documents and is available at commercially reasonable rates (and if the Master Servicer does not cause the borrower to maintain or itself maintains such earthquake or environmental insurance policy on any Mortgaged Property, the Special Servicer will have the right, but not the duty, to obtain (in accordance with the Servicing Standard), at the Trust’s expense, earthquake or environmental insurance on any REO Property so long as such insurance is available at commercially reasonable rates);
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(b)
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if and to the extent that any Mortgage Loan Document grants the lender thereunder any discretion (by way of consent, approval or otherwise) as to the insurance provider from whom the related borrower is to obtain the requisite insurance coverage, the Master Servicer must (to the extent consistent with the Servicing Standard) require the related borrower to obtain the requisite insurance coverage from qualified insurers that meet the required ratings set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement;
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(c)
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the Master Servicer will have no obligation beyond using its reasonable efforts consistent with the Servicing Standard to enforce those insurance requirements against any borrower; provided, however, that this will not limit the Master Servicer’s obligation to obtain and maintain a force-placed insurance policy as set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement;
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(d)
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except as provided below (including under clause (vii)), in no event will the Master Servicer be required to cause the borrower to maintain, or itself obtain, insurance coverage that the Master Servicer has determined is either (A) not available at any rate or (B) not available at commercially reasonable rates and the related hazards are not at the time commonly insured against for properties similar to the related Mortgaged Property and located in or around the region in which the related Mortgaged Property is located (in each case, as determined by the Master Servicer in accordance with the Servicing Standard, not less frequently than annually, and the Master Servicer will be entitled to rely on insurance consultants, retained at its own expense, in making such determination);
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(e)
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the reasonable efforts of the Master Servicer to cause a borrower to maintain insurance must be conducted in a manner that takes into account the insurance that would then be available to the Master Servicer on a force-placed basis;
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(f)
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to the extent the Master Servicer itself is required to maintain insurance that the borrower does not maintain, the Master Servicer will not be required to maintain insurance other than what is available on a force-placed basis at commercially reasonable rates, and only to the extent the Trustee as lender has an insurable interest thereon; and
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(g)
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any explicit terrorism insurance requirements contained in the related Mortgage Loan Documents are required to be enforced by the Master Servicer in accordance with the Servicing Standard (unless the Special Servicer and the Directing Holder have consented to a waiver (including a waiver to permit the Master Servicer to accept insurance that does not comply with specific requirements contained in the Mortgage Loan Documents) in writing of that provision in accordance with the Servicing Standard);
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provided, however, that any determination by the Master Servicer that a particular type of insurance is not available at commercially reasonable rates will be subject to the approval of the Special Servicer and the Directing Holder; provided, further, that the Master Servicer will not be permitted to obtain insurance on a force-placed basis with respect to terrorism insurance without the consent of the Special Servicer and the Directing Holder; and, provided, further, that while approval is pending, the Master Servicer will not be in default or liable for any loss.
Notwithstanding the provision described in clause (b) above, the Master Servicer, prior to availing itself of any limitation described in that clause with respect to any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], will be required to obtain the approval or disapproval of the Special Servicer and the Directing Holder (and, in connection therewith, the Special Servicer will be required to comply with any applicable provisions of the Pooling and Servicing
Agreement described herein under “—Modifications” and “—Special Servicing”). The Master Servicer will be entitled to conclusively rely on the determination of the Special Servicer.
In addition, you should assume that the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will prohibit the Master Servicer from making various determinations that it is otherwise authorized to make in connection with its efforts to maintain insurance or cause insurance to be maintained unless it obtains the consent of the Special Servicer and that the Special Servicer will not be permitted to consent to those determinations unless the Special Servicer has complied with any applicable provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement described herein under “—Modifications” and “—Special Servicing.” The Pooling and Servicing Agreement may also provide for the Special Servicer to fulfill the duties otherwise imposed on the Master Servicer as described above with respect to a particular Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] if the Special Servicer has a consent right described above and disapproves the proposed determination, or if certain other circumstances occur in connection with an insurance-related determination by the Master Servicer, with respect to that Mortgage Loan.
With respect to each REO Property, the Special Servicer will generally be required to use reasonable efforts, consistent with the Servicing Standard, to maintain with an insurer meeting certain criteria set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (subject to the right of the Special Servicer to direct the Master Servicer to make a Property Advance for the costs associated with coverage that the Special Servicer determines to maintain, in which case the Master Servicer will be required to make that Property Advance (subject to the recoverability determination and Property Advance procedures described above under “—Advances” in this prospectus supplement) (a) a fire and casualty extended coverage insurance policy, which does not provide for reduction due to depreciation, in an amount that is at least equal to the lesser of the full replacement value of the Mortgaged Property or the Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination, as applicable] (or such greater amount of coverage required by the related Mortgage Loan Documents (unless such amount is not available or the Directing Holder has consented to a lower amount)), but, in any event, in an amount sufficient to avoid the application of any co-insurance clause, (b) a comprehensive general liability insurance policy with coverage comparable to that which would be required under prudent lending requirements and in an amount not less than $1,000,000 per occurrence and (c) to the extent consistent with the Servicing Standard, a business interruption or rental loss insurance covering revenues or rents for a period of at least 12 months. However, the Special Servicer will not be required in any event to maintain or obtain (or direct the Master Servicer to maintain or obtain) insurance coverage described in this paragraph beyond what is reasonably available at a cost customarily acceptable and consistent with the Servicing Standard. With respect to each Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Special Servicer will be required to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the related borrower to maintain the insurance set forth in clauses (a), (b) and/or (c) of this paragraph, as applicable, provided that if such borrower fails to maintain such insurance, the Special Servicer will be required to direct the Master Servicer to cause that coverage to be maintained under the Master Servicer’s force-placed insurance policy. In such case, the Master Servicer will be required to so cause that coverage to be maintained to the extent that the identified coverage is available under the Master Servicer’s existing force-placed policy.
If either (x) the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer obtains and maintains, or causes to be obtained and maintained, a blanket policy or master force-placed policy insuring against hazard losses on all of the Mortgage Loans[, the Loan Combinations] or REO Properties, as applicable, as to which it is the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as the case may be, then, to the extent such policy (i) is obtained from an insurer meeting certain criteria set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and (ii) provides protection equivalent to the individual policies otherwise required or (y) the Master Servicer (or its corporate parent) or Special Servicer has long-term unsecured debt obligations that are rated not lower than [“A” by S&P and “A2” by Moody’s] and the Master Servicer or Special Servicer self-insures for its obligation to maintain the individual policies otherwise required, then the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as the case may be, will conclusively be deemed to have satisfied its obligation to cause hazard insurance to be maintained on the related Mortgaged Properties or REO Properties, as applicable. Such a blanket or master force-placed policy may contain a deductible clause (not in excess of a customary amount), in which case the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as the case may be, that maintains such policy shall, if there shall not have been maintained on any Mortgaged Property or REO Property thereunder a hazard insurance policy complying with the requirements described above, and there shall have been one or more losses that would have been covered by such an individual policy, promptly deposit into the Collection Account [(or, with respect to a Loan Combination, the related custodial account)] from its own funds, the amount not otherwise payable under the blanket or master force-placed policy in connection with such loss or losses because of such
deductible clause to the extent that any such deductible exceeds the deductible limitation that pertained to the related Mortgage Loan [or the related Loan Combination] (or, in the absence of any such deductible limitation, the deductible limitation for an individual policy which is consistent with the Servicing Standard).
The costs of the insurance premiums incurred by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer may be recovered by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, from reimbursements received from the related borrower or, if the borrower does not pay those amounts, as a Property Advance (to the extent that such Property Advances are recoverable advances) as set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. However, even if such Property Advance would be a nonrecoverable advance, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, may make such payments using funds held in the Collection Account [(or, with respect to a Loan Combination, the related custodial account)] or may be permitted or required to make such Property Advance, subject to certain conditions set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
No pool insurance policy, special hazard insurance policy, bankruptcy bond, repurchase bond or certificate guarantee insurance will be maintained with respect to the Mortgage Loans [or Loan Combinations], nor will any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] be subject to FHA insurance.
Assignment of the Mortgage Loans
The Depositor will purchase the Mortgage Loans to be included in the Mortgage Pool on or before the Closing Date from the Mortgage Loan Sellers pursuant to [___] separate mortgage loan purchase agreements (the “Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements”). See “The Sponsor[s], Mortgage Loan Seller[s] and Originator[s]” in this prospectus supplement.
On the Closing Date, the Depositor will sell, transfer or otherwise convey, assign or cause the assignment of the Mortgage Loans, without recourse, together with the Depositor’s rights and remedies against the Mortgage Loan Sellers in respect of breaches of representations and warranties regarding the Mortgage Loans, to the Trustee for the benefit of the holders of the Certificates. On or prior to the Closing Date, the Depositor will deliver to the custodian designated by the Trustee (the “Custodian”), the Note and certain other documents and instruments (the “Mortgage Loan Documents”) with respect to each Mortgage Loan. The Custodian will hold such documents in trust for the benefit of the holders of the Certificates. The Custodian is obligated to review certain documents for each Mortgage Loan within 60 days after the later of the Closing Date or actual receipt (but not later than 120 days after the Closing Date) and report any missing documents or certain types of defects therein to the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Controlling Class Representative and the related Mortgage Loan Seller. Each of the Mortgage Loan Sellers will retain a third party vendor (which may be the Trustee or the Custodian) to complete the assignment and recording of the related Mortgage Loan Documents to the Custodian. Each Mortgage Loan Seller will be required to effect (at its expense) the assignment and recordation of the related Mortgage Loan Documents until the assignment and recordation of all Mortgage Loan Documents has been completed.
Representations and Warranties; Repurchase; Substitution
In the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Depositor will assign to the Trustee for the benefit of Certificateholders the representations and warranties made by the Mortgage Loan Sellers to the Depositor in the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements.
Each of the Mortgage Loan Sellers will in its respective Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement make, with respect to each Mortgage Loan sold by it that is included in the Issuing Entity, representations and warranties generally to the effect set forth on Annex E to this prospectus supplement, as of the Closing Date, or as of such other date specifically provided in the applicable representation and warranty, subject to exceptions set forth in Annex F to this prospectus supplement.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires that the Custodian, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee notify the Depositor, the affected Mortgage Loan Seller, the Controlling Class Representative, the Custodian, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee, as applicable, upon its becoming aware of any failure to deliver Mortgage Loan Documents in a timely manner, any defect in the Mortgage Loan Documents (as described in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) or any breach of any representation or warranty contained in the preceding paragraph that, in each case, materially and adversely affects the value of such Mortgage Loan, the value
of the related Mortgaged Property or the interests of the Trustee or any holders of the Certificates. Each of the Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements provides that, with respect to any such Mortgage Loan, within 90 days following its receipt of such notice from the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee or the Custodian or, in the case of a breach or defect that would cause the Mortgage Loan not to be a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code, if earlier, its discovery of such breach or defect, the affected Mortgage Loan Seller must either (a) cure such breach or defect in all material respects, (b) repurchase such Mortgage Loan [as well as, if such affected Mortgage Loan is a cross-collateralized Mortgage Loan and not otherwise un-crossed as set forth below, the other Mortgage Loan or Mortgage Loans in such cross-collateralized group (and such other Mortgage Loan or Mortgage Loans so repurchased will be deemed to be in breach of the representations and warranties by reason of its cross-collateralization with the affected Mortgage Loan)] at an amount equal to the sum of (1) the outstanding principal balance of the Mortgage Loan or Mortgage Loans as of the date of purchase, (2) all accrued and unpaid interest on the Mortgage Loan or Mortgage Loans at the related Mortgage Rates in effect from time to time, to but not including the Due Date in the month of purchase, (3) all related unreimbursed Property Advances plus accrued and unpaid interest on related Advances at the Advance Rate and unpaid Special Servicing Fees and Workout Fees allocable to the Mortgage Loan or Mortgage Loans, (4) any payable Liquidation Fee, as specified below in “—Special Servicing—Special Servicing Compensation” and (5) all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred or to be incurred by the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Depositor and the Trustee in respect of the defect or breach giving rise to the repurchase obligation, including any expenses arising out of the enforcement of the repurchase obligation (such price, the “Repurchase Price”) or (c) substitute, within two years of the Closing Date, a Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan (a “Replacement Mortgage Loan”) for the affected Mortgage Loan (including any other Mortgage Loans which are cross-collateralized with such Mortgage Loan and are not otherwise un-crossed as described in clause (b) above and the immediately succeeding paragraph) (collectively, the “Removed Mortgage Loan”) and pay any shortfall amount equal to the excess of the Repurchase Price of the Removed Mortgage Loan calculated as of the date of substitution over the Stated Principal Balance of the Qualified Substitute Mortgage Loan as of the date of substitution; provided, that the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller generally has an additional 90-day period (as set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) to cure the material defect or material breach if such material defect or material breach is not capable of being cured within the initial 90-day period, the Mortgage Loan Seller is diligently proceeding with that cure, and such material defect or material breach is not related to the Mortgage Loan not being a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code. In addition, the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller will have an additional 90 days to cure the material breach or material defect if the Mortgage Loan Seller has commenced and is diligently proceeding with the cure of such material breach or material defect and the failure to cure such material breach or material defect is solely the result of a delay in the return of documents from the local filing or recording authorities. See “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Servicing Compensation and Payment of Expenses” in this prospectus supplement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Mortgage Loan is not secured by a hotel, restaurant (operated by a borrower), healthcare facility, nursing home, assisted living facility, self-storage facility, theatre or fitness center (operated by a borrower) property, then the failure to deliver copies of the UCC financing statements with respect to such Mortgage Loan will not be a material defect.
If (x) there exists a breach of any representation or warranty on the part of a Mortgage Loan Seller as set forth in, or made pursuant to, representation 30 or 32 described in Annex E to this prospectus supplement relating to fees and expenses payable by the borrower associated with the exercise of a defeasance option, a waiver of a “due-on-sale” provision or a “due-on-encumbrance” provision or the release of any Mortgaged Property, and (y) the related Mortgage Loan Documents specifically prohibit the Master Servicer or Special Servicer from requiring the related borrower to pay such fees and expenses, then the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller may cure such breach by transferring to the Collection Account, within 90 days of notice of such breach from the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, the amount of any such fees and expenses borne by the Trust that are the basis of such breach. Upon its making such deposit, the Mortgage Loan Seller will be deemed to have cured such breach in all respects. Provided such payment is made, this paragraph describes the sole remedy available to the Trust regarding any such breach, regardless of whether it constitutes a material breach, and the applicable Mortgage Loan Seller will not be obligated to repurchase or otherwise cure such breach.
[If one or more (but not all) of a group of cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans is to be repurchased or substituted for by the related Mortgage Loan Seller as contemplated above, then, prior to such repurchase or substitution, the related Mortgage Loan Seller or its designee is required to use its reasonable efforts to prepare and have executed all documentation necessary to terminate the cross-collateralization between such Mortgage Loans;
provided, that such Mortgage Loan Seller cannot effect such termination unless the Controlling Class Representative has consented in its sole discretion and the Trustee has received from the related Mortgage Loan Seller a written confirmation from each Rating Agency that such termination would not cause the then-current ratings of the Certificates to be qualified, withdrawn or downgraded; and provided, further, that such Mortgage Loan Seller may, at its option and within the 90-day cure period described above (as the same may be extended), purchase or substitute for all such cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans in lieu of effecting a termination of the cross-collateralization. All costs and expenses incurred by the Trustee in connection with such termination are required to be included in the calculation of the Repurchase Price for the Mortgage Loan to be repurchased. If the cross-collateralization cannot be terminated as set forth above, then, for purposes of (i) determining the materiality of any breach or defect, as the case may be, and (ii) the application of remedies, the related cross-collateralized Mortgage Loans are required to be treated as a single Mortgage Loan.]
