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Note 11 - Stock Based Compensation and Other Plans
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Notes to Financial Statements  
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]
11.
Stock Based Compensation and Other Plans
 
SGRP has granted stock option and restricted stock awards to the Company's eligible directors, officers and employees and consultants providing services to the Company to purchase SGRP Shares pursuant to the
2018
Plan and SGRP's
2008
Stock Compensation Plan (as amended, the
"2008
Plan"). SGRP's stockholders approved and adopted the
2018
Plan in
May 2018
and the
2008
Plan in
May 2008,
as the successor to various predecessor stock option plans (including the
2018
Plan and
2008
Plan, each a "Prior Plan") with respect to all new Awards granted, and an amendment to the
2008
Plan in
May 2009,
permitting the discretionary repricing of existing awards. SGRP also has granted stock options that continue to be outstanding under the Prior Plans. Each Prior Plan will continue to be active for the purposes of any remaining outstanding options and other Awards granted under it for so long as such options are outstanding.
 
At the
May 2018
annual meeting of stockholders, the stockholders approved the
2018
Stock Compensation Plan of SPAR Group, Inc. (the
"2018
Plan").
No
new Awards could be issued under the
2018
Plan after the end of its final term on
May 31, 2019. 
Awards granted prior to the end of the final term of the
2018
Plan shall continue to be governed by the
2018
Plan (which
2018
Plan shall continue in full force and effect for that purpose).
 
As of
December 31, 2019,
there were Awards respecting
600,000
shares of SGRP's Common Stock that had been granted under the
2018
Plan (
555,000
of which remained outstanding), and Awards respecting
3,044,927
shares of SGRP's Common Stock outstanding under the
2008
Plan.  As of
December 31, 2019,
there were
no
Awards available for grant under the
2018
Plan.
 
The employees, officers and directors of the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company") or their consultants providing services to the Company (collectively, the "Participants") under the
2018
Plan have been granted certain Equity Compensation Awards based on SGRP Shares ("Awards").  The Participants providing such consulting services include the employees of and consultants to certain non-subsidiary affiliates and licensees of SGRP providing services to the Company (see Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, below) and other affiliates of and providers to the Corporation ("SPAR Vendors").
 
The
2018
Plan permitted the granting of Awards consisting of options to purchase shares of SGRP Shares Common Stock ("Options"), stock appreciation rights based on SGRP Shares ("SARs"), restricted SGRP Shares ("Restricted Stock"), and restricted stock units based on SGRP Shares ("RSUs"). The
2018
Plan permitted the granting of both Options that qualify under Section
422
of the United States Internal Revenue Code of
1986
as amended (the "Code") for treatment as incentive stock options ("Incentive Stock Options" or "
ISOs
") and Options that do
not
qualify under the Code as Incentive Stock Options ("Nonqualified Stock Options" or "NQSOs").  ISOs
may
only be granted to employees of the Corporation or its subsidiaries.
 
The SGRP Shares issued pursuant to the Options, SARs, Restricted Stock and RSUs under the
2018
Plan were all subject to the
2018
Maximum as noted above.
 
Awards can
no
longer be granted under the
2018
Plan.
 
The purpose of the
2018
Plan was to promote the interests of the Corporation and its stockholders by providing stock-based incentives to certain employees, directors, officers and consultants. Under the
2018
Plan, the mutuality of interest between those participants and the Corporation is strengthened because they have a proprietary interest in pursuing the Corporation's long-term growth and financial success. In addition, by allowing participation in the Corporation's success, the Corporation is better able to attract, retain and reward quality employees, directors, officers and consultants. In selecting the participants to whom Awards
may
be granted, consideration is given to factors such as employment position, duties and responsibilities, ability, productivity, length of service, morale, interest in the Corporation and recommendations of supervisors.
 
The vesting, duration and other terms of future awards was determined by the Compensation Committee in its discretion subject to any restrictions in the
2018
Plan and the Code. The terms
may
be different for the same or similar Awards or Participants.
No
SARs or RSUs were issued under the
2008
Plan or
2018
Plan. Restricted Stock Awards granted under the
2008
Plan and
2018
Plan generally vested over
four
years (i.e.,
one
fourth
per year of service after the grant date).  Option Awards granted under the
2008
Plan and
2018
Plan were generally Non-Qualified Options, generally vested over
four
years (i.e.,
one
fourth
per year of service after the grant date), had
ten
year terms, and had exercise prices set at fair market value on the grant date.
 
