424B2 1 d313885d424b2.htm FILED PURSUANT TO RULE 424(B)(2) Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)
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Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)
Registration No. 333-180042

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of each Class of

Securities to be Registered

 

Amount

to be
Registered

  Proposed
Maximum
Offering Price
Per Share
 

Aggregate

Offering Price

  Registration Fee

2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017

  $258,750,000(1)(2)   100%   $258,750,000(1)(2)   $29,652.75(2)(3)

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, including related rights to purchase Series C Junior Participating Preferred Stock(4)

  —(5)   —(5)   —(5)   —(6)

 

 

 

(1) Equals the aggregate principal amount of 2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017 to be registered hereunder. These amounts are estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).

 

(2) Includes $33,750,000 in aggregate principal amount of 2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017 that may be offered and sold pursuant to the exercise in full of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional 2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017.

 

(3) Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act.

 

(4) Includes associated rights to purchase shares of the Rregistrant’s Series C Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Preferred Share Purchase Rights”). Preferred Share Purchase Rights are attached to shares of the Registrant’s common stock in accordance with the rights agreement, dated as of December 4, 2006, as amended from time to time, by and between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Rights Agent (the “Rights Agreement”). The Preferred Share Purchase Rights are not exercisable until the occurrence of certain events specified in the Rights Agreement, are evidenced by the stock certificates representing the common stock and are transferable solely with the common stock. The value attributable to the Preferred Share Purchase Rights, if any, is reflected in the value of the common stock.

 

(5) An indeterminate number of shares of common stock are being registered as may be issued from time to time upon conversion of the 2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017. Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act, the Registrant is also registering an indeterminate number of shares of common stock as may become issuable upon conversion by reason of adjustments in the conversion price.

 

(6) Pursuant to Rule 457(i) under the Securities Act, no separate registration fee is required for the shares of common stock underlying the 2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017 because no additional consideration is to be received in connection with the exercise of the conversion privilege.


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PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(to Prospectus Dated March 12, 2012)

$225,000,000

 

LOGO

2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017

 

 

The notes will bear interest at a rate of 2.625% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2012.

Holders may convert their notes at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2017 only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2012, if the closing sale price of our common stock, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the calendar quarter in which the conversion occurs, is more than 130% of the conversion price of the notes in effect on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five consecutive trading-day period following any five consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price for the notes for each such trading day was less than 98% of the closing sale price of our common stock on such date multiplied by the then-current conversion rate; (3) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events; or (4) if we call any notes for redemption, at any time until the close of business on the second business day preceding the redemption date. On or after January 1, 2017 until the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the stated maturity date, holders may surrender their notes for conversion at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

Upon conversion, we will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election, as described in this prospectus supplement.

The initial conversion rate will be 9.7586 shares of our common stock for each $1,000 principal amount of notes, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $102.47 per share. Following certain corporate transactions that occur on or prior to the stated maturity date, we will increase the conversion rate for a holder that elects to convert its notes in connection with such a corporate transaction.

We may not redeem the notes prior to April 6, 2015, and no sinking fund is provided for the notes. On or after April 6, 2015, we may redeem for cash all or part of the notes, except for the notes that we are required to repurchase in connection with a fundamental change, as defined herein, but only if the closing sale price of our common stock for 20 or more trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the date we provide the notice of redemption exceeds 130% of the conversion price in effect on each such trading day. The redemption price will equal 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.

If a fundamental change occurs prior to the stated maturity date, holders may require us to purchase for cash all or any portion of their notes at a fundamental change purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change purchase date.

We do not intend to apply to list the notes on any securities exchange or for inclusion of the notes on any automated dealer quotation system. Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “MDVN.” On March 13, 2012, the closing sale price of our common stock was $71.41 per share.

We have granted the underwriters named below the right to purchase, exercisable during the 30-day period beginning on the date of this prospectus supplement, up to an additional $33,750,000 aggregate principal amount of notes.

 

 

Investing in the notes involves certain risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-7.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

     Per Note    Total  

Public offering price

   100%    $ 225,000,000   

Underwriting discounts

       3%    $ 6,750,000   

Proceeds to us (before expenses)

     97%    $ 218,250,000   

The public offering price set forth above does not include accrued interest, if any. Interest on the notes will accrue from March 19, 2012.

The underwriters expect that the notes will be delivered on or about March 19, 2012.

 

 

Sole Book-Running Manager

Citigroup

 

 

Co-Managers

 

Credit Suisse        
  Jefferies      
    William Blair & Company  
          Leerink Swann  

 

March 13, 2012


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prospectus Supplement

 

     Page  

About this Prospectus Supplement

     S-ii   

Summary

     S-1   

The Offering

     S-2   

Summary Consolidated Financial Data

     S-6   

Risk Factors

     S-7   

Forward-looking Statements

     S-34   

Use of Proceeds

     S-36   

Price Range of Common Stock

     S-37   

Dividend Policy

     S-38   

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

     S-39   

Capitalization

     S-40   

Description of the Notes

     S-41   

Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations

     S-69   

Underwriting

     S-77   

Legal Matters

     S-82   

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     S-82   

Where You Can Find More Information

     S-82   

Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference

     S-82   
Prospectus   
      Page  

About this Prospectus

     1   

Prospectus Summary

     3   

Risk Factors

     7   

Forward-looking Statements

     7   

Use of Proceeds

     8   

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

     8   

Description of Debt Securities

     9   

Description of Capital Stock

     16   

Description of Warrants

     21   

Legal Ownership of Securities

     23   

Plan of Distribution

     26   

Legal Matters

     28   

Experts

     28   

Where You Can Find Additional Information

     28   

Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference

     29   

 

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the terms of this offering and also adds to, and updates, information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. The second part, the accompanying prospectus dated March 12, 2012, including the documents incorporated by reference therein, provides more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. Generally, when we refer to this prospectus, we are referring to both parts of this document combined. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus supplement, on the one hand, and the information contained in the accompanying prospectus or in any document incorporated by reference that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) before the date of this prospectus supplement, on the other hand, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement. If any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date — for example, a document incorporated by reference into the accompanying prospectus — the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement. You should read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, in their entirety before making an investment decision.

You should rely only on the information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. We have not, and the underwriters have not, authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, is accurate only as of the respective dates of those documents. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should also read and consider the information in the documents to which we have referred you in the sections of this prospectus supplement entitled “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.”

Unless otherwise mentioned or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this prospectus supplement to “Medivation,” “we,” “our” or similar references mean Medivation, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the information incorporated herein and therein by reference include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

 

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SUMMARY

This summary highlights certain information about us, this offering and selected information contained elsewhere in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before deciding whether to invest. For a more complete understanding of our company and this offering, we encourage you to read and consider carefully the more detailed information in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and the information included in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, including the information contained in and incorporated by reference under the heading “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement, and under similar headings in the other documents that are filed after the date hereof and incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.

Medivation, Inc.

We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on the rapid development of novel small molecule drugs to treat serious diseases for which there are limited treatment options. Together with our collaboration partner Astellas Pharma Inc. (“Astellas”), we are developing MDV3100 for multiple stages of advanced prostate cancer. We have successfully completed a Phase 3 trial in the latest stage patients — those who have failed docetaxel-based chemotherapy — and we are conducting an additional Phase 3 trial and two Phase 2 trials in men with earlier stages of advanced prostate cancer. Based on the positive results of the AFFIRM trial, we have exercised our right under our collaboration agreement with Astellas to co-promote MDV3100 in the U.S., should it receive marketing approval. We and Astellas expect to file applications for marketing approval for MDV3100 both in the U.S. and in Europe in 2012. MDV3100 has received “Fast Track” designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) for the post-docetaxel indication.

We have not generated any revenue from product sales to date, and we may never generate any revenue from product sales. We have funded our operations primarily through private and public offerings of our common stock and from the up-front, development milestone and cost-sharing payments from Astellas and from our former collaboration partner Pfizer, Inc. (“Pfizer”). We have incurred cumulative net losses of $250.3 million through December 31, 2011, and we expect to incur substantial additional losses for the foreseeable future as we pursue regulatory approval for, and, if approved, commercial launch of, MDV3100 and continue to finance clinical and preclinical studies of our existing and potential future product candidates and our corporate overhead costs.

We are a corporation formed in Delaware in October 1995, under our former name Orion Acquisition Corp. II, to identify and consummate a business combination. Our three subsidiaries are Medivation Prostate Therapeutics, Inc. (“MPT”), Medivation Neurology, Inc. (“MNI”), and Medivation Technologies, Inc. (“MTI”). MPT holds our MDV300 series technology, which is in development for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer under our collaboration agreement with Astellas, and MTI holds our earlier stage technologies. MNI holds our dimebon technology, which previously was in development for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington disease under our former collaboration agreement with Pfizer. In January 2012, Pfizer exercised its right to terminate the collaboration agreement and we and Pfizer discontinued development of dimebon for all indications.

Our principal executive offices are located at 201 Spear Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105, our telephone number is (415) 543-3470, and our website address is www.medivation.com. The information contained on or linked from our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus supplement.

 

 

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THE OFFERING

The following is a summary of the terms of the notes. For a more complete description, you should read the “Description of the Notes” of this prospectus supplement and “Description of Debt Securities” in the accompanying prospectus. In this section, reference to “Medivation,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer to Medivation, Inc. and not to any of its subsidiaries.

 

Issuer

   Medivation, Inc., a Delaware corporation.

Securities Offered

   $225,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017 (plus up to an additional $33,750,000 principal amount at the underwriters’ option).

Maturity

   April 1, 2017, unless earlier purchased, redeemed or converted.

Interest

   2.625% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2012. We will pay additional interest, if any, at our election as the sole remedy relating to the failure to comply with our reporting obligations as described under “Description of the Notes—Events of Default.”

Ranking

  

The notes will be our general senior unsecured obligations and will be:

 

•       senior in right of payment to any of our future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the notes;

 

•       equal in right of payment to any of our future unsecured indebtedness and other liabilities of ours that are not so subordinated;

 

•       effectively junior in right of payment to any of our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and

 

•       structurally junior to all future indebtedness incurred by our subsidiaries and their other liabilities (including trade payables).

 

As of December 31, 2011, we did not have any consolidated indebtedness. After giving effect to the issuance of the notes (assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional notes) and the use of proceeds therefrom, our total consolidated indebtedness would have been $225.0 million.

Optional Redemption                

   We may not redeem the notes prior to April 6, 2015, and no sinking fund is provided for the notes. On or after April 6, 2015, we may redeem for cash all or part of the notes, except for the notes that we are required to repurchase as described under “Description of Notes—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change,” but only if the closing sale price of our common stock for 20 or more trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the date we provide the notice of redemption exceeds 130% of the conversion price in effect on each such trading day. The redemption price will equal 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date.

 

 

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Conversion                         

  

Holders may surrender their notes for conversion at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2017 only under the following circumstances:

 

•       during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2012, if the closing sale price of our common stock, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the calendar quarter in which the conversion occurs, is more than 130% of the conversion price of the notes in effect on each applicable trading day;

 

•       during the five consecutive trading-day period following any five consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price for the notes for each such trading day was less than 98% of the closing sale price of our common stock on such date multiplied by the then-current conversion rate;

 

•       upon the occurrence of specified corporate events described under “Description of the Notes—Conversion of Notes—Conversion upon Specified Corporate Transactions;” or

 

•       if we call any notes for redemption, at any time until the close of business on the second business day preceding the redemption date.

 

On or after January 1, 2017 until the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the stated maturity date, holders may surrender their notes for conversion regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

  

The initial conversion rate for the notes will be 9.7586 shares of our common stock for each $1,000 principal amount of notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $102.47 per share of our common stock). Upon conversion, we will pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our election. If we satisfy our conversion obligation in solely cash or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, the amount of cash and shares of common stock, if any, due upon conversion will be based on a daily conversion value (as described herein) calculated for each trading day in a 20 trading-day conversion period (as described herein). See “Description of the Notes—Conversion of Notes—Settlement upon Conversion.”

 

Holders will not receive any additional cash payment or additional shares of our common stock representing accrued and unpaid interest, if any, upon conversion of a note, except in limited circumstances. Instead, interest will be deemed to be paid by the consideration delivered to you upon conversion of a note.

   The conversion rate for the notes is subject to adjustment as described under “Description of the Notes—Conversion of Notes—Conversion Rate Adjustments” and “Description of the Notes —Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event.” An adjustment to the conversion rate will result in a corresponding (but inverse) adjustment to the conversion price.

 

 

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Increase to Conversion Rate Following a Make-Whole Adjustment Event

   If certain corporate events as described under “Description of the Notes—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event” occur at any time prior to the stated maturity date, each of which we refer to as a “make-whole adjustment event,” the conversion rate for any notes converted following such make-whole adjustment event will, in certain circumstances and for a limited period of time, be increased by a number of additional shares of our common stock. A description of how the number of additional shares will be determined and a table showing the number of additional shares of our common stock, if any, by which the conversion rate will be increased following a make-whole adjustment event is set forth under “Description of the Notes—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event.”

Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change

   Holders may require us to purchase for cash all or any portion of their notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change at the fundamental change purchase price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes being purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change purchase date. For the definition of “fundamental change” and related information, see “Description of the Notes—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change.”

Use of Proceeds

   We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering, after deducting estimated expenses payable by us and the underwriting discount, will be approximately $217,550,000 (or $250,287,500 if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional notes in full).
   We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital, including the further development and potential commercialization of our product candidates, and other general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to invest in complementary products, technologies or businesses. Pending these uses, we intend to invest the net proceeds from this offering primarily in investment-grade, interest-bearing instruments.

Trading

   We do not intend to apply to list the notes on any securities exchange or for inclusion of the notes on any automated dealer quotation system. Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “MDVN.”

Risk Factors

   See the information under the caption “Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement and the other information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement for a discussion of factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in the notes.

Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations

   You should consult your tax advisor with respect to the United States federal income tax consequences of owning the notes and any

 

 

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   common stock into which the notes may be converted in light of your own particular situation and with respect to any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local, foreign or other taxing jurisdiction. See “Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

Trustee, Paying Agent and Conversion Agent

   Wells Fargo Bank, National Association

Global Notes; Book-Entry Form

   The notes will be issued in book-entry form and will be represented by global certificates deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) and registered in the name of a nominee of DTC. Beneficial interests in any of the notes will be shown on, and transfers will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC or its nominee and any such interest may not be exchanged for certificated securities, except in limited circumstances.

 

 

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SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

The following is a summary of our historical consolidated financial data for the years ended and on the dates indicated below. The historical consolidated financial data for the years ended and as of December 31, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2007 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The information below is not necessarily indicative of results of future operations, and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained in our annual report, quarterly reports and other information we file with the SEC that is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement to fully understand factors that may affect the comparability of the information presented below.

 

     Years Ended December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  
     (in thousands, except per share data)  

Consolidated Statements of Operations Data:

          

Collaboration revenue

   $ 60,389      $ 62,508      $ 69,254      $ 12,578      $ —     

Operating expenses:

          

Research and development

     73,432        72,228        87,728        54,895        23,399   

Selling, general and administrative

     29,887        23,005        28,983        21,865        10,364   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     103,319        95,233        116,711        76,760        33,763   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loss from operations

     (42,930     (32,725     (47,457     (64,182     (33,763

Other (expense) income, net

     (242 )     260        976        1,712        2,022   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss before income tax (benefit) expense

     (43,172     (32,465     (46,481     (62,470     (31,741

Income tax (benefit) expense

     (4,331 )     1,572        8,272        (10 )     2   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net loss

   $ (38,841   $ (34,037   $ (54,753   $ (62,460   $ (31,743
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Basic and diluted net loss per common share

   $ (1.11   $ (0.99   $ (1.71   $ (2.12   $ (1.14
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Weighted-average common shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per common share

     34,960        34,290        32,094        29,478        27,932   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
     December 31,  
     2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  
     (in thousands)   

Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 70,136      $ 107,717      $ 57,463      $ 71,454      $ 43,258   

Short-term investments

     74,996        100,039        220,781        149,968        —     

Working capital

     78,555        148,037        189,813        149,584        40,214   

Total assets

     175,117        239,603        296,690        229,272        45,596   

Deferred revenue

     143,271        200,660        253,168        212,423        —     

Accumulated deficit

     (250,291 )     (211,450     (177,413     (122,660     (60,200

Total stockholders’ equity

     1,321        7,684        25,274        3,408        41,058   

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in the notes involves a high degree of risk. In addition, our business faces significant risks. Before deciding whether to invest, you should carefully consider the risk factors described below and in any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering. If any of the events or circumstances described in the following risks actually occurs, our business may suffer and our financial condition or results of operations could be harmed. As a result, you could lose all or part of your investment. Additional risks and uncertainties that are not yet identified or that we think are immaterial may also materially harm our business, operating results and financial condition and could result in a complete loss of your investment.

Risks Related to the Notes

Our significant level of indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under the notes.

After the completion of this offering we will have a significant amount of indebtedness. We may also incur additional indebtedness to meet future financing needs.

Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences for your investment in the notes and significant effects on our business, results of operation and financial condition. For example, it could:

 

   

make it more difficult for us to satisfy our financial obligations, including with respect to the notes;

 

   

increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic, industry and competitive conditions;

 

   

reduce the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures and other fund working capital because we will be required to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to the payment of principal and interest on our indebtedness;

 

   

limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;

 

   

prevent us from raising funds necessary to purchase the notes following a fundamental change;

 

   

place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that are less highly leveraged and that, therefore, may be able to take advantage of opportunities that our leverage prevents us from exploiting; and

 

   

limit our ability to obtain additional financing.

Each of these factors may have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition and viability. Our ability to make payments with respect to the notes and to satisfy any other debt obligations will depend on our future operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions and financial, business and other factors affecting our company and industry, many of which are beyond our control.

The notes are effectively subordinated to any secured debt we may incur in the future and structurally subordinated to any liabilities of our subsidiaries.

The notes will rank senior in right of payment to any of our future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the notes; equal in right of payment to any of our future indebtedness and other liabilities of ours that are not so subordinated; junior in right of payment to any of our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all future indebtedness incurred by our subsidiaries and their other liabilities (including trade payables). In the event of our

 

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bankruptcy, liquidation, reorganization or other winding up, our assets that secure debt ranking senior or equal in right of payment to the notes will be available to pay obligations on the notes only after the secured debt has been repaid in full from these assets. There may not be sufficient assets remaining to pay amounts due on any or all of the notes then outstanding. The indenture governing the notes will not prohibit us from incurring additional senior debt or secured debt, nor will it prohibit any of our subsidiaries from incurring additional liabilities.

As of December 31, 2011, we did not have any consolidated indebtedness. After giving effect to the issuance of the notes (assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional notes) and the use of proceeds therefrom, our total consolidated indebtedness would have been $225.0 million.

The notes are our obligations only, and a significant portion of our operations are conducted through, and a significant portion of our consolidated assets are held by, our subsidiaries.

The notes are our obligations exclusively and are not guaranteed by any of our operating subsidiaries. A substantial portion of our consolidated assets are held by our subsidiaries. Accordingly, our ability to service our debt, including the notes, depends on the results of operations of our subsidiaries and upon the ability of such subsidiaries to provide us with cash, whether in the form of dividends, loans or otherwise, to pay amounts due on our obligations, including the notes. Our subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to make payments on the notes or to make any funds available for that purpose. In addition, dividends, loans or other distributions to us from such subsidiaries may be subject to contractual and other restrictions and are subject to other business considerations.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt service and other obligations, including the notes, due to events beyond our control.

Our ability to generate cash flows from operations and to make scheduled payments on or refinance our indebtedness, including the notes, and to fund working capital needs and planned capital expenditures will depend on our future financial performance and our ability to generate cash in the future. Our future financial performance will be affected by a range of economic, financial, competitive, business and other factors that we cannot control, such as the regulatory environment in which we operate, general economic and financial conditions or other risks summarized here. Our inability to execute our strategy in a timely manner could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, including our ability to generate positive cash flow in the future and our ability to service our debt and other obligations, including the notes. If we are unable to service our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs, we may be forced to take actions such as reducing or delaying capital expenditures, selling assets, restructuring or refinancing our indebtedness, seeking additional capital, or any combination of the foregoing. If we raise additional debt, it would increase our interest expense, leverage and operating and financial costs. We cannot assure you that any of these actions could be effected on satisfactory terms, if at all, or that they would yield sufficient funds to make required payments on the notes and any other indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. In addition, the terms of existing or future debt agreements, including the indenture governing the notes, may restrict us from adopting any of these alternatives. We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flows from operations or that future borrowings will be available in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness, including these notes, or to fund our other liquidity needs. The failure to generate sufficient cash flow or to effect any of these alternatives could significantly adversely affect the value of the notes and our ability to pay amounts due under the notes.

On or after April 6, 2015, subject to certain conditions, we may redeem any or all of the notes, and upon any redemption of your notes or any conversion of your notes in connection with a redemption, you will not receive any “make whole” cash or shares or other compensation for future interest payments or lost time value of your notes.

On or after April 6, 2015, if the closing sale price of our common stock for 20 or more trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the date we provide the

 

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notice of redemption exceeds 130% of the conversion price in effect on each such trading day, subject to certain limited exceptions, we may redeem any or all of the notes. The redemption price will equal 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. If we call any notes for redemption, you may convert your notes at any time until the close of business on the second business day preceding the redemption date. Upon any such conversion or redemption, we will not be required to pay any “make whole” cash or shares or otherwise compensate you in any way for any future interest payments that you would have otherwise received or any other lost time value of your notes. In addition, if the conditions for redemption are otherwise met, we could redeem the notes in advance of an event that would otherwise be a make-whole adjustment event, in which case you would not have the ability to convert the notes in connection with such make-whole adjustment event and would not get the benefit of any make-whole adjustment.

Recent regulatory actions may adversely affect the trading price and liquidity of the notes.

We expect that many investors in, and potential purchasers of, the notes will employ, or seek to employ, a convertible arbitrage strategy with respect to the notes. Investors that employ a convertible arbitrage strategy with respect to convertible debt instruments typically implement that strategy by selling short the common stock underlying the convertible notes and dynamically adjusting their short position while they hold the notes. Investors may also implement this strategy by entering into swaps on our common stock in lieu of or in addition to short selling the common stock. As a result, any specific rules regulating equity swaps or short selling of securities or other governmental action that interferes with the ability of market participants to effect short sales or equity swaps with respect to our common stock could adversely affect the ability of investors in, or potential purchasers of, the notes to conduct the convertible arbitrage strategy that we believe they will employ, or seek to employ, with respect to the notes. This could, in turn, adversely affect the trading price and liquidity of the notes.

The SEC and other regulatory and self-regulatory authorities have implemented various rules and may adopt additional rules in the future that may impact those engaging in short selling activity involving equity securities (including our common stock). In particular, Rule 201 of SEC Regulation SHO generally restricts short selling when the price of a “covered security” triggers a “circuit breaker” by falling 10% or more from the security’s closing price as of the end of regular trading hours on the prior day. If this circuit breaker is triggered, short sale orders can be displayed or executed only if the order price is above the current national best bid, subject to certain limited exceptions. Because our common stock is a “covered security,” these Rule 201 restrictions, if triggered, may interfere with the ability of investors in, and potential purchasers of, the notes, to effect short sales in our common stock and conduct the convertible arbitrage strategy that we believe they will employ, or seek to employ, with respect to the notes.

The SEC also approved a pilot program allowing securities exchanges and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”) to halt trading in securities included in the S&P 500 Index, Russell 1000 Index and over 300 exchange traded funds if the price of any such security moves 10% or more from a sale price in a five-minute period (the “SRO pilot program”). Beginning on August 8, 2011, the SRO pilot program was expanded to include all other NMS stocks, and imposes a trading halt in these additional stocks in the event of any price movement of 30% or 50% (or more), depending upon the trading price of the stock. Beginning on November 23, 2011, the SRO pilot program was amended to exclude all rights and warrants from the trading halt. The SRO pilot program is effective until July 31, 2012.

In addition, FINRA and exchanges have proposed a “Limit Up-Limit Down” mechanism. If approved by the SEC, FINRA and exchanges would establish procedures to prevent trading in stock covered by the mechanism outside of specific price bands during regular trading hours. If trading is unable to occur within those price bands for more than 15 seconds, there would be a five-minute trading pause. The SEC has not yet determined whether to approve the Limit Up-Limit Down proposal.

The enactment of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act on July 21, 2010 also introduces regulatory uncertainty that may impact trading activities relevant to the convertible notes. This new

 

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legislation will require many over-the-counter swaps and security-based swaps to be centrally cleared through regulated clearinghouses and traded on exchanges or comparable trading facilities. In addition, swap dealers, security-based swap dealers, major swap participants and major security-based swap participants will be required to comply with margin and capital requirements as well as public reporting requirements to provide transaction and pricing data on both cleared and uncleared swaps. These requirements could adversely affect the ability of investors in, or potential purchasers of, the notes to maintain a convertible arbitrage strategy with respect to the notes (including increasing the costs incurred by such investors in implementing such strategy). This could, in turn, adversely affect the trading price and liquidity of the notes. The implementation dates for these requirements are subject to regulatory action and at this time cannot be determined with certainty. We cannot predict how this legislation will ultimately be implemented by the SEC and other regulators or the magnitude of the effect that this legislation will have on the trading price or liquidity of the notes.

Although the direction and magnitude of the effect that the amendments to Regulation SHO, FINRA and securities exchange rule changes and/or implementation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act may have on the trading price and the liquidity of the notes will depend on a variety of factors, many of which cannot be determined at this time, past regulatory actions have had a significant impact on the trading prices and liquidity of convertible debt instruments. For example, in September 2008, the SEC issued emergency orders generally prohibiting short sales of the common stock of certain financial services companies while Congress worked to provide a comprehensive legislative plan to stabilize the credit and capital markets. The orders made the convertible arbitrage strategy that many convertible debt investors employ difficult to execute and adversely affected both the liquidity and trading price of convertible debt instruments issued by many of the financial services companies subject to the prohibition. Any governmental action that similarly restricts the ability of investors in, or potential purchasers of, the notes to effect short sales of our common stock, including the amendments to Regulation SHO, FINRA and exchange rule changes and the implementation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, could similarly adversely affect the trading price and the liquidity of the notes.

We will continue to have the ability to incur debt after this offering; if we incur substantial additional debt, these higher levels of debt may affect our ability to pay the principal of and interest on the notes.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional debt in the future, some of which may be secured debt. The indenture governing the notes does not restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness or require us to maintain financial ratios or specified levels of net worth or liquidity. If we incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future, these higher levels of indebtedness may affect our ability to pay the principal of and interest on the notes, or any fundamental change purchase price or any cash due upon conversion, and our creditworthiness generally.

Our management will have broad discretion in how we use the net proceeds of this offering.

Other than as described under “Use of Proceeds” in this prospectus supplement, we have not determined the specific allocation of the net proceeds from this offering of notes. Our management will have broad discretion over the use and investment of the net proceeds, and, accordingly, investors in this offering will need to rely upon the judgment of our management with respect to the use of proceeds, with only limited information concerning management’s specific intentions. Our management may spend a portion or all of the new proceeds in ways that holders of the notes or our common stock may not desire or that may not yield a favorable return. The failure of our management to apply the net proceeds from this offering effectively could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The adjustment to the conversion rate for notes converted in connection with a make-whole adjustment event may not adequately compensate you for any lost value of your notes as a result of such transaction.

Following a make-whole adjustment event, if a holder elects to convert its notes in connection with such corporate transaction, we will increase the conversion rate by an additional number of shares of our common stock upon conversion in certain circumstances. The increase in the conversion rate will be determined based on

 

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the date on which the make-whole adjustment event occurs or becomes effective and the price paid (or deemed to be paid) per share of our common stock in the make-whole adjustment event, as described below under “Description of the Notes—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event.” The adjustment to the conversion rate for notes converted in connection with a make-whole adjustment event may not adequately compensate you for any lost value of your notes as a result of such transaction. In addition, if the price paid (or deemed to be paid) per share of our common stock in the make-whole adjustment event is greater than $200.00 per share or less than $71.41 per share (in each case, subject to adjustment), no increase in the conversion rate will be made.

Our obligation to increase the applicable conversion rate upon the occurrence of a make-whole adjustment event could be considered a penalty, in which case the enforceability thereof would be subject to general principles of reasonableness and equitable remedies.

We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to settle conversions of the notes or purchase the notes as required upon a fundamental change, and our future debt may contain limitations on our ability to pay cash upon conversion or repurchase of the notes.

Following a fundamental change as described under “Description of the Notes—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change,” holders of notes will have the right to require us to purchase their notes for cash. A fundamental change may also constitute an event of default or prepayment under, and result in the acceleration of the maturity of, our then-existing indebtedness. In addition, upon conversion of the notes, unless we settle our conversion obligation in solely shares of our common stock (other than cash in lieu of any fractional share), we will be required to make cash payments in respect of the notes being surrendered for conversion as described under “Description of the Notes—Conversion of Notes—Settlement upon Conversion.” We may, at any time prior to the final settlement method election date, irrevocably elect to satisfy our conversion obligation with respect to each subsequent conversion date in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, if any, with a specified dollar amount of $1,000, in which case we will no longer be permitted to settle the principal portion of any converted notes in shares of our common stock. We cannot assure you that we will have sufficient financial resources, or will be able to arrange financing, to pay the fundamental change purchase price in cash with respect to any notes surrendered by holders for purchase upon a fundamental change or make cash payments upon conversions. In addition, restrictions in our then existing credit facilities or other indebtedness, if any, may not allow us to purchase the notes upon a fundamental change or make cash payments upon conversions of the notes. Our failure to purchase the notes upon a fundamental change or make cash payments upon conversions thereof when required would result in an event of default with respect to the notes which could, in turn, constitute a default under the terms of our other indebtedness, if any. If the repayment of the related indebtedness were to be accelerated after any applicable notice or grace periods, we may not have sufficient funds to repay the indebtedness and purchase the notes or make cash payments upon conversions thereof.

Some significant restructuring transactions may not constitute a fundamental change, in which case we would not be obligated to offer to purchase the notes.