[Notwithstanding the foregoing, if there is a material breach or material defect with respect to one or more Mortgaged Properties with respect to a Mortgage Loan or cross-collateralized group of Mortgage Loans, the Mortgage Loan Seller will not be obligated to repurchase the Mortgage Loan or cross-collateralized group of Mortgage Loans if (i) the affected Mortgaged Property may be released pursuant to the terms of any partial release provisions in the related Mortgage Loan Documents (and such Mortgaged Property is, in fact, released), (ii) the remaining Mortgaged Property(ies) satisfy the requirements, if any, set forth in the Mortgage Loan Documents and the Mortgage Loan Seller provides an opinion of counsel to the effect that such release would not cause an adverse REMIC event to occur and (iii) each Rating Agency has provided a No Downgrade Confirmation.]
In lieu of a Mortgage Loan Seller repurchasing, substituting or curing a Material Breach or Material Document Defect, to the extent that the Mortgage Loan Seller and the Special Servicer on behalf of the Issuing Entity (with the consent of the Controlling Class Representative prior to the Control Termination Event) is able to agree upon a cash payment payable by the Mortgage Loan Seller to the Special Servicer on behalf of the Issuing Entity that would be deemed sufficient to compensate the Trust Fund for a material breach or material defect (a “Loss of Value Payment” ), the Mortgage Loan Seller may elect, in its sole discretion, to pay such Loss of Value Payment. Upon its making such payment, the Mortgage Loan Seller will be deemed to have cured the related material breach or material defect in all respects. A Loss of Value Payment may not be made with respect to a material breach that is related to a Mortgage Loan not being a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(3).
A “Qualifying Substitute Mortgage Loan” is a Mortgage Loan that, among other things: (i) has a Stated Principal Balance of not more than the Stated Principal Balance of the related Removed Mortgage Loan, (ii) accrues interest at a rate of interest at least equal to that of the related Removed Mortgage Loan, (iii) has a remaining term to stated maturity of not greater than, and not more than two years less than, the remaining term to stated maturity of the related Removed Mortgage Loan and (iv) is approved by the Controlling Class Representative.
The obligations of the Mortgage Loan Sellers to repurchase, substitute, cure or make a Loss of Value Payment described in the second, third, fourth and fifth preceding paragraphs constitute the sole remedies available to holders of Certificates or the Trustee for a document defect in the related mortgage file or a breach of a representation or warranty by a Mortgage Loan Seller with respect to an affected Mortgage Loan. None of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee will be obligated to purchase or substitute a Mortgage Loan if a Mortgage Loan Seller defaults on its obligation to repurchase, substitute or cure, and no assurance can be given that a Mortgage Loan Seller will fulfill such obligations. If such obligation is not met as to a Mortgage Loan that is not a “qualified mortgage” within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code, the Upper-Tier REMIC, the Lower-Tier REMIC or the Loan REMIC may fail to qualify to be treated as a REMIC for federal income tax purposes.
Certain Matters Regarding the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer
The Master Servicer and the Special Servicer may assign its rights and delegate its duties and obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement in connection with the sale or transfer of a substantial portion of its mortgage servicing or asset management portfolio, provided that certain conditions are satisfied, including obtaining written confirmation of each rating agency then rating any Certificates that such assignment or delegation in and of itself will not cause a qualification, withdrawal or downgrading of the then-current ratings assigned to the Certificates. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that the Master Servicer or Special Servicer may not otherwise resign from its obligations and duties as the Master Servicer or Special Servicer thereunder, except upon either
(a) the determination that performance of its duties is no longer permissible under applicable law and provided that such determination is evidenced by an opinion of counsel delivered to the Trustee or (b) the appointment of, and the acceptance of the appointment by, a successor and receipt by the Trustee of written confirmation from each rating agency then rating any Certificates that the resignation and appointment will not, in and of itself, cause a downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current rating assigned by such rating agency to any Class of Certificates. No such resignation may become effective until the Trustee or a successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer has assumed the obligations of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Trustee or any other successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer assuming the obligations of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement generally will be entitled to the compensation to which the Master Servicer or Special Servicer would have been entitled. If no successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer can be obtained to perform such obligations for such compensation, additional amounts payable to such successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer will be treated as Realized Losses.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement also provides that none of the Depositor, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, or any director, officer, employee, member, manager or agent (including subservicers) of the Depositor, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer will be under any liability to the Trust or the holders of Certificates for any action taken or for refraining from the taking of any action in good faith pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (including actions taken at the direction of the Directing Holder), or for errors in judgment; provided, however, that none of the Depositor, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer or any director, officer, employee, member, manager or agent (including subservicers) of the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer will be protected against any breach of its respective representations and warranties made in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or any liability that would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith, fraud or negligence (or in the case of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, by reason of any specific liability imposed for a breach of the Servicing Standard) in the performance of duties thereunder or by reason of negligent disregard of obligations and duties thereunder. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement further provides that the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer and any director, officer, employee, member, manager or agent (including subservicers) of the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer will be entitled to indemnification by the Trust for any loss, liability or expense incurred in connection with any claim or legal action relating to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Certificates, other than any loss, liability or expense (including legal fees and expenses) (i) incurred by reason of willful misconduct, bad faith, fraud or negligence in the performance of duties thereunder or by reason of negligent disregard of obligations and duties thereunder or (ii) in the case of the Depositor and any of its directors, officers, members, managers, employees and agents, incurred in connection with any violation by any of them of any state or federal securities law. [With respect to a Loan Combination, the expenses, costs and liabilities described in the preceding sentence above that relate to the applicable Loan Combination will be paid out of amounts on deposit in the separate custodial account maintained with respect to such Loan Combination (with respect to a Loan Combination, such expenses will first be allocated to the related B Loan and then will be allocated to the related Mortgage Loan). If funds in the applicable custodial account relating to a Loan Combination are insufficient, then any deficiency will be paid from amounts on deposit in the Collection Account.]
In addition, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that none of the Depositor, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer will be under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any legal action unless such action is related to its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and which in its opinion does not expose it to any expense or liability. Each of the Depositor, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer may, however, in its discretion undertake any such action that it may deem necessary or desirable with respect to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the rights and duties of the parties thereto and the interests of the holders of Certificates thereunder. In such event, the legal expenses and costs of such action and any liability resulting therefrom will be expenses, costs and liabilities of the Trust, and the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer will be entitled to be reimbursed therefor and to charge the Collection Account [(or with respect to a Loan Combination, first from the related separate custodial account, as described in the immediately preceding paragraph)].
The Depositor is not obligated to monitor or supervise the performance of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Depositor may, but is not obligated to, enforce the obligations of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and may, but is not obligated to, perform or cause a designee to perform any defaulted obligation of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer or exercise any right of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer under the
Pooling and Servicing Agreement. In the event the Depositor undertakes any such action, it will be reimbursed by the Trust from the Collection Account [(or with respect to a Loan Combination, to the extent such reimbursement is allocable to such Loan Combination, first from the related custodial account)], to the extent not recoverable from the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable. Any such action by the Depositor will not relieve the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer of its obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Any person into which the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Depositor may be merged or consolidated, or any person resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Depositor is a party, or any person succeeding to the business of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Depositor, will be the successor of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Depositor under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and shall be deemed to have assumed all of the liabilities and obligations of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Depositor under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement if each of the rating agencies then rating any Certificates has provided a No Downgrade Confirmation; provided, however, no Rating Agency shall be required to provide a No Downgrade Confirmation if the Special Servicer is merged into or consolidated with a Qualified Affiliate or transfers all or substantially all of its assets to a Qualified Affiliate.
A “Qualified Affiliate” is any person (a) that is organized and doing business under the laws of any state of the United States or the District of Columbia, (b) that is in the business of performing the duties of a servicer of mortgage loans, and (c) as to which 50% or greater of its outstanding voting stock or equity ownership interest are directly or indirectly owned by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, or by any person or persons who directly or indirectly own equity ownership interests in the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable.
Servicer Termination Events
“Servicer Termination Events” under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement with respect to the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as the case may be, will include, without limitation:
(a) (i) any failure by the Master Servicer to make a required deposit to the Collection Account on the day such deposit was first required to be made, which failure is not remedied within one business day, or (ii) any failure by the Master Servicer to deposit into, or remit to the Trustee for deposit into, the Distribution Account any amount required to be so deposited or remitted (including any required P&I Advance, unless the Master Servicer determines that such P&I Advance would not be recoverable), which failure is not remedied (with interest) by 11:00 a.m. (New York City time) on the relevant Distribution Date [or any failure by the Master Servicer to remit to any holder of a Companion Loan, as and when required by the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the related co-lender agreement, any amount required to be so remitted which failure continues for one business day];
(b) any failure by the Special Servicer to deposit into the REO Account on the day such deposit is required to be made, or to remit to the Master Servicer for deposit in the Collection Account [(or, in the case of a Loan Combination, the related custodial account)] any such remittance required to be made, under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement; provided, however, that the failure of the Special Servicer to remit such remittance to the Master Servicer will not be an Event of Default if such failure is remedied within one business day and if the Special Servicer has compensated the Master Servicer for any loss of income on such amount suffered by the Master Servicer due to and caused by the late remittance of the Special Servicer and reimbursed the Trust for any resulting advance interest due to the Master Servicer;
(c) any failure by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer duly to observe or perform in any material respect any of its other covenants or obligations under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, which failure continues unremedied for 30 days (15 days in the case of the Master Servicer’s failure to make a Property Advance or 45 days in the case of failure to pay the premium for any insurance policy required to be force-placed by the Master Servicer pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and 5 days in the case of a failure to provide reports and items specified under “Description of the Pooling Agreements—Evidence as to Compliance” in the prospectus, but solely with respect to the first time such reports and items are required to be provided) after written notice of the failure has been given to the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as the case may be, by any other party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or to the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as the case may be, with a copy to each other party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
by the Certificateholders of any Class, evidencing, as to that Class, Percentage Interests aggregating not less than 25% [or by a holder of a Companion Loan, if affected]; provided, however, if that failure (other than the failure to provide reports and items specified under “Description of the Pooling Agreements—Evidence as to Compliance” in the prospectus on the first date on which such reports and items are required to be provided) is capable of being cured and the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable, is diligently pursuing that cure, that 30 or 45-day period, as applicable, will be extended an additional 30 days;
(d) any breach on the part of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer of any representation or warranty in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement which materially and adversely affects the interests of any Class of Certificateholders and which continues unremedied for a period of 30 days after the date on which notice of that breach, requiring the same to be remedied, will have been given to the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as the case may be, by the Depositor or the Trustee, or to the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Depositor and the Trustee by the holders of Certificates of any Class evidencing, as to that Class, Percentage Interests aggregating not less than 25% [or by a holder of a Companion Loan, if affected]; provided, however, if that breach is capable of being cured and the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable, is diligently pursuing that cure, that 30-day period will be extended an additional 30 days;
(e) certain events of insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings in respect of or relating to the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, and certain actions by or on behalf of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer indicating its insolvency or inability to pay its obligations;
(f) the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer has been removed from [S&P’s] [Fitch’s] approved master servicer list or special servicer list, as the case may be, and any of the ratings assigned to the Certificates have been qualified, downgraded or withdrawn in connection with such removal;
(g) [a servicing officer of the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable, obtains actual knowledge that Moody’s has (i) qualified, downgraded or withdrawn its rating or ratings of one or more Classes of Certificates, or (ii) has placed one or more Classes of Certificates on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal (and such “watch status” placement shall not have been withdrawn by Moody’s within 60 days of the date such servicing officer obtained such actual knowledge) and, in the case of either of clauses (i) or (ii), cited servicing concerns with the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, as applicable, as the sole or material factor in such rating action;] and
(h) [the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, or any primary servicer or sub-servicer appointed by the Master Servicer or Special Servicer, shall fail to deliver the items required to be delivered by such servicer under Item 1122 and 1123 of Regulation AB by the time provided for in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.]
Rights Upon Event of Default
If an Event of Default with respect to the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, occurs, then the Trustee may, and at the written direction of the holders of Certificates evidencing at least 51% of the aggregate Voting Rights of all Certificateholders, the Trustee will be required to, terminate all of the rights (other than certain rights to indemnification and compensation as provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) and obligations of the Master Servicer as servicer or the Special Servicer as special servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and in and to the Trust. Notwithstanding the foregoing, upon any termination of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, will continue to be entitled to receive all accrued and unpaid servicing compensation through the date of termination plus reimbursement for all Advances and interest thereon as provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. In the event that the Master Servicer is also the Special Servicer and the Master Servicer is terminated, then the Master Servicer will also be terminated as Special Servicer.
On and after the date of termination following an Event of Default by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, the Trustee will succeed to all authority and power of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (and any sub-servicing agreements) and generally will be entitled to the compensation arrangements to which the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, would have been entitled. If the Trustee is unwilling or unable so to act, or if the holders of Certificates evidencing at least 25% of the aggregate Voting Rights of all Certificateholders so request, or if the Trustee is not an “approved”
servicer by any of the rating agencies for mortgage pools similar to the one held by the Trust, the Trustee must appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of, a mortgage loan servicing institution that, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, has been approved by the Directing Holder (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld) to act as successor to the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement; provided that the Trustee must obtain No Downgrade Confirmation. Pending such appointment, the Trustee is obligated to act in such capacity. The Trustee and any such successor may agree upon the servicing compensation to be paid; provided, however, that no such compensation may be in excess of that permitted to the terminated Master Servicer or Special Servicer, provided, further, that if no successor can be obtained to perform the obligations of the terminated Master Servicer or Special Servicer after consultation with the Directing Holder, additional amounts may be paid to such successor and such amounts in excess of that permitted the terminated Master Servicer or Special Servicer shall be treated as Realized Losses. All reasonable costs and expenses of the Trustee or the successor Master Servicer or successor Special Servicer incurred in connection with transferring the mortgage files to the successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer and amending the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to reflect such succession are required to be paid by the predecessor Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, upon presentation of reasonable documentation of such costs and expenses. If the predecessor Master Servicer or Special Servicer (as the case may be) has not reimbursed the Trustee or the successor Master Servicer or Special Servicer for such expenses within [90] days after the presentation of reasonable documentation, such expense is required to be reimbursed by the Trust Fund; provided that the terminated Master Servicer or Special Servicer shall not thereby be relieved of its liability for such expenses.
No Certificateholder [or holder of a Companion Loan, as applicable], will have any right under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to institute any proceeding with respect to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or the Mortgage Loans, unless, with respect to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, such holder [or holder of a Companion Loan, as applicable] previously has given to the Trustee a written notice of a default under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and of the continuance thereof, and unless the holders of Certificates of any Class affected thereby evidencing Percentage Interests of at least 25% of such Class, as applicable, have made written request of the Trustee to institute such proceeding in its capacity as Trustee under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and have offered to the Trustee such reasonable security or indemnity as it may require against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred therein or thereby, and the Trustee, for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, failed or refused to institute such proceeding.
The Trustee will have no obligation to make any investigation of matters arising under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or to institute, conduct or defend any litigation thereunder or in relation thereto at the request, order or direction of any of the holders of Certificates, unless such holders of Certificates shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which may be incurred therein or thereby.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement may be amended at any time by the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee without the consent of any of the holders of Certificates [or holders of any Companion Loans]:
(i) to cure any ambiguity or to correct any error;
(ii) to cause the provisions in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to conform or be consistent with or in furtherance of the statements herein (or in the private placement memorandum relating to the non-offered Certificates) made with respect to the Certificates, the Trust or the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or to correct or supplement any provisions in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provisions in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement;
(iii) to amend any provision thereof to the extent necessary or desirable to maintain the rating or ratings then assigned to each Class of Certificates (provided, that such amendment does not reduce the consent or consultation rights of the Controlling Class Representative or the right of the Controlling Class Representative to receive information under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement);
(iv) to amend or supplement a provision, or to supplement any provisions in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to the extent not inconsistent with the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, or any other change which will not adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Certificateholder [or holder of a Companion Loan] not consenting thereto, as evidenced in writing by an opinion of counsel or, if solely affecting any Certificateholder [or holder of a Companion Loan], in respect of which No Downgrade Confirmation has been obtained;
(v) to modify the procedures set forth in the Pooling and Servicing relating to compliance with Rule 17g-5 of the Exchange Act; and
(vi) in the event of a TIA Applicability Determination (as defined below), to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (A) to the extent necessary to effect the qualification of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement under the TIA or under any similar federal statute hereafter enacted and to add to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement such other provisions as may be expressly required by the TIA, and (B) to modify such other provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to the extent necessary to make those provisions consistent with, and conform to, the modifications made pursuant to clause (A).
