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Accounts Receivable Securitization Programs
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2017
Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]  
Accounts Receivable Securitization Programs
Accounts Receivable Securitization Programs
U.S. Accounts Receivable Securitization Program
We and a group of our U.S. operating subsidiaries maintain an accounts receivable securitization program under which they sell eligible U.S. accounts receivable to an indirectly wholly-owned subsidiary that was formed for the sole purpose of entering into this program. The wholly-owned subsidiary in turn may sell an undivided fractional ownership interest in these receivables with two banks and issuers of commercial paper administered by these banks. The wholly-owned subsidiary retains the receivables it purchases from the operating subsidiaries. Any transfers of fractional ownership interests of receivables under the U.S. receivables securitization program to the two banks and issuers of commercial paper administered by these banks are considered secured borrowings with pledge of collateral and will be classified as short-term borrowings on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. These banks do not have any recourse against the general credit of the Company. The net trade receivables that served as collateral for these borrowings are reclassified from trade receivables, net to prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
As of June 30, 2017, the maximum purchase limit for receivable interests was $90.0 million, subject to the availability limits described below.
The amounts available from time to time under this program may be less than $90.0 million due to a number of factors, including but not limited to our credit ratings, trade receivable balances, the creditworthiness of our customers and our receivables collection experience. During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the level of eligible assets available under the program was lower than $90.0 million primarily due to certain required reserves against our receivables. As a result, the amount available to us under the program was $82.9 million at June 30, 2017. Although we do not believe restrictions under this program presently materially restrict our operations, if an additional event occurs that triggers one of these restrictive provisions, we could experience a further decline in the amounts available to us under the program or termination of the program.
The program expires annually in September and is renewable.  The program was renewed in September 2016 for an additional year.
European Accounts Receivables Securitization Program
We and a group of our European subsidiaries maintain an accounts receivable securitization program with a special purpose vehicle, or SPV, two banks and issuers of commercial paper administered by these banks.  The European program is structured to be a securitization of certain trade receivables that are originated by certain of our European subsidiaries. The SPV borrows funds from the banks to fund its acquisition of the receivables and provides the banks with a first priority perfected security interest in the accounts receivable.  We do not have an equity interest in the SPV. We concluded the SPV is a variable interest entity because its total equity investment at risk is not sufficient to permit the SPV to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from the bank via loans or via the collections from accounts receivable already purchased. Additionally, we are considered the primary beneficiary of the SPV since we control the activities of the SPV, and are exposed to the risk of uncollectable receivables held by the SPV.  Therefore, the SPV is consolidated in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Any activity between the participating subsidiaries and the SPV is eliminated in consolidation. Loans from the banks to the SPV will be classified as short-term borrowings on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The net trade receivables that served as collateral for these borrowings are reclassified from trade receivables, net to prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
As of June 30, 2017, the maximum purchase limit for receivable interests was €110.0 million ($125.9 million equivalent at June 30, 2017), subject to availability limits.  The terms and provisions of this program are similar to our U.S. program discussed above. As of June 30, 2017, the amount available under this program was €99.1 million ($113.4 million equivalent as of June 30, 2017).
This program expires annually in February and is renewable. The planned maturity in February 2017 was extended to September 2017. 
Utilization of Our Accounts Receivable Securitization Programs
As of June 30, 2017, there were borrowings of $82.0 million outstanding under our U.S. program and borrowings of €98.8 million ($113.1 million equivalent as of June 30, 2017) under our European program. We continue to service the trade receivables supporting the programs, and the banks are permitted to re-pledge this collateral. Total interest expense for these programs was less than $1.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016.
Under limited circumstances, the banks and the issuers of commercial paper can end purchases of receivables interests before the above expiration dates. A failure to comply with debt leverage or various other ratios related to our receivables collection experience could result in termination of the receivables programs. We were in compliance with these ratios at June 30, 2017.
As of December 31, 2016, there were no amounts outstanding under our U.S. and European programs.