Upon the occurrence of a fundamental change, you have the right to require us to purchase your notes. However, the fundamental change provisions will not afford protection to holders of notes in the event of certain transactions that could adversely affect the notes. For example, transactions such as leveraged recapitalizations, refinancings, restructurings or acquisitions initiated by us would not constitute a fundamental change requiring us to repurchase the notes. In the event of any such transaction, holders of the notes would not have the right to require us to purchase their notes, even though each of these transactions could increase the amount of our indebtedness, or otherwise adversely affect our capital structure or any credit ratings, thereby adversely affecting holders of the notes.

 

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The conditional conversion feature of the notes could result in your receiving less than the consideration into which the notes would otherwise be convertible.

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding January 1, 2017, you may convert your notes only if specified conditions are met. If the specific conditions for conversion are not met, you will not be able to convert your notes, and you may not be able to receive the consideration into which the notes would otherwise be convertible.

The conditional conversion feature of the notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.

In the event the conditional conversion feature of the notes is triggered, holders of notes will be entitled to convert their notes at any time during specified periods at their option. See “Description of the Notes—Conversion of Notes.” If one or more holders elect to convert their notes, unless we satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than cash in lieu of any fractional share), we would be required to settle all or a portion of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity. We may, at any time prior to the final settlement method election date, irrevocably elect to satisfy our conversion obligation with respect to each subsequent conversion date in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, if any, with a specified dollar amount of $1,000, in which case we will no longer be permitted to settle the principal portion of any converted notes in shares of our common stock. In addition, even if holders do not elect to convert their notes, we could be required under applicable accounting rules to reclassify all or a portion of the outstanding principal of the notes as a current rather than long-term liability, which would result in a material reduction of our net working capital.

The accounting method for convertible debt securities that may be settled in cash, such as the notes, is the subject of recent changes that could have a material effect on our reported financial results.

In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, which we refer to as FASB, issued FASB Staff Position No. APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash Upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement), which has subsequently been codified as Accounting Standards Codification 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options, which we refer to as ASC 470-20. Under ASC 470-20, an entity must separately account for the liability and equity components of the convertible debt instruments (such as the notes) that may be settled entirely or partially in cash upon conversion in a manner that reflects the issuer’s economic interest cost. The effect of ASC 470-20 on the accounting for the notes is that the equity component is required to be included in the additional paid-in capital section of stockholders’ equity on our consolidated balance sheet and the value of the equity component would be treated as original issue discount for purposes of accounting for the debt component of the notes. As a result, we will be required to record a greater amount of non-cash interest expense in current periods presented as a result of the amortization of the discounted carrying value of the notes to their face amount over the term of the notes. We will report lower net income in our financial results because ASC 470-20 will require interest to include both the current period’s amortization of the debt discount and the instrument’s coupon interest, which could adversely affect our reported or future financial results, the market price of our common stock and the trading price of the notes.

In addition, under certain circumstances, convertible debt instruments (such as the notes) that may be settled entirely or partly in cash are currently accounted for utilizing the treasury stock method, the effect of which is that the shares issuable upon conversion of the notes are not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share except to the extent that the conversion value of the notes exceeds their principal amount. Under the treasury stock method, for diluted earnings per share purposes, the transaction is accounted for as if the number of shares of common stock that would be necessary to settle such excess, if we elected to settle such excess in shares, are issued. We cannot be sure that the accounting standards in the future will continue to permit the use of the treasury stock method. If we are unable to use the treasury stock method in accounting for the shares issuable upon conversion of the notes, then our diluted earnings per share would be adversely affected.

 

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The notes may not have an active market, and the price may be volatile, so you may be unable to sell your notes at the price you desire or at all.

The notes are a new issue of securities for which there is currently no active trading market. We cannot assure you that a liquid market will develop for the notes, that you will be able to sell any of the notes at a particular time (if at all) or that the prices you receive if or when you sell the notes will be above their initial offering price. In addition, we do not intend to apply to list the notes on any securities exchange or for inclusion of the notes on any automated dealer quotation system. The underwriters have advised us that they intend to make a market in the notes, but they are not obligated to do so and may discontinue any market-making in the notes at any time in their sole discretion and without notice. Future trading prices of the notes on any market that may develop will depend on many factors, including our operating performance and financial condition, prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities and general economic conditions.

Moreover, even if you are able to sell your notes, you may not receive a favorable price for your notes. Future trading prices of the notes will depend on many factors, including, among other things, prevailing interest rates, our operating results, the price of our common stock and the market for similar securities. Historically, the market for convertible debt has been subject to disruptions that have caused volatility in prices. It is possible that the market for the notes will be subject to disruptions that may have a negative effect on the holders of the notes, regardless of our prospects or financial performance.

Any adverse rating of the notes may negatively affect the trading price and liquidity of the notes and the price of our common stock.

We do not intend to seek a rating on the notes. However, if a rating service were to rate the notes and if such rating service were to assign the notes a rating lower than the rating expected by investors or were to lower its rating on the notes below the rating initially assigned to the notes or otherwise announce its intention to put the notes on credit watch, the trading price or liquidity of the notes and the price of our common stock could decline.

The conversion rate of the notes may not be adjusted for all dilutive events.

The conversion rate of the notes is subject to adjustment for certain events, including, but not limited to, the issuance of stock dividends on our common stock, the issuance of certain rights, options or warrants to acquire shares of our common stock, subdivisions and combinations of our common stock, dividends on our common stock of our capital stock, evidences of our indebtedness or other assets or property of ours, certain cash dividends on our common stock and certain issuer tender or exchange offers as described under “Description of the Notes—Conversion of Notes—Conversion Rate Adjustments.” However, the conversion rate will not be adjusted for other events, such as a third-party tender or exchange offer or an issuance of common stock for cash, that may adversely affect the trading price of the notes or the common stock. An event that adversely affects the value of the notes may occur, and that event may not result in an adjustment to the conversion rate.

The notes are not protected by restrictive covenants.

The indenture governing the notes will not contain any financial or operating covenants or restrictions on the payment of dividends, the incurrence of indebtedness or the issuance or repurchase of securities by us or any of our subsidiaries or other provisions to afford holders protection in the event of a transaction that substantially increases the level of our indebtedness. The indenture will not contain covenants or other provisions to afford protection to holders of the notes in the event of a fundamental change except as described under “Description of the Notes—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change” and “Description of the Notes—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event.” We could engage in many types of transactions, such as acquisitions, refinancings or recapitalizations, that could substantially affect our capital structure and the value of the notes and shares of our common stock but may not constitute a fundamental change that permits holders to require us to purchase their notes or a make-whole adjustment event

 

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that would require an increase in the conversion rate for notes converted in connection therewith. Because your right to require us to repurchase the notes is limited, the market price of the notes may decline if we enter into a transaction that is not a fundamental change under the indenture.

To the extent we issue shares of our common stock to satisfy all or a portion of our conversion obligation, conversions of the notes will dilute the ownership interest of our existing stockholders, including holders who had previously converted their notes.

To the extent we issue shares of our common stock to satisfy all or a portion of our conversion obligation, the conversion of some or all of the notes will dilute the ownership interests of our existing stockholders. Any sales in the public market of our common stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock. In addition, the existence of the notes may encourage short selling by market participants because the conversion of the notes could depress the price of our common stock.

If you hold notes, you are not entitled to any rights with respect to our common stock, but you are subject to all changes made with respect to our common stock to the extent our conversion obligation includes shares of our common stock.

To the extent we issue shares of our common stock to satisfy all or a portion of our conversion obligation, holders who convert their notes will not be entitled to any rights with respect to our common stock (including, without limitation, voting rights and rights to receive any dividends or other distributions on our common stock) until the conversion date relating to such notes (if we have elected to settle the relevant conversion by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than cash in lieu of any fractional share)) or the last trading day of the relevant conversion period (if we elect to pay and deliver, as the case may be, a combination of cash and shares of our common stock in respect of the relevant conversion), but holders of notes will be subject to all changes affecting our common stock. For example, if an amendment is proposed to our certificate of incorporation or by-laws requiring stockholder approval and the record date for determining the stockholders of record entitled to vote on the amendment occurs prior to the conversion date related to a holder’s conversion of its notes (if we have elected to settle the relevant conversion by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than cash in lieu of any fractional share)) or the close of business on the last trading day of the conversion period related to a holder’s conversion of its notes (if we elect to pay and deliver, as the case may be, a combination of cash and shares of our common stock in respect of the relevant conversion), such holder will not be entitled to vote on the amendment, although such holder will nevertheless be subject to any changes affecting our common stock.

Upon conversion of the notes, you may receive less valuable consideration than expected because the value of our common stock may decline after you exercise your conversion right but before we settle our conversion obligation.

Under the notes, a converting holder will be exposed to fluctuations in the value of our common stock during the period from the date such holder surrenders notes for conversion until the date we settle our conversion obligation.

Upon conversion of the notes, we have the option to pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. If we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation in cash or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, the amount of consideration that you will receive upon conversion of your notes will be determined by reference to the volume-weighted average prices of our common stock for each trading day in a 20 trading-day conversion period. As described under “Description of the Notes—Conversion of Notes—Settlement upon Conversion,” this period would be (i) if the relevant conversion date occurs prior to the 25th scheduled trading day prior to the maturity date and does not occur during a redemption period, as defined under “Description of the Notes—Conversion of Notes—Settlement upon Conversion,” the 20 consecutive trading-day period beginning on, and including, the third trading day after such conversion date; (ii) if the relevant conversion date occurs during a redemption period, the

 

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20 consecutive trading day period beginning on and including the 22nd scheduled trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; and (iii) if the relevant conversion date occurs on or after the 25th scheduled trading day prior to the maturity date and does not occur during a redemption period, the 20 consecutive trading days beginning on, and including, the 22nd scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. Accordingly, if the price of our common stock decreases during this period, the amount and/or value of consideration you receive will be adversely affected. In addition, if the market price of our common stock at the end of such period is below the average of the volume-weighted average price of our common stock during such period, the value of any shares of our common stock that you will receive in satisfaction of our conversion obligation will be less than the value used to determine the number of shares that you will receive.

If we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation in solely shares of our common stock upon conversion of the notes (other than cash in lieu of any fractional share), we will be required to deliver the shares of our common stock, together with cash for any fractional share, on the third business day following the relevant conversion date. Accordingly, if the price of our common stock decreases during this period, the value of the shares that you receive will be adversely affected and would be less than the conversion value of the notes on the conversion date.

The fundamental change purchase feature of the notes may delay or prevent an otherwise beneficial attempt to take over our company.

The terms of the notes require us to offer to purchase the notes for cash in the event of a fundamental change. A non-stock takeover of our company may trigger the requirement that we purchase the notes. This feature may have the effect of delaying or preventing a takeover of our company that would otherwise be beneficial to investors.

You may be subject to tax if we make or fail to make certain adjustments to the conversion rate of the notes even though you do not receive a corresponding cash distribution.

The conversion rate of the notes is subject to adjustment for certain events arising from stock splits and combinations, stock dividends and other actions by us that modify our capital structure. See “Description of the NotesConversion of NotesConversion Rate Adjustments.” If the conversion rate is adjusted as a result of a distribution that is taxable to our common stockholders, such as a cash dividend, you may be deemed to have received a dividend subject to U.S. federal income tax without the receipt of any cash. In addition, a failure to adjust (or to adjust adequately) the conversion rate after an event that increases your proportionate interest in us could be treated as a deemed taxable dividend to you. If a make-whole adjustment event occurs on or prior to the business day immediately preceding the maturity date of the notes, under some circumstances, we will increase the conversion rate for notes converted in connection with the make-whole adjustment event. Such increase may also be treated as a distribution subject to U.S. federal income tax as a dividend. See “Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations.” If you are a Non-U.S. Holder (as defined in “Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations”), any deemed dividend would be subject to U.S. federal withholding tax at a 30% rate, or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable treaty, which may be withheld from subsequent payments on the notes. See “Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations.”

Risks Related to Our Business

We have incurred net losses since inception, expect to incur additional losses in the future as we continue our development activities and may never achieve sustained revenues or profitability.

Our only revenue to date has been collaboration revenue under our collaboration agreement with Astellas and our former collaboration agreement with Pfizer. MDV3100 has not received marketing approval, and we do not know when or if it will receive marketing approval or become commercially available. We have incurred losses since inception and expect to continue to incur substantial additional losses for the foreseeable future as

 

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we continue to finance clinical and preclinical studies of MDV3100 and potential future product candidates, potential launch costs of MDV3100 should that agent receive marketing approval, and our corporate overhead costs. Our operating losses have had, and will continue to have, an adverse impact on our working capital, total assets and stockholders’ equity. We do not know when or if we will ever generate any additional revenue, including any milestone payments, profit sharing payments or royalty payments under our collaboration agreement with Astellas, or become cash-flow positive, because of the significant uncertainties with respect to our ability to generate product revenue from, and obtain approval from the FDA, or comparable foreign regulatory authorities for, MDV3100 or future product candidates.

Because we depend on financing from third parties for our operations, our business may fail if such financing becomes unavailable or is offered on commercially unreasonable terms.

To date, we have financed our operations primarily through private and public offerings of our common stock and from up-front, development milestone and cost-sharing payments received pursuant to our collaboration agreement with Astellas and our former collaboration agreement with Pfizer. As of December 31, 2011 we had cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaling $145.1 million available to fund our operations. Based upon our current expectations, we believe our capital resources at December 31, 2011, together with the anticipated net proceeds from this offering, will be sufficient to fund our currently planned operations for at least the next 12 months. This estimate is based on a number of assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments earlier than presently anticipated. We may be required or choose to seek additional capital to expand our clinical development activities for MDV3100 based on the positive results of our Phase 3 AFFIRM trial in post-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer patients, to fund costs of planning for and executing a commercial launch of MDV3100, should it receive marketing approval, if we face challenges or delays in connection with our clinical trials or the potential approval and commercialization of MDV3100, or to maintain minimum cash balances that we deem reasonable and prudent. In addition, we intend to evaluate the capital markets from time to time to determine whether to raise additional capital in the form of equity, convertible debt or otherwise, depending on market conditions relative to our need for funds at such time, and we may seek to raise additional capital at any time should we conclude that such capital is available on terms that we consider to be in the best interests of our company and our stockholders.

We have incurred losses since inception and expect to continue to incur substantial additional losses for the foreseeable future as we pursue regulatory approval for, and, if approved, commercial launch of, MDV3100 and continue to finance clinical and preclinical studies of MDV3100 and potential future product candidates and our corporate overhead costs. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including without limitation:

 

   

potential launch costs of MDV3100, should that agent receive marketing approval for post-chemotherapy patients;

 

   

the timing and magnitude of any potential sales of MDV3100, should that agent receive marketing approval for post-chemotherapy patients;

 

   

whether any changes are made to the scope of our ongoing clinical development activities;

 

   

the scope and results of our and our collaboration partner’s preclinical and clinical trials;

 

   

whether we experience delays in our preclinical and clinical development programs, including potential delays in recruiting, or inability to recruit, patients into our ongoing PREVAIL trial of MDV3100 in pre-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer as a result of the availability of Zytiga (abiraterone acetate), which was approved by the FDA in April 2011 for post-chemotherapy patients, or other investigational and approved prostate cancer therapies, including MDV3100 itself should that agent be approved to treat post-chemotherapy patients, or slower than anticipated product development;

 

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whether opportunities to acquire additional product candidates arise and the timing and costs of acquiring and developing those product candidates;

 

   

whether we are able to enter into additional third-party collaborative partnerships to develop and/or commercialize potential future product candidates on terms, including development cost share terms, that are acceptable to us;

 

   

the timing and requirements of, and the costs involved in, conducting studies required to obtain regulatory approvals for MDV3100 or potential future product candidates from the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory agencies;

 

   

the availability of third parties to perform the key development tasks for MDV3100 and potential future product candidates, including conducting preclinical and clinical studies and manufacturing our product candidates to be tested in those studies, and the associated costs of those services;

 

   

expenses associated with the pending purported securities class action lawsuits, as well as any other litigation;

 

   

the costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining, defending the validity of and enforcing patent claims and other costs related to patent rights and other intellectual property rights, including litigation costs and the results of such litigation; and

 

   

interest payments and potential cash conversion of the notes.

Our current view of the worldwide capital markets is that they are extremely volatile with limited accessibility, and many biotechnology companies have had limited or no success in obtaining funding in this environment. Continuation of this challenging market climate may significantly limit our ability to raise funds, and there can be no assurance we will be able to raise additional funds on acceptable terms or at all. If we are unable to raise additional funds when needed, we could be required to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our development programs and other operations. We may seek to raise additional funds through public or private financing or other arrangements. Any additional equity financing would be dilutive to stockholders, and debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants. Our failure to raise capital when needed may harm our business and operating results.

Even if we receive regulatory approval of MDV3100 or any potential future product candidates, which we may never do, we must successfully commercialize such products before we can become profitable. It is not unusual for new pharmaceutical products to be commercially unsuccessful or achieve a lower than expected level of commercial success. We expect to incur substantial expenses associated with our commercialization efforts even prior to obtaining regulatory approval of such product candidates, including MDV3100, as well as thereafter. We may never generate significant revenues and, even if we do generate revenues, the magnitude of those revenues may never be sufficient for us to achieve or sustain profitability.

As we evolve from a company primarily involved in research and development to a company also potentially involved in commercialization, we may encounter difficulties in managing our growth and expanding our operations successfully.

Although certain of our employees have commercialization experience, as a company we currently have only limited commercial capabilities. To be prepared to perform our co-promotion activities for MDV3100, should it be approved in the U.S., we will need to expand our organization substantially, including marketing and sales capabilities or contract with third parties to provide these capabilities for us, which will be expensive and time consuming. Any failure or delay in the development of our internal commercial capabilities would adversely impact the commercialization of MDV3100 in the event it receives regulatory approval. If we are not successful in commercializing MDV3100 or potential future product candidates in the event they receive regulatory approval, our future product revenue will suffer and we may incur significant additional losses.

 

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As our operations expand, we expect that we will need to manage additional relationships with various collaborative partners, suppliers and other third parties. Future growth will impose significant added responsibilities on members of management. Our future financial performance and our ability to commercialize MDV3100 and to compete effectively will depend, in part, on our ability to manage any future growth effectively. To that end, we must be able to manage our development efforts effectively, and hire, train and integrate additional management, administrative and sales and marketing personnel. We may not be able to accomplish these tasks, and our failure to accomplish any of them could prevent us from successfully growing our company.

Our business strategy depends on our ability to identify and acquire additional product candidates which we may never acquire or identify for reasons that may not be in our control, or are otherwise unforeseen or unforeseeable to us.

A key component of our business strategy is to diversify our product development risk by identifying and acquiring new product opportunities for development. However, we may not be able to identify promising new technologies. In addition, the competition to acquire promising biomedical technologies is fierce, and many of our competitors are large, multinational pharmaceutical, biotechnology and medical device companies with considerably more financial, development and commercialization resources and experience than we have. Thus, even if we succeed in identifying promising technologies, we may not be able to acquire rights to them on acceptable terms or at all. If we are unable to identify and acquire new technologies, we will be unable to diversify our product risk. We believe that any such failure would have a significant negative impact on our prospects because the risk of failure of any particular development program in the pharmaceutical industry is high.

Because we depend on our management to oversee the execution of development plans for MDV3100 and to identify and acquire promising new product candidates, the loss of any of our executive officers would harm our business.

Our future success depends upon the continued services of our executive officers. We are particularly dependent on the continued services of David Hung, M.D., our president and chief executive officer and a member of our board of directors. Dr. Hung identified MDV3100 for acquisition and has primary responsibility for identifying and evaluating other potential product candidates. We believe that Dr. Hung’s services in this capacity would be difficult to replace. None of our executive officers is bound by an employment agreement for any specific term, and they may terminate their employment at any time. In addition, we do not have “key person” life insurance policies covering any of our executive officers. The loss of the services of any of our executive officers could delay the development of MDV3100 and delay or preclude the identification and acquisition of new product candidates, either of which events could harm our business.

Our reliance on third parties for the operation of our business may result in material delays, cost overruns and/or quality deficiencies in our development programs.

We rely on outside vendors to perform key product development tasks, such as conducting preclinical and clinical studies and manufacturing our product candidates at appropriate scale for preclinical and clinical trials and, in situations where we are unable to transfer those responsibilities to a corporate partner, for commercial use as well. In order to manage our business successfully, we will need to identify, engage and properly manage qualified external vendors that will perform these development activities. For example, we need to monitor the activities of our vendors closely to ensure that they are performing their tasks correctly, on time, on budget and in compliance with strictly enforced regulatory standards. Our ability to identify and retain key vendors with the requisite knowledge is critical to our business and the failure to do so could negatively impact our business. Because all of our key vendors perform services for other clients in addition to us, we also need to ensure that they are appropriately prioritizing our projects. If we fail to manage our key vendors well, we could incur material delays, cost overruns or quality deficiencies in our development programs, as well as other material disruptions to our business.

 

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Risks Related to Our Product Development Candidates

Pharmaceutical product candidates require extensive, time-consuming and expensive preclinical and clinical testing to establish safety and efficacy. We may never attract additional partners for our technologies or receive marketing approval in any jurisdiction.

The research and development of pharmaceuticals is an extremely risky industry. Only a small percentage of product candidates that enter the development process ever receive marketing approval. MDV3100 is not currently approved for sale anywhere in the world, and it may never receive such approval. The process of conducting the preclinical and clinical testing required to establish safety and efficacy and obtain marketing approval is expensive and uncertain and takes many years. If we are unable to complete preclinical or clinical trials of MDV3100 or future product candidates, or if the results of these trials are not satisfactory to convince regulatory authorities or partners of their safety or efficacy, we will not be able to obtain marketing approval or attract additional partners for those product candidates. Furthermore, even if we or our partners are able to obtain marketing approvals for any of our product candidates, those approvals may be for indications that are not as broad as desired or may contain other limitations that would adversely affect our ability to generate revenue from sales of those products. If this occurs, our business will be materially harmed and our ability to generate revenue will be severely impaired.

Because our ongoing Phase 3 PREVAIL trial of MDV3100 in pre-chemotherapy patients has overall survival as a primary endpoint, the availability of approved and/or experimental agents that prolong survival, including the approved hormonal agent Zytiga (abiraterone acetate), the approved chemotherapy agents docetaxel and Jevtana (cabazitaxel), and the approved prostate cancer vaccine Provenge (sipuleucel-T), as well as the potential commercial availability of MDV3100 itself should it be approved for post-chemotherapy patients, may make it more difficult for our PREVAIL trial to succeed or may prevent it from succeeding, and could reduce the magnitude of any potential survival benefit that MDV3100 may demonstrate in PREVAIL even if that trial does succeed.

Our ongoing Phase 3 PREVAIL trial in pre-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer is attempting to demonstrate a statistically significant difference in survival between drug-treated and placebo-treated patients. Overall survival and progression-free survival are the co-primary endpoints in our ongoing PREVAIL trial. Patients participating in our PREVAIL trial may elect to leave the trial and switch to alternative treatments that are, or may in the future become, available to them commercially, such as Zytiga (abiraterone acetate), docetaxel, Jevtana (cabazitaxel), and Provenge (sipuleucel-T), or MDV3100 itself should it be approved for post-chemotherapy patients based on the positive results in the AFFIRM trial. Each of these alternative treatments has demonstrated statistically significant survival benefits of between two and one-half and five months in advanced prostate cancer patients and, except for MDV3100, is commercially available. Patients from our PREVAIL trial may be able to obtain commercial access to these alternative agents notwithstanding the fact that, other than Provenge (sipuleucel-T), none of them has been shown to prolong survival in pre-chemotherapy patients. However, Zytiga (abiraterone acetate) is being studied in an ongoing Phase 3 clinical trial evaluating its potential ability to prolong survival in pre-chemotherapy patients. In March 2012, the sponsor of that trial reported that it had unblinded the study based on a recommendation from the study’s independent data monitoring committee that evidence of clinical benefit and favorable safety had been observed. The independent data monitoring committee recommended that patients in the placebo arm be offered treatment with Zytiga (abiraterone acetate). The study sponsor reported that it intends to present the results of this study at an upcoming medical meeting. The survival of any patients who leave our PREVAIL trial to take an alternative treatment will continue to be included in the analysis of the trial. Any survival benefit conferred by these alternative treatments may have a negative impact on the results of our PREVAIL trial, particularly in the case of the one-half of all patients in our PREVAIL trial who were randomized to placebo. Patients in our PREVAIL trial are free to leave the trial at any time, and are free to take any alternative treatment once they have left the trial. We have no ability to control or influence either of these decisions. Use of other alternative life-prolonging treatments by patients leaving our PREVAIL trial could make it more difficult for the trial to succeed, could prevent it from succeeding, and could

 

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reduce any potential survival benefit that may be demonstrated even if it does succeed. Failure of our PREVAIL trial could have significant negative effects on us, including preventing us from obtaining marketing approval in pre-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer, which is a far larger commercial opportunity than post-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer, being required to conduct additional trials, or causing our partner Astellas to elect to terminate our collaboration agreement. Even if our PREVAIL trial succeeds, any negative impact on the survival benefit shown in that trial could reduce or eliminate MDV3100’s ability to compete effectively with other treatments that have shown longer survival benefits.

Enrollment and retention of patients in clinical trials is an expensive and time-consuming process, could be made more difficult or rendered impossible by multiple factors outside our control, including the availability of competing treatments or clinical trials of competing drugs for the same indication and the results of other studies of our product candidates in the same or other indications, and could result in significant delays, cost overruns, or both, in our product development activities, or in the failure of such activities.

We may encounter delays in enrolling, or be unable to enroll, a sufficient number of patients to complete any of our clinical trials, and even once enrolled we may be unable to retain a sufficient number of patients to complete any of our trials. Patient enrollment and retention in clinical trials depends on many factors, including the size of the patient population, the nature of the trial protocol, the existing body of safety and efficacy data with respect to the study drug, the number and nature of competing treatments and ongoing clinical trials of competing drugs for the same indication, the proximity of patients to clinical sites and the eligibility criteria for the study. For example, there are multiple ongoing Phase 3 trials competing with our ongoing PREVAIL trial to recruit pre-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer patients, including an ongoing Phase 3 trial of an investigational agent from Takeda Pharmaceuticals that operates by the same molecular mechanism of action as the approved drug Zytiga (abiraterone acetate). Furthermore, because patients in our PREVAIL trial have a 50% chance of being randomized to placebo, the availability of competing treatments may make it more difficult, or impossible, to complete enrollment in the PREVAIL trial. Such competing treatments include the approved hormonal agent Zytiga (abiraterone acetate), the approved chemotherapy agents Jevtana (cabazitaxel) and docetaxel, and the approved prostate cancer vaccine Provenge (sipuleucel-T), all of which have been shown to prolong overall survival in advanced prostate cancer patients. To date, Zytiga (abiraterone acetate) has been shown to prolong overall survival only in post-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer patients. However, Zytiga (abiraterone acetate) is being studied in an ongoing Phase 3 trial evaluating that drug’s potential ability to prolong overall survival in pre-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer patients, the same population being studied in our PREVAIL trial. In March 2012, the sponsor of that trial reported that it had unblinded the study based on a recommendation from the study’s independent data monitoring committee that evidence of clinical benefit and favorable safety had been observed. The independent data monitoring committee recommended that patients in the placebo arm be offered treatment with Zytiga (abiraterone acetate). The study sponsor reported that it intends to present the results of this study at an upcoming medical meeting. These results could make it more difficult or impossible for us to recruit or retain patients in our PREVAIL trial, as those patients may prefer to take Zytiga (abiraterone acetate) rather than participate in our PREVAIL trial. In addition, should MDV3100 receive marketing approval in post-chemotherapy patients based on the positive results in the AFFIRM trial, patients in our PREVAIL trial may elect to leave the study and attempt to receive MDV3100 commercially, despite the fact that MDV3100 has not been shown to prolong overall survival in pre-chemotherapy patients. Such development could make it more difficult or impossible for us to retain patients in our PREVAIL trial. Furthermore, any negative results we may report in clinical trials of MDV3100 or any potential future product candidates may make it difficult or impossible to recruit and retain patients in other clinical studies of that same product candidate. Delays or failures in planned patient enrollment and/or retention may result in increased costs, program delays or both, which could have a harmful effect on our ability to develop MDV3100 or any other product candidates, or could render further development impossible.

 

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Positive results from our AFFIRM trial in post-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer may not be predictive of results of our PREVAIL trial in pre-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer or any of our other ongoing and potential future clinical trials of MDV3100.

Product candidates in clinical trials, including Phase 3 clinical trials, often fail to show the desired safety and efficacy outcomes despite having progressed successfully through prior stages of preclinical and clinical testing. Even where we achieve positive results in clinical trials, subsequent clinical trials may fail, even if those subsequent trials are designed very similarly to their predecessors. Accordingly, despite the positive results from our Phase 3 AFFIRM trial of MDV3100 in post-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer, our ongoing Phase 3 PREVAIL trial in pre-chemotherapy advanced prostate cancer, our ongoing Phase 2 TERRAIN trial comparing MDV3100 to bicalutamide, our ongoing Phase 2 study of MDV3100 in hormone-naïve patients, and any other of our ongoing or planned studies of MDV3100 may fail.

MDV3100 and any of our other potential future product candidates, should any of them, receive marketing approval, will face significant competition from other approved products and other products in development.

