SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS

Fair Value of Investments

The table that follows is a reconciliation of the amortized cost (cost for equity securities) to fair value of investments in held-to-maturity and available-for-sale fixed maturity and equity securities as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.



December 31, 2013
Type of Investment	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
HELD-TO-MATURITY
Fixed maturities
Bonds
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	$	250	$	4	$	—	$	254
Corporate bonds - financial services	200		—		—		200
Mortgage-backed securities	206		9		—		215
Total Held-to-Maturity Fixed Maturities	$	656	$	13	$	—	$	669
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
Fixed maturities
Bonds
U.S. Treasury	$	33,612	$	423	$	140	$	33,895
U.S. government agency	287,988		258		18,663		269,583
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	690,461		34,151		10,705		713,907
Foreign bonds	167,390		5,863		397		172,856
Public utilities	213,479		6,873		1,776		218,576
Corporate bonds
Energy	157,620		4,398		1,008		161,010
Industrials	234,221		5,626		2,819		237,028
Consumer goods and services	165,565		3,770		1,421		167,914
Health care	91,008		3,138		1,200		92,946
Technology, media and telecommunications	121,746		2,541		3,321		120,966
Financial services	234,739		7,735		723		241,751
Mortgage-backed securities	22,034		323		291		22,066
Collateralized mortgage obligations	309,975		1,707		16,919		294,763
Asset-backed securities	3,719		276		—		3,995
Total Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturities	$	2,733,557	$	77,082	$	59,383	$	2,751,256
Equity securities
Common stocks
Public utilities	$	7,231	$	9,068	$	27	$	16,272
Energy	5,094		9,269		—		14,363
Industrials	13,308		32,823		32		46,099
Consumer goods and services	10,363		10,895		—		21,258
Health care	7,920		17,078		—		24,998
Technology, media and telecommunications	6,204		7,183		83		13,304
Financial services	15,853		72,537		128		88,262
Nonredeemable preferred stocks	4,984		5		177		4,812
Total Available-for-Sale Equity Securities	$	70,957	$	158,858	$	447	$	229,368
Total Available-for-Sale Securities	$	2,804,514	$	235,940	$	59,830	$	2,980,624



December 31, 2012
Type of Investment	Cost or Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Appreciation		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value
HELD-TO-MATURITY
Fixed maturities
Bonds
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	$	1,185	$	11	$	—	$	1,196
Corporate bonds - financial services	200		—		—		200
Mortgage-backed securities	256		15		—		271
Collateralized mortgage obligations	14		—		—		14
Total Held-to-Maturity Fixed Maturities	$	1,655	$	26	$	—	$	1,681
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
Fixed maturities
Bonds
U.S. Treasury	$	37,887	$	939	$	5	$	38,821
U.S. government agency	45,566		429		67		45,928
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	739,752		55,572		819		794,505
Foreign bonds	207,359		11,863		62		219,160
Public utilities	232,550		15,208		32		247,726
Corporate bonds
Energy	169,973		9,758		—		179,731
Industrials	280,185		13,690		212		293,663
Consumer goods and services	193,313		9,813		151		202,975
Health care	115,654		7,111		80		122,685
Technology, media and telecommunications	123,660		6,909		198		130,371
Financial services	271,061		13,858		1,059		283,860
Mortgage-backed securities	27,940		888		21		28,807
Collateralized mortgage obligations	208,042		7,702		1,160		214,584
Asset-backed securities	4,480		406		—		4,886
Redeemable preferred stocks	378		—		2		376
Total Available-For-Sale Fixed Maturities	$	2,657,800	$	154,146	$	3,868	$	2,808,078
Equity securities
Common stocks
Public utilities	$	7,231	$	7,268	$	83	$	14,416
Energy	5,094		6,903		—		11,997
Industrials	13,031		19,827		174		32,684
Consumer goods and services	10,394		8,535		50		18,879
Health care	7,920		10,286		125		18,081
Technology, media and telecommunications	5,367		5,155		95		10,427
Financial services	15,701		52,936		145		68,492
Nonredeemable preferred stocks	2,154		25		28		2,151
Total Available-for-Sale Equity Securities	$	66,892	$	110,935	$	700	$	177,127
Total Available-for-Sale Securities	$	2,724,692	$	265,081	$	4,568	$	2,985,205

Maturities

The amortized cost and fair value of held-to-maturity, available-for-sale and trading fixed maturity securities at December 31, 2013, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Asset-backed securities, mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations may be subject to prepayment risk and are therefore not categorized by contractual maturity.



