Long-Term Debt

Long-Term debt is summarized as follows:



	December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Principal amount of 4.50% exchangeable senior notes due 2023	$	143,750		$	143,750
Less: debt discount and issuance costs, net	(22,064		)	(28,059		)
Net carrying amount of liability component	121,686			115,691
Other debt	—			149
Subtotal	121,686			115,840
Less: current maturities	—			(106		)
Long-term debt	$	121,686		$	115,734

Equity component:
Equity component of exchangeable notes, net of issuance costs	$	(26,699	)	$	(26,699	)

Issuance of Debt Securities

On February 16, 2018, Avadel Finance Cayman Limited, a Cayman Islands exempted company (the “Issuer”) and an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, issued $125,000 aggregate principal amount of 4.50% exchangeable senior notes due 2023 (the “2023 Notes”) in a private placement (the “Offering”) to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. In connection with the Offering, the Issuer granted the initial purchasers of the 2023 Notes a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional $18,750 aggregate principal amount of the 2023 Notes, which was fully exercised on February 16, 2018. Net proceeds received by the Company, after issuance costs and discounts, were approximately $137,560.

The Company pays 4.50% cash interest per year on the principal amount of the 2023 Notes, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1, 2018, to holders of record at the close of business on the preceding January 15 or July 15, respectively. Interest accrues on the principal amount of the 2023 Notes from and including the date the 2023 Notes were issued or from, and including, the last date in respect of which interest has been paid or provided for, as the case may be, to, but excluding, the next interest payment date. The 2023 Notes are general, unsecured obligations of the Issuer, and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Company on a senior unsecured basis. There are no financial debt covenants associated with the 2023 Notes.

The 2023 Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of the Company’s existing and future senior unsecured indebtedness and effectively junior to any of the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness.

The 2023 Notes will be exchangeable at the option of the holders at an initial exchange rate of 92.6956 ADSs per $1 principal amount of 2023 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial exchange price of approximately $10.79 per ADS. Such initial exchange price represents a premium of approximately 20% to the $8.99 per ADS closing price on The Nasdaq Global Market on February 13, 2018. Upon the exchange of any 2023 Notes, the Issuer will pay or cause to be delivered, as the case may be, cash, ADSs or a combination of cash and ADSs, at the Issuer’s election. Holders of the 2023 Notes may convert their 2023 Notes, at their option, only under the following circumstances prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2022, under the circumstances and during the periods set forth below and regardless of the conditions described below, on or after August 1, 2022 and prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date:

•

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2022, a holder of the 2023 Notes may surrender all or any portion of its 2023 Notes for exchange at any time during the five business day period immediately after any five consecutive trading day period (the “Measurement Period”) in which the trading price per $1 principal amount of 2023 Notes, as determined following a request by a holder of the 2023 Notes, for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the ADSs and the exchange rate on each such trading day.

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If a transaction or event that constitutes a fundamental change or a make-whole fundamental change occurs prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2022, regardless of whether a holder of the 2023 Notes has the right to require the Company to repurchase the 2023 Notes, or if Avadel is a party to a merger event that occurs prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2022, all or any portion of a the holder’s 2023 Notes may be surrendered for exchange at any time from or after the date that is 95 scheduled trading days prior to the anticipated effective date of the transaction (or, if later, the earlier of (x) the business day after the Company gives notice of such transaction and (y) the actual effective date of such transaction) until 35 trading days after the actual effective date of such transaction or, if such transaction also constitutes a fundamental change, until the related fundamental change repurchase date.

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Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2022, a holder of the 2023 Notes may surrender all or any portion of its 2023 Notes for exchange at any time during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2018 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the ADSs for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the exchange price on each applicable trading day.

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If the Company calls the 2023 Notes for redemption pursuant to Article 16 to the Indenture prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding August 1, 2022, then a holder of the 2023 Notes may surrender all or any portion of its 2023 Notes for exchange at any time prior to the close of business on the second business day prior to the redemption date, even if the 2023 Notes are not otherwise exchangeable at such time. After that time, the right to exchange shall expire, unless the Company defaults in the payment of the redemption price, in which case a holder of the 2023 Notes may exchange its 2023 Notes until the redemption price has been paid or duly provided for.

We considered the guidance in ASC 815-15, Embedded Derivatives, to determine if this instrument contains an embedded feature that should be separately accounted for as a derivative. ASC 815 provides for an exception to this rule when convertible notes, as host instruments, are deemed to be conventional, as defined by ASC 815-40. We determined that this exception applies due, in part, to our ability to settle the 2023 Notes in cash, ADSs or a combination of cash and ADSs, at our option. We have therefore applied the guidance provided by ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options which requires that the 2023 Notes be separated into debt and equity components at issuance and a value be assigned to each. The carrying amount of the liability component was calculated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature. The allocation was performed in a manner that reflected our non-convertible debt borrowing rate for similar debt. The equity component of the 2023 Notes was recognized as a debt discount and represents the difference between the proceeds from the issuance of the 2023 Notes and the fair value of the liability of the 2023 Notes on its issuance date. The excess of the principal amount of the liability component over its carrying amount (the “Debt Discount”) is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the 2023 Notes. The equity component is not remeasured as long as it continues to meet the conditions for equity classification.

In connection with the issuance of the 2023 Notes, we incurred approximately $6,190 of debt issuance costs, which primarily consisted of underwriting, legal and other professional fees, and allocated these costs to the liability and equity components based on the allocation of the proceeds. Of the total $6,190 of debt issuance costs, $1,201 were allocated to the equity component and recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital and $4,989 were allocated to the liability component and recorded as a reduction to debt on our consolidated balance sheets. The portion allocated to the liability component is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the same five-year term as the related 2023 Notes.