The biopharmaceutical industry is intensely competitive in general. Furthermore, our business strategy is to target large unmet medical needs, and those markets are even more highly competitive. For example, since 2010 a new second-line chemotherapy drug, Jevtana (cabazitaxel), and a new oral hormonal drug, Zytiga (abiraterone acetate), have received marketing approval in the post-chemotherapy CRPC patient population we studied in our Phase 3 AFFIRM trial of MDV3100, and a new prostate cancer vaccine, Provenge (sipuleucel-T), received marketing approval covering both the post-chemotherapy CRPC population we studied in our Phase 3 AFFIRM trial and the chemotherapy-naïve CRPC population we are studying in our Phase 3 PREVAIL trial. Jevtana (cabazitaxel) and Zytiga (abiraterone acetate) have since acquired substantial shares of the market for treatment of post-chemotherapy patients, which may make it more difficult for us to compete successfully in this market, notwithstanding the positive results from our AFFIRM trial. In addition, in March 2012 the sponsor of a Phase 3 trial of Zytiga (abiraterone acetate) in chemotherapy-naïve CRPC patients, the same population we are studying in our Phase 3 PREVAIL trial, reported that the independent data monitoring committee overseeing the Zytiga trial observed evidence of clinical benefit and a favorable safety profile, and recommended that patients in the placebo arm be offered treatment with Zytiga. Several other drugs are also in advanced clinical development in both populations. Companies currently marketing, or expected to be marketing in the near future, products that will compete directly with any of our investigational drugs that may receive marketing approval include some of the world’s largest and most experienced pharmaceutical companies, such as Johnson & Johnson and sanofi-aventis. There are also multiple additional small molecule and recombinant protein candidates in development targeting advanced prostate cancer, including compounds already in Phase 3 clinical trials. These potentially competing compounds also include an investigational drug currently in Phase 1-2 clinical development that is a close structural analog of MDV3100, was developed in the same academic laboratory in which MDV3100 was developed and was purportedly licensed by The Regents of the University of California, or UCLA, to Aragon Pharmaceuticals, or Aragon. We have initiated litigation against UCLA, Aragon and certain individuals seeking, among other relief, a declaration that Medivation, and not Aragon, is the exclusive licensee of these molecules. Regardless of the outcome of this litigation, it could be costly and will divert our technical and management personnel from other important activities. Most, if not all, of these competing drug development programs are being conducted by pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies with considerably greater financial resources, human resources and experience than ours. Any of our product candidates that receive regulatory approval will face significant competition from both approved drugs and from any of the drugs currently under development that may subsequently be approved. Bases upon which our product candidates would have to compete successfully include efficacy, safety, price and cost-effectiveness.

In addition, our product candidates would have to compete against these other drugs with several different categories of decision makers, including physicians, patients, government and private third-party payors, technology assessment groups and patient advocacy organizations. For example, Medicare Part B, which makes

 

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payments to physicians for certain drugs that are administered by infusion or injection and are not generally self-administered, typically provides for lower patient out-of-pocket expenses and direct reimbursement for such drugs, including a markup, to physicians. One of our primary competitors in post-docetaxel patients, the infused chemotherapy drug Jevtana (cabazitaxel), is reimbursed under Medicare Part B while MDV3100, should it receive marketing approval and be reimbursed by Medicare, would most likely be covered under Medicare Part D, which covers certain outpatient prescription drugs and does not provide the economic benefits of Medicare Part B noted above. Even if one of our product candidates is approved, we cannot guarantee that we, Astellas or any of our potential future partners will be able to compete successfully on any of these bases. Any future product candidates that we may subsequently acquire will face similar competitive pressures. If we or our partners cannot compete successfully on any of the bases described above, our business will not succeed.

MDV3100 and any other potential future product candidate that is eventually approved for sale may not be commercially successful if not widely-covered and appropriately reimbursed by third-party payors.

Third-party payors, including public insurers such as Medicare and Medicaid and private insurers, pay for a large share of health care products and services consumed in the United States. In Europe, Canada and other major international markets, third-party payors also pay for a significant portion of health care products and services and many of those countries have nationalized health care systems in which the government pays for all such products and services and must approve product pricing. Even if approved by the FDA and foreign regulatory agencies, MDV3100 and any potential future product candidates are unlikely to achieve commercial success unless they are covered widely by third-party payors and reimbursed at a rate that generates an acceptable commercial return for us and any collaborative partner. In addition, even if third-party payors ultimately elect to cover and reimburse for our product candidates, most payors will not reimburse 100% of the cost, but rather require patients to pay a portion of the cost through a co-payment. Thus, even if reimbursement is available, the percentage of drug cost required to be borne by the patients may make use of our product candidates financially difficult or impossible for certain patients, which would have a negative impact on sales of our product candidates. It is increasingly difficult to obtain coverage and adequate reimbursement levels from third-party payors, and we may be unable to achieve these objectives. Achieving coverage and acceptable reimbursement levels typically involves negotiating with individual payors and is a time-consuming and costly process.

Moreover, in March 2010, the President of the United States signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act, collectively, the PPACA, which substantially changes the way health care is financed by both governmental and private insurers, and significantly impacts the pharmaceutical industry. The PPACA contains a number of provisions that are expected to impact our business and operations, including those relating to the increased use of comparative effectiveness research on health care products, changes to enrollment in federal healthcare programs, reimbursement changes under Medicare Part D and the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, and changes to fraud and abuse provisions. Since its passage, a number of state governors have strenuously opposed certain of the PPACA’s provisions, and initiated lawsuits challenging its constitutionality. These challenges are pending final adjudication in several jurisdictions, including the United States Supreme Court. Congress has also proposed a number of legislative initiatives, including possible repeal of the PPACA. At this time, it remains unclear whether there will be any changes made to the PPACA, whether to certain provisions or its entirety.

In addition, other legislative changes have been proposed and adopted in the United States since the PPACA was enacted. Most recently, on August 2, 2011, the Budget Control Act of 2011, which, among other things, created the Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction, to recommend to Congress proposals in spending reductions. The Joint Select Committee did not achieve a targeted deficit reduction of at least $1.2 trillion for the years 2013 through 2021, triggering the legislation’s automatic reduction to several government programs. This includes aggregate reductions to Medicare payments to providers of up to 2% per fiscal year, starting in 2013. Further, President Obama’s proposed budget for 2013 and certain proposed legislation would require drug manufacturers to pay to the Medicare program new rebates for certain outpatient drugs covered under Medicare

 

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Part D. These proposals would allow the Medicare program to benefit from the same, relatively higher, rebates that Medicaid receives for brand name and generic drugs provided to beneficiaries who receive the low-income subsidies under the Medicare Part D program and “dual eligible” beneficiaries (i.e., those who are eligible for both the Medicare and Medicaid programs).

We expect that there will continue to be a number of federal and state proposals to implement government controls over drug product pricing. We are currently unable to predict what additional legislation or regulations, if any, relating to the pharmaceutical industry or third-party payor coverage and reimbursement may be enacted in the future, or what effect the PPACA or any such additional legislation or regulation will or would have on our business. In addition, we would face competition in such negotiations from other approved drugs against which we compete, which may include other approved drugs marketed by Astellas, and the marketers of such other drugs are likely to be significantly larger than us and therefore enjoy significantly more negotiating leverage with respect to the individual payors than we may have. Our commercial prospects would be further weakened if payors approved coverage for MDV3100 or any potential future product candidates only as second- or later-line treatments, or if they placed any of those product candidates in tiers requiring unacceptably high patient co-payments. Failure to achieve acceptable coverage and reimbursement levels could materially harm our or our partner’s ability to successfully market our product candidates.

We are dependent upon our collaborative relationship with Astellas to further develop, manufacture and commercialize MDV3100. There may be circumstances that delay or prevent Astellas’ ability to develop, manufacture and commercialize MDV3100 or that result in Astellas terminating our agreement with them.

In October 2009, we announced that we had entered into a collaboration agreement with Astellas for the development, manufacture and commercialization of MDV3100 to treat prostate cancer. Under the agreement, Astellas is responsible for developing, seeking regulatory approval for, and commercializing MDV3100 outside the United States and, following a transition period, is responsible globally for all manufacture of product for both clinical and commercial purposes. We and Astellas are jointly responsible for developing, seeking regulatory approval for, and commercializing MDV3100 in the United States. We and Astellas share equally the costs, profits and losses arising from development and commercialization of MDV3100 in the United States. For clinical trials useful both in the United States and in Europe or Japan, we will be responsible for one-third of the total costs and Astellas will be responsible for the remaining two-thirds.

We are subject to a number of risks associated with our dependence on our collaborative relationship with Astellas, including:

 

   

Astellas’ right to terminate the collaboration agreement with us on limited notice for convenience (subject to certain limitations), or for other reasons specified in the respective collaboration agreement;

 

   

the need for us to identify and secure on commercially reasonable terms the services of third parties to perform key activities currently performed by Astellas in the event that Astellas were to terminate its collaboration with us, including clinical and, if approved, commercial manufacturing, development activities outside of the United States and commercialization activities globally;

 

   

adverse decisions by Astellas regarding the amount and timing of resource expenditures for the development and commercialization of MDV3100;

 

   

decisions by Astellas to prioritize other of its present or future products more highly than MDV3100 for either development and/or commercial purposes;

 

   

possible disagreements as to the timing, nature and extent of our development plans, including clinical trials or regulatory approval strategy;

 

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changes in key management personnel that are members of the collaboration’s various committees; and

 

   

possible disagreements with Astellas, including those regarding the development and/or commercialization of products, interpretation of the collaboration agreement and ownership of proprietary rights.

Due to these factors and other possible disagreements with Astellas, we may be delayed or prevented from further developing, manufacturing or potentially commercializing MDV3100 or we may become involved in litigation or arbitration, which would be time consuming and expensive.

If Astellas were to unilaterally terminate our collaborative relationship, we would need to undertake development, manufacturing and marketing activities for MDV3100 solely at our own expense and/or seek one or more other partners for some or all of these activities, worldwide. If we pursued these activities on our own, it would significantly increase our capital and infrastructure requirements, might limit the indications we are able to pursue for MDV3100, and could prevent us from effectively developing and potentially commercializing MDV3100. If we sought to find one or more other pharmaceutical company partners for some or all of these activities, we may not be successful in such efforts, or they may result in collaborations that have us expending greater funds and efforts than our current relationship with Astellas.

We are dependent on the efforts of, and funding by, Astellas for the development of MDV3100.

Under the terms of the Astellas Collaboration Agreement, we and Astellas must agree on any changes to the development plan for MDV3100 that is set forth in the agreement. If we and Astellas cannot agree on any such changes, clinical trial progress could be significantly delayed or halted. Subject to certain limitations set forth in the Astellas Collaboration Agreement, Astellas is generally free to terminate the agreement at its discretion on limited notice to us. Similarly, in the event of an uncured material breach of the agreement by us, Astellas may elect to terminate the agreement, in which case all rights to develop and commercialize MDV3100 will revert to us. If Astellas terminates its co-funding of our MDV3100 program, we may be unable to fund the development and potential commercialization costs on our own and may be unable to find another partner, which could force us to raise additional capital or could cause our MDV3100 program to fail. In addition, Astellas is solely responsible for the development and regulatory approval of MDV3100 outside the United States, so we are entirely dependent on Astellas for the successful completion of those activities.

The financial returns to us, if any, under our collaboration agreement with Astellas depend in large part on the achievement of development and commercialization milestones, plus a share of any profits from any product sales in the United States and royalties on any product sales outside of the United States. Therefore, our success, and any associated financial returns to us and our investors, will depend in large part on the performance of Astellas under the Astellas Collaboration Agreement. If Astellas fails to perform or satisfy its obligations to us, the development, potential regulatory approval or commercialization of MDV3100 would be delayed or may not occur and our business and prospects could be materially and adversely affected for that reason.

We are dependent on the efforts of Astellas to market and promote MDV3100 if approved for commercial sale.

Under our collaboration with Astellas, we and Astellas have the right to co-promote MDV3100 to all customers in the United States, and Astellas has the sole right to promote MDV3100 to all customers outside of the United States. We are thus partially dependent on Astellas to successfully promote MDV3100 in the United States and solely dependent on Astellas to successfully promote MDV3100 outside of the United States. We have limited ability to direct Astellas in its potential commercialization of MDV3100 in any country, including the United States. If Astellas fails to adequately market and promote MDV3100, whether inside or outside of the United States, we may be unable to obtain any remedy against Astellas. If this were to happen, any sales of MDV3100 may be harmed, which would negatively impact our business, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity.

 

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We are dependent on Astellas to manufacture clinical and commercial requirements of MDV3100, which could result in the delay of clinical trials or regulatory approval or lost sales.

Under our agreement with Astellas, after a transition period, Astellas has the primary right and responsibility to manufacture and/or manage the supply of MDV3100 for clinical trials and all commercial requirements. We are in the process of transitioning the manufacturing obligations for MDV3100 to Astellas. Consequently, we are, and expect to remain, dependent on Astellas to supply MDV3100. Astellas may encounter difficulties in production scale-up, including problems involving production yields, quality control and quality assurance, and shortage of qualified personnel. Astellas may not perform as agreed or may default in their obligations to supply clinical trial supplies and/or commercial product. Astellas may fail to deliver the required quantities of MDV3100 on a timely basis. Any such failure by Astellas could delay our future clinical trials and our applications for regulatory approval, or, if approved for commercial sale, could impair our ability to meet the market demand for MDV3100 and therefore result in decreased sales. If Astellas does not adequately perform, we may be forced to incur additional expenses, delays, or both, to arrange or take responsibility for other third parties to manufacture MDV3100 on our behalf, as we do not have any internal manufacturing capabilities.

If Astellas’ business strategies change, any such changes may adversely affect our collaborative relationship with Astellas.

Astellas may change its business strategy. Decisions by Astellas to either reduce or eliminate its participation in the prostate cancer field, to emphasize other competitive agents currently in its portfolio at the expense of MDV3100, or to add additional competitive agents to its portfolio, could reduce its financial incentives to continue to develop, seek regulatory approval for, or potentially commercialize MDV3100. For example, Astellas has partnered with us based in part on Astellas’ desire to use MDV3100 as a component of building a global oncology franchise, which Astellas presently does not have. If Astellas’ strategic objective of building a global oncology franchise were to change, such change could negatively impact any commercial prospects of MDV3100.

Our industry is highly regulated by the FDA and comparable foreign regulatory agencies. We must comply with extensive, strictly enforced regulatory requirements in order to develop and obtain marketing approval for any of our product candidates.

Before we, Astellas or any potential future partners can obtain regulatory approval for the sale of our product candidates, our product candidates must be subjected to extensive preclinical and clinical testing to demonstrate their safety and efficacy for humans.

The preclinical and clinical trials of any product candidates that we develop must comply with regulation by numerous federal, state and local government authorities in the United States, principally the FDA, and by similar agencies in other countries. We are required to obtain and maintain an effective IND application to commence human clinical trials in the United States and must obtain and maintain additional regulatory approvals before proceeding to successive phases of our clinical trials. Securing FDA approval requires the submission of extensive preclinical and clinical data and supporting information for each therapeutic indication to establish the product candidate’s safety and efficacy for its intended use. It takes years to complete the testing of a new drug or medical device and development delays and/or failure can occur at any stage of testing. Any of our present and future clinical trials may be delayed or halted due to any of the following:

 

   

any preclinical test or clinical trial may fail to produce safety and efficacy results satisfactory to the FDA or foreign regulatory authorities;

 

   

preclinical and clinical data can be interpreted in different ways, which could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval;

 

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as we experienced with dimebon, negative or inconclusive results from a preclinical test or clinical trial or adverse medical events during a clinical trial could cause a preclinical study or clinical trial to be repeated or a program to be terminated, even if other studies or trials relating to the program are ongoing or have been completed and were successful;

 

   

the FDA or foreign regulatory authorities can place a clinical hold on a trial if, among other reasons, it finds that patients enrolled in the trial are or would be exposed to an unreasonable and significant risk of illness or injury;

 

   

the FDA might not approve the clinical processes or facilities that we utilize, or the processes or facilities of our consultants, including without limitation the vendors who will be manufacturing drug substance and drug product for us or any potential collaborators;

 

   

any regulatory approval we, Astellas or any potential future collaborators ultimately obtain may be limited or subject to restrictions or post-approval commitments that render the product not commercially viable; and

 

   

we may encounter delays or rejections based on changes in FDA policies or the policies of foreign regulatory authorities during the period in which we develop a product candidate or the period required for review of any final regulatory approval before we are able to market any product candidate.

In addition, information generated during the clinical trial process is susceptible to varying interpretations that could delay, limit, or prevent regulatory approval at any stage of the approval process. Failure to demonstrate adequately the quality, safety and efficacy of any of our product candidates would delay or prevent regulatory approval of the applicable product candidate. There can be no assurance that if clinical trials are completed, either we or our collaborative partners will submit applications for required authorizations to manufacture or market potential products or that any such application will be reviewed and approved by appropriate regulatory authorities in a timely manner, if at all.

If MDV3100 or any potential future product candidates cannot be manufactured in a cost-effective manner and in compliance with current GMP and other applicable regulatory standards, they will not be commercially successful.

All pharmaceutical and medical device products in the United States, Europe and other countries must be manufactured in strict compliance with cGMP and other applicable regulatory standards. Establishing a cGMP-compliant process to manufacture pharmaceutical products involves significant time, cost and uncertainty. Furthermore, in order to be commercially viable, any such process would have to yield product on a cost-effective basis, using raw materials that are commercially available on acceptable terms. We face the risk that our contract manufacturers may have interruptions in raw material supplies, be unable to comply with strictly enforced regulatory requirements, or, for other reasons beyond their or our control, be unable to complete their manufacturing responsibilities on time, on budget, or at all. Under our collaboration agreement with Astellas, Astellas is responsible for all manufacture of MDV3100 for commercial purposes, but we cannot guarantee that Astellas will be able to supply MDV3100 in a timely manner or at all. Furthermore, commercial manufacturing processes have not yet been validated for MDV3100. We thus cannot guarantee that commercial-scale cGMP manufacture of MDV3100 will be possible, on a cost-effective basis or at all, which would materially and adversely affect the value of these programs.

 

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We are subject to certain healthcare laws, regulation and enforcement, and will become subject to additional such laws, regulations and enforcement should MDV3100 receive marketing approval; our failure to comply with those laws could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial conditions.

We are also subject to several healthcare regulation and enforcement by the federal government and the states in which we conduct our business. The laws that may affect our ability to operate include:

 

   

the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (collectively, “HIPAA”), which governs the conduct of certain electronic healthcare transactions and protects the security and privacy of protected health information;

 

   

the federal healthcare programs’ Anti-Kickback Law, which prohibits, among other things, persons from knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or paying remuneration, directly or indirectly, in exchange for or to induce either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, order or recommendation of, any good or service for which payment may be made under federal healthcare programs such as the Medicare and Medicaid programs;

 

   

federal false claims laws which prohibit, among other things, individuals or entities from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, claims for payment from Medicare, Medicaid, or other third-party payors that are false or fraudulent;

 

   

federal criminal laws that prohibit executing a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program or making false statements relating to healthcare matters; and

 

   

state law equivalents of each of the above federal laws, such as anti-kickback and false claims laws which may apply to items or services reimbursed by any third-party payor, including commercial insurers.

If our operations are found to be in violation of any of the laws described above or any other governmental regulations that apply to us, we may be subject to penalties, including civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, the curtailment or restructuring of our operations, the exclusion from participation in federal and state healthcare programs and imprisonment, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

We may be subject to product liability or other litigation, which could result in an inefficient allocation of our critical resources, delay the implementation of our business strategy and, if successful, materially and adversely harm our business and financial condition as a result of the costs of liabilities that may be imposed thereby.

Our business exposes us to the risk of product liability claims that is inherent in the development of pharmaceutical products. If MDV3100 or any potential future product candidate harms people, or is alleged to be harmful, we may be subject to costly and damaging product liability claims brought against us by clinical trial participants, consumers, health care providers, corporate partners or others. We have product liability insurance covering our ongoing clinical trials, but do not have insurance for any of our other development activities. If we are unable to obtain insurance at an acceptable cost or otherwise protect against potential product liability claims, we may be exposed to significant litigation costs and liabilities, which may materially and adversely affect our business and financial position. If we are sued for injuries allegedly caused by any of our product candidates, our litigation costs and liability could exceed our total assets and our ability to pay. In addition, we may from time to time become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of our business. Any litigation to which we are subject, including the purported securities class action lawsuits

 

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described in the section entitled “Legal Proceedings” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, could require significant involvement of our senior management and may divert management’s attention from our business and operations. Litigation costs or an adverse result in any litigation that may arise from time to time may adversely impact our operating results or financial condition.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property

Intellectual property protection for our product candidates is crucial to our business, and is subject to a significant degree of legal risk, particularly in the life sciences industry.

The success of our business will depend in part on our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection — primarily patent protection — of our technologies and MDV3100 and any potential future product candidates, as well as successfully defending these patents against third-party challenges. We and our collaborators will only be able to protect our technologies and product candidates from unauthorized use by third parties to the extent that valid and enforceable patents or trade secrets cover them. Furthermore, the degree of future protection of our proprietary rights is uncertain because legal means afford only limited protection and may not adequately protect our rights or permit us or our potential future collaborators to gain or keep our competitive advantage.

The patent positions of life sciences companies can be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions for which important legal principles remain unresolved. Further, changes in either the patent laws or in interpretations of patent laws in the United States or other countries may diminish the value of our intellectual property rights. Accordingly, we cannot predict the breadth of claims that may be granted or enforced for our patents or for third-party patents that we have licensed. For example:

 

   

we or our licensors might not have been the first to make the inventions covered by each of our pending patent applications and issued patents;

 

   

we or our licensors might not have been the first to file patent applications for these inventions;

 

   

others may independently develop similar or alternative technologies or duplicate any of our technologies;

 

   

it is possible that none of our pending patent applications or the pending patent applications of our licensors will result in issued patents;

 

   

our issued patents and future issued patents, or those of our licensors, may not provide a basis for protecting commercially viable products, may not provide us with any competitive advantages, or may be challenged by third parties and invalidated or rendered unenforceable; and

 

   

we may not develop additional proprietary technologies or product candidates that are patentable.

Our existing and any future patent rights may not adequately protect MDV3100 or any potential future product candidates, which could prevent us from ever generating any revenues or profits.

We cannot guarantee that any of our pending or future patent applications will mature into issued patents, or that any of our current or future issued patents will adequately protect MDV3100 or any potential future product candidates from competitors. For example, there is a large body of prior art, including multiple issued patents and published patent applications, disclosing molecules in the same chemical class as our licensed MDV300 series compounds. Since our licensed MDV300 series compounds include approximately 170 specific molecules, we expect that some members of this series may not be patentable in light of this prior art, or may infringe the claims

 

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of patents presently issued or issued in the future. Furthermore, we cannot guarantee that any of our present or future issued patents will not be challenged by third parties, or that they will withstand any such challenge. If we are not able to obtain adequate protection for, or defend, the intellectual property position of our technologies and product candidates, then we may not be able to attract collaborators to acquire or partner our development programs. Further, even if we can obtain protection for and defend the intellectual property position of our technologies and product candidates, we or any of our potential future collaborators still may not be able to exclude competitors from developing or marketing competing drugs. Should this occur, we and our potential future collaborators may not generate any revenues or profits from our product candidates or our revenue or profits would be significantly decreased.

We could become subject to litigation or other challenges regarding intellectual property rights, which could divert management attention, cause us to incur significant costs, prevent us from selling or using the challenged technology and/or subject us to competition by lower priced generic products.

In recent years, there has been significant litigation in the United States and elsewhere involving pharmaceutical patents and other intellectual property rights. In particular, generic pharmaceutical manufacturers have been very aggressive in challenging the validity of patents held by proprietary pharmaceutical companies, especially if these patents are commercially significant. If MDV3100 or any future product candidates succeed, we may face similar challenges to our existing or future patents. If a generic pharmaceutical company or other third party were able to successfully invalidate any of our present or future patents, MDV3100 and any potential future product candidates that may ultimately receive marketing approval could face additional competition from lower priced generic products that would result in significant price and revenue erosion and have a significantly negative impact on the commercial viability of the affected product candidate(s).

In the future, we may be a party to litigation to protect our intellectual property or to defend our activities in response to alleged infringement of a third party’s intellectual property. These claims and any resulting lawsuit, if successful, could subject us to significant liability for damages and invalidation, or a narrowing of the scope, of our proprietary rights. These lawsuits, regardless of their success, would likely be time-consuming and expensive to litigate and resolve and would divert management time and attention. Any potential intellectual property litigation also could force us to do one or more of the following:

 

   

discontinue our products that use or are covered by the challenged intellectual property; or

 

   

obtain from the owner of the allegedly infringed intellectual property right a license to sell or use the relevant technology, which license may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all.

If we are forced to take any of these actions, our business may be seriously harmed. Although we carry general liability insurance, our insurance does not cover potential claims of this type.

In addition, our patents and patent applications, or those of our licensors, could face other challenges, such as interference proceedings, opposition proceedings and re-examination proceedings. Any such challenge, if successful, could result in the invalidation of, or in a narrowing of the scope of, any of our patents and patent applications subject to the challenge. Any such challenges, regardless of their success, would likely be time-consuming and expensive to defend and resolve and would divert our management’s time and attention.

We may in the future initiate claims or litigation against third parties for infringement in order to protect our proprietary rights or to determine the scope and validity of our proprietary rights or the proprietary rights of competitors. These claims could result in costly litigation and the diversion of our technical and management personnel and we may not prevail in making these claims.

 

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We rely on license agreements for certain aspects of our product candidates and our technology. We may in the future need to obtain additional licenses of third-party technology that may not be available to us or are available only on commercially unreasonable terms, and which may cause us to operate our business in a more costly or otherwise adverse manner that was not anticipated.

We have entered into agreements with third-party commercial and academic institutions to license intellectual property rights and technology for use in our product candidates. For example, we have a license agreement with UCLA pursuant to which we were granted exclusive worldwide rights to certain UCLA patents related to our MDV300 series compounds. Some of these license agreements, including our license agreement with UCLA, contain diligence and milestone-based termination provisions, in which case our failure to meet any agreed upon diligence requirements or milestones may allow the licensor to terminate the agreement. If our licensors terminate our license agreements or if we are unable to maintain the exclusivity of our exclusive license agreements, we may be unable to continue to develop and commercialize MDV3100 or any potential future product candidates based on licensed intellectual property rights and technology.

From time to time we may be required to license technology from additional third parties to develop MDV3100 and any future product candidates. For example, the commercial scale manufacturing processes that we are developing for MDV3100 may require licenses to third-party technology. Should we be required to obtain licenses to any third-party technology, including any such patents based on biological activities or required to manufacture our product candidates, such licenses may not be available to us on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. The inability to obtain any third-party license required to develop any of our product candidates could cause us to abandon any related development efforts, which could seriously harm our business and operations.

We may become involved in disputes with Astellas or any potential future collaborators over intellectual property ownership, and publications by our research collaborators and scientific advisors could impair our ability to obtain patent protection or protect our proprietary information, which, in either case, could have a significant impact on our business.

Inventions discovered under research, material transfer or other such collaboration agreements, including our collaboration agreement with Astellas, may become jointly owned by us and the other party to such agreements in some cases and the exclusive property of either party in other cases. Under some circumstances, it may be difficult to determine who owns a particular invention, or whether it is jointly owned, and disputes could arise regarding ownership of those inventions. These disputes could be costly and time consuming and an unfavorable outcome could have a significant adverse effect on our business if we were not able to protect or license rights to these inventions. In addition, our research collaborators and scientific advisors generally have contractual rights to publish our data and other proprietary information, subject to our prior review. Publications by our research collaborators and scientific advisors containing such information, either with our permission or in contravention of the terms of their agreements with us, may impair our ability to obtain patent protection or protect our proprietary information, which could significantly harm our business.

Trade secrets may not provide adequate protection for our business and technology.

We also rely on trade secrets to protect our technology, especially where we believe patent protection is not appropriate or obtainable. However, trade secrets are difficult to protect. While we use reasonable efforts to protect our trade secrets, our or any potential collaborators’ employees, consultants, contractors or scientific and other advisors may unintentionally or willfully disclose our information to competitors. If we were to enforce a claim that a third party had illegally obtained and was using our trade secrets, our enforcement efforts would be expensive and time consuming, and the outcome would be unpredictable. In addition, courts outside the United States are sometimes less willing to protect trade secrets. Moreover, if our competitors independently develop equivalent knowledge, methods or know-how, it will be more difficult or impossible for us to enforce our rights and our business could be harmed.

 

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Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

We have been named as a defendant in a purported securities class action lawsuit. This lawsuit could result in substantial damages and may divert management’s time and attention from our business and operations.

In March 2010, the first of several putative securities class action lawsuits was commenced in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, naming as defendants us and certain of our officers. The lawsuits are largely identical and allege violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The plaintiffs allege, among other things, that we disseminated false and misleading statements about the effectiveness of dimebon for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The plaintiffs purport to seek damages, an award of their costs and injunctive relief on behalf of a class of stockholders who purchased or otherwise acquired our common stock between September 21, 2006 and March 2, 2010. The actions were consolidated in September 2010 and, in April 2011, the court entered an order appointing Catoosa Fund, L.P. and its attorneys as lead plaintiff and lead counsel. Thereafter, the lead plaintiff filed a consolidated amended complaint, which was dismissed without prejudice as to all defendants in August 2011. The lead plaintiff filed a second amended complaint in November 2011. In January 2012, we filed a motion to dismiss the second amended complaint, which is scheduled to be heard by the Court on March 16, 2012.

Our management believes that we have meritorious defenses and intends to defend this lawsuit vigorously. However, this lawsuit is subject to inherent uncertainties, and the actual cost will depend upon many unknown factors. The outcome of the litigation is necessarily uncertain, we could be forced to expend significant resources in the defense of the suit and we may not prevail. Monitoring and defending against legal actions is time consuming for our management and detracts from our ability to fully focus our internal resources on our business activities. In addition, we may incur substantial legal fees and costs in connection with the litigation and, although we believe the company is entitled to coverage under the relevant insurance policies, subject to a $350,000 retention, coverage could be denied or prove to be insufficient. We are not currently able to estimate the possible cost to us from this matter, as this lawsuit is currently at an early stage and we cannot be certain how long it may take to resolve this matter or the possible amount of any damages that we may be required to pay. We have not established any reserves for any potential liability relating to this lawsuit. It is possible that we could, in the future, incur judgments or enter into settlements of claims for monetary damages. A decision adverse to our interests on these actions could result in the payment of substantial damages, or possibly fines, and could have a material adverse effect on our cash flow, results of operations and financial position. In addition, the uncertainty of the currently pending litigation could lead to more volatility in our stock price.

Our stock price may be volatile, and our stockholders’ investment in our stock could decline in value.

The market prices for our securities and those of other life sciences companies have been highly volatile and often unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of those companies, and may continue to be highly volatile in the future. There has been particular volatility in the market prices of securities of life sciences companies because of problems or successes in a given market segment or because investor interest has shifted to other segments. These broad market and industry factors may cause the market price of our common stock to decline, regardless of our operating performance. We have no control over this volatility and can only focus our efforts on our own operations, and even these may be affected due to the state of the capital markets.

