SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (General) (Details)					1 Months Ended				3 Months Ended	6 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Aug. 29, 2022	Jul. 02, 2021 USD ($) $ / shares shares	May 13, 2021 USD ($)	Feb. 17, 2021 USD ($) shares	May 31, 2023 USD ($)	Jul. 23, 2018 USD ($)	Oct. 19, 2017 USD ($)	Oct. 31, 2015	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item agreement $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) item agreement $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) shares	Mar. 21, 2023 item	Feb. 27, 2023 USD ($)	Aug. 25, 2021
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of global licensing and supply agreements | agreement										2	2
Number of patients dosed | item														56
Number of shares issued (in shares) | shares				8,749,999
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share | $ / shares										$ 0.001	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Stock issuance proceeds				$ 40,200,000							$ 23,954,000	$ 8,236,000	$ 8,575,000
Amount of milestone payment received					$ 20,000,000.0
Aggregate principal amount										$ 20,251,000	20,251,000	0
Accumulated deficit										(381,549,000)	(381,549,000)	$ (389,861,000)
Present value of operating lease liabilities										$ 6,030,000	$ 6,030,000
Equity component of convertible notes, net of transaction costs													$ 12,027,000
ATM Shares
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of shares issued (in shares) | shares									13,980,060	0	12,560,150	7,473,038
Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share | $ / shares		$ 0.001
Sale of stock, maximum offering price		$ 20,000,000.0								$ 6,400,000	$ 6,400,000				$ 20,000,000.0
Stock issuance proceeds									$ 20,000,000.0		$ 24,900,000	$ 8,700,000
ATM Equity Offering Sales Agreement
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of shares issued (in shares) | shares		3,296,123											1,867,552
Stock issuance proceeds		$ 13,800,000											$ 8,800,000
2021 Notes
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)										7.50%	7.50%
2024 Notes
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)										7.50%	7.50%					7.50%
Minimum cash balance required										$ 7,500,000	$ 7,500,000
Transactions costs in connection with the exchange of convertible notes											869,000
Amended Pfizer Agreement | Protalix Bio Therapeutics Incorporation | Brazil
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Collaborative Arrangement Revenues and Expenses Sharing Percentage								100.00%
Chiesi Agreements
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Non-refundable payment receivable						$ 25,000,000.0	$ 25,000,000.0			50,000,000.0	50,000,000.0
Extended term of agreement	7 years
Agreement amendment payment receivable										$ 30,000,000.0	30,000,000.0
Amount of milestone payment received											$ 20,000,000.0
Revenue, Performance Obligation, Number | item										2	2
Chiesi US Agreement
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Additional amounts payable to cover development costs						20,000,000.0
Maximum entitlement of development costs to cover per year						7,500,000
Additional amount payable for achievement of regulatory and commercial milestones						$ 760,000,000.0				$ 735,000,000.0	$ 735,000,000.0
Chiesi US Agreement | Minimum
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Payment on net sales percentage						15.00%					15.00%
Chiesi US Agreement | Maximum
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Payment on net sales percentage						40.00%					40.00%
Chiesi Ex-US Agreement
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Additional amounts payable to cover development costs							25,000,000.0
Maximum entitlement of development costs to cover per year							10,000,000.0
Agreement amendment payment receivable			$ 10,000,000.0
Change in amount receivable for achievement of regulatory and commercial milestones			$ 25,000,000.0
Additional amount payable for achievement of regulatory and commercial milestones							$ 320,000,000.0
Chiesi Ex-US Agreement | Minimum
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Payment on net sales percentage							15.00%				15.00%
Chiesi Ex-US Agreement | Maximum
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Payment on net sales percentage							35.00%				35.00%
Fill/Finish Agreement
Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Extended term of agreement	7 years