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INCOME TAXES
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
INCOME TAXES INCOME TAXES
The Company develops interim income tax provisions based on estimates of the effective tax rates expected to apply per tax domicile for the current annual reporting period. These estimates are reevaluated each quarter and updated as necessary. The tax effects of any discrete items are recorded in the period in which they occur and are excluded from the interim estimates of the effective annual rates.
On March 27, 2020, the U.S. federal government enacted tax legislation under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) in response to the economic impacts of the spread of COVID-19. The CARES Act provides, among other things, relief to corporate taxpayers by permitting additional carryback allowances for net operating losses (“NOLs”) incurred for periods beginning after January 1, 2017 and before January 1, 2021. The CARES Act also provides changes to the limitations on interest expense deductibility for tax years beginning in 2019 and 2020.
The Company recognized an income tax expense (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 at effective rates of 50.7% and (53.0)%, respectively, and income tax expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 at effective rates of 25.4% and 25.7%, respectively. Changes in the effective rates at which a tax benefit or expense was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, were primarily driven by period over period decreases in pretax book income and the impact of the provisions of the CARES Act (specifically, the rate differential on the carryback of NOLs to years where the U.S. federal income tax rate was 35.0%, compared to the current rate of 21.0%). Changes in the impact of COVID-19 on the Company’s operations during the fourth quarter of 2020 could result in revisions to the estimated tax benefit related to the provisions of the CARES Act incorporated into its estimated annualized effective tax rate tax for 2020. Additional factors impacting the change in rates include vesting of equity awards, discrete significant restructuring costs, and changes in the relative taxable income in the countries and states in which the Company operates.