In the past, following periods of large price declines in the public market price of a company’s securities, securities class action litigation has often been initiated against that company. New litigation of this type could result in substantial costs and diversion of management’s attention and resources, which would hurt our business. Any adverse determination in litigation could also subject us to significant liabilities.

The following factors, in addition to other risk factors described herein, may have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock:

 

   

the receipt or failure to receive the additional funding necessary to conduct our business;

 

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the progress and results of preclinical studies and clinical trials of our product candidates conducted by us, Astellas or any future collaborative partners or licensees, if any, and any delays in enrolling a sufficient number of patients to complete clinical trials of our product candidates;

 

   

the announcement by our competitors of results from clinical trials of their products or product candidates;

 

   

selling by existing stockholders and short-sellers;

 

   

announcements of technological innovations or new commercial products by our competitors or us;

 

   

developments concerning proprietary rights, including patents;

 

   

developments concerning our collaboration with Astellas or any future collaborations;

 

   

publicity regarding us, our product candidates or those of our competitors, including research reports published by securities analysts;

 

   

regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;

 

   

litigation, including the purported securities class action lawsuits pending against us and certain of our officers;

 

   

economic and other external factors or other disaster or crisis; and

 

   

period-to-period fluctuations in financial results.

A decrease in the market price of our common stock would likely adversely impact the trading price of the notes. The market price of our common stock could also be affected by possible sales of our common stock by investors who view the notes as a more attractive means of equity participation in us and by hedging or arbitrage trading activity that we expect to develop involving our common stock. This trading activity could, in turn, affect the trading prices of the notes. This may result in greater volatility in the trading price of the notes than would be expected for non-convertible debt securities.

We do not intend to pay dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future.

We do not expect for the foreseeable future to pay dividends on our common stock. Any future determination to pay dividends on or repurchase shares of our common stock will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend upon, among other factors, our success in completing sales or partnerships of our programs, our results of operations, financial condition, capital requirements and applicable law. Furthermore, we may in the future become subject to contractual restrictions on, or prohibitions against, the payment of dividends. Accordingly, if you receive common stock upon conversion of your notes, the success of your investment in such common stock will likely depend entirely upon any future appreciation. There is no guarantee that our common stock will appreciate or maintain its current price. If you receive common stock upon conversion of your notes, you could lose the entire value of your investment in such common stock.

Our principal stockholders exert substantial influence over us and may exercise their control in a manner adverse to your interests.

Certain stockholders and their affiliates own a substantial amount of our outstanding common stock. These stockholders may have the power to direct our affairs and be able to determine the outcome of certain matters submitted to stockholders for approval. Because a limited number of persons controls us, transactions could be difficult or impossible to complete without the support of those persons. Subject to applicable law, it is possible that these persons will exercise control over us in a manner adverse to your interests.

 

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Provisions of our charter documents, our stockholder rights plan and Delaware law could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if the offer may be considered beneficial by our stockholders.

Provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law could discourage potential acquisition proposals and could delay, deter or prevent a change in control. The anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law impose various impediments to the ability of a third party to acquire control of us, even if a change in control would be beneficial to our existing stockholders. Specifically, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless its application has been waived, provides certain default anti-takeover protections in connection with transactions between us and an “interested stockholder.” Generally, Section 203 prohibits stockholders who, alone or together with their affiliates and associates, own more than 15% of the subject company from engaging in certain business combinations for a period of three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder of such subject company without approval of the board or the vote of two-thirds of the shares held by the independent stockholders. Our board of directors has also adopted a stockholder rights plan, or “poison pill,” which would significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquirer. Additionally, provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws could deter, delay or prevent a third party from acquiring us, even if doing so would benefit our stockholders, including without limitation, the authority of the board of directors to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock with such terms as the board of directors may determine.

Future sales of our common stock in the public market could cause our stock price to fall and adversely impact the trading price of the notes.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market that were previously restricted from sale, or the perception that these sales might occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and the trading price of the notes could be adversely impacted. In addition, such sales or the perception that such sales might occur, could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. In the event that we do raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities or debt convertible into equity securities, the dilution represented by the additional shares of our equity securities in the public market could cause our stock price to fall, in which case investors may not be able to sell their shares of our equity securities at a price equal to or above the price they paid to acquire them, and may depress the trading price of the notes.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, the documents we have filed with the SEC that are incorporated herein by reference and any free writing prospectus that we have authorized for use in connection with this offering contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “should,” “could,” or “will,” or the negatives or other forms of these terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements may also use different phrases. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:

 

   

our intentions, beliefs and expectations regarding our expenses, sales, operations and future financial performance;

 

   

our plans for future products and enhancements of existing products;

 

   

anticipated growth and trends in our business;

 

   

the timing of and our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory clearances or approvals;

 

   

the timing of and our ability to obtain and maintain third-party payor reimbursement;

 

   

our belief that our cash and cash equivalents and short-term available-for-sale investments will be sufficient to satisfy our anticipated cash requirements;

 

   

our expectations regarding our revenues, customers and distributors;

 

   

our beliefs and expectations regarding our market penetration and expansion efforts;

 

   

anticipated trends and challenges in the markets in which we operate; and

 

   

our expectations and beliefs regarding and the impact of investigations, claims and litigation.

Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We discuss many of these risks, uncertainties and other factors in greater detail under the headings captioned “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement, as may be updated or superseded by the risks and uncertainties described under similar headings in the other documents that are filed after the date hereof and incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement. Because the factors referred to above could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Also, these forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date such forward-looking statements are made. You should carefully read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any free writing prospectus we have authorized for use in connection with this offering, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from

 

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what we expect. We can give no assurances that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition.

Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons why actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that the net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $217.6 million (or approximately $250.3 million if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional notes in full), after deducting the underwriting discount and the estimated transaction expenses associated with the offering. We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering for working capital, including the further development and potential commercialization of our product candidates, and other general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to invest in complementary products, technologies or businesses. As of the date of this prospectus supplement, we cannot specify with certainty all of the particular uses for the net proceeds to us from this offering. Accordingly, our management will have broad discretion in the timing and application of these proceeds. Pending these uses, we intend to invest the net proceeds from this offering primarily in investment-grade, interest-bearing instruments.

 

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PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK

Our common stock, par value $0.01 per share, is listed on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “MDVN.” The following table sets forth on a per share basis the high and low intraday sale prices of our common stock as reported by The NASDAQ Global Market:

 

$00,00 $00,00
      High      Low  

2010:

     

Quarter ended March 31, 2010

   $ 40.49       $ 10.47   

Quarter ended June 30, 2010

   $ 12.25       $ 8.79   

Quarter ended September 30, 2010

   $ 13.13       $ 8.43   

Quarter ended December 31, 2010

   $ 16.68       $ 10.96   

2011:

     

Quarter ended March 31, 2011

   $ 19.84       $ 13.27   

Quarter ended June 30, 2011

   $ 25.50       $ 18.71   

Quarter ended September 30, 2011

   $ 22.97       $ 14.32   

Quarter ended December 31, 2011

   $ 49.66       $ 15.51   

2012:

     

Quarter ending March 31, 2012 (through March 13, 2012)

   $ 76.65       $ 44.93   

As of the close of business on March 9, 2012, there were 23 stockholders of record of our common stock, and on March 13, 2012 the last reported sale price per share of our common stock was $71.41. The number of stockholders of record is based upon the actual number of stockholders registered at such date and does not include holders of shares in “street name” or persons, partnerships, corporations or other entities identified in security listings maintained by depositories.

 

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DIVIDEND POLICY

We have never paid our stockholders cash dividends and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future as we intend to retain all of our cash for use in our business. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors, and will depend on a number of factors, including but not limited to any outstanding indebtedness, earnings, capital requirements, financial condition and future prospects, and applicable Delaware law.

 

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RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

Our earnings were insufficient to cover fixed charges for each of the periods in the table below and, accordingly, we have not included a ratio of earnings to fixed charges for these periods. The table below sets forth our deficiency of earnings to cover fixed charges on a historical basis for the periods indicated (in millions).

 

     Years Ended December 31,  
      2011      2010      2009      2008      2007  

Deficiency of Earnings to Cover Fixed Charges

   $ 43.2       $ 32.5       $ 46.5       $ 62.5       $ 31.7   

Earnings consist of pretax loss from operations and fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of the portion of operating lease rental expense that is considered by us to be a reasonable representation of interest.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of December 31, 2011:

 

   

on an actual basis; and

 

   

on an as-adjusted basis to give effect to the sale of the notes (assuming the underwriters’ option to purchase additional notes is not exercised), after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us.

You should read the following table in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement.

 

     As of December 31, 2011  

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

   Actual     As Adjusted  
     (in thousands)  

Long-term debt, less current portion:

    

2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017(1)

   $ —        $ 225,000   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total long-term debt

   $ —        $ 225,000   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock, par value of $0.01 per share, 1,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding, actual and as adjusted

     —          —     

Common stock, par value of $0.01 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized; 35,731,838 shares issued and outstanding, actual and as adjusted(2)

     357        357   

Additional paid-in capital(1)

     251,242        251,242   

Accumulated other comprehensive gain

     13        13   

Accumulated deficit

     (250,291     (250,291
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity(1)

     1,321        1,321   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total capitalization

   $ 1,321      $ 226,321   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) In accordance with ASC 470-20, convertible debt that may be wholly or partially settled in cash is required to be separated into a liability and an equity component, such that interest expense reflects the issuer’s non-convertible debt interest rate. Upon issuance, a debt discount will be recognized as a decrease in debt and an increase in equity. The debt component will accrete up to the principal amount over the expected term of the debt. ASC 470-20 does not affect the actual amount that we are required to repay, and the amount shown in the table above for the notes is the aggregate principal amount of the notes and does not reflect the debt discount, fees and expenses that we will be required to recognize or the increase in paid in capital.

 

(2) The common stock shown as issued and outstanding in the table above is based on 35,731,838 shares of common stock outstanding as of December 31, 2011 and excludes the shares of common stock reserved for issuance upon conversion of the Notes, and also excludes, as of December 31, 2011: (i) 4,301,808 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding stock options, having a weighted average exercise price of $18.34 per share; (ii) 22,904 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding warrants, having a weighted average exercise price of $6.92 per share; (iii) 164,117 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of outstanding restricted stock units and performance share awards; and (iv) an aggregate of up to 501,226 shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our equity incentive plan.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF THE NOTES

We will issue the notes under a base indenture to be dated as of March 19, 2012 between us and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as trustee (the “trustee”), as supplemented by a supplemental indenture to be dated March 19, 2012 with respect to the notes. In this section, we refer to the base indenture (the “base indenture”), as supplemented by the supplemental indenture (the “supplemental indenture”), collectively as the “indenture.” This description of the notes supplements and, to the extent it is inconsistent with, replaces the description of the general provisions of the notes and the base indenture in the accompanying prospectus. The terms of the notes include those expressly set forth in the indenture and those made part of the indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act”). The following summarizes the material provisions of the notes and the indenture but does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to all the provisions of the notes and the indenture, including the definitions of certain terms used in those documents. We urge you to read the indenture and the form of certificate evidencing the notes in their entirety, because they, and not this description, define your rights as a holder of the notes. You may request a copy of these documents at our address shown under “Where You Can Find More Information.”

In this section entitled “Description of the Notes,” when we refer to “Medivation,” “we,” “our” or “us,” we are referring to Medivation, Inc. and not to any of its subsidiaries.

General

We will issue $225,000,000 (or $258,750,000 if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional notes in full) aggregate principal amount of notes. We will settle conversions of notes by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination thereof at our election as described below under “—Conversion of Notes—Settlement upon Conversion.” The notes will be issued only in denominations of $1,000 and in integral multiples of $1,000. The notes will mature on April 1, 2017, unless earlier converted by you, redeemed by us or purchased by us at your option upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined below).

Neither we nor our subsidiaries are restricted from paying dividends, incurring debt or issuing or repurchasing our securities under the indenture. In addition, there are no financial covenants in the indenture. You are not protected by the indenture in the event of a highly leveraged transaction, a change in control involving us or a termination in the trading of our common stock, except to the extent described under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change,” “—Conversion of Notes—Conversion upon Specified Corporate Transactions” and “—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event.” The notes are not guaranteed by any of our subsidiaries.

We may from time to time, without the consent of the holders, reopen the indenture and issue additional notes under the indenture with the same terms (other than date of issuance and, in some cases, date from which interest will initially accrue) as the notes offered hereby in an unlimited aggregate principal amount; provided that if any such additional notes are not fungible with the notes initially offered hereby for U.S. federal income tax purposes, such additional notes will have a separate CUSIP number. The notes offered hereby and any such additional notes would be treated as a single class for all purposes under the indenture and would vote together as one class on all matters with respect to the notes. We do not intend to list the notes on any securities exchange or automated dealer quotation system.

Ranking

The notes will be our general senior unsecured obligations and will be:

 

   

senior in right of payment to any of our future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the notes;

 

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equal in right of payment to our future unsecured indebtedness and other liabilities of ours that are not so subordinated;

 

   

effectively junior in right of payment to any of our secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and

 

   

structurally junior to all future indebtedness incurred by our subsidiaries and their other liabilities (including trade payables).

As of December 31, 2011, we did not have any consolidated indebtedness. After giving effect to the issuance of the notes (assuming no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional notes) and the use of proceeds therefrom, our total consolidated indebtedness would have been $225.0 million.

Optional Redemption

We may not redeem the notes prior to April 6, 2015, and no sinking fund is provided for the notes. On or after April 6, 2015, we may redeem any or all of the notes, except for the notes that we are required to repurchase as provided under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change,” in cash at the redemption price, provided that the closing sale price of our common stock for 20 or more trading days in a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the date of the redemption notice exceeds 130% of the applicable conversion price in effect on each such trading day. The redemption price will equal 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. Any notes redeemed by us will be paid for in cash.

We will give notice of redemption not more than 60 calendar days but not less than 35 calendar days prior to the redemption date to each record holder of notes to be redeemed at their addresses set forth in the register of the registrar. This notice will state, among other things:

 

   

that you have a right to convert the notes called for redemption upon satisfaction of the requirements therefor set forth in the indenture, the settlement method (and, if applicable, the specified dollar amount) that will apply to any such conversions and the conversion rate then in effect; and

 

   

the time at which your right to convert the notes called for redemption will expire, which will be the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the redemption date.

If less than all of the outstanding notes are to be redeemed, the trustee will select the notes to be redeemed in principal amounts of $1,000 or multiples of $1,000 by lot, on a pro rata basis or by another method the trustee considers reasonable, fair and appropriate in accordance with DTC procedures. If a portion of your notes is selected for redemption and you convert a portion of your notes, the converted portion will be deemed to be of the portion selected for redemption to the extent that the converted portion does not exceed the portion selected for redemption.

If notes are redeemed on a date that is after a regular record date for the payment of interest and prior to the corresponding interest payment date, we will not pay accrued interest to the holder of notes being redeemed, and will instead pay the full amount of the relevant interest payment on such interest payment date to the holder of record on such regular record date.

In the event of any redemption in part, we shall not be required to (i) issue, register the transfer of or exchange any notes during a period beginning at the open of business 15 days before any selection for redemption of notes and ending at the close of business on the earliest date on which the relevant notice of redemption is deemed to have been given to all holders of notes to be redeemed or (ii) register the transfer of or exchange any notes so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any notes being redeemed in part.

 

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No notes may be redeemed if the principal amount of the notes has been accelerated, and such acceleration has not been rescinded, on or prior to the redemption date (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a default by us in the payment of the applicable redemption price with respect to such notes).

Interest

We will pay interest on the notes at a rate of 2.625% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, or if any such day is not a business day, the immediately following business day (each, an “interest payment date”), commencing October 1, 2012, to holders of record at the close of business on the preceding March 15 and September 15, respectively. Interest is computed on the basis of a 360-day year comprised of twelve 30-day months and will accrue from March 19, 2012 or from the most recent date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for. In the event of any notes’ maturity, conversion or purchase by us at the option of the holder thereof, interest will cease to accrue on those notes under the terms of and subject to the conditions of the indenture. A “business day” is any day other than (x) a Saturday, (y) a Sunday or (z) a day on which state or federally chartered banking institutions in New York, New York are not required to be open.

All references to interest in this prospectus supplement include additional interest, if any, payable at our election as the sole remedy relating to the failure to comply with our reporting obligations as described under “—Events of Default.”

Conversion of Notes

General

Subject to the conditions described below, you may convert all or any portion of your notes at an initial conversion rate of 9.7586 shares of our common stock per $1,000 aggregate principal amount of notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $102.47 per share of common stock). The conversion rate and the corresponding conversion price will be subject to adjustment as described below under “—Conversion Rate Adjustments” and “—Adjustment to Conversion Rate Following a Make-Whole Adjustment Event.” The conversion price of a note at any time is equal to $1,000 divided by the conversion rate in effect at such time. Accordingly, an adjustment to the conversion rate will result in a corresponding (but inverse) adjustment to the conversion price. A holder may convert fewer than all of such holder’s notes so long as the notes converted are in an integral multiple of $1,000 principal amount.

Holders may surrender all or any portion of their notes for conversion at any time until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the free convertibility date (as defined under “—Conversions on or after the Free Convertibility Date”), and receive the consideration described below under “—Settlement upon Conversion,” only upon satisfaction of one or more of the conditions described below. However, on and after the free convertibility date, holders may surrender all or any portion of their notes for conversion at any time until the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the stated maturity date regardless of whether any of these conditions are satisfied.

We will settle conversions of notes by paying or delivering, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination thereof at our election as described below under “—Settlement upon Conversion.” If we satisfy our conversion obligation solely in cash or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, the amount of cash and shares of common stock, if any, due upon conversion will be based on a “daily conversion value” calculated for each trading day in the applicable 20 trading-day “conversion period” (each as defined below under “—Settlement upon Conversion”).

Upon conversion of a note, a holder will not receive any additional cash payment for accrued and unpaid interest, if any, unless such holder is the holder on a regular record date and such conversion occurs between such regular record date and the interest payment date to which it relates as described below, and we will not adjust

 

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the conversion rate to account for accrued and unpaid interest. Except as described below, our settlement of conversions as described below under “—Settlement upon Conversion” will be deemed to satisfy our obligation to pay the principal amount of the note and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the conversion date. Upon a conversion of notes into a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, accrued and unpaid interest will be deemed to be paid first out of the cash paid upon such conversion.

Holders of notes at the close of business on a regular record date will receive payment of interest payable on the corresponding interest payment date notwithstanding the conversion of such notes at any time after the close of business on the applicable regular record date. Notes surrendered for conversion by a holder after the close of business on any regular record date but prior to the next interest payment date must be accompanied by payment of an amount equal to the interest that will be payable on the notes; provided, however, that no such payment need be made (1) if we have specified a fundamental change purchase date following a fundamental change or a redemption date that is after a regular record date and on or prior to the business day following the corresponding interest payment date, (2) with respect to any notes surrendered for conversion following the regular record date immediately preceding the stated maturity date or (3) only to the extent of overdue interest, if any overdue interest exists at the time of conversion with respect to such notes.

If a holder converts notes, we will pay any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax due on the issuance of any shares of our common stock upon the conversion of the notes, unless the tax is due because the holder requests such shares to be issued in a name other than the holder’s name, in which case the holder will pay the tax.

Conversion upon Satisfaction of Market Price Condition

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the free convertibility date, holders may surrender all or any portion of their notes for conversion during any calendar quarter commencing after the quarter ending June 30, 2012 if the “closing sale price” (as defined below) of our common stock, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the calendar quarter in which the conversion occurs, is more than 130% of the conversion price of the notes in effect on each applicable trading day.

The “closing sale price” of our common stock on any date means the closing per share sale price (or, if no closing sale price is reported, the average of the bid and ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average bid and the average ask prices) at 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on such date as reported in composite transactions for The NASDAQ Global Market or, if our common stock is not listed on The NASDAQ Global Market, the principal U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which our common stock is listed for trading or, if our common stock is not listed on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange, as reported by OTC Markets Group Inc. at 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) on such date (or in either case the then-standard closing time for regular trading on the relevant exchange or trading system). If the closing sale price of our common stock is not so reported, the “closing sale price” will be the average of the mid-point of the last bid and ask prices for our common stock on the relevant date from each of at least three nationally recognized independent investment banking firms selected by us for this purpose.

Except for purposes of determining settlement amounts, a “trading day” means a day on which (i) The NASDAQ Global Market or, if our common stock is not listed on The NASDAQ Global Market, the principal other U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which our common stock is then listed is open for trading, in each case with a scheduled closing time of 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) or the then-standard closing time for regular trading on the relevant exchange or trading system, or, if our common stock is not so listed, any business day and (ii) a closing sale price for our common stock is available.

A “scheduled trading day” means any day that is scheduled to be a trading day on the principal U.S. national or regional securities exchange or market on which our common stock is listed for trading. If our common stock is not so listed, “scheduled trading day” means a “business day.”

 

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Conversion upon Trading Price of Notes Falling Below 98% of Conversion Value of the Notes

If, prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the free convertibility date, the “trading price” (as defined below) for the notes on each trading day during any five consecutive trading-day period is less than 98% of the closing sale price of our common stock on such date multiplied by the conversion rate in effect on such trading day, a holder may surrender notes for conversion at any time during the following five consecutive trading days.

The bid solicitation agent (which will initially be the trustee) will, on our behalf, determine if the notes are convertible and will notify us and the trustee accordingly. However, the bid solicitation agent will have no obligation to determine the trading price of the notes unless we have requested such determination in writing, and we will have no obligation to make such request unless a holder provides us and the trustee with reasonable evidence that the trading price of the notes on any trading day would be less than 98% of the product of the then-current conversion rate multiplied by the closing sale price of our common stock on that date. At such time, we will instruct the bid solicitation agent to determine the trading price of the notes beginning on such trading day and on each of the next four trading days. If (x) we do not, when we are required to, instruct the bid solicitation agent to obtain bids, or if we give such instruction to the bid solicitation agent and the bid solicitation agent fails to make such determination (including, for the avoidance of doubt, because the bid solicitation agent cannot reasonably obtain at least one qualifying bid (as defined below)), or (y) if we are acting as bid solicitation agent and we fail to make such determination, then, in either case, the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of the notes will be deemed to be less than 98% of the product of the closing sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate for each trading day on which such failure occurs.

“Trading price” means, on any date of determination, the average of the secondary market bid quotations per note obtained by the bid solicitation agent for $5,000,000 principal amount of the notes at approximately 3:30 p.m. (New York City time) on such determination date from three independent nationally recognized securities dealers we select (any such bid quotation, a “qualifying bid”); provided that if at least three qualifying bids cannot reasonably be obtained, but two qualifying bids can reasonably be obtained, then the average of these two qualifying bids shall be used; provided further that, if at least two qualifying bids cannot reasonably be obtained, but one qualifying bid can reasonably be obtained, this one qualifying bid shall be used.

If the trading price condition has been met, we will so notify the holders, the trustee and the conversion agent (if other than the trustee) within two business days. If, at any time after the trading price condition has been met, the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes is greater than or equal to 98% of the product of the closing sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate for such trading day, we will promptly so notify the holders, the trustee and the conversion agent (if other than the trustee).

Conversion upon Specified Corporate Transactions

Conversion upon Certain Distributions

If, prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the free convertibility date, we elect to issue or distribute, as the case may be, to all or substantially all holders of our common stock:

 

   

rights, options or warrants entitling them to subscribe for or purchase, for a period expiring within 60 days after the record date for such issuance, our common stock at a price per share that is less than the closing sale price on the declaration date for such issuance; or

 

   

cash, debt securities (or other evidence of indebtedness) or other assets or securities (excluding dividends or distributions described in clause (1) of the description below under “—Conversion Rate Adjustments”), which distribution has a per share value, as determined by our board of directors (or duly authorized committee thereof), exceeding 10% of the closing sale price of our common stock as of the trading day immediately preceding the declaration date for such distribution,

 

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then, in either case, we must notify holders at least 25 scheduled trading days prior to the ex-dividend date for such distribution. Once we have given such notice, holders may surrender their notes for conversion at any time until the earlier of the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date and our announcement that such issuance or distribution will not take place.

Conversion upon Certain Corporate Events

If a transaction or event that constitutes a “fundamental change” (as defined under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change”) or a “make-whole adjustment event” (as defined under “—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event”) occurs prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the free convertibility date, a holder may surrender notes for conversion at any time from and after the effective date of the transaction or event until the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the related “fundamental change purchase date” (as defined under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change”) or, if there is no such fundamental change purchase date, the 30th scheduled trading day immediately following the effective date of such transaction or event. In some circumstances involving a make-whole adjustment event, a converting holder will also be entitled to an increase in the conversion rate as described below under “—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event.” A holder may also require us to purchase all or a portion of its notes upon the occurrence of a fundamental change as described under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change.”

Holders will also have the right to surrender notes for conversion if we are a party to a consolidation, merger or binding share exchange or a sale, assignment, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of our property and assets that does not also constitute a fundamental change or a make-whole adjustment event, in each case pursuant to which our common stock would be converted into cash, securities or other property. In such event, holders will have the right to surrender notes for conversion at any time beginning on the earlier of (i) the date on which we give notice or make a public announcement of such transaction and (ii) the effective date of such transaction and ending on the 20th scheduled trading day following the effective date of such transaction. To the extent practicable, we will notify holders at least 25 scheduled trading days prior to the anticipated effective date of such transaction, and in no event later than the actual effective date.

Conversion Upon Redemption

If we call any or all of the notes for redemption, holders of the notes will have the right to convert their notes at any time until the close of business on the second business day preceding the redemption date, after which time holders will no longer have the right to convert their notes on account of our delivery of notice of such redemption, unless we default in the payment of the redemption price.

Conversion on or after the Free Convertibility Date

On and after January 1, 2017 (the “free convertibility date”) and until the close of business on the second business day immediately prior to the stated maturity date, holders may surrender all or any portion of their notes for conversion regardless of whether any of the conditions described in “—Conversion upon Satisfaction of Market Price Condition,” “—Conversion upon Trading Price of Notes Falling Below 98% of Conversion Value of the Notes,” “—Conversion upon Specified Corporate Transactions” or “—Conversion upon Redemption” have been satisfied.

Settlement upon Conversion

Upon conversion, we may choose to pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, as described below. We refer to the amount we are required to pay or deliver, as the case may be, upon conversions as our “conversion obligation.”

 

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All conversions on or after the final settlement method election date (as defined below) will be settled, at our election (i) in shares of our common stock (plus cash in lieu of any fractional share), (ii) solely in cash or (iii) in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, if any, with a particular “specified dollar amount” (as defined below), each of which we refer to as a “settlement method.” If we have not delivered to the trustee and all holders a notice of our election of settlement method on or prior to the final settlement method election date, we will, with respect to any conversions on or after the final settlement method election date, be deemed to have elected to satisfy our conversion obligation in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, if any, with a specified dollar amount of $1,000.

For all conversions prior to the final settlement method election date, we will use the same settlement method for all conversions occurring on any given conversion date. We will use the same settlement method for all conversions during any redemption period. Except for any conversions that occur on or after the final settlement method election date or during a redemption period as described above, we will not have any obligation to use the same settlement method with respect to conversions that occur on different conversion dates, unless we have made the irrevocable election described in the following paragraph. Accordingly, until the final settlement method election date, unless we have made such irrevocable election or the relevant conversion date occurs during a redemption period, we may choose in respect of one conversion date to settle conversions in shares of our common stock only and choose in respect of another conversion date to settle in cash or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. If we elect a particular settlement method in connection with any conversion prior to the final settlement method election date, unless we have made the irrevocable election described in the following paragraph or the conversion date occurs during a redemption period, we will inform holders so converting through the trustee of the settlement method we have selected (including the specified dollar amount, if applicable), no later than the second trading day immediately following the related conversion date. If we do not timely make such an election, or if we do not timely elect a settlement method or specified dollar amount (if applicable) for conversions during any redemption period, we will be deemed to have elected to satisfy our conversion obligation in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, if any, with a specified dollar amount of $1,000. If we elect to pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock in respect of our conversion obligation, but we do not timely notify converting holders of the specified dollar amount per $1,000 principal amount of notes, such specified dollar amount will be deemed to be $1,000.

We may, prior to the final settlement method election date, at our option, irrevocably elect to satisfy our conversion obligation in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, if any, with a “specified dollar amount” of $1,000, for all conversions subsequent to our notice, by notice of such election to holders.

Settlement amounts will be computed as follows:

 

   

if we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation in shares of our common stock (plus cash in lieu of any fractional share), we will deliver to the converting holder in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of notes being converted a number of shares of our common stock equal to the conversion rate in effect on the conversion date;

 

   

if we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation solely in cash, we will pay to the converting holder in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of notes being converted cash in an amount equal to the sum of the daily conversion values (as defined below) for each of the 20 consecutive trading days during the related conversion period; and

 

   

if we elect (or are deemed to have elected) to satisfy our conversion obligation in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, we will deliver to holders in respect of each $1,000 principal amount of notes being converted a “settlement amount” equal to the sum of the daily settlement amounts (as defined below) for each of the 20 consecutive trading days during the related conversion period.

 

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“Conversion period” with respect to any note means:

 

   

if the relevant conversion date occurs prior to the 25th scheduled trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date (the “final settlement method election date”) and does not occur during a redemption period, the 20 consecutive trading-day period beginning on, and including, the third trading day immediately following the related conversion date;

 

   

if the relevant conversion date occurs after we have given a notice of redemption and prior to the close of business on the second business day preceding the redemption date (the “redemption period”), the 20 consecutive trading-day period beginning on and including the 22nd scheduled trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; and

 

   

if the relevant conversion date occurs on or after the final settlement method election date and does not occur during a redemption period, the 20 consecutive trading-day period beginning on, and including, the 22nd scheduled trading day immediately preceding the stated maturity date.

