Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Financial Statements. The preparation of the accompanying Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our Financial Statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  

Revenue

Revenue.  The majority of our future revenue is related to our revenue management solution customer contracts that include variable consideration dependent upon a series of monthly volumes and/or daily usage of services and have contractual terms ending from 2021 through 2028.  Our customer contracts may include guaranteed minimums and fixed monthly or annual fees.  As of March 31, 2021, our aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations is approximately $900 million, which is made up of fixed fee consideration and guaranteed minimums expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied).  We expect to recognize approximately 80% of this amount by the end of 2023, with the remaining amount recognized by the end of 2028.  We have excluded from this amount variable consideration expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied.    

The nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of our revenue and how revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors is most appropriately depicted by revenue type, geographic region, and customer vertical.

Revenue by type for the first quarters of 2021 and 2020 was as follows (in thousands):

	Quarter Ended
	March 31,
	2021		2020
Cloud and related solutions	$	227,019	$	222,220
Software and services		14,779		13,206
Maintenance		11,321		10,191
Total revenue	$	253,119	$	245,617

We use the location of the customer as the basis of attributing revenue to geographic regions.  Revenue by geographic region for the first quarters of 2021 and 2020, as a percentage of our total revenue, was as follows:

	Quarter Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
Americas (principally the U.S.)		86	%		88	%
Europe, Middle East, and Africa		10	%		9	%
Asia Pacific		4	%		3	%
Total revenue		100	%		100	%

We generate our revenue primarily from the global communications markets; however, we serve an expanding group of customers in markets including financial services, healthcare, media and entertainment companies, and government entities.  Revenue by customer vertical for the first quarters of 2021 and 2020, as a percentage of our total revenue, was as follows:

	Quarter Ended
	March 31,
	2021			2020
Broadband/Cable/Satellite		57	%		58	%
Telecommunications		18	%		17	%
Other		25	%		25	%
Total revenue		100	%		100	%

Deferred revenue recognized for the first quarters of 2021and 2020 was $20.1 million and $17.7 million, respectively.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents. We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the date of the purchase to be cash equivalents.  As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, our cash equivalents consist primarily of institutional money market funds, commercial paper, and time deposits held at major banks.

As of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had $1.9 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of restricted cash that serves to collateralize outstanding letters of credit.  This restricted cash is included in cash and cash equivalents in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (“Balance Sheets” or “Balance Sheet”).  For the cash and cash equivalents denominated in foreign currencies and/or located outside the U.S., we do not anticipate any material amounts being unavailable for use in running our business, but may face limitations on moving cash out of certain foreign jurisdictions due to currency controls and potential negative economic consequences.

Short-term Investments and Other Financial Instruments

Short-term Investments and Other Financial Instruments.  Our financial instruments as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 include cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and debt.  Due to their short maturities, the carrying amounts of cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their fair value.

Our short-term investments and certain of our cash equivalents are considered “available-for-sale” and are reported at fair value in our Balance Sheets, with unrealized gains and losses, net of the related income tax effect, excluded from earnings and reported in a separate component of stockholders’ equity.  Realized and unrealized gains and losses were not material in any period presented.

Primarily all short-term investments held by us as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 have contractual maturities of less than two years from the time of acquisition.  Our short-term investments as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 consisted almost entirely of fixed income securities.  Proceeds from the sale/maturity of short-term investments for the first quarters of March 31, 2021 and 2020 were $29.3 million and $18.7 million, respectively.

Our short-term investments as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 were $54.5 million and $51.6 million, respectively.

The following table represents the fair value hierarchy based upon three levels of inputs, of which Levels 1 and 2 are considered observable and Level 3 is unobservable, for our financial assets measured at fair value (in thousands):

	March 31, 2021						December 31, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Total
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	33,546	$	—	$	33,546	$	33,535	$	—	$	33,535
Commercial paper		—		9,224		9,224		—		15,746		15,746
Corporate debt securities		—		—		—		—		1,351		1,351
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities		—		42,544		42,544		—		38,672		38,672
U.S. government agency bonds		—		4,628		4,628		—		4,642		4,642
Asset-backed securities		—		7,367		7,367		—		8,284		8,284
Total	$	33,546	$	63,763	$	97,309	$	33,535	$	68,695	$	102,230

Valuation inputs used to measure the fair values of our money market funds were derived from quoted market prices.  The fair values of all other financial instruments are based upon pricing provided by third-party pricing services.  These prices were derived from observable market inputs.

We have chosen not to record our debt at fair value, with changes recognized in earnings each reporting period.  The following table indicates the carrying value (par value for convertible debt) and estimated fair value of our debt as of the indicated periods (in thousands):

	March 31, 2021				December 31, 2020
	Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
	Value		Value		Value		Value
2018 Credit Agreement (carrying value including current maturities)	$	123,750	$	123,750	$	126,563	$	126,563
2016 Convertible debt (par value)		230,000		243,513		230,000		244,663

The fair value for our credit agreement was estimated using a discounted cash flow methodology, while the fair value for our convertible debt was estimated based upon quoted market prices or recent sales activity, both of which are considered Level 2 inputs.

Equity Method Investment

Equity Method Investment.  We held a 15% noncontrolling interest in a payment technology and services company with a carrying value of approximately $8 million as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, included in other non-current assets in our Balance Sheets.

Accounting Pronouncement Issued But Not Yet Effective

Accounting Pronouncement Issued But Not Yet Effective.  In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”), which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts in an entity’s own equity. ASU 2020-06 also amends the related Earnings Per Share guidance. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and can be adopted on either a fully retrospective or modified retrospective basis. We are currently evaluating the timing, method of adoption, and overall impact of this standard on our Financial Statements.