Any amendment described above may not (a) materially increase the obligations of the Depositor, the Trustee, the Paying Agent, the Certificate Administrator, the Operating Advisor, the 17g-5 Information Provider, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer without such party’s consent or (b) adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any Certificateholder or a holder of a Companion Loan not consenting thereto, as evidenced in the case of clauses (iii) through (v) above by (x) an opinion of counsel or (y) solely in the case of a Certificateholder of a rated Class, receipt of a No Downgrade Confirmation from each applicable Rating Agency. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires that no such amendment shall cause the Upper Tier REMIC or the Lower Tier REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC or cause the Grantor Trust to fail to qualify as a grantor trust for federal income tax purposes.
With respect to paragraph (v) above, a recent federal district court ruling on a motion to dismiss (Retirement Bd. of the Policemen’s Annuity and Benefit Fund of the City of Chicago, et al. v. The Bank of New York Mellon, 11 Civ. 5459 (WHP) (S.D.N.Y. Apr. 3, 2012)) held that the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “TIA”), was applicable to certain agreements that are similar to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. This ruling is contrary to published guidance of the Division of Corporation Finance of the SEC and historical industry practice, and, as a result, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement has not been qualified under the TIA. However, on May 3, 2012, the Division of Corporation Finance of the SEC advised that it is considering Trust Indenture Act CDI 202.01 in light of this ruling. In the event that subsequent to the date of this prospectus supplement the Depositor, upon consultation with the Trustee, has determined that the TIA does apply to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or that qualification under the TIA or any similar federal statute hereafter enacted is required (a “TIA Applicability Determination”), the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will provide that it will be amended without the consent of any Certificateholder to the extent necessary to comply with the TIA. In addition, if the TIA were to apply to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the TIA provides that certain provisions would automatically be deemed to be included in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (and the Pooling and Servicing Agreement thus would be statutorily amended without any further action); provided, however, that it will be deemed that the parties to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement have agreed that, to the extent permitted under the TIA, the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will expressly exclude any non-mandatory provisions that (x) conflict with the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or would otherwise alter the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or (y) increase the obligations, liabilities or scope of responsibility of any party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. Generally, the TIA provisions include additional obligations of the Trustee, certain additional reporting requirements, and heightened conflict of interest rules which may require, for example, that the Trustee resign in the event the interests of the holders of the various classes of Certificates differ from one another under certain circumstances and that one or more other trustees be appointed in its place. While investors should understand the potential for such amendments, investors should not purchase Certificates with any expectation that the TIA will be determined to apply or that any such amendments will be made.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement may also be amended from time to time by the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee with the consent of the holders of Certificates evidencing at least 66% of the Percentage Interests of each Class of Certificates affected thereby for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement or
modifying in any manner the rights of the holders of Certificates; provided, however, that no such amendment may (i) reduce in any manner the amount of, or delay the timing of, payments received on the Mortgage Loans which are required to be distributed on any Certificate, without the consent of the holder of such Certificate[, or which are required to be distributed to the holder of any Companion Loan, without the consent of the holder of such Companion Loan]; (ii) alter the obligations of the Master Servicer or the Trustee to make a P&I Advance or a Property Advance or alter the Servicing Standard set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement without the consent of the holders of Certificates representing all of the Percentage Interests of the Class or Classes affected thereby [and the consent of any affected Companion Loan noteholders]; (iii) change the percentages of Voting Rights or Percentage Interests of holders of Certificates which are required to consent to any action or inaction under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement; or (iv) amend the section in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement relating to the amendment of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, in each case, without the consent of the holders of all Certificates representing all the Percentage Interests of the Class or Classes affected thereby [and consent of the holder of any affected Companion Loans].
Further, the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Certificate Administrator, the Operating Advisor and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, without the consent of the Certificateholders, may amend the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to modify, eliminate or add to any of its provisions (i) to such extent as shall be necessary to maintain the qualification of the Lower-Tier REMIC or the Upper-Tier REMIC as a REMIC or the qualification of the Grantor Trust as a grantor trust, or to prevent the imposition of any additional material state or local taxes, at all times that any Certificates are outstanding; provided that such action, as evidenced by an opinion of counsel (obtained at the expense of the Issuing Entity), is necessary or helpful to maintain such qualification or to prevent the imposition of any such taxes, and would not adversely affect in any material respect the interest of any Certificateholder or (ii) to the extent necessary to comply with the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Exchange Act, Regulation AB, and/or any related regulatory actions and/or interpretations.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, no amendment of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement may be made (i) which adversely affects the rights, including (without limitation) as a third-party beneficiary under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, and/or obligations of any Mortgage Loan Seller, initial purchaser or Underwriter without its written consent [or (ii) which adversely affects (as determined by the applicable Companion Loan noteholder in good faith) the rights and/or obligations of any Companion Loan noteholder without its written consent].
No Downgrade Confirmation
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that, notwithstanding the terms of the related Mortgage Loan Documents or other provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, if any action under such Mortgage Loan Documents or the Pooling and Servicing Agreement requires a No Downgrade Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies as a condition precedent to such action, if the party (the “Requesting Party”) required to obtain such No Downgrade Confirmation has made a request to any Rating Agency for such No Downgrade Confirmation and, within 10 business days of such request being sent to the applicable Rating Agency, such Rating Agency has not replied to such request or has responded in a manner that indicates that such Rating Agency is neither reviewing such request nor waiving the requirement for No Downgrade Confirmation, then such Requesting Party will be required to (i) confirm that the applicable Rating Agency has received the No Downgrade Confirmation request, and, if it has, promptly request the related No Downgrade Confirmation again, (ii) if there is no response to either such No Downgrade Confirmation request within 5 business days of such second request, then (x) with respect to any condition in any Mortgage Loan Document requiring such No Downgrade Confirmation or any other matter under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement relating to the servicing of the Mortgage Loans (other than as set forth in clause (y) below), the Requesting Party will determine (with the consent, prior to the occurrence and continuance of a Control Termination Event, of the Directing Holder, which consent will be deemed given if the Directing Holder does not respond within five business days of receipt of a request to consent to the Requesting Party’s determination), in accordance with its duties under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and in accordance with the Servicing Standard, whether or not to waive such condition (other than with respect to defeasance, release or substitution of any collateral, in which case such condition will be deemed to be satisfied), and (y) with respect to a replacement of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, such condition will be deemed to be satisfied if [(i) the applicable replacement is rated at least “CMS3” (in the case of the Master Servicer) or “CSS3” (in the case of the Special Servicer), if Fitch is the non-responding Rating Agency]; or ([ii) Moody’s has not cited servicing concerns of the applicable replacement as the sole or material factor in any qualification, downgrade or withdrawal of the
ratings (or placement on “watch status” in contemplation of a ratings downgrade or withdrawal) of securities in a transaction serviced by the applicable servicer prior to the time of determination].
For all other matters or actions not specifically discussed above, the applicable Requesting Party will be required to obtain a No Downgrade Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies. In the event an action otherwise requires a No Downgrade Confirmation from each of the Rating Agencies, in absence of such No Downgrade Confirmation, there can be no assurance that any Rating Agency will not downgrade, qualify or withdraw its ratings as a result of any such action taken by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer in accordance with the procedures discussed above.
Any No Downgrade Confirmation requests made by the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee, as applicable, pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, will be required to be made in writing, which writing must contain a cover page indicating the nature of the No Downgrade Confirmation request, and must contain all back-up material necessary for the Rating Agency to process such request.
“No Downgrade Confirmation” means, with respect to any matter, confirmation in writing by each applicable Rating Agency that a proposed action, failure to act or other event specified in this prospectus supplement or the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will not in and of itself result in the downgrade, withdrawal or qualification of the then-current rating assigned to any class of Certificates [(or, with respect to any matter affecting any Companion Loan, any rating agency rating securities backed by a Companion Loan)] if then rated by the Rating Agency; provided that a written waiver or acknowledgment from the Rating Agency indicating its decision not to review the matter for which the No Downgrade Confirmation is sought shall be deemed to satisfy the requirement for the No Downgrade Confirmation from the Rating Agency with respect to such matter and the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the or the Trustee, as applicable, may proceed with the contemplated action(s) as if it had received the No Downgrade Confirmation.
See “Description of the Pooling Agreements—Evidence of Compliance” in the prospectus for a description of certain provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement requiring servicers to provide an annual certification regarding their compliance with the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, as well as an attestation of compliance with certain servicing criteria and an accountant’s attestation report with respect to such attestation. The servicers which will be required to provide an annual certification regarding their compliance with the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement in this transaction are [specify servicers].
At all times during the term of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, [___]% of the voting rights for the Certificates (the “Voting Rights”) shall be allocated among the holders of the respective Classes of Regular Certificates (other than the Class [X-C] and the Class [X-P] Certificates) in proportion to the Certificate Balances of their Certificates, and [___]% of the Voting Rights shall be allocated pro rata, based on their respective Notional Balances at the time of determination, among the holders of the Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates. Voting Rights allocated to a Class of Certificateholders shall be allocated among such Certificateholders in proportion to the Percentage Interests in such Class evidenced by their respective Certificates.
[Holders of outstanding Exchangeable Certificates will be allocated a proportionate share of the voting rights otherwise allocated to the related Classes of Depositable Certificates if those certificates were outstanding and held by certificateholders.]
Sale of Defaulted Mortgage Loans and REO Properties
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement contains provisions requiring, within 60 days after a Mortgage Loan becomes a Defaulted Mortgage Loan (or, in the case of a Balloon Loan, if a payment default has occurred with respect to the related Balloon Payment, then after a Servicing Transfer Event has occurred with respect to such Balloon Payment default), the Special Servicer to determine the fair value of such Mortgage Loan in accordance with the Servicing Standard. A “Defaulted Mortgage Loan” is a Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] which is delinquent at least 60 days in respect of its Monthly Payments or more than 60 days delinquent in respect of its
Balloon Payment, if any, in either case such delinquency to be determined without giving effect to any grace period permitted by the related Mortgage Loan Documents and without regard to any acceleration of payments under the Mortgage Loan [or the Loan Combination]. The Special Servicer will be required to recalculate, if necessary, from time to time, its determination of the fair value of a Defaulted Mortgage Loan based upon changed circumstances, new information or otherwise, in accordance with the Servicing Standard. The Special Servicer will be permitted to retain, at the expense of the Trust, an independent third party to assist the Special Servicer in determining such fair value and will be permitted to conclusively rely, to the extent it is reasonable to do so, in accordance with the Servicing Standard, on the opinion of such third party in making such determination.
If the Special Servicer determines in accordance with the Servicing Standard that it would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders [and, in the case of a Loan Combination, the holder of the related Combination Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender)] to attempt to sell such Defaulted Mortgage Loan, the Special Servicer will be required to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers for each Defaulted Mortgage Loan on behalf of the Certificateholders [and the holder of any related Companion Loan] in such manner as will be reasonably likely to realize a fair price. The Special Servicer is required to accept the first (and, if multiple offers are contemporaneously received, the highest) cash offer received from any person that constitutes a fair price for the Defaulted Mortgage Loan. The Special Servicer is required to give the Trustee, the Master Servicer and the Directing Holder 10 business days’ prior written notice of its intention to sell any Defaulted Mortgage Loan. Neither the Trustee nor any of its affiliates may make an offer for or purchase any Defaulted Mortgage Loan.
The Special Servicer will be required to determine whether any cash offer constitutes a fair price for any Defaulted Mortgage Loan if the highest offeror is a person other than an Interested Person. In determining whether any offer from a person other than an Interested Person constitutes a fair price for any Defaulted Mortgage Loan, the Special Servicer will be required to take into account (in addition to the results of any appraisal, Updated Appraisal or narrative appraisal that it may have obtained pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement within the prior 9 months), and in determining whether any offer from an Interested Person constitutes a fair price for any Defaulted Mortgage Loan, any appraiser will be instructed to take into account, as applicable, among other factors, the period and amount of the occupancy level and physical condition of the related Mortgaged Property and the state of the local economy.
If the highest offeror is an Interested Person, then the Trustee will be required to determine whether the cash offer constitutes a fair price. In determining whether any offer received from an Interested Person represents a fair price for any such Defaulted Mortgage Loan, the Trustee will be supplied with and will be required to rely on the most recent appraisal or Updated Appraisal conducted in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement within the preceding 9-month period or, in the absence of any such appraisal, on a narrative appraisal. The cost of any such narrative appraisal will be covered by, and will be reimbursable as, a Property Advance. Any costs and fees of the Trustee in connection with an offer by an Interested Party will be reimbursable by such Interested Person.
Prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event, any sale of any Defaulted Mortgage Loan for less than the Repurchase Price will be subject to the right of the Controlling Class Representative to match the price at which the Defaulted Mortgage Loan is to be sold and purchase such Defaulted Mortgage Loan instead of the original offeror (the “Controlling Class Purchase Option”). The Controlling Class Purchase Option will be required to be exercised, if not waived sooner, within 5 business days of written notice from the Special Servicer. In the event the Controlling Class Representative does not exercise its Controlling Class Purchase Option and any contemplated sale is not ultimately consummated, the Controlling Class Representative will have the Controlling Class Purchase Option with respect to any subsequent sale of that Defaulted Mortgage Loan by the Special Servicer. If the Controlling Class Representative exercises the Controlling Class Purchase Option, then the Trustee will be required to determine whether the purchase price constitutes a fair price. In determining whether any such purchase price represents a fair price for any such Defaulted Mortgage Loan, the Trustee will be supplied with and will be required to rely on the most recent appraisal or Updated Appraisal conducted in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement within the preceding 9-month period or, in the absence of any such appraisal, on a narrative appraisal. The cost of any such narrative appraisal will be covered by, and will be reimbursable as, a Property Advance. Any costs and fees of the Trustee in connection with the Controlling Class Representative’s exercise of the Controlling Class Purchase Option will be reimbursable by the Controlling Class Representative.
The Special Servicer is required to use reasonable efforts to solicit offers for each REO Property on behalf of the Certificateholders and the holder of any related Companion Loan and to sell each REO Property in the same manner as with respect to a Defaulted Mortgage Loan.
Notwithstanding any of the foregoing paragraphs, the Special Servicer will not be required to accept the highest cash offer if the Special Servicer determines, in its reasonable and good faith judgment, that rejection of such offer would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders [and the holder of any related Companion Loan, as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender,] and the Special Servicer may accept a lower cash offer (from any person other than itself or an affiliate) if it determines, in its reasonable and good faith judgment, that acceptance of such offer would be in the best interests of the Certificateholders [and the holder of any related Companion Loan, as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender].
An “Interested Person” is the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, the Trustee, any Certificateholder, any borrower, any manager of a Mortgaged Property, any independent contractor engaged by the Special Servicer or any affiliate of any of the preceding entities.