The “daily settlement amount,” for each $1,000 aggregate principal amount of notes validly surrendered for conversion, and for each trading day during the conversion period, will consist of:

 

  (1) if (x) the daily conversion value for such trading day exceeds (y) the maximum cash amount per $1,000 principal amount of notes to be received upon conversion as specified in the notice regarding our chosen settlement method (the “specified dollar amount”), if any, divided by 20 (such quotient being referred to as the “daily measurement value”), the sum of:

 

  (a) a cash payment of the daily measurement value, and

 

  (b) a number of shares (the “daily net share number”) equal to

 

  (i) the difference between the daily conversion value and the daily measurement value, divided by

 

  (ii) the daily VWAP of our common stock for such trading day; or

 

  (2) if the daily conversion value for such trading day is less than or equal to the daily measurement value, a cash payment equal to the daily conversion value.

“Daily conversion value” means, for each trading day during the conversion period, one-twentieth (1/20th) of the product of (i) the conversion rate on such trading day and (ii) the daily VWAP of our common stock on such trading day.

No fractional shares will be issued upon conversion. Instead, we will pay cash in lieu of any fractional share based on the daily VWAP of our common stock on the relevant conversion date (if we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation solely in shares of our common stock) or based on the daily VWAP of our common stock on the last trading day of the relevant conversion period (in the case of any other settlement method).

“Daily VWAP” of our common stock (or any security that is part of the reference property into which our common stock has been converted, if applicable, as described below), in respect of any trading day, means the per share volume-weighted average price of our common stock (or other security) as displayed under the heading “Bloomberg VWAP” on Bloomberg Page MDVN Equity AQR (or its equivalent successor if such page is not available, or the Bloomberg Page for any security that is part of the reference property into which our common stock has been converted, if applicable) in respect of the period from the scheduled open of trading until the scheduled close of trading of the primary trading session on such trading day or, if such volume-weighted

 

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average price is unavailable (or the reference property is not a security), the market value of one share of our common stock (or other reference property) on such trading day as determined in good faith by our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof in a commercially reasonable manner, using, if practicable, a volume-weighted average price method (unless the reference property is not a security). The “daily VWAP” will be determined without regard to after-hours trading or any other trading outside the regular trading session.

For the purposes of determining settlement amounts only, “trading day” means a day on which (i) there is no “market disruption event” (as defined below) and (ii) The NASDAQ Global Market or, if our common stock is not listed on The NASDAQ Global Market, the principal other U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which our common stock is then listed is open for trading, in each case with a scheduled closing time of 4:00 p.m. (New York City time) or the then-standard closing time for regular trading on the relevant exchange or trading system, or, if our common stock is not so listed, any business day.

For the purposes of determining settlement amounts only, “market disruption event” means (i) a failure by The NASDAQ Global Market, or if our common stock is not listed on The NASDAQ Global Market, the principal other U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which our common stock is then listed, to open for trading during its regular trading session or (ii) the occurrence or existence for more than one half-hour period in the aggregate on any scheduled trading day for our common stock of any suspension or limitation imposed on trading (by reason of movements in price exceeding limits permitted by The NASDAQ Global Market or otherwise) in our common stock or in any options, contracts or future contracts relating to our common stock, and such suspension or limitation occurs or exists at any time before 1:00 p.m. (New York City time) on such day.

The consideration due upon conversion of the notes will be paid or delivered, as the case may be, through the conversion agent. This payment or delivery, as the case may be, will be made (i) three business days after the conversion date in the case where our conversion obligation consists solely of shares of our common stock (other than cash in lieu of any fractional share) or (ii) three business days after the last day of the conversion period (in the case of any other settlement method); provided, however, that, if as of any conversion date occurring prior to the final settlement method election date, our common stock has been replaced by reference property consisting solely of cash (pursuant to the provisions described under “—Recapitalizations, Reclassifications and Changes to Our Common Stock”), we will pay the conversion consideration due in respect of conversion on the third trading day immediately following the related conversion date, and, notwithstanding the foregoing, no conversion period will apply to those conversions.

Each conversion will be deemed to have been effected immediately prior to the close of business on the conversion date; provided, however, that the person in whose name any shares of our common stock shall be issuable upon such conversion will be treated as the holder of record of such shares as of the close of business on the conversion date (in the case of a conversion obligation that consists solely of shares of our common stock (and cash in lieu of any fractional share)) or the last trading day of the relevant conversion period (in any other case).

Conversion Rate Adjustments

The conversion rate will be adjusted as described below:

(1) If we issue solely shares of our common stock as a dividend or distribution on all or substantially all of our shares of our common stock, or if we subdivide or combine our common stock, the conversion rate will be adjusted based on the following formula:

 

     CR = CR0 ×    OS       
       OS0      

 

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where,

CR0 = the conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the “ex-dividend date” (as defined below) for such dividend or distribution, or immediately prior to the open of business on the effective date of such subdivision or combination of common stock, as the case may be;

CR = the conversion rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, or immediately after the open of business on the effective date of such subdivision or combination of common stock, as the case may be;

OS0 = the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, or immediately prior to the open of business on the effective date of such subdivision or combination of common stock, as the case may be; and

OS = the number of shares of our common stock that would be outstanding immediately after giving effect to such dividend or distribution, or immediately after the effective date of such subdivision or combination of common stock, as the case may be.

Any adjustment made under this clause (1) will become effective immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution, or immediately after the open of business on the effective date of such subdivision or combination of common stock, as the case may be. If such dividend, distribution, subdivision or combination described in this clause (1) is declared but not so paid or made, the conversion rate shall be immediately readjusted, effective as of the date our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof determines not to pay such dividend or distribution or to effect such subdivision or combination, to the conversion rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared or subdivision or combination had not been announced.

(2) If an ex-dividend date occurs for a distribution to all or substantially all holders of our common stock any rights, options or warrants entitling them for a period of not more than 60 calendar days after the record date for such distribution to subscribe for or purchase shares of our common stock, at a price per share less than the closing sale price of our common stock on the trading day immediately preceding the declaration date of such distribution, the conversion rate will be increased based on the following formula:

 

     CR = CR0 ×    OS0 + X     
     OS0 + Y   

where,

CR0 = the conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution;

CR = the conversion rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution;

OS0 = the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution;

X = the total number of shares of our common stock issuable pursuant to such rights, options or warrants; and

Y = the number of shares of our common stock equal to the aggregate price payable to exercise such rights, options or warrants divided by the average of the closing sale prices of our common stock over the 10 consecutive trading-day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the announcement date for such distribution.

 

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Any increase made under this clause (2) will be made successively whenever any such rights, options or warrants are issued and will become effective immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution. If such distribution is not so paid or made, effective as of the date our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof determines not to make distribution, the conversion rate shall be decreased to be the conversion rate that would then be in effect if such distribution had not been declared. To the extent that shares of common stock are not delivered after the expiration of such rights, options or warrants, the conversion rate shall be decreased to the conversion rate that would then be in effect had the increase with respect to the issuance of such rights, options or warrants been made on the basis of delivery of only the number of shares of common stock actually delivered. If such rights, options or warrants are not so distributed, the conversion rate shall be decreased to the conversion rate that would then be in effect if the ex-dividend date for such distribution had not occurred.

For purposes of this clause (2) and for purposes of the first bullet under “—Conversion upon Specified Corporate Transactions—Conversion upon Certain Distributions,” in determining the aggregate price payable for such shares of common stock, there shall be taken into account any consideration we receive for such rights, options or warrants and any amount payable on exercise thereof, with the value of such consideration if other than cash to be determined in good faith by our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof.

(3) If an ex-dividend date occurs for a distribution (the “relevant distribution”) of shares of our capital stock, evidences of our indebtedness or other assets or property of ours or rights, options or warrants to acquire our capital stock or other securities, to all or substantially all holders of our common stock (excluding (i) dividends or distributions and rights, options or warrants as to which an adjustment was effected under clause (1) or (2) above; (ii) dividends or distributions paid exclusively in cash; (iii) spin-offs as defined below in this clause (3), (iv) except as otherwise described below, rights issued pursuant to any stockholder rights plan adopted by us, and (v) any distribution pursuant to a share exchange transaction, as defined below, of cash, securities or other property constituting reference property, as described below under “— Recapitalizations, Reclassifications and Changes to Our Common Stock”), then the conversion rate will be increased based on the following formula:

 

     CR = CR0 ×    SP0     
     SP0 - FMV   

where,

CR0 = the conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution;

CR = the conversion rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution;

SP0 = the average of the closing sale prices of our common stock over the 10 consecutive trading-day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such distribution; and

FMV = the fair market value (as determined in good faith by our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof) of the shares of capital stock, evidences of indebtedness, assets or property or rights, options or warrants distributed with respect to each outstanding share of our common stock as of the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution.

Any increase made under the above portion of this clause (3) will become effective immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution. No adjustment pursuant to the above formula will result in a decrease of the conversion rate. However, if such distribution is not so paid or made, effective as of the date our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof determines not to make such distribution, the

 

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conversion rate shall be decreased to be the conversion rate that would then be in effect if such distribution had not been declared. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if “FMV” (as defined above) is equal to or greater than “SP0” (as defined above), in lieu of the foregoing increase, each holder of a note shall receive, in respect of each $1,000 principal amount thereof, at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of our common stock, without having to convert its notes, the amount and kind of the relevant distribution that such holder would have received if such holder owned on the record date a number of shares of common stock equal to the conversion rate in effect on the ex-dividend date for the distribution.

With respect to an adjustment pursuant to this clause (3) where there has been an ex-dividend date for a dividend or other distribution on our common stock of shares of capital stock of any class or series, or similar equity interest, of or relating to a subsidiary or other business unit, that are, or, when issued, will be, listed or admitted for trading on a U.S. national securities exchange, which we refer to as a “spin-off,” the conversion rate will be increased based on the following formula:

 

     CR = CR0 ×    FMV + MP0     
     MP0   

where,

CR0 = the conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the ex-dividend date for the spin-off;

CR = the conversion rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for the spin-off;

FMV = the average of the closing sale prices of the capital stock or similar equity interest distributed to holders of our common stock applicable to one share of our common stock (determined by reference to the definition of “closing sale price” set forth under “—Conversion upon Satisfaction of Market Price Condition” as if references therein to our common stock were to such capital stock or similar equity interest) over the first five consecutive trading-day period commencing on, and including, the ex-dividend date for the spin-off (such period, the “valuation period”); and

MP0 = the average of the closing sale prices of our common stock over the valuation period.

The adjustment to the conversion rate under the preceding paragraph of this clause (3) will be determined on the last day of the valuation period but will be given effect immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for the spin-off. If the ex-dividend date for the spin-off is less than five trading days prior to, and including, the end of the conversion period in respect of any conversion, references within this clause (3) to five trading days shall be deemed to be replaced, solely in respect of that conversion, with such lesser number of trading days as have elapsed from, and including, the ex-dividend date for the spin-off to, and including, the last trading day of such conversion period. In respect of any conversion during the valuation period for any spin-off, references within this clause (3) related to five trading days shall be deemed to be replaced with such lesser number of trading days as have elapsed from, and including, the ex-dividend date for such spin-off to, but excluding, the relevant conversion date.

(4) If an ex-dividend date occurs for a cash dividend or distribution to all, or substantially all, holders of our outstanding common stock (other than any dividend or distribution in connection with our liquidation, dissolution or winding up), the conversion rate will be increased based on the following formula:

 

     CR = CR0 ×    SP0     
     SP0 –C   

 

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where,

CR0 = the conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution;

CR = the conversion rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such distribution;

SP0 = the average of the closing sale prices of our common stock over the 10 consecutive trading-day period ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the ex-dividend date for such distribution; and

C = the amount in cash per share we pay or distribute to all or substantially all holders of our common stock.

Any increase made under this clause (4) shall become effective immediately after the open of business on the ex-dividend date for such dividend or distribution. No adjustment pursuant to the above formula will result in a decrease of the conversion rate. However, if any dividend or distribution described in this clause (4) is declared but not so paid or made, effective as of the date our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof determines not to make or pay such dividend or distribution, the new conversion rate shall be readjusted to the conversion rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if “C” (as defined above) is equal to or greater than “SP0” (as defined above), in lieu of the foregoing increase, each holder of a note shall receive, for each $1,000 principal amount of notes, at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of shares of our common stock, without having to convert its notes, the amount of cash that such holder would have received if such holder owned on the record date a number of shares of our common stock equal to the conversion rate on the ex-dividend date for such cash dividend or distribution.

(5) If we or any of our subsidiaries makes a payment in respect of a tender or exchange offer (other than an odd lot tender offer) for our common stock and, if the cash and value of any other consideration included in the payment per share of common stock exceeds the closing sale price of our common stock on the trading day next succeeding the last date on which tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer (the “expiration date”), the conversion rate will be increased based on the following formula:

 

     CR = CR0 ×    AC + (OS x SP)     
     OS0 x SP   

where,

CR0 = the conversion rate in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the trading day next succeeding the expiration date;

CR = the conversion rate in effect immediately after the close of business on the trading day next succeeding the expiration date;

AC = the aggregate value of all cash and any other consideration (as determined in good faith by our board of directors or a duly authorized committee thereof) paid or payable for shares purchased in such tender or exchange offer;

OS0 = the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately prior to the time (the “expiration time”) such tender or exchange offer expires (prior to giving effect to such tender or exchange offer);

 

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OS = the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after the expiration time (after giving effect to such tender or exchange offer); and

SP = the closing sale price of our common stock on the trading day next succeeding the expiration date.

Any adjustment to the conversion rate under this clause (5) will be made immediately after the close of business on the trading day next succeeding the expiration date. If we or one of our subsidiaries is obligated to purchase our common stock pursuant to any such tender or exchange offer described in this clause (5) but is permanently prevented by applicable law from effecting any such purchase or all such purchases are rescinded, the new conversion rate will be readjusted to be the conversion rate that would then be in effect if such tender or exchange offer had not been made. No adjustment pursuant to the above formula will result in a decrease of the conversion rate.

As used in this section, “ex-dividend date” means the first date on which the shares of our common stock trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, without the right to receive the issuance, dividend or distribution in question, from us or, if applicable, from the seller of our common stock on such exchange or market (in the form of due bills or otherwise) as determined by such exchange or market.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a conversion rate adjustment becomes effective on any ex-dividend date as described above, and a holder that has converted its notes on or after such ex-dividend date and on or prior to the related record date would be treated as the record holder of shares of our common stock as of the related conversion date as described under “—Settlement upon Conversion” based on an adjusted conversion rate for such ex-dividend date, then, notwithstanding the foregoing conversion rate adjustment provisions, the conversion rate adjustment relating to such ex-dividend date will not be made for such converting holder. Instead, such holder will be treated as if such holder were the record owner of the shares of our common stock on an unadjusted basis and participate in the related dividend, distribution or other event giving rise to such adjustment.

To the extent that our Rights Agreement, dated December 4, 2006, with American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, or any other stockholder rights agreement (i.e., a poison pill), is in effect upon conversion of the notes, you will receive, in addition to any common stock received in connection with such conversion, the rights under the rights plan, unless prior to any conversion, the rights have separated from the common stock, in which case the conversion rate will be adjusted at the time of separation as if we distributed to all holders of our common stock, shares of our capital stock, evidences of indebtedness or other assets or property as described in clause (3) above, subject to readjustment in the event of the expiration, termination or redemption of such rights.

We are permitted to the extent permitted by law and subject to the listing standards of the NASDAQ Global Market to increase the conversion rate of the notes by any amount for a period of at least 20 business days so long as the increase is irrevocable during the period and our board of directors determines that such increase would be in our best interest. We must give at least 15 days’ prior notice of any such increase in the conversion rate. We may also (but are not required to) increase the conversion rate to avoid or diminish income tax to holders of our common stock or rights to purchase shares of our common stock in connection with a dividend or distribution of shares (or rights to acquire shares) or similar events.

You may, in some circumstances, including the distribution of cash dividends to holders of our shares of common stock, be deemed to have received a distribution or dividend subject to U.S. federal income tax as a result of an adjustment or the nonoccurrence of an adjustment to the conversion rate. For a discussion of the U.S. federal income tax treatment of an adjustment to the conversion rate, see “Material United States Federal Income Tax Considerations” below for a relevant discussion.

Adjustments to the conversion rate will be calculated to the nearest 1/10,000th of a share. Notwithstanding anything in this section to the contrary, we will not be required to adjust the conversion rate unless the adjustment would result in a change of at least 1% of the conversion rate. However, we will carry forward any

 

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adjustments that are less than 1% of the conversion rate and make such carried forward adjustments (1) when the cumulative net effect of all adjustments not yet made will result in a change of at least 1% of the conversion rate or (2) regardless of whether the aggregate adjustment is less than 1%, (i) upon any required purchases of the notes in connection with a fundamental change, (ii) on each of the trading days within any conversion period and (iii) upon any conversion of notes.

Whenever any provision of the indenture requires us to calculate the closing sale prices, daily VWAPs, daily conversion values, daily settlement amounts or the “stock price” for purposes of a make-whole adjustment event over a span of multiple days, the board of directors or a committee thereof will make appropriate adjustments to any such variable and/or, if applicable, the amount of cash or number of shares of common stock deliverable upon conversion to account for any adjustment to the conversion rate that becomes effective, or any event requiring an adjustment to the conversion rate where the ex-dividend date, expiration date or effective date of the event occurs, at any time during the period from which such closing sale prices, daily VWAPs, daily conversion values, daily settlement amounts or stock prices are to be calculated.

No adjustment to the conversion rate need be made for a given transaction if holders of the notes will be entitled to participate in that transaction, without conversion of the notes, on the same terms and at the same time as a holder of a number of shares of common stock equal to the principal amount of a holder’s notes divided by $1,000 and multiplied by the conversion rate would be entitled to participate.

If we adjust the conversion rate pursuant to the above provisions, we will deliver to the conversion agent a certificate setting forth the conversion rate, detailing the calculation of the conversion rate and describing the facts upon which the adjustment is based. In addition, we will issue a press release containing the relevant information (and make the press release available on our website).

Recapitalizations, Reclassifications and Changes to Our Common Stock

In the event of:

 

   

any recapitalization, reclassification or change of our common stock (other than changes resulting from a subdivision or combination);

 

   

a consolidation, merger, combination or binding share exchange involving us; or

 

   

a sale, assignment, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition to another person of our property and assets as an entirety or substantially as an entirety,

in each case, in which holders of our outstanding common stock are entitled to receive cash, securities or other property for their shares of our common stock (“reference property” and any such transaction or event, a “share exchange transaction”), holders of each $1,000 principal amount of notes will be entitled thereafter to convert their notes into the kind and amount of shares of stock, other securities or other property or assets (including cash or any combination thereof) that a holder of a number of shares of our common stock equal to the conversion rate immediately prior to such transaction would have owned or been entitled to receive upon such transaction. However, at and after the effective time of any such transaction, (i) we will continue to have the right to determine the form of consideration to be paid or delivered, as the case may be, upon conversion of notes, as set forth under “—Settlement upon Conversion,” (ii) any amount otherwise payable in cash upon conversion of the notes will continue to be payable in cash as described under the provision under “—Settlement upon Conversion,” (iii) any shares of our common stock that we would have been required to deliver upon conversion of the notes as set forth under “—Settlement upon Conversion” will instead be deliverable in the amount and type of reference property that a holder of that number of shares of our common stock would have received in such transaction and (iv) the daily VWAP will be calculated based on the value of a unit of reference property that a holder of one share of our common stock would have received in such transaction. If the notes become convertible into reference property, we will notify the trustee and issue a press release containing the relevant information (and make the press release available on our website).

 

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For purposes of the foregoing, the type and amount of consideration that holders of our common stock are entitled to in the case of reclassifications, consolidations, mergers, combinations, binding share exchanges, sales or transfers of assets or other transactions that cause our common stock to be converted into the right to receive more than a single type of consideration because the holders of our common stock have the right to elect the type of consideration they receive will be deemed to be the weighted average of the types and amounts of consideration received by the holders of our common stock that affirmatively make such an election. We will notify holders of the weighted average as soon as practicable after such determination is made. If the holders receive only cash in such transaction, then for all conversions that occur after the effective date of such transaction and prior to the final settlement method election date (i) the consideration due upon conversion of each $1,000 principal amount of notes shall be solely cash in an amount equal to the conversion rate in effect on the conversion date (as may be increased by any additional shares as described under “—Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event”), multiplied by the price paid per share of common stock in such transaction and (ii) we will satisfy our conversion obligation by paying cash to converting holders on the third business day immediately following the conversion date. We will agree in the indenture not to become a party to any such transaction unless its terms are consistent with the foregoing.

Conversion Procedures

The right of conversion attaching to any note may be exercised (a) if such note is represented by a global security, by book-entry transfer to the conversion agent through the facilities of DTC and compliance with DTC’s then applicable conversion procedures or (b) if such note is represented by a certificated security, by delivery of such note at the specified office of the conversion agent, accompanied by a duly signed and completed notice of conversion and appropriate endorsements and transfer documents. We will pay any documentary, stamp or similar issue or transfer tax on the issuance of any shares of our common stock upon conversion of the notes, unless the tax is due because the holder requests such shares to be issued in a name other than the holder’s name, in which case the holder will pay the tax. We refer to the date a holder complies with the relevant procedures for conversion described above as the “conversion date.”

If you have submitted your notes for purchase upon a fundamental change, you may only convert your notes if you withdraw your purchase notice prior to the fundamental change purchase date, as described below under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change.” If your notes are submitted for purchase upon a fundamental change, your right to withdraw your purchase notice and convert the notes that are subject to purchase will terminate at 5:00 p.m. (New York City time) on the business day immediately preceding such purchase date.

Adjustment to Conversion Rate upon Conversion upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event

If you elect to convert your notes at any time from, and including, the effective date of a “make-whole adjustment event” (as defined below) to, and including, the business day immediately preceding the related fundamental change purchase date, or if a make-whole adjustment event does not also constitute a fundamental change as described below under “—Conversion of Notes—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change,” the 30th scheduled trading day immediately following the effective date of such make-whole adjustment event (such period, the “make-whole adjustment event period”), the conversion rate will be increased by an additional number of shares of common stock (these shares being referred to as the “additional shares”) as described below. We will notify holders, the trustee and the conversion agent of the anticipated effective date of any event that, if consummated, would constitute a make-whole adjustment event, and issue a press release containing the information in such notice as soon as practicable following the first public announcement of such potential make-whole adjustment event.

A “make-whole adjustment event” is (i) any event described in clauses (1) or (2) of the definition of “change in control” as described below under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option Upon a Fundamental Change” (determined after giving effect to any exceptions or exclusions from such definition but without giving effect to the proviso in clause (2) of the definition thereof) and (ii) any “termination of trading” as described below under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option Upon a Fundamental Change.”

 

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The number of additional shares, if any, by which the conversion rate will be increased for conversions in connection with a make-whole adjustment event will be determined by reference to the table below, based on the date on which the make-whole adjustment event occurs or becomes effective, which we refer to as the “effective date,” and (1) the price paid or deemed to be paid per share of our common stock in the change in control in the case of a make-whole adjustment event described in the second clause of the definition of change in control, in the event that our common stock is acquired for cash, or (2) the average of the closing sale prices of our common stock over the five trading-day period ending on the trading day immediately preceding the effective date of such other make-whole adjustment event, in the case of any other make-whole adjustment event. We refer to the amount determined under the first or second clause of the preceding sentence, as applicable, as the “stock price.”

The stock prices set forth in the first row of the table below (i.e., column headers) and the number of additional shares in the table below will be adjusted as of any date on which the conversion rate of the notes is adjusted as described under “—Conversion of Notes—Conversion Rate Adjustments.” The adjusted stock prices will equal the stock prices immediately prior to such adjustment, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the conversion rate immediately prior to the adjustment giving rise to the stock price adjustment and the denominator of which is the conversion rate as so adjusted. The number of additional shares will be adjusted in the same manner and at the same time as the conversion rate as set forth under “—Conversion Rate Adjustments.”

The following table sets forth the number of additional shares to be added to the conversion rate for each $1,000 principal amount of notes based on hypothetical stock prices and effective dates:

 

    Stock Price  

Effective Date

  $ 71.41      $ 80.00      $ 90.00      $ 100.00      $ 110.00      $ 120.00      $ 130.00      $ 133.22      $ 140.00      $ 150.00      $ 175.00      $ 200.00   

March 19, 2012

    4.2450        3.6285        2.9478        2.4357        2.0414        1.7320        1.4850        1.4162        1.2852        1.1215        0.8225        0.6255   

April 1, 2013

    4.2450        3.5336        2.8132        2.2767        1.8684        1.5519        1.3029        1.2341        1.1044        0.9443        0.6601        0.4807   

April 1, 2014

    4.2450        3.3251        2.5430        1.9687        1.5403        1.2169        0.9703        0.9038        0.7806        0.6335        0.3910        0.2555   

April 1, 2015

    4.2450        3.1586        2.2503        1.5532        1.0073        0.5901        0.3016        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000   

April 1, 2016

    4.2450        3.0502        2.1008        1.4019        0.8649        0.4219        0.0325        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000   

April 1, 2017

    4.2450        2.7414        1.3525        0.2414        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000        0.0000   

Notwithstanding anything in the indenture to the contrary, we may not increase the conversion rate to more than 14.0036 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes pursuant to the events described in this section, though we will adjust such number of shares for the same events for which we must adjust the conversion rate as described under “—Conversion of Notes—Conversion Rate Adjustments” above.

The exact stock prices and effective dates may not be set forth in the table above, in which case if the stock price is:

 

   

between two stock prices in the table or the effective date is between two effective dates in the table, the number of additional shares will be determined by a straight-line interpolation between the number of additional shares set forth for the higher and lower stock prices and the earlier and later effective dates, as applicable, based on a 365-day year;

 

   

in excess of $200.00 per share (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the stock prices set forth in the column headings of the table above), no additional shares will be added to the conversion rate; and

 

   

less than $71.41 per share (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the stock prices set forth in the column headings of the table above), no additional shares will be added to the conversion rate.

Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change

If a fundamental change occurs, you will have the option to require us to purchase for cash all or any portion of your notes that is equal to $1,000, or an integral multiple of $1,000, on the day of our choosing that is not less

 

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than 20 or more than 35 business days after the date of the “fundamental change repurchase right notice” (as defined below) (such day, the “fundamental change purchase date”) at a purchase price (the “fundamental change purchase price”) equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be purchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to but excluding the fundamental change purchase date (unless the fundamental change purchase date is after a regular record date and on or prior to the interest payment date to which it relates, in which case interest accrued to the interest payment date will be paid to holders of the notes as of the preceding record date, and the price we are required to pay to the holder surrendering the note for purchase will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of notes subject to purchase and will not include any accrued and unpaid interest).

We will mail to the trustee and to each holder a written notice of the fundamental change within ten business days after the occurrence of such fundamental change (such notice, the “fundamental change repurchase right notice”). This notice shall state certain specified information, including:

 

   

the events causing the fundamental change;

 

   

the effective date of the fundamental change, and whether the fundamental change is a make-whole adjustment event, in which case the notice shall state the effective date of the make-whole adjustment event;

 

   

information about the holders’ right to convert the notes;

 

   

information about the holders’ right to require us to purchase the notes;

 

   

the last date on which a holder may exercise the purchase right;

 

   

the fundamental change purchase price;

 

   

the fundamental change purchase date;

 

   

the conversion rate and any adjustments to the conversion rate;

 

   

the procedures required for exercise of the purchase option upon the fundamental change; and

 

   

the name and address of the paying and conversion agents.

You must deliver written notice of your exercise of this purchase right to the paying agent during the period between the delivery of the fundamental change notice and the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the fundamental change purchase date. The written notice must specify the notes for which the purchase right is being exercised. If you wish to withdraw this election, you must provide a written notice of withdrawal to the paying agent at any time until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding to the fundamental change purchase date. If the notes are not in certificated form, the notice given by each holder (and any withdrawal notice) must comply with applicable DTC procedures.

“Fundamental change” means the occurrence of a change in control or a termination of trading.

A “change in control” will be deemed to have occurred if any of the following occurs after the time the notes are originally issued:

 

  (1) any “person” or “group” within the meaning of Section 13(d) under the Exchange Act, other than us, our subsidiaries and our or their employee benefit plans, files a Schedule TO or any schedule, form or report under the Exchange Act disclosing, or we otherwise become aware, that such person or group has or becomes the direct or indirect “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, of shares of our voting stock representing 50% or more of the total voting power of all outstanding classes of our voting stock entitled to vote generally in elections of directors;

 

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  (2) the consummation of (A) any recapitalization, reclassification or change of our common stock (other than changes resulting from a subdivision or combination) as a result of which our common stock would be converted into, or exchanged for, stock, other securities, other property or assets; (B) any share exchange, consolidation or merger of us pursuant to which our common stock will be converted into cash, securities or other property; or (C) any sale, lease or other transfer in one transaction or a series of transactions of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of us and our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any person other than one of our subsidiaries; provided that a transaction described in clause (A) or (B) above pursuant to which the persons that “beneficially owned,” directly or indirectly, the shares of our voting stock immediately prior to such transaction “beneficially own,” directly or indirectly, shares of our voting stock representing at least a majority of the total voting power of all outstanding classes of voting stock of the surviving or transferee person and such holders’ proportional voting power immediately after such transaction vis-à-vis each other with respect to the securities they receive in such transaction will be in substantially the same proportions as their respective voting power vis-à-vis each other immediately prior to such transaction will not constitute a “change in control”;

 

  (3) the holders of our capital stock approve any plan or proposal for the liquidation or dissolution of us (whether or not otherwise in compliance with the indenture).

However, notwithstanding the foregoing, a transaction or series of related transactions described in clause (1) or (2) above will not constitute a “change in control” if at least 90% of the consideration paid for our common stock in such transaction or transactions, excluding cash payments for any fractional share and cash payments made pursuant to dissenters’ appraisal rights, consists of shares of common stock (or American Depositary Receipts representing common stock) traded on The New York Stock Exchange, The NASDAQ Global Select Market or The NASDAQ Global Market (or any of their respective successors), or will be so traded immediately following such transaction or transactions, and, as a result therefrom, such consideration becomes the reference property for the notes.

A “termination of trading” means our common stock (or other common stock or American Depositary Receipts representing common stock into which the notes are then convertible) ceases to be listed or quoted on any of The New York Stock Exchange, The NASDAQ Global Select Market or The NASDAQ Global Market (or any of their respective successors).

