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SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Investments [Abstract]  
Fair Value of Investments
The table that follows is a reconciliation of the amortized cost (cost for equity securities) to fair value of investments in held-to-maturity and available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.
December 31, 2013
 
Type of Investment
Cost or Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Appreciation
 
Gross Unrealized Depreciation
 
Fair Value
HELD-TO-MATURITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
$
250

 
$
4

 
$

 
$
254

Corporate bonds - financial services
200

 

 

 
200

Mortgage-backed securities
206

 
9

 

 
215

Total Held-to-Maturity Fixed Maturities
$
656

 
$
13

 
$

 
$
669

AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury
$
33,612

 
$
423

 
$
140

 
$
33,895

U.S. government agency
287,988

 
258

 
18,663

 
269,583

States, municipalities and political subdivisions
690,461

 
34,151

 
10,705

 
713,907

Foreign bonds
167,390

 
5,863

 
397

 
172,856

Public utilities
213,479

 
6,873

 
1,776

 
218,576

Corporate bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
157,620

 
4,398

 
1,008

 
161,010

Industrials
234,221

 
5,626

 
2,819

 
237,028

Consumer goods and services
165,565

 
3,770

 
1,421

 
167,914

Health care
91,008

 
3,138

 
1,200

 
92,946

Technology, media and telecommunications
121,746

 
2,541

 
3,321

 
120,966

Financial services
234,739

 
7,735

 
723

 
241,751

Mortgage-backed securities
22,034

 
323

 
291

 
22,066

Collateralized mortgage obligations
309,975

 
1,707

 
16,919

 
294,763

Asset-backed securities
3,719

 
276

 

 
3,995

Total Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturities
$
2,733,557

 
$
77,082

 
$
59,383

 
$
2,751,256

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stocks
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public utilities
$
7,231

 
$
9,068

 
$
27

 
$
16,272

Energy
5,094

 
9,269

 

 
14,363

Industrials
13,308

 
32,823

 
32

 
46,099

Consumer goods and services
10,363

 
10,895

 

 
21,258

Health care
7,920

 
17,078

 

 
24,998

Technology, media and telecommunications
6,204

 
7,183

 
83

 
13,304

Financial services
15,853

 
72,537

 
128

 
88,262

Nonredeemable preferred stocks
4,984

 
5

 
177

 
4,812

Total Available-for-Sale Equity Securities
$
70,957

 
$
158,858

 
$
447

 
$
229,368

Total Available-for-Sale Securities
$
2,804,514

 
$
235,940

 
$
59,830

 
$
2,980,624

December 31, 2012
 
Type of Investment
Cost or Amortized Cost
 
Gross Unrealized Appreciation
 
Gross Unrealized Depreciation
 
Fair Value
HELD-TO-MATURITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
States, municipalities and political subdivisions
$
1,185

 
$
11

 
$

 
$
1,196

Corporate bonds - financial services
200

 

 

 
200

Mortgage-backed securities
256

 
15

 

 
271

Collateralized mortgage obligations
14

 

 

 
14

Total Held-to-Maturity Fixed Maturities
$
1,655

 
$
26

 
$

 
$
1,681

AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury
$
37,887

 
$
939

 
$
5

 
$
38,821

U.S. government agency
45,566

 
429

 
67

 
45,928

States, municipalities and political subdivisions
739,752

 
55,572

 
819

 
794,505

Foreign bonds
207,359

 
11,863

 
62

 
219,160

Public utilities
232,550

 
15,208

 
32

 
247,726

Corporate bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Energy
169,973

 
9,758

 

 
179,731

Industrials
280,185

 
13,690

 
212

 
293,663

Consumer goods and services
193,313

 
9,813

 
151

 
202,975

Health care
115,654

 
7,111

 
80

 
122,685

Technology, media and telecommunications
123,660

 
6,909

 
198

 
130,371

Financial services
271,061

 
13,858

 
1,059

 
283,860

Mortgage-backed securities
27,940

 
888

 
21

 
28,807

Collateralized mortgage obligations
208,042

 
7,702

 
1,160

 
214,584

Asset-backed securities
4,480

 
406

 

 
4,886

Redeemable preferred stocks
378

 

 
2

 
376

Total Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturities
$
2,657,800

 
$
154,146

 
$
3,868

 
$
2,808,078

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stocks
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public utilities
$
7,231

 
$
7,268

 
$
83

 
$
14,416

Energy
5,094

 
6,903

 

 
11,997

Industrials
13,031

 
19,827

 
174

 
32,684

Consumer goods and services
10,394

 
8,535

 
50

 
18,879

Health care
7,920

 
10,286

 
125

 
18,081

Technology, media and telecommunications
5,367

 
5,155

 
95

 
10,427

Financial services
15,701

 
52,936

 
145

 
68,492

Nonredeemable preferred stocks
2,154

 
25

 
28

 
2,151

Total Available-for-Sale Equity Securities
$
66,892

 
$
110,935

 
$
700

 
$
177,127

Total Available-for-Sale Securities
$
2,724,692

 
$
265,081

 
$
4,568

 
$
2,985,205

Maturities
The amortized cost and fair value of held-to-maturity, available-for-sale and trading fixed maturity securities at December 31, 2013, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Asset-backed securities, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations may be subject to prepayment risk and are therefore not categorized by contractual maturity.
 