Realization Upon Defaulted Mortgage Loans
If a payment default or material non-monetary default on a Mortgage Loan has occurred or, in the Special Servicer’s judgment with the consent of the Directing Holder, a payment default or material non-monetary default is imminent, then, pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Special Servicer, on behalf of the Trustee, may, in accordance with the terms and provisions of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, at any time institute foreclosure proceedings, exercise any power of sale contained in the related Mortgage, obtain a deed in lieu of foreclosure, or otherwise acquire title to the related Mortgaged Property, by operation of law or otherwise. The Special Servicer is not permitted, however, to acquire title to any Mortgaged Property, have a receiver of rents appointed with respect to any Mortgaged Property or take any other action with respect to any Mortgaged Property that would cause the Trustee, for the benefit of the Certificateholders, or any other specified person to be considered to hold title to, to be a “mortgagee-in-possession” of, or to be an “owner” or an “operator” of such Mortgaged Property within the meaning of certain federal environmental laws, unless the Special Servicer has previously received a report prepared by a person who regularly conducts environmental audits (which report will be an expense of the Trust) and either:
(i) such report indicates that (a) the Mortgaged Property is in compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and (b) there are no circumstances or conditions present at the Mortgaged Property relating to the use, management or disposal of any hazardous materials for which investigation, testing, monitoring, containment, clean-up or remediation could be required under any applicable environmental laws and regulations; or
(ii) the Special Servicer, based solely (as to environmental matters and related costs) on the information set forth in such report, determines that taking such actions as are necessary to bring the Mortgaged Property into compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and/or taking the actions contemplated by clause (i) above, would be in the best economic interest of the Trust.
Such requirement precludes enforcement of the security for the related Mortgage Loan until a satisfactory environmental site assessment is obtained (or until any required remedial action is taken), but will decrease the likelihood that the Trust will become liable for a material adverse environmental condition at the Mortgaged Property. However, there can be no assurance that the requirements of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement will effectively insulate the Trust from potential liability for a materially adverse environmental condition at any Mortgaged Property.
If title to any Mortgaged Property is acquired by the Trust, the Special Servicer, on behalf of the Trust, will be required to sell the Mortgaged Property prior to the close of the third calendar year following the year in which the Trust acquires such Mortgaged Property, unless (i) the Internal Revenue Service grants an extension of time to sell such property or (ii) the Trustee receives an opinion of independent counsel to the effect that the holding of the property by the Trust beyond such period will not result in the imposition of a tax on the Trust or cause the Trust (or any designated portion thereof) to fail to qualify as a REMIC under the Code at any time that any Certificate is
outstanding. Subject to the foregoing and any other tax-related limitations, the Special Servicer will generally be required to attempt to sell any Mortgaged Property so acquired on the same terms and conditions it would if it were the owner. If title to any Mortgaged Property is acquired by the Special Servicer on behalf of the Trust, the Special Servicer will also be required to ensure that the Mortgaged Property is administered so that it constitutes “foreclosure property” within the meaning of Code Section 860G(a)(8) at all times and that the sale of such property does not result in the receipt by the Trust of any income from non-permitted assets as described in Code Section 860F(a)(2)(B) with respect to such property. If the Trust acquires title to any Mortgaged Property, the Special Servicer, on behalf of the Trust, generally will be required to retain an independent contractor to manage and operate such property. The retention of an independent contractor, however, will not relieve the Special Servicer of its obligation to manage such Mortgaged Property as required under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
In general, the Special Servicer will be obligated to cause any Mortgaged Property acquired as an REO Property to be operated and managed in a manner that would, in its good faith and reasonable judgment and to the extent commercially feasible, maximize the Trust’s net after-tax proceeds from such property. After the Special Servicer reviews the operation of such property and consults with the Trustee to determine the Trust’s federal income tax reporting position with respect to income it is anticipated that the Trust would derive from such property, the Special Servicer could determine, pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, that it would not be commercially feasible to manage and operate such property in a manner that would avoid the imposition of a tax on “net income from foreclosure property” within the meaning of the REMIC Regulations (such tax referred to herein as the “REO Tax”). To the extent that income the Trust receives from an REO Property is subject to a tax on “net income from foreclosure property,” such income would be subject to federal tax at the highest marginal corporate tax rate (currently 35%). The determination as to whether income from an REO Property would be subject to an REO Tax will depend on the specific facts and circumstances relating to the management and operation of each REO Property. Any REO Tax imposed on the Trust’s income from an REO Property would reduce the amount available for distribution to Certificateholders. Certificateholders are advised to consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible imposition of the REO Tax in connection with the operation of commercial REO Properties by REMICs. The Special Servicer will be required to sell any REO Property acquired on behalf of the Trust within the time period and in the manner described above.
Under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Special Servicer is required to establish and maintain one or more REO Accounts, to be held on behalf of the Trustee in trust for the benefit of the Certificateholders[ and with respect to a Loan Combination, the holder of the related Companion Loan,], for the retention of revenues and insurance proceeds derived from each REO Property. The Special Servicer is required to use the funds in the REO Account to pay for the proper operation, management, maintenance and disposition of any REO Property, but only to the extent of amounts on deposit in the REO Account relate to such REO Property. To the extent that amounts in the REO Account in respect of any REO Property are insufficient to make such payments, the Master Servicer is required to make a Property Advance, unless it determines such Property Advance would be nonrecoverable. Within one business day following the end of each Collection Period, the Special Servicer is required to deposit all amounts received in respect of each REO Property during such Collection Period, net of any amounts withdrawn to make any permitted disbursements, to the Collection Account, provided that the Special Servicer may retain in the REO Account permitted reserves.
Under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Trustee is required to establish and maintain an Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account, in its own name for the benefit of the Certificateholders. Upon the disposition of any REO Property as described above, to the extent that Liquidation Proceeds exceed the amount that would have been received if a principal payment and all other amounts due with respect to such Mortgage Loan [and any related Companion Loans] (such excess being “Excess Liquidation Proceeds”), such amount will be deposited in the Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account for distribution as provided in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will permit (a) the Master Servicer (subject to the Special Servicer’s consent, except as provided below) or (b) with respect to any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Special Servicer, in each case subject to the rights of the Directing Holder, to modify, waive or amend any term of any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] if such modification, waiver or amendment (i) is consistent with the Servicing Standard and (ii) would not constitute a “significant modification” of such Mortgage Loan [or Loan
Combination] pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.860G-2(b) and would not otherwise (A) cause any Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC or (B) result in the imposition of a tax upon any Trust REMIC or the Trust (including but not limited to the tax on “prohibited transactions” as defined in Code Section 860F(a)(2) and the tax on contributions to a REMIC set forth in Code Section 860G(d), but not including the tax on “net income from foreclosure property” under Code Section 860G(c)).
In no event, however, may the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer extend the maturity of any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] to a date occurring later than the earlier of (A) five years prior to the Rated Final Distribution Date and (B) if the Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] is secured by a ground lease, the date 20 years prior to the expiration of the term of such ground lease (or 10 years prior to the expiration of such ground lease if the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, gives due consideration to the remaining term of the ground lease and such extension is in the best interest of the Certificateholders and if a Companion Loan is involved, the holder of the related Companion Loan (as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender) and, prior to the occurrence and continuance of any Control Event, with the consent of the Directing Holder.
In addition, neither the Master Servicer nor the Special Servicer may permit any borrower to release, add or substitute any collateral for an outstanding Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination], which collateral constitutes real property, unless the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer, as applicable, receives a No Downgrade Confirmation.
The consent of the Special Servicer is required to any modification, waiver or amendment with regard to any Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] that is not a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan (other than certain non-material modifications, waivers or amendments), and the Special Servicer will also be required to obtain the consent of the Directing Holder to any such modification, waiver or amendment, to the extent described under “—The Directing Holder” in this prospectus supplement. The Special Servicer is also required to obtain the consent of the Directing Holder to any modification, waiver or amendment with regard to any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan to the extent described under “—The Directing Holder” in this prospectus supplement. When the Special Servicer’s consent is required, the Master Servicer shall promptly provide the Special Servicer with written notice of any request for modification, waiver or amendment accompanied by the Master Servicer’s recommendation and analysis and any and all information in the master servicer’s possession that the Special Servicer may reasonably request to grant or withhold such consent. When the Special Servicer’s consent is required under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, such consent will be deemed given 15 business days after receipt (unless earlier objected to) by the Special Servicer from the Master Servicer of the Master Servicer’s written analysis and recommendation with respect to such proposed action together with such other information reasonably required by the Special Servicer. With respect to all Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans and non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans, the Special Servicer will be required to obtain, prior to consenting to such a proposed action of the Master Servicer, and prior to itself taking such an action, the written consent of the Directing Holder, which consent will be deemed given 10 business days after receipt (unless earlier objected to) by the Directing Holder of the Master Servicer’s and/or Special Servicer’s, as applicable, written analysis and recommendation with respect to such waiver together with such other information reasonably required by the Directing Holder.
For any performing Mortgage Loan and any performing Loan Combination, and subject to the rights of the Special Servicer, and the Directing Holder (as described under “—The Directing Holder” in this prospectus supplement) [and the holders of the Companion Loans (as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Split Loan Structures” in this prospectus supplement), as applicable,] the Master Servicer, without the consent of the Special Servicer, will be responsible for any request by a borrower for the consent or other appropriate action on the part of the lender with respect to:
(a) approving routine leasing activity (subject to certain limitations with respect to subordination and non-disturbance agreements set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement) with respect to any lease for less than the lesser of 30,000 square feet or 30% of the related Mortgaged Property;
(b) approving any waiver affecting the timing of receipt of financial statements from any borrower; provided that such financial statements are delivered no less than quarterly and within 60 days after the end of the calendar quarter;
(c) approving annual budgets for the related Mortgaged Property; provided that no such budget (i) provides for the payment of operating expenses in an amount equal to more than 110% of the amounts budgeted therefor for the prior year or (ii) provides for the payment of any material expenses to any affiliate of the borrower (other than the payment of a management fee to any property manager if such management fee is no more than the management fee in effect on the Cut-off Date);
(d) subject to other restrictions herein regarding Principal Prepayments, waiving any provision of a Mortgage Loan requiring a specified number of days notice prior to a Principal Prepayment;
(e) approving modifications, consents or waivers (other than those specifically prohibited under this “—Modifications” section) in connection with a defeasance permitted by the terms of the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] if the Master Servicer receives an opinion of counsel (which opinion of counsel will be an expense of the borrower) to the effect that such modification, waiver or consent would not cause either Trust REMIC to fail to qualify as a REMIC under the Code or result in a “prohibited transaction” under the REMIC provisions of the Code;
(f) approving consents with respect to non-material rights-of-way and non-material easements and consent to subordination of the related Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] to such non-material rights-of-way or easements;
(g) granting waivers of minor covenant defaults (other than financial covenants);
(h) as permitted under the Mortgage Loan Documents, payment from any escrow or reserve, except releases of any escrows, reserve accounts or letters of credit held as performance escrows or reserves unless required pursuant to the specific terms of the related Mortgage Loan and for which there is no material lender discretion;
(i) approving a change of the property manager at the request of the related borrower so long as (i) the successor property manager is not affiliated with the borrower and is a nationally or regionally recognized manager of similar properties, and (ii) the subject Mortgage Loan does not have an outstanding principal balance in excess of the lesser of $5,000,000 or 2% of the then aggregate principal balance of the Mortgage Loans;
(j) subject to the satisfaction of any conditions precedent set forth in the related Mortgage Loan Documents, approving disbursements of any earnout or holdback amounts in accordance with the related Mortgage Loan Documents with respect to certain Mortgage Loans other than those Mortgage Loans identified in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement; and
(k) any non-material modifications, waivers or amendments not provided for in clauses (a) through (j) above, which are necessary to cure any ambiguities or to correct scrivener’s errors in the terms of the related Mortgage Loan.
[Any modification, waiver or amendment with respect to a Loan Combination may be subject to the consent of one or more holders of a related Companion Loan and the Special Servicer as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Split Loan Structures” in this prospectus supplement].
See also “—Special Servicing—Asset Status Report” below for a description of the Directing Holder’s rights with respect to reviewing and approving the Asset Status Report.
[If applicable to any transaction, insert disclosure required by Item 1103(a)(3)(vii) of Regulation AB.]]
Any holder of Certificates representing greater than 50% of the Percentage Interest of the then Controlling Class, and, if such holder does not exercise its option, the Master Servicer, and if the Master Servicer does not
exercise its option, the Special Servicer, will have the option to purchase all of the Mortgage Loans and all property acquired in respect of any Mortgage Loan remaining in the Trust, and thereby effect termination of the Trust and early retirement of the then outstanding Certificates, on any Distribution Date on which the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans remaining in the Trust is less than [ %] of the aggregate principal balance of such Mortgage Loans as of the Cut-off Date. [Any such party may be an affiliate of the Sponsor, Depositor, Issuing Entity or other related party at the time it exercises such right.] The purchase price payable upon the exercise of such option on such a Distribution Date will be an amount equal to the greater of (i) the sum of (A) 100% of the outstanding principal balance of each Mortgage Loan included in the Trust as of the last day of the month preceding such Distribution Date (less any P&I Advances previously made on account of principal); (B) the fair market value of all other property included in the Trust as of the last day of the month preceding such Distribution Date, as determined by an independent appraiser as of a date not more than 30 days prior to the last day of the month preceding such Distribution Date; (C) all unpaid interest accrued on the outstanding principal balance of each Mortgage Loan (including any Mortgage Loans as to which title to the related Mortgaged Property has been acquired) at the Mortgage Rate (plus the Excess Rate, to the extent applicable) to the last day of the month preceding such Distribution Date (less any P&I Advances previously made on account of interest); and (D) unreimbursed Advances (with interest thereon), unpaid Servicing Fees and Trustee Fees and unpaid Trust expenses, and (ii) the aggregate fair market value of the Mortgage Loans and all other property acquired in respect of any Mortgage Loan in the Trust, on the last day of the month preceding such Distribution Date, as determined by an independent appraiser acceptable to the Master Servicer, together with one month’s interest thereon at the Mortgage Rate. The Trust may also be terminated in connection with an exchange by a sole remaining Certificateholder of all the then outstanding Certificates (excluding the Class [R] and Class [LR] Certificates), including the Class [X C] and Class [X P] Certificates (provided, however, that the Class A through Class [D] Certificates are no longer outstanding), for the Mortgage Loans remaining in the Trust. Following such termination, no further amount shall be payable on the Certificates, regardless of whether any recoveries are received on the REO Properties.
Notice of any such termination is required to be given promptly by the Trustee by letter to the Certificateholders with a copy to the Master Servicer and each rating agency at their addresses shown in the Certificate Registrar as soon as practicable after the Trustee shall have received, given or been deemed to have received a Notice of Termination but in any event not more than 30 days, and not less than ten days, prior to the anticipated termination date. With respect to any book-entry Certificates, such notice will be mailed to DTC and beneficial owners of Certificates will be notified to the extent provided in the procedures of DTC and its participants.
Servicing Compensation and Payment of Expenses
Pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Master Servicer will be entitled to withdraw the Master Servicing Fee from the Collection Account. The “Master Servicing Fee” will be payable monthly and will accrue at a rate per annum (the “Master Servicing Fee Rate”) that is a component of the Servicing Fee Rate. The Master Servicing Fee will be retained by the Master Servicer from payments and collections (including insurance proceeds, condemnation proceeds and liquidation proceeds) in respect of each Mortgage Loan. The Master Servicer will also be entitled to retain as additional servicing compensation (together with the Master Servicing Fee, “Servicing Compensation”) (i) all investment income earned on amounts on deposit in the Collection Account [(and with respect to each Loan Combination, the related separate custodial account)] with respect to the Mortgage Loans [and related Companion Loans] that it is servicing and certain Reserve Accounts (to the extent consistent with the related Mortgage Loan Documents), (ii) to the extent permitted by applicable law and the related Mortgage Loans Documents, [100]% of any loan modification, extension and assumption fees when the consent of the Special Servicer is not required ([50]% when the consent of the Special Servicer is required, [100]% of loan service transaction fees, beneficiary statement charges, or similar items (but not including Prepayment Premiums or Yield Maintenance Charges) where the consent of the Special Servicer is not required ([50]% where the consent of the Special Servicer is required) and [100]% of any assumption application fees, (iii) Net Prepayment Interest Excess, if any, and (iv) Net Default Interest and any late payment fees collected by the Master Servicer during a Collection Period on any non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan [(other than Companion Loans)] remaining after application thereof to reimburse interest on Advances with respect to such Mortgage Loan and to reimburse the Trust for certain expenses of the Trust relating to such Mortgage Loan. If a Mortgage Loan is a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan, the Special Servicer will be entitled to the full amount of any modification, extension or assumption fees, as described below under “—Special Servicing.” The primary servicing fee, Master Servicing Fee and the Trustee Fee will accrue on the same basis as the Mortgage Loans.