The term “all or substantially all” as used in the definition of change in control in respect of the sale, lease or transfer of our assets will likely be interpreted under applicable state law and will be dependent upon particular facts and circumstances. Although there is a developing body of case law interpreting the phrase “substantially all,” there is no precise, established definition of this phrase under applicable law. As a result, we cannot assure you how a court would interpret this phrase under applicable law if you elect to exercise your rights following the occurrence of a transaction which you believe constitutes a transfer of “all or substantially all” of our assets.

We will be required to purchase notes that have been validly surrendered for purchase and not withdrawn on the fundamental change purchase date. You will receive payment of the fundamental change purchase price promptly following the later of the fundamental change purchase date or the time of book-entry transfer or the delivery of your notes. If the paying agent holds money sufficient to pay the fundamental change purchase price of the notes on the fundamental change purchase date, then:

 

   

the notes will cease to be outstanding and interest will cease to accrue (whether or not book-entry transfer of the notes is made or whether or not the note is delivered to the paying agent); and

 

   

all other rights of the holder will terminate (other than the right to receive the fundamental change purchase price and, if the fundamental change purchase date is after a regular record date and on or prior to the related interest payment date, the right of the record holder to receive the related interest payment).

 

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In connection with any purchase of notes in the event of a fundamental change, we will, in accordance with the indenture:

 

   

comply with the provisions of Rule 13e-4, Rule 14e-1 and any other tender offer rules under the Exchange Act, to the extent any such rules are applicable;

 

   

file a Schedule TO or any successor or similar schedule, if required, under the Exchange Act; and

 

   

otherwise comply with all federal and state securities laws in connection with any offer by us to purchase the notes upon a fundamental change.

No notes may be purchased by us at the option of holders upon a fundamental change if the principal amount of the notes has been accelerated, and such acceleration has not been rescinded, on or prior to the purchase date for such fundamental change (except in the case of an acceleration resulting from a default by us in the payment of the fundamental change purchase price with respect to such notes).

The fundamental change purchase feature may make more difficult or discourage a takeover of us and the removal of incumbent management. We are not, however, aware of any specific effort to accumulate shares of our common stock or to obtain control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, solicitation or otherwise. In addition, the fundamental change purchase feature is not part of a plan by management to adopt a series of anti-takeover provisions. Instead, the fundamental change purchase feature is a standard term contained in other similar convertible debt offerings.

We could, in the future, enter into certain transactions, including recapitalizations, that would not constitute a fundamental change but would increase the amount of debt, including senior indebtedness, outstanding, or otherwise adversely affect a holder. Neither we nor our subsidiaries are prohibited from incurring debt, including senior indebtedness, under the indenture. The incurrence of significant amounts of additional debt could adversely affect our ability to service our debt, including the notes.

If a fundamental change were to occur, we may not have sufficient funds to pay the fundamental change purchase price for the notes tendered by holders. We may in the future incur debt that may contain provisions prohibiting purchase of the notes under some circumstances or expressly prohibiting our purchase of the notes upon a fundamental change or may provide that a fundamental change constitutes an event of default under that agreement. If a fundamental change occurs at a time when we are prohibited from purchasing notes, we could seek the consent of our lenders to purchase the notes or attempt to refinance this debt. If we do not obtain any required consent, we would not be permitted to purchase the notes. Our failure to purchase tendered notes would constitute an event of default under the indenture, which could constitute an event of default under our senior indebtedness then outstanding, if any, and might constitute a default under the terms of our other indebtedness then outstanding, if any.

Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets

We may not consolidate with, enter into a binding share exchange with, or merge with or into, another person or sell, assign, convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of our properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any successor person, unless:

 

   

the successor person, if any, is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the United States, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia and expressly assumes by supplemental indenture all of our obligations under the notes and the indenture; and

 

   

immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no default or event of default shall have occurred and be continuing.

 

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Upon any such consolidation, merger or transfer, the resulting, surviving or transferee corporation (if not us) shall succeed to us, and may exercise every right and power of ours, under the indenture.

Although these types of transactions are permitted under the indenture, certain of the foregoing transactions could constitute a “change in control” permitting each holder to require us to purchase the notes of such holder as described above.

The section of the accompanying prospectus entitled “Description of Debt Securities—Consolidation, Merger or Sale” will not apply to the notes.

Events of Default

In lieu of the events of default described in the first paragraph under “Description of Debt Securities—Events of Default Under the Indenture” in the accompanying prospectus, each of the following will constitute an event of default under the indenture:

 

  (1) we fail to pay the principal of any note when due;

 

  (2) we fail to pay or deliver, as the case may be, the conversion obligation owing upon conversion of any note (including any additional shares or cash in lieu thereof) within five calendar days;

 

  (3) we fail to pay any interest on any note when due, and such failure continues for 30 days;

 

  (4) we fail to pay the fundamental change purchase price or redemption price of any note when due;

 

  (5) we fail to provide timely notice of a specified corporate transaction, a fundamental change or a make-whole adjustment event in accordance with the terms of the indenture;

 

  (6) we fail to perform any other covenant required of us in the indenture (other than a covenant or agreement a default in whose performance or whose breach is specifically dealt with in clauses (1) through (5) above) and such failure continues for 60 days after notice is given in accordance with the indenture;

 

  (7) any indebtedness for money borrowed by, or any other payment obligation of, us or any of our subsidiaries that is a significant subsidiary (as defined below), in an outstanding principal amount, individually or in the aggregate, in excess of $40 million is not paid at final maturity (or when otherwise due) or is accelerated, and such indebtedness is not discharged (or such default in payment or acceleration is not cured or rescinded) within 30 days after such due date or acceleration, as the case may be;

 

  (8) we fail or any of our subsidiaries that is a significant subsidiary fails to pay one or more final and non-appealable judgments entered by a court or courts of competent jurisdiction, the aggregate uninsured or unbonded portion of which is in excess of $40 million, if the judgments are not paid, discharged or stayed within 30 days; and

 

  (9) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of us or any of our subsidiaries that is a significant subsidiary.

A “significant subsidiary” is a subsidiary that is a “significant subsidiary” as defined under Rule 1-02(w) of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act; provided that, in the case of a subsidiary that meets the criteria of clause (3) of the definition thereof but not clause (1) or (2) thereof, such subsidiary shall not be deemed to be a significant subsidiary unless the subsidiary’s income from continuing operations before income taxes,

 

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extraordinary items and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle exclusive of amounts attributable to any non-controlling interests for the last completed fiscal year prior to the date of such determination exceeds $25 million.

If an event of default, other than an event of default described in clause (9) above with respect to us, occurs and is continuing, either the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding notes may declare the principal amount of the notes to be due and payable immediately. If an event of default described in clause (9) above occurs with respect to us, the principal amount of the notes and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, will automatically become immediately due and payable.

After any such acceleration, but before a judgment or decree based on acceleration, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the notes may, under certain circumstances, rescind and annul such acceleration if all events of default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal, have been cured or waived.

The events of default and the remedies and waiver provisions described in the first three paragraphs under “Description of Debt Securities—Events of Default Under the Indenture” in the accompanying prospectus will not apply to the notes and will be superseded by the events of default and remedies and waiver provisions described in this “—Events of Default” section.

Notwithstanding the foregoing and notwithstanding the remedies afforded to holders upon the occurrence and during the continuation of an event of default as set forth under “Description of Debt Securities—Events of Default Under the Indenture” in the accompanying prospectus, if we so elect, the sole remedy under the indenture for an event of default relating to (i) our failure to file with the trustee pursuant to Section 314(a)(1) of the Trust Indenture Act any documents or reports that we are required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or (ii) the failure to comply with our reporting obligations to the trustee and the SEC, as described under “—Reports” below, will, for the 365 days after the occurrence of such an event of default, consist exclusively of the right to receive additional interest on the notes. For the first 180 days during which such event of default is continuing, additional interest will accrue on the notes at a rate equal to 0.25% per annum of the principal amount of the notes then outstanding. If such event of default is still continuing on the 181st day after it first occurred, such additional interest will accrue during the next 185 days during which such event of default is continuing at a rate of 0.50% per annum of the principal amount of notes then outstanding. Any such additional interest will be payable in the same manner and on the same dates as the stated interest payable on the notes. If the event of default is continuing on the 366th day after an event of default relating to a failure to comply with the reporting obligations described above first occurs, the notes will be subject to acceleration as provided above. The provisions of the indenture described in this paragraph will not affect the rights of holders of notes in the event of the occurrence of any other events of default.

In order to elect to pay additional interest as the sole remedy during the first 365 days after the occurrence of an event of default relating to the failure to comply with the reporting obligations in accordance with the immediately preceding paragraph, we must notify in writing all holders of record of notes and the trustee and paying agent of such election on or before the close of business on the business day prior to the date on which such event of default would otherwise occur. Upon our failure to timely give such notice or pay additional interest, the notes will be immediately subject to acceleration as provided above.

The limitation on the right of holders to institute a proceeding under the indenture or seek other remedies described in the third to last paragraph under “Description of Debt Securities—Events of Default Under the Indenture” in the accompanying prospectus will not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of notes upon our failure to pay or deliver the consideration due upon conversion of any note within the time period required by the indenture.

Generally, the holders of not less than a majority of the aggregate principal amount of outstanding notes may waive any default or event of default unless:

 

   

we fail to pay the principal of or any interest on any note when due;

 

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we fail to pay or deliver the consideration due upon conversion of any note within the time period required by the indenture; or

 

   

we fail to comply with any of the provisions of the indenture that would require the consent of the holder of each outstanding note affected.

Payments of the fundamental change purchase price, redemption price, principal and interest that are not made when due will accrue interest per annum at the then-applicable interest rate.

If any portion of the amount payable on the notes upon acceleration is considered by a court to be unearned interest (through the allocation of the value of the instrument to the embedded warrant or otherwise), the court could disallow recovery of any such portion.

Modification and Waiver

Except as described below, the indenture may be modified or amended as described under “Description of Debt Securities—Modification of Indenture; Waiver” in the accompanying prospectus. Notwithstanding the provisions of the indenture described under “Description of Debt Securities—Modification of Indenture; Waiver” in the accompanying prospectus, in addition to the limitations described in such section, no amendment, supplement or waiver may be made to the indenture without the consent of each holder of outstanding notes affected thereby if such amendment, supplement or waiver would:

 

   

change the stated maturity of the principal of the notes;

 

   

reduce the amount of principal payable upon acceleration of the maturity of the notes;

 

   

change the currency of payment of principal of or interest on the notes or change any note’s place of payment;

 

   

impair the right of any holder to receive payment of principal of and interest on such holder’s notes on or after the due dates therefor or to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on, or with respect to, the notes;

 

   

modify the provisions with respect to the purchase rights of the holders as described above under “—Purchase of Notes at Your Option upon a Fundamental Change” or the provisions with respect to our redemption rights as described under “—Optional Redemption” above, in each case, in a manner adverse to holders of notes;

 

   

change the ranking of the notes; or

 

   

adversely affect the right of holders to convert notes, or reduce the conversion rate.

In addition to the other permitted amendments described in “Description of Debt Securities—Modification of Indenture; Waiver” in the accompanying prospectus, we and the trustee may amend or supplement the indenture or the notes without notice to, or the consent of, the holders of the notes to:

 

   

cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency that does not adversely affect holders of the notes;

 

   

provide for the assumption by a successor corporation of our obligations under the indenture and otherwise comply with the provisions described above under “—Consolidation, Merger or Sale of Assets”;

 

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provide that the notes are convertible into reference property and effect any other changes to the terms of the notes required under the indenture in connection therewith;

 

   

make any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder; or

 

   

conform the provisions of the indenture to the “Description of Debt Securities” section in the accompanying prospectus, as supplemented and amended by the “Description of the Notes” section in the preliminary prospectus supplement and the related pricing term sheet as evidenced in an officers’ certificate.

The first, second, fifth and sixth bullet points in the first paragraph of the “Description of Debt Securities—Modification of Indenture; Waiver” section of the accompanying prospectus will not apply to the notes.

Satisfaction and Discharge

We may satisfy and discharge our obligations under the indenture by delivering to the registrar for cancellation all outstanding notes or depositing with the trustee or delivering to the holders, as applicable, after all outstanding notes have become due and payable, whether at the stated maturity, at any fundamental change purchase date or upon conversion (and determination of related settlement amounts) or otherwise, cash or (in the case of conversion) cash and shares of our common stock, if any, sufficient to pay all of the outstanding notes or satisfy our conversion obligations, as the case may be, and pay all other sums payable under the indenture by us. Such discharge is subject to terms contained in the indenture.

The section entitled “Description of Debt Securities—Discharge” in the accompanying prospectus will not apply to the notes.

Transfer, Exchange and Conversion; Payment

We will maintain an office in New York City where the notes may be presented for registration of transfer, exchange or conversion, and such office will be the place of payment for the notes. This office will initially be an office or agency of the trustee. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary under “Description of Debt Securities—Form, Exchange and Transfer,” any tax or similar governmental charge required by law or permitted by the indenture because a holder requests any shares to be issued in a name other than such holder’s name will be paid by such holder. We are not required to transfer or exchange any note surrendered for purchase or conversion except for any portion of that note not being purchased or converted, as the case may be.

We reserve the right to:

 

   

vary or terminate the appointment of the registrar, paying agent or conversion agent;

 

   

appoint additional paying agents or conversion agents; or

 

   

approve any change in the office through which any registrar or any paying agent or conversion agent acts.

Purchase and Cancellation

The registrar, paying agent and conversion agent (if other than the trustee) will forward to the trustee any notes surrendered to them by holders for transfer, exchange, payment, redemption or conversion. All notes delivered to the trustee shall be cancelled promptly by the trustee in the manner provided in the indenture and may not be reissued or resold. No notes shall be authenticated in exchange for any notes cancelled, except as provided in the indenture.

 

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We may, to the extent permitted by law, and directly or indirectly (regardless of whether such notes are surrendered to us), purchase notes in the open market or by tender offer at any price or by private agreement. We will cause any notes so purchased (other than notes purchased pursuant to cash-settled swaps or other derivatives) to be surrendered to the trustee for cancellation, and they will no longer be considered “outstanding” under the indenture upon their repurchase.

Reports

So long as any notes are outstanding, we will (i) file with the SEC within the time periods prescribed by its rules and regulations and (ii) furnish to the trustee and the holders of the notes within 15 days after the date on which we would be required to file the same with the SEC pursuant to its rules and regulations (giving effect to any grace period provided by Rule 12b-25 under the Exchange Act), all quarterly and annual financial information required to be contained in Forms 10-Q and 10-K. We shall not be required to file any report or other information with the SEC if the SEC does not permit such filing, although such reports will be required to be furnished to the trustee. Documents filed by us with the SEC via the EDGAR system will be deemed to have been furnished to the trustee and the holders of the notes as of the time such documents are filed via EDGAR. The trustee will have no responsibility whatsoever to determine if such filings have been made.

Replacement of Notes

We will replace mutilated, destroyed, stolen or lost notes at the expense of the holder upon delivery to the trustee of the mutilated notes, or evidence of the loss, theft or destruction of the notes satisfactory to us and the trustee. In the case of a lost, stolen or destroyed note, indemnity satisfactory to the trustee and us will be required at the expense of the holder of such note before a replacement note will be issued.

Calculations in Respect of the Notes

We and our agents will be responsible for making many of the calculations called for under the indenture and the notes. These calculations include, but are not limited to, determinations of the closing sale price of our common stock, any adjustments to the conversion rate, the consideration deliverable in respect of any conversion and accrued interest payable on the notes. We will make all these calculations in good faith and, absent manifest error, our calculations will be final and binding on the holders of notes. We will provide a schedule of our calculations to each of the trustee and the conversion agent, and each of the trustee and conversion agent is entitled to rely conclusively upon the accuracy of our calculations without independent verification. The trustee will forward our calculations to any holder upon the written request of that holder.

Notices

Except as otherwise described herein, notice to registered holders of the notes will be given to the addresses as they appear in the security register. Notices will be deemed to have been given on the date of such mailing or electronic delivery. Whenever a notice is required to be given by us, such notice may be given by the trustee on our behalf upon our prior written request.

Governing Law; Jurisdiction

The indenture provides that it and the notes will be deemed to be a contract made under the internal laws of the State of New York, and for all purposes will be construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.

In addition, in the indenture we: (a) agree that any suit, action or proceeding against it arising out of or relating to the indenture or any notes, as the case may be, may be instituted in any U.S. federal court with applicable subject matter jurisdiction sitting in The City of New York; (b) waive, to the fullest extent permitted

 

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by applicable law, any objection that we may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such suit, action or proceeding, and any claim that any suit, action or proceeding in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum; and (c) submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any suit, action or proceeding.

Concerning the Trustee

Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, has agreed to serve as the trustee under the indenture. The trustee will be permitted to deal with us and our affiliates with the same rights as if it were not trustee.

We may maintain banking relationships in the ordinary course of business with the trustee and its affiliates.

Book-Entry, Delivery and Form

We will initially issue the notes in the form of one or more global securities. The global security will be deposited with the trustee as custodian for The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, and registered in the name of Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC. Except as set forth below, the global security may be transferred, in whole and not in part, only to DTC or another nominee of DTC. You may hold your beneficial interests in the global security directly through DTC if you have an account with DTC or indirectly through organizations that have accounts with DTC. Notes in definitive, fully registered, certificated form, referred to as “certificated securities,” will be issued only in certain limited circumstances described below.

DTC has advised us that it is:

 

   

a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York;

 

   

a “banking organization” within the meaning of the New York State Banking Law;

 

   

a member of the Federal Reserve System;

 

   

a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code; and

 

   

a “clearing agency” registered under Section 17A of the Exchange Act.

DTC was created to hold securities of institutions that have accounts with DTC, referred to as “participants,” and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among its participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC’s participants include securities brokers and dealers, which may include the underwriters, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations. Access to DTC’s book-entry system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies, referred to as the “indirect participants,” that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a participant, whether directly or indirectly.

Book-Entry Procedures for the Global Notes

We expect that, pursuant to procedures established by DTC upon the deposit of the global security with DTC, DTC will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the principal amount of notes represented by such global security to the accounts of participants. The accounts to be credited shall be designated by the underwriters. Ownership of beneficial interests in the global security will be limited to participants or persons that may hold interests through participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in the global security will be shown on, and the transfer of those beneficial interests will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to participants’ interests), the participants and the indirect participants.

 

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The laws of some jurisdictions may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. These limits and laws may impair the ability to transfer or pledge beneficial interests in the global security.

Owners of beneficial interests in global securities who desire to convert their interests into common stock should contact their brokers or other participants or indirect participants through whom they hold such beneficial interests to obtain information on procedures, including proper forms and cut-off times, for submitting requests for conversion.

So long as DTC, or its nominee, is the registered owner or holder of a global security, DTC or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the notes represented by the global security for all purposes under the indenture and the notes. In addition, no owner of a beneficial interest in a global security will be able to transfer that interest except in accordance with the applicable procedures of DTC. Except as set forth below, as an owner of a beneficial interest in the global security, you will not be entitled to have the notes represented by the global security registered in your name, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of certificated securities and will not be considered to be the owner or holder of any notes under the global security. We understand that under existing industry practice, if an owner of a beneficial interest in the global security desires to take any action that DTC, as the holder of the global security, is entitled to take, DTC would authorize the participants to take such action, and the participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through such participants to take such action or would otherwise act upon the instructions of beneficial owners owning through them.

We will make payments of principal of, and any interest on, the notes represented by the global security registered in the name of and held by DTC or its nominee to DTC or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered owner and holder of the global security. Neither we, the trustee nor any of its or our respective agents will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial interests in the global security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial interests.

We expect that DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any payment of principal of, or any interest on, the global security, will credit participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the principal amount of the global security as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. We also expect that payments by participants or indirect participants to owners of beneficial interests in the global security held through such participants or indirect participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices and will be the responsibility of such participants or indirect participants. Neither we, the trustee nor any of its or our respective agents will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to, or payments made on account of, beneficial interests in the global security for any note or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and its participants or indirect participants or the relationship between such participants or indirect participants and the owners of beneficial interests in the global security owning through such participants.

Transfers between participants in DTC will be effected in the ordinary way in accordance with DTC rules and will be settled in same-day funds.

DTC has advised us that it will take any action permitted to be taken by a holder of notes only at the direction of one or more participants to whose account the DTC interests in the global security is credited and only in respect of such portion of the aggregate principal amount of notes as to which such participant or participants has or have given such direction. However, (i) DTC will exchange the global security for certificated securities that it will distribute to its participants if (a) DTC notifies us at any time that it is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary for the global notes and a successor depositary is not appointed within 90 days; or (b) DTC ceases to be registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act and a successor depositary is not

 

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appointed within 90 days; or (ii) if an event of default with respect to the notes has occurred and is continuing and any beneficial owner requests that its notes be issued in physical, certificated form, DTC will exchange the corresponding portion of the global security for a physical, certificated security, which it will distribute to such beneficial owner.

Although DTC is expected to follow the foregoing procedures in order to facilitate transfers of interests in the global security among participants of DTC, it is under no obligation to perform or continue to perform such procedures, and such procedures may be discontinued at any time. Neither we, the trustee nor any of its or our respective agents will have any responsibility, or liability, for the performance by DTC or the participants or indirect participants of their respective obligations under the rules and procedures governing their respective operations.

 

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MATERIAL UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following discussion is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences relevant to the purchase, ownership and disposition of the notes and of the ownership and disposition of common stock received upon a conversion of the notes, but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all potential tax effects. This discussion only applies to initial holders of notes who purchase notes at the “issue price”, which will equal the first price to the public (not including bond houses, brokers or similar persons or organizations acting in the capacity of underwriters, placement agents or wholesalers) at which a substantial amount of the notes is sold for money. This discussion assumes that each holder holds the notes and common stock received upon a conversion of the notes as a capital asset.

This discussion does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to holders in light of their particular circumstances or to holders subject to special rules, such as:

 

   

certain financial institutions;

 

   

tax-exempt organizations;

 

   

insurance companies;

 

   

dealers in stock and securities or foreign currencies;

 

   

traders in securities who elect the mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities;

 

   

personal holding companies;

 

   

regulated investment companies;

 

   

real estate investment trusts;

 

   

persons holding notes or common stock as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion or other integrated or risk reduction transaction;

 

   

U.S. Holders (as defined below) whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;

 

   

S corporations;

 

   

partnerships or other entities classified as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

 

   

persons that own, or are deemed to beneficially own, more than 5% of the fair market value of the notes or more than 5% of our common stock or persons that, on the date of acquisition of the notes, own notes with a fair market value of more than 5% of the fair market value of our common stock;

 

   

persons subject to the alternative minimum tax; or

 

   

certain former citizens or former long-term residents of the United States.

If a partnership or other entity classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes holds notes or common stock, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding notes or common stock, you should consult your tax advisor.

This summary is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended to the date hereof, or the Code, administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed Treasury regulations, changes to any of which subsequent to the date of this prospectus supplement may affect the tax consequences

 

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described herein (possibly with retroactive effect). The summary does not address federal tax consequences other than income tax consequences or any state, local or foreign tax consequences. Persons considering the purchase of notes are urged to consult their tax advisors with regard to the application of the U.S. federal income tax laws to their particular situations as well as any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or foreign taxing jurisdiction. We have not sought, nor will we seek, any rulings from the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, with respect to the matters discussed below. There can be no assurance that the IRS will not take a different position concerning the tax consequences of the purchase, ownership or disposition of the notes or common stock or that any such position would not be sustained.

Prospective investors should consult their own independent tax advisors with regard to the application of the tax consequences discussed below to their particular situations as well as the application of any state, local foreign or other tax laws, including gift and estate tax laws and any applicable tax treaty.

U.S. Holders

As used herein, “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of a note or common stock who or that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

   

an individual that is a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

   

a corporation or other entity taxable as a corporation created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

   

an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or

 

   

a trust, if a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over the administration of the trust and one or more U.S. persons can control all substantial trust decisions, or, if the trust was in existence on August 20, 1996, it has elected to continue to be treated as a U.S. person.

Interest

It is expected, and this discussion assumes, that the notes will be issued at an issue price equal to their principal amount and that accordingly the notes will be issued without original issue discount for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, interest paid on a note will be taxable to a U.S. Holder as ordinary interest income at the time it accrues or is received in accordance with the holder’s method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Contingent Payments

In certain circumstances (see “Description of Notes—Events of Default”), we may be obligated to pay amounts in excess of the stated interest and principal payable on the notes, which may implicate the provisions of Treasury Regulations relating to “contingent payment debt instruments”. We believe there is only a remote possibility that we will be obligated to make any such contingent payments on the notes and therefore intend to take the position that the notes should not be treated as contingent payment debt instruments. Assuming such position is respected, a U.S. Holder would be required to include the amount of any such payments in income as ordinary interest income at the time such payments are received or accrued in accordance with such U.S. Holder’s method of accounting for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If the IRS successfully challenged this position, and the notes were treated as contingent payment debt instruments because of the possibility of such payments, U.S. Holders might, among other things, be required to accrue interest income at a higher rate than the stated interest rate on the notes and to treat any gain recognized on the sale or other disposition of a note (including any gain realized on the conversion of a note) as ordinary income rather than as capital gain. Our

 

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determination that the notes are not contingent payment debt instruments is binding on each U.S. Holder unless such holder discloses a contrary position to the IRS in the manner that is required by applicable Treasury Regulations. The remainder of this discussion assumes that the notes are not treated as contingent payment debt instruments.

Purchasers of notes are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible application of the contingent payment debt instrument rules to the notes.

Sale, Exchange or Redemption of the Notes

Upon the sale, exchange or redemption of a note (other than a conversion solely into common stock, as described in “—Conversion of the Notes Solely for Common Stock” below, or conversion into cash and common stock, as described in “—Conversion of the Notes for Cash and Common Stock” below), a U.S. Holder will generally recognize taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between (1) the amount of cash proceeds and the fair market value of any property received on the sale, exchange or redemption (except to the extent such amount is attributable to accrued interest, which is taxable as ordinary income if not previously included in income) and (2) such U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in the note. A U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in a note generally will be the U.S. Holder’s cost therefor, plus the amount, if any, included in income on an adjustment to the conversion rate of the notes, as described in “—Constructive Distributions” below. Such recognized gain or loss generally will be capital gain or loss, and if the U.S. Holder is an individual that has held the note for more than one year, such capital gain will generally be subject to tax at long-term capital gain rates. A U.S. Holder’s ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.

Conversion of the Notes Solely for Common Stock

If a U.S. Holder receives solely common stock upon conversion of a note such U.S. Holder would not recognize any income, gain or loss upon such conversion, except with respect to any cash received in lieu of a fractional share of stock (which will be treated as if such fractional share had been received then sold and the sale treated as described under “—Sale, Exchange, or Other Disposition of Common Stock”) and with respect to any common stock attributable to accrued interest (which will be treated as described under “—Interest” above). A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the stock received upon conversion generally would equal such holder’s tax basis in the note converted, and the U.S. Holder’s holding period for such common stock generally would include the period during which the U.S. Holder held the note.

Conversion of the Notes for Cash and Common Stock

If a U.S. Holder receives a combination of common stock and cash upon conversion of a note, the treatment of the U.S. Holder is unclear and will depend on whether the conversion is treated as a recapitalization for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If the conversion is treated as a recapitalization for U.S. federal income tax purposes, a U.S. Holder generally would not recognize loss, but would recognize gain, if any, on a note so converted, in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the fair market value of the common stock and cash received (other than amounts attributable to accrued interest, which will be treated as such as described under “—Interest” above) minus the holder’s adjusted tax basis in the notes converted and (ii) the amount of cash received (other than cash attributable to accrued interest or cash received in lieu of a fractional share). Such gain generally would be capital gain and would be long-term capital gain if the note has been held for more than one year at the time of the conversion. The amount of gain or loss recognized on the receipt of cash in lieu of a fractional share would be equal to the difference between the amount of cash a U.S. Holder receives in respect of the fractional share and the portion of the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the note that is allocable to the fractional share. A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in a fractional share would be determined by allocating the holder’s tax basis in the common stock between the common stock received upon conversion and the fractional share, in accordance with their respective fair market values. In such case, the U.S. Holder’s aggregate tax basis in the common stock received (other than stock received with respect to accrued interest but including any basis allocable to a fractional share) would equal

 

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the holder’s adjusted tax basis in the note converted, increased by the amount of gain recognized (other than with respect to a fractional share) and decreased by the amount of cash received (other than cash received in respect of accrued interest or a fractional share). The U.S. Holder’s holding period for shares of common stock (other than common stock received with respect to accrued interest) would include the period during which the holder held such note. A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in any common stock received with respect to accrued interest would equal the fair market value of the stock received, and the holding period for such common stock would begin on the day following the date of receipt.

An alternative characterization would treat the transaction as consisting of a nontaxable conversion of a portion of each note into common stock (other than common stock attributable to accrued interest) and a taxable redemption of the remaining portion of each note for cash. In that event, a U.S. Holder would not recognize any income, gain or loss with respect to the portion of the notes treated as converted into common stock, except with respect to any cash received in lieu of a fractional share of stock or any common stock attributable to accrued interest (which will be treated as described under “—Interest” above). A U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the stock received upon conversion generally would equal the portion of such holder’s tax basis in the note allocable to the portion of the note treated as converted, and the U.S. Holder’s holding period for such common stock generally would include the period during which the U.S. Holder held the note. A U.S. Holder would generally recognize gain or loss in respect of the portion of the note treated as redeemed for cash equal to the difference between the amount of cash received (other than amounts attributable to accrued interest) and the U.S. Holder’s tax basis allocable to such portion of the note. Gain or loss recognized would be long-term if the U.S. Holder held the note for more than one year. Although federal income tax law is not entirely clear on the point, in such case, the holder’s basis in the note would be allocated pro rata between the common stock and the cash received, in accordance with their fair market values. U.S. Holders should consult their own advisors concerning the tax treatment to them if the notes are converted for a combination of our common stock and cash.