Held-To-Maturity
 
Available-For-Sale
 
Trading
December 31, 2013
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
 
Amortized Cost
 
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
$
135

 
$
136

 
$
231,060

 
$
234,922

 
$
1,350

 
$
1,359

Due after one year through five years
315

 
318

 
950,084

 
996,862

 
3,762

 
5,147

Due after five years through 10 years

 

 
848,931

 
855,156

 

 

Due after 10 years

 

 
367,754

 
343,492

 
2,937

 
3,434

Asset-backed securities

 

 
3,719

 
3,995

 

 

Mortgage-backed securities
206

 
215

 
22,034

 
22,066

 

 

Collateralized mortgage obligations

 

 
309,975

 
294,763

 

 

 
$
656

 
$
669

 
$
2,733,557

 
$
2,751,256

 
$
8,049

 
$
9,940

Net Realized Investment Gains and Losses
A summary of net realized investment gains (losses) for 2013, 2012 and 2011, is as follows:
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Net realized investment gains (losses)
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities:
 
 
 
 
 
Held-to-maturity
$
1

 
$
12

 
$
8

Available-for-sale
3,211

 
3,408

 
4,776

Trading securities
 
 
 
 
 
Change in fair value
1,183

 
683

 
(539
)
Sales
788

 
406

 
(326
)
Equity securities:
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale
3,739

 
698

 
2,988

Trading securities
 
 
 
 
 
Change in fair value
(126
)
 
250

 
(4
)
Sales
38

 

 

Other long-term investments

 

 
(68
)
Other-than-temporary-impairment charges:
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities
(139
)
 

 
(395
)
Equity securities

 
(4
)
 

Total net realized investment gains
$
8,695

 
$
5,453

 
$
6,440

Proceeds and Gross Realized Gains and Losses
The proceeds and gross realized gains (losses) on the sale of available-for-sale securities for 2013, 2012 and 2011, were as follows:
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Proceeds from sales
$
23,007

 
$
20,324

 
$
39,496

Gross realized gains
451

 
513

 
1,144

Gross realized losses

 
(37
)
 
(1,562
)
Net Investment Income
Net investment income for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, is comprised of the following:
Years Ended December 31,
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Investment income
 
 
 
 
 
Interest on fixed maturities
$
101,950

 
$
108,517

 
$
109,467

Dividends on equity securities
5,806

 
5,354

 
4,628

Income (loss) on other long-term investments
 
 
 
 
 
Investment income
1,194

 
232

 
224

Change in value (1)
7,030

 
2,562

 
(137
)
Interest on mortgage loans
266

 
279

 
285

Interest on short-term investments
6

 
10

 
4

Interest on cash and cash equivalents
239

 
290

 
913

Other
1,632

 
825

 
969

Total investment income
$
118,123

 
$
118,069

 
$
116,353

Less investment expenses
5,324

 
6,164

 
6,859

Net investment income
$
112,799

 
$
111,905

 
$
109,494

(1)
Represents the change in value of our interests in limited liability partnerships that are recorded on the equity method of accounting.
Unrealized Appreciation and Depreciation
A summary of changes in net unrealized investment appreciation for 2013, 2012 and 2011, is as follows:
 
2013
 
2012
 
2011
Change in net unrealized investment appreciation
 
 
 
 
 
Available-for-sale fixed maturities
$
(132,579
)
 
$
15,816

 
$
34,699

Equity securities
48,176

 
19,339

 
(4,675
)
Deferred policy acquisition costs
42,102

 
(4,821
)
 
3,402

Income tax effect
14,806

 
(10,614
)
 
(11,699
)
Total change in net unrealized investment appreciation, net of tax
$
(27,495
)
 
$
19,720


$
21,727

Investments in Unrealized Loss Position
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2013
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or longer
 
Total
Type of Investment
Number
of Issues
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross Unrealized
Depreciation
 
Number
of Issues
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross Unrealized Depreciation
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross Unrealized Depreciation
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury
10

 
$
9,196

 
$
140

 

 
$

 
$

 
$
9,196

 
$
140

U.S. government agency
101

 
256,203

 
18,019

 
2

 
4,356

 
644

 
260,559

 
18,663

States, municipalities and political subdivisions
136

 
97,950

 
7,423

 
29

 
29,670

 
3,282

 
127,620

 
10,705

Foreign bonds
10

 
20,832

 
397

 

