NOTE 11 — PURCHASED INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill amounts as of January 31, 2016 and 2015 related to the following business combinations.

	2016		2015
GPS	$	18,476	$	18,476
Roberts	14,880		—
APC	4,049		—

Totals	$	37,405	$	18,476

The Company’s other purchased intangible assets consisted of the following elements as of January 31, 2016 and 2015.

		2016						2015
	Estimated Useful Life	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount		Net Amount
Trade names -
GPS	15 years	$	3,643	$	2,222	$	1,421	$	1,664
Roberts	indefinite	4,499		—		4,499		—
SMC	indefinite	181		—		181		181
Process certifications -
Roberts	7 years	1,897		45		1,852		—
Customer relationships -
Roberts	10 years	916		15		901		—
APC	4 years	430		59		371		—
Other intangibles	various	288		169		119		—

Totals		$	11,854	$	2,510	$	9,344	$	1,845

The Company determined the fair values of the trade names using a relief-from-royalty methodology. The Company believes that the useful life of the trade name for GPS represents the number of years that such intangibles are expected to contribute to future cash flows. The useful lives for the trade names for Roberts and SMC are considered to be indefinite. In order to value the process certifications of Roberts, the Company applied a reproduction cost new method that required the estimation of the costs to replace the assets with certifications that would have the same functionality or utility as the acquired assets. Other intangible assets include primarily the fair values estimated for acquired contract backlogs, other customer relationships and non-compete agreements.

The tables below present the activity for the years ended January 31, 2016 and 2015 related to intangible assets, excluding goodwill, that were acquired in connection with business combinations.

		2016		2015
Intangible assets, beginning of year	$	3,824	$	3,824

Addition - acquisition of APC		543		—

Addition - acquisition of Roberts		7,487		—

Total intangible assets, end of year		11,854		3,824


Accumulated amortization, beginning of year	$	1,979	$	1,736
Amortization expense	531		243

Accumulated amortization, end of year	2,510		1,979

Intangible assets, net	$	9,344	$	1,845

The future amounts of amortization expense related to intangibles are presented below for the years ending January 31:

2017	$	813
2018	732
2019	713
2020	605
2021	605
Thereafter	1,196

Total	$	4,664

For income tax reporting purposes, goodwill in the approximate amount of $12,300,000 is being amortized on a straight-line basis over periods of 15 years. The other amounts of the Company’s goodwill are not amortizable for income tax reporting purposes.