Constructive Distributions

Holders of convertible debt instruments such as the notes may, in certain circumstances that increase a U.S. Holder’s proportionate interest in our assets or earnings and profits, be deemed to have received constructive distributions where the conversion rate of such instrument is adjusted. Adjustments to the conversion rate made pursuant to a bona fide reasonable adjustment formula that has the effect of preventing the dilution of the interest of the holders of the debt instruments will generally not be considered to result in a constructive distribution of stock. However, certain of the possible adjustments provided in the notes, including, without limitation, adjustments in respect of taxable dividends to our stockholders, will not qualify as being pursuant to a bona fide reasonable adjustment formula. If such adjustments are made, the holders of notes will be deemed to have received constructive distributions in amounts based on the value of such holders’ increased interests in our equity resulting from such adjustments, which will be taxable in the same manner as an actual distribution as described below under “—Distributions on Common Stock”, even though they have not received any cash or property as a result of such adjustments, except that it is unclear whether such deemed distributions would be eligible for the reduced tax rate applicable to certain dividends paid to non-corporate holders or the dividend-received deduction applicable to certain dividends paid to corporate holders. Generally, a U.S. Holder’s tax basis in a note will be increased to the extent any such constructive distribution is treated as a dividend. An increase in the conversion rate for notes converted in connection with a make-whole fundamental change may also be treated as a taxable constructive distribution. In certain circumstances, the failure to make a conversion rate adjustment may result in a deemed distribution to the holders of the notes, if, as a result of such failure, the proportionate interest of the note holders in our assets or earnings is increased.

U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors concerning the potential for and tax consequences of receiving constructive distributions, including any potential consequences of such distributions for the tax basis and holding period of their common stock.

 

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Distributions on Common Stock

Distributions, if any, other than certain pro rata distributions of common stock, paid or deemed paid on our common stock generally will be treated as dividends to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Subject to certain eligibility requirements and limitations (including holding periods), (1) qualifying dividends paid to individual U.S. Holders before January 1, 2013 are taxed at the rates applicable to long-term capital gains (but after that date at the rates generally applicable to ordinary income) and (2) dividends paid to corporate U.S. Holders will qualify for the dividend-received deduction. Distributions on our common stock that exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated first as a non-taxable return of capital, reducing the holder’s tax basis in the shares of common stock and, thereafter, as a capital gain from the sale or exchange of such stock.

Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of Common Stock

Upon the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of common stock, a U.S. Holder generally will recognize capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (1) the cash and the fair market value of any property received for the common stock and (2) such U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the common stock. The holder’s tax basis and holding period in the common stock received upon conversion will be determined in the manner described above under “—Conversion of the Notes Solely for Common Stock” and “—Conversion of the Notes for Cash and Common Stock”, as applicable. Any capital gain or loss recognized by a holder of common stock will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holding period attributable to such common stock is more than one year at the time of such sale or exchange. Long-term capital gain of an individual U.S. Holder is eligible for a reduced rate of tax. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Information returns will be furnished to U.S. Holders and filed with the IRS in connection with payments on the notes, dividends on our common stock (including constructive distributions on the notes treated as dividends) and the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of the notes or our common stock, unless the U.S. Holder is an exempt recipient such as a corporation. A U.S. Holder will be subject to backup withholding on these payments if the U.S. Holder fails to provide its taxpayer identification number to the paying agent and comply with certain certification procedures or otherwise establish an exemption from backup withholding. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a U.S. Holder will be allowed as a credit against the U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the U.S. Holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

New Legislation Regarding Medicare Tax

For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012, certain U.S. Holders who are individuals, estates or trusts will be subject to a 3.8% tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income”, which may include all or a portion of their interest on notes and dividends on shares of our common stock and net gains from the disposition of notes and shares of our common stock. U.S. Holders that are individuals, estates or trusts should consult their tax advisors regarding the applicability of the Medicare tax to any of their income or gains in respect of notes and shares of our common stock.

Non-U.S. Holders

The following discussion is limited to the U.S. federal income tax consequences relevant to a Non-U.S. Holder. For these purposes, a “Non-U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of a note or common stock that is for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

   

an individual who is classified as a nonresident alien;

 

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a foreign corporation; or

 

   

a foreign estate or trust.

“Non-U.S. Holder” does not include a holder who is an individual present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of disposition of the notes or common stock and who is not otherwise a resident of the United States for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such a holder is urged to consult his or her own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the sale, exchange or other disposition of a note or common stock.

Interest

Subject to the discussion of backup withholding below and the discussion of withholding on foreign accounts below, interest paid to a Non-U.S. Holder will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax, provided that:

 

   

such holder does not directly or indirectly, actually or constructively, own 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock entitled to vote, within the meaning of the Code and applicable U.S. Treasury regulations;

 

   

such holder is not a controlled foreign corporation that is related to us actually or constructively through stock ownership;

 

   

such holder is not a bank receiving interest on a loan entered into in the ordinary course of its trade or business;

 

   

such interest is not effectively connected with the conduct by the Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business within the United States; and

 

   

we, or our paying agent, receive appropriate documentation (generally an IRS Form W-8BEN) establishing that the Non-U.S. Holder is not a U.S. person.

A Non-U.S. Holder that does not qualify for exemption from withholding under the preceding paragraph generally will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate (or a reduced treaty rate) on payments of interest on the notes.

If interest on the notes is effectively connected with the conduct by a Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business within the United States, subject to the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty, such interest will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the rate applicable to U.S. persons generally (and, with respect to corporate holders, may also be subject to a branch profits tax at 30% or a reduced treaty rate). If interest is subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in accordance with these rules, such payments will not be subject to U.S. withholding tax so long as the Non-U.S. Holder provides us or our paying agent with the appropriate documentation (generally an IRS Form W-8ECI).

Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of the Notes or Shares of Common Stock

Subject to the discussion of backup withholding below, any gain realized by a Non-U.S. Holder on the sale, exchange or other disposition of a note or shares of our common stock generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax, unless:

 

   

such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by such Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business within the United States, subject to an applicable income tax treaty providing otherwise; or

 

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we are or have been a U.S. real property holding corporation as defined below, at any time within the five-year period preceding the disposition or the Non-U.S. Holder’s holding period, whichever period is shorter, and the common stock has ceased to be traded on an established securities market prior to the beginning of the calendar year in which the sale or disposition occurs.

We believe that we are not, and do not anticipate becoming, a U.S. real property holding corporation. Generally, a corporation is a U.S. real property holding corporation if the fair market value of its U.S. real property interests, as defined in the Code and applicable regulations, equals or exceeds 50% of the aggregate fair market value of its worldwide real property interests and its other assets used or held for use in a trade or business.

Except to the extent that an applicable income tax treaty provides otherwise, a Non-U.S. Holder whose gain with respect to a note or common stock is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States by such holder will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the rate applicable to U.S. persons generally (and, with respect to corporate holders, may also be subject to a branch profits tax at 30% or a reduced treaty rate).

Conversion of the Notes

A Non-U.S. Holder’s conversion of a note solely for common stock will be treated in a manner similar to that described in “—U.S. Holders—Conversion of the Notes Solely for Common Stock” and conversion of a note for a combination of cash and common stock will be treated in a manner similar to that described above in “—Sale, Exchange or Other Disposition of the Notes or Shares of Common Stock”, in each case except to the extent a holder receives cash or common stock attributable to accrued interest (which will be taxable as described above under “—Interest”) and except to the extent a holder receives solely common stock or cash and common stock for notes that are effectively connected with the conduct by such Non-U.S. Holder of a trade or business within the United States (which will be treated in the manner described above under “—U.S. Holders—Conversion of the Notes Solely for Common Stock” and “—U.S. Holders—Conversion of the Notes for Cash and Common Stock”, as applicable).

Dividends

Dividends (including deemed dividends on the notes described above under “—U.S. Holders—Constructive Distributions”) paid to a Non-U.S. Holder of common stock generally will be subject to withholding tax at a 30% rate or a reduced rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty. In the case of a deemed dividend, because such deemed dividends will not give rise to any cash from which any applicable withholding tax can be satisfied, a Non-U.S. Holder may be subject to withholding from subsequent cash payments of interest or from cash or shares of our common stock otherwise deliverable to a Non-U.S. Holder upon conversion, redemption or repurchase of a note. In order to obtain a reduced rate of withholding, a Non-U.S. Holder will be required to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN certifying its entitlement to benefits under a treaty.

The withholding tax does not apply to dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder who provides a Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States and, where a tax treaty applies, are attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the Non-U.S. Holder were a U.S. resident. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” imposed at a rate of 30% (or a reduced treaty rate).

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

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payments. Copies of the information returns reporting such interest and dividend payments and any withholding may also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which the Non-U.S. Holder resides under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty. Unless the Non-U.S. Holder complies with certification procedures to establish that it is not a United States person, information returns may be filed with the IRS in connection with the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of the notes or common stock, and the Non-U.S. Holder may be subject to backup withholding on payments on the notes or common stock or on the proceeds from a sale or other disposition of the notes or common stock. The certification procedures required to claim the exemption from withholding tax on interest described above will satisfy the certification requirements necessary to avoid backup withholding as well. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a Non-U.S. Holder will be allowed as a credit against the Non-U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle the Non-U.S. Holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.

Legislation Relating to Withholding on Foreign Accounts

Legislation enacted in 2010 may impose withholding taxes on certain types of payments made to “foreign financial institutions” (as specifically defined in this legislation) and certain other non-U.S. entities (including financial intermediaries). Under this legislation, failure to comply with additional certification, information reporting and other specified requirements could result in withholding tax being imposed on payments of interest, dividends and sales proceeds of any property of a type which can produce U.S. source interest or dividends to foreign intermediaries and certain Non-U.S. Holders. The legislation imposes a 30% withholding tax on interest, dividends, or gross proceeds from the sale or other disposition of common stock or notes paid to a foreign financial institution or to a foreign non-financial entity, unless (i) the foreign financial institution undertakes certain diligence and reporting obligations or (ii) the foreign non-financial entity either certifies it does not have any substantial United States owners or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner. If the payee is a foreign financial institution, it must enter into an agreement with the United States Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain United States persons or United States-owned foreign entities, annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on payments to account holders whose actions prevent it from complying with these reporting and other requirements. While the notes will be issued after the grandfather date in the legislation, the IRS has issued proposed regulations under which debt instruments issued prior to January 1, 2013 will be exempt from these rules; if finalized in their current form, these regulations would therefore generally provide an exception to these rules for the notes (but not our common stock). Under certain transition rules, any obligation to withhold under the legislation with respect to payments of interest on the notes and payments of dividends on common stock will not begin until January 1, 2014 and with respect to the gross proceeds of a sale or other disposition of the notes or our common stock will not begin until January 1, 2015. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding this legislation.

 

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UNDERWRITING

Citigroup Global Markets Inc. is acting as sole book-running manager of the offering and as representative of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus supplement, each underwriter named below has severally agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell to that underwriter, the principal amount of notes set forth opposite the underwriter’s name.

 

Underwriter

   Principal
Amount of
Notes
 

Citigroup Global Markets Inc.

   $ 135,000,000   

Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC

     27,000,000   

Jefferies & Company, Inc.

     27,000,000   

William Blair & Company, L.L.C.

     18,000,000   

Leerink Swann LLC

     18,000,000   
  

 

 

 

Total

   $ 225,000,000   
  

 

 

 

The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the notes included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to purchase all the notes (other than those covered by the over-allotment option described below) if they purchase any of the notes.

We have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement to purchase up to $33,750,000 additional aggregate principal amount of notes at the public offering price less the discount. The underwriters may exercise the option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter must purchase an additional aggregate principal amount of notes approximately proportionate to that underwriter’s initial purchase commitment. Any notes issued or sold under the option will be issued and sold on the same terms and conditions as the other notes that are the subject of this offering.

We and our officers and directors, have agreed that, subject to permitted exceptions, including up to 242,500 shares that may be sold pursuant to existing 10b5-1 plans of certain officers, for a period of 90 days from the date of this prospectus supplement, we will not, without the prior written consent of Citigroup, offer, sell or contract to sell, or otherwise dispose of directly or indirectly, or announce the offering of, any debt securities issued or guaranteed by us, or dispose of or hedge any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock. Citigroup in its sole discretion may release any of the securities subject to these lock-up agreements at any time without notice. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (i) during the last 17 days of the 90-day restricted period, we issue an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to our company occurs; or (ii) prior to the expiration of the 90-day restricted period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 90-day restricted period, the restrictions described above shall continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event.

Our common stock is listed for trading on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “MDVN.”

The following table shows the underwriting discounts and commissions that we are to pay to the underwriters in connection with this offering (expressed as a percentage of the principal amount of the notes). These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ over-allotment option.

 

     Paid by Medivation  
     No Exercise     Full exercise  

Per note

     3     3 %

Total

   $ 6,750,000      $ 7,762,500   

 

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We estimate that our total expenses for this offering will be approximately $700,000.

In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell notes in the open market. Purchases and sales in the open market may include short sales, purchases to cover short positions, which may include purchases pursuant to the over-allotment option, and stabilizing purchases.

 

   

Short sales involve secondary market sales by the underwriters of a greater number of notes than they are required to purchase in the offering.

 

   

“Covered” short sales are sales of notes in an amount up to the number of notes represented by the underwriters’ over-allotment option.

 

   

“Naked” short sales are sales of notes in an amount in excess of the number of notes represented by the underwriters’ over-allotment option.

 

   

Covering transactions involve purchases of notes either pursuant to the underwriters’ over-allotment option or in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover short positions.

 

   

To close a naked short position, the underwriters must purchase notes in the open market after the distribution has been completed. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the notes in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering.

 

   

To close a covered short position, the underwriters must purchase notes in the open market after the distribution has been completed or must exercise their over-allotment option. In determining the source of notes to close the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of notes available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase notes by exercising their over-allotment option.

 

   

Stabilizing transactions involve bids to purchase notes so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.

The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the underwriters, in covering short positions or making stabilizing purchases, repurchase notes originally sold by that syndicate member.

Purchases to cover short positions and stabilizing purchases, as well as other purchases by the underwriters for their own accounts, may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the notes. They may also cause the price of the notes to be higher than the price that would otherwise exist in the open market in the absence of these transactions. The underwriters may conduct these transactions in the over-the-counter market or otherwise. If the underwriters commence any of these transactions, they may discontinue them at any time.

In connection with this offering, the underwriters (or their affiliates) may, for their own accounts, enter into asset swaps, credit derivatives or other derivative transactions relating to the notes and/or the shares issuable upon conversion of the notes at the same time as the offer and sale of the notes or in secondary market transactions. Such transactions may be entered into with the company’s affiliates. As a result of such transactions, the underwriters may hold long or short positions in such notes or derivatives or in the shares issuable upon conversion of the notes. These transactions may comprise a substantial portion of the offering and no disclosure will be made of any such positions. In addition, the underwriters (or their affiliates) may have purchased notes and been allocated the notes for asset management and/or proprietary purposes and not with a view to distribution.

 

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Conflicts of Interest

The underwriters are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business for which they may receive customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (which may include bank loans and/or credit default swaps) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investment and securities activities may involve our securities and instruments.

We have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of those liabilities.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

In relation to each member state of the European Economic Area that has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a relevant member state), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state (the relevant implementation date), an offer of notes described in this prospectus supplement may not be made to the public in that relevant member state other than:

 

   

to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined in the Prospectus Directive;

 

   

to fewer than 100 or, if the relevant member state has implemented the relevant provision of the 2010 PD Amending Directive, 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive), as permitted under the Prospectus Directive, subject to obtaining the prior consent of the relevant Dealer or Dealers nominated by us for any such offer; or

 

   

in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive,

provided that no such offer of securities shall require us or any underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

For purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of securities to the public” in any relevant member state means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the securities, as the expression may be varied in that member state by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that member state, and the expression “Prospectus Directive” means Directive 2003/71/EC (and amendments thereto, including the 2010 PD Amending Directive, to the extent implemented in the relevant member state) and includes any relevant implementing measure in each relevant member state. The expression 2010 PD Amending Directive means Directive 2010/73/EU.

The sellers of the notes have not authorized and do not authorize the making of any offer of notes through any financial intermediary on their behalf, other than offers made by the underwriters with a view to the final placement of the notes as contemplated in this prospectus supplement. Accordingly, no purchaser of the notes, other than the underwriters, is authorized to make any further offer of the notes on behalf of the sellers or the underwriters.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are only being distributed to, and are only directed at, persons in the United Kingdom that are qualified investors within the meaning of Article 2(1)(e) of

 

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the Prospectus Directive that are also (i) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (the “Order”) or (ii) high net worth entities, and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (each such person being referred to as a “relevant person”). This prospectus supplement and its contents are confidential and should not be distributed, published or reproduced (in whole or in part) or disclosed by recipients to any other persons in the United Kingdom. Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this document or any of its contents.

Notice to Prospective Investors in France

Neither this prospectus supplement nor any other offering material relating to the notes described in this prospectus supplement has been submitted to the clearance procedures of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers or of the competent authority of another member state of the European Economic Area and notified to the Autorité des Marchés Financiers. The notes have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, to the public in France. Neither this prospectus supplement nor any other offering material relating to the notes has been or will be:

 

   

released, issued, distributed or caused to be released, issued or distributed to the public in France; or

 

   

used in connection with any offer for subscription or sale of the notes to the public in France.

Such offers, sales and distributions will be made in France only:

 

   

to qualified investors (investisseurs qualifiés) and/or to a restricted circle of investors (cercle restreint d’investisseurs), in each case investing for their own account, all as defined in, and in accordance with, articles L.411-2, D.411-1, D.411-2, D.734-1, D.744-1, D.754-1 and D.764-1 of the French Code monétaire et financier;

 

   

to investment services providers authorized to engage in portfolio management on behalf of third parties; or

 

   

in a transaction that, in accordance with article L.411-2-II-1°-or-2°-or 3° of the French Code monétaire et financier and article 211-2 of the General Regulations (Règlement Général) of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers, does not constitute a public offer (appel public à l’épargne).

The notes may be resold directly or indirectly, only in compliance with articles L.411-1, L.411-2, L.412-1 and L.621-8 through L.621-8-3 of the French Code monétaire et financier.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong

The notes may not be offered or sold in Hong Kong by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong) and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the notes may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to notes which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.

 

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Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan

The notes offered in this prospectus supplement have not been registered under the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan, and the notes have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the account of any resident of Japan, except (i) pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities and Exchange Law and (ii) in compliance with any other applicable requirements of Japanese law.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Singapore

This prospectus supplement has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this offering memorandum and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the notes may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the notes be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”), (ii) to a relevant person pursuant to Section 275(1), or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA, in each case subject to compliance with conditions set forth in the SFA.

Where the notes are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 of the SFA by a relevant person which is:

 

   

a corporation (which is not an accredited investor (as defined in Section 4A of the SFA)) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or

 

   

a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary of the trust is an individual who is an accredited investor,

shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries’ rights and interest (howsoever described) in that trust shall not be transferred within six months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the notes pursuant to an offer made under Section 275 of the SFA except:

 

   

to an institutional investor (for corporations, under Section 274 of the SFA) or to a relevant person defined in Section 275(2) of the SFA, or to any person pursuant to an offer that is made on terms that such shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or such rights and interest in that trust are acquired at a consideration of not less than S$200,000 (or its equivalent in a foreign currency) for each transaction, whether such amount is to be paid for in cash or by exchange of securities or other assets, and further for corporations, in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA;

 

   

where no consideration is or will be given for the transfer; or

 

   

where the transfer is by operation of law.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

Cooley LLP will pass upon the validity of the notes offered hereby. The underwriters are being represented by Latham & Watkins LLP and Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP in connection with the offering.

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The consolidated financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are a reporting company and file and furnish annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the securities we are offering under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and the securities we are offering under this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part of the registration statement. You may read and copy the registration statement, as well as our reports, proxy statements and other information, at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the public reference room. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, including Medivation, Inc. The SEC’s Internet site can be found at http://www.sec.gov. We maintain a website at http://www.medivation.com. Information found on, or accessible through, our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus supplement, and you should not consider it part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document that we have filed separately with the SEC. You should read the information incorporated by reference because it is an important part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Information in this prospectus supplement supersedes information incorporated by reference that we filed with the SEC prior to the date of this prospectus supplement, while information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede the information in this prospectus supplement. We incorporate by reference into this registration statement and prospectus the information or documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-32836):

 

   

our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2012;

 

   

our current reports on Form 8-K filed (furnished in the case of the report furnished on December 15, 2011) with the SEC on December 15, 2011, January 6, 2012, January 9, 2012, January 17, 2012, January 20, 2012, February 1, 2012, February 3, 2012 and February 29, 2012;

 

   

our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on May 19, 2011; and

 

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the description of our common stock set forth in our registration statement on Form 8-A/A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2007, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

We also incorporate by reference any future filings (other than current reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are related to such items unless such Form 8-K expressly provides to the contrary) made with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, until we file a post-effective amendment that indicates the termination of the offering of the securities made by this prospectus and will become a part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus from the date that such documents are filed with the SEC. Information in such future filings updates and supplements the information provided in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. Any statements in any such future filings will automatically be deemed to modify and supersede any information in any document we previously filed with the SEC that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference to the extent that statements in the later filed document modify or replace such earlier statements.

We will furnish without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered with the prospectus, including exhibits that are specifically incorporated by reference into such documents. Requests should be directed to: Medivation, Inc., Attention: Investor Relations, 201 Spear Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105, (415) 543-3470.

 

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PROSPECTUS

 

LOGO

Medivation, Inc.

Debt Securities

Common Stock

Preferred stock

Warrants

 

 

From time to time, we may offer and sell any combination of the securities described in this prospectus, either individually or in combination. We may also offer common stock or preferred stock upon conversion of debt securities, common stock upon conversion of preferred stock, or common stock, preferred stock or debt securities upon the exercise of warrants.

We will provide the specific terms of these offerings and securities in one or more supplements to this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you in connection with these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, as well as any documents incorporated by reference, before buying any of the securities being offered.

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Global Market under the trading symbol “MDVN.” On March 9, 2012, the last reported sale price of our common stock was $74.04 per share. The applicable prospectus supplement will contain information, where applicable, as to other listings, if any, on The NASDAQ Global Market or other securities exchange of the securities covered by the prospectus supplement.

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

The securities may be sold directly by us to investors, through agents designated from time to time or to or through underwriters or dealers, on a continuous or delayed basis. The supplements to this prospectus will provide the specific terms of the plan of distribution. If any agents or underwriters are involved in the sale of any securities with respect to which this prospectus is being delivered, the names of such agents or underwriters and any applicable fees, commissions, discounts and over-allotment options will be set forth in a prospectus supplement. The price to the public of such securities and the net proceeds that we expect to receive from such sale will also be set forth in a prospectus supplement.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is March 12, 2012.


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

         Page    

About This Prospectus

   1

Prospectus Summary

   3

Risk Factors

   7

Forward-Looking Statements

   7

Use of Proceeds

   8

Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges

   8

Description of Debt Securities

   9

Description of Capital Stock

   16

Description of Warrants

   21

Legal Ownership of Securities

   23

Plan of Distribution

   26

Legal Matters

   28

Experts

   28

Where You Can Find Additional Information

   28

Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference

   29

 

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration statement, we may, from time to time, offer and sell, in one or more offerings, any combination of the securities described in this prospectus. No limit exists on the aggregate amount of the securities we may sell pursuant to the registration statement.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain more specific information about the terms of that offering. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus. We urge you to read carefully this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” before buying any of the securities being offered.

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

You should rely only on the information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus or any applicable prospectus supplement, along with the information contained in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. You must not rely upon any information or representation not contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, the accompanying prospectus supplement or in any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the securities offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so.

The information appearing in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is accurate only as of the date on the front of the document and that any information we have

 

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incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.

This prospectus contains and incorporates by reference market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications and other publicly available information. Although we believe that these sources are reliable, we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and we have not independently verified this information. Although we are not aware of any misstatements regarding the market and industry data presented in this prospectus and the documents incorporated herein by reference, these estimates involve risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on this information.

This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the section entitled “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

 

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and does not contain all of the information that you need to consider in making your investment decision. You should carefully read the entire prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, including the risks of investing in our securities discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and under similar headings in the other documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus. You should also carefully read the information incorporated by reference into this prospectus, including our financial statements, and the exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. When used in this prospectus, the terms “Medivation,” “issuer;” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Medivation, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise specified.

Medivation, Inc.

We are a biopharmaceutical company focused on the rapid development of novel small molecule drugs to treat serious diseases for which there are limited treatment options. Together with our collaboration partner Astellas Pharma Inc., or Astellas, we are developing MDV3100 for multiple stages of advanced prostate cancer. We have successfully completed a Phase 3 trial in the latest stage patients—those who have failed docetaxel-based chemotherapy—and we are conducting an additional Phase 3 trial and two Phase 2 trials in men with earlier stages of advanced prostate cancer. Based on the positive results of the AFFIRM trial, we have exercised our right under our collaboration agreement with Astellas to co-promote MDV3100 in the U.S., should it receive marketing approval. We and Astellas expect to file applications for marketing approval for MDV3100 both in the U.S. and in Europe in 2012. MDV3100 has received “Fast Track” designation from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for the post-docetaxel indication.

We have not generated any revenue from product sales to date, and we may never generate any revenue from product sales. We have funded our operations primarily through private and public offerings of our common stock and from the up-front, development milestone and cost-sharing payments from Astellas and from our former collaboration partner Pfizer, Inc., or Pfizer. We have incurred cumulative net losses of $250.3 million through December 31, 2011, and we expect to incur substantial additional losses for the foreseeable future as we pursue regulatory approval for, and, if approved, commercial launch of, MDV3100 and continue to finance clinical and preclinical studies of our existing and potential future product candidates and our corporate overhead costs.

We are a corporation formed in Delaware in October 1995, under our former name Orion Acquisition Corp. II, to identify and consummate a business combination. Our three subsidiaries are Medivation Prostate Therapeutics, Inc., or MPT, Medivation Neurology, Inc., or MNI, and Medivation Technologies, Inc., or MTI. MPT holds our MDV300 series technology, which is in development for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer under our collaboration agreement with Astellas, and MTI holds our earlier stage technologies. MNI holds our dimebon technology, which previously was in development for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington disease under our former collaboration agreement with Pfizer. In January 2012, Pfizer exercised its right to terminate the collaboration agreement and we and Pfizer discontinued development of dimebon for all indications.

Our principal executive offices are located at 201 Spear Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105, our telephone number is (415) 543-3470, and our website address is www.medivation.com. The information contained on or linked from our website does not constitute a part of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement.

 

 

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The Securities We May Offer

We may offer shares of our common stock and preferred stock, various series of debt securities and/or warrants to purchase any of such securities, either individually or in combination, from time to time under this prospectus, together with any applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of any offering. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we offer securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will describe the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

 

   

designation or classification;

 

   

aggregate principal amount or aggregate offering price;

 

   

  maturity date if applicable;

 

   

original issue discount, if any;

 

   

rates and times of payment of interest or dividends, if any;

 

   

redemption, conversion, exercise exchange or sinking fund terms, if any;

 

   

conversion or exchange prices or rates, if any, and, if applicable, any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the conversion or exchange prices or rates and in the securities or other property receivable upon conversion or exchange;

 

   

ranking;

 

   

restrictive covenants, if any;

 

   

voting or other rights, if any; and

 

   

material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations.

A prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you may also add, update or change any of the information contained in this prospectus or in the documents we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus.

We may sell the securities directly to investors or to or through underwriters, dealers or agents. We, and our underwriters or agents, reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of securities. If we do offer securities to or through underwriters or agents, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement:

 

   

the names of those underwriters or agents;

 

   

applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them;

 

   

details regarding over-allotment options, if any; and

 

   

the net proceeds to us.

 

 

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THIS PROSPECTUS MAY NOT BE USED TO CONSUMMATE A SALE OF ANY SECURITIES UNLESS ACCOMPANIED BY A PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT.

Debt Securities. We may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. Convertible debt securities will be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at the holder’s option and would be at prescribed conversion rates.

We will issue the debt securities under the indenture that we will enter into with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the trustee under the indenture. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the debt securities. We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of debt securities being offered, as well as the complete indenture that contains the terms of the debt securities. We have filed the form of indenture to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

Common Stock. We may issue shares of our common stock from time to time. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably only those dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of legally available funds. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive or other subscription or conversion rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock.

Preferred Stock. We may issue shares of our preferred stock from time to time, in one or more series. Our board of directors will determine the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock being offered, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including dividend rights, conversion rights, preemptive rights, terms of redemption or repurchase, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting any series or the designation of any series. Convertible preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock or exchangeable for our other securities. Conversion may be mandatory or at the holder’s option and would be at prescribed conversion rates.

If we sell any series of preferred stock under this prospectus, we will fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock of each series, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock that being offering before the issuance of the related series of preferred stock. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the series of preferred stock being offered, as well as the complete certificate of designation that contains the terms of the applicable series of preferred stock.

Warrants. We may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series. We may issue warrants independently or together with common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from these securities. In this prospectus, we have summarized certain general features of the warrants. We urge you, however, to read the applicable prospectus supplement (and any free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be provided to you) related to the particular series of warrants being offered, as well as the complete warrant agreements and warrant

 

 

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certificates, as applicable, that contain the terms of the warrants. Forms of the warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates containing the terms of the warrants that we may offer have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that describe the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants.

We will evidence each series of warrants by warrant certificates or agreements that we will issue. Warrants may be issued under an applicable warrant agreement that we enter into with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent, if any, in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants.

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully review the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in the applicable prospectus supplement and any related free writing prospectus, and in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and in our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC, as well as any amendments thereto reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC, before deciding whether to purchase any of the securities being offered. Each of the risk factors could adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition, as well as adversely affect the value of an investment in our securities, and the occurrence of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment. Moreover, the risks described are not the only ones that we face. Additional risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are immaterial may also significantly impair our business operations.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “should,” “could,” or “will,” or the negatives or other forms of these terms or other comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements may also use different phrases. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Actual results or events could differ materially from the plans, intentions and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements we make. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about:

 

   

our intentions, beliefs and expectations regarding our expenses, sales, operations and future financial performance;

 

   

our plans for future products and enhancements of existing products;

 

   

anticipated growth and trends in our business;

 

   

the timing of and our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory clearances or approvals;

 

   

the timing of and our ability to obtain and maintain third-party payor reimbursement;

 

   

our belief that our cash and cash equivalents and short-term available-for-sale investments will be sufficient to satisfy our anticipated cash requirements;

 

   

our expectations regarding our revenues, customers and distributors;

 

   

our beliefs and expectations regarding our market penetration and expansion efforts;

 

   

anticipated trends and challenges in the markets in which we operate; and

 

   

our expectations and beliefs regarding and the impact of investigations, claims and litigation.