In connection with any Master Servicer Prepayment Interest Shortfall, the Master Servicer will be obligated to reduce its Servicing Compensation as provided in this prospectus supplement under “Description of the Offered Certificates—Prepayment Interest Shortfalls.”
The Master Servicer will pay all expenses incurred in connection with its responsibilities under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement (subject to reimbursement to the extent and as described in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement). The Trustee will withdraw monthly from the Distribution Account the portion of the Servicing Fee payable to the Trustee.
Replacement of the Special Servicer. The Special Servicer may be removed, and a successor Special Servicer appointed, at any time, as follows:
(a) with respect to Mortgage Loans as to which a Control Termination Event has not occurred (or has occurred, but is no longer continuing), the Special Servicer may be removed at the direction of the applicable Directing Holder; and
(b) with respect to any Mortgage Loan as to which a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing the Special Servicer may be removed, in accordance with the procedures set forth below, at the written direction of holders of Regular Certificates [(other than Class X Certificates)] evidencing at least 75% of the aggregate Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of the Certificates) of all Regular Certificates [(other than Class X Certificates)] on an aggregate basis.
The procedures for removing a Special Servicer if a Control Termination Event has occurred and is continuing will be as follows: upon (i) written direction of holders of Regular Certificates [(other than Class X Certificates)] evidencing not less than 25% of the Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of the Certificates) of the Regular Certificates [(other than Class X Certificates)] requesting a vote to replace the Special Servicer with a new Special Servicer, (ii) payment by such holders, as applicable, to the Trustee of the reasonable fees and expenses (including any legal fees and any Rating Agency fees and expenses) to be incurred by the Trustee in connection with administering such vote, and (iii) delivery by such holders, as applicable, to the Trustee of No Downgrade Confirmations (which No Downgrade Confirmations will be obtained at the expense of those holders of Certificates requesting such vote), the Trustee will be required to promptly provide written notice to all Certificateholders of such request by posting such notice on its internet website, and by mail, and conduct the solicitation of votes of all certificates in such regard. Upon the written direction of holders of Regular Certificates [(other than Class X Certificates)] evidencing at least 75% of the aggregate Voting Rights (taking into account the application of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts to notionally reduce the Certificate Balances of the Certificates) of all Regular Certificates [(other than Class X Certificates)] on an aggregate basis, the Trustee will be required to terminate all of the rights and obligations of the Special Servicer under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and appoint the successor Special Servicer designated by such Certificateholders, subject to indemnification, right to outstanding fees, reimbursement of advances and other rights set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement which survive termination.
The appointment of a successor Special Servicer will be subject to a No Downgrade Confirmation.
Additionally, the Special Servicer may be replaced in the event that an Event of Default occurs with respect to such entity as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Rights Upon Event of Default” in this prospectus supplement.
The Special Servicer may resign under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement as described under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement—Certain Matters Regarding the Depositor, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer” in this prospectus supplement.
Servicing Transfer Event. The duties of the Special Servicer relate to Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans and to any REO Property. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will define a “Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan” to include any Mortgage Loan with respect to which: (i) either (x) with respect to any Mortgage Loan other than a
Balloon Loan, a payment default shall have occurred on such Mortgage Loan at its maturity date or, if the maturity date of such Mortgage has been extended in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, a payment default occurs on such Mortgage Loan at its extended maturity date or (y) with respect to a Balloon Loan, a payment default shall have occurred with respect to the related Balloon Payment; provided, however, if (A) the related borrower is diligently seeking a refinancing commitment (and delivers a statement to that effect to the Master Servicer, who shall promptly deliver a copy to the Special Servicer and the Directing Holder (but only prior to the occurrence of any Consultation Termination Event) within 30 days after the default), (B) the related borrower continues to make its Assumed Scheduled Payment, (C) no other Servicing Transfer Event has occurred with respect to that Mortgage Loan and (D) for so long as a Consultation Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Directing Holder consents, a Servicing Transfer Event will not occur until 60 days beyond the related maturity date; and provided, further, if the related borrower has delivered to the Master Servicer, who shall have promptly delivered a copy to the Special Servicer and the Directing Holder (but only prior to the occurrence of any Consultation Termination Event), on or before the 60th day after the related maturity date, a refinancing commitment reasonably acceptable to the Special Servicer, and the borrower continues to make its Assumed Scheduled Payments (and no other Servicing Transfer Event has occurred with respect to that Mortgage Loan), a Servicing Transfer Event will not occur until the earlier of (1) 120 days beyond the related maturity date and (2) the termination of the refinancing commitment; (ii) any Monthly Payment (other than a Balloon Payment) is 60 days or more delinquent; (iii) the date upon which the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer (and, in the case of a determination by the Special Servicer, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Directing Holder) determines that a payment default or any other default under the applicable Mortgage Loan Documents that (with respect to such other default) would materially impair the value of the Mortgaged Property as security for the Mortgage Loan or, if applicable, otherwise would materially adversely affect the interests of Certificateholders and would continue unremedied beyond the applicable grace period under the terms of the Mortgage Loan (or, if no grace period is specified, for 60 days and provided that a default that would give rise to an acceleration right without any grace period will be deemed to have a grace period equal to zero) is imminent and is not likely to be cured by the related borrower within 60 days or, except as provided in clause (i)(y) above, in the case of a Balloon Payment, for at least 30 days, (iv) the date upon which the related borrower has become the subject of a decree or order of a court or agency or supervisory authority having jurisdiction in the premises in an involuntary case under any present or future federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or similar law, or the appointment of a conservator, receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings, or for the winding-up or liquidation of its affairs, provided that if such decree or order has been dismissed, discharged or stayed within 60 days thereafter, the Mortgage Loan will no longer be a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan and no Special Servicing Fees will be payable with respect thereto; (v) the date on which the related borrower consents to the appointment of a conservator or receiver or liquidator in any insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshaling of assets and liabilities or similar proceedings of or relating to such borrower of or relating to all or substantially all of its property; (vi) the date on which the related borrower admits in writing its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, files a petition to take advantage of any applicable insolvency or reorganization statute, makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or voluntarily suspends payment of its obligations; (vii) a default, of which the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer has notice (other than a failure by such related borrower to pay principal or interest) and that in the opinion of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer (in the case of the Special Servicer, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing with the consent of the Directing Holder) materially and adversely affects the interests of the Certificateholders, occurs and remains unremedied for the applicable grace period specified in the Mortgage Loan Documents for such Mortgage Loan (or if no grace period is specified for those defaults which are capable of cure, 60 days); or (viii) the date on which the Master Servicer or Special Servicer receives notice of the foreclosure or proposed foreclosure of any lien on the related Mortgaged Property (each, a “Servicing Transfer Event”); provided, however, that a Mortgage Loan will cease to be a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan (each, a “Corrected Mortgage Loan”) (A) with respect to the circumstances described in clauses (i) and (ii), above, when the borrower thereunder has brought the Mortgage Loan current and thereafter made three consecutive full and timely Monthly Payments, including pursuant to any workout of the Mortgage Loan, (B) with respect to the circumstances described in clause (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) and (viii) above, when such circumstances cease to exist in the good faith judgment of the Special Servicer or (C) with respect to the circumstances described in clause (vii) above, when such default is cured; provided, in each case, that at that time no circumstance exists (as described above) that would cause the Mortgage Loan to continue to be characterized as a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan.
Asset Status Report. The Special Servicer will prepare a report (the “Asset Status Report”) for each Mortgage Loan [and each Loan Combination] that becomes a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan not later than 30 days after the servicing of such Mortgage Loan or such Loan Combination is transferred to the Special Servicer. Each Asset Status Report will be delivered to the Master Servicer, the Directing Holder (but only prior to the occurrence of a Consultation Termination Event), [and in the case of each Loan Combination, the holder of the related Companion Loan]. For so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, if the Directing Holder does not disapprove of an Asset Status Report within 10 business days, the Directing Holder will be deemed to have approved the Asset Status Report and the Special Servicer will implement the recommended action as outlined in such Asset Status Report; provided, however, that the Special Servicer may not take any actions that are contrary to applicable law or the terms of the applicable Mortgage Loan Documents. In addition, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Directing Holder may object to any Asset Status Report within 10 business days of receipt; provided, however, that the Special Servicer will be required to implement the recommended action as outlined in the Asset Status Report if it makes a determination in accordance with the Servicing Standard that the objection is not in the best interests of the Certificateholders [(and with respect to a Loan Combination, the holder of the related Companion Loan, as a collective whole as if such Certificateholders and Companion Loan holders constituted a single lender)]. If, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Directing Holder disapproves such Asset Status Report and the Special Servicer has not made the affirmative determination described above, the Special Servicer will revise such Asset Status Report as soon as practicable thereafter, but in no event later than 30 business days after such disapproval. In any event, for so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, if the Directing Holder does not approve an Asset Status Report within 60 business days from the first submission of an Asset Status Report, the Special Servicer may act upon the most recently submitted form of Asset Status Report in compliance with the Servicing Standard. For so long as a Control Termination Event has not occurred and is not continuing, the Special Servicer will revise such Asset Status Report until the Directing Holder fails to disapprove such revised Asset Status Report as described above or until the Special Servicer makes a determination, consistent with the Servicing Standard, that such objection is not in the best interests of all the Certificateholders [and the holder of the Companion Loan, if applicable]. The Asset Status Report is not intended to replace or satisfy any specific consent or approval right which the Directing Holder may have. [Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Loan Combination, the Directing Holder will be entitled to a comparable Asset Status Report, but the procedure and timing for approval by the Directing Holder of the related Asset Status Report will be governed by the terms of the related co-lender agreement and the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.]
Special Servicing Compensation. Pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, the Special Servicer will be entitled to certain fees including a special servicing fee, payable with respect to each Collection Period, equal to [____]% per annum of the Stated Principal Balance of each related Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan and REO Loan (the “Special Servicing Fee”).
A “Workout Fee” will in general be payable to the Special Servicer with respect to each Mortgage Loan, the Workout Fee will be payable out of, and will be calculated by application of, a “Workout Fee Rate” of [___]% to each collection of interest and principal (including scheduled payments, prepayments, Balloon Payments and payments at maturity) received on such Mortgage Loan for so long as it remains a Corrected Mortgage Loan. The Workout Fee with respect to any such Mortgage Loan will cease to be payable if such loan again becomes a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan or if the related Mortgaged Property becomes an REO Property; provided that a new Workout Fee will become payable if and when such Mortgage Loan again ceases to be a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan. If the Special Servicer is terminated (other than for cause) or resigns with respect to any or all of its servicing duties, it will retain the right to receive any and all Workout Fees payable with respect to the Mortgage Loans that cease to be a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan during the period that it had responsibility for servicing such Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan and that had ceased being a Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan (or for any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan that had not yet become a Corrected Mortgage Loan because as of the time that the Special Servicer is terminated the borrower has not made three consecutive monthly debt service payments and subsequently the Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan becomes a Corrected Mortgage Loan) at the time of such termination or resignation (and the successor Special Servicer will not be entitled to any portion of such Workout Fees), in each case until the Workout Fee for any such loan ceases to be payable in accordance with the preceding sentence.
A “Liquidation Fee” will be payable to the Special Servicer with respect to each Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan or REO Loan or Mortgage Loan repurchased by a Mortgage Loan Seller outside of the applicable cure period, in each case, as to which the Special Servicer obtains a full, partial or discounted payoff from the related borrower or Mortgage Loan Seller, as applicable, and, except as otherwise described below, with respect to any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan or REO Property as to which the Special Servicer recovered any proceeds (“Liquidation Proceeds”). As to each such Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan and REO Property or Mortgage Loan repurchased by a Mortgage Loan Seller outside of the applicable cure period, the Liquidation Fee will be payable from, and will be calculated by application of, a “Liquidation Fee Rate” of [___]% to the related payment or proceeds. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary described above, no Liquidation Fee will be payable based on, or out of, Liquidation Proceeds received in connection with:
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the purchase of any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan or REO Property by the Special Servicer or the Controlling Class Representative,
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the purchase of all of the Mortgage Loans and REO Properties by the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Controlling Class Representative in connection with the termination of the Trust,
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a repurchase of a Mortgage Loan by a Mortgage Loan Seller due to a breach of a representation or warranty or a document defect in the mortgage file prior to the expiration of certain time periods (including any applicable extension thereof) set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement,
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[in the case of a Loan Combination, the purchase of the related Mortgage Loan by the holder of the related Companion Loan pursuant to the related co-lender agreement prior to the expiration of certain time periods set forth in the related co-lender agreement up to 90 days or if such co-lender agreement does not specify a purchase option period, within 90 days following the date that the purchase option first becomes exercisable, as described under “Description of the Mortgage Pool—Split Loan Structures—[______]Loan Combination” in this prospectus supplement,]
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[with respect to a Companion Loan in another securitization, the purchase of such Companion Loan under the applicable securitization agreement,]
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the purchase of a Mortgage Loan by the holder of any related mezzanine debt or subordinate debt unless the related mezzanine documents or intercreditor agreement require the purchaser to pay such fees; and
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a Loss of Value Payment by a Mortgage Loan Seller, if such payment is made prior to the expiration of certain cure periods (including any applicable extension thereof) set forth in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
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If, however, Liquidation Proceeds are received with respect to any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan as to which the Special Servicer is properly entitled to a Workout Fee, such Workout Fee will be payable based on and out of the portion of such Liquidation Proceeds that constitute principal and/or interest. The Special Servicer, however, will only be entitled to receive a Liquidation Fee or a Workout Fee, but not both, with respect to Liquidation Proceeds received on any Mortgage Loan or Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan.
In addition, the Special Servicer will be entitled to receive:
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[100]% of any loan modification fees, extension fees, assumption fees (excluding any assumption application fees), loan service transaction fees, beneficiary statement charges, or similar items related to the Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans,
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any income earned on deposits in the REO Accounts,
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[50%] of any extension fees, modification fees, assumption fees, assumption application fees, loan service transaction fees, beneficiary statement charges, or similar items (but not including Prepayment Premiums or Yield Maintenance Charges) of non-Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans where the consent of the Special Servicer is required, and
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any late payment fees collected by the Master Servicer during a Collection Period on any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan remaining after application thereof during such Collection Period to reimburse interest on Advances with respect to such Mortgage Loan and to reimburse the Trust for certain expenses of the Trust with respect to such Mortgage Loan.
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Master Servicer and Special Servicer Permitted to Buy Certificates
The Master Servicer and the Special Servicer, are permitted to purchase any Class of Certificates. Such a purchase by the Master Servicer or Special Servicer could cause a conflict relating to the Master Servicer’ or Special Servicer’s duties pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the Master Servicer’ or Special Servicer’s interest as a holder of Certificates, especially to the extent that certain actions or events have a disproportionate effect on one or more Classes of Certificates. The Pooling and Servicing Agreement provides that the Master Servicer or Special Servicer will administer the Mortgage Loans in accordance with the Servicing Standard, without regard to ownership of any Certificate by the Master Servicer or Special Servicer or any affiliate thereof.
