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Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Summary of Carrying Value and Estimated Fair Value of Financial Instruments
A summary of the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 is as follows:
 September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Fair ValueCarrying ValueFair ValueCarrying Value
Assets    
Investments    
Fixed maturities:
Available-for-sale securities$1,638,638 $1,638,512 $1,551,339 $1,551,336 
Equity securities51,217 51,217 169,106 169,106 
Mortgage loans42,280 45,534 35,302 37,898 
Other long-term investments93,836 93,836 86,276 86,276 
Short-term investments  275 275 
Cash and cash equivalents69,150 69,150 96,650 96,650 
Corporate-owned life insurance11,000 11,000 10,588 10,588 
Liabilities
Long Term Debt34,456 50,000 36,168 50,000 
Summary of Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value on Recurring Basis
The following tables present the categorization for our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The table includes financial instruments at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

September 30, 2023Fair Value Measurements
DescriptionTotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
Fixed maturities:
Bonds
U.S. Treasury$66,873 $ $66,873 $ 
U.S. government agency91,898  91,898  
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
General obligations
Midwest56,881  56,881  
Northeast10,999  10,999  
South53,134  53,134  
West75,326  75,326  
Special revenue
Midwest96,878  96,878  
Northeast50,552  50,552  
South159,500  159,500  
West100,516  100,516  
Foreign bonds18,336  18,336  
Public utilities127,417  127,417  
Corporate bonds
Energy41,600  41,600  
Industrials65,968  65,968  
Consumer goods and services88,506  88,506  
Health care31,537  31,537  
Technology, media and telecommunications80,248  80,248  
Financial services133,162  128,462 4,700 
Mortgage-backed securities21,007  21,007  
Collateralized mortgage obligations
Government national mortgage association146,670  146,670  
Federal home loan mortgage corporation71,849  71,849  
Federal national mortgage association45,887  45,887  
Asset-backed securities3,894  3,095 799 
Total Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities$1,638,638 $ $1,633,139 $5,499 
EQUITY SECURITIES
Common stocks
Public utilities$3,703 $3,703 $ $ 
Energy9,536 9,536   
Industrials13,023 13,023   
Consumer goods and services11,127 11,127   
Health care1,959 1,959   
Technology, media and telecommunications5,612 5,612   
Financial services6,257 6,257   
Total Equity Securities$51,217 $51,217 $ $ 
Short-Term Investments$ $ $ $ 
Money Market Accounts$13,977 $13,977 $ $ 
Corporate-Owned Life Insurance$11,000 $ $11,000 $ 
Total Assets Measured at Fair Value$1,714,832 $65,194 $1,644,139 $5,499 



December 31, 2022Fair Value Measurements
DescriptionTotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
Fixed maturities:
Bonds
U.S. Treasury$14,675 $— $14,675 $— 
U.S. government agency84,406 — 84,406 — 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
General obligations
Midwest61,113 — 61,113 — 
Northeast15,463 — 15,463 — 
South63,981 — 63,981 — 
West86,545 — 86,545 — 
Special revenue
Midwest102,266 — 102,266 — 
Northeast54,220 — 54,220 — 
South180,857 — 180,857 — 
West112,212 — 112,212 — 
Foreign bonds31,649 — 31,649 — 
Public utilities125,411 — 125,411 — 
Corporate bonds
Energy33,209 — 33,209 — 
Industrials52,842 — 52,842 — 
Consumer goods and services89,941 — 89,941 — 
Health care27,592 — 27,592 — 
Technology, media and telecommunications59,940 — 59,940 — 
Financial services124,292 — 118,617 5,675 
Mortgage-backed securities17,700 — 17,700 — 
Collateralized mortgage obligations
Government national mortgage association84,548 — 84,548 — 
Federal home loan mortgage corporation78,838 — 78,838 — 
Federal national mortgage association45,386 — 45,386 — 
Asset-backed securities4,253 — 3,452 801 
Total Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities$1,551,339 $— $1,544,863 $6,476 
EQUITY SECURITIES
Common stocks
Public utilities$14,846 $14,846 $— $— 
Energy19,743 19,743 — — 
Industrials27,163 27,163 — — 
Consumer goods and services43,139 43,139 — — 
Health care7,981 7,981 — — 
Technology, media and telecommunications28,213 28,213 — — 
Financial services28,021 28,021 — — 
Total Equity Securities$169,106 $169,106 $— $— 
Short-Term Investments$275 $275 $— $— 
Money Market Accounts$31,289 $31,289 $— $— 
Corporate-Owned Life Insurance$10,588 $— $10,588 $— 
Total Assets Measured at Fair Value$1,762,597 $200,670 $1,555,451 $6,476 
Summary of Quantitative Information About Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
The following table provides quantitative information about our Level 3 securities at September 30, 2023:
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value atValuation Technique(s)Unobservable inputsRange of weighted average significant unobservable inputs
September 30, 2023
Fixed Maturities corporate$4,700 Third-party valuationOffered quotes
90.0% - 100.0%
Fixed Maturities asset-backed securities799 Discounted cash flowProbability of default
4% - 6%
Changes in Fair Value of Level 3 Securities
The following table provides a summary of the changes in fair value of our Level 3 securities for the three-month period ended September 30, 2023:

Corporate bonds Asset-backed securitiesTotal
Beginning Balance - July 1, 2023$4,765 $837 $5,602 
Net unrealized gains (losses)(1)
(65)(38)(103)
Ending Balance - September 30, 2023$4,700  $799 $5,499 
(1) Net unrealized gains (losses) are recorded as a component of comprehensive income.

The following table provides a summary of the changes in fair value of our Level 3 securities for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2023:

Corporate bondsAsset-backed securitiesTotal
Beginning Balance - January 1, 2023$5,675 $801 $6,476 
Net unrealized gains (losses)(1)
(975)(2)(977)
Ending Balance - September 30, 2023$4,700 $799 $5,499 
(1) Net unrealized gains (losses) are recorded as a component of comprehensive income.
Summary of Carrying Value of Commercial Mortgage Loans by Loan-to-Value Ratio
The following tables present the carrying value of our commercial mortgage loans and additional information at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
Commercial Mortgage Loans
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Loan-to-valueCarrying ValueCarrying Value
Less than 65%$36,883 $29,231 
65%-75%8,706 8,716 
Total amortized cost$45,589 $37,947 
Allowance for mortgage loan losses(55)(49)
Mortgage loans, net$45,534 $37,898 
Mortgage Loans by Region
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Carrying ValuePercent of TotalCarrying ValuePercent of Total
East North Central$3,245 7.1 %$3,245 8.6 %
Southern Atlantic17,265 37.8 9,397 24.7 
East South Central7,591 16.7 7,783 20.5 
New England6,588 14.5 6,588 17.4 
Middle Atlantic6,020 13.2 6,139 16.2 
Mountain1,992 4.4 1,992 5.2 
West North Central2,888 6.3 2,803 7.4 
Total mortgage loans at amortized cost$45,589 100.0 %$37,947 100.0 %
Mortgage Loans by Property Type
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Carrying ValuePercent of TotalCarrying ValuePercent of Total
Commercial   
Multifamily$8,536 18.7 %$8,493 22.4 %
Office11,030 24.3 11,267 29.7 
Industrial
10,003 21.9 10,056 26.5 
Retail
10,000 21.9 1,992 5.2 
Mixed use/Other
6,020 13.2 6,139 16.2 
Total mortgage loans at amortized cost$45,589 100.0 %$37,947 100.0 %
Summary of Amortized Cost Basis by Year of Origination and Credit Quality Indicator
Amortized Cost Basis by Year of Origination and Credit Quality Indicator
20232022202020192018Total
Commercial mortgage loans:
Risk Rating:
1-2 internal grade$8,136 $100 5,292 $7,897 $17,576 $39,001 
3-4 internal grade— — — — 6,588 6,588 
5 internal grade— — — — — — 
6 internal grade— — — — — — 
7 internal grade— — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgage loans$8,136 $100 $5,292 $7,897 $24,164 $45,589 
Current-period write-offs— — — — — — 
Current-period recoveries— — — — — — 
Current-period net write-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— 
Summary of Rollforward of Allowance for Mortgage Loan Losses As of September 30, 2023, the Company had an allowance for mortgage loan losses of $55, summarized in the following rollforward:
Rollforward of allowance for mortgage loan losses:
As of
September 30, 2023
Beginning balance, January 1, 2023$49 
Current-period provision for expected credit losses
Ending balance of the allowance for mortgage loan losses, September 30, 2023
$55