2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of MSC and its subsidiaries, all of which are wholly owned. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Fiscal Year

The Company’s fiscal year is on a 52 or 53 week basis, ending on the Saturday closest to August 31st of each year. The financial statements for fiscal year 2016 contain activity for 53 weeks while 2015 and 2014 contain activity for 52 weeks. Unless the context requires otherwise, references to years contained herein pertain to the Company’s fiscal year.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions used in preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all short-term, highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

The Company’s mix of receivables is diverse, with approximately 366,000 active customer accounts (customers that have made at least one purchase in the last 12 months) at September 3, 2016 (excluding U.K. operations). The Company sells its products primarily to end-users. The Company’s customer base represents many diverse industries primarily concentrated in the United States. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and collateral is generally not required. Receivables are generally due within 30 days. The Company evaluates the collectability of accounts receivable based on numerous factors, including past transaction history with customers and their creditworthiness and provides a reserve for accounts that are potentially uncollectible.

The Company’s cash include deposits with commercial banks. The terms of these deposits and investments provide that all monies are available to the Company upon demand. The Company maintains the majority of its cash with high quality financial institutions. Deposits held with banks may exceed insurance limits. While MSC monitors the creditworthiness of these commercial banks and financial institutions, a crisis in the United States financial systems could limit access to funds and/or result in a loss of principal.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The Company establishes reserves for customer accounts that are deemed uncollectible. The method used to estimate the allowances is based on several factors, including the age of the receivables and the historical ratio of actual write-offs to the age of the receivables. These analyses also take into consideration economic conditions that may have an impact on a specific industry, group of customers or a specific customer. While the Company has a broad customer base, representing many diverse industries primarily in all regions of the United States, a general economic downturn could result in higher than expected defaults, and therefore, the need to revise estimates for bad debts.

Inventory Valuation

Inventories consist of merchandise held for resale and are stated at the lower of weighted average cost or market. The Company evaluates the recoverability of our slow-moving or obsolete inventories quarterly. The Company estimates the recoverable cost of such inventory by product type while considering such factors as its age, historic and current demand trends, the physical condition of the inventory, as well as assumptions regarding future demand. The Company’s ability to recover its cost for slow-moving or obsolete inventory can be affected by such factors as general market conditions, future customer demand, and relationships with suppliers. Substantially all of the Company’s inventories have demonstrated long shelf lives and are not highly susceptible to obsolescence. In addition, many of the Company’s inventories are eligible for return under various supplier rebate programs.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment and capitalized computer software are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred; costs of major renewals and improvements are capitalized. At the time property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the asset and accumulated depreciation accounts and the profit or loss on such disposition is reflected in income.

Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment are computed for financial reporting purposes on the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over either their respective lease terms or their estimated lives, whichever is shorter. Estimated useful lives range from three to forty years for leasehold improvements and buildings and three to twenty years for furniture, fixtures, and equipment.

Capitalized computer software costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life. These costs include purchased software packages, payments to vendors and consultants for the development, implementation or modification of purchased software packages for Company use, and payroll and related costs for employees associated with internal-use software projects. Capitalized computer software costs are included within property, plant and equipment on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The Company’s business acquisitions typically result in the recording of goodwill and other intangible assets, which affect the amount of amortization expense and possibly impairment write-downs that the Company may incur in future periods. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets acquired in connection with business acquisitions. Goodwill increased $455 in fiscal 2016, related to foreign currency translation adjustments. The Company annually reviews goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite lives for impairment in its fiscal fourth quarter and when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying values of these assets might exceed their current fair values. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment by first evaluating qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible assets are less than their carrying value. If it is concluded that this is the case, it is necessary to perform the currently prescribed quantitative impairment test. Otherwise, the quantitative impairment test is not required. Based on the qualitative assessment of goodwill performed by the Company in its respective fiscal fourth quarters, there was no indicator of impairment of goodwill for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014. Based on the qualitative assessment of intangible assets that have indefinite lives performed by the Company in its fiscal fourth quarters of 2016 and 2015 and the quantitative assessment performed by the Company in its fiscal fourth quarter of 2014, there were no indicators of impairment of intangible assets that have indefinite lives.

