BUSINESS ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES

We completed several acquisitions and divestitures in recent years that we describe below. Generally, we acquire businesses that we believe will provide a strategic fit for our existing operations, cost savings and revenue synergies, or enable us to expand our capabilities in our Adjacent Services segment. We divest assets or businesses that we no longer find strategically aligned with our service offerings.

We allocate the total purchase price in a business acquisition to the fair value of identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the fair values at the acquisition date, and record amounts exceeding the fair values as goodwill. If the fair value of the assets acquired exceeds the purchase price, we record this excess as a gain on bargain purchase. We determine the estimated fair values of intangible assets acquired using our estimates of future discounted cash flows to be generated by the acquired business over the estimated duration of those cash flows. We base the estimated cash flows on our projections of future revenue, cost of revenue, capital expenditures, working capital needs and tax rates. We estimate the duration of the cash flows based on the projected useful life of the assets and business acquired. We determine the discount rate based on specific business risk, cost of capital and other factors.

Etesius Limited

In February 2010, the Company’s UK subsidiary acquired all the issued and outstanding capital stock of Etesius Limited (“Etesius”), a privately-held European provider of purchasing and payables technologies and spend analytics based in Chelmsford, United Kingdom. We have included the results of operations of Etesius in our Adjacent Services segment results of operations since the acquisition date as we acquired Etesius with the intention of expanding our capabilities in this segment.

The financial terms of the Etesius share purchase agreement (“SPA”) required an initial payment to the Etesius shareholders of $2.8 million and a $0.3 million payment for obligations on behalf of Etesius shareholders which resulted in a total estimated purchase price value of approximately $3.1 million.

The SPA required deferred payments of $1.2 million over four years from the date of the SPA to certain selling shareholders who are now our employees. The SPA also provided for potential additional variable payments (“earn-out”) to these selling shareholders/employees over the same four-year period based on the financial performance of certain of the Company’s services lines, up to a maximum of $3.8 million. Because we were not obligated to make the deferred and earn-out payments upon the termination of employment of these employees under certain circumstances, we recognized these payments as compensation expense as earned. From the acquisition date to December 31, 2014, we paid $1.4 million of deferred payments and variable consideration. This amount consisted of the final $0.7 million of deferred payments paid in February 2014 and $0.2 million of variable consideration paid in August 2014. We currently estimate that we will not pay any additional variable consideration relating to these provisions resulting in no remaining amounts payable relating to this acquisition as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.

TJG Holdings LLC

In November 2010, we acquired the business and certain assets of TJG Holdings LLC (“TJG”), a privately-held provider of finance and procurement operations improvement services based in Chicago, Illinois. We have included the results of operations of TJG in our Adjacent Services segment results of operations since the acquisition date. We acquired TJG with the intention of expanding our financial advisory services business. We recorded goodwill in connection with this acquisition, representing the value of the assembled workforce, including a management team with deep industry knowledge. This goodwill was deductible for tax purposes until our divestiture of certain assets from this acquisition in October 2014 (see Divestitures below).

The financial terms of the TJG Asset Purchase Agreement required an initial payment to the TJG owners of $2.3 million. Additional variable consideration (“earn-out”) could be earned based on the operating results generated by the acquired business over the two years subsequent to the acquisition, up to a maximum of $1.9 million. We recorded an additional $1.4 million payable based on management’s estimate of the fair value of the earn-out liability. We calculated the earn-out liability based on estimated future discounted cash flows to be generated by the acquired business over a two year period. We determined the discount rate based on specific business risk, cost of capital and other factors. The total estimated purchase price was valued at approximately $3.7 million. From the acquisition date to December 31, 2013, we paid $1.9 million of the earn-out and recorded accretion and other adjustments of the liability of $0.5 million, resulting in no remaining earn-out payable as of December 31, 2013.

Associate Migrations

During 2012, we acquired the assets of several third-party audit firms to which we had subcontracted a portion of our audit services in our Recovery Audit Services – Europe/Asia-Pacific segment. We refer to the subcontractors as associates, and to the acquisitions as associate migrations. In an associate migration, we generally transfer all of the employees of the associate entity to PRGX, and continue to service the related clients with the same personnel as were providing services prior to the associate migration. We completed the associate migrations with the intention of providing more standardization and centralization of our audit procedures, thereby increasing client service while also decreasing costs. Generally, revenue remains unchanged as a result of an associate migration, and expenses change from a fixed percentage of revenue to a variable amount based on actual employee and related costs. The 2012 associate migrations included CRC Management Consultants LLP (“CRC”) in January 2012 for a purchase price valued at $1.0 million; QFS Ltd (“QFS”) in June 2012 for a purchase price valued at $0.4 million; and Nordic Profit Provider AB (“NPP”) in November 2012 for a purchase price valued at $0.1 million.

