Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-208004) and Registration Statements on Form S-8 (No. 333-148983, No. 333-182677 and 333-203960) of Protalix BioTherapeutics, Inc. of our report dated March 8, 2016 relating to the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in this Form 10-K.

/s/ Kesselman & Kesselman

Kesselman & Kesselman

Certified Public Accountants (lsr.)

A member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers International Limited

Tel-Aviv, Israel

March 8, 2016