 

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Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We discuss many of these risks, uncertainties and other factors in greater detail under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in any applicable prospectus supplement, in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, and in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and in our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as well as any amendments thereto reflected in subsequent filings with the SEC. Because the factors referred to above could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Also, these forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date such forward-looking statements are made. You should carefully read this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We can give no assurances that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition.

Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons why actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Except as described in the applicable prospectus supplement or in any free writing prospectuses we have authorized for use in connection with a specific offering, we currently intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered hereby for our general corporate purposes, which may include costs of developing our technologies, making additions to our working capital, funding future acquisitions or for any other purpose we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement.

RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

Our earnings were insufficient to cover fixed charges for each of the periods in the table below and, accordingly, we have not included a ratio of earnings to fixed charges for these periods. The table below sets forth our deficiency of earnings to cover fixed charges on a historical basis for the periods indicated (in millions).

 

     Years Ended December 31,  
       2011          2010          2009          2008          2007    

Deficiency of Earnings to Cover Fixed Charges

    $ 43.2        $ 32.5        $ 46.5        $ 62.5        $ 31.7    

Earnings consist of pretax loss from operations and fixed charges. Fixed charges consist of the portion of operating lease rental expense that is considered by us to be a reasonable representation of interest.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

We may issue debt securities from time to time, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any debt securities that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any debt securities offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the indenture, we also are referring to any supplemental indentures that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.

We will issue the debt securities under the indenture that we will enter into with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the trustee under the indenture. The indenture will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, or the Trust Indenture Act. We have filed the form of indenture to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

The following summary of material provisions of the debt securities and the indenture is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements and any related free writing prospectuses related to the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as the complete indenture that contains the terms of the debt securities.

General

The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. It provides that we may issue debt securities up to the principal amount that we may authorize and may be in any currency or currency unit that we may designate. Except for the limitations on consolidation, merger and sale of all or substantially all of our assets contained in the indenture, the terms of the indenture do not contain any covenants or other provisions designed to give holders of any debt securities protection against changes in our operations, financial condition or transactions involving us.

We may issue the debt securities issued under the indenture as “discount securities,” which means they may be sold at a discount below their stated principal amount. These debt securities, as well as other debt securities that are not issued at a discount, may be issued with “original issue discount,” or OID, for U.S. federal income tax purposes because of interest payment and other characteristics or terms of the debt securities. Material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to debt securities issued with OID will be described in more detail in any applicable prospectus supplement.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:

 

   

the title;

 

   

any limit upon the aggregate principal amount that may be issued;

 

   

the maturity date or dates;

 

   

the form of the debt securities of the series;

 

   

the applicability of any guarantees;

 

   

whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;

 

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whether the debt securities rank as senior debt, senior subordinated debt, subordinated debt or any combination thereof, and the terms of any subordination;

 

   

if the price (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount thereof) at which such debt securities will be issued is a price other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount thereof payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof, or if applicable, the portion of the principal amount of such debt securities that is convertible into another security or the method by which any such portion shall be determined;

 

   

the interest rate or rates, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;

 

   

our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;

 

   

if applicable, the date or dates after which, or the period or periods during which, and the price or prices at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;

 

   

the date or dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option to purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;

 

   

the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;

 

   

any and all other terms (including terms, to the extent applicable, relating to any auction or remarketing of the debt securities of that series and any security for our obligations with respect to such debt securities) with respect to such series, including any terms which may be required by or advisable under United States laws or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of debt securities of that series;

 

   

whether the debt securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global security or securities; the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such global security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual securities; and the depositary for such global security or securities;

 

   

if applicable, the provisions relating to conversion or exchange of any debt securities of the series and the terms and conditions upon which such debt securities will be so convertible or exchangeable, including the conversion or exchange price, as applicable, or how it will be calculated and may be adjusted, any mandatory or optional (at our option or the holders’ option) conversion or exchange features, the applicable conversion or exchange period and the manner of settlement for any conversion or exchange;;

 

   

if other than the full principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of debt securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the maturity thereof;

 

   

any changes in or additions to the covenants applicable to the particular debt securities being issued, including, among others, the consolidation, merger or sale covenant;

 

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only additions to or changes in the Events of Default with respect to the securities and any change in the right of the trustee or the holders to declare the principal, premium, if any, and interest, if any, with respect to such securities to be due and payable;

 

   

only additions to or changes in or deletions of the provisions relating to covenant defeasance and legal defeasance;

 

   

only additions to or changes in the provisions relating to satisfaction and discharge of the indenture;

 

   

only additions to or changes in the provisions relating to the modification of the indenture both with and without the consent of holders of debt securities issued under the indenture;

 

   

the currency of payment of debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars;

 

   

whether interest will be payable in cash or additional debt securities at our or the holders’ option and the terms and conditions upon which the election may be made;

 

   

the terms and conditions, if any, upon which we will pay amounts in addition to the stated interest, premium, if any and principal amounts of the debt securities of the series to any holder that is not a “United States person” for federal tax purposes;

 

   

any restrictions on transfer, sale or assignment of the debt securities of the series; and

 

   

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, any other additions or changes in the provisions of the indenture, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations.

Conversion or Exchange Rights

We will set forth in the prospectus supplement the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock or our other securities. We will include provisions as to settlement upon conversion or exchange and whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock or our other securities that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

Consolidation, Merger or Sale

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indenture will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets must assume all of our obligations under the indenture or the debt securities, as appropriate. If the debt securities are convertible into or exchangeable for our other securities or securities of other entities, we or the person with whom we consolidate or merge or to whom we sell all of our property must make provisions for the conversion of the debt securities into securities that the holders of the debt securities would have received if they had converted the debt securities before the consolidation, merger or sale.

 

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Events of Default Under the Indenture

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indenture with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:

 

   

if we fail to pay any installment of interest on any series of debt securities, as and when the same shall become due and payable, and such default continues for a period of 90 days; provided, however, that a valid extension of an interest payment period by us in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of interest for this purpose;

 

   

if we fail to pay the principal of, or premium, if any, on any series of debt securities as and when the same shall become due and payable whether at maturity, upon redemption, by declaration or otherwise, or in any payment required by any sinking or analogous fund established with respect to such series; provided, however, that a valid extension of the maturity of such debt securities in accordance with the terms of any indenture supplemental thereto shall not constitute a default in the payment of principal or premium, if any;

 

   

if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant or agreement contained in the debt securities or the indenture, other than a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive written notice of such failure, requiring the same to be remedied and stating that such is a notice of default thereunder, from the trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and

 

   

if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.

If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal of, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and payable immediately. If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the principal amount of and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the trustee or any holder.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture. Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.

Subject to the terms of the indenture, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:

 

   

the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and

 

   

subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.

 

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A holder of the debt securities of any series will have the right to institute a proceeding under the indenture or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies only if:

 

   

the holder has given written notice to the trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;

 

   

the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and such holders have offered to the trustee indemnity to the trustee reasonably satisfactory to institute the proceeding as trustee; and

 

   

the trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting directions within 90 days after the notice, request and offer.

These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities.

We will periodically file statements with the trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the indenture.

Modification of Indenture; Waiver

We and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to specific matters:

 

   

to cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture or in the debt securities of any series;

 

   

to comply with the provisions described above under “Description of Debt Securities—Consolidation, Merger or Sale;”

 

   

to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities;

 

   

to add to our covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default or to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture;

 

   

to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth in the indenture;

 

   

to make any change that does not adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series in any material respect;

 

   

to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided above under “Description of Debt Securities—General” to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities, as set forth in an officers’ certificate;

 

   

to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment under any indenture by a successor trustee; or

 

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to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act.

In addition, under the indenture, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected. However, unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:

 

   

extending the fixed maturity of any debt securities of any series;

 

   

reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon the redemption of any series of any debt securities; or

 

   

reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver.

Discharge

Each indenture provides that we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for specified obligations, including obligations to:

 

   

provide for payment;

 

   

register the transfer or exchange of debt securities of the series;

 

   

replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;

 

   

pay principal of and premium and interest on any debt securities of the series;

 

   

maintain paying agencies;

 

   

hold monies for payment in trust;

 

   

recover excess money held by the trustee;

 

   

compensate and indemnify the trustee; and

 

   

appoint any successor trustee.

In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium, if any, and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

Form, Exchange and Transfer

We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indenture provides that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust

 

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Company, or DTC, or another depositary named by us and identified in a prospectus supplement with respect to that series. To the extent the debt securities of a series are issued in global form and as book-entry, a description of terms relating will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

Subject to the terms of the indenture and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will impose no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.

We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series.

If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:

 

   

issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or

 

   

register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.

Information Concerning the Trustee

The trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the trustee must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs. Subject to this provision, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indenture at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered security and indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.

Payment and Paying Agents

Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.

We will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire

 

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transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the trustee as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.

All money we pay to a paying agent or the trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.

Governing Law

The indenture and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to conflicts of laws principles thereof, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is applicable.

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

General

As of the date of this prospectus, our authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value, and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value. As of February 22, 2012, there were:

 

   

36,014,735 shares of common stock outstanding;

 

   

no shares of preferred stock outstanding; and

 

   

50,000 shares of preferred stock designated as Series C junior participating preferred stock, none of which were outstanding.

The following summary description of our capital stock is based on the provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, our stockholder rights plan, and the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law. This information is qualified entirely by reference to the applicable provisions of our certificate of incorporation, bylaws, stockholder rights plan and the Delaware General Corporation Law. For information on how to obtain copies of our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and stockholder rights plan, see “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

Common Stock

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. Our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably only those dividends as may be declared by our board of directors out of legally available funds. Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities and the liquidation preferences of any outstanding shares of preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive or other subscription or conversion rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to our common stock. The shares of common stock offered under this prospectus and applicable prospectus supplements will be fully paid and nonassessable.

 

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Preferred Stock

Pursuant to our certificate of incorporation, our board of directors has the authority, without further action by the stockholders (unless such stockholder action is required by applicable law or NASDAQ rules), to designate and issue up to 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 50,000 shares are authorized for issuance as Series C junior participating preferred stock, none of which are outstanding. Our board of directors may issue preferred stock in one or more series and has the authority to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, to fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the shares of each wholly unissued series, and any qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, and to increase or decrease the number of shares of any such series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding.

We will fix the designations, powers, preferences and rights of the preferred stock of each series, as well as the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereon, in the certificate of designation relating to that series. We will file as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of the series of preferred stock we are offering before the issuance of that series of preferred stock. This description will include:

 

   

the title and stated value;

 

   

the number of shares we are offering;

 

   

the liquidation preference per share;

 

   

the purchase price;

 

   

the dividend rate, period and payment date and method of calculation for dividends;

 

   

whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

 

   

the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;

 

   

the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;

 

   

the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

 

   

any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

 

   

whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and, if applicable, the conversion price, or how it will be calculated, and the conversion period;

 

   

whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and, if applicable, the exchange price, or how it will be calculated, and the exchange period;

 

   

voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;

 

   

preemptive rights, if any;

 

   

restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;

 

   

whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;

 

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a discussion of any material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

 

   

the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

 

   

any limitations on the issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

 

   

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the state of our incorporation, provides that the holders of preferred stock will have the right to vote separately as a class (or, in some cases, as a series) on an amendment to our certificate of incorporation if the amendment would change the par value or, unless the certificate of incorporation provided otherwise, the number of authorized shares of the class or change the powers, preferences or special rights of the class or series so as to adversely affect the class or series, as the case may be. This right is in addition to any voting rights that may be provided for in the applicable certificate of designation.

Our board of directors may authorize the issuance of preferred stock with voting or conversion rights that could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of our common stock. Preferred stock could be issued quickly with terms designed to delay or prevent a change in control of our company or make removal of management more difficult. Additionally, the issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of decreasing the market price of our common stock.

Series C Junior Participating Preferred Stock

Our board of directors has designated 50,000 shares of our preferred stock as Series C junior participating preferred stock. The Series C junior participating preferred stock is purchasable upon exercise of the rights pursuant to the terms of our stockholder rights plan. For more information on our stockholder rights plan, please see “Description of Capital Stock — Stockholders Rights Plan.” These shares or the holders of these shares, as applicable, are:

 

   

not redeemable;

 

   

entitled, subject to the rights of the holders of any shares of preferred stock to receive preferential dividends and in preference to the holders of our common stock, to receive, when and if declared by our board of directors, quarterly dividends in an amount per share equal to the greater of $.01 or 1,000 times (subject to adjustment) the aggregate per share amount of all non-cash dividends or other distributions declared on our common stock since the previous quarterly payment or, in the case of the first quarterly payment, since the first issuance of our Series C junior participating preferred stock;

 

   

entitled, before any payment may be made to holders of our common stock or shares of other preferred stock ranking junior to our Series C junior participating preferred stock, to receive a minimum preferential payment per share equal to the greater of $1.00 or 1,000 times (subject to adjustment) the aggregate payment made per common share;

 

   

entitled to 1,000 votes (subject to adjustment) per share of Series C junior participating preferred stock, voting together with our common stock; and

 

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entitled, in the event of a merger, consolidation or other transaction in which outstanding shares of our common stock are converted or exchanged, to receive 1,000 times (subject to adjustment) the amount received per share of our common stock.

Stock Options, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Share Awards and Stock Appreciation Rights

As of March 10, 2012, there were 4,498,659 shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plans. Of this number, 4,061,936 shares were reserved for issuance upon exercise of outstanding options that were previously granted under our equity incentive plans, 130,249 shares were reserved for issuance upon the vesting of restricted stock units granted under our equity incentive plans, 62,500 shares were reserved for issuance upon the vesting of performance share awards granted under our equity incentive plans, and 243,974 shares that may be granted in the future under our equity incentive plans.

Warrants

As of March 10, 2012, there were 22,904 shares of common stock reserved for issuance under outstanding warrants at a weighted average exercise price of $6.92 per share. These warrants expire between 2014 and 2017.

Anti-Takeover Effects of Provisions of Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

Our bylaws provide for our board of directors shall be elected at each annual meeting of our stockholders. Because our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, our stockholders representing a majority of the shares of common stock outstanding will be able to elect all of our directors to be elected at each annual meeting of our stockholders. Our bylaws also provide that stockholders may not call a special meeting of the stockholders of Medivation, Inc. Instead, special meetings of the stockholders may be called by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of authorized directors (whether or not there exists any vacancies in previously authorized directorships at the time any such resolution is presented for adoption). Our bylaws also contain advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors.

The combination of the lack of cumulative voting, the inability of stockholders to call a special meeting of the stockholders of Medivation, and the requirement for stockholders to comply with the advance notice procedures in our bylaws with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, will make it more difficult for our existing stockholders to replace our board of directors as well as for another party to obtain control of us by replacing our board of directors. Since our board of directors has the power to retain and discharge our officers, these provisions could also make it more difficult for existing stockholders or another party to effect a change in management. In addition, the authorization of undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to effect a change of our control.

These provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in our control or management. These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and in the policies they implement, and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change of our control. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy rights. However, such provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they also may inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. Such provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in our management.

 

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Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware

We are subject to Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, which prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, with the following exceptions:

 

   

before such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested holder;

 

   

upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction began, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the interested stockholder) those shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

   

on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

In general, Section 203 defines business combination to include the following:

 

   

any merger or consolidation involving the corporation and the interested stockholder;

 

   

any sale, lease, transfer, pledge or other disposition of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation to or with the interested stockholder;

 

   

subject to certain exceptions, any transaction that results in the issuance or transfer by the corporation of any stock of the corporation to the interested stockholder;

 

   

any transaction involving the corporation that has the effect of increasing the proportionate share of the stock or any class or series of the corporation beneficially owned by the interested stockholder; or

 

   

the receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit of any loss, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits by or through the corporation.

In general, Section 203 defines interested stockholder as an entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation or any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by such entity or person.

Stockholder Rights Plan

Our board of directors has adopted a stockholder rights plan pursuant to a rights agreement dated as of December 4, 2006, between us and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company. One right currently trades with each share of our common stock. The stockholder rights plan provides for the distribution of one right on each share of common stock upon any person becoming an “acquiring person” as described below. Each right entitles the holder to buy 1/1,000th of a share of our Series C Junior Participating Preferred Stock at an exercise price of $130. Subject to limited exceptions, the rights will become exercisable following the tenth day after a person or group announces the acquisition of 20% or more of our common stock, and thereby becomes an “acquiring person,” or announces commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer, the consummation of which would

 

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result in the ownership by the person or group of 20% or more of our common stock. The rights are not exercisable as of March 12, 2012. We will be entitled to redeem the rights at $0.01 per right at any time prior to the time that a person or group becomes an acquiring person.

The rights will cause substantial dilution to a person or group that acquires 20% or more of our common stock on terms not approved by our board of directors. The operation of the stockholder rights plan could make it more difficult for us to be acquired by another company, even if our acquisition is in the best interests of our stockholders.

The rights will expire on January 3, 2017 unless earlier redeemed, exchanged or terminated. American Stock Transfer & Trust Company is the rights agent.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company. The transfer agent for any series of preferred stock, debt securities or warrants that we may offer under this prospectus will be named and described in the applicable prospectus supplement for that series.

NASDAQ Global Market Listing

Our common stock is listed on The NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “MDVN.”

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

The following description, together with the additional information that we include in any applicable prospectus supplement and in any related free writing prospectus that we may authorize to be distributed to you, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The following description of warrants will apply to the warrants offered by this prospectus unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement for a particular series of warrants may specify different or additional terms.

We have filed forms of the warrant agreements and forms of warrant certificates containing the terms of the warrants that may be offered as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We will file as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will incorporate by reference from reports that we file with the SEC, the form of warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, that describe the terms of the particular series of warrants we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance of such warrants. The following summaries of material terms and provisions of the warrants are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements applicable to a particular series of warrants. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement related to the particular series of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as any related free writing prospectus, and the complete warrant agreement and warrant certificate, as applicable, and any supplemental agreements, that contain the terms of the warrants.

General

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of warrants, including:

 

   

the offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;

 

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the currency for which the warrants may be purchased;

 

   

if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;

 

   

if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable;

 

   

in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the price at, and currency in which, this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

 

   

in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, as the case may be, purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant and the price at which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;

 

   

the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreements and the warrants;

 

   

the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;

 

   

any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;

 

   

the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;

 

   

the manner in which the warrant agreements and warrants may be modified;

 

   

a discussion of any material or special U.S. federal income tax considerations of holding or exercising the warrants;

 

   

the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and

 

   

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.

Before exercising their warrants, holders of warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon such exercise, including:

 

   

in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the right to receive payments of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities purchasable upon exercise or to enforce covenants in the applicable indenture; or

 

   

in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the right to receive dividends, if any, or, payments upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up or to exercise voting rights, if any.

Exercise of Warrants

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase the securities that we specify in the applicable prospectus supplement at the exercise price that we describe in the applicable prospectus supplement. The warrants may be exercised as set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the warrants offered thereby. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

 

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Upon receipt of payment and the warrant certificate or agreement, as applicable, properly completed and duly executed at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent, if any, or any other office, including ours, indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will, as soon as practicable, issue and deliver the securities purchasable upon such exercise. If less than all of the warrants represented by such warrant certificate or agreement are exercised, a new warrant certificate or agreement will be issued for the remaining warrants.

Governing Law

Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, the warrants and warrant agreements will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Warrants

Each warrant agent, if any, will act solely as our agent under the applicable warrant agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any warrant. A single bank or trust company may act as warrant agent for more than one issue of warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.

LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

We can issue securities in registered form or in the form of one or more global securities. We describe global securities in greater detail below. We refer to those persons who have securities registered in their own names on the books that we or any applicable trustee, depositary or warrant agent maintain for this purpose as the “holders” of those securities. These persons are the legal holders of the securities. We refer to those persons who, indirectly through others, own beneficial interests in securities that are not registered in their own names, as “indirect holders” of those securities. As we discuss below, indirect holders are not legal holders, and investors in securities issued in book-entry form or in street name will be indirect holders.

Book-Entry Holders

We may issue securities in book-entry form only, as we will specify in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means securities may be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a financial institution that holds them as depositary on behalf of other financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions, which are referred to as participants, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the securities on behalf of themselves or their customers.

Only the person in whose name a security is registered is recognized as the holder of that security. Securities issued in global form will be registered in the name of the depositary or its participants. Consequently, for securities issued in global form, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the securities, and we will make all payments on the securities to the depositary. The depositary passes along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the securities.

As a result, investors in a book-entry security will not own securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the securities are issued in global form, investors will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the securities.

 

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Street Name Holders

We may terminate a global security or issue securities in non-global form. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their securities in their own names or in “street name.” Securities held by an investor in street name would be registered in the name of a bank, broker or other financial institution that the investor chooses, and the investor would hold only a beneficial interest in those securities through an account he or she maintains at that institution.

For securities held in street name, we will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions in whose names the securities are registered as the holders of those securities, and we will make all payments on those securities to them. These institutions pass along the payments they receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold securities in street name will be indirect holders, not holders, of those securities.

Legal Holders

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of any applicable trustee and of any third parties employed by us or a trustee, run only to the legal holders of the securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a security or has no choice because we are issuing the securities only in global form.

For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that holder is required, under agreements with depositary participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so. Similarly, we may want to obtain the approval of the holders to amend an indenture, to relieve us of the consequences of a default or of our obligation to comply with a particular provision of the indenture or for other purposes. In such an event, we would seek approval only from the holders, and not the indirect holders, of the securities. Whether and how the holders contact the indirect holders is up to the holders.

Special Considerations For Indirect Holders

If you hold securities through a bank, broker or other financial institution, either in book-entry form or in street name, you should check with your own institution to find out:

 

   

the performance of third party service providers and manufacturers.

 

   

how it handles securities payments and notices;

 

   

whether it imposes fees or charges;

 

   

how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;

 

   

whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted in the future;

 

   

how it would exercise rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests; and

 

   

if the securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.

 

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Global Securities

A global security is a security that represents one or any other number of individual securities held by a depositary. Generally, all securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms.

Each security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, DTC will be the depositary for all securities issued in book-entry form.

A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary, its nominee or a successor depositary, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under the section entitled “Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated” in this prospectus. As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and holder of all securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that does. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a holder of the security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.

If the prospectus supplement for a particular security indicates that the security will be issued in global form only, then the security will be represented by a global security at all times unless and until the global security is terminated. If termination occurs, we may issue the securities through another book-entry clearing system or decide that the securities may no longer be held through any book-entry clearing system.

Special Considerations For Global Securities

The rights of an indirect holder relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize an indirect holder as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.

If securities are issued only in the form of a global security, an investor should be aware of the following:

 

   

an investor cannot cause the securities to be registered in his or her name, and cannot obtain non-global certificates for his or her interest in the securities, except in the special situations we describe below;

 

   

an investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his or her own bank or broker for payments on the securities and protection of his or her legal rights relating to the securities, as we describe above;

 

   

an investor may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and to other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form;

 

   

an investor may not be able to pledge his or her interest in a global security in circumstances where certificates representing the securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;

 

   

the depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in a global security;

 

   

we and any applicable trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in a global security, nor do we or any applicable trustee supervise the depositary in any way;

 

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the depositary may, and we understand that DTC will, require that those who purchase and sell interests in a global security within its book-entry system use immediately available funds, and your broker or bank may require you to do so as well; and

 

   

financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in a global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices and other matters relating to the securities.

There may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any of those intermediaries.

Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated

In a few special situations described below, the global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing those interests. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in securities transferred to their own name, so that they will be direct holders. We have described the rights of holders and street name investors above.

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the global security will terminate when the following special situations occur:

 

   

if the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary for that global security and we do not appoint another institution to act as depositary within 90 days;

 

   

if we notify any applicable trustee that we wish to terminate that global security; or

 

   

if an event of default has occurred with regard to securities represented by that global security and has not been cured or waived.

The applicable prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and not we or any applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell the securities from time to time pursuant to underwritten public offerings, negotiated transactions, block trades or a combination of these methods or through underwriters or dealers, through agents and/or directly to one or more purchasers. The securities may be distributed from time to time in one or more transactions:

 

   

at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed;

 

   

at market prices prevailing at the time of sale;

 

   

at prices related to such prevailing market prices; or

 

   

at negotiated prices.

Each time that we sell securities covered by this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement or supplements that will describe the method of distribution and set forth the terms and conditions of the offering of such securities, including the offering price of the securities and the proceeds to us.

 

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Offers to purchase the securities being offered by this prospectus may be solicited directly. Agents may also be designated to solicit offers to purchase the securities from time to time. Any agent involved in the offer or sale of our securities will be identified in a prospectus supplement.

If a dealer is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, the securities will be sold to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the time of resale.

If an underwriter is utilized in the sale of the securities being offered by this prospectus, an underwriting agreement will be executed with the underwriter at the time of sale and the name of any underwriter will be provided in the prospectus supplement that the underwriter will use to make resales of the securities to the public. In connection with the sale of the securities, we or the purchasers of securities for whom the underwriter may act as agent, may compensate the underwriter in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions. The underwriter may sell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for which they may act as agent. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, an agent will be acting on a best efforts basis and a dealer will purchase securities as a principal, and may then resell the securities at varying prices to be determined by the dealer.

Any compensation paid to underwriters, dealers or agents in connection with the offering of the securities, and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed by underwriters to participating dealers will be provided in the applicable prospectus supplement. Underwriters, dealers and agents participating in the distribution of the securities may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act, and any discounts and commissions received by them and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions. We may enter into agreements to indemnify underwriters, dealers and agents against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute to payments they may be required to make in respect thereof and to reimburse those persons for certain expenses.

The securities may or may not be listed on a national securities exchange. To facilitate the offering of securities, certain persons participating in the offering may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities. This may include over-allotments or short sales of the securities, which involve the sale by persons participating in the offering of more securities than were sold to them. In these circumstances, these persons would cover such over-allotments or short positions by making purchases in the open market or by exercising their over-allotment option, if any. In addition, these persons may stabilize or maintain the price of the securities by bidding for or purchasing securities in the open market or by imposing penalty bids, whereby selling concessions allowed to dealers participating in the offering may be reclaimed if securities sold by them are repurchased in connection with stabilization transactions. The effect of these transactions may be to stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities at a level above that which might otherwise prevail in the open market. These transactions may be discontinued at any time.

If indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, underwriters or other persons acting as agents may be authorized to solicit offers by institutions or other suitable purchasers to purchase the securities at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement, pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on the date or dates stated in the prospectus supplement. These purchasers may include, among others, commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies and educational and charitable institutions. Delayed delivery contracts will be subject to the condition that the purchase of the securities covered by the delayed delivery contracts will not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of any jurisdiction in the United States to which the purchaser is subject. The underwriters and agents will not have any responsibility with respect to the validity or performance of these contracts.

We may engage in at the market offerings into an existing trading market in accordance with Rule 415(a)(4) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. In addition, we may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the

 

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applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of securities, and may use securities received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of securities. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post—effective amendment). In addition, we may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus and an applicable prospectus supplement. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.

The specific terms of any lock-up provisions in respect of any given offering will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

The underwriters, dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us, or perform services for us, in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.

In compliance with guidelines of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or FINRA, the maximum compensation to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker dealer may not exceed 8% of the aggregate amount of the securities offered pursuant to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement.

LEGAL MATTERS

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, Cooley LLP will pass upon certain legal matters in connection with the offering and the validity of the securities offered by this prospectus, and any supplement thereto.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

We are a reporting company and file and furnish annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act with respect to the securities we are offering under this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. For further information with respect to us and the securities we are offering under this prospectus, we refer you to the registration statement and the exhibits and schedules filed as a part of the registration statement. You may read and copy the registration statement, as well as our reports, proxy statements and other information, at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the public reference room. The SEC also maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers

 

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that file electronically with the SEC, including Medivation, Inc. The SEC’s Internet site can be found at http://www.sec.gov. We maintain a website at http://www.medivation.com. Information found on, or accessible through, our website is not a part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus, and you should not consider it part of this prospectus or part of any prospectus supplement.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document that we have filed separately with the SEC. You should read the information incorporated by reference because it is an important part of this prospectus. Information in this prospectus supersedes information incorporated by reference that we filed with the SEC prior to the date of this prospectus, while information that we file later with the SEC will automatically update and supersede the information in this prospectus. We incorporate by reference into this registration statement and prospectus the information or documents listed below that we have filed with the SEC (Commission File No. 001-32836):

 

   

our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011, filed with the SEC on February 29, 2012;

 

   

our current reports on Form 8-K filed (furnished in the case of the report furnished on December 15, 2011) with the SEC on December 15, 2011, January 6, 2012, January 9, 2012, January 17, 2012, January 20, 2012, February 1, 2012, February 3, 2012 and February 29, 2012;

 

   

our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on May 19, 2011; and

 

   

the description of our common stock set forth in our registration statement on Form 8-A/A, filed with the SEC on March 16, 2007, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

We also incorporate by reference any future filings (other than current reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits filed on such form that are related to such items unless such Form 8-K expressly provides to the contrary) made with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, until we file a post-effective amendment that indicates the termination of the offering of the securities made by this prospectus and will become a part of this prospectus from the date that such documents are filed with the SEC. Information in such future filings updates and supplements the information provided in this prospectus. Any statements in any such future filings will automatically be deemed to modify and supersede any information in any document we previously filed with the SEC that is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated herein by reference to the extent that statements in the later filed document modify or replace such earlier statements.

We will furnish without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered with the prospectus, including exhibits that are specifically incorporated by reference into such documents. Requests should be directed to: Medivation, Inc., Attention: Investor Relations, 201 Spear Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA 94105, (415) 543-3470.

 

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Table of Contents

 

 

 

$225,000,000

 

LOGO

2.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017

 

 

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

March 13, 2012

 

 

Sole Book-Running Manager

Citigroup

 

 

Co-Managers

Credit Suisse

Jefferies

William Blair & Company

Leerink Swann