Reports to Certificateholders; Available Information
On each Distribution Date, the Trustee will be required to make available to each Certificateholder, the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, each Underwriter, each rating agency and, if requested, any potential investors in the Certificates, a statement (a “Distribution Date Statement”) based upon information provided by the Master Servicer and Special Servicer and delivered to the Trustee, in accordance with CRE Finance Council (“CREFC”) guidelines setting forth, among other things:
(a) the amount of the distribution on the Distribution Date to the holders of each class of Certificates in reduction of the Certificate Balance of the Certificates;
(b) the amount of the distribution on the Distribution Date to the holders of each class of Certificates allocable to Interest Accrual Amount and Interest Shortfalls;
(c) the aggregate amount of Advances made in respect of the Distribution Date [(including, to the extent material, the general use of funds advanced and general source of funds for reimbursements)];
(d) the aggregate amount of compensation paid to the Trustee and servicing compensation paid to the Master Servicer[, the Primary Servicer] and the Special Servicer for the related Determination Date and any other fees or expenses accrued and paid from the Trust Fund;
(e) the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the Mortgage Loans and any REO Loans outstanding immediately before and immediately after the Distribution Date;
(f) the number (as of the related and the next preceding Determination Date), and the aggregate principal balance, weighted average remaining term to maturity and weighted average mortgage rate [(and interest rates by distributional groups or ranges)] of the Mortgage Loans as of the related Determination Date;
(g) the number and aggregate principal balance of Mortgage Loans (A) delinquent 30-59 days, (B) delinquent 60-89 days, (C) delinquent 90 days or more and (D) current but specially serviced or in foreclosure but not an REO Property [(and the information described in Item 1100(b)(5) of Regulation AB to the extent material)];
(h) the value of any REO Property included in the Trust Fund as of the related Determination Date, on a loan-by-loan basis, based on the most recent appraisal or valuation;
(i) the Available Funds for the Distribution Date[, and any other cash flows received on the mortgage loans and applied to pay fees and expenses] [(including the components of the Available Funds, or such other cash flows)];
(j) [the amount of the distribution on the Distribution Date to the holders of any class of Certificates allocable to Prepayment Premiums Yield Maintenance Charges;]
(k) the accrued Interest Accrual Amount in respect of each Class of Certificates for such Distribution Date;
(l) the Pass-Through Rate for each class of Certificates for the Distribution Date and the next succeeding Distribution Date;
(m) the Principal Distribution Amount [and any principal shortfall] for the Distribution Date;
(n) the Certificate Balance [or Notional Amount, as the case may be,] of each class of Certificates immediately before and immediately after the Distribution Date, separately identifying any reduction in these amounts as a result of the allocation of any Realized Loss on the Distribution Date;
(o) the fraction, expressed as a decimal carried to at least eight places, the numerator of which is the then related Certificate Balance, and the denominator of which is the related initial aggregate Certificate Balance, for each class of Certificates (other than the Class [__] and Residual Certificates) immediately following the Distribution Date;
(p) the amount of any Appraisal Reduction Amounts effected in connection with the Distribution Date on a loan-by-loan basis, the total Appraisal Reduction Amount effected in connection with the Distribution Date and the total Appraisal Reduction Amounts as of that Distribution Date;
(q) [the number and related principal balances of any Mortgage Loans modified, extended or waived on a loan-by-loan basis since the previous Determination Date (including a description of any material modifications, extensions or waivers to Mortgage Loan terms, fees, penalties or payments during the Collection Period or that have cumulatively become material over time);]
(r) the amount of any remaining unpaid Interest Shortfalls for the class as of the Distribution Date;
(s) a loan-by-loan listing of each Mortgage Loan which was the subject of a principal prepayment since the previous Determination Date and the amount and the type of principal prepayment occurring;
(t) a loan-by-loan listing of any Mortgage Loan which was defeased since the previous Determination Date;
(u) the amount of the distribution on the Distribution Date to the holders of each class of Certificates in reimbursement of Realized Losses;
(v) the aggregate unpaid principal balance of the Mortgage Loans outstanding as of the close of business on the related Determination Date;
(w) with respect to any Mortgage Loan as to which a liquidation occurred since the previous Determination Date (other than a payment in full), (A) the loan number thereof, (B) the aggregate of all Liquidation Proceeds which are included in the Available Funds and other amounts received in connection with the liquidation (separately identifying the portion thereof allocable to distributions on the Certificates), and (C) the amount of any Realized Loss in connection with the liquidation;
(x) with respect to any REO Property included in the Trust as to which the Special Servicer determined, in accordance with the Servicing Standards, that all payments or recoveries with respect to the Mortgaged Property have been ultimately recovered since the previous Determination Date, (A) the loan number of the related Mortgage Loan, (B) the aggregate of all Liquidation Proceeds and other amounts received in connection with that determination (separately identifying the portion thereof allocable to distributions on the Certificates), and (C) the amount of any Realized Loss in respect of the related REO Loan in connection with that determination;
(y) the aggregate amount of interest on P&I Advances paid to the Master Servicer and the Trustee since the prior Distribution Date;
(z) the aggregate amount of interest on Property Advances paid to the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer and the Trustee since the prior Distribution Date;
(aa) the original and then current credit support levels for each class of Certificates;
(bb) the original and then current ratings for each class of Certificates;
(cc) [payments accrued or paid with respect to enhancement or other support identified in Item 1114 of Regulation AB] [amounts drawn on any credit enhancement or other support identified in Item 1114 of Regulation AB and, if applicable, the remaining amount of coverage under such enhancement or support, if known];
(dd) the amount of the distribution on the Distribution Date to the holders of the Class [__] and Residual Certificates;
(ee) [the amount on deposit in each account established pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement before and after giving effect to the distribution made on such Distribution Date (and any material account activity since the prior Distribution Date);]
(ff) the Record Date, Interest Accrual Period, and Determination Date for such Distribution Date;
(gg) [material breaches of mortgage loan representations and warranties of which the Trustee, Master Servicer or the Special Servicer has received written notice;]
(hh) [material breaches of any covenants under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement of which the Trustee, the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer has received written notice;]
(ii) [If applicable to any transaction, information regarding any tests used for determining any early amortization, liquidation or other performance trigger and whether the trigger was met]; and
(jj) such other information and in such form as will be specified in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
In addition, the Trustee may make certain other information and reports (including the collection of reports specified by the CREFC (or any successor organization reasonably acceptable to the Certificate Administrator and the Master Servicer) known as the “CREFC Investor Reporting Package”) related to the mortgage loans available, to the extent that the Trustee receives relevant information and loan-related reports from the Master Servicer, and direction from the Depositor, or is otherwise directed to do so under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. The Trustee will not make any representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of any information provided by it that was based, in whole or in part, on information received from third parties, and may disclaim responsibility for the Trustee’s website. The Trustee may require registration and acceptance of such disclaimer. Neither the Trustee nor the Master Servicer will be liable for the dissemination of information made in accordance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement.
Certain information regarding the Mortgage Loans will be made accessible at the website maintained by the Trustee initially located at www._____ or such other mechanism as the Trustee may have in place from time to time. [In addition, the Trustee will make available on such website any reports on Forms 10-D, 10-K and 8-K that have been filed with respect to the trust through the EDGAR system] [If SEC filings will not be made available on website, provide information regarding reasons why not and whether any transaction party will provide electronic or paper copies of such filings upon request without charge.] After all of the Certificates have been sold by the Underwriters, certain information will be made accessible on the website maintained by the Master Servicer as the Master Servicer may have in place from time to time.
The Master Servicer is required to deliver to the Trustee prior to each Distribution Date, and the Trustee is to make available to any [Privileged Person] certain reports and data files that are part of the CREFC Investor Reporting Package.
Subject to the receipt of necessary information from any subservicer, reports will be made available electronically in the form of the standard CREFC reports; provided, however, the Trustee will provide Certificateholders (at the expense of such Certificateholders) with a written copy of such report upon request. The information that pertains to Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans and REO Properties reflected in such reports shall be based solely upon the reports delivered by the Special Servicer to the Master Servicer no later than two business days prior to the Master Servicer Remittance Date. Absent manifest error, none of the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee will be responsible for the accuracy or completeness of any information supplied to it by a borrower or third party that is included in any reports, statements, materials or information prepared or provided by the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or the Trustee, as applicable.
The Trustee, the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer will be indemnified by the Trust against any loss, liability or expense incurred in connection with any claim or legal action relating to any statement or omission based upon information supplied by a borrower or third party under a Mortgage Loan [or Loan Combination] and reasonably relied upon by such party.
The Master Servicer is also required to deliver to the Trustee the following materials, which CREFC Operation Statement Analysis Report and CREFC NOI Adjustment Worksheet shall be delivered in electronic format and any items relating thereto may be delivered in electronic or paper format:
(a) Annually, on or before [June 30] of each year, commencing with [June 30], 20__, with respect to each Mortgaged Property and REO Property, a “CREFC Operating Statement Analysis Report” together with copies of the related operating statements and rent rolls (but only if the related borrower is required by the Mortgage to deliver, or has otherwise agreed to provide such information) for such Mortgaged Property or REO Property for the preceding calendar year end, if available. The Master Servicer (or the Special Servicer in the case of Specially Serviced Mortgage Loans and REO Properties) is required to use its best reasonable efforts to obtain annual and other periodic operating statements and related rent rolls and promptly update the Operating Statement Analysis Report.
(b) Within 60 days of receipt by the Master Servicer (or within 45 days of receipt by the Special Servicer with respect to any Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan or REO Property) of annual year end operating statements, if any, with respect to any Mortgaged Property or REO Property, a “CREFC NOI Adjustment Worksheet” for such Mortgaged Property (with the annual operating statements attached thereto as an exhibit), presenting the computations made in accordance with the methodology described in the Pooling and Servicing Agreement to “normalize” the full year end net operating income or net cash flow and debt service coverage numbers used by the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer in the other reports referenced above.
The Trustee is to make available a copy of each CREFC Operating Statement Analysis Report and CREFC NOI Adjustment Worksheet that it receives from the Master Servicer upon request to the Depositor, each Underwriter, the Controlling Class Representative, the Certificateholders and the Special Servicer promptly after its receipt thereof. Any potential investor in the Certificates may obtain a copy of any CREFC NOI Adjustment Worksheet for a Mortgaged Property or REO Property in the possession of the Trustee upon request.
In addition, within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar year, the Trustee is required to send to each person who at any time during the calendar year was a Certificateholder of record, a report summarizing on an annual basis (if appropriate) certain items provided to Certificateholders in the monthly Distribution Date Statements and such other information as may be reasonably required to enable such Certificateholders to prepare their federal income tax returns. The Trustee will also make available information regarding the amount of original issue discount accrued on each Class of Certificate held by persons other than holders exempted from the reporting requirements and information regarding the expenses of the Trust.
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will require that the Trustee make available at its offices, during normal business hours, for review by any Certificateholder, the Depositor, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer, any rating agency or any potential investor in the Certificates, originals or copies of, among other things, the following items (except to the extent not permitted by applicable law or under any of the related Mortgage Loan Documents): (i) the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and any amendments thereto, (ii) all Distribution Date Statements made
available to holders of the relevant Class of Offered Certificates since the Closing Date, (iii) all annual officers’ certificates and accountants’ reports delivered by the Master Servicer and the Special Servicer to the Trustee since the Closing Date regarding compliance with the relevant agreements, (iv) the most recent property inspection report prepared by or on behalf of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer with respect to each Mortgaged Property and delivered to the Trustee, (v) the most recent annual (or more frequent, if available) operating statements, rent rolls (to the extent such rent rolls have been made available by the related borrower) and/or lease summaries and retail “sales information,” if any, collected by or on behalf of the Master Servicer or the Special Servicer with respect to each Mortgaged Property and delivered to the Trustee, (vi) any and all modifications, waivers and amendments of the terms of a Mortgage Loan entered into by the Master Servicer and/or the Special Servicer and delivered to the Trustee, and (vii) any and all officers’ certificates and other evidence delivered to or by the Trustee to support the Master Servicer’s, or the Special Servicer’s or the Trustee’s, as the case may be, determination that any Advance, if made, would not be recoverable. Copies of any and all of the foregoing items will be available upon request at the expense of the requesting party from the Trustee to the extent such documents are in the Trustee’s possession.
The Trust will file Distribution Reports on Form 10-D, Annual Reports on Form 10-K and (if applicable) Current Reports on Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) regarding the Certificates, to the extent, and for such time, as it shall be required to do so under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such reports will be filed under the name “_______” [(Commission file no. ___)]. Members of the public may read and copy any materials filed with the Commission at the Commission’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Members of the public may obtain information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. The Commission maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the Commission. The address of that internet site is http://www.sec.gov.
Governing Law; Waiver of Jury Trial; and Consent to Jurisdiction
The Pooling and Servicing Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of New York. Each party to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement waives its respective right to a jury trial for any claim or cause of action based upon or arising out of or related to the agreement. Additionally each party to the agreement consents to the jurisdiction of any New York State and Federal courts sitting in New York City with respect to matters arising out of or related to the agreement.
USE OF PROCEEDS
The net proceeds from the sale of Offered Certificates will be used by the Depositor to pay part of the purchase price of the Mortgage Loans.
CERTAIN FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
The following summary and the discussion in the prospectus under the heading “Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences—Federal Income Tax Consequences for REMIC Certificates” are a general discussion of the anticipated material federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Offered Certificates and constitute the opinion of Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP. The summary below and such discussion in the Prospectus do not purport to address all federal income tax consequences that may be applicable to particular categories of investors, some of which may be subject to special rules. In addition, such summary and such discussion do not address state, local or foreign tax issues with respect to the acquisition, ownership or disposition of the Offered Certificates. The authorities on which such summary and such discussion are based are subject to change or differing interpretations, and any such change or interpretation could apply retroactively. Such summary and such discussion are based on the applicable provisions of the Code, as well as regulations (the “REMIC Regulations”) promulgated by the U.S. Department of the Treasury as of the date hereof. Investors should consult their own tax advisors in determining the federal, state, local or foreign tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Certificates.
Elections will be made to treat designated portions of the Trust and proceeds thereof (such non-excluded portion of the Trust, the “Trust REMICs”), as two separate REMICs within the meaning of Code Section 860D (the “Lower-Tier REMIC,” the “Upper-Tier REMIC,” respectively). The Lower-Tier REMIC will hold the Mortgage Loans proceeds thereof held in the Collection Account and the Interest Reserve Account, the uncertificated regular interest in the Loan REMIC, the Lower-Tier Distribution Account, the Excess Liquidation Proceeds Account and any related REO Property, and will issue several uncertificated classes of regular interests (the “Lower-Tier Regular Interests”) to the Upper-Tier REMIC. The Class [LR] Certificates will represent the sole class of residual interests in the Loan REMIC and the sole class of residual interests in the Lower-Tier REMIC. The Upper-Tier REMIC will hold the Lower-Tier Regular Interests and the Upper-Tier Distribution Account in which distributions on the Lower-Tier Regular Interests will be deposited, and will issue the Class [X-C], Class [X-P], Class [A-1], Class [A-2], Class [A-3], Class [A-4], Class [A-AB], Class [A-5A], Class [A-5B], Class [A-J], Class [B], Class [C], Class [D], Class [E], Class [F], Class [G], Class [H], Class [J], Class [K], Class [L], Class [M], Class [N], Class [O] and Class [P] Certificates (the “Regular Certificates”) as classes of regular interests, and the Class [R] Certificates as the sole class of residual interests in the Upper-Tier REMIC. Qualification as a REMIC requires ongoing compliance with certain conditions. Assuming (i) the making of appropriate elections, (ii) compliance with the Pooling and Servicing Agreement, (iii) compliance with the [____] Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the [____] Pooling and Servicing Agreement and the continuing qualification of the REMICs governed thereby and (iv) compliance with any changes in the law, including any amendments to the Code or applicable temporary or final regulations of the United States Department of the Treasury (“Treasury Regulations”) thereunder, in the opinion of Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP, the Loan REMIC, the Lower-Tier REMIC and the Upper-Tier REMIC will each qualify as a REMIC. References in this discussion to the “REMIC” will, unless the context dictates otherwise, refer to each of the Upper-Tier REMIC, the Lower-Tier REMIC and the Loan REMIC. In addition, the portion of the Trust consisting of (i) the residual interest in the Loan REMIC and related amounts in the Grantor Trust Distribution Account will, in the opinion of Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP, be treated as a grantor trust under subpart E, Part I of subchapter J of the Code, and (i) the Class [LR] Certificates and (ii) the Class [A-1], Class [X-C] and Class [X-P] Certificates, respectively, will represent undivided beneficial interests therein.