	Held-To-Maturity				Available-For-Sale				Trading
December 31, 2013	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	135	$	136	$	231,060	$	234,922	$	1,350	$	1,359
Due after one year through five years	315		318		950,084		996,862		3,762		5,147
Due after five years through 10 years	—		—		848,931		855,156		—		—
Due after 10 years	—		—		367,754		343,492		2,937		3,434
Asset-backed securities	—		—		3,719		3,995		—		—
Mortgage-backed securities	206		215		22,034		22,066		—		—
Collateralized mortgage obligations	—		—		309,975		294,763		—		—
	$	656	$	669	$	2,733,557	$	2,751,256	$	8,049	$	9,940

Net Realized Investment Gains and Losses

Net realized gains (losses) on disposition of investments are computed using the specific identification method and are included in the computation of net income. A summary of net realized investment gains (losses) for 2013, 2012 and 2011, is as follows:



	2013			2012			2011
Net realized investment gains (losses)
Fixed maturities:
Held-to-maturity	$	1		$	12		$	8
Available-for-sale	3,211			3,408			4,776
Trading securities
Change in fair value	1,183			683			(539		)
Sales	788			406			(326		)
Equity securities:
Available-for-sale	3,739			698			2,988
Trading securities
Change in fair value	(126		)	250			(4		)
Sales	38			—			—
Other long-term investments	—			—			(68		)
Other-than-temporary-impairment charges:
Fixed maturities	(139		)	—			(395		)
Equity securities	—			(4		)	—
Total net realized investment gains	$	8,695		$	5,453		$	6,440

The proceeds and gross realized gains (losses) on the sale of available-for-sale securities for 2013, 2012 and 2011, were as follows:



	2013		2012			2011
Proceeds from sales	$	23,007	$	20,324		$	39,496
Gross realized gains	451		513			1,144
Gross realized losses	—		(37		)	(1,562		)

There were no sales of held-to-maturity securities in 2013, 2012 and 2011.

Our investment portfolio includes trading securities with embedded derivatives. These securities are primarily convertible securities which are recorded at fair value. Income or loss, including the change in the fair value of these trading securities, is recognized currently in earnings as a component of net realized investment gains and losses. Our portfolio of trading securities had a fair value of $12,427 and $15,371 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Net Investment Income

Net investment income for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, is comprised of the following:



Years Ended December 31,	2013		2012		2011
Investment income
Interest on fixed maturities	$	101,950	$	108,517	$	109,467
Dividends on equity securities	5,806		5,354		4,628
Income (loss) on other long-term investments
Investment income	1,194		232		224
Change in value ⁽¹⁾	7,030		2,562		(137		)
Interest on mortgage loans	266		279		285
Interest on short-term investments	6		10		4
Interest on cash and cash equivalents	239		290		913
Other	1,632		825		969
Total investment income	$	118,123	$	118,069	$	116,353
Less investment expenses	5,324		6,164		6,859
Net investment income	$	112,799	$	111,905	$	109,494


(1)	Represents the change in value of our interests in limited liability partnerships that are recorded on the equity method of accounting.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Pursuant to an agreement with one of our limited liability partnership investments, we are contractually committed through December 31, 2017 to make capital contributions upon request of the partnership. Our remaining potential contractual obligation was $1,050 at December 31, 2013.

Unrealized Appreciation and Depreciation

A summary of changes in net unrealized investment appreciation for 2013, 2012 and 2011, is as follows:



	2013			2012			2011
Change in net unrealized investment appreciation
Available-for-sale fixed maturities	$	(132,579	)	$	15,816		$	34,699
Equity securities	48,176			19,339			(4,675		)
Deferred policy acquisition costs	42,102			(4,821		)	3,402
Income tax effect	14,806			(10,614		)	(11,699		)
Total change in net unrealized investment appreciation, net of tax	$	(27,495	)	$	19,720		$	21,727

We continually monitor the difference between our cost basis and the estimated fair value of our investments. Our accounting policy for impairment recognition requires OTTI charges to be recorded when we determine that it is more likely than not that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the fixed maturity security or that the anticipated recovery in fair value of the equity security will not occur in a reasonable amount of time. Impairment charges on investments are recorded based on the fair value of the investments at the measurement date. Factors considered in evaluating whether a decline in value is other-than-temporary include: the length of time and the extent to which fair value has been less than cost; the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer; our intention to hold the investment; and the likelihood that we will be required to sell the investment.

The tables on the following pages summarize our fixed maturity and equity securities that were in an unrealized loss position at December 31, 2013 and 2012. The securities are presented by the length of time they have been continuously in an unrealized loss position. It is possible that we could recognize OTTI charges in future periods on securities held at December 31, 2013, if future events or information cause us to determine that a decline in fair value is other-than-temporary.

We have evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers of our fixed maturity securities in relation to the severity and duration of the unrealized loss which resulted in the recognition of a $139 and $395 credit loss OTTI in our Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2011, respectively. There were no OTTI losses on fixed maturity securities recognized in 2012. We believe the unrealized depreciation in value of other securities in our fixed maturity portfolio is primarily attributable to changes in market interest rates and not the credit quality of the issuer. We have no intent to sell and it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell these securities until the fair value recovers to at least equal our cost basis or the securities mature.