The grant date for an Award is generally the date the Award is approved by the Compensation Committee. Each Award granted under the
2018
Plan was evidenced by a Contract in a form approved by the Compensation Committee and executed by the Corporation and the Participant receiving the Award. Each Contract contained the terms, provisions and conditions pertaining to the applicable Award, including (as applicable) exercise price.
 
Participants received Awards in return for the past and future rendering of services and were
not
required to pay the Corporation for such Awards (except for applicable tax withholding when due and any exercise price in the case of Options) or purchase price (if any) established by the Compensation Committee in the applicable Contract.
 
The
2018
Plan gave SGRP's Compensation Committee the full authority and complete flexibility from time to time to designate and modify (in its discretion)
one
or more of the outstanding Awards (including their exercise and base prices and other components and terms) to (among other things) restore their intended values and incentives to their holders. However, the exercise price, Base Value (as defined in the
2018
Plan) or similar component (if equal to SGRP's full stock price at issuance) of any Award cannot be lowered to an amount that is less than the Fair Market Value (as defined in the
2018
Plan) on the date of the applicable modification, and
no
modification can adversely affect an awardee's rights or obligations under an Award without the awardee's consent.
 
2008
Plan Summary
 
2008
Plan Stock option Award activity for the years ended 
December 31, 2019
and
2018
is summarized below:
 
     
 
 
   
 
 
 
Weighted-
     
 
 
     
 
 
 
Weighted-
   
Average
   
Aggregate
 
     
 
 
 
Average
   
Remaining
   
Intrinsic
 
     
 
   
Exercise
   
Contractual
   
Value
 
Option Awards
 
Shares
   
Price
   
Term (Years)
   
(thousands)
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2018
   
3,344,177
    $
0.96
     
5.17
    $
1,221
 
Granted
   
45,000
     
1.67
     
     
 
Exercised/cancelled
   
306,750
     
0.40
     
     
 
Forfeited or expired
   
37,500
     
     
     
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018
   
3,044,927
    $
1.01
     
4.55
    $
103
 
Granted
   
     
     
     
 
Exercised
   
804,580
     
0.44
     
     
 
Forfeited or expired
   
13,136
     
     
     
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2019
   
2,227,211
    $
1.22
     
4.83
    $
452
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2019
   
1,723,961
    $
1.27
     
4.06
    $
321
 
 
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock option Awards granted during the year ended
December 31, 2019
 was
$0.00.
The total intrinsic value of stock option Awards exercised during the year ended 
December 31, 2019
and
2018
was
$258,000
and
$274,000,
respectively.
 
The Company recognized
$139,000
and
$155,000
 in stock-based compensation expense relating to stock option Awards during the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
, respectively. The recognized tax benefit on stock based compensation expense related to stock options during the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
, was approximately
$35,000
and
$38,000,
respectively.
 
As of
December 31, 2019
, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options was
$182,000.
This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately
2.0
years, and will be adjusted for changes in estimated forfeitures.
 
20
1
8
Plan Summary
 
Following are the specific valuation assumptions used for options granted in
2018
 for the
2018
Plan:
 
   
2019
 
2018
Expected volatility
 
39.0%
 
43.0%
Expected dividend yields
 
0.0%
 
0.0%
Expected term (in years)
 
3
 
5
Risk free interest rate
 
2.3%
 
2.5%
Expected forfeiture rate
 
5.0%
 
5.0%
 
2018
Plan Stock option Award activity for the years ended
December 31, 2019
 and
2018
are summarized below:
 
     
 
 
   
 
 
 
Weighted-
     
 
 
     
 
 
 
Weighted-
   
Average
   
Aggregate
 
     
 
 
 
Average
   
Remaining
   
Intrinsic
 
     
 
   
Exercise
   
Contractual
   
Value
 
Option Awards
 
Shares
   
Price
   
Term (Years)
   
(thousands)
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2018    
     
     
     
 
Granted
   
245,000
     
1.23
     
     
 
Exercised/cancelled
   
     
     
     
 
Forfeited or expired
   
10,000
     
     
     
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2018    
235,000
    $
1.23
     
9.35
    $
-
 
Granted    
320,000
     
0.64
     
     
 
Exercised
   
     
     
     
 
Forfeited or expired    
     
     
     
 
Outstanding at December 31, 2019
   
555,000
    $
0.89
     
8.88
    $
6
 
Exercisable at December 31, 2019
   
88,750
    $
1.23
     
8.35
    $
6
 
 
The weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock option Awards granted during the year ended
December 31, 2019
 was
$0.27.
The total intrinsic value of stock option Awards exercised during the years ended
December 31, 2019
 and
2018
was
$
0
.
 
The Company recognized
$90,000
and
$31,000
 in stock-based compensation expense relating to stock option Awards during the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
, respectively. The recognized tax benefit on stock based compensation expense related to stock options during the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
, was approximately
$22,000
and
$8,000,
respectively.
 
As of
December 31, 2019
, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options was
$122,000.
This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately
2.0
years, and will be adjusted for changes in estimated forfeitures.
 
Restricted Stock -
2008
Plan
 
The restricted stock Awards previously issued under the
2008
Plan vested during the
first
four
years following issuance at the rate of
25%
on each anniversary date of their issuance so long as the holder continues to be employed by the Company. Restricted stock granted under the
2008
Plan is measured at fair value on the date of the grant, based on the number of shares granted and the quoted price of the Company's common stock. The shares of stock are issued and value is recognized as compensation expense ratably over the requisite service period which generally is the Award's vesting period. In
2018,
the Company did
not
issue restricted stock Awards to its employees or Directors.
 
The following table summarizes the activity for restricted stock Awards during the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
:
 
     
 
 
 
Weighted-
 
     
 
 
 
Average
 
     
 
 
 
Grant Date
 
     
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
   
Shares
   
per Share
 
Unvested at January 1, 2018
   
68,400
    $
1.38
 
Granted
   
     
 
Vested
   
(18,900
)    
1.48
 
Forfeited
   
(48,500
)    
1.35
 
Unvested at December 31, 2018
   
1,000
     
1.36
 
Granted
   
     
 
Vested
   
(1,000
)    
1.36
 
Forfeited
   
     
 
Unvested at December 31, 2019
   
    $
-
 
 
During the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
, the Company recognized approximately
$1,200
and
$15,000,
respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock. The recognized tax benefit on stock based compensation expense related to restricted stock during the years ended 
December 31, 2019
and
2018
was approximately
$0
and
$4,000,
respectively. 
 
During the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
, the total fair value of restricted stock vested was
$1,000
and
$23,000,
respectively.
 
As of
December 31, 2019
, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock Awards was
$0.
 
Restricted Stock -
2018
Plan
 
The restricted stock Awards previously issued under the
2018
Plan (like those under the
2008
Plan) vested during the
first
four
years following issuance at the rate of
25%
on each anniversary date of their issuance so long as the holder continues to be employed by the Company. Restricted stock granted under the
2018
Plan (like those under the
2008
Plan) is measured at fair value on the date of the grant, based on the number of shares granted and the quoted price of the Company's common stock. The shares of stock are issued and value is recognized as compensation expense ratably over the requisite service period which generally is the Award's vesting period. In
2019,
there were
no
restricted stock Awards issued to its Directors.
 
The following table summarizes the activity for restricted stock Awards during the year ended
December 31, 2019
 and
2018:
 
     
 
 
 
Weighted-
 
     
 
 
 
Average
 
     
 
 
 
Grant Date
 
     
 
 
 
Fair Value
 
   
Shares
   
per Share
 
Unvested at January 1, 2018    
20,000
    $
1.23
 
Granted
   
     
 
Vested
   
(10,000
)    
1.23
 
Forfeited
   
     
 
Unvested at December 31, 2018    
10,000
     
1.23
 
Granted    
     
 
Vested    
(10,000
)    
1.23
 
Forfeited    
     
 
Unvested at December 31, 2019
   
    $
-
 
 
During the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
, the Company recognized approximately
$4,000
and
$20,000,
respectively, of stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock. The recognized tax benefit on stock based compensation expense related to restricted stock during the years ended 
December 31, 2019
and
2018
was approximately
$1,000
and
$5,000,
respectively. 
 
During the years ended
December 31, 2019
and
2018
, the total fair value of restricted stock vested was
$7,000
and
$12,000,
respectively.
 
As of
December 31, 2019
, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock Awards was
$0.
 
Stock Purchase Plans
 
In
2001,
SGRP adopted its
2001
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESP Plan"), which replaced its earlier existing plan, and its
2001
Consultant Stock Purchase Plan (the "CSP Plan"). These plans were each effective as of
June 1, 2001.
The ESP Plan allows employees of the Company, and the CSP Plan allows employees of the affiliates of the Company to purchase SGRP's Common Stock from SGRP without having to pay any brokerage commissions. On
August 8, 2002,
the Board approved a
15%
discount for employee purchases of Common Stock under the ESP Plan and recommended that its affiliates pay
15%
of the value of the stock purchased as a cash bonus for affiliate consultant purchases of Common Stock under the CSP Plan.