The Offered Certificates will be treated as “loans. . . secured by an interest in real property which is. . . residential real property” within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code, for domestic building and loan associations to the extent of the allocable portion of the Mortgage Loans secured by multifamily properties and manufactured housing community properties (other than recreational vehicle resorts). As of the Cut-off Date, Mortgage Loans secured by multifamily properties (excluding mixed-use properties) and manufactured housing community properties represented approximately [__]% of the Mortgage Loans by Initial Outstanding Pool Balance.
The Offered Certificates will be treated as “real estate assets,” within the meaning of Section 856(c)(5)(B) of the Code, for real estate investment trusts and interest thereon will be treated as “interest on mortgages on real property,” within the meaning of Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code, to the extent described in the prospectus under the heading “Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences—Federal Income Tax Consequences for REMIC Certificates—Status of REMIC Certificates.”
The Offered Certificates will be treated as “regular interests” in the Upper-Tier REMIC and therefore generally will be treated as newly originated debt instruments for federal income tax purposes. Beneficial owners of the Offered Certificates will be required to report income on such regular interests in accordance with the accrual method of accounting.
The IRS has issued Treasury Regulations under Sections 1271 to 1275 of the Code generally addressing the treatment of debt instruments issued with original issue discount (the “OID Regulations”). Purchasers of the Offered Certificates should be aware that the OID Regulations and Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code do not adequately address certain issues relevant to, or are not applicable to, prepayable securities such as the Offered Certificates. The OID Regulations in some circumstances permit the holder of a debt instrument to recognize original issue discount under a method that differs from that of the issuer. Accordingly, it is possible that holders of Certificates may be able to select a method for recognizing any original issue discount that differs from that used by the Trustee in preparing reports to Certificateholders and the IRS. Prospective purchasers of Certificates are advised to consult their tax advisors concerning the treatment of any original issue discount with respect to purchased Certificates. See “Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences—Federal Income Tax Consequences for REMIC Certificates—Taxation of Regular Certificates—Original Issue Discount” in the prospectus.
Although unclear for federal income tax purposes, it is anticipated that the Class [X-P] Certificates will be considered to be issued with original issue discount in an amount equal to the excess of all distributions of interest expected to be received on such Class (assuming the Weighted Average Net Mortgage Rate changes in accordance with the initial prepayment assumption in the manner set forth in the prospectus), over its issue price (including accrued interest from [_____________]). Any “negative” amounts of original issue discount on the Class [X-P] Certificates attributable to rapid prepayments with respect to the mortgage loans will not be deductible currently, but may be offset against future positive accruals or original issue discount, if any. Finally, a holder of any Class [X-P] Certificate may be entitled to a loss deduction to the extent it becomes certain that such holder will not recover a portion of its basis in such Certificate, assuming no further prepayments. In the alternative, it is possible that rules similar to the “noncontingent bond method” of the OID Regulations, as defined in the prospectus, may be promulgated with respect to these Certificates.
Whether any holder of any Class of Offered Certificates, other than the Class [X-P] Certificates, will be treated as holding a Certificate with amortizable bond premium will depend on such Certificateholder’s purchase price and the distributions remaining to be made on such Certificate at the time of its acquisition by such Certificateholder. It is anticipated that the Offered Certificates, other than the Class [X-P] Certificates, will be issued at a premium for federal income tax purposes. Holders of each such Class of Certificates should consult their tax advisors regarding the possibility of making an election to amortize such premium. See “Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences—Federal Income Tax Consequences for REMIC Certificates—Taxation of Regular Certificates—Premium” in the prospectus.
For purposes of accruing original issue discount, if any, determining whether such original issue discount is de minimis and amortizing any premium, the Prepayment Assumption will be 0% CPR. See “Yield and Maturity Considerations” in this prospectus supplement. No representation is made as to the rate, if any, at which the Mortgage Loans will prepay.
Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges actually collected on the Mortgage Loans will be distributed to the holders of each Class of Certificates entitled thereto as described herein. It is not entirely clear under the Code when the amount of a Prepayment Premium or a Yield Maintenance Charge should be taxed to the holder of a Class of Certificates entitled to a Prepayment Premium or a Yield Maintenance Charge. For federal income tax reporting purposes, Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges will be treated as income to the holders of a Class of Certificates entitled to Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges only after the Master Servicer’s actual receipt of a Prepayment Premium or a Yield Maintenance Charge as to which such Class of Certificates is entitled under the terms of the Pooling and Servicing Agreement. It appears that Prepayment Premiums and Yield Maintenance Charges are to be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain.
For a discussion of the tax consequences of the acquisition ownership and disposition of Offered Certificates by any person who is not a citizen or resident of the United States, a corporation or partnership or other entity created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia or is a foreign estate or trust, see “Certain Federal Income Tax Consequences—Federal Income Tax Consequences for REMIC Certificates—Taxation of Certain Foreign Investors—Regular Certificates” in the prospectus.
[Taxation of the Exchangeable Certificates]
[For federal income tax purposes, the holders of the Exchangeable Certificates will be taxed as if they directly owned a proportionate interest in the REMIC Regular Certificates underlying their Exchangeable Certificates.
No gain or loss will be realized upon depositing REMIC Regular Certificates in return for Exchangeable Certificates that represent such REMIC Regular Certificates or upon withdrawing REMIC Regular Certificates in return for Exchangeable Certificates that represent such REMIC Regular Certificates. Similarly, neither depositing nor withdrawing REMIC Regular Certificates in return for such REMIC Regular Certificates will, by itself, change the basis allocated to such REMIC Regular Certificates.
Purchasers of Exchangeable Certificates are encouraged to consider carefully the tax consequences of an investment in the Exchangeable Certificates that are discussed in the accompanying prospectus and consult their tax advisors with respect to those consequences. See “Federal Income Tax Consequences—Taxation of Classes of Exchangeable Certificates” in the accompanying prospectus.]
ERISA CONSIDERATIONS
The purchase by or transfer to an employee benefit plan or other retirement arrangement, including an individual retirement account or a Keogh plan, which is subject to Title I of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”) or Section 4975 of the Code, or a governmental plan (as defined in Section 3(32) of ERISA) that is subject to any federal, state or local law (“Similar Law”) which is, to a material extent, similar to the foregoing provisions of ERISA or the Code (each, a “Plan”), or a collective investment fund in which such Plans are invested, an insurance company using the assets of separate accounts or general accounts which include assets of Plans (or which are deemed pursuant to ERISA or any Similar Law to include assets of Plans) or other Persons acting on behalf of any such Plan or using the assets of any such Plan to acquire the Offered Certificates may constitute or give rise to a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Code or Similar Law. There are certain exemptions issued by the United States Department of Labor (the “Department”) that may be applicable to an investment by a Plan in the Offered Certificates. The Department has granted an administrative exemption to [_____________] as Department Final Authorization Number [_________], as amended by Prohibited Transaction Exemption (“PTE”) 2007-05 (the “Exemption”), for certain mortgage-backed and asset-backed certificates underwritten in whole or in part by the Underwriters. The Exemption might be applicable to the initial purchase, the holding, and the subsequent resale by a Plan of certain certificates, such as the Offered Certificates, underwritten by the lead manager, representing interests in pass-through trusts that consist of certain receivables, loans and other obligations, provided that the conditions and requirements of the Exemption are satisfied. The loans described in the Exemption include mortgage loans such as the Mortgage Loans. However, it should be noted that in issuing the Exemption, the Department may not have considered interests in pools of the exact nature as some of the Offered Certificates.
Among the conditions that must be satisfied for the Exemption to apply to the acquisition, holding and resale of the Offered Certificates are the following:
(1) The acquisition of Offered Certificates by a Plan is on terms (including the price for the Certificates) that are at least as favorable to the Plan as they would be in an arm’s length transaction with an unrelated party;
(2) The Offered Certificates acquired by the Plan have received a rating at the time of such acquisition that is one of the four highest generic rating categories from any of S&P, Moody’s, Fitch, DBRS Limited or DBRS, Inc.;
(3) The Trustee must not be an affiliate of any other member of the Restricted Group (as defined below) other than an Underwriter;
(4) The sum of all payments made to and retained by the Underwriters in connection with the distribution of Offered Certificates represents not more than reasonable compensation for underwriting the Certificates. The sum of all payments made to and retained by the Depositor pursuant to the assignment of the Mortgage Loans to the Trust represents not more than the fair market value of such Mortgage Loans. The sum of all payments made to and retained by the Master Servicer and any other servicer represents not more than reasonable compensation for such person’s services under the Pooling and Servicing Agreement and reimbursement of such person’s reasonable expenses in connection therewith; and
(5) The Plan investing in the Certificates is an “accredited investor” as defined in Rule 501(a)(1) of Regulation D of the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933.
The Trust must also meet the following requirements:
(i) the corpus of the Trust must consist solely of assets of the type that have been included in other investment pools;
(ii) certificates in such other investment pools must have been rated in one of the four highest rating categories of S&P, Moody’s, Fitch, DBRS Limited or DBRS, Inc. for at least one year prior to the Plan’s acquisition of the Offered Certificates pursuant to the Exemption; and
(iii) certificates evidencing interests in such other investment pools must have been purchased by investors other than Plans for at least one year prior to any Plan’s acquisition of the Offered Certificates pursuant to the Exemption.
If all of the conditions of the Exemption are met, then whether or not a Plan’s assets would be deemed to include an ownership interest in the Mortgage Loans in the Mortgage Pool, the acquisition, holding and resale by Plans of the Offered Certificates with respect to which the conditions were met would be exempt from the prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and the Code to the extent indicated in the Exemption.
Moreover, the Exemption can provide relief from certain self-dealing/conflict of interest prohibited transactions that may occur if a Plan fiduciary causes a Plan to acquire certificates in a trust holding receivables, loans or obligations on which the fiduciary (or its affiliate) is an obligor, provided that, among other requirements, (a) in the case of an acquisition in connection with the initial issuance of certificates, at least fifty percent of each class of certificates in which Plans have invested is acquired by persons independent of the Restricted Group (as defined below) and at least fifty percent of the aggregate interest in the Trust is acquired by persons independent of the Restricted Group (as defined below); (b) such fiduciary (or its affiliate) is an obligor with respect to five percent or less of the fair market value of the obligations contained in the Trust; (c) the Plan’s investment in certificates of any class does not exceed twenty-five percent of all of the certificates of that class outstanding at the time of the acquisitions; and (d) immediately after the acquisition no more than twenty-five percent of the assets of the Plan with respect to which such person is a fiduciary are invested in certificates representing an interest in one or more trusts containing assets sold or serviced by the same entity.
The Exemption does not apply to the purchasing or holding of Offered Certificates by Plans sponsored by the Depositor, any Underwriter, the Trustee, the Master Servicer, any obligor with respect to Mortgage Loans included in the Trust constituting more than five percent of the aggregate unamortized principal balance of the assets in the Trust, any party considered a “sponsor” within the meaning of the Exemption, or any affiliate of such parties (the “Restricted Group”).
The lead manager believes that the conditions to the applicability of the Exemption will generally be met with respect to the Offered Certificates, other than possibly those conditions which are dependent on facts unknown to the lead manager or which it cannot control, such as those relating to the circumstances of the Plan purchaser or the Plan fiduciary making the decision to purchase any such Certificates. However, before purchasing an Offered Certificate, a fiduciary of a Plan should make its own determination as to the availability of the exemptive relief provided by the Exemption or the availability of any other prohibited transaction exemptions or similar exemption under Similar Law, and whether the conditions of any such exemption will be applicable to such purchase. As noted above, the Department, in granting the Exemption, may not have considered interests in pools of the exact nature as the Offered Certificates. A fiduciary of a Plan that is a governmental plan should make its own determination as to the need for and the availability of any exemptive relief under any Similar Law.
Any fiduciary of a Plan considering whether to purchase an Offered Certificate should also carefully review with its own legal advisors the applicability of the fiduciary duty and prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and the Code to such investment. See “Certain ERISA Considerations” in the prospectus.
The sale of Offered Certificates to a Plan is in no respect a representation by the Depositor or the Underwriters that this investment meets all relevant legal requirements with respect to investments by Plans generally or any particular Plan, or that this investment is appropriate for Plans generally or any particular Plan.
LEGAL INVESTMENT
No class of the Offered Certificates will constitute “mortgage related securities” for purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended (“SMMEA”). The appropriate characterization of the
Offered Certificates under various legal investment restrictions, and thus the ability of investors subject to these restrictions to purchase the Offered Certificates, are subject to significant interpretive uncertainties.
Except as regards to their status under SMMEA, no representations are made as to the proper characterization of the Offered Certificates for legal investment, financial institution regulatory, or other purposes, or as to the ability of particular investors to purchase the Offered Certificates under applicable legal investment restrictions. Further, any ratings downgrade of any class of Offered Certificates by an NRSRO to less than an “investment grade” rating (i.e., lower than the top four rating categories) may adversely affect the ability of an investor to purchase or retain, or otherwise impact the regulatory characteristics of, that class. The uncertainties described above (and any unfavorable future determinations concerning the legal investment or financial institution regulatory characteristics of the Offered Certificates) may adversely affect the liquidity and market value of the Offered Certificates. Accordingly, all investors whose investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital requirements or review by regulatory authorities should consult with their own legal advisors in determining whether and to what extent the Offered Certificates will constitute legal investments for them or are subject to investment, capital or other regulatory restrictions.
See “Legal Investment” in the prospectus.
METHOD OF DISTRIBUTION
Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in an Underwriting Agreement, dated [_____________] (the “Underwriting Agreement”), between [Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.] [and] [____], (collectively, the “Underwriters”) have agreed to purchase and the Depositor has agreed to sell to the Underwriters the Offered Certificates. It is expected that delivery of the Offered Certificates will be made only in book-entry form through the Same Day Funds Settlement System of DTC on or about [____], against payment therefor in immediately available funds.
[Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. is an affiliate of German American Capital Corporation, [one of] the sponsor[s], and of the depositor.] [Set forth any other affiliations between an underwriter and other transaction parties.]
In the Underwriting Agreement, the Underwriters have agreed, subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, to purchase the Certificate Balances or Notional Balance, as applicable, of each class of Offered Certificates set forth below, subject in each case to a variance of 5%:
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Class [A-1]
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Class [A-2]
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Class [A-3]
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Class [A-4]
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Class [A-AB]
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Class [A-5A]
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|
|
|
Class [A-5B]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [X-P]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [A-J]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [B]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [C]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [D]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class [PEZ]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Underwriting Agreement provides that the obligation of each Underwriter to pay for and accept delivery of its Offered Certificates is subject to, among other things, the receipt of certain legal opinions and to the conditions, among others, that no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Depositor’s Registration Statement shall be in effect, and that no proceedings for such purpose shall be pending before or threatened by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The distribution of the Offered Certificates by the Underwriters may be effected from time to time in one or more negotiated transactions, or otherwise, at varying prices to be determined at the time of sale. Proceeds to the Depositor from the sale of the Offered Certificates, before deducting expenses payable by the Depositor, will be
approximately [____]% of the aggregate Certificate Balance of the Offered Certificates, plus accrued interest. Each Underwriter may effect such transactions by selling its Offered Certificates to or through dealers, and such dealers may receive compensation in the form of underwriting discounts, concessions or commissions from the Underwriter for whom they act as agent. In connection with the sale of the Offered Certificates, each Underwriter may be deemed to have received compensation from the Depositor in the form of underwriting compensation. Each Underwriter and any dealers that participate with such Underwriter in the distribution of the Offered Certificates may be deemed to be underwriters and any profit on the resale of the Offered Certificates positioned by them may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
The Underwriting Agreement or a separate indemnification agreement provides that the Depositor and the Mortgage Loan Sellers will indemnify the Underwriters against certain civil liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or contribute to payments to be made in respect thereof.