The allocation of the aggregate fair values of the assets acquired and purchase price for these associate migrations in 2012 is summarized as follows (in thousands):



Fair values of net assets acquired:
Equipment	$	10
Intangible assets, primarily non-compete agreements	171
Working capital, including work in progress	666
Goodwill	695
Fair value of net assets acquired	$	1,542
Fair value of purchase price	$	1,542

Business Strategy, Inc.

In December 2011, we acquired BSI, based in Grand Rapids, Michigan, for a purchase price valued at $11.9 million. BSI was a provider of recovery audit and related procure-to-pay process improvement services for commercial clients, and a provider of customized software solutions and outsourcing solutions to improve back office payment processes. We have included the results of operations of Business Strategy, Inc. in our Recovery Audit Services – Americas segment and the results of operations of the affiliated company in our Adjacent Services segment results of operations since the acquisition date. These amounts aggregated $0.8 million of revenue and $0.1 million of net income in 2011 and $10.9 million of revenue and $1.5 million of net income in 2012. We acquired BSI with the intention of expanding our commercial recovery audit capabilities and to expand the services we offer to our clients.

The purchase price included an initial cash payment of $2.8 million and 640,614 shares of our common stock having a value of $3.7 million. An additional payment of approximately $0.7 million was due and paid in the first half of 2012 for working capital received in excess of a specified minimum level. We were subject to additional variable consideration of up to $5.5 million, payable via a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, based on the performance of the acquired businesses over a two-year period from the date of acquisition. We were also subject to additional consideration of up to $8.0 million, payable in cash over a period of two years, based on certain net cash fee receipts from a particular recovery audit claim at a specific client. We recorded an additional $4.9 million payable as of the acquisition date based on management’s estimate of the fair value of the variable consideration payable. We adjusted the $12.2 million initial estimates of the fair value of the assets and liabilities in 2012, resulting in reductions to goodwill of $0.2 million, and the fair value of the purchase price of $0.2 million, and recorded this change retroactively to 2011. The final goodwill amount of $7.6 million includes $1.5 million that is deductible for income tax purposes.

The final allocation of the fair values of the assets acquired and purchase price is summarized as follows (in thousands):



Fair values of net assets acquired:	Final Allocation
Equipment	$	70
Intangible assets, primarily customer relationships	4,041
Working capital, including work in progress	1,967
Deferred tax liabilities	(1,736		)
Goodwill	7,577
Fair value of net assets acquired	$	11,919
Fair value of purchase price	$	11,919

From the acquisition date to December 31, 2014, we paid $6.3 million of the earn-out liability consisting of cash payments of $3.6 million and 404,775 shares of our common stock having a value of $2.7 million. We also recorded accretion and other adjustments of the earn-out liability of $1.4 million, resulting in no remaining earn-out payable as of December 31, 2014.

The following unaudited pro forma condensed financial information presents the combined results of operations of the Company, BSI, CRC, QFS, and NPP as if the acquisitions had occurred as of January 1, 2011. The unaudited pro forma financial information is not indicative of, nor does it purport to project, the future financial position or operating results of the Company. Pro forma adjustments included in these amounts consist primarily of amortization expense associated with the intangible assets recorded in the allocation of the purchase price. The unaudited pro forma financial information excludes acquisition and integration costs and does not give effect to any estimated and potential cost savings or other operating efficiencies that could result from the acquisition. Unaudited pro forma condensed financial information, excluding divestitures, is as follows (in thousands):



	Years Ended December 31,
	2012		2011
Revenue	$	208,503	$	210,073
Net income (loss)	$	5,913	$	4,341

Global Edge

In December 2015, we acquired the Supplier Information Management business from Global Edge for a purchase price valued at $0.7 million. The Global EDGE SIM platform includes vendor master file cleanse, regulatory and sanction checks, supplier onboarding, vendor authentication and risk management services. The purchase price included an initial cash payment of $0.5 million and additional variable cash consideration based on the performance of the acquired businesses over a two year period from the date of acquisition valued at $0.2 million.

Divestitures

In October 2014, we divested certain assets within our Adjacent Services segment that were related to our Chicago, Illinois-based consulting business. These assets, previously acquired in November 2010 from TJG Holdings LLC, were sold to Salo, LLC, a Minnesota limited liability company. We received an initial cash payment of $1.1 million in connection with the closing of the transaction and recognized a loss on the sale of less than $0.1 million, which we recognized in Other loss in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. We have also received payment for working capital transferred to the buyer. In addition, we received $0.8 million in earn-out payments based on certain revenue recognized by the buyer in relation to the acquired business during the year following the closing date of the divestiture.

In August 2015, we divested certain assets from a document service offering purchased as part of the Business Strategy, Inc. acquisition in 2011.We did not receive any initial cash payments at closing of the transaction and recognized a loss on the sale of $1.6 million, which we recognized in Other loss in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. We may receive a portion of revenue recognized by the buyer for the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 that is based on a percentage of revenue from the clients transferred in connection with the disposition. The revenue sharing percentage ranges from 10% to 30% based on the type of solution or service to be performed.