We have evaluated the near-term prospects of the issuers of our equity securities in relation to the severity and duration of the unrealized loss which resulted in the recognition of a $4 OTTI in our Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the year ended December 31, 2012. There were no OTTI losses on equity securities recognized in 2013 or 2011. Our largest unrealized loss greater than 12 months on an individual equity security at December 31, 2013 was $58. We have no intention to sell any of these securities prior to a recovery in value, but will continue to monitor the fair value reported for these securities as part of our overall process to evaluate investments for OTTI recognition.




December 31, 2013	Less than 12 months					12 months or longer					Total
Type of Investment	Number of Issues	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Number of Issues	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Depreciation
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
Fixed maturities
Bonds
U.S. Treasury	10	$	9,196	$	140	—	$	—	$	—	$	9,196	$	140
U.S. government agency	101	256,203		18,019		2	4,356		644		260,559		18,663
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	136	97,950		7,423		29	29,670		3,282		127,620		10,705
Foreign bonds	10	20,832		397		—	—		—		20,832		397
Public utilities	31	61,582		1,776		—	—		—		61,582		1,776
Corporate bonds
Energy	9	23,735		1,008		—	—		—		23,735		1,008
Industrials	34	77,788		2,819		—	—		—		77,788		2,819
Consumer goods and services	31	58,833		1,276		6	3,218		145		62,051		1,421
Health care	10	25,888		942		2	4,427		258		30,315		1,200
Technology, media and telecommunications	18	58,105		2,147		2	7,468		1,174		65,573		3,321
Financial services	7	15,191		720		1	1,525		3		16,716		723
Mortgage-backed securities	16	4,476		177		6	3,113		114		7,589		291
Collateralized mortgage obligations	111	208,855		11,062		23	55,184		5,857		264,039		16,919
Total Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities	524	$	918,634	$	47,906	71	$	108,961	$	11,477	$	1,027,595	$	59,383
Equity securities
Common stocks
Public utilities	—	$	—	$	—	3	$	281	$	27	$	281	$	27
Industrials	1	1		1		2	81		31		82		32
Technology, media and telecommunications	—	—		—		6	206		83		206		83
Financial services	—	—		—		4	215		128		215		128
Nonredeemable preferred stocks	3	3,493		116		2	1,170		61		4,663		177
Total Available-for-Sale Equity Securities	4	$	3,494	$	117	17	$	1,953	$	330	$	5,447	$	447
Total Available-for-Sale Securities	528	$	922,128	$	48,023	88	$	110,914	$	11,807	$	1,033,042	$	59,830




December 31, 2012	Less than 12 months					12 months or longer					Total
Type of Investment	Number of Issues	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Number of Issues	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Depreciation		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Depreciation
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
Fixed maturities
Bonds
U.S. Treasury	2	$	1,724	$	5	—	$	—	$	—	$	1,724	$	5
U.S. government agency	5	17,654		67		—	—		—		17,654		67
States, municipalities and political subdivisions	31	41,775		819		—	—		—		41,775		819
Foreign bonds	1	3,323		48		1	558		14		3,881		62
Public utilities	2	3,155		32		—	—		—		3,155		32
Corporate bonds
Industrials	4	12,194		109		1	2,897		103		15,091		212
Consumer goods and services	—	—		—		7	4,606		151		4,606		151
Health care	3	7,416		80		—	—		—		7,416		80
Technology, media and telecommunications	5	13,402		198		—	—		—		13,402		198
Financial services	2	1,005		1		24	24,693		1,058		25,698		1,059
Mortgage-backed securities	7	4,472		21		—	—		—		4,472		21
Collateralized mortgage obligations	27	74,702		1,004		1	29		156		74,731		1,160
Redeemable preferred stocks	2	376		2		—	—		—		376		2
Total Available-for-Sale Fixed Maturities	91	$	181,198	$	2,386	34	$	32,783	$	1,482	$	213,981	$	3,868
Equity securities
Common stocks
Public utilities	3	$	225	$	83	—	$	—	$	—	$	225	$	83
Industrials	4	482		52		9	621		122		1,103		174
Consumer goods and services	2	280		19		4	372		31		652		50
Health care	1	31		2		3	896		123		927		125
Technology, media and telecommunications	5	241		7		7	581		88		822		95
Financial services	1	47		19		7	1,109		126		1,156		145
Nonredeemable preferred stocks	—	—		—		2	1,203		28		1,203		28
Total Available-for-Sale Equity Securities	16	$	1,306	$	182	32	$	4,782	$	518	$	6,088	$	700
Total Available-for-Sale Securities	107	$	182,504	$	2,568	66	$	37,565	$	2,000	$	220,069	$	4,568