There can be no assurance that a secondary market for the Offered Certificates will develop or, if it does develop, that it will continue. The primary source of ongoing information available to investors concerning the Offered Certificates will be the reports distributed by the Trustee discussed in this prospectus supplement under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement-Reports to Certificateholders; Available Information.” Except as described in this prospectus supplement under “The Pooling and Servicing Agreement-Reports to Certificateholders; Available Information,” there can be no assurance that any additional information regarding the Offered Certificates will be available through any other source. In addition, the Depositor is not aware of any source through which price information about the Offered Certificates will be generally available on an ongoing basis. The limited nature of such information regarding the Offered Certificates may adversely affect the liquidity of the Offered Certificates, even if a secondary market for the Offered Certificates becomes available.
LEGAL MATTERS
The validity of the Offered Certificates and the material federal income tax consequences of investing in the Offered Certificates will be passed upon for the Depositor by [Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP, New York, New York]. Certain legal matters with respect to the Offered Certificates will be passed upon for the Underwriters by [Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP, New York, New York].
RATINGS
It is a condition to the issuance of the Offered Certificates that each Class of the Offered Certificates will receive investment grade credit ratings from two NRSROs engaged by the Depositor to rate the Offered Certificates (together, the “Rating Agencies”):
Each of the Rating Agencies will perform ratings surveillance with respect to its ratings for so long as the Offered Certificates remain outstanding. Fees for such ratings surveillance will be prepaid by the Depositor.
We are not obligated to maintain any particular rating with respect to any class of Offered Certificates. Changes affecting the Mortgaged Properties, the Sponsors, the Trustee, the Certificate Administrator, the Master Servicer, the Special Servicer or another person may have an adverse effect on the ratings of the Offered Certificates, and thus on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the Offered Certificates, although such adverse changes would not necessarily be an event of default under the applicable Mortgage Loan.
A securities rating on mortgage pass-through certificates addresses credit risk and the likelihood of full and timely payment to the applicable certificateholders of all distributions of interest at the applicable pass-through rate on the certificates in question on each distribution date and, except in the case of interest-only certificates, the ultimate payment in full of the certificate balance of each class of certificates in question on a date that is not later than the rated final distribution date with respect to such class of certificates. A rating takes into consideration, among other things, the credit quality of the related pool of mortgage loans, structural and legal aspects associated with the certificates in question, and the extent to which the payment stream from the related pool of mortgage loans is adequate to make payments required under the certificates in question. A securities rating on mortgage pass-through certificates does not, however, represent an assessment of the likelihood, timing or frequency of principal prepayments (whether voluntary or involuntary) on the related mortgage loans, the degree to which such
payments might differ from those originally anticipated or the extent to which the related certificateholders might experience any net prepayment interest shortfalls. The security ratings do not address the possibility that certificateholders might suffer a lower than anticipated yield. In addition, ratings on mortgage pass-through certificates do not address the likelihood, timing or frequency of the receipt of prepayment premiums or default interest. In general, the ratings address credit risk and not prepayment risk.
In addition, a security rating does not represent any assessment of the yield to maturity that investors may experience or whether investors might not fully recover their initial investment in the event of delinquencies or rapid prepayments of the related mortgage loans (including both voluntary and involuntary prepayments) or the application of any realized losses. In the event that the holders of such certificates do not fully recover their investment as a result of rapid principal prepayments on the Mortgage Loans, all amounts “due” to such holders will nevertheless have been paid, and such result is consistent with the securities ratings assigned to such certificates. The Notional Balance of the Class [X-A] Certificates may be reduced by the allocation of realized losses and prepayments, whether voluntary or involuntary. The securities ratings do not address the timing or magnitude of reductions of such Notional Balance, but only the obligation to distribute interest timely on each such Notional Balance as so reduced from time to time. Therefore, the securities ratings of the Class [X-A] Certificates should be evaluated independently from similar ratings on other types of securities.
As part of the process of obtaining ratings for the Offered Certificates, the Depositor had initial discussions with and submitted certain materials to certain NRSROs. Based on preliminary feedback from those NRSROs at that time, the Depositor selected the Rating Agencies to rate the Offered Certificates and did not select the other NRSROs due, in part, to those NRSROs’ initial subordination levels for the various classes of Offered Certificates. Had the Depositor selected such other NRSROs to rate the Offered Certificates, we cannot assure you as to the ratings that such other NRSROs would ultimately have assigned to the Offered Certificates. Although unsolicited ratings may be issued by any NRSRO, an NRSRO might be more likely to issue an unsolicited rating if it was not selected after having provided preliminary feedback to the Depositor.
Furthermore, the SEC may determine that either or both of the Rating Agencies no longer qualifies as an NRSRO, or is no longer qualified to rate the Offered Certificates, and that determination may have an adverse effect on the liquidity, market value and regulatory characteristics of the Offered Certificates. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to the Offered Certificates—Ratings of the Offered Certificates” in this prospectus supplement.
With respect to each Mortgage Loan, certain actions provided for in the related loan agreement require, as a condition to taking such action, that a No Downgrade Confirmation be obtained from each applicable rating agency. In certain circumstances, this condition may be deemed to have been met or waived without such a No Downgrade Confirmation being obtained. See the definition of “No Downgrade Confirmation” in this prospectus supplement. In the event such an action is taken without a No Downgrade Confirmation being obtained, we cannot assure you that the applicable Rating Agency will not downgrade, qualify or withdraw its ratings as a result of the taking of such action. If you invest in the Offered Certificates, pursuant to the Pooling and Servicing Agreement your acceptance of Certificates will constitute an acknowledgment of, and agreement with, the procedures relating to No Downgrade Confirmations described under the definition of “No Downgrade Confirmation” in this prospectus supplement.
Any rating of the Offered Certificates should be evaluated independently from similar ratings on other types of securities. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning Rating Agency.
LEGAL ASPECTS OF MORTGAGE LOANS IN [STATE][COUNTRY]
The following discussion summarizes certain legal aspects of mortgage loans secured by real property in [____] (representing approximately [____]% of the Initial Outstanding Pool Balance) which are general in nature. [Identify states, geographic regions relating to 10% or more of the Mortgage Loans by principal balance and describe unique legal aspects, to the extent material.][Identify any foreign countries in which Mortgaged Properties are located and describe unique legal aspects in compliance with 1100(e) of Regulation AB.] This summary does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the applicable federal and state laws governing the Mortgage Loans.
INDEX OF DEFINED TERMS
[_____]
|
97
|
[_____] Loan
|
106
|
[_____] Loan Combination
|
106
|
[______] B Loan
|
106
|
Acceptable Insurance Default
|
66
|
Advance Rate
|
176
|
Advances
|
175
|
Allocated Loan Amount
|
114
|
Annual Debt Service
|
107
|
Appraisal Reduction Amount
|
128, 145
|
Appraisal Reduction Event
|
145
|
Appraised Value
|
107
|
Appraised-Out Class
|
147
|
Asset Status Report
|
202
|
Assumed Final Distribution Date
|
141
|
Assumed Scheduled Payment
|
130
|
Authenticating Agent
|
99
|
Available Funds
|
126
|
B Loan
|
101
|
Balloon Balance
|
107
|
Bankruptcy Code
|
92
|
Base Interest Fraction
|
139
|
B-Piece Buyer
|
75
|
CBE
|
159
|
Certificate Administrator
|
97
|
Certificate Balance
|
119
|
Certificate Owners
|
150
|
Certificate Registrar
|
148
|
Certificateholder
|
148
|
Certificates
|
119
|
Class
|
119
|
Class A Certificates
|
145
|
Clearstream
|
37, 148
|
Clearstream Participants
|
149
|
CMBS
|
86
|
Collection Account
|
178
|
Collection Period
|
127
|
Commission
|
208
|
Companion Loan
|
101
|
Consultation Termination Event
|
168
|
Control Eligible Certificates
|
168
|
Control Termination Event
|
168
|
Controlling Class
|
167
|
Controlling Class Certificateholder
|
167
|
Controlling Class Purchase Option
|
194
|
Controlling Class Representative
|
167
|
Corrected Mortgage Loan
|
201
|
CPR
|
153
|
CREFC
|
204
|
CREFC Investor Reporting Package
|
206
|
Crossover Date
|
138
|
Current LTV
|
107
|
Custodian
|
97, 184
|
Cut-off Date Balance
|
101
|
Cut-off Date Loan-to-Value Ratio
|
107
|
Cut-off Date LTV
|
107
|
Cut-off Date LTV Ratio
|
107
|
DBBM
|
86
|
DBMS
|
86
|
Debt Service Coverage Ratio
|
109
|
Default Interest
|
128
|
Default Rate
|
128
|
Defaulted Mortgage Loan
|
193
|
Defeasance
|
115
|
Defeasance Collateral
|
115
|
Defeasance Loans
|
114
|
Defeasance Lock-Out Period
|
113
|
Defeasance Option
|
115
|
Defeasance Period
|
114
|
Definitive Certificate
|
147
|
Department
|
211
|
Depositaries
|
148
|
Depositor
|
101
|
Determination Date
|
128
|
Directing Holder
|
167
|
Distribution Account
|
178
|
Distribution Date
|
125
|
Distribution Date Statement
|
204
|
DMARC
|
86
|
DSCR
|
109
|
DTC
|
36
|
Due Date
|
129
|
Eligible Operating Advisor
|
173
|
ERISA
|
211
|
Euroclear
|
37
|
Euroclear Participants
|
150
|
Excess Liquidation Proceeds
|
196
|
Exchangeable Certificates
|
123
|
Exchangeable Certificates Distribution Account
|
123
|
Exemption
|
211
|
Final Asset Status Report
|
171
|
Fiscal Agent
|
99
|
Form 8-K
|
119
|
FPO Persons
|
2
|
FSMA
|
2
|
GAAP
|
107
|
GACC
|
85
|
GACC Data Tape
|
87
|
GACC Deal Team
|
87
|
GLA
|
107
|
Holders
|
150
|
HUD
|
51
|
Indirect Participants
|
149
|
Initial Outstanding Pool Balance
|
101
|
Interest Accrual Amount
|
128
|
Interest Accrual Period
|
128
|
Interest Rate
|
107
|
Interest Reserve Account
|
178
|
Interest Shortfall
|
128
|
Interested Person
|
195
|
Liquidation Fee
|
203
|
Liquidation Fee Rate
|
203
|
Liquidation Proceeds
|
203
|
Loan Combination
|
101
|
Loan-to-Value Ratio
|
107
|
Lock-Out Period
|
113
|
Loss of Value Payment
|
186
|
Lower-Tier Regular Interests
|
209
|
Lower-Tier REMIC,
|
209
|
LTV
|
107
|
LTV Ratio at Maturity
|
107
|
MAI
|
105
|
Master Servicer
|
93
|
Master Servicer Prepayment Interest Shortfall
|
144
|
Master Servicer Remittance Date
|
174
|
Master Servicing Fee
|
199
|
Master Servicing Fee Rate
|
199
|
MERS
|
73
|
Modeling Assumptions
|
154
|
Modified Mortgage Loan
|
147
|
Monthly Payment
|
127
|
Moody’s
|
179
|
Mortgage
|
101
|
Mortgage Loan
|
101
|
Mortgage Loan Documents
|
184
|
Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreement
|
103
|
Mortgage Loan Purchase Agreements
|
184
|
Mortgage Loans
|
101
|
Mortgage Pool
|
101
|
Mortgage Rate
|
107, 129
|
Mortgaged Properties
|
101
|
Mortgaged Property
|
101
|
Net Default Interest
|
128
|
Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate
|
129
|
Net Operating Income
|
108
|
Net Prepayment Interest Excess
|
144
|
Net Prepayment Interest Shortfall
|
144
|
Net REO Proceeds
|
127
|
No Downgrade Confirmation
|
193
|
NOI
|
108
|
Nonrecoverable Advance
|
176
|
Note
|
101
|
Notional Balance
|
120
|
NRA
|
107
|
Occupancy Rate
|
107
|
Offered Certificates
|
119
|
OID Regulations
|
209
|
Operating Advisor
|
100
|
Operating Advisor Consulting Fee
|
174
|
Operating Advisor Fee
|
174
|
Operating Advisor Fee Rate
|
174
|
Operating Advisor Standard
|
171
|
Operating Advisor Termination Event
|
172
|
P&I Advance
|
174
|
Pads
|
108
|
Participants
|
148
|
Pass-Through Rate
|
128
|
Paying Agent
|
99
|
PCIS Persons
|
3
|
Percentage Interest
|
126
|
Plan
|
211
|
Planned Principal Balance
|
139
|
Pooling and Servicing Agreement
|
164
|
Prepayment Interest Excess
|
144
|
Prepayment Interest Shortfall
|
143
|
Prepayment Premium
|
114
|
Prime Rate
|
176
|
Principal Balance Certificate
|
119
|
Principal Balance Certificates
|
119
|
Principal Distribution Amount
|
129
|
Principal Prepayments
|
127
|
Private Certificates
|
119
|
Privileged Information
|
171
|
Privileged Information Exception
|
171
|
Property Advances
|
175
|
Prospectus Directive
|
3
|
PTE
|
34, 211
|
Qualified Affiliate
|
188
|
Qualifying Substitute Mortgage Loan
|
186
|
Rated Final Distribution Date
|
142
|
Rating Agencies
|
214
|
REA
|
53
|
Realized Loss
|
142
|
Record Date
|
125
|
Regular Certificates
|
209
|
Related Proceeds
|
176
|
Release Date
|
115
|
Relevant Implementation Date
|
3
|
Relevant Member State
|
3
|
Relevant Persons
|
3
|
REMIC
|
209
|
REMIC Regulations
|
208
|
Removed Mortgage Loan
|
185
|
REO Account
|
119
|
REO Loan
|
130
|
REO Property
|
119
|
REO Tax
|
196
|
Replacement Mortgage Loan
|
185
|
Repurchase Price
|
185
|
Requesting Holders
|
147
|
Requesting Party
|
192
|
Reserve Accounts
|
102
|
Restricted Group
|
212
|
Restricted Party
|
171
|
Rooms
|
108
|
Rules
|
149
|
Servicer Termination Events
|
188
|
Servicing Compensation
|
199
|
Servicing Fee Rate
|
107
|
Servicing Standard
|
165
|
Servicing Transfer Event
|
201
|
Similar Law
|
211
|
Single-Tenant Mortgage Loan
|
118
|
Small Loan Appraisal Estimate
|
146
|
SMMEA
|
212
|
Special Servicer
|
94
|
Special Servicing Fee
|
202
|
Specially Serviced Mortgage Loan
|
200
|
Sq. Ft.
|
108
|
Square Feet
|
108
|
Stated Principal Balance
|
143
|
Subordinate Certificates
|
144
|
Term to Maturity
|
108
|
Terms and Conditions
|
150
|
TIA
|
191
|
TIA Applicability Determination
|
191
|
Treasury Regulations
|
209
|
TRIPRA
|
66
|
Trust
|
91, 101
|
Trust Fund
|
101
|
Trust REMICs
|
209
|
Trustee
|
95
|
Trustee Fee
|
95
|
Trustee/Certificate Administrator Fee
|
99
|
Trustee/Certificate Administrator Fee Rate
|
99
|
Underwriters
|
213
|
Underwriting Agreement
|
213
|
Underwritten NCF
|
108
|
Underwritten NCF DSCR
|
109
|
Underwritten Net Cash Flow
|
108
|
Units
|
108
|
Unliquidated Advance
|
178
|
Unscheduled Payments
|
127
|
Updated Appraisal
|
146
|
UW NCF
|
108
|
UW NCF DSCR
|
109
|
UW Revenue
|
109
|
Voting Rights
|
193
|
Weighted Average Net Mortgage Pass-Through Rate
|
129
|
Withheld Amounts
|
178
|
Workout Fee
|
202
|
Workout Fee Rate
|
202
|
Workout-Delayed Reimbursement Amount
|
177
|
Yield Maintenance Charge
|
114
|
Yield Maintenance Loans
|
114
|
Yield Maintenance Lock-Out Period
|
113
|
Yield Maintenance Period
|
114
|