The components of the Company’s other intangible assets for the fiscal years ended September 3, 2016 and August 29, 2015 are as follows:



				For the Fiscal Years Ended
				September 3, 2016				August 29, 2015
	Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)			Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer Relationships	5	-	18	$	175,160	$	(85,316)	$	175,160	$	(73,508)
Contract Rights		10			23,100		(23,100)		23,100		(21,368)
Trademark	1	-	5		3,613		(2,282)		2,900		(1,609)
Trademarks	Indefinite				14,132		—		15,130		—
Total				$	216,005	$	(110,698)	$	216,290	$	(96,485)

For fiscal years 2016 and 2015 the Company recorded approximately $112 and $212 of intangible assets, respectively, consisting of the registration and application of new trademarks. During fiscal 2016, approximately $397 in gross intangible assets, and any related accumulated amortization, were written off related to trademarks that are no longer being utilized. The Company’s amortizable intangible assets are recorded on a straight-line basis, including customer relationships, as it approximates customer attrition patterns and best estimates the use pattern of the asset. Amortization expense of the Company’s intangible assets was $14,478, $16,580, and $16,851 during fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively. Estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows:



Fiscal Year
2017		$8,006
2018		7,804
2019		7,338
2020		6,485
2021		5,799

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company periodically evaluates the net realizable value of long-lived assets, including definite lived intangible assets and property and equipment, relying on a number of factors, including operating results, business plans, economic projections, and anticipated future cash flows. Impairment is assessed by evaluating the estimated undiscounted cash flows over the asset’s remaining life. If estimated cash flows are insufficient to recover the investment, an impairment loss is recognized. No impairment loss was required to be recorded by the Company during fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014.

Deferred Catalog Costs

The costs of producing and distributing the Company’s principal catalogs are deferred ($5,174 and $4,948 at September 3, 2016 and August 29, 2015, respectively) and included in other assets in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. These costs are charged to expense over the period that the catalogs remain the most current source of sales, which is typically one year or less from the date the catalogs are mailed. The costs associated with brochures and catalog supplements are charged to expense as distributed. The total amount of advertising costs, net of co-operative advertising income from vendor sponsored programs, included in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income, was approximately $19,242, $24,101 and $20,799 during the fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the sales price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. In most cases, these conditions are met when the product is shipped to the customer or services have been rendered. The Company reports its sales net of the amount of actual sales returns and the amount of reserves established for anticipated sales returns based upon historical return rates. Sales tax collected from customers is excluded from net sales in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.

Vendor Consideration

The Company records cash consideration received for advertising costs incurred to sell the vendor’s products as a reduction of the Company’s advertising costs and is reflected in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income. In addition, the Company receives volume rebates from certain vendors based on contractual arrangements with such vendors. Rebates received from these vendors are recognized as a reduction to the cost of goods sold in the consolidated statements of income when the inventory is sold.

Product Warranties

The Company generally offers a maximum one-year warranty, including parts and labor, for some of its machinery products. The specific terms and conditions of those warranties vary depending upon the product sold. The Company may be able to recoup some of these costs through product warranties it holds with its original equipment manufacturers, which typically range from thirty to ninety days. In general, many of the Company’s general merchandise products are covered by third party original equipment manufacturers’ warranties. The Company’s warranty expense has been minimal.

Shipping and Handling Costs

The Company includes shipping and handling fees billed to customers in net sales and shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight in operating expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. The shipping and handling costs in operating expenses were approximately $118,174, $123,900, and $119,796 during fiscal years 2016, 2015, and 2014, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 718, “Compensation — Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”), the Company estimates the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant. The value of awards that are ultimately expected to vest is recognized as an expense over the requisite service periods. The fair value of our restricted stock awards and units is based on the closing market price of our common stock on the date of grant. We estimated the fair value of stock options granted using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. This model requires us to make estimates and assumptions with respect to the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the price of our common stock and the expected forfeiture rate. The fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period.