 

 

 
20,832

 
397

Public utilities
31

 
61,582

 
1,776

 

 

 

 
61,582

 
1,776

Corporate bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


 


Energy
9

 
23,735

 
1,008

 

 

 

 
23,735

 
1,008

Industrials
34

 
77,788

 
2,819

 

 

 

 
77,788

 
2,819

Consumer goods and services
31

 
58,833

 
1,276

 
6

 
3,218

 
145

 
62,051

 
1,421

Health care
10

 
25,888

 
942

 
2

 
4,427

 
258

 
30,315

 
1,200

Technology, media and telecommunications
18

 
58,105

 
2,147

 
2

 
7,468

 
1,174

 
65,573

 
3,321

Financial services
7

 
15,191

 
720

 
1

 
1,525

 
3

 
16,716

 
723

Mortgage-backed securities
16

 
4,476

 
177

 
6

 
3,113

 
114

 
7,589

 
291

Collateralized mortgage obligations
111

 
208,855

 
11,062

 
23

 
55,184

 
5,857

 
264,039

 
16,919

Total Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities
524

 
$
918,634

 
$
47,906

 
71

 
$
108,961

 
$
11,477

 
$
1,027,595

 
$
59,383

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stocks
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public utilities

 
$

 
$

 
3

 
$
281

 
$
27

 
$
281

 
$
27

Industrials
1

 
1

 
1

 
2

 
81

 
31

 
82

 
32

Technology, media and telecommunications

 

 

 
6

 
206

 
83

 
206

 
83

Financial services

 

 

 
4

 
215

 
128

 
215

 
128

Nonredeemable preferred stocks
3

 
3,493

 
116

 
2

 
1,170

 
61

 
4,663

 
177

Total Available-for-Sale Equity Securities
4

 
$
3,494

 
$
117

 
17

 
$
1,953

 
$
330

 
$
5,447

 
$
447

Total Available-for-Sale Securities
528

 
$
922,128

 
$
48,023

 
88

 
$
110,914

 
$
11,807

 
$
1,033,042

 
$
59,830


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2012
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or longer
 
Total
Type of Investment
Number
of Issues
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross Unrealized Depreciation
 
Number
of Issues
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross Unrealized Depreciation
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross Unrealized Depreciation
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed maturities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury
2

 
$
1,724

 
$
5

 

 
$

 
$

 
$
1,724

 
$
5

U.S. government agency
5

 
17,654

 
67

 

 

 

 
17,654

 
67

States, municipalities and political subdivisions
31

 
41,775

 
819

 

 

 

 
41,775

 
819

Foreign bonds
1

 
3,323

 
48

 
1

 
558

 
14

 
3,881

 
62

Public utilities
2

 
3,155

 
32

 

 

 

 
3,155

 
32

Corporate bonds
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrials
4

 
12,194

 
109

 
1

 
2,897

 
103

 
15,091

 
212

Consumer goods and services

 

 

 
7

 
4,606

 
151

 
4,606

 
151

Health care
3

 
7,416

 
80

 

 

 

 
7,416

 
80

Technology, media and telecommunications
5

 
13,402

 
198

 

 

 

 
13,402

 
198

Financial services
2

 
1,005

 
1

 
24

 
24,693

 
1,058

 
25,698

 
1,059

Mortgage-backed securities
7

 
4,472

 
21

 

 

 

 
4,472

 
21

Collateralized mortgage obligations
27

 
74,702

 
1,004

 
1

 
29

 
156

 
74,731

 
1,160

Redeemable preferred stocks
2

 
376

 
2

 

 

 

 
376

 
2

Total Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities
91

 
$
181,198

 
$
2,386

 
34

 
$
32,783

 
$
1,482

 
$
213,981

 
$
3,868

Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Common stocks
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Public utilities
3

 
$
225

 
$
83

 

 
$

 
$

 
$
225

 
$
83

Industrials
4

 
482

 
52

 
9

 
621

 
122

 
1,103

 
174

Consumer goods and services
2

 
280

 
19

 
4

 
372

 
31

 
652

 
50

Health care
1

 
31

 
2

 
3

 
896

 
123

 
927

 
125

Technology, media and telecommunications
5

 
241

 
7

 
7

 
581

 
88

 
822

 
95

Financial services
1

 
47

 
19

 
7

 
1,109

 
126

 
1,156

 
145

Nonredeemable preferred stocks

 

 

 
2

 
1,203

 
28

 
1,203

 
28

Total Available-for-Sale Equity Securities
16

 
$
1,306

 
$
182

 
32

 
$
4,782

 
$
518

 
$
6,088

 
$
700

Total Available-for-Sale Securities
107

 
$
182,504

 
$
2,568

 
66

 
$
37,565

 
$
2,000

 
$
220,069

 
$
4,568