The expected term is based on the historical exercise behavior of grantees, as well as the contractual life of the option grants. The expected volatility factor is based on the volatility of the Company's common stock for a period equal to the expected term of the stock option. In addition, forfeitures of share-based awards are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. We use historical data to estimate pre-vesting option and restricted stock award and unit forfeitures and record stock-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest.

Treasury Stock

The Company accounts for treasury stock under the cost method, using the first-in, first-out flow assumption, and is included in “Class A treasury stock, at cost” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. When the Company reissues treasury stock, the gains are recorded in additional paid-in capital (“APIC”), while the losses are recorded to APIC to the extent that the previous net gains on the reissuance of treasury stock are available to offset the losses. If the loss is larger than the previous gains available, then the loss is recorded to retained earnings. When treasury stock is retired, the par value of the repurchased shares is deducted from common stock and the excess repurchase price over par is deducted by allocation to both APIC and retained earnings. The amount allocated to APIC is calculated as the original cost of APIC per share outstanding using the first-in, first-out flow assumption and is applied to the number of shares repurchased. Any remaining amount is allocated to retained earnings.

Related Party Transactions

Atlanta CFC Purchase

In August 2016, the Company’s subsidiary, Sid Tool Co., Inc. (“Sid Tool”) completed a transaction with Mitchmar Atlanta Properties, Inc. (“Mitchmar”) to purchase our Atlanta CFC and the real property on which the Atlanta CFC is situated for a purchase price of $33,650. Sid Tool had leased the Atlanta CFC from Mitchmar since 1989. Mitchmar is owned by Mitchell Jacobson, the Company’s Chairman, and his sister, Marjorie Gershwind Fiverson, and two family related trusts, and the beneficiaries of one of such trusts include the children of Erik Gershwind, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The purchase price was determined by an independent appraisal process, as provided in the lease agreement for the Atlanta facility.

The transaction was approved by the Company’s Board of Directors upon the recommendation of a special committee of independent directors which was responsible for evaluating the terms of the transaction. Both the Company’s Board of Directors and the special committee determined that the transaction was in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. The special committee was advised by independent counsel in connection with its evaluation and negotiation of the terms of the transaction and the purchase agreement.

We paid rent under an operating lease to Mitchmar of approximately $2,110, $2,318 and $2,297, respectively, for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014 in connection with our occupancy of our Atlanta CFC.

Stock Purchase Agreement

In July 2016, the Company entered into an agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) with Mitchell Jacobson, the Company’s Chairman, his sister, Marjorie Gershwind Fiverson, Erik Gershwind, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, and two other beneficial owners (collectively, the “Sellers”) of the Company’s Class B common stock. Pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, each Seller agreed to sell or cause to be sold by trusts or other entities on whose behalf such Seller acted, and the Company agreed to purchase, an aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock, at the price per share to be paid by the Company in the Company’s “modified Dutch auction” tender offer commenced on July 7, 2016, such that the Sellers’ aggregate percentage ownership and voting power in the Company would remain substantially the same as prior to the tender offer. The Sellers also agreed not to participate in the tender offer. The Stock Purchase Agreement was approved by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, as well as by the disinterested members of the Company’s Board of Directors. On August 19, 2016, pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, the Company purchased an aggregate of 1,152 shares of its Class A common stock from the Sellers and/or such trusts or other entities at a purchase price of $72.50 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $83,524. The purchase price per share paid to the sellers pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement was equal to the purchase price per share paid to shareholders whose shares were purchased in the Company’s tender offer.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying values of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. In addition, based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for borrowings with similar terms, the carrying values of the Company’s capital lease obligations also approximate fair value. The fair value of the Company’s taxable bonds are estimated based on observable inputs in non-active markets. Under this method, the Company’s fair value of the taxable bonds was not significantly different than the carrying value at September 3, 2016 and August 29, 2015. The fair values of the Company’s long-term debt, including current maturities are estimated based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on current rates offered to the Company for debt of the same remaining maturities. Under this method, the Company’s fair value of any long-term obligations was not significantly different than the carrying values at September 3, 2016 and August 29, 2015.

Foreign Currency

The local currency is the functional currency for all of MSC’s operations outside the United States. Assets and liabilities of these operations are translated to U.S. dollars at the exchange rate in effect at the end of each period. Income statement accounts are translated at the average exchange rate prevailing during the period. Translation adjustments arising from the use of differing exchange rates from period to period are included as a component of other comprehensive income within shareholders’ equity. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in net income for the period.

Income Taxes

The Company has established deferred income tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting bases and the income tax bases of its assets and liabilities at enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when such assets or liabilities are realized or settled pursuant to the provisions of ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), which prescribes a comprehensive model for the financial statement recognition, measurement, classification, and disclosure of uncertain tax positions. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, exclusive of interest and penalties that would affect the effective tax rate were $4,432 and $4,693 as of September 3, 2016 and August 29, 2015, respectively.

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income consists of consolidated net income and foreign currency translation adjustments. Foreign currency translation adjustments included in comprehensive income were not tax effected as investments in international affiliates are deemed to be permanent.

Geographic Regions

The Company’s sales and assets are predominantly generated from United States locations. Sales and assets related to the United Kingdom (the “U.K.”) and Canada branches are not significant to the Company’s total operations. For fiscal 2016, U.K. and Canadian operations represented approximately 3% of the Company’s consolidated net sales.

Segment Reporting

The Company utilizes the management approach for segment disclosure, which designates the internal organization that is used by management for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source of our reportable segments. The Company’s results of operations are reviewed by the Chief Executive Officer on a consolidated basis and the Company operates in only one segment. Substantially all of the Company’s revenues and long-lived assets are in the United States. We do not disclose revenue information by product category as it is impracticable to do so as a result of our numerous product offerings and the way our business is managed.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs

In April 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2015-03, Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs (Subtopic 835-30), which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability. For public business entities, the ASU is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Entities should apply the new guidance on a retrospective basis, wherein the balance sheet of each individual period presented should be adjusted to reflect the period-specific effects of applying the new guidance. The FASB allowed early adoption of this standard, and therefore, the Company adopted ASU 2015-03 during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2016. As a result of adopting this standard on a retrospective basis, $1,020 of debt issuance costs that were previously presented in long-term other assets as of August 29, 2015 are now included within current maturities of long-term debt and long-term debt, net of current maturities.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Share-based Payments

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which includes provisions intended to simplify various aspects related to how share-based payments are accounted for and presented in the financial statements. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted. The new standard is effective for the Company for its fiscal 2018 first quarter. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of the pronouncement may have on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), to increase transparency and comparability by providing additional information to users of financial statements regarding an entity's leasing activities. ASU 2016-02 requires reporting entities to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for substantially all lease arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods therein, beginning after December 15, 2018. The new standard is effective for the Company for its fiscal 2020 first quarter. The guidance will be applied on a modified retrospective basis beginning with the earliest period presented. The Company is currently evaluating this standard to determine the impact of adoption on its consolidated financial statements.

Deferred Taxes

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes. This update requires an entity to classify deferred tax liabilities and assets as non-current within a classified balance sheet. ASU 2015-17 is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods therein, beginning after December 15, 2016. This update may be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. Early application is permitted. The new standard is effective for the Company for its fiscal 2018 first quarter. The Company does not expect adoption of ASU 2015-17 to have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory (Topic 330), which requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value, which consists of the estimated selling prices in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable cost of completion, disposal, and transportation. For public entities, the updated guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The guidance is to be applied prospectively with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. The new standard is effective for the Company for its fiscal 2018 first quarter. The Company does not expect adoption of ASU 2015-11 to have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The ASU will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective. The new standard is effective for the Company for its fiscal 2019 first quarter. Early application is permitted. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The Company is evaluating the effect that ASU 2014-09 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company has neither selected a transition method, nor determined the impact that the adoption of the pronouncement may have on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the fiscal 2016 presentation. These reclassifications did not have a material impact on the presentation of the consolidated financial statements. See “Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements” above regarding the impact of our adoption of ASU 2015-03 upon the classification of debt issuance costs